WO2023160419A1 - 一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构 - Google Patents

一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160419A1
WO2023160419A1 PCT/CN2023/075671 CN2023075671W WO2023160419A1 WO 2023160419 A1 WO2023160419 A1 WO 2023160419A1 CN 2023075671 W CN2023075671 W CN 2023075671W WO 2023160419 A1 WO2023160419 A1 WO 2023160419A1
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Prior art keywords
rocker arm
brake
engine
brake rocker
avoidance
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PCT/CN2023/075671
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周鑫
朱汝杰
杨洲
奚正
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上海尤顺汽车技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023160419A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160419A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the mechanical field, in particular to an engine, in particular to an air avoiding mechanism for an engine braking rocker arm.
  • the traditional engine brake is a box-type hydraulic drive mechanism mounted on the engine.
  • a gasket is added between the cylinder and the valve cover, thus additionally increasing the height, weight and cost of the engine.
  • Integrating the engine braking system within the existing components of the engine can reduce the height, weight and cost of the engine.
  • U.S. Cummins Engine (Cummins Engine) company discloses a kind of special-purpose rocker arm braking device by U.S. Patent No. 5,626,116 (1997).
  • a hydraulic brake driving mechanism is arranged in the special brake rocker arm, including a hydraulic piston.
  • the hydraulic piston in the dedicated brake rocker arm When engine braking is not required, the hydraulic piston in the dedicated brake rocker arm is in the retracted position, the dedicated brake rocker arm is separated from the valve, and the movement of the dedicated brake cam is skipped (lost); when engine braking is required, the dedicated brake rocker arm is separated from the valve With the hydraulic piston inside the brake rocker arm in the extended position, the dedicated brake rocker arm transmits the movement of the dedicated brake cam to one of the two exhaust valves, generating engine braking.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,975,251 (1999) discloses a locking device for a special braking rocker arm. When non-braking (ignition), the special braking rocker arm is locked on the rocker shaft, and both ends are suspended in the air. Touch the brake cam and don't touch the brake valve. This locking device was used on the special brake rocker arm of the Cummins ISX engine, but it was found to be unreliable, and the brake rocker arm would sway and shock back and forth during ignition, causing engine damage.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of avoidance mechanism of engine braking rocker arm, and the avoidance mechanism of this kind of engine brake rocker arm should solve the poor reliability of the locking mechanism of engine brake rocker arm in the prior art, brake rocker
  • the arm needs a spring with a large preload and a special bracket, takes up a lot of space, is inconvenient to install, and has high cost, as well as technical problems of unnecessary motion during engine ignition operation, increased frequency of use, and wear and impact.
  • the avoidance mechanism of the engine brake rocker arm of the present invention places the brake rocker arm at the avoidance position avoiding the driving of the engine brake cam, and is characterized in that the avoidance mechanism includes:
  • the gap adjustment mechanism includes a gap adjustment screw, and the gap adjustment screw is arranged in a gap adjustment screw hole on the brake rocker arm.
  • the support mechanism includes a support plate, one end of the support plate is fixed on the body of the engine or the rocker shaft, and the other end of the support plate limits the brake rocker to the evacuation position.
  • the biasing mechanism includes a spring, and the spring biases the brake rocker arm at the evacuation position, so that a gap set by the gap adjustment mechanism is generated between the brake rocker arm and the base circle of the brake cam.
  • the clearance mentioned above is not less than the lift of the brake cam.
  • the brake rocker arm avoidance mechanism of the present invention biases the brake rocker arm at the avoidance position, and is not driven by the brake cam. During the non-braking (ignition) period of the engine, the brake rocker arm does not have any movement, reliability and durability Sex is greatly enhanced.
  • the space-avoiding mechanism of the brake rocker arm of the present invention occupies less space (especially lowers the height), has a compact structure, is easy to install, has a small pre-tightening spring force, and is low in cost.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the brake is in the "open” position (brake piston stretches out) in the avoidance mechanism embodiment of engine brake rocker arm of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the brake in the "off" position (brake piston retraction) in the air-avoiding mechanism embodiment of the engine brake rocker arm of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the brake mechanism of the present invention in the "off" position (brake piston retracted);
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the brake mechanism of the present invention in the "on" position (brake piston extended).
  • the engine brake rocker arm 210 (the engine brake mechanism 100 is housed inside, see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 for details) is arranged on the rocker arm shaft 205 in a swinging manner (the conventional intake and exhaust of the engine
  • the air rocker arm can be placed on the same rocker shaft side by side with the brake rocker arm, not shown here), and one end of the brake rocker arm 210 (here is a roller 235, also can be a push rod mechanism) has a brake cam 230, and the other end Located above the valve 301 of the engine (there is a valve stem cap 405 on the valve stem of the valve 301, the valve bridge 400 is pressed on the valve stem cap 405, and the conventional exhaust rocker acts on the center of the valve bridge 400).
  • the brake rocker arm 210 is driven by the brake cam 230 to swing between the first position ( FIG. 1 ) and the second position ( FIG. 2 ), wherein the brake rocker arm 210 in the first position of FIG.
  • the circle 229 is connected (contacted), and there is a gap 212 between the brake rocker arm 210 of the second position in Fig. high).
  • the avoidance mechanism of the engine brake rocker arm of the present invention includes a gap adjustment mechanism, a support mechanism and a biasing mechanism, wherein the gap adjustment mechanism sets the avoidance position of the brake rocker arm 210, and the support mechanism limits the swing of the brake rocker arm 210 to the avoidance position.
  • the empty position (the second position shown in FIG. 2 ), and the biasing mechanism biases the brake rocker arm 210 in the empty position, allowing it (through the adjustment screw 180 ) to be pressed against the top of the support plate 141 .
  • the support mechanism of the present embodiment includes a support plate 141, one end of the support plate 141 is fixed on the body of the engine (it can be the rocker arm shaft 205, or any parts without relative movement with the body), and the other end limits the brake rocker arm 210. In the avoidance position (Fig. 2).
  • the biasing mechanism of this embodiment is a spring mechanism, which is installed on the brake rocker arm 210, wherein one end of the spring 146 (which can be a spring of other forms such as a leaf spring) is fixed on the brake rocker arm 210 (it can be fixed on the rocker arm Circlips, spring seats and other assembly parts that do not move relative to the rocker arm, considering the factors of loading, unloading and replacement), the other end presses the piston 150 to the bottom of the support plate 141, so that the brake rocker arm 210 (here is fixed on the brake rocker) Adjusting screw (180) on the arm is pressed against the top of support plate 141, and braking rocker arm 210 (here is roller 235) separates with braking cam 230, forms the empty position as shown in Figure 2, and roller 235 and braking cam
  • the gap 212 between 230 is not less than the lift of the brake cam (the height of the brake boss 231).
  • the gap 212 is set by the gap adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting screw 180 of the gap adjusting mechanism is arranged in the screw hole 185 on the brake rocker arm 210 .
  • the spring 146 In the evacuated position of the rocker arm 210, the spring 146 is in a pre-tightened state (there is a certain space 170 between the upper end annular surface 151 of the piston 150 and the inner annular surface 211 on the rocker arm 210, please refer to partially enlarged Figure 3).
  • the working process of the engine brake with the braking rocker arm air-avoiding mechanism of this embodiment is: when the conventional ignition operation (no need for engine braking), the engine braking control mechanism (not shown) disconnects and discharges oil, and the braking mechanism 100 is closed, the brake piston 160 is in the state of upward retraction ( Figure 4), the spring 146 of the biasing mechanism presses the brake rocker arm 210 (through the adjusting screw 180 fixed on the brake rocker arm) against the support plate of the support mechanism 141 above, brake shake The arm 210 (roller 235) is in the empty position, and a gap 212 is generated between the base circle 229 of the brake cam 230 (Fig.
  • the gap 212 is not less than the lift of the brake cam, that is, the height of the brake boss 231) , so that the movement of the brake cam 230 is skipped and cannot be transmitted to the engine valve 301 .
  • the brake rocker arm 210 is in a static state (not driven by the engine brake cam 230 ).
  • Valve movement for engine firing is produced by a conventional valve actuation mechanism (not shown) and is not affected by engine brakes.
  • the engine brake control mechanism (not shown) is turned on to supply oil, the brake mechanism 100 is turned on, the brake piston 160 extends downward (Fig. 5 and Fig. 1), and the valve stem cap 405 is pushed and extended by the valve
  • the released brake piston 160 causes the brake rocker arm 210 to rotate counterclockwise against the force of the spring 146 (the spring 146 is compressed to the working state, and the space 170 becomes larger), and the adjusting screw 180 and the support mechanism fastened on the brake rocker arm 210
  • the support plates 141 are separated to create a gap 234 .
  • the roller 235 is connected (contacted) with the base circle 229 of the braking cam 230 .
  • the movement of the brake cam 230 is transmitted to the engine valve 301 through the rocker arm 210 and the brake mechanism 100 in the operating position in the rocker arm, so as to generate the valve movement required for engine braking.
  • the engine ignition valve movement produced by the conventional valve train (not shown) is always present and does not interfere with the braking valve movement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构，包括间隙调节机构、固定在发动机上的支撑机构和将制动摇臂置于避空位置的偏压机构。间隙调节机构设定制动摇臂的避空位置，即制动摇臂与制动凸轮基圆之间的间隙不小于制动凸轮升程。支撑机构包括支撑板，其一端固定在发动机的机体或摇臂轴上面，另一端支撑制动摇臂。偏压机构包括弹簧，将制动摇臂偏置在避空位置。该避空机构的制动摇臂在发动机非制动运作期间无运动，大大减小了使用频率、机构飞脱、摩擦与冲击，具有高度低、体积小、重量轻、成本低和耐久可靠等优点。

Description

一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构 技术领域:
本发明涉及机械领域，尤其涉及发动机，特别是一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构。
背景技术:
传统的发动机制动器为顶置在发动机上的箱体式液压驱动机构。为了安装此类发动机制动器，在汽缸和阀盖之间要添加垫圈，因此，额外地增加了发动机的高度、重量及成本。上述这些问题是由于将发动机制动系统当作发动机的一个额外的附件，而不是发动机的一个组成部分或集成件所造成的。
将发动机制动系统集成于发动机的现有部件内能够减小发动机的高度、重量及成本。美国康明斯发动机(Cummins Engine)公司通过美国专利第5626116号(1997年)公开了一种专用摇臂制动装置。专用制动摇臂内安置有一种液压式制动驱动机构，包括一个液压活塞。当不需要发动机制动时，专用制动摇臂内的液压活塞处于缩回位置，专用制动摇臂与气门分离，专用制动凸轮的运动被跳过(丢失)；当需要发动机制动时，专用制动摇臂内的液压活塞处于伸出位置，专用制动摇臂将专用制动凸轮的运动传递给两个排气门中的一个，产生发动机制动。
美国专利US 5,975,251(1999年)中公开了一种专用制动摇臂的锁紧装置，在非制动(点火)时，专用制动摇臂被锁紧在摇臂轴上，两端悬空，既不接触制动凸轮，也不碰制动气门。这种锁紧装置被用于康明斯ISX发动机的专用制动摇臂上，但发现其并不可靠，制动摇臂会在点火期间来回晃荡和冲击，造成发动机损坏。
现有的专用摇臂制动器都是利用弹簧将制动摇臂偏置在凸轮上，比如中国实用新型专利CN201666172U中的制动摇臂100由安装在支架126和压板122之间的弹簧124偏压在制动凸轮200上面，因此需要在发动机上增加特殊的弹簧支架，占用较大的空间，安装不方便，而且成本高。由于制动摇臂始终受制动凸轮的驱动(点火和制动期间都运动)，制动摇臂在发动机点火运作期间产生无用运动，大大增加了制动摇臂的使用频率和磨损与冲击。此外，弹簧124必须具有很大的预紧力来维持发动机制动摇臂100在凸轮轴旋转期间一直与凸轮200接触(不飞脱)。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于提供一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构，所述的这种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构要解决现有技术中发动机制动摇臂的锁紧机构的可靠性差、制动摇臂需要预紧力大的弹簧与特殊支架、占用空间大、安装不方便和成本高，以及在发动机点火运作期间产生无用运动、增加使用频率和磨损与冲击的技术问题。
本发明的这种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构，将所述的制动摇臂置于避开发动机制动凸轮驱动的避空位置，其特征在于：所述的避空机构包括：
a)设置所述避空位置的间隙调节机构，
b)固定在发动机上的支撑机构，和
c)将制动摇臂置于所述避空位置的偏压机构。
进一步的，所述的间隙调节机构包括间隙调节螺钉，所述的间隙调节螺钉安置在制动摇臂上的间隙调节螺钉孔内。
进一步的，所述的支撑机构包括支撑板，所述的支撑板的一端固定在发动机的机体或摇臂轴上面，支撑板的另一端将制动摇臂限制在避空位置。
进一步的，所述的偏压机构包括弹簧，所述的弹簧将制动摇臂偏置在避空位置，使制动摇臂与制动凸轮的基圆之间产生由间隙调节机构设置的间隙，所述的间隙不小于制动凸轮的升程。
本发明和已有技术相比，其效果是积极和明显的。本发明的制动摇臂避空机构将制动摇臂偏置在避空位置，不受制动凸轮的驱动，在发动机的非制动(点火)期间，制动摇臂没有任何运动，可靠性和耐久性大大增强。此外，本发明的制动摇臂避空机构占用空间小(特别是降低高度)，结构紧凑，安装方便，预紧弹簧力小，成本低。
附图说明：
图1是本发明的发动机制动摇臂的避空机构实施例中的制动器处于“开”位置(制动活塞伸出)的示意图；
图2是本发明的发动机制动摇臂的避空机构实施例中的制动器处于“关”位置(制动活塞缩回)的示意图；
图3是图2中A的局部放大示意图；
图4是本发明的制动机构处于“关”位置(制动活塞缩回)的示意图；
图5是本发明的制动机构处于“开”位置(制动活塞伸出)的示意图。
具体实施方式：
实施例:
如图1和图2所示，发动机制动摇臂210(内部装有发动机制动机构100，细节请看图4和图5)摆动式地安置在摇臂轴205上(发动机的常规进、排气摇臂可以与制动摇臂并排地安置在同一摇臂轴上，这里未显示)，制动摇臂210的一端(这里是滚轮235，也可以是推杆机构)有制动凸轮230，另一端位于发动机的气门301之上(气门301的阀杆上面有阀杆帽405，气门桥400压在阀杆帽405上面，而常规排气摇臂作用在气门桥400的中央)。制动摇臂210受制动凸轮230的驱动在第一位置(图1)和第二位置(图2)之间摆动，其中图1的第一位置的制动摇臂210与制动凸轮230的基圆229相连(接触)，图2的第二位置的制动摇臂210与制动凸轮230的基圆229之间有一间隙212，间隙212不小于制动凸轮的升程(制动凸台231的高度)。本发明的发动机制动摇臂的避空机构包括间隙调节机构、支撑机构和偏压机构，其中的间隙调节机构设置制动摇臂210的避空位置，支撑机构将制动摇臂210的摆动限制在避空位置(图2所示的第二位置)，而偏压机构将制动摇臂210偏置在避空位置，让其(通过调节螺钉180)压靠在支撑板141的上面。
本实施例的支撑机构包括支撑板141，支撑板141的一端固定在发动机的机体(可以是摇臂轴205，或者与机体无相对运动的任何零部件)上，另一端将制动摇臂210限制在避空位置(图2)。
本实施例的偏压机构为弹簧机构，安装在制动摇臂210上面，其中弹簧146(可以是片弹簧等其它形式的弹簧)的一端固定在制动摇臂210上(可以是固定在摇臂上的卡簧、弹簧座等相对摇臂无运动的装配零部件，考虑装卸替换因素)，另一端将活塞150压靠到支撑板141的下面，使得制动摇臂210(这里是通过固定在制动摇臂上的调节螺钉180)压靠在支撑板141的上面，制动摇臂210(这里是滚轮235)与制动凸轮230分离，形成如图2所示的避空位置，滚轮235与制动凸轮230之间的间隙212不小于制动凸轮的升程(制动凸台231的高度)。间隙212由间隙调节机构设定，间隙调节机构的调节螺钉180安置在制动摇臂210上的螺钉孔185内。在摇臂210的避空位置，弹簧146处于预紧力状态(活塞150的上端环面151与摇臂210上的内圆环面211存在一定空间170，请参照局部放大的图3)。
带有本实施例的制动摇臂避空机构的发动机制动器的工作过程是：在常规点火运作(不需要发动机制动)时，发动机制动控制机构(未显示)断开卸油，制动机构100关闭，制动活塞160处于向上缩回的状态(图4)，偏压机构的弹簧146将制动摇臂210(通过固定在制动摇臂上的调节螺钉180)压靠在支撑机构的支撑板141上面，制动摇 臂210(滚轮235)处于避空位置，与制动凸轮230的基圆229之间产生间隙212(图2，间隙212不小于制动凸轮的升程，也就是制动凸台231的高度)，使得制动凸轮230的运动被跳过，无法传递给发动机气门301。很明显，在整个点火运作期间，制动摇臂210处于静止状态(不受发动机制动凸轮230的驱动)。发动机点火的气门运动由常规气门驱动机构(未显示)产生，不受发动机制动器的影响。
当需要发动机制动时，发动机制动控制机构(未显示)开通供油，制动机构100开启，制动活塞160向下伸出(图5和图1)，气门301推动阀杆帽405和伸出的制动活塞160使制动摇臂210克服弹簧146的作用力反时针转动(弹簧146被压缩到工作状态，空间170变大)，固紧在制动摇臂210上的调节螺钉180与支撑机构的支撑板141分开，产生间隙234。与此同时，滚轮235则与制动凸轮230的基圆229相连(接触)。制动凸轮230的运动通过摇臂210和摇臂内处于操作位置的制动机构100，传递给发动机气门301，产生发动机制动需要的气门运动。当然，由常规气门驱动机构(未显示)产生的发动机点火气门运动始终存在，与制动气门运动互不干涉。
本发明的实施例是对本发明进行说明，而不是对其进行限制。事实上，那些熟悉本行的人可以显易地在本发明的范围和原理内对本发明进行修改和变动。举例来说，一个具体机构所阐明或描述的某一部分功能，可用于另一具体机构，进而得到一个新的机构。实施例中的支撑板和弹簧的位置和连接方式可以不同，比如，支撑板141可以从摇臂210的右侧移动到摇臂210的左侧。此外，摇臂210内的制动机构100也可以是多种多样。还有摇臂除了制动摇臂之外，还可以是其它类型的摇臂，如EGR摇臂。因此，本发明将包括上述修改和变动，只要它们属于所附的权力要求或与所要求权力相当的范围之内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构，将所述的制动摇臂置于避开发动机制动凸轮驱动的避空位置，其特征在于：所述的避空机构包括：
    a)设置所述避空位置的间隙调节机构，
    b)固定在发动机上的支撑机构，和
    c)将制动摇臂置于所述避空位置的偏压机构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的发动机制动摇臂的避空机构，其特征在于：所述的间隙调节机构包括间隙调节螺钉，所述的间隙调节螺钉安置在制动摇臂上的间隙调节螺钉孔内。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的发动机制动摇臂的避空机构，其特征在于：所述的支撑机构包括支撑板，所述的支撑板的一端固定在发动机的机体或摇臂轴上面，支撑板的另一端将制动摇臂限制在避空位置。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的发动机制动摇臂的避空机构，其特征在于：所述的偏压机构包括弹簧，所述的弹簧将制动摇臂偏置在避空位置，使制动摇臂与制动凸轮的基圆之间产生由间隙调节机构设置的间隙，所述的间隙不小于制动凸轮的升程。
PCT/CN2023/075671 2022-02-22 2023-02-13 一种发动机制动摇臂的避空机构 WO2023160419A1 (zh)

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CN1991136A (zh) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-04 雅各布斯车辆系统公司 用于部分循环排放制动的方法和系统
CN102102559A (zh) * 2011-03-10 2011-06-22 奚勇 一种压缩释放型发动机制动方法和装置
CN102235202A (zh) * 2010-05-05 2011-11-09 上海尤顺汽车部件有限公司 发动机制动器定位控制方法及定位机构
CN105143615A (zh) * 2013-03-15 2015-12-09 康明斯公司 压缩卸荷制动复位机构
CN216841863U (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-06-28 上海尤顺汽车技术有限公司 一种发动机的摇臂定位装置
CN115992745A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2023-04-21 上海尤顺汽车技术有限公司 一种发动机的摇臂定位装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001289021A (ja) * 2000-04-04 2001-10-19 Hino Motors Ltd 圧縮圧開放型エンジンブレーキ
CN1991136A (zh) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-04 雅各布斯车辆系统公司 用于部分循环排放制动的方法和系统
CN102235202A (zh) * 2010-05-05 2011-11-09 上海尤顺汽车部件有限公司 发动机制动器定位控制方法及定位机构
CN102102559A (zh) * 2011-03-10 2011-06-22 奚勇 一种压缩释放型发动机制动方法和装置
CN105143615A (zh) * 2013-03-15 2015-12-09 康明斯公司 压缩卸荷制动复位机构
CN216841863U (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-06-28 上海尤顺汽车技术有限公司 一种发动机的摇臂定位装置
CN115992745A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2023-04-21 上海尤顺汽车技术有限公司 一种发动机的摇臂定位装置

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