WO2023156738A1 - Liant comprenant des cendres de biomasse carbonatées - Google Patents
Liant comprenant des cendres de biomasse carbonatées Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023156738A1 WO2023156738A1 PCT/FR2023/050207 FR2023050207W WO2023156738A1 WO 2023156738 A1 WO2023156738 A1 WO 2023156738A1 FR 2023050207 W FR2023050207 W FR 2023050207W WO 2023156738 A1 WO2023156738 A1 WO 2023156738A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- binder
- cement
- carbonated
- biomass ash
- ash
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011412 natural cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 62
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000537371 Fraxinus caroliniana Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000181980 Fraxinus excelsior Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010891 Ptelea trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- WZISDKTXHMETKG-UHFFFAOYSA-H dimagnesium;dipotassium;trisulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WZISDKTXHMETKG-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CVPJXKJISAFJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-A nonacalcium;magnesium;hydrogen phosphate;iron(2+);hexaphosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Fe+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CVPJXKJISAFJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- LBYKSDNDLCSHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-L pentacalcium;carbonate;disilicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] LBYKSDNDLCSHIR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052889 tremolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052591 whitlockite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/26—Carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
- C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is new binders with a low carbon balance comprising carbonated biomass ashes as well as the building materials prepared from said binders.
- binders in particular hydraulic binders, and in particular that of cements, essentially consists of calcining a mixture of judiciously chosen and dosed raw materials, also referred to by the term “raw”. Firing this cru gives an intermediate product, clinker, which, ground with calcium sulphate and any mineral additions, will give cement.
- the type of cement manufactured depends on the nature and proportions of the raw materials as well as the firing process. There are several types of cement: Portland cements (which represent the vast majority of cements produced in the world), aluminous cements (or calcium aluminate), natural quick cements, sulpho-aluminous cements, cements sulpho-belitic and other intermediate varieties.
- Portland type cements are obtained from Portland clinker, obtained after clinkering at a temperature of around 1450°C of a raw material rich in calcium carbonate in a kiln.
- the production of one tonne of Portland clinker is accompanied by the emission of large quantities of CO2 (approximately 0.8 to 0.9 tonnes of CO2 per tonne of cement in the case of a clinker).
- decarbonation is a chemical reaction that takes place when limestone, the main raw material for the manufacture of Portland cement, is heated at high temperature. The limestone is then transformed into quicklime and CO2 according to the following chemical reaction:
- the described process involves using recycled concrete fines comprising supplying recycled concrete fines with dgo 1000 ⁇ m to stockpiles or a silo as a feedstock, rinsing the feedstock to provide carbonaceous material, removing of the carbonaceous material and the cleaned exhaust, and the deagglomeration of the carbonaceous material to form the additional cementitious material, as well as the use of stockpiles or a silo containing a feedstock of recycled concrete fines with dgo 1000 pm for the cleaning of CO2-containing exhaust gases and the simultaneous production of additional cementitious material.
- this process requires the carbonated product to be dried before it can be used.
- Biomass ash i.e. ash obtained from the combustion of biomass such as wood, so-called annual plants, agricultural residues, paper and sludge from wastewater treatment plants (or sludge from STEP ) are valued through their use in different fields.
- biomass ash is used in particular to stabilize foundation soils, for the treatment of liquid effluents or even as a secondary raw material in ceramic products or as a mineral filler in bituminous coating.
- the carbonation of biomass ashes allows their use as a cement additive without this reducing the workability of the cement or concrete finally prepared.
- the carbonated biomass ashes do not behave like simple fillers but participate in the increase in performance of the binder, which makes it possible to significantly increase the rate of substitution of said binder in comparison with conventional filler, thus making it possible to significantly reduce the carbon footprint of the construction material finally prepared while maintaining mechanical properties, and in particular medium and long-term compressive strengths compatible with intended uses.
- carbonated biomass ash as a cementitious substitute therefore makes it possible to lower the carbon footprint associated with the production of the construction material not only by the capture of CO2 by the biomass ash, but also by the significant reduction in the quantity of clinker to be produced to obtain said building material.
- the subject of the present invention is a binder comprising at least 1% of carbonated biomass ash.
- carbonated biomass ashes in the binders of the invention makes it possible to significantly increase the rate of substitution of cement in comparison with conventional fillers, and therefore to significantly lower the carbon footprint of the construction material finally prepared from said binder, and while maintaining workability and mechanical properties, and in particular medium and long-term compressive strengths compatible with the uses envisaged.
- biomass ash means any mainly basic residue from the combustion of various organic plant materials, natural and non-fossil such as wood, so-called annual plants, agricultural residues, paper and sludge from wastewater treatment plants (or WWTP sludge) containing less than 11% total carbon, less than 4% inorganic carbon, and at least 1% Na2 ⁇ D equivalent.
- the biomass ashes additionally contain at least one of the following phases: whitlockite, hydroxyapatite, tremolite and/or tricalcium phosphate;
- carbonated biomass ash means any biomass ash which, after having been brought into contact with a gas stream enriched in CO2, retains part of it and contains more than 4% of inorganic carbon;
- aluminous cement means any cement, amorphous or not, obtained by firing a mixture of limestone and bauxite and containing at least 5% CA monocalcium aluminate;
- prompt natural cement means any hydraulic binder with rapid setting and hardening in accordance with standard NF P 15-314: 1993 in force on the date of the present invention.
- “prompt natural cement” designates a cement prepared from a clinker comprising: from 0% to 20% of C 3 S; from 40% to 60% of C 2 S; from 7% to 12% of C 4 AF; from 2% to 10% of C 3 A; from 10% to 15% CaCOs (calcite); from 10% to 15% of Cas(SiO 4 )2CO3 (spurrite); from 3% to 10% of sulphate phases: yeelimite C 4 A3$, langbeinite (K2Mg2(SO 4 )3, anhydrite (CaSO 4 ); and from 10% to 20% of lime, periclase, quartz and/or a or more amorphous phases;
- Portland cement means any Portland clinker-based cement classified as CEM (I, II, III, IV or V) according to standard NF EN 197-1;
- sulfoaluminous cement means any cement prepared from a sulfoaluminous clinker containing from 5% to 90% of 'yeelimite' C 4 A3$ phase, from a source of sulfate, and, optionally, a limestone addition;
- binder means any hydraulic or acali-activated binder
- activated alkali binder means any aggregate-free mixture composed of a mineral precursor (generally blast furnace slag or metakaolins) and an alkaline activator. If the precursor is a calcined clay powder, the alactiactive binder is then referred to as “geopolymer”.
- hydroaulic binder means any binder free of aggregates which reacts with water to form new phases called hydrates, such as for example a cement;
- loss on ignition means the cumulative content of bound water, organic matter, CO2 of carbonates (calcareous loads and carbonated part of the material) and any oxidizable elements.
- the loss on ignition is determined by calcination in air at a temperature of (950 +/- 25°C) according to the method described in standard NF EN 196-2 (classification index P 15-472) - Methods of cement testing - Part 2: Chemical analysis of cements; And
- construction material means mortar or concrete.
- mineralogical components of the cement
- - C represents CaO
- - A represents Al2O3
- the "inorganic carbon content” or “TIC” corresponds to the quantity (% w/w) of inorganic carbon contained in an entity (e.g carbonated biomass ash) relative to the total weight of said entity (e.g. said carbonated biomass ash).
- CHS Carbon Hydrogen Sulfur
- CT TOC+C+TIC
- the proportions expressed in % correspond to mass percentages relative to the total weight of the entity (eg clinker or cement) considered.
- the present invention therefore relates to a binder comprising at least 1% of carbonated biomass ash.
- the subject of the present invention is a binder as defined above having the following characteristics, chosen alone or in combination: the binder contains at least 5% of carbonated biomass ash; preferably the binder contains at least 6% carbonated biomass ash; more preferably the binder contains at least 7% carbonated biomass ash; more preferably the binder contains at least 8% carbonated biomass ash; more preferably the binder contains at least 9% carbonated biomass ash; most preferably, the binder contains at least 10% carbonated biomass ash; the binder contains up to 45% carbonated biomass ash; preferably the binder contains up to 40% carbonated biomass ash; most preferably, the binder contains up to 35% carbonated biomass ash; carbonated biomass ash contains at least 4.5% inorganic carbon; preferably the carbonated biomass ash contains at least 5% inorganic carbon; most preferably, the carbonated biomass ash contains at least 5.5% inorganic carbon; the binder contains 15% to 99% hydraulic binder or alkali-activated binder; preferably the binder contains
- the binder according to the present invention can be prepared according to any process known to those skilled in the art.
- the binder according to the present invention can in particular be prepared by simple mixing in a grinder or a mixer of a hydraulic binder or an alkali-activated binder with the carbonated biomass ashes, or else by mixing in a grinder or mixer a clinker, gypsum (and optionally limestone filler or any known additive) and carbonated biomass ash.
- the carbonated biomass ashes can be obtained according to any method known to those skilled in the art.
- a process for the preparation of carbonated biomass ash comprising the following steps: introduction of the biomass ash into a reactor of the rotating drum, mixer, container or fluidized bed type; bringing the ashes into contact with a source of CO2 such as exhaust gases from a cement works or a thermal power plant; and recovering the carbonated biomass ash obtained.
- the binder according to the present invention can be used to prepare a building material.
- the present invention also relates to a construction material comprising a binder as defined previously.
- Different carbonated biomass ashes are obtained by placing a mixture of approximately 250 g of ashes obtained by combustion of different biomasses and 15% by mass of water ashes in a hermetically sealed bowl which is itself fixed on the base of a heated mixing robot.
- compositions and characteristics of the biomass ashes used (Ashes 1 to 4) before carbonation are reported in Table 1 below, in comparison with the composition and characteristics of the fly ashes (non-carbonated) usually used in the cement industry.
- the reactor is equipped with a cup containing water to regulate the relative humidity in the reactor.
- the temperature of the bowl is maintained at 55°C.
- the cover of the bowl is equipped with 2 orifices which allow the injection of a gas and its evacuation.
- the gas is injected for a mixing time of 1 hour and consists of 100% CO 2 .
- the thus carbonated biomass ash has the following characteristics (Table 2), in comparison with non-carbonated biomass ash.
- a reference Portland cement of class CEM I 52.5 R is mixed with different quantities of non-carbonated or carbonated ash from example 1.
- compositions of binders 2 to 5 (binders according to the invention) and 6 to 9 (binders prepared from non-carbonated ashes) thus obtained are reported in Tables 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 below.
- a spreading measurement was carried out in accordance with standard EN 1015-3 on 3 mortars manufactured according to standard 196-1 by mixing 450g of binder 1, 4 or 8, 1350g of sand and 225g of water.
- the compressive strength of the binders obtained in example 2 was measured on prismatic specimens of standardized mortar (4x4x16cm3), at different times (1, 2, 7 and 28 days) according to standard EN 196-1.
- binders according to the invention i.e. binders 4 and 5
- binders 4 and 5 have acceptable performances with regard to those observed for the reference CEM I at all deadlines. We thus note a maintenance of mechanical performance in the short, medium and long term at an acceptable level.
- coal-type fly ashes whose composition is reported in Table 1 are carbonated according to the protocol of Example 1.
- Binder 10 is obtained by mixing a reference Portland cement of class CEM I 52.5 R with the carbonated ash thus obtained in a proportion (% w/w) 75/25.
- the binder 11 is obtained by carbonation according to the protocol of Example 1 of a 75/25 (% w/w) mixture of a reference Portland cement of the CEM I 52.5 R class with the ashes of paper n °4 of Example 1 (non-carbonated ash). 5.3 - Comparative results
- binder 11 The workability of binder 11 is evaluated according to the protocol of example 3.
- the mortar prepared from binder 11 is too dry and therefore has no spreading, making it impossible to use.
- the compressive strengths of binders prepared from fly ash from coal combustion are significantly lower than the compressive strengths of binders prepared from carbonated biomass ash at 2, 7 and 28 days.
- the results obtained for binder 11 are extremely low (loss of more than 50% in performance compared to the 100% Portland reference) and render this binder unusable.
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WO2017000075A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Carboncure Technologies Inc. | Cendres volantes carbonatées en tant que produit de remplacement de ciment |
WO2019115722A1 (fr) | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | Heidelbergcement Ag | Procédé pour réaliser de manière simultanée le nettoyage de gaz d'échappement et la fabrication de matériau cimentaire supplémentaire |
JP2021155270A (ja) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-10-07 | 株式会社フジタ | 建設材料の製造方法 |
JP2021155720A (ja) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-10-07 | 株式会社パイロットコーポレーション | 油性ボールペン |
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WO2017000075A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Carboncure Technologies Inc. | Cendres volantes carbonatées en tant que produit de remplacement de ciment |
WO2019115722A1 (fr) | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | Heidelbergcement Ag | Procédé pour réaliser de manière simultanée le nettoyage de gaz d'échappement et la fabrication de matériau cimentaire supplémentaire |
JP2021155720A (ja) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-10-07 | 株式会社パイロットコーポレーション | 油性ボールペン |
JP2021155270A (ja) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-10-07 | 株式会社フジタ | 建設材料の製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
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HILLS COLIN D. ET AL: "Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO2", vol. 10, no. 1, 1 December 2020 (2020-12-01), XP055958424, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-70504-1.pdf> [retrieved on 20220907], DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70504-1 * |
HILLS COLIN ET AL.: "Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO", SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 10, no. 1, 1 December 2020 (2020-12-01), XP055958424, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70504-1 |
IVANA CAREVIC ET AL.: "Corrélation between physical and chemical properties of wood biomass ash and cement composites performances", CONSTRUCTION AND BUILING MATERIALS, vol. 256, 30 September 2020 (2020-09-30), pages 119450 |
REN PENGFEI ET AL: "CO2 pretreatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and its feasible use as supplementary cementitious material", vol. 424, 1 February 2022 (2022-02-01), AMSTERDAM, NL, pages 127457, XP055958530, ISSN: 0304-3894, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389421024250/pdfft?md5=b050446b3f775c4143f30c58d265516e&pid=1-s2.0-S0304389421024250-main.pdf> DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127457 * |
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