WO2023151273A1 - 一种换流变压器的保温方法和系统 - Google Patents

一种换流变压器的保温方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023151273A1
WO2023151273A1 PCT/CN2022/118660 CN2022118660W WO2023151273A1 WO 2023151273 A1 WO2023151273 A1 WO 2023151273A1 CN 2022118660 W CN2022118660 W CN 2022118660W WO 2023151273 A1 WO2023151273 A1 WO 2023151273A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter transformer
oil
transformer body
filter unit
heat preservation
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PCT/CN2022/118660
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张灵利
杨涛
张君
苟晓侃
甘生霖
于昊
朱雪莲
王永明
Original Assignee
青海送变电工程有限公司
国网青海省电力公司
国家电网有限公司
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Application filed by 青海送变电工程有限公司, 国网青海省电力公司, 国家电网有限公司 filed Critical 青海送变电工程有限公司
Publication of WO2023151273A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023151273A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/022—Encapsulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/008—Details of transformers or inductances, in general with temperature compensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of direct current transmission, in particular to a heat preservation method and system for a converter transformer.
  • the converter transformer is the core equipment of the DC transmission project, and together with the converter valve, it forms the "heart" of the converter station - the converter station.
  • the main function of the converter transformer is to convert and transform 750 kV AC power into ⁇ 800 kV DC power to realize long-distance, large-scale, high-efficiency and low-loss transmission of clean energy.
  • the converter transformer As one of the most important equipment in the converter station, the converter transformer is characterized by large volume, heavy tonnage, high requirements on the surrounding environment, many installation processes, and a high degree of difficulty in positioning; these characteristics lead to the entire installation process of the converter transformer. It is necessary to carry out many tasks such as unloading the main body into the station, installing accessories, pulling in place, vacuuming, vacuum oiling, hot oil circulation, standing still and testing. After the high-end converter transformer and its on-site accessories are installed, its overall length, width, and height are more than 10 meters, and its total weight can reach more than 560 tons.
  • the invention provides a heat preservation method and system for a converter transformer, aiming at solving the problem in the prior art that the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body is difficult to reach the specified technical index when the external environment temperature is low.
  • the present invention proposes a heat preservation system for a converter transformer, including:
  • Double-layer thermal insulation material coated on the outer surface of the converter transformer body are Double-layer thermal insulation material coated on the outer surface of the converter transformer body; among them,
  • Double-layer insulation includes:
  • the first fireproof insulation cotton wrapped on the outer surface of the converter transformer body and,
  • the sealed heat preservation shed includes:
  • the steel structure frame encapsulated on the outside of the fireproof insulation cotton
  • a steel grid structure connected to the steel structure frame and placed close to the ground;
  • the insulation system of the converter transformer further includes:
  • the insulation system of the converter transformer also includes:
  • the heat preservation system of the converter transformer further includes a series vacuum oil filter unit connected to the converter transformer body, and the series vacuum oil filter unit includes:
  • a vacuum pump connected to the air outlet of the converter transformer body
  • the first oil injection tank, the first oil filter unit, the second oil injection tank and the second oil filter unit are connected in series in sequence, and the second oil filter unit is also connected with the oil tank of the converter transformer body.
  • the insulation system of the converter transformer also includes:
  • a dedicated thermal shed that wraps around the tandem oil filter unit, hot air blower and dry air generator.
  • the thermal insulation system of the converter transformer further includes a thermal oil circulation unit connected to the converter transformer body, and the thermal oil circulation unit includes:
  • the third oil filter unit communicated with the oil tank of the converter transformer body through the first hot oil pipeline and the first cold oil pipeline;
  • a fourth oil filter connected to the oil tank of the converter transformer body through the second hot oil pipeline and the second cold oil pipeline;
  • the third oil filter unit and the fourth oil filter unit are connected in parallel.
  • the heat preservation system of the converter transformer further includes a low-frequency heating device connected to the converter transformer body, and the low-frequency heating device includes:
  • the low-voltage power supply, transformer, variable frequency power supply and heated transformer windings connected in sequence;
  • the heated transformer winding is arranged inside the converter transformer body.
  • the thermal insulation system of the converter transformer, the heated transformer winding includes:
  • valve side winding is inductively connected to the grid side winding, and the valve side winding is grounded through a short-circuit cable.
  • the present invention also provides a heat preservation method for a converter transformer, comprising:
  • the thermal insulation scheme of the converter transformer achieves the effect of double-layer thermal insulation by coating the outer surface of the converter transformer body with double-layer thermal insulation materials, specifically by directly coating the first thermal insulation material on the outer surface of the converter transformer body
  • the fireproof insulation cotton can directly isolate the external cold air and keep warm; and a sealed insulation shed is set outside the fireproof insulation cotton.
  • the insulation shed is sealed and can directly isolate the external cold air.
  • the layer insulation material can also reduce the heat loss of the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body is difficult to reach the specified technical index when the external environment temperature is low.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a heat preservation system of a converter transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the sealed heat preservation shed of the first converter transformer provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sealed heat preservation shed of the second converter transformer provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a series vacuum oil filter unit provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a thermal oil circulation unit provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a low-frequency heating device provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7 is a wiring diagram of a low-frequency heating device provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a heat preservation method for a converter transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Second cold oil pipeline 1305 Second cold oil pipeline 1306 Fourth oil filter 1401 low voltage power supply 1402 transformer 1403 Frequency Power 1404 heated transformer winding 14041 Grid side winding 14042 Valve side winding 14043 short circuit cable the the
  • connection and “fixation” should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, “fixation” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body;” “Connection” can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • fixation can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body
  • Connection can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat preservation system for a converter transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the insulation system of the converter transformer includes:
  • Converter transformer body 1 as shown in Figure 1, usually the length, width and height of the high-end converter transformer body 1 can reach more than 10 meters, and the total weight can reach more than 560 tons; and usually the converter transformer body 1 is set In an environment with high altitude and low temperature, the thermal insulation protection of the converter transformer body 1 and its internal components is very important.
  • the double-layer insulation material 2 includes: first fireproof insulation cotton 201 coated on the outer surface of the converter transformer body 1; the first fireproof insulation cotton 201 is wrapped on the outer surface of the converter transformer body 1, and the first fireproof The insulation cotton 201 is made of soft material and can be placed close to the converter transformer body 1 , so that the heat emitted by the converter transformer body 1 is not easily lost, thereby achieving the effect of heat preservation on the converter transformer body 1 .
  • the sealed insulation shed 202 that is encapsulated on the outside of the fireproof insulation cotton.
  • the airtight insulation shed 202 is encapsulated on the outside of the fireproof insulation cotton, and since the airtight insulation shed 202 is sealed, the airtight insulation shed 202 can isolate the external cold air, so that there is an insulating insulation layer between the converter transformer body 1 and the external air. In this way, even if the temperature of the external environment is low, the double-layer insulation material 2 can also reduce the heat loss of the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body 1 .
  • the thermal insulation system of the converter transformer achieves the effect of double-layer thermal insulation by coating the outer surface of the converter transformer body 1 with double-layer thermal insulation material 2, specifically by directly wrapping the outer surface of the converter transformer body 1 Covering the first fireproof insulation cotton 201 directly plays the effect of isolating the external cold air and keeping warm; and the outer side of the fireproof insulation cotton is provided with a sealed insulation shed 202, which is sealed and can directly isolate the external cold air, so that even if the external ambient temperature Low, the double-layer insulation material 2 can also reduce the heat loss of the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body 1, thereby solving the problem that the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body 1 is difficult to reach when the external environment temperature is low in the prior art The problem of the specified technical indicators.
  • the sealed insulation shed 202 includes:
  • the windproof canvas layer 2022 covering the steel structure frame 2021 by covering the windproof canvas layer 2022 can reduce the gas flow in the steel structure frame 2021 , thereby reducing the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • a steel grid structure 2023 connected to the steel structure frame 2021 and placed close to the ground;
  • the second fireproof insulation cotton 2024 covering the steel grid structure 2023 .
  • the heat lost by the converter transformer body 1 along the ground can be further reduced, thereby achieving the protection of the converter transformer body 1. Insulation effect.
  • the heat dissipation efficiency can be reduced by covering the windproof canvas layer 2022 on the steel structure frame 2021, and a steel grid structure 2023 connected to the steel structure frame 2021 and placed close to the ground is provided.
  • the entire converter transformer body 1 can be sealed, and the second fireproof insulation cotton 2024 is laid on the steel grid structure 2023, which can further reduce the heat lost by the converter transformer body 1 along the ground, so as to achieve the protection of the converter transformer body 1. Insulation effect.
  • the heat preservation system of the converter transformer also includes:
  • Industrial heaters 3 are arranged between the steel structure frame 2021 and the converter transformer body 1, specifically, four 30kW industrial heaters 3 are arranged at the four corners inside the box-in steel structure frame 2021, inside the steel structure frame 2021 10 sets of 2kW electric heaters 4 are arranged on both sides of the shed to continuously increase the temperature to ensure that the temperature in the shed is maintained at 25-30 degrees Celsius.
  • the air between the steel structure frame 2021 and the converter transformer body 1 can be heated by setting the industrial heater 3 and the electric heater, thereby reducing the heat loss of the converter transformer body 1 and improving the heat preservation efficiency of the converter transformer body 1 .
  • the insulation system of the converter transformer provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • the insulating rubber layer 8 covering the outer surface of the oil injection pipe 5, the hot oil pipe 6 and the exhaust pipe 7 of the metal hose material.
  • the oil injection pipeline 5, the hot oil pipeline 6 and the exhaust pipeline 7 are all made of metal hose materials, which can reduce the heat loss efficiency, and the above metal hose materials
  • the outer layers are covered with thermal insulation rubber layer 8, which can reduce the heat loss efficiency of oil and gas during transmission.
  • oil injection pipes, vacuum pump 901 (dry gas generator) and gas injection pipes have hidden dangers of freezing and cracking, which may easily lead to large-scale air and oil leakage on site, so all oil pipes and air pipes are in the form of metal hoses; in addition, thermal insulation rubber is used The material fully wraps the metal hose to avoid accidents in severe cold weather.
  • the heat preservation system of the converter transformer provided by the embodiment of the present application also includes a series vacuum oil filter unit 9 connected with the converter transformer body 1; the series vacuum oil filter unit 9 By setting up two oil filling tanks and two oil filter machines, the purpose of twice low-frequency heating can be achieved.
  • the series vacuum oil filter unit 9 includes:
  • a vacuum pump 901 connected to the gas outlet of the converter transformer body 1; the vacuum pump 901 is connected to the gas outlet of the oil tank 101 of the converter transformer body 1, so that the oil tank 101 can be extracted into a vacuum state, so that oil can be injected through the vacuum adsorption effect .
  • the first oil injection tank 902 , the first oil filter unit 903 , the second oil injection tank 904 and the second oil filter unit 905 are connected in series in sequence, and the second oil filter unit 905 is also in communication with the oil tank 101 of the converter transformer body 1 .
  • the oil injection operation of the converter transformer 1402 is carried out by using the oil injection method of two machines and two tanks.
  • the air in the oil tank 101 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 901, so that the oil is absorbed by the vacuum adsorption effect, and specifically through sequentially connected in series.
  • the first oil injection tank 902 , the first oil filter unit 903 , the second oil injection tank 904 and the second oil filter unit 905 sequentially inject oil into the oil tank 101 of the converter transformer body 1 .
  • the oil purifiers are equipped with heating devices such as heating rods, the purpose of heating twice can be achieved by connecting the oil purifiers in series. In this way, two oil purifiers and two oil filling tanks are used to replace the original one.
  • the construction method of directly injecting oil into an oil filter machine can finally increase the oil injection temperature to 60°C.
  • the insulation system of the converter transformer provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • Hot air blower 10 and dry air generator 11 are Hot air blower 10 and dry air generator 11;
  • the special heat preservation shed 12 is wrapped on the series oil filter unit, the hot air blower 10 and the drying generator, which can reduce the heat loss of the above-mentioned devices.
  • the oil filter unit and the vacuum pump 901 in the series oil filter unit, the above-mentioned dry air generator 11 and the hot air blower 10 are wired for use during on-site construction, and the heat preservation shed Use electric heater 4, hot air blower etc. to carry out heating, can guarantee the normal operation of above-mentioned machinery.
  • the thermal insulation system of the converter transformer provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a thermal oil circulation unit 13 connected to the converter transformer body 1, and the thermal oil circulation unit 13 includes:
  • a third oil filter unit 1303 communicating with the oil tank 101 of the converter transformer body 1 through the first hot oil pipeline 1301 and the first cold oil pipeline 1302;
  • the fourth oil filter unit 1306 communicated with the oil tank 101 of the converter transformer body 1 through the second hot oil pipeline 1304 and the second cold oil pipeline 1305;
  • the third oil filter unit 1303 and the fourth oil filter unit 1306 are connected in parallel.
  • the thermal oil circulation unit 13 adopts a large-scale high-vacuum oil filter unit with an oil processing capacity of 20,000 L/h, as the third oil filter unit 1303 for thermal oil circulation , the heating power of the heater of the third oil filter unit 1303 is 216kW.
  • a spare oil filter unit that is, the above-mentioned fourth oil filter unit 1306 is used; if the heating effect is not good, use Two oil purifiers are used in parallel to speed up the temperature rise.
  • the heating power of a single heater in the 20000L/h vacuum oil filter unit is 210kW
  • the heating power of a single heater in the 12000L/h high vacuum oil filter unit is 180kW
  • the total heating power of the two heaters is 390kW.
  • the heat preservation system of the converter transformer provided in the above embodiment also includes a low-frequency heating device 14 connected to the converter transformer body 1, as shown in Figure 6, which is the embodiment shown in Figure 1
  • the structure diagram of the low-frequency heating device provided, the low-frequency heating device 14 includes:
  • the heated transformer winding 1404 is arranged inside the converter transformer body 1 .
  • Transformer 1402 low-frequency heating is an internal heating method, which uses the resistance of the winding to pass current to generate heat.
  • Select an appropriate side winding usually a low-voltage or medium-voltage winding
  • Apply an ultra-low frequency (0.01-1Hz) voltage to the other side winding usually a high-voltage winding
  • Both generate induced current, and heat is generated on the resistance of the winding, as shown in Figure X for details.
  • the short-circuit impedance value of the transformer 1402 is very small (usually much smaller than the value at power frequency, because the value of the leakage reactance component in the impedance is proportional to the frequency and decreases sharply compared to the power frequency).
  • the short-circuit impedance is dominated by the resistive component and the inductive component is almost negligible (accounting for less than 1/3 of the resistive component).
  • the circuit is almost purely resistive (actually still weakly inductive), and the resistance value is very high. Small, a large current can be obtained for heating by applying a very low voltage, so the intermediate step-up test transformer 1402 is not needed.
  • the small inductive component of the circuit compared with the traditional power frequency test conditions, a large number of compensation devices (mainly capacitors) can be omitted.
  • the internal temperature of the wire package is high, and the insulation drying treatment quality is good; the heating space is large and the heat is uniform, the heating efficiency is high, and the heating time is greatly shortened, which can significantly speed up the insulation drying treatment of the transformer 1402 process (hot oil circulation), shorten the on-site installation and construction period of the transformer 1402, and improve work efficiency.
  • FIG. 7 is a wiring diagram of a low-frequency heating device provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the heated transformer winding 1404 includes:
  • grid-side winding 14041 electrically connected to variable frequency power supply 1403, and,
  • the valve-side winding 14042 is inductively connected to the grid-side winding 14041 , and the valve-side winding 14042 is grounded through a short-circuit cable 14043 .
  • the negative limit tap 31 of the grid side winding of the converter transformer can be selected to obtain a relatively large heating power, so the 31 gear of the grid side winding tap is used for low frequency Heat test.
  • the heating wiring mode of pressurizing on the network side and short-circuiting on the valve side can be selected to achieve good impedance matching with the low-frequency heating device 14.
  • the low-frequency heating power supply is obtained from the 400V low-voltage power distribution room, and the output is connected to the grid side sleeve of the converter transformer body 1 On the tube and neutral point terminals, the two sleeves of the valve side winding 14042 are short-circuited.
  • the technical solution provided by this application has been applied in the ⁇ 800 kV converter station project, which has improved the installation quality of the converter transformer, shortened the installation period of the converter transformer, and not only realized the on-site installation of the high-end converter transformer in winter
  • the progress is controllable, the quality level is significantly improved, the working environment is greatly improved, and labor costs are saved, which has significant technical advantages and economic benefits.
  • the thermal insulation effect and economic benefits of the double thermal insulation method are better than that of building a large thermal insulation shed.
  • the converter smoothly passed the oil sample test.
  • the hot oil circulation method mainly used still has the disadvantages of low efficiency and long processing time, especially in low temperature environment, limited by the power of equipment, it cannot achieve the expected heating target, which affects the effect of insulation treatment.
  • the power of the low-frequency heating device 14 can reach up to 1250kW at most, and heats from the inside of the equipment by using the short-circuit loss of the winding, thereby improving the heating efficiency.
  • the thermal insulation system of the converter transformer provided by the technical solution of this application has been applied in the ⁇ 800 kV converter station project, and the on-site installation of 12 high-end converter transformers in winter has been completed, which not only improves the installation quality of the converter transformer, but also The installation period of converter transformers has been shortened, and winter installation of converter transformers under harsh climate conditions such as plateau winter low temperature and low pressure has been realized, which has laid a solid foundation for ensuring construction quality, improving work efficiency and saving costs.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also proposes a heat preservation method for the converter transformer, which is used to realize the functions of the above-mentioned system of the present invention. Since the problem-solving principle of the system embodiment is similar to that of the system, it has at least All the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a heat preservation method for a converter transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, the insulation method of the converter transformer includes the following steps:
  • S120 Use industrial heaters and electric heaters to heat the converter transformer body
  • S140 Use the thermal oil circulation unit to perform thermal oil circulation treatment on the converter transformer body
  • Vacuum should be kept during the whole process of oil injection, and the temperature of the injected oil should be higher than that of the body.
  • the oil injection speed is controlled at 4t/h ⁇ 6t/h.
  • Vacuum oil filling work should not be carried out in rainy and foggy days to prevent water and moisture from entering the oil tank when the seal is not good.
  • the converter transformer needs to be heated with oil circulation.
  • the oil pipe should be vacuumed to clean the air in the oil pipe.
  • the oil in the cooler and the oil in the main body of the oil tank should be heated Oil circulation, the total amount of circulating oil is ⁇ 3 times the total amount of converter transformer oil and must not be less than 48 hours.
  • the standing time should not be less than 96h.
  • the insulation method of the converter transformer achieves the effect of double-layer insulation by coating the outer surface of the converter transformer body with double-layer insulation materials.
  • the fireproof insulation cotton can directly isolate the external cold air and keep warm; and a sealed insulation shed is set outside the fireproof insulation cotton.
  • the insulation shed is sealed and can directly isolate the external cold air.
  • the layer insulation material can also reduce the heat loss of the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the outlet oil temperature of the converter transformer body is difficult to reach the specified technical index when the external environment temperature is low.

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Abstract

本发明公开一种换流变压器的保温方法和系统。其中，换流变压器的保温系统包括：换流变压器本体；包覆于换流变压器本体外表面的双层保温材料；其中，双层保温材料包括：包覆于换流变压器本体外表面的第一防火保温棉；以及封装于防火保温棉外侧的密封保温棚。本发明的技术方案旨在解决现有技术中外界环境温度较低的情况下，换流变压器本体的出口油温难以达到规定的技术指标的问题。

Description

一种换流变压器的保温方法和系统 技术领域
本发明涉及直流输电技术领域，具体为一种换流变压器的保温方法和系统。
背景技术
换流变压器是直流输电工程最核心的设备，和换流阀一起组成换流站的“心脏”——换流站。换流变压器的主要功能是将750千伏的交流电换流变压为±800千伏的直流电，以实现清洁能源远距离、大规模、高效率和低损耗传输。
作为换流站最主要的设备之一，换流变压器的特点是体积大、吨位重，对周围环境要求高，安装工艺流程多，就位难度系数大；这些特点导致换流变压器的整个安装过程需要进行本体进站卸车、附件安装、牵引就位、抽真空、真空注油、热油循环以及静置及试验等多项工作。高端换流变压器及其现场附件安装完成后，其整体长宽高均超过10米，总重量能够达到560吨以上。
现有的换流变压器大多位于高海拔地区，存在着温差大、风沙多以及紫外线强等特点，尤其是冬季寒冷时间长，在特高压换流站工程建设中，高端换流变施工区间处于冬季高寒低温时间段，有些环境恶劣的地区，其冬季最低温度能够低于零下20℃，而特高压换流变在安装过程中热油循环的相关标准规定其温度不得低于60℃，这严重影响了特高压换流变的安装。
当冬季室外进行热油循环作业时，在本体外界环境温度较低的情况下，换流变压器本体热量在循环过程中就已经流失，无法满足标准规定的换流变压器的出口油温达到60℃的技术指标。
发明内容
本发明提供一种换流变压器的保温方法和系统，旨在解决现有技术中外界环境温度较低的情况下，换流变压器本体的出口油温难以达到规定的技术指标的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出一种换流变压器的保温系统，包括：
换流变压器本体；
包覆于换流变压器本体外表面的双层保温材料；其中，
双层保温材料包括：
包覆于换流变压器本体外表面的第一防火保温棉；以及，
封装于防火保温棉外侧的密封保温棚。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统中，密封保温棚包括：
封装于防火保温棉外侧的钢结构框架；
覆盖于钢结构框架的防风帆布层；
与钢结构框架相连、且贴地设置的钢栅格结构；
以及，覆盖于钢栅格结构的第二防火保温棉。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统，还包括：
布设于钢结构框架内部的工业用暖风炮；
以及，布设于钢结构框架的电暖器。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统还包括：
连通于换流变压器本体的注油管道、热油管道和排气管道，其中，注油管道、热油管道和排气管道均为金属软管材料；
包覆于金属软管材料的注油管道、热油管道和排气管道外表面的保温橡胶层。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统，还包括与换流变压器本体相连通的串联真空滤油机组，串联真空滤油机组包括：
与换流变压器本体的出气口相连通的真空泵；
依次串联的第一注油罐、第一滤油机、第二注油罐和第二滤油机，第二滤油机还与换流变压器本体的油箱相连通。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统还包括：
热风机和干燥空气发生器；以及，
包裹于串联滤油机组、热风机和干燥空气发生器外部的专用保暖棚。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统还包括与换流变压器本体相连通的热油循环机组，热油循环机组包括：
通过第一热油管道和第一冷油管道与换流变压器本体的油箱相连通的第 三滤油机；
以及，通过第二热油管道和第二冷油管道与换流变压器本体的油箱相连通的第四滤油机；
其中，第三滤油机与第四滤油机为并联关系。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统还包括与换流变压器本体相连通的低频加热装置，低频加热装置包括：
依次相连的低压电源、变压器、变频电源和被加热变压器绕组；其中
被加热变压器绕组设置于换流变压器本体内部。
优选地，所述换流变压器的保温系统，被加热变压器绕组包括：
与变频电源电连接的网侧绕组，以及，
与网侧绕组感应相连的阀侧绕组，阀侧绕组通过短路电缆接地。
根据本发明的第二方面，本发明还提供了一种换流变压器的保温方法，包括：
使用密封保温棚和第一防火保温棉对换流变压器本体进行密封保温处理；
使用工业用暖风炮和电暖器对换流变压器本体进行供暖操作；
使用串联真空滤油机组对换流变压器本体进行真空注油操作；
使用热油循环机组对换流变压器本体进行热油循环处理；
使用低频加热装置对换流变压器本体进行低频加热处理。
综上，本申请提供的换流变压器的保温方案，通过对换流变压器本体外表面包覆双层保温材料，达到双层保温的效果，具体通过在换流变压器本体外表面直接包覆第一防火保温棉，直接起到隔绝外部冷空气，保温的效果；并且在防火保温棉的外侧设置密封保温棚，该保温棚密封，能够直接隔绝外部冷空气，这样即使外界环境温度较低，通双层保温材料也能够减少换流变压器本体的出口油温的热量散失，从而解决现有技术中外界环境温度较低的情况下，换流变压器本体的出口油温难以达到规定的技术指标的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种换流变压器的保温系统的结构示意图；
图2是图1所示实施例提供的第一种换流变压器的密封保温棚的结构示意图；
图3是图1所示实施例提供的第二种换流变压器的密封保温棚的结构示意图；
图4是图1所示实施例提供的一种串联真空滤油机组的结构示意图；
图5是图1所示实施例提供的一种热油循环机组的结构示意图；
图6是图1所示实施例提供的一种低频加热装置的结构示意图；
图7是图1所示实施例提供的一种低频加热装置的接线方式图；
图8是本发明实施例提供的一种换流变压器的保温方法的流程示意图。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
标号 名称 标号 名称
1 换流变压器本体 2 双层保温材料
3 工业用暖风炮 4 电暖器
5 注油管道 6 热油管道
7 排气管道 8 保温橡胶层
9 串联真空滤油机组 10 热风机
11 干燥空气发生器 12 专用保暖棚
13 热油循环机组 14 低频加热装置
101 油箱 201 第一防火保温棉
202 密封保温棚 2021 钢结构框架
2022 防风帆布层 2023 钢栅格结构
2024 第二防火保温棉 901 真空泵
902 第一注油罐 903 第一滤油机
904 第二注油罐 905 第二滤油机
1301 第一热油管道 1302 第一冷油管道
1303 第三滤油机 1304 第二热油管道
1305 第二冷油管道 1306 第四滤油机
1401 低压电源 1402 变压器
1403 变频电源 1404 被加热变压器绕组
14041 网侧绕组 14042 阀侧绕组
14043 短路电缆    
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解，例如，“固定”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；“连接”可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，本发明各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范 围之内。
本申请下述实施例提供的换流变压器的保温方案，需要解决的技术问题如下：
现有的换流变压器大多位于高海拔地区，存在着温差大、风沙多以及紫外线强等特点，尤其是冬季寒冷时间长，在特高压换流站工程建设中，高端换流变施工区间处于冬季高寒低温时间段，有些环境恶劣的地区，其冬季最低温度能够低于零下20℃，而特高压换流变在安装过程中热油循环的相关标准规定其温度不得低于60℃，这严重影响了特高压换流变的安装。
当冬季室外进行热油循环作业时，在本体外界环境温度较低的情况下，换流变压器本体热量在循环过程中就已经流失，无法满足标准规定的换流变压器的出口油温达到60℃的技术指标。
为实现上述目的，参见图1，图1为本发明实施例提供的一种换流变压器的保温系统的结构示意图。如图1所示，该换流变压器的保温系统，包括：
换流变压器本体1；如图1所示，通常情况下高端换流变压器本体1的长宽高度均能达到10米以上，总重量能够达到560吨以上；并且通常情况下换流变压器本体1设置在高海拔，低温度的环境中，因此换流变压器本体1及其内部器件的保温防护至关重要。
包覆于换流变压器本体1外表面的双层保温材料2；通过设置双层保温材料2，能够起到双层防冷、绝缘保温的功能，减少换流变压器本体1的出口油温的热量散失，解决现有技术中外界环境温度较低，换流变压器本体1的出口油温难以达到规定的技术指标的问题。
其中，双层保温材料2包括：包覆于换流变压器本体1外表面的第一防火保温棉201；第一防火保温棉201包覆于换流变压器本体1的外表面设置，而且第一防火保温棉201材质柔软，能够紧贴换流变压器本体1设置，这样换流变压器本体1散发的热量不容易散失，从而达到对换流变压器本体1保温的效果。
以及，封装于防火保温棉外侧的密封保温棚202。密封保温棚202封装于防火保温棉外侧，并且由于密封保温棚202是密封设置的，因此密封保温棚202能够隔绝外部冷空气，使得换流变压器本体1与外部空气之间存在一层隔绝的保温气体，这样即使外界环境温度较低，双层保温材料2也能够减少换 流变压器本体1的出口油温的热量散失。
综上，本申请提供的换流变压器的保温系统，通过对换流变压器本体1外表面包覆双层保温材料2，达到双层保温的效果，具体通过在换流变压器本体1外表面直接包覆第一防火保温棉201，直接起到隔绝外部冷空气，保温的效果；并且在防火保温棉的外侧设置密封保温棚202，该保温棚密封，能够直接隔绝外部冷空气，这样即使外界环境温度较低，双层保温材料2也能够减少换流变压器本体1的出口油温的热量散失，从而解决现有技术中外界环境温度较低的情况下，换流变压器本体1的出口油温难以达到规定的技术指标的问题。
作为一种优选的实施例，如图2和图3所示，换流变压器的保温系统中，密封保温棚202包括：
封装于防火保温棉外侧的钢结构框架2021；优选的，该钢结构框架2021能够为box-in降噪钢结构，这样就能够形成一个包覆保温材料的“房间”。
覆盖于钢结构框架2021的防风帆布层2022；通过覆盖防风帆布层2022能够减少钢结构框架2021中气体的流动，从而降低热量的散失效率。
与钢结构框架2021相连、且贴地设置的钢栅格结构2023；
以及，覆盖于钢栅格结构2023的第二防火保温棉2024。通过贴地设置钢栅格结构2023，并且在钢栅格结构2023上铺设第二防火保温棉2024，能够进一步降低换流变压器本体1沿地面传递散失的热量，从而达到对换流变压器本体1的保温效果。
本申请实施例提供的密封保温棚202中，通过在钢结构框架2021上覆盖防风帆布层2022能够降低热量的散失效率，并且设置与钢结构框架2021相连且贴地设置的钢栅格结构2023，能够将整个换流变压器本体1密封起来，并且在钢栅格结构2023铺设第二防火保温棉2024，能进一步降低换流变压器本体1沿着地面散失的热量，从而达到对换流变压器本体1的保温效果。
作为一种优选的实施例，如图2所示，换流变压器的保温系统，还包括：
布设于钢结构框架2021内部的工业用暖风炮3；
以及，布设于钢结构框架2021的电暖器4。
工业用暖风炮3布设在钢结构框架2021与换流变压器本体1之间，具体在box-in钢结构框架2021内部四角布置4台30kW的工业用暖风炮3，在钢 结构框架2021内部的两侧布置10台2kW电暖器4持续增温，以确保棚内温度保持在25～30摄氏度。通过设置工业用暖风炮3以及电暖气，能够加热钢结构框架2021与换流变压器本体1之间的空气，从而减少换流变压器本体1的热量散失，提高换流变压器本体1的保温效率。
作为一种优选的实施例，如图4所示，本申请实施例提供的换流变压器的保温系统还包括：
连通于换流变压器本体1的注油管道5、热油管道6和排气管道7，其中，注油管道5、热油管道6和排气管道7分别为金属软管材料；
包覆于金属软管材料的注油管道5、热油管道6和排气管道7外表面的保温橡胶层8。
本申请实施例提供的换流变压器本体1的保温系统中，注油管道5、热油管道6和排气管道7都采用金属软管材料，能够降低热量散失效率，并且在上述金属软管材料的外层都包覆上保温橡胶层8，这样能够降低油气在传输过程中热量的散失效率。通过全面包裹抽真空、注油及热油循环用的管道，能够实现油管与大气的基本隔离。在冬季寒冷环境下注油管、真空泵901(干燥气体发生器)和注气管存在冻裂隐患，易导致现场大面积漏气漏油现象，因此所有油管和气管为金属软管形式；另外使用保温橡胶材料对金属软管进行全面包裹，能够避免严寒天气的意外发生。
作为一种优选的实施例，如图4所示，本申请实施例提供的换流变压器的保温系统还包括与换流变压器本体1相连通的串联真空滤油机组9；该串联真空滤油机组9通过设置两台注油罐和两台滤油机，从而达到两次低频加热的目的。
具体地，该串联真空滤油机组9包括：
与换流变压器本体1的出气口相连通的真空泵901；真空泵901与换流变压器本体1的油箱101的出气口相连通，这样能够将油箱101抽取为真空状态，这样就能够通过真空吸附效应注油。
依次串联的第一注油罐902、第一滤油机903、第二注油罐904和第二滤油机905，第二滤油机905还与换流变压器本体1的油箱101相连通。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，采用双机双罐注油法对换流变压器1402进行注油操作，首先通过真空泵901将油箱101内的空气抽空，这样通 过真空吸附效应吸油，具体通过依次串联的第一注油罐902、第一滤油机903、第二注油罐904和第二滤油机905依次将油注入到换流变压器本体1的油箱101内。因为滤油机均设置有加热棒等加热装置，这样通过将滤油机相串联就能够达到两次加热的目的，这样采用2台滤油机与2个注油罐配合的方式，代替原来1台滤油机直接注油的施工方法，最终能够使注油温度提高到60℃。
作为一种优选的实施例，如图4所示，本申请实施例提供的换流变压器的保温系统还包括：
热风机10和干燥空气发生器11；以及包裹于串联真空滤油机组9、热风机10和干燥空气发生器11外部的专用保暖棚12。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，专用保暖棚12包裹于串联滤油机组、热风机10和干燥发生器上，能够减少上述器件的热量散失。具体地如图5所示，通过搭设专用保暖棚12，现场施工时分别给串联滤油机组内的滤油机和真空泵901，上述干燥空气发生器11和热风机10接线使用，并且保暖棚内使用电暖器4、热风机等进行加热，能够保证上述机械的正常运行。
作为一种优选的实施例，如图5所示，本申请实施例提供的换流变压器的保温系统还包括与换流变压器本体1相连通的热油循环机组13，热油循环机组13包括：
通过第一热油管道1301和第一冷油管道1302与换流变压器本体1的油箱101相连通的第三滤油机1303；
以及，通过第二热油管道1304和第二冷油管道1305与换流变压器本体1的油箱101相连通的第四滤油机1306；
其中，第三滤油机1303与第四滤油机1306为并联关系。
具体地，在本申请实施例提供的换流变压器的保温系统中，热油循环机组13采用油处理能力为20000L/h的大型高真空滤油机组，作为第三滤油机1303进行热油循环，第三滤油机1303的加热器加热功率为216kW，考虑部分换流站的极端低温天气，同时备用一台滤油机，即上述第四滤油机1306；如果升温效果不佳，则采用两台滤油机并联使用，加快升温速度。其中，20000L/h的真空滤油机组内单台加热器的加热功率为210kW，12000L/h高真空滤油机组内单台加热器加热功率为180kW，2台加热器的合计加热功率为390kW。
作为一种优选的实施例，上述实施例提供的换流变压器的保温系统还包括与换流变压器本体1相连通的低频加热装置14，如图6所示，图6为图1所示实施例提供的低频加热装置的结构示意图，该低频加热装置14包括：
依次相连的低压电源1401、变压器1402、变频电源1403和被加热变压器绕组1404；其中，
被加热变压器绕组1404设置于换流变压器本体1内部。
变压器1402低频加热是一种内部加热方式，利用绕组的电阻通以电流产生热量。对被加热变压器绕组1404选择适当的一侧绕组(通常为低压或中压绕组)短路，在另一侧绕组(通常为高压绕组)施加超低频(0.01～1Hz)电压进行励磁，两侧绕组上均产生感应电流，绕组的电阻上发热，具体参见图X。
因施加的电压频率低，变压器1402短路阻抗数值非常小(通常远小于工频时的数值，因阻抗中的漏电抗分量数值与频率成正比，相对于工频时急剧减小)。短路阻抗由阻性分量占主导地位而感性分量几乎可忽略(占阻性分量的1/3以下即可)，此时电路几乎呈现纯阻性的特征(实际仍为弱感性)，电阻数值非常小，施加极低的电压即可获得较大的电流用以加热，因此无需中间升压试验变压器1402。同时因电路感性分量较小，相对于传统的工频试验条件，可以省去大量的补偿装置(主要为电容器)。另外，因自内而外进行加热且功率大，线包内部温度高，绝缘干燥处理质量好；加热空间大且发热均匀，加热效率高，大大缩短加热时间，可显著加快变压器1402的绝缘干燥处理过程(热油循环)，缩短变压器1402的现场安装施工周期，提高工作效率。
作为一种优选的实施例，参见图7，图7为图1所示实施例提供的一种低频加热装置的接线方式图。如图7所示，本申请实施例提供的低频加热装置中，被加热变压器绕组1404包括：
与变频电源1403电连接的网侧绕组14041，以及，
与网侧绕组14041感应相连的阀侧绕组14042，阀侧绕组14042通过短路电缆14043接地。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，经计算，换流变的在网侧绕组选择负极限分接31档，可获得相对大的加热功率，故采取在网侧绕组分接开关31档进行低频加热试验。另外根据参数计算，选择在网侧加压，阀侧短接的加 热接线方式，能够与低频加热装置14实现良好的阻抗匹配。
另外，作为一种优选的实施例，如图7所示，本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，低频加热电源从400V低压配电室获取电源，输出连接到换流变压器本体1的网侧套管和中性点端子上，阀侧绕组14042两套管短路连接。
综上，本申请提供的技术方案，已在±800千伏换流站工程应用，提高了换流变的安装质量，缩短了换流变安装周期，高端换流变的冬季现场安装不仅实现了进度可控，质量水平显著提升，作业环境大幅改善，而且节约了人工费用，具有显著的技术优势和经济效益。
通过实际对比，从保温效果和经济性来讲，从双重保温法比搭设大型保温棚的保温效果和经济效益更好，因此冬季施工换流变保温采取本体双重保温法，在满足现场安装进度同时保证产品质量，换流变顺利通过油样检测。
目前主要采用的热油循环法仍存在效率低、处理时间长等不足，尤其在低温环境下,受设备功率制约,无法达到预期加热目标，影响绝缘处理效果。低频加热装置14功率最大可达1250kW，利用绕组短路损耗从设备内部加热，提高了加热效率。
综上，本申请技术方案提供的换流变压器的保温系统，已经±800千伏换流站工程应用，完成了12台高端换流变冬季现场安装工作，不仅提高了换流变安装质量，还缩短了换流变安装周期，实现了高原冬季低温及低气压等恶劣气候条件下的换流变冬季安装，对保证施工质量、提高工效、节约成本奠定了坚实的基础。
基于上述方法实施例的同一构思，本发明实施例还提出了换流变压器的保温方法，用于实现本发明的上述系统的功能，由于该系统实施例解决问题的原理与系统相似，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。
参见图8，图8为本发明实施例提供的一种换流变压器的保温方法的流程示意图。如图8所示，该换流变压器的保温方法包括以下步骤：
S110：使用密封保温棚和第一防火保温棉对换流变压器本体进行密封保温处理；
S120：使用工业用暖风炮和电暖器对换流变压器本体进行供暖操作；
S130：使用串联真空滤油机组对换流变压器本体进行真空注油操作；
S140：使用热油循环机组对换流变压器本体进行热油循环处理；
S150：使用低频加热装置对换流变压器本体进行低频加热处理；
综上，本申请上述实施例提供的换流变压器的保温方案，其冬季施工质量控制标准如下：
1)抽真空至133Pa，进行换流变压器泄漏率测试；泄漏试验合格后，需继续抽真空度至13Pa，且保持时间不少于48h。
2)注油全过程应保持真空，注入油的温度宜高于器身温度。注油速度控制在4t/h～6t/h。
3)真空注油工作不宜在雨天和雾天进行，以防密封不良时水分和潮气进入油箱。
4)真空注油结束后，需对换流变压器进行热油循环，热油循环前，应对油管抽真空，将油管中的空气抽干净，同时冷却器中的油应与油箱主体的油同时进行热油循环，循环的总油量≥3倍换流变压器油总量且不得少于48h。
5)密封试验：根据厂家技术文件要求采用油压或气压进行密封性试验，应无渗漏。
6)注油完毕后，在施加电压前，其静置时间不应少于96h。
综上，本申请提供的换流变压器的保温方法，通过对换流变压器本体外表面包覆双层保温材料，达到双层保温的效果，具体通过在换流变压器本体外表面直接包覆第一防火保温棉，直接起到隔绝外部冷空气，保温的效果；并且在防火保温棉的外侧设置密封保温棚，该保温棚密封，能够直接隔绝外部冷空气，这样即使外界环境温度较低，通双层保温材料也能够减少换流变压器本体的出口油温的热量散失，从而解决现有技术中外界环境温度较低的情况下，换流变压器本体的出口油温难以达到规定的技术指标的问题。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，包括：
    换流变压器本体(1)；
    包覆于所述换流变压器本体(1)外表面的双层保温材料(2)；其中，
    所述双层保温材料(2)包括：
    包覆于所述换流变压器本体(1)外表面的第一防火保温棉(201)；以及，
    封装于所述防火保温棉(201)外侧的密封保温棚(202)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，所述密封保温棚(202)包括：
    封装于所述防火保温棉(201)外侧的钢结构框架(2021)；
    覆盖于所述钢结构框架(2021)的防风帆布层(2022)；
    与所述钢结构框架(2021)相连、且贴地设置的钢栅格结构(2023)；
    以及，覆盖于所述钢栅格结构(2023)的第二防火保温棉(2024)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    布设于所述钢结构框架(2021)内部的工业用暖风炮(3)；
    以及，布设于所述钢结构框架(2021)的电暖器(4)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    连通于所述换流变压器本体(1)的注油管道(5)、热油管道(6)和排气管道(7)，其中，所述注油管道(5)、热油管道(6)和排气管道(7)均为金属软管材料；
    包覆于金属软管材料的注油管道(5)、热油管道(6)和排气管道(7)外表面的保温橡胶层(8)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，还包括与所述换流变压器本体(1)相连通的串联真空滤油机组(9)，所述串联真空滤油机组(9)包括：
    与所述换流变压器本体(1)的出气口相连通的真空泵(901)；
    依次串联的第一注油罐(902)、第一滤油机(903)、第二注油罐(904) 和第二滤油机(905)，所述第二滤油机(905)还与所述换流变压器本体(1)的油箱(101)相连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    热风机(10)和干燥空气发生器(11)；以及，
    包裹于所述串联真空滤油机组(9)、所述热风机(10)和所述干燥空气发生器(11)外部的专用保暖棚(12)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，还包括与所述换流变压器本体(1)相连通的热油循环机组(13)，所述热油循环机组(13)包括：
    通过第一热油管道(1301)和第一冷油管道(1302)与所述换流变压器本体(1)的油箱(101)相连通的第三滤油机(1303)；
    以及，通过第二热油管道(1304)和第二冷油管道(1305)与所述换流变压器本体(1)的油箱(101)相连通的第四滤油机(1306)；
    其中，所述第三滤油机(1303)与所述第四滤油机(1306)为并联关系。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，还包括与所述换流变压器本体(1)相连通的低频加热装置(14)，所述低频加热装置(14)包括：
    依次相连的低压电源(1401)、变压器(1402)、变频电源(1403)和被加热变压器绕组(1404)；其中
    所述被加热变压器绕组(1404)设置于所述换流变压器本体(1)内部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的换流变压器的保温系统，其特征在于，所述被加热变压器绕组(1404)包括：
    与所述变频电源(1403)电连接的网侧绕组(14041)，以及，
    与所述网侧绕组(14041)感应相连的阀侧绕组(14042)，所述阀侧绕组(14042)通过短路电缆(14043)接地。
  10. 一种换流变压器的保温方法，其特征在于，包括：
    使用密封保温棚和第一防火保温棉对换流变压器本体进行密封保温处理；
    使用工业用暖风炮和电暖器对所述换流变压器本体进行供暖操作；
    使用串联真空滤油机组对换流变压器本体进行真空注油操作；
    使用热油循环机组对所述换流变压器本体进行热油循环处理；
    使用低频加热装置对所述换流变压器本体进行低频加热处理。
PCT/CN2022/118660 2022-02-14 2022-09-14 一种换流变压器的保温方法和系统 WO2023151273A1 (zh)

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