WO2023165115A1

WO2023165115A1 - Sea surface oil recovery device

Info

Publication number: WO2023165115A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/120052
Authority: WO
Inventors: 纪虹; 赵胤涵; 杨克; 邢志祥; 蒋军成; 郭杰; 王婷; 刘羽晨; 陆仁杰
Original assignee: 常州大学
Priority date: 2022-04-02
Filing date: 2022-09-21
Publication date: 2023-09-07
Also published as: US20230313477A1; CN114735788B; US11905672B2; CN114735788A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of recovery devices, in particular to a sea surface oil recovery device. The device comprises a storage compartment, and an oil-water separation system and an oil-water collection system which are arranged on the storage compartment, wherein an oil storage compartment, a water storage compartment, a separation compartment, and a gas storage compartment which are mutually separated are provided in the storage compartment; the gas storage compartment is located in the upper portion of the storage compartment; the separation compartment is located below the oil storage compartment, and the separation compartment is located above the water storage compartment; and the storage compartment is provided with a water delivery pipe used for connecting the water storage compartment to the outside of the storage compartment. During use, the problems of it being difficult to collect oil that has leaked onto the sea surface, a collection rate being low, and levels of labor consumption being high are effectively solved, thereby reducing the waste of oil resources. After oil enters the sea and undergoes changes such as diffusion and water dissolution, dynamic collection of an oil-water mixture and oil-water coarse separation can be realized. Since a large amount of oil phase and water phase are stored in the device after oil collection work is finished, the gas storage compartment is arranged at the top of the device to prevent the device from sinking into the sea after the collection work is finished.

Description

Sea surface oil recovery device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of recovery devices, in particular to a sea surface oil recovery device.

Background technique

The pollution caused by the entry of petroleum and its products into the marine environment during mining, refining, storage, transportation and use. All kinds of oily waste water, the discharge of ballast water and tank washing water of ships at sea, the wreck of oil tankers, the leakage of oil pipelines and offshore oil exploitation, etc., are all important ways of marine oil pollution. It is estimated that the world's oil entering the sea through various channels is about 6 million tons per year. Oil pollution will destroy the seaside landscape and bathing places. The oil film on the sea surface can hinder the gas exchange between the atmosphere and seawater, and affect the photosynthesis of marine plants. When the fur of sea animals and the feathers of seabirds are contaminated with oil, they lose their ability to keep warm, swim or fly. Petroleum pollutants can also interfere with the feeding, reproduction, growth and development of marine organisms, change the migratory routes of fish, contaminate fishing gear and catches, make seafood smell of petroleum and make them inedible, and seriously cause ecological damage to the ocean.

The oil that enters the sea first expands into a thin film on the ocean surface under the action of gravity, inertial force, friction force and surface tension, and then is divided into block or ribbon oil films of different sizes under the action of wind waves and ocean currents, drifting with the wind diffusion. Wind is the most important factor affecting the drift of oil on the sea surface, and the drift speed of oil is about 3% of the wind speed. The oil drift found along the coast is more in the north coast of the peninsula in winter and more in the south coast of the peninsula in spring, which is also mainly caused by the influence of wind. Non-hydrocarbon components such as nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen in petroleum are surfactants, which can promote the diffusion of petroleum. This has caused a certain degree of difficulty in the recovery of oil products on the sea surface.

At present, in the process of crude oil extraction, the production water discharged into the sea by offshore oil platforms often contains some crude oil, which causes crude oil to pollute the marine environment and also wastes oil resources. Therefore, proper handling of oil spills on the sea surface plays a key role in improving marine pollution, reducing resource loss, and protecting the marine ecological environment.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problem of pollution or damage to the marine ecological environment caused by floating sea oil on the ocean surface, a sea surface oil recovery device is now provided.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a sea surface oil recovery device, including a storage cabin, an oil-water separation system and an oil-water collection system arranged on the storage cabin, and the storage cabin is provided with mutually separated An oil storage cabin, a water storage cabin, a separation cabin and an air storage cabin, the gas storage cabin is located above the storage cabin, the separation cabin is located below the oil storage cabin, the separation cabin is located above the water storage cabin, and the storage cabin A water delivery pipe for connecting the water storage tank with the outside of the storage tank is arranged on the top;

The oil-water separation system includes a molecular semipermeable membrane and a water suction pipe for separating oil and water, the molecular semipermeable membrane is arranged between the separation cabin and the water storage cabin, and communicates the separation cabin and the water storage cabin, the The water suction pipe is arranged between the oil storage cabin and the separation cabin, and communicates the oil storage cabin and the separation cabin with each other, and a pressure relief valve is arranged on the top of the storage cabin, and the pressure relief valve communicates with the oil storage cabin;

The oil-water collection system includes a first water pump arranged on the storage cabin, an input end of the first water pump is arranged outside the storage cabin and at sea level, and an output end of the first water pump communicates with the separation cabin. The oil-water mixture is delivered to the separation compartment through the first water pump, and at the same time, a certain pressure is provided to the separation compartment. On the one hand, it facilitates the separated oil phase to enter the oil storage compartment, and on the other hand, it facilitates the water phase to pass through the molecular semipermeable membrane. After entering the water storage tank, the water in the water storage tank can be discharged through the water delivery pipe, realizing the separation of oil and water, and reducing the damage of the oil-water mixture to the marine ecological environment.

In order to recover better, it further includes a power system, the power system includes a second water pump arranged on the storage compartment, the input end of the second water pump communicates with the water delivery pipe, and the output end of the second water pump Set outside the storage compartment. By setting a power system on the storage cabin, and the power system uses the second water pump to pump the separated water phase in the water storage cabin as the power source, the displacement of the storage cabin can be controlled to facilitate the collection of the oil-water mixture.

In order to better control the displacement of the storage compartment, further, the power system further includes a rudder hinged on the storage compartment, and the storage compartment is provided with a control mechanism for controlling the deflection of the rudder. The control mechanism controls the rudder to swing, so as to better change the displacement direction of the storage compartment and improve the recovery efficiency.

Further, a one-way valve is provided between the first water pump and the separation chamber to prevent the oil-water mixture in the separation chamber from flowing back. The one-way valve can prevent the phenomenon of countercurrent discharge due to pressure after the oil-water mixture is stored in the separation chamber.

There will still be some water in the oil phase after rough separation, and further, a water-absorbing material is arranged in the water-absorbing pipe. The separated oil phase absorbs water again by installing a water-absorbing material in the water-absorbing pipe.

Further, the water-absorbing material is polyacrylamide.

Further, one end of the water suction pipe is arranged in the oil storage tank and spirally arranged. The spirally arranged water suction pipe increases the stroke of the oil phase, and better removes water from the oil phase again.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the sea surface oil recovery device of the present invention is in use, it effectively solves the problems of difficult collection of oil leaked from the sea surface, low collection rate, and high manpower consumption, reduces the waste of oil resources, and can recycle oil After entering the sea, the dynamic collection of the oil-water mixture and the rough separation of oil and water will be realized after the changes such as diffusion and water solubility. After the oil collection work is completed, a large amount of oil phase and water phase will be stored in the device. An air storage tank is installed on the top of the device to prevent collection After the work is over, the device sinks into the sea, which is beneficial to the recovery of the device. The device and method of the present invention perform rough separation of oil and water on the basis of effectively collecting oil on the sea surface, which improves the recovery rate of oil products and reduces the burden for subsequent oil-water separation work. , the device and the use method of the present invention are very simple, only need to throw the device into the sea to realize the recovery of the oil on the sea surface.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Among the figure: 1, storage compartment, 101, oil storage compartment, 102, water storage compartment, 103, separation compartment, 104, gas storage compartment;

2. Oil-water separation system, 201, molecular semipermeable membrane, 202, water suction pipe, 203, water absorbent material;

3. Oil-water collection system, 301, first water pump, 302, one-way valve, 303, water pipe;

4. Power system, 401, second water pump, 402, rudder, 403, control mechanism;

5. Liquid level sensor, 6. Pressure reducing valve.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment:

The present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various other specific embodiments according to the disclosed content of the present invention, or make simple changes or All changes fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner" and "outer" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and Simplified descriptions, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific situations.

As shown in Figure 1-2, a sea surface oil recovery device includes an oil-water collection system 3, an oil-water separation system 2, and a power system 4. The storage compartment 1 is provided with an oil storage compartment 101 and a water storage compartment separated from each other. 102, the separation cabin 103 and the gas storage cabin 104, the gas storage cabin 104 is located above the storage cabin 1, the separation cabin 103 is located below the oil storage cabin 101, the separation cabin 103 is located above the water storage cabin 102, the The storage cabin 1 is provided with a water delivery pipe 303 for connecting the water storage cabin 102 with the outside of the storage cabin 1. The oil-water collection system 3 is used to collect the oil-water mixture, and the oil-water separation system 2 roughly separates the mixed liquid. The ends communicate with the oil storage tank 101 and the upper storage tank respectively, and the water storage tank 102 communicates with the second water pump 401 of the power system 4 through the water delivery pipe 303 and provides power;

The oil-water collection system 3 includes a first water pump 301, an infusion tube, a one-way valve 302, and a liquid level sensor 5. The two ends of the infusion tube are connected to the water pump and the one-way valve 302 respectively. The top of the pipe is connected to the output end of the first water pump 301, and the bottom of the infusion pipe is in communication with the compartment 103 of the oil-water separation system 2. A one-way valve 302 is installed on the infusion pipe, and the liquid level sensor 5 is closely attached to the outer wall of the infusion pipe and arranged on the The top in the oil storage tank 101.

The oil-water separation system 2 includes a molecular semipermeable membrane 201 and a water suction pipe 202. The top of the separation cabin 103 communicates with the water suction pipe 202. The bottom of the separation cabin 103 is provided with a molecular semipermeable membrane 201 and communicates with the water storage cabin 102. The water suction pipe The other end of 202 extends into the oil storage tank 101 , and a pressure reducing valve 6 is arranged on the top of the storage tank 1 , and the pressure reducing valve 6 communicates with the oil storage tank 101 .

The power system 4 includes a second water pump 401, a rudder 402, a water outlet, and a water delivery pipe 303. The second water pump 401 is fixed in the water storage cabin 102, and the output end of the second water pump 401 is communicated with the water delivery pipe 303. The other end of the water pipe 303 communicates with the water outlet on the storage cabin, the rudder 402 is hinged on the storage cabin, the control mechanism 403 on the storage cabin includes a connecting rod and a cylinder, the protruding end of the cylinder is hinged with the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod. The rudder 402 is articulated.

When the above-mentioned sea surface oil recovery device is in use, the following steps are included:

Recovery process: when the oil-water mixture to be recovered starts to be collected, the first water pump 301 starts to work, the oil-water mixture to be recovered is absorbed into the infusion pipe through the first water pump 301, and the oil-water mixture to be recovered passes through the infusion pipe through the one-way valve 302 and then enters the separation cabin 103 Inside, the one-way valve 302 can prevent the oil-water mixture from flowing back into the infusion tube.

Separation process: The oil-water mixture continuously enters the separation compartment 103 of the oil-water separation system 2 through the infusion pipe. Due to the gravity of water and oil, the water phase penetrates the molecular semi-permeable membrane 201 and enters the water storage compartment 102, and the oil phase is intercepted in the In the separation compartment 103, as the first water pump 301 continues to pump the oil-water mixture into the separation compartment 103, under the action of pressure, the roughly separated oil-water mixture enters from the bottom inlet of the suction pipe 202, passes through the entire section of the suction pipe 202, and The water flows out from the top of the water suction pipe 202 into the oil storage tank 101, and when a certain pressure is reached in the oil storage tank 101, the pressure reducing valve 6 is opened to discharge the internal pressure.

Collection process: when the second water pump 401 starts to work, the water phase in the water storage tank 102 is transported to the liquid outlet of the storage tank through the water delivery pipe 303, so it has the power to move forward; and the control mechanism 403 controls the rudder 402 To work, the movement of the device produces a change in direction.

When the liquid level sensor 5 detects that the liquid level of the oil entering the oil storage tank 101 is higher than the threshold, the first water pump 301 stops working, and the recovery of the oil on the sea surface is completed, and the oil can be recovered at the recovery point by remote control. When the liquid level sensor 5 detects that the liquid level of the oil entering the oil storage tank 101 is not higher than the threshold value, the first water pump 301 keeps working and continues to recover the oil on the sea surface.

working principle:

When the device works, first the oil-water collection system 3 starts to work, and the oil-water mixture enters the infusion pipe through the first water pump 301, and enters the separation compartment 103 of the oil-water separation system 2 through the one-way valve 302 connected at the bottom of the infusion pipe, while the one-way valve 302 It can prevent the oil-water mixture in the separation chamber 103 from flowing backwards. The bottom of the separation chamber 103 is connected to the molecular semipermeable membrane 201, and a small opening on the top leads to the water suction pipe 202. After the oil-water mixture enters the separation chamber 103, the oil phase will cover the water due to the density. At the top of the phase, due to the influence of gravity and the effect of the molecular semipermeable membrane 201, the water phase below will pass through the molecular semipermeable membrane 201 and enter the water storage tank 102, while the oil phase will be intercepted by the molecular semipermeable membrane 201, and the first water pump 301 continuously transports the oil-water mixture to the separation chamber 103, which is equivalent to continuously pressurizing the separation chamber 103. Due to the influence of pressure, the oil phase above will enter the water suction pipe 202, and the water suction pipe 202 is filled with a highly water-absorbent polyacrylamide material. Separate a small amount of water phase mixed in the oil phase entering the pipe. When the oil phase passes through the entire water suction pipe 202 and enters the interior of the oil storage tank 101, the internal pressure of the oil storage tank 101 continues to rise. When it reaches the set value of the pressure reducing valve 6 , the pressure in the oil storage tank 101 is discharged, and the oil phase entering the oil storage tank 101 is the oil phase in the roughly separated oil-water mixture, and the second water pump 401 inside the water storage tank 102 can discharge the separated water phase to the device provide power for the device at the same time, and at the same time, the rudder 402 that is set against the water outlet can change the direction of power, so the device can realize the dynamic recovery of oil products on the sea surface; There is no material exchange in the part. After the liquid level sensor 5 detects that the oil phase collection reaches the threshold, the device will stop the oil collection work on the sea surface. After collecting a large amount of oil, there is still enough buoyancy to prevent the device from sinking into the sea. At the same time, the gas storage chamber 104 can also ensure that the device floats on the sea surface during the collection process, and ensure that the first water pump 301 can absorb the oil-water mixture.

The above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention is an inspiration. Through the above-mentioned description, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

A sea surface oil recovery device, characterized in that it includes a storage cabin (1), an oil-water separation system (2) and an oil-water collection system (3) arranged on the storage cabin (1), and the storage cabin (1) An oil storage compartment (101), a water storage compartment (102), a separation compartment (103) and an air storage compartment (104) separated from each other are provided, and the gas storage compartment (104) is located above the storage compartment (1), The separation compartment (103) is located below the oil storage compartment (101), the separation compartment (103) is located above the water storage compartment (102), and the storage compartment (1) is provided with a A water delivery pipe (303) communicating with the outside of the storage cabin (1);

The oil-water separation system (2) includes a molecular semipermeable membrane (201) and a water suction pipe (202) for separating oil and water, and the molecular semipermeable membrane (201) is arranged in the separation compartment (103) and the water storage compartment (102), and connect the pod (103) with the water storage compartment (102), the water suction pipe (202) is arranged between the oil storage compartment (101) and the pod (103), and connects the oil storage compartment The cabin (101) and the separation cabin (103) are communicated with each other, and the top of the storage cabin (1) is provided with a pressure relief valve (6), and the pressure relief valve (6) is communicated with the oil storage cabin (101);

The oil-water collection system (3) includes a first water pump (301) arranged on the storage cabin (1), the input end of the first water pump (301) is arranged outside the storage cabin (1) and is located at sea level, The output end of the first water pump (301) communicates with the pod (103).
The sea surface oil recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a power system (4), and the power system (4) includes a second water pump (401) arranged on the storage cabin (1), so The input end of the second water pump (401) communicates with the water delivery pipe (303), and the output end of the second water pump (401) is arranged outside the storage compartment (1).
The sea surface oil recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the power system (4) also includes a rudder (402) hinged on the storage cabin (1), and the storage cabin (1) is provided with a useful A control mechanism (403) for controlling the deflection of the rudder (402).
The sea surface oil recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a one-way valve ( 302).
The sea surface oil recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a water-absorbing material (203) is arranged in the water-absorbing pipe (202).
The sea surface oil recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the water-absorbing material (203) is polyacrylamide.
The sea surface oil recovery device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: one end of the water suction pipe (202) is arranged in the oil storage tank (101) and spirally arranged.
The sea surface oil recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that a liquid level sensor (5) is arranged in the oil storage tank (101).