WO2023161990A1 - Communication device and communication method - Google Patents

Abstract

A node B100 comprises a control unit 270 that determines a beam by combining a plurality of standards during a beam search, and a communication unit 210 that uses the beam to communicate. The plurality of standards include at least one among the received power, a correlation value with respect to another beam, and a fairness value representing fairness between communication partners.

Description

Communication device and communication method

The present disclosure relates to communication devices and communication methods.

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has specified the 5th generation mobile communication system (also known as 5G, New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution or 6G for ultra-high speed communication. Further utilization of high frequency bands is expected for the future. The number of antenna elements in base stations (BS: Base Station) and mobile stations (MS: Mobile Station) is expected to increase.

3GPP Release 15, 16 specifies beamforming that utilizes Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), which generates highly directional beams by controlling radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements. (For example, Non-Patent Document 1).

　In 6G, not only radio base stations but also terminals (User Equipment, UE) are expected to use Massive MIMO for beamforming. In addition, 6G is expected to use high frequency bands such as the terahertz (THz) band, and such high frequency bands will require more antenna elements.

Beamforming includes digital BF that performs precoding signal processing on digital signals, analog BF that uses a phase shifter on RF, and hybrid BF that combines digital BF and analog BF. Since digital BF requires the same number of digital-to-analog converters (DACs) and up-converters as the number of antenna elements, it is assumed that hybrid BFs of full-array type, sub-array type, or distributed MIMO type will be used.

If the beams are determined based on the maximum received power, the beams will be concentrated in a specific direction, raising concerns about increased spatial correlation or assigning beams only to specific users. As a result, overall system performance may be degraded.

Therefore, the present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and aims to improve system performance.

One aspect of the disclosure is a communication device that includes a control unit that combines a plurality of criteria to determine a beam during beam search, and a communication unit that communicates using the beam.

One aspect of the disclosure is a communication method in which a communication device determines a beam by combining a plurality of criteria during beam search, and communicates using the beam.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a radio communication system. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing frequency ranges used in a wireless communication system. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of radio frames, subframes and slots used in a radio communication system. FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a radio base station and terminals. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing in which a radio base station determines beams. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing in which the radio base station determines beams. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a radio base station and terminals. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described based on the drawings. The same or similar reference numerals are given to the same functions and configurations, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

(1) Overall Schematic Configuration of Radio Communication System FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a radio communication system 10 according to the present embodiment. The radio communication system 10 is a radio communication system according to a scheme called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution or 6G (hereinafter referred to as 6G), and includes a Radio Access Network 20 (hereinafter RAN 20 and terminals 200 (hereinafter UE 200, User Equipment, UE) Note that the wireless communication system 10 may be a wireless communication system according to 5G New Radio (NR).

RAN 20 includes a radio base station 100 (hereinafter referred to as NodeB 100). Note that the specific configuration of the radio communication system 10 including the number of Node Bs and UEs is not limited to the example shown in FIG.

　RAN20 actually includes multiple RAN Nodes, specifically Node B, and is connected to a core network (not shown) according to 6G. Note that the RAN 20 and core network may simply be expressed as a "network".

　NodeB100 is a 6G-compliant radio base station that performs 5G-compliant radio communication with UE200. NodeB 100 and UE 200 control radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements to generate antenna beams with higher directivity (hereafter beam BM), Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), multiple It is possible to support carrier aggregation (CA), which uses component carriers (CC) in a bundle, and dual connectivity (DC), which simultaneously communicates between a UE and two NG-RAN Nodes.

The NodeB 100 can transmit multiple beams BM with different transmission directions (simply called directions, radiation directions, coverage, etc.) in a space- and time-division manner. Note that the NodeB 100 may transmit multiple beams BM at the same time. Also, not only the NodeB 100 but also the UE 200 can appropriately change the transmission direction, width (beam width), number, etc. of the beams BM to support beamforming to form a desired beam BM.

Also, the wireless communication system 10 may support multiple frequency ranges (FR). FIG. 2 shows the frequency ranges used in wireless communication system 10. As shown in FIG.

・FR1: 410MHz to 7.125GHz
・FR2: 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz
In FR1, a Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS) of 15, 30 or 60 kHz may be used and a bandwidth (BW) of 5-100 MHz may be used. FR2 is a higher frequency than FR1, with an SCS of 60 or 120 kHz (240 kHz may be included) and a bandwidth (BW) of 50-400 MHz may be used.

Furthermore, the radio communication system 10 may also support a higher frequency band than the FR2 frequency band. Specifically, the wireless communication system 10 may support frequency bands above 52.6 GHz and up to 114.25 GHz and/or frequency bands between FR1 and FR2. Note that the frequency band over 100 GHz may be called the terahertz (THz) band.

SCS may be interpreted as numerology. Numerology is defined, for example, in 3GPP TS38.300 and corresponds to one subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain.

Furthermore, the radio communication system 10 also supports higher frequency bands than the FR2 frequency band. Specifically, the wireless communication system 10 supports frequency bands exceeding 52.6 GHz and up to 71 GHz. Such high frequency bands may be conveniently referred to as "FR2x".

Also, FR2 may include FR2-1 (24.25-52.6 GHz) and FR2-2 (52.6-71 GHz).

Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM)/Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread (DFT-S-OFDM) with larger Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS) is applied when using high frequency bands like FR2x. may

Also, in high frequency bands such as FR2x, as mentioned above, an increase in phase noise between carriers becomes a problem. This may require the application of a larger (wider) SCS or a single carrier waveform.

The larger the SCS, the shorter the symbol/CP (Cyclic Prefix) period and the slot period (if the 14 symbol/slot configuration is maintained). FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of radio frames, subframes and slots used in the radio communication system 10. As shown in FIG. If the 14 symbol/slot structure is maintained, the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period).

Note that the time direction (t) shown in FIG. 3 may also be referred to as the time domain, time domain, symbol period, symbol time, or the like. The frequency direction may also be referred to as frequency domain, frequency domain, resource block, resource block group, subcarrier, BWP (Bandwidth part), subchannel, common frequency resource, and the like.

Also, the number of symbols forming one slot does not necessarily have to be 14 symbols (for example, 28 or 56 symbols). Also, the number of slots per subframe may vary depending on the SCS.

In addition, when supporting high frequency bands such as FR2x or the terahertz band, a massive antenna with many antenna elements is used to support a wide bandwidth and large propagation loss, and a narrower beam is used. should be generated. That is, multiple beams are required to cover a given geographical area. For example, in the case of 3GPP Release 15 (FR2), the maximum number of beams used for SSB (SS/PBCH Block) transmission consisting of a synchronization signal (SS: Synchronization Signal) and a downlink physical broadcast channel (PBCH: Physical Broadcast CHannel) is 64, but the maximum number of beams (number of beam candidates) may be expanded to cover a certain geographical area with narrow beams. In this case, the number of SSBs may be 64 or more.

Also, although the wireless communication system 10 can support high frequency bands such as FR2x or the terahertz band, the number of antenna elements increases. As mentioned above, the full digital Massive MIMO configuration requires the same number of DACs and up-converters as the number of antenna elements, requiring expensive equipment. Therefore, it is assumed that a full-array type, sub-array type, or distributed MIMO type hybrid BF will be used.

In the wireless communication system 10, when multiple beams are determined based on the maximum received power, the beams may concentrate in a specific direction.

Under such circumstances, the wireless communication system 10 performs beam search using not only the maximum received power but also multiple pieces of information.

(2) Functional Block Configuration of Radio Communication System Next, the functional block configuration of the radio communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, functional block configurations of NodeB 100 and UE 200 will be described.

FIG. 4 is a functional block configuration diagram of NodeB 100 and UE 200. The NodeB 100 will be described below. UE 200 can be similarly configured.

As shown in FIG. 4, the NodeB 100 includes a radio signal transmission/reception unit 210, an amplifier unit 220, a modem unit 230, a control signal/reference signal processing unit 240, an encoding/decoding unit 250, a data transmission/reception unit 260, and a control unit 270. .

The radio signal transmitting/receiving unit 210 transmits/receives radio signals according to 6G. The radio signal transmitting/receiving unit 210 may support Massive MIMO, CA that bundles and uses multiple CCs, DC that simultaneously communicates between the UE and each of two RAN nodes, and the like.

The radio signal transmitting/receiving unit 210 can transmit radio signals such as SSB transmitted using the beam BM (see FIG. 1). Note that the beam BM may be a directional beam or an omnidirectional beam.

Also, the direction of the beam BM may be determined for each subarray.

The maximum number of beams used for SSB transmission may be, for example, 64, or the maximum number of beams may be extended to cover a certain geographical area with narrow beams. In this case, the number of SSBs is 64 or more, and an index for identifying SSBs (SSB index) may use values after #64.

The amplifier section 220 is configured by a PA (Power Amplifier)/LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) and the like. Amplifier section 220 amplifies the signal output from modem section 230 to a predetermined power level. In addition, amplifier section 220 amplifies the RF signal output from radio signal transmission/reception section 210 .

The modulation/demodulation unit 230 executes data modulation/demodulation, transmission power setting, resource block allocation, etc. for each predetermined communication destination (NodeB 100, etc.). The modem unit 230 may apply Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM)/Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread (DFT-S-OFDM). Also, DFT-S-OFDM may be used not only for uplink (UL) but also for downlink (DL).

The control signal/reference signal processing unit 240 executes processing related to various control signals and processing related to various reference signals.

Specifically, the control signal/reference signal processing unit 240 processes various control signals transmitted via a predetermined control channel, such as radio resource control layer (RRC) control signals.

The control signal/reference signal processing unit 240 executes processing using reference signals (RS) such as Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) and Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS). In a broader sense, SSB may also be interpreted as a type of reference signal.

A DMRS is a known reference signal (pilot signal) between a terminal-specific base station and a terminal for estimating the fading channel used for data demodulation. PTRS is a terminal-specific reference signal for estimating phase noise, which is a problem in high frequency bands.

In addition to DMRS and PTRS, reference signals may include Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) for position information.

Also, the channel includes a control channel and a data channel. Control channels include PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), RACH (Random Access Channel, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI)), and Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) etc. may be included. Control may refer to various control signals transmitted over a control channel.

In addition, data channels include PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel). Data may refer to data transmitted over a data channel, and data may refer to user data.

PUCCH may be interpreted as a UL physical channel used for transmitting UCI (Uplink Control Information). UCI can be sent on either PUCCH or PUSCH depending on the situation. Note that DCI may always be transmitted via PDCCH and may not be transmitted via PDSCH.

The UCI may include at least one of Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ACK/NACK, scheduling request (SR) from UE 200, and Channel State Information (CSI).

Also, the timing and radio resources for transmitting PUCCH may be controlled by DCI in the same way as data channels.

The encoding/decoding unit 250 performs data segmentation/concatenation, channel coding/decoding, and the like.

Specifically, the encoding/decoding unit 250 divides the data output from the data transmission/reception unit 260 into pieces of a predetermined size, and performs channel coding on the divided data. In addition, encoding/decoding section 250 decodes the data output from modem section 230 and concatenates the decoded data.

The data transmission/reception unit 260 executes transmission/reception of Protocol Data Unit (PDU) and Service Data Unit (SDU). Specifically, the data transmitting/receiving unit 260 performs PDU/SDU in multiple layers (medium access control layer (MAC), radio link control layer (RLC), packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP), etc.). Assemble/disassemble etc. The data transmission/reception unit 260 also performs data error correction and retransmission control based on hybrid ARQ (Hybrid automatic repeat request).

Also, the data transmission/reception unit 260 can transmit/receive data at a required rate. In this embodiment, the data transmission/reception unit 260 constitutes a transmission/reception unit. The required rate may be interpreted as the communication speed (transmission speed) of data (basically user data) transmitted and/or received by the UE 200 . The required rate may be expressed in units such as bits per second (bps).

The control unit 270 controls each functional block that configures the NodeB 100. In particular, in this embodiment, the control unit 270 determines a beam (also referred to as antenna directivity or search beam) based on a metric combining a plurality of pieces of information as well as the maximum received power during beam search. Determining a beam means forming a beam by controlling the amplitude and phase of signals transmitted and received by each antenna element.

(3) Operation of Radio Communication System Next, an example of the operation of the radio communication system 10 will be described. Although the operation of the NodeB 100 will be mainly described below, the UE 200 may operate similarly.

(3.1) Operation example 1
First, with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 5, the flow of processing for the NodeB 100 to determine beams during beam search will be described.

At step S11, the NodeB 100 transmits a reference signal for determining beams.

At step S12, the NodeB 100 selects a beam by combining the measurement result of the reference signal and other criteria. Since the CSI is not estimated here, the received power is obtained as the measurement result of the reference signal. NodeB 100 selects a beam by combining received power and another criterion. The received power is, for example, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).

Correlation values with other beams can be used as another criterion. The correlation value is the angular difference between other beams. The NodeB 100 obtains, for example, received power×α+correlation value×β for each beam, and selects a beam based on the calculated metric. The coefficient α may be determined arbitrarily.

Alternatively, a fairness value representing fairness between users can be used as another criterion. A fair value can be a provocative fair metric, which is the instantaneous throughput divided by the average throughput. The NodeB 100 obtains, for example, received power×α+fair value×γ for each beam, and selects a beam based on the calculated metric.

Alternatively, the received power, correlation value, and fairness value may be used. The NodeB 100 obtains, for example, received power×α+correlation value×β+fair value×γ, and selects a beam based on the obtained metric. A metric combining these criteria may also be used.

By combining received power and other criteria before CSI estimation, beams can be selected without significantly increasing the amount of computation.

(3.2) Operation example 2
Next, the flow of processing for selecting beams in stages will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the following, it is assumed that L beams are finally selected from all N beam candidates.

At step S21, the NodeB 100 selects M temporary beams. where M>L. Beam selection that combines multiple criteria as described above may be used in selecting the provisional beam.

At step S22, the NodeB 100 transmits reference signals on M temporary beams and obtains CSI feedback for all M temporary beams.

At step S23, the NodeB 100 selects L beams that can lower the correlation and increase the throughput based on the CSI feedback of the temporary beams.

Operation example 2 increases the number of CSI estimations compared to the conventional method, but enables beam selection that considers spatial correlation more realistically.

(4) Functions and Effects According to this embodiment, the NodeB 100 determines a beam by combining multiple criteria during beam search. The multiple criteria include at least one of received power, a correlation value with other beams, and a fairness value representing fairness between communication partners. As a result, it is possible to select beams that are less affected by spatial correlation and beams that consider fairness among users while suppressing an increase in the amount of computation required for beam selection, and an improvement in system performance can be expected.

According to this embodiment, the NodeB 100 selects a temporary beam, receives CSI feedback of the temporary beam, and determines a beam from among the temporary beams. This enables beam selection in which spatial correlation is more taken into consideration.

(5) Other Embodiments Although the contents of the present invention have been described in accordance with the embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these descriptions and that various modifications and improvements are possible. self-evident to the trader.

In the above disclosure, configure, activate, update, indicate, enable, specify, and select may be read interchangeably. Similarly, link, associate, correspond, and map may be read interchangeably to allocate, assign, monitor. , map, may also be read interchangeably.

Furthermore, specific, dedicated, UE-specific, and UE-specific may be read interchangeably. Similarly, common, shared, group-common, UE common, and UE shared may be read interchangeably.

The block configuration diagram (Fig. 2) used to describe the above-described embodiment shows blocks in functional units. These functional blocks (components) are implemented by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Also, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be implemented using one device physically or logically coupled, or directly or indirectly using two or more physically or logically separated devices (e.g. , wired, wireless, etc.) and may be implemented using these multiple devices. A functional block may be implemented by combining software in the one device or the plurality of devices.

Functions include judging, determining, determining, calculating, calculating, processing, deriving, examining, searching, checking, receiving, transmitting, outputting, accessing, resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, assuming, expecting, assuming, Broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, assigning, etc. can't For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In either case, as described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.

Furthermore, the NodeB 100 and UE 200 (applicable device) described above may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the device. As shown in the figure, the device may be configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

In the following explanation, the term "apparatus" can be read as a circuit, device, unit, or the like. The hardware configuration of the device may be configured to include one or more of each device shown in the figure, or may be configured without some of the devices.

Each functional block of the device (see FIG. 2) is realized by any hardware element of the computer device or a combination of the hardware elements.

In addition, each function of the device is implemented by causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, controlling communication by the communication device 1004, and controlling the It is realized by controlling at least one of data reading and writing in 1002 and storage 1003 .

A processor 1001, for example, operates an operating system and controls the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including interfaces with peripheral devices, a control unit, an arithmetic unit, registers, and the like.

Also, the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 to the memory 1002, and executes various processes according to them. As the program, a program that causes a computer to execute at least part of the operations described in the above embodiments is used. Furthermore, the above-described various processes may be executed by one processor 1001, or may be executed by two or more processors 1001 simultaneously or sequentially. Processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. Note that the program may be transmitted from a network via an electric communication line.

The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and is composed of at least one of Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), etc. may be The memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), or the like. The memory 1002 can store programs (program code), software modules, etc. capable of executing a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, for example, an optical disc such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disc, a magneto-optical disc (for example, a compact disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disk), smart card, flash memory (eg, card, stick, key drive), floppy disk, magnetic strip, and/or the like. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The recording medium described above may be, for example, a database, server, or other suitable medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003 .

The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting/receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also called a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, or the like.

The communication device 1004 includes a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., for realizing at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). may consist of

The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (eg, display, speaker, LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated (for example, a touch panel).

Also, each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between devices.

In addition, the device includes hardware such as a microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. A part or all of each functional block may be implemented by the hardware. For example, processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

In addition, notification of information is not limited to the aspects/embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may include physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), other signals, or a combination thereof, and RRC signaling may also be referred to as RRC messages, e.g., RRC Connection Setup ) message, RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure includes Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system ( 5G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, other suitable systems, and/or next-generation systems enhanced therefrom. may be applied to Also, a plurality of systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A and 5G).

The order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect/embodiment described in the present disclosure may be changed as long as there is no contradiction. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of the various steps using a sample order, and are not limited to the specific order presented.

A specific operation that is performed by a base station in the present disclosure may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes with a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station and other network nodes other than the base station (e.g. MME or S-GW, etc., but not limited to). Although the case where there is one network node other than the base station is exemplified above, it may be a combination of a plurality of other network nodes (for example, MME and S-GW).

Information, signals (information, etc.) can be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer). It may be input and output via multiple network nodes.

Input/output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or appended. The output information may be deleted. The entered information may be transmitted to other devices.

The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a true/false value (Boolean: true or false), or by numerical comparison (for example, a predetermined value).

Each aspect/embodiment described in the present disclosure may be used alone, may be used in combination, or may be used by switching along with execution. Further, notification of predetermined information (for example, notification of “being X”) is not limited to being performed explicitly, but may be performed implicitly (for example, by not notifying the predetermined information). may

Software, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or otherwise, includes instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, and software modules. , applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, and the like.

In addition, software, instructions, information, etc. may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, the Software uses wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and/or wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.) to access websites, Wired and/or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission medium when sent from a server or other remote source.

The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may refer to voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any of these. may be represented by a combination of

The terms explained in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, the channel and/or symbols may be signaling. A signal may also be a message. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, or the like.

The terms "system" and "network" used in this disclosure are used interchangeably.

In addition, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. may be represented. For example, radio resources may be indexed.

The names used for the parameters described above are not restrictive names in any respect. Further, the formulas, etc., using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Since the various channels (e.g. PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable designations, the various designations assigned to these various channels and information elements are in no way restrictive designations. isn't it.

In the present disclosure, "base station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", " "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission/reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", " Terms such as "carrier", "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. A base station may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, and the like.

A base station can accommodate one or more (eg, three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, each smaller area corresponding to a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio)). Head: RRH) can also provide communication services.

The term "cell" or "sector" refers to part or all of the coverage area of at least one of a base station and base station subsystem that provides communication services in this coverage.

In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "User Equipment (UE)", "terminal" may be used interchangeably. .

A mobile station is defined by those skilled in the art as subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless It may also be called a terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable term.

At least one of the base station and mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, or the like. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, or the like. The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., car, airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., drone, self-driving car, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned ). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

Also, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a mobile station (user terminal, hereinafter the same). For example, communication between a base station and a mobile station is replaced with communication between multiple mobile stations (for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.) Regarding the configuration, each aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied. In this case, the mobile station may have the functions that the base station has. Also, words such as "up" and "down" may be replaced with words corresponding to inter-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. may be read as side channels.

Similarly, a mobile station in the present disclosure may be read as a base station. In this case, the base station may have the functions that the mobile station has.

A radio frame may consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each frame or frames in the time domain may be referred to as a subframe.

A subframe may further consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may be a fixed time length (eg, 1 ms) independent of numerology.

A numerology may be a communication parameter that applies to the transmission and/or reception of a signal or channel. Numerology, for example, subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, transmission and reception specific filtering operations performed by the receiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain, and/or the like.

A slot may consist of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. A slot may be a unit of time based on numerology.

A slot may contain multiple mini-slots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be referred to as a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) that is transmitted in time units larger than a minislot may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using minislots may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

Radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots and symbols all represent time units when transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots and symbols may be referred to by other corresponding designations.

For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), a plurality of consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, and one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, may be a period shorter than 1ms (eg, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms may be Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, or the like instead of a subframe.

Here, TTI refers to, for example, the minimum scheduling time unit in wireless communication. For example, in the LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal on a TTI basis. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

The TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Note that when a TTI is given, the time interval (for example, the number of symbols) in which transport blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

If one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (that is, one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum scheduling time unit. Also, the number of slots (the number of mini-slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling may be controlled.

A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI (TTI in LTE Rel.8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI that is shorter than a normal TTI may also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a minislot, a subslot, a slot, and so on.

In addition, long TTI (for example, normal TTI, subframe, etc.) may be read as TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTI (for example, shortened TTI, etc.) is less than the TTI length of long TTI and 1 ms. A TTI having a TTI length greater than or equal to this value may be read as a replacement.

A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of neurology, and may be 12, for example. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on neumerology.

Also, the time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may be 1 slot, 1 minislot, 1 subframe, or 1 TTI long. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be configured with one or a plurality of resource blocks.

One or more RBs are physical resource blocks (PRB), sub-carrier groups (SCG), resource element groups (REG), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc. may be called.

Also, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (Resource Element: RE). For example, 1 RE may be a radio resource region of 1 subcarrier and 1 symbol.

A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be called a Bandwidth Part) represents a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a neumerology in a carrier. good. Here, the common RB may be identified by an RB index based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within that BWP.

BWP may include BWP for UL (UL BWP) and BWP for DL (DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured in one carrier for the UE.

At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal/channel outside the active BWP. Note that "cell", "carrier", etc. in the present disclosure may be read as "BWP".

The above structures such as radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots and symbols are only examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of Configurations such as the number of subcarriers and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. can be varied.

The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, It can include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements being "connected" or "coupled." Couplings or connections between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connection" may be read as "access". As used in this disclosure, two elements are defined using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections and, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, in the radio frequency domain. , electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the microwave and optical (both visible and invisible) regions, and the like.

The reference signal can also be abbreviated as Reference Signal (RS), and may also be called Pilot depending on the applicable standard.

The term "based on" as used in this disclosure does not mean "based only on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

"Means" in the configuration of each device described above may be replaced with "unit", "circuit", "device", or the like.

Any reference to elements using the "first", "second", etc. designations used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, reference to a first and second element does not imply that only two elements can be employed therein or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

Where "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are inclusive, as is the term "comprising." is intended. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure is not intended to be an exclusive OR.

In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are plural.

The terms "determining" and "determining" used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Judgement" and "determination" are, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (eg, lookup in a table, database, or other data structure); Also, "judgment" and "determination" are used for receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), input, output, access (accessing) (for example, accessing data in memory) may include deeming that a "judgment" or "decision" has been made. In addition, "judgment" and "decision" are considered to be "judgment" and "decision" by resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. can contain. In other words, "judgment" and "decision" may include considering that some action is "judgment" and "decision". Also, "judgment (decision)" may be read as "assuming", "expecting", "considering", or the like.

In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean that "A and B are different from C". Terms such as "separate," "coupled," etc. may also be interpreted in the same manner as "different."

FIG. 8 shows a configuration example of a vehicle 2001. FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, a vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, It has various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012 and a communication module 2013.

The driving unit 2002 is composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of the engine and the motor.

The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also referred to as a steering wheel), and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2027 provided in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 2010 . The electronic control unit 2010 may be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

The signals from various sensors 2021 to 2028 include the current signal from the current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, the rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels acquired by the rotation speed sensor 2022, and the front wheel acquired by the air pressure sensor 2023. and rear wheel air pressure signal, vehicle speed signal obtained by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signal obtained by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal sensor 2026 obtained by There are a brake pedal depression amount signal, a shift lever operation signal acquired by the shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. acquired by the object detection sensor 2028, and the like.

The information service unit 2012 includes various devices such as car navigation systems, audio systems, speakers, televisions, and radios for providing various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more devices for controlling these devices. It consists of an ECU and The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from an external device via the communication module 2013 and the like to provide passengers of the vehicle 1 with various multimedia information and multimedia services.

Driving support system unit 2030 includes millimeter wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), camera, positioning locator (e.g. GNSS), map information (e.g. high-definition (HD) map, autonomous vehicle (AV) map, etc. ), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving load. and one or more ECUs that control these devices. In addition, the driving support system unit 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013, and realizes a driving support function or an automatic driving function.

The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 1 via communication ports. For example, the communication module 2013 communicates with the vehicle 2001 through a communication port 2033 a driving unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, Data is sent and received between axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-2028.

The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from an external device via wireless communication. Communication module 2013 may be internal or external to electronic control 2010 . The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

The communication module 2013 transmits the current signal from the current sensor input to the electronic control unit 2010 to the external device via wireless communication. In addition, the communication module 2013 receives, from the electronic control unit 2010, the rotation speed signals of the front and rear wheels obtained by the rotation speed sensor 2022, the air pressure signals of the front and rear wheels obtained by the air pressure sensor 2023, and the vehicle speed sensor. 2024, the acceleration signal obtained by the acceleration sensor 2025, the accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by the accelerator pedal sensor 2029, the brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by the brake pedal sensor 2026, the shift lever A shift lever operation signal obtained by the sensor 2027 and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by the object detection sensor 2028 are also transmitted to an external device via wireless communication.

The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle. Communication module 2013 also stores various information received from external devices in memory 2032 available to microprocessor 2031 . Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 controls the driving unit 2002, the steering unit 2003, the accelerator pedal 2004, the brake pedal 2005, the shift lever 2006, the left and right front wheels 2007, and the left and right rear wheels provided in the vehicle 2001. 2008, axle 2009, sensors 2021-2028, etc. may be controlled.

Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in this disclosure. The present disclosure can be practiced with modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Accordingly, the description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes and is not meant to be limiting in any way.

10 Radio communication system 20 NG-RAN
100 Node Bs
200UE
210 radio signal transmission/reception unit 220 amplifier unit 230 modulation/demodulation unit 240 control signal/reference signal processing unit 250 encoding/decoding unit 260 data transmission/reception unit 270 control unit

Claims (4)

1. a control unit that determines a beam by combining a plurality of criteria during beam search;
   A communication device comprising a communication unit that communicates using the beam.
2. 2. The communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of criteria include at least one of received power, a correlation value with other beams, and a fairness value representing fairness between communication partners.
3. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit selects a temporary beam by combining the plurality of criteria, receives feedback of propagation path state information of the temporary beam, and determines a beam from the temporary beams. .
4. the communication device
   determine a beam by combining multiple criteria during beam search,
   A communication method for communicating using the beam.

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