WO2023151128A1 - 一种多工况浮力调节装置及调节方法 - Google Patents
一种多工况浮力调节装置及调节方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023151128A1 WO2023151128A1 PCT/CN2022/077489 CN2022077489W WO2023151128A1 WO 2023151128 A1 WO2023151128 A1 WO 2023151128A1 CN 2022077489 W CN2022077489 W CN 2022077489W WO 2023151128 A1 WO2023151128 A1 WO 2023151128A1
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- oil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/14—Control of attitude or depth
- B63G8/22—Adjustment of buoyancy by water ballasting; Emptying equipment for ballast tanks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a buoyancy adjustment device for a marine vehicle, in particular to a multi-working-condition buoyancy adjustment device and an adjustment method.
- the 21st century is the century of the ocean, and marine resources and sovereignty have become the hot pursuit of all countries.
- the buoyancy adjustment device of the marine vehicle is used to realize the submersion, floating, suspension, depth-fixed navigation and attitude adjustment of the vehicle, and is an indispensable part of the underwater vehicle to achieve free movement.
- the patent number is CN102975835A (seawater piston-adjustable gliding submersible), and its overall structure is shown in Figure 10.
- the submersible adopts a single-cylinder piston-cylinder structure, and the water absorption and drainage of the single-side piston cylinder 6 in the figure are used to adjust The purpose of buoyancy, but the axial size of the piston cylinder in this structure is too large, the adjustable range is too small, and the single-cylinder design structure is not conducive to the balance and stability of the overall device.
- the patent number is CN202120973457.6 (a center of mass buoyancy adjustable and controllable buoyancy adjustment attitude controller). Although it is proposed that the center of mass of the device will change when the buoyancy is adjusted, it does not give a specific calculation method and formula for determining the center of mass.
- the patent number is CN202020404403.3 (a buoyancy adjustment mechanism and an underwater vehicle with the buoyancy adjustment mechanism). It can only realize the floating and submerging working conditions of the device, which cannot meet the various working conditions required in the sea.
- the present invention provides a multi-working-condition buoyancy adjustment device and an adjustment method, which calculates the center of gravity of the buoyancy adjustment device under various working conditions while performing buoyancy adjustment in various working conditions position changes.
- the multi-working condition buoyancy adjustment device of the present invention includes a cabin body, a thrust assembly, a cavity assembly and a rubber bladder assembly;
- the chamber assembly includes a first chamber and a second chamber;
- the rubber bladder assembly includes a first rubber bladder and a second rubber bladder;
- the thrust assembly includes a first thrust assembly and a second thrust assembly;
- the thrust assembly adjusts the volume and gravity of the buoyancy control device by controlling the entry and exit of oil and water, and then adjusts the buoyancy and posture of the buoyancy control device.
- the first thrust assembly and the second thrust assembly include an electric push rod and a piston, and the piston moves under the action of the electric push rod.
- the cavity assembly and the rubber bladder assembly are connected by pipelines, and a gate valve is arranged on the cavity assembly and the rubber bladder assembly to control the inflow and outflow of oil or water.
- the adjusting method of the multi-working condition buoyancy adjusting device of the present invention comprises the following steps:
- the length of the first cavity and the second cavity is h, and the diameter is d; oil is housed in the first cavity and the second cavity, and the gravity G of the buoyancy adjusting device is filled with 1 greater than the buoyancy F to float 1 ; buoyancy The adjustment device sinks horizontally;
- step (5) seawater is sucked into the first cavity and the second cavity through the first thrust assembly and the second thrust assembly, the gravity G of the device is greater than the buoyancy F 6 , and the device The center of gravity is offset but in the vertical direction, and the device sinks vertically.
- G dresses 1 G oil 1 +G cabin 1 (1);
- G cabin 1 is the gravity suffered by the cabin body, and G oil 1 is the gravity suffered by the oil in the whole device;
- V cabin is the volume of the cabin body; H is the length of the buoyancy adjustment device, and D is the diameter of the buoyancy adjustment device.
- V oil 2 is the volume of oil delivered from the first cavity and the second cavity to the rubber bladder assembly:
- V oil 3 is the volume of oil delivered from the first cavity and the second cavity to the rubber bladder assembly
- V oil 4 is the volume of oil delivered from the second cavity to the first rubber bladder
- m oil is the mass of oil in the whole device, and m tank is the mass of the cabin body;
- the gravity G of the whole device is equal to the buoyancy F and the center of gravity of the device is shifted to one side, and the device is tilted and suspended.
- V oil 5 is the volume delivered to the oil in the first rubber bag from the first cavity and the second cavity;
- the gravity G that the device is subjected to is less than the buoyancy F and the center of gravity of the device is offset to one side, so the device is suspended vertically.
- G water is the gravity that the water in the suction device receives, as shown in formula (17):
- m water is the mass of seawater sucked by the device, and the expression is shown in formula (21):
- the gravity G of the device is larger than the buoyancy F and the center of gravity of the device is offset to one side, so the device vertically sinks.
- the present invention has the following advantages:
- the buoyancy adjustment device of the present invention adopts a symmetrical structure design, is equipped with two sets of electric push rods and pistons, and lays six sets of pipelines and twelve valve ports to control the entry and exit of oil and water in the entire device.
- the buoyancy adjustment range is improved, and it is beneficial to the overall balance and stability of the device.
- the buoyancy adjustment device of the present invention realizes six different working conditions including the original state, and realizes a variety of posture adjustments of the device in seawater, which can meet various actual conditions. need.
- the present invention provides the calculation formula for the offset of the center of gravity of the device and the buoyancy calculation formula and state discrimination method corresponding to various working conditions when the device performs pose transformation in the sea. Very practical.
- Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of multi-working condition buoyancy regulating device of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal suspension of the multi-working condition buoyancy adjustment device of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the multi-working condition buoyancy regulating device of the present invention floating horizontally;
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of inclined suspension of the multi-working-condition buoyancy adjustment device of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the inclined suspension of the multi-working condition buoyancy adjustment device of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of vertical floating of the multi-working-condition buoyancy adjusting device of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the vertical buoyancy of the multi-working-condition buoyancy regulating device of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the vertical sinking of the buoyancy adjusting device under multiple working conditions according to the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the vertical sinking of the multi-working-condition buoyancy adjusting device of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a submersible in the prior art.
- the multi-working condition buoyancy adjustment device of the present invention includes a cabin body 10, a thrust assembly, a cavity assembly and a rubber bladder assembly; the cavity assembly includes a first cavity 3 and a second cavity 26;
- the bladder assembly includes a first rubber bladder 12 and a second rubber bladder 17;
- the thrust assembly includes a first thrust assembly and a second thrust assembly; wherein the first thrust assembly includes a first electric push rod 15 and a second piston 27; the second thrust assembly Including the second electric push rod 29 and the first piston 8 .
- the rubber bladder assembly is fixed to the cabin body 10 through the clamp 11 , and the oil is stored in the first cavity 3 and the second cavity 26 .
- the left end cover 2 and the right end cover 22 are fixed on the cabin body 10 by the first screw 1;
- the first electric push rod 15 and the second electric push rod 29 are fixed on the base of the cabin body by the second screw 14;
- the bag 12 and the second rubber bag 17 are fixed on the cabin body with a clamp 11, and a card slot is provided at the joint to play a stabilizing role.
- the first piston 8 and the second piston 27 are sheathed with an O-shaped rubber ring 9.
- the installation position of the O-shaped sealing ring 9 is compact, light in weight, and small in motion frictional resistance, thereby completing the sealing between the piston and the cabin.
- Two sets of electric push rods in the cabin push the piston, and six pipes and twelve gate valves control the entry and exit of oil and seawater in the entire device, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the volume and quality of the entire device, and finally realize the adjustment and adaptation of the entire device.
- Various working conditions Two sets of electric push rods in the cabin push the piston, and six pipes and twelve gate valves control the entry and exit of oil and seawater in the entire device, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the volume and quality of the entire device, and finally realize the adjustment and adaptation of the entire device.
- the shape of the buoyancy adjustment device is a cylinder and two rubber bladders are connected to the outside, the length of the buoyancy adjustment device is H, the diameter is D, and the first cavity 3 and the second cavity 26 have the same length. is h, and the diameter is d.
- the oil 7 in the first cavity 3 in the device is not pushed into the first rubber bag 12, and the oil 7 in the second cavity 26 is not pushed into the second rubber bag 17, and the whole device sinks horizontally (Original state).
- the expression of the gravity G loaded on the whole device is shown in formula ( 1 ):
- G installed 1 G oil 1 + G tank 1 (1)
- G cabin 1 is the gravity on the cabin body
- G oil 1 is the gravity on the oil in the whole device, and its expression is shown in formula (2):
- G oil 1 2 ⁇ oil ⁇ g ⁇ V chamber (2)
- cabin V is the volume of the whole cabin, and its expression is shown in formula (5):
- the gravitational force G 1 that the entire device receives is greater than the buoyancy F 1 that the entire device receives, and the center of gravity of the device does not change at this time, so the device sinks horizontally.
- the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod are simultaneously activated to push the piston forward, at this time, the gravity G 2 received by the device has not changed, but the buoyancy received by the device has increased to F 2 and its expression is as in formula (6 ) as shown:
- V oil 2 is the volume of oil transported from the cavity assembly to the rubber bladder assembly in the device under this working condition, and its expression is shown in formula (7):
- the gravity G 2 that the entire device is subjected to is equal to the buoyancy F 2 that the entire device is subjected to, and the center of gravity of the device does not change at this time, so the device is suspended horizontally.
- the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod are activated simultaneously to push the piston forward, at this time, the gravity G 3 received by the device has not changed, but the buoyancy received has increased to F 3 , the expression of which is as in formula (8 ) as shown:
- F float 3 ⁇ water ⁇ g ⁇ (V cabin +V oil 3 ) (8)
- V oil 3 is the volume of oil transported from the first cavity and the second cavity to the rubber bladder assembly in the device under this working condition, and its expression is shown in formula (9):
- F float 4 ⁇ water ⁇ g ⁇ (V tank +V oil 4 ) (8)
- V oil 4 is the volume of oil transported from the second cavity to the first rubber bag in the device under this working condition, and its expression is shown in formula (9):
- m oil 1 is the quality of the oil in the first cavity
- m oil 2 is the quality of the oil in the first rubber bag
- m oil is the mass of oil in the entire device, and m tank is the mass of the entire cabin;
- the gravity G44 of the whole device is equal to the buoyancy F44 of the whole device, and the center of gravity of the device deviates to the left, so the device is inclined to suspend.
- V oil 5 is the volume of oil transported from the first cavity and the second cavity to the first rubber bag in the device under this working condition, and its expression is shown in formula (14):
- the gravity G 5 that the whole device is subjected to is less than the buoyancy F 5 that the whole device is subjected to, and the center of gravity of the device deviates to the left so that the device is suspended vertically.
- Gwater is the gravity of the water in the suction device, and its expression is shown in formula (17):
- buoyancy force F buoyancy 6 of the device is expressed as shown in formula (19):
- m water is the mass of seawater sucked by the device, and the expression is shown in formula (21):
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Abstract
一种多工况浮力调节装置及调节方法,该浮力调节装置包括舱体(10)、推力组件、腔体组件和橡胶囊组件;腔体组件包括第一腔体(3)和第二腔体(26);橡胶囊组件包括第一橡胶囊(12)和第二橡胶囊(17);推力组件包括第一推力组件和第二推力组件;推力组件通过控制油和水的进出来调整浮力调节装置的体积及重力,进而调节浮力调节装置的浮力及位姿。多工况浮力调节装置及调节方法在进行浮力调节时,给出了该浮力调节装置在水中进行位姿变换时,装置重心偏移量的计算公式以及各种工况对应的浮力计算公式和状态判别方法,在进行多工况的浮力调节的同时计算出各种工况时该浮力调节装置重心(37)的位置变化,满足了实际中的各种需要且具有实用性。
Description
本发明涉及海洋航行器的浮力调节设备,尤其涉及一种多工况浮力调节装置及调节方法。
21世纪是海洋的世纪,海洋资源和主权已经成为各国追求的热点。海洋航行器的浮力调节装置用来实现航行器的下潜、上浮、悬挂、定深航行和姿态的调整,是水下航行器实现自由运动不可或缺的组成部分。专利号为CN102975835A(海水活塞调节式滑翔式潜水器),其整体结构如图10所示,该潜水器采用了单缸的活塞缸结构,通过图中单侧活塞缸6的吸水和排水达到调节浮力的目的,但是这种结构中活塞缸的轴向尺寸太大,可调节范围太小,同时采用单缸设计结构不利于整体装置的平衡与稳定。
专利号为CN202120973457.6(一种质心浮心可调可控浮力调节姿态控制器)虽然提出在调节浮力时装置的质心会发生改变,但是并没有给出具体确定质心的计算方法和公式。
专利号为CN202020404403.3(一种浮力调节机构及具有该浮力调节机构的水下潜航器)虽然通过双向泵和三通电磁阀能实现内外油囊之间的体积变换来实现浮力调节,但是其只能实现装置的上浮和下潜两种工况,无法满足在海中所需的多种工况要求。
针对上述技术问题,如何提供一种结构可靠,可调节范围大,能够实现多种工况的浮力调节装置,并且计算出各种工况时该浮力调节装置重心的位置变化,成为亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种多工况浮力调节装置及调节方法,在进行多种工况的浮力调节的同时计算出各种工况时该浮力调节装置重心的位置变化。
技术方案:本发明多工况浮力调节装置包括舱体、推力组件、腔体组件和橡胶囊组件;
腔体组件包括第一腔体和第二腔体;橡胶囊组件包括第一橡胶囊和第二橡胶囊;推力组件包括第一推力组件和第二推力组件;
推力组件通过控制油和水的进出来调整浮力调节装置的体积及重力,进而调节浮力调节装置的浮力及位姿。
第一推力组件和第二推力组件包括电推杆和活塞,活塞在电推杆的作用下移 动。
腔体组件和橡胶囊组件之间通过管道连接,腔体组件和橡胶囊组件上设有控制油或水进出的闸阀。
本发明多工况浮力调节装置的调节方法包括以下步骤:
(1)设第一腔体和第二腔体的长度为h,直径为d;第一腔体和第二腔体内装有油,浮力调节装置的重力G
装1大于浮力F
浮1;浮力调节装置水平下沉;
(3)将第一推力组件移动K使第二腔体中的油进入第二橡胶囊;同时将第二推力组件移动K使第一腔体中的油进入第一橡胶囊,装置的重力G
装3等于浮力F
浮3,装置水平悬浮;其中L<K≤h;
(4)将第一推力组件移动2L使第二腔体中的油进入第一橡胶囊,装置的重心偏移,装置的重力G
装4与浮力F
浮4相等,装置倾斜悬浮;
(5)将第一推力组件移动J使第二腔体中的油进入第一橡胶囊,推动第二推力组件移动J使第一腔体中的油进入第一橡胶囊,装置翻转且重心偏移,装置的重力G
装5小于浮力F
浮5;
(6)在步骤(5)的基础上,通过第一推力组件和第二推力组件向第一腔体和第二腔体吸入海水,装置的重力G
装6大于浮力F
浮6,且装置的重心偏移但在竖直方向上,装置竖直下沉。
步骤(1)中,G
装1=G
油1+G
舱1 (1);
G
舱1为舱体所受的重力,G
油1为整个装置中油所受的重力;
V
舱为舱体的体积;H为浮力调节装置的长度,D为浮力调节装置的直径。
步骤(2)中,F
浮2=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油2) (6)
其中V
油2为从第一腔体和第二腔体输送至橡胶囊组件中油的体积:
步骤(3)中,F
浮3=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油3) (8)
V
油3为从第一腔体和第二腔体中输送至橡胶囊组件中油的体积,
步骤(4)中的F
浮4=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油4) (8)
V
油4为从第二腔体输送至第一橡胶囊中油的体积,
设装置中油的重心相对于第一橡胶囊中油的重心的偏移量为p,第二腔体中油的重心相对于第一橡胶囊中油的重心的偏移量为q;装置的重心相对于舱体重心偏移量为s,第一橡胶囊中油的重心相对于舱体重心偏移量为r;其中q,r为已知量,根据平行力系中心的计算公式得装置中油的重心相对于橡胶囊中油的重心偏移量p的表达式如式(10)所示:
其中m
油1为第一腔体中油的质量,m
油2为第一橡胶囊中油的质量,取2L=h,则表达式如(11)所示:
装置的重心相对于舱体重心偏移量s的表达式如式(12)所示:
其中m
油为整个装置中油的质量,m
舱为舱体的质量;
此时整个装置的重力G
装4等于浮力F
浮4且装置的重心向一侧偏移,装置倾斜悬浮。
步骤(5)中,F
浮5=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油5) (13)
其中V
油5为从第一腔体和第二腔体中输送至第一橡胶囊中油的体积;
设装置中油的重心相对于舱体重心的偏移量为n,装置的重心相对于舱体重心的偏移量为m,则m如式(15)所示:
此时装置所受到的重力G
装5小于浮力F
浮5且装置的重心向一侧偏移,所以装置竖直悬浮。
步骤(6)中的浮力F
浮6相对于步骤(5)不变,但重力G
装6增大,如式(16)所示:
G
装6=G
油1+G
舱1+G
水=G
油2+G
舱2+G
水 (16)
其中G
水为吸入装置中的水受到的重力如式(17)所示:
由于G
油2+G
舱2=F
浮2,将式(6)带入式(16)中得式(18)
此时装置所受浮力F
浮6的表达式如式(19)所示:
设此时装置中油的重心相对于舱体重心的偏移量为y,装置的重心相对于舱体重心偏移量为x,则x如式(20)所示:
其中m
水为装置吸入海水的质量,表达式如式(21)所示:
此时装置的重力G
装6大于浮力F
浮6且装置的重心向一侧偏移,所以装置竖直下沉。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)本发明的浮力调节装置采用对称式结构设计,配备两组电推杆以及活塞,并且铺设六组管道以及十二个阀口来控制整个装置中油和水的进出,该结构不仅增大了浮力调节范围,并且有利于装置整体的平衡与稳定。
(2)与传统的浮力调节装置相比,本发明的浮力调节装置实现了包括原始状态下的六种不同工况,实现了装置在海水中多种位姿调整,可以满足实际中的各种需要。
(3)与传统的浮力调节装置相比,本发明给出了装置在海中进行位姿变换时,装置重心偏移量的计算公式以及各种工况对应的浮力计算公式和状态判别方法,具有很强的实用性。
图1为本发明多工况浮力调节装置示意图;
图2为本发明多工况浮力调节装置水平悬浮示意图;
图3为本发明多工况浮力调节装置水平上浮示意图;
图4为本发明多工况浮力调节装置倾斜悬浮示意图;
图5为本发明多工况浮力调节装置倾斜悬浮简图;
图6为本发明多工况浮力调节装置竖直上浮示意图;
图7为本发明多工况浮力调节装置竖直上浮简图;
图8为本发明多工况浮力调节装置竖直下沉示意图;
图9为本发明多工况浮力调节装置竖直下沉简图;
图10为现有技术中的潜水器整体结构示意图。
如图1至图9所示,本发明多工况浮力调节装置包括舱体10、推力组件、腔体组件和橡胶囊组件;腔体组件包括第一腔体3和第二腔体26;橡胶囊组件包括第一橡胶囊12和第二橡胶囊17;推力组件包括第一推力组件和第二推力组件;其中第一推力组件包括第一电推杆15和第二活塞27;第二推力组件包括第二电推杆29和第一活塞8。
橡胶囊组件通过卡箍11与舱体10固定,油储藏在第一腔体3和第二腔体26中。其中左端盖2和右端盖22通过第一螺钉1固定在舱体10上;第一电推杆15和第二电推杆29通过第二螺钉14固定在舱体的基座上;第一橡胶囊12和第二橡胶囊17采用卡箍11固定于舱体上,并且在连接处开设卡槽起到稳固作用。
第一活塞8和第二活塞27外部套有O型橡胶圈9,O型密封圈9的安装部位紧凑,而且重量轻,运动摩擦阻力小,进而完成活塞与舱体之间的密封。
舱内的两组电推杆推动活塞,并且由六根管道以及十二个闸阀来控制整个装置内油和海水的进出,达到调节整个装置体积以及质量的目的,最终实现整个装置的位姿调节适应各种工况。
本发明多工况浮力调节的具体过程如下:
(1)如图1所示,浮力调节装置外形为圆柱体且其外部连接两个橡胶囊,浮力调节装置的长度为H,直径为D,第一腔体3和第二腔体26长度均为h,直径均为d。此时装置中第一腔体3中的油7未被推入第一橡胶囊12中,第二腔体26中的油7均未被推入第二橡胶囊17中,整个装置水平下沉(原始状态)。整个装置所受的重力G
装1的表达式如式(1)所示:
G
装1=G
油1+G
舱1 (1)
其中G
舱1为舱体所受的重力,G
油1为整个装置中油所受的重力,其表达式如式(2)所示:
G
油1=2·ρ
油·g·V
腔 (2)
单个腔体的容积V
腔表达式如式(3)所示:
其中V
舱为整个舱体的体积其表达式如式(5)所示:
此时整个装置所受到的重力G
装1大于整个装置所受到的浮力F
浮1,且此时装置的重心并没有发生改变所以装置水平下沉。
(2)如图2所示,启动第一电推杆15,推动第二活塞27向右,即向一侧移动
距离(本实施例的该步骤中取
),打开5号闸阀19,6号闸阀21,使第二腔体26中的油7,通过三号管道20进入第二橡胶囊17,同时启动第二电推杆29,推动第一活塞8向左移动L距离,打开11号闸阀32,12号闸阀34,使第一腔体3中的油7通过六号管道33进入第一橡胶囊12,最终状态如图2所示。其中,第一电推杆与第二电推杆同时启动推动活塞前进,此时装置所受到的重力G
装2没有发生改变但是所受到的浮力增大为F
浮2其表达式如式(6)所示:
F
浮2=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油2) (6)
其中V
油2为此工况下装置中从腔体组件中输送至橡胶囊组件中油的体积,其表达式如式(7)所示:
此时整个装置所受到的重力G
装2等于整个装置所受到的浮力F
浮2且此时装置的重心并没有发生改变所以装置水平悬浮。
(3)如图3所示,启动第一电推杆15,推动第二活塞27向右移动K(L<K≤h)距离,打开5号闸阀19,6号闸阀21,使第二腔体26中的油7,通过三号管道20进入第二橡胶囊17,同时启动第二电推杆29,推动第一活塞8向左移动K(L<K≤h)距离,打开11号闸阀32,12号闸阀34,使第一腔体3中的油7通过六号管道33进入第一橡胶囊12。其中,第一电推杆与第二电推杆同时启动推动活塞前进,此时装置所受到的重力G
装3没有发生改变但是所受到的浮力增大为F
浮3其表达式如式(8)所示:
F
浮3=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油3) (8)
其中V
油3为此工况下装置中从第一腔体和第二腔体中输送至橡胶囊组件中油的体积,其表达式如式(9)所示:
由于整个装置所受到的重力G
装3=G
装2,而整个装置所受到的浮力F
浮3>F
浮2且此时装置的重心没有发生改变所以装置水平上浮。
(4)如图4所示,启动第一电推杆15,推动第二活塞27向右,即向右侧移动2L距离,同时打开3号闸阀13,4号闸阀18,使第二腔体26中的油7,通 过二号管道16进入第一橡胶囊12,最终状态如图5所示,装置向左倾斜,整个装置的重心37向左偏移,但是此时装置所受重力与浮力相互抵消,装置倾斜悬浮在水中。由于整个装置对称,该步骤中,通过控制另外一端的设备来调节位姿,即启动第二电推杆29,推动第一活塞8向左侧移动2L距离,同时打开9号闸阀28,10号闸阀31,使第一腔体3中的油7,通过五号管道30进入第二橡胶囊17,装置发生向右倾斜,整个装置的重心37向右发生偏移,但是此时装置所受重力与浮力相互抵消,装置倾斜悬浮在水中。此时装置所受到的重力G
装4并没有发生改变但是所受到的浮力F
浮4其表达式如式(8)所示:
F
浮4=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油4) (8)
其中V
油4为此工况下装置中从第二腔体中输送至第一橡胶囊中油的体积,其表达式如式(9)所示:
设此时整个装置中油的重心36相对于橡胶囊中油的重心40的偏移量为p,腔体中油的重心39相对于橡胶囊中油的重心40的偏移量为q。整个装置的重心37相对于舱体重心38偏移量为s,橡胶囊中油的重心40相对于舱体重心38移量为r。其中,q,r均为已知量。根据平行力系中心的计算公式得整个装置中油的重心36相对于橡胶囊中油的重心40偏移量p的表达式如式(10)所示:
其中m
油1为第一腔体中油的质量,m
油2为第一橡胶囊中油的质量,此处由于取2L=h,因此其表达式如(11)所示:
整个装置的重心37相对于舱体重心38偏移量s的表达式如式(12)所示:
其中m
油为整个装置中油的质量,m
舱为整个舱体的质量;
此时整个装置所受到的重力G
装4等于整个装置所受到的浮力F
浮4,且装置的重心发生左偏所以装置倾斜悬浮。
(5)如图6所示,启动第一电推杆15,推动第二活塞27向右移动J(L<J≤h)距离(此处取J=h),打开3号闸阀13,4号闸阀18,使第二腔体26中的油7,通过二号管道16进入第一橡胶囊12,同时启动第二电推杆29,推动第一活塞8向左移动J距离,打开11号闸阀32,12号闸阀34,使第一腔体3中的油7通过六号管道33进入第一橡胶囊12,最终状态如图7所示。装置发生翻转,整个装 置的重心37向左发生偏移,此时装置所受重力小于浮力,装置在水中竖直上浮。此时装置所受到的重力G
装5不变,所受到的浮力F
浮5其表达式如式(13)所示:
F
浮5=ρ
水·g·(V
舱+V
油5) (13)
其中V
油5为此工况下装置中从第一腔体和第二腔体中输送至第一橡胶囊中油的体积,其表达式如式(14)所示:
设此时整个装置中油的重心36相对于舱体重心38偏移量为n,整个装置的重心37相对于舱体重心38偏移量为m,则m的表达式如式(15)所示:
此时整个装置所受到的重力G
装5小于整个装置所受到的浮力F
浮5且装置的重心发生左偏所以装置竖直悬浮。
(6)如图8所示,在步骤(5)的基础上,关闭所有闸阀与管道,打开1号闸阀4,2号闸阀6,7号闸阀23,8号闸阀25,启动第一电推杆15和第二电推杆29拉回活塞,通过一号管道5,四号管道24向第一腔体和第二腔体中吸入海水35直至充满整个腔体。最终状态如图9所示,装置发生吸水后竖直下沉,整个装置的重心仍在竖直方向上,此时装置所受重力大于浮力,装置在水中竖直下沉。此时装置所受浮力F
浮6相对于步骤(5)来说没有发生改变但受到的重力G
装6增大其表达式如式(16)所示:
G
装6=G
油1+G
舱1+G
水=G
油2+G
舱2+G
水 (16)
其中G
水为吸入装置中水受到的重力,其表达式如式(17)所示:
由于G
油2+G
舱2=F
浮2,将式(6)带入式(16)中得式(18)
此时装置所受浮力F
浮6其表达式如式(19)所示:
设此时整个装置中油的重心36相对于舱体重心38偏移量为y,整个装置的重心37相对于舱体重心38偏移量为x,则x的表达式如式(20)所示:
其中m
水为装置吸入海水的质量,表达式如式(21)所示:
此时整个装置所受到的重力G
装6大于整个装置所受到的浮力F
浮6且装置的重心发生左偏所以装置竖直下沉。
Claims (10)
- 一种多工况浮力调节装置,其特征在于:包括舱体(10)、推力组件、腔体组件和橡胶囊组件;所述腔体组件包括第一腔体(3)和第二腔体(26);所述橡胶囊组件包括第一橡胶囊(12)和第二橡胶囊(17);所述推力组件包括第一推力组件和第二推力组件;所述推力组件通过控制油和水的进出来调整所述浮力调节装置的体积及重力,进而调节浮力调节装置的浮力及位姿。
- 根据权利要求1所述的多工况浮力调节装置,其特征在于:所述第一推力组件和第二推力组件包括电推杆和活塞,所述活塞在电推杆的作用下移动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的多工况浮力调节装置,其特征在于:所述腔体组件和橡胶囊组件之间通过管道连接,所述腔体组件和橡胶囊组件上设有控制油或水进出的闸阀。
- 一种如权利要求1所述的多工况浮力调节装置的调节方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:(1)设第一腔体(3)和第二腔体(26)的长度为h,直径为d;第一腔体和第二腔体内装有油,浮力调节装置的重力G 装1大于浮力F 浮1;所述浮力调节装置水平下沉;(2)将第一推力组件移动L,使第二腔体(26)中的油(7)进入第二橡胶囊(17);同时将第二推力组件移动L,使第一腔体(3)中的油进入第一橡胶囊(12),所述浮力调节装置的重力G 装2等于浮力F 浮2,所述装置水平悬浮;其中(3)将第一推力组件移动K使第二腔体(26)中的油(7)进入第二橡胶囊(17);同时将第二推力组件移动K使第一腔体(3)中的油进入第一橡胶囊(12),所述装置的重力G 装3等于浮力F 浮3,所述装置水平悬浮;其中L<K≤h;(4)将第一推力组件移动2L使第二腔体(26)中的油进入第一橡胶囊(12),所述装置的重心偏移,装置的重力G 装4等于浮力F 浮4,所述装置倾斜悬浮;(5)将第一推力组件移动J使第二腔体(26)中的油进入第一橡胶囊(12),推动第二推力组件移动J使第一腔体(3)中的油进入第一橡胶囊(12),所述装置翻转且重心偏移,所述装置的重力G 装5小于浮力F 浮5;(6)在步骤(5)的基础上,通过第一推力组件和第二推力组件向第一腔体和第二腔体吸入海水,所述装置的重力G 装6大于浮力F 浮6,且装置的重心偏移但在竖直方向上,装置竖直下沉。
- 根据权利要求4所述的多工况浮力调节装置的调节方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中的F 浮4=ρ 水·g·(V 舱+V 油4) (8);V 油4为从第二腔体输送至第一橡胶囊中油的体积,设装置中油的重心(36)相对于第一橡胶囊中油的重心(40)的偏移量为p,第二腔体中油的重心(39)相对于第一橡胶囊中油的重心(40)的偏移量为q;装置的重心(37)相对于舱体重心(38)偏移量为s,第一橡胶囊中油的重心(40)相对于舱体重心(38)偏移量为r;其中q,r为已知量,计算得装置中油的重心(36)相对于橡胶囊中油的重心(40)偏移量p的表达式如式(10)所示:其中m 油1为第一腔体中油的质量,m 油2为第一橡胶囊中油的质量,取2L=h,则表达式如(11)所示:所述装置的重心(37)相对于舱体重心(38)偏移量s的表达式如式(12)所示:其中m 油为整个装置中油的质量,m 舱为舱体的质量;此时整个装置的重力G 装4等于浮力F 浮4且装置的重心向一侧偏移,装置倾斜 悬浮。
- 根据权利要求6所述的多工况浮力调节装置的调节方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)中的浮力F 浮6相对于步骤(5)不变,但重力G 装6增大,如式(16)所示:G 装6=G 油1+G 舱1+G 水=G 油2+G 舱2+G 水 (16)其中G 水为吸入装置中的水受到的重力如式(17)所示:由于G 油2+G 舱2=F 浮2,此时装置所受浮力F 浮6的表达式如式(19)所示:设此时装置中油的重心(36)相对于舱体重心(38)的偏移量为y,装置的重心(37)相对于舱体重心(38)偏移量为x,则x的表达式如式(20)所示:其中m 水为装置吸入海水的质量,表达式如式(21)所示:此时装置的重力G 装6大于浮力F 浮6且装置的重心向一侧偏移,装置竖直下沉。
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| CN114455040B (zh) | 2023-04-21 |
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| JP2024533286A (ja) | 2024-09-12 |
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