WO2023149845A1 - Plasma activated water machine for decontamination of chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits - Google Patents
Plasma activated water machine for decontamination of chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023149845A1 WO2023149845A1 PCT/TH2022/000042 TH2022000042W WO2023149845A1 WO 2023149845 A1 WO2023149845 A1 WO 2023149845A1 TH 2022000042 W TH2022000042 W TH 2022000042W WO 2023149845 A1 WO2023149845 A1 WO 2023149845A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- water
- activated
- vegetables
- discharge tube
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000678 plasma activation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000675108 Citrus tangerina Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000005949 Malathion Substances 0.000 description 6
- JXSJBGJIGXNWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(SP(=S)(OC)OC)C(=O)OCC JXSJBGJIGXNWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960000453 malathion Drugs 0.000 description 6
- QYMMJNLHFKGANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N profenofos Chemical compound CCCSP(=O)(OCC)OC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1Cl QYMMJNLHFKGANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004251 human milk Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 235000020256 human milk Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl Chemical compound [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000366676 Justicia pectoralis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000186779 Listeria monocytogenes Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007845 reactive nitrogen species Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003642 reactive oxygen metabolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005730 Azoxystrobin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005758 Cyprodinil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001646719 Escherichia coli O157:H7 Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005781 Fludioxonil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000186781 Listeria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010024641 Listeriosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005927 Pyriproxyfen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607768 Shigella Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WFDXOXNFNRHQEC-GHRIWEEISA-N azoxystrobin Chemical compound CO\C=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC1=CC(OC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C#N)=NC=N1 WFDXOXNFNRHQEC-GHRIWEEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HAORKNGNJCEJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyprodinil Chemical compound N=1C(C)=CC(C2CC2)=NC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 HAORKNGNJCEJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MUJOIMFVNIBMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N fludioxonil Chemical compound C=12OC(F)(F)OC2=CC=CC=1C1=CNC=C1C#N MUJOIMFVNIBMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005417 food ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021485 packed food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyriproxyfen Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1OC(C)COC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/26—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/26—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
- A23L3/28—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4608—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods using electrical discharges
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/023—Reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, OH radical
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
- H05H2245/20—Treatment of liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
- H05H2245/30—Medical applications
- H05H2245/36—Sterilisation of objects, liquids, volumes or surfaces
Definitions
- NTP non-thermal plasma
- non-thermal plasma is an effective process for flexibility in combating microorganisms to reduce the number of microorganisms causing diseases in humans such as E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and Shigella spp.
- Plasma technology in agricultural produce is preferably in the form of plasma water due to plasma water does not affect produce color, shape, or other properties, while there are many models for synthesizing hydroxyl radicals to obtain enough for chemical decomposition.
- One of the models preferred is plasma jets. From examining relevant works, works which applied for protection concerning synthesis of hydroxyl radicals with jet discharge preferred discharge via gaseous mediums such as helium, argon, and air, etc., by directly spraying plasma on material surfaces or by spreading plasma via various types of membranes.
- Australian patent publication no. AU2020101313A4 describes plasma jets for maintaining vegetable and fruit freshness that use air in the plasma production process without using water via positive and negative electrodes arrayed in a perpendicular manner whereby the other side of electrodes are connected to insulation to create a space for releasing electrical charges. This method can eradicate pesticide residues on vegetable and fruit surfaces along with sterilizing bacteria without damage to the quality of agricultural products.
- United States patent publication no. US20200325049 Al describes a small modular surface devices with small in-built modules for eradicating air contamination and eradicating contamination at internal surfaces through a technical process of producing plasma at the surface of electric barriers (DBD) from the environment for eliminating contamination and destroying ethylene gas, which causes premature ripening, including adaptations for causing oxidation at the surface and/or atmosphere of containers.
- This process comprises connections between power distribution units and loads comprising the transformer conductor; the capacitor parallel to the transistor with inductors and capacity of capacitors set according to the resonance frequency of conversion connected to voltage load and adjustments to capacitor capacity to adjust power amp impedance when the impedance of the load changes.
- Loads are driven by power distribution units to create ozone comprising ozoneproducing plasma actuators and circuits engraved in plasma actuators which allow water to come into contact with ozone.
- the system consists of a high-voltage electricity generation part alternated by radio frequencies, a plasma production part, and a production room pressure control part.
- the high-voltage electricity generation alternated by radio frequencies part has a generator which uses 500-1,000 watt electricity.
- the electricity is sent to the plasma production part at the surface comprising dielectric plasma nozzles with an electrode diameter-to-glass tube interior diameter ratio of 1 :2-5 where the lower ends of electrodes have an appropriate distance from the end of the glass tube and an appropriate distance from the surface to the end of the glass tube and production room pressure is controlled within a range of 125-500 Torr.
- US20160016142A1 describes a device for producing and injecting electrically charged air into a flowing water system whereby plasma release has no direct contact with flowing water and flowing water is separated from plasma by a volume gap.
- the resultant activated water may be used for industrial cleaning.
- This device consists of a body connected to electrical grounding, a digital or analog interface and a power source, an air pump for bringing air through the plasma chamber to cause ionization, a water pump which brings water through the reservoir, a plasma chamber where air molecules are separated into electrically charged air in the volume space underneath the plasma chamber, a reservoir with an inlet for untreated water, an outlet for activated water and a mixing device.
- Chinese patent publication no. CN110235932A describes a plasma processing device for sterilizing and preserving fruits which produces plasma between positive and negative electrodes in a cross-shaped arrangement.
- the surface on the opposite side is connected to insulation to create a discharge space.
- the electrode set produces plasma, which is blown to fresh vegetables and fruits until the specified time is reached, in which case the fruit sterilization and preservation process is considered complete.
- the inventor developed plasma production via an air medium with liquid solutions capable of decomposing residual agricultural chemicals and suppressing microorganism growth in the process of cleaning agricultural produce along with sterilization with UVC light in the same device, which enhances efficiency in washing residual chemicals and microorganisms from vegetables and fruits.
- the plasma activated water system which comprises of a plasma discharge tube, a UVC light bulb, an air pump, a water pump, a high voltage transformer, and a touch screen control system, is a device used to remove chemical residues and microorganisms from vegetables and fruits.
- the water and air that enters the device through the water and air inlets are activated with high voltage electricity when they enter the plasma discharge tube, resulting in plasma ionization by pinhole plasma jet technique.
- the resulting plasma is collected in a plasma activated water container and pushed back into the plasma machine after dissolving and mixing with the tap water flowing to the water outlet. As a result, the plasma activated water is circulating.
- the plasma activated water performs more effectively and efficiently when used in conjunction with a UVC light bulb to remove the chemical residues and slow microbial growth in vegetables and fruits.
- the purpose of this invention is to increase options for eradicating residual chemicals and inhibiting microorganism growth in vegetables and fruits effectively by using plasma-activated water and UVC sterilization to increase health safety from residual chemicals while extending vegetable and fruit storage life.
- FIG. 1 and Figure 2 show sample images of the plasma-activated water machine for washing away residual chemicals and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits comprising a body which is opaque from every side and made from materials resistant to chemical corrosion and capable of withstanding heat at 50 degrees Celsius and up such as Stainless 304 or ABS plastic, etc.
- the plasma- activated water production system is divided into four parts consisting of the high-voltage power supply unit, the plasma-activated water unit which produces plasma-activated water from the plasma discharge tube, the air and/or gas distribution unit and the touch screen control system.
- the water container (2) comprises and may include a part for receiving external water to activate plasma capable of connection to the external water inlet, which may be connected to a water tank, a faucet, or a filter, etc., and a part for discharging water functioning to discharge plasma- and UVC-activated water for use.
- Water contained in the water container (2) will flow into the water pump (1) at a rate of 1-5 liters per minute. Water flow rates can be set with the touch screen control system (9). Water is controlled to flow into the water inlet (3b) of the plasma discharge tube (3).
- air from the air pump (4) connected the air pressure regulator (7) is arranged to function with the gas storage tank (5) connected to the gas pressure regulator (6) where gases for use in the plasma discharge tube (3) can be selected from argon, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen, either singularly or a combination thereof.
- gases for use in the plasma discharge tube (3) can be selected from argon, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen, either singularly or a combination thereof.
- the gas is sent into the gas inlet (3f) of the plasma discharge tube (3) with a flow rate of 1-25 liters per minute.
- the plasma discharge tube (3) is a hollow cylinder with two layers made from insulation materials with insulating properties capable of withstanding heat and acid corrosion such as glass, quartz or other materials.
- the outer cylinder (3d) has a diameter of 2.5-3.0 centimeters and a length of 15-20 centimeters.
- One lower side of the cylinder has a water inlet (3b) and the other lower side has a water outlet (3a).
- the connector to the negative electrodes (3c) is at the center of the outer cylinder. These three have a similar distance from one another. The preferred distance between these three spaces has been set at five centimeters equally.
- the interior of the plasma discharge tube comprises the inner cylinder (3e) with a diameter of 0.8 centimeter and a length of 20-25 centimeters.
- the inner cylinder is covered by the outer cylinder and has an appropriate distance between the inner and outer cylinders of the tube at 0.3-1 centimeter.
- One end of the inner cylinder includes the positive electrodes (3 g).
- the positive electrodes (3g) and the negative electrodes (3c) are wires made from other materials with properties of induction and resistance to corrosion such as stainless steel with a diameter of 0.5-2 millimeters and a length of 5 centimeters and 20 centimeters, respectively.
- the space between both electrodes is the discharge area.
- Plasma is distributed through 5 pinholes (3h) of the inner cylinder of the plasma discharge tube (3) with diameters of 0.5-1.5 millimeters. Each pinhole (3h) has an appropriate distance from the others at 2 centimeters. The central pinhole is located at the position of the negative electrodes (3c).
- the produced plasma permeates the inner (3e) and outer (3d) cylinders of the plasma discharge tube to mix with water flowing in at the water inlet (3b), transforming the water into plasma-activated water, which flows through the water outlet (3 a) into the water container (2) and is continually circulated into the plasma discharge tube until the specified discharge time is complete.
- the unit for producing plasma-activated water from the plasma discharge tube (3) comprises at least one plasma discharge tube (3) and has an appropriate plasma-activated water production rate of one plasma discharge tube (3) per 5 liters of water, which can produce hydroxyl radicals at 10-30 ppm in 60 minutes. If the number of plasma discharge tubes (3) is increased, this will increase hydroxyl radical production capacity. Because hydroxyl radicals decompose quickly and do not have a long storage life, hydroxyl radical production must be at sufficient concentrations for residual chemical decomposition.
- the plasma machine is mounted with at least one UVC light bulb (11) for preparing plasma- activated water.
- UVC light bulb When ultraviolet light from the UVC light bulb is spread in plasma-activated water containing dissolved hydroxyl radicals, oxygen atoms will breakdown into charges and react with various free radicals in plasma-activated water, converting the free radicals into hydroxyl radicals and increasing hydroxyl radical concentrations, which enhances efficiency of plasma-activated water in eradicating residual chemicals in agricultural produce.
- Figure 3 shows a graph of determination results of chemical residues decomposition efficiency of the plasma-activated water machine.
- Chemical residues decomposition efficiency of plasma-activated water produced from the plasma machine in randomly selected vegetable and fruit samples were from plasma-activated water produced by applying optimal condition with a discharge time of 60 minutes, a water flow rate of 140 liters per hour and an air flow rate of 3 liters per minute.
- Hydrogen peroxide concentrations were determined at 32.12 +1.63 ppm.
- the randomly selected fruit sample was tangerines. Tangerines had residual malathion and profenofos chemicals before washing at 0.41 + 0.14 mg/kg and 0.09 + 0.03 mg/kg, respectively.
- plasma-activated water was found to be significantly effective in reducing malathion and profenofos at a reliability level of 95 percent.
- malathion and profenofos levels were found to be lower than the standard maximum residual limit (MRL) specified by the National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards, Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives, at no more than 7 mg/kg for malathion in tangerines and no more than 0.1 mg/kg of profenofos in tangerines.
- MLR maximum residual limit
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The plasma activated water system, which comprises of a plasma discharge tube, a UVC light bulb, an air pump, a water pump, a high voltage transformer, and a touch screen control system, is a device used to remove chemical residues and microorganisms from vegetables and fruits. The water and air that enters the device through the water and air inlets are activated with high voltage electricity when they enter the plasma discharge tube, resulting in plasma ionization by pinhole plasma jet technique. The resulting plasma is collected in a plasma activated water container and pushed back into the plasma machine after dissolving and mixing with the tap water flowing to the water outlet. As a result, the plasma activated water is circulating. The plasma activated water performs more effectively and efficiently when used in conjunction with a UVC light bulb to remove the chemical residues and slow microbial growth in vegetables and fruits.
Description
PLASMA ACTIVATED WATER MACHINE FOR DECONTAMINATION OF CHEMICAL RESIDUES AND MICROORGANISMS IN VEGETABLES AND FRUITS
Field of the Invention
Engineering science in parts concerning plasma-activated water machines for washing away residual chemicals and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits
Background of the Invention
Most applied plasma technologies emphasize the use of cold or non-thermal plasma (NTP) technologies to eradicate and reduce microorganism contamination in foods and other agricultural products. Examples of applications of cold oxygen plasma to eradicate microorganisms in vegetables and fruits can be found in lettuce (Fernandez and Thompson, 2012; Jahid et al., 2014), mangoes, melons (Pemi et al., 2008), apples and cantaloupes (Critzer et al., 2007), strawberries (Ma et al., 2015) and mushrooms (Xu, Tian, Ma, Liu & Zhang, 2016). This is consistent with Niemira (2014) who stated that non-thermal plasma is an effective process for flexibility in combating microorganisms to reduce the number of microorganisms causing diseases in humans such as E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and Shigella spp.
Schluter and Frohling (2014) reported that the use of non-thermal plasma systems was an interesting option for reducing contamination in food processing of foods with a surface temperature below 45 degrees Celsius, because heat causes sensitive effects on food ingredients such as protein denaturation and changes in physiology activities. Thus, the application of plasma technology to packaged foods can reduce contamination in food and containers.
Wang et al. (2012) studied the use of atmospheric pressure plasma systems to inhibit Salmonella in fresh-cut vegetables and fruits by analysing coloration and nutritional values before and after giving the plasma treatment and found vegetables and fruits run through plasma for two minutes for changes to chemical quality such as Vitamin C content and physical quality such as slight changes in coloration. Fresh-cut vegetables and fruits remained acceptable to consumers and plasma was able to reduce Salmonella in carrots, cucumbers, and pears by 90%, 80% and 80%, respectively.
Kima et al. (2014) studied effects on the use of dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBD) on breast milk quality and microorganism safety and found plasma-treated breast milk to have better quality and microorganism safety than breast milk which was not plasma-treated. In addition, pH, coloration, and oxidation of breast milk were found to have slightly changed only.
Leipold et al. (2011) studied the application of atmospheric pressure plasma systems in reducing contamination by Listeria monocytogenes, which is a cause of listeriosis found in plants and
food. By culturing on slides and containing slides in a sealed LDPE bag, the volume of air in the bag comprises argon (97.5%) and oxygen (2.5%). After passing through dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma, use of plasma on a sealed LDPE bag containing slides contaminated by bacteria for 15 minutes was found to be able to reduce the number of bacteria by 6 logs.
Rod et al. (2011), who studied the effects of using atmospheric non-thermal plasma to reduce Listeria bacteria quantities and changes to ready-made food quality, found atmospheric non-thermal plasma to be able to reduce microorganism contamination in food before packaging, despite oxidation in certain types of food. Phan et al. (2017) found the use of plasma to have effects causing minor changes in Nam Dok Mai mango quality.
Furthermore, research reports on the use of cold or non-thermal plasma (NIP) to eradicate chemical residues in agricultural products showed most research to prefer synthesizing hydroxyl radicals to cause reactions to disinfect microbes and breakdown organic molecule because cold or non-thermal plasma’s efficiency in causing reactions is the second highest after fluorine (F2).
Bai et al. (2009) and Jiang et al. (2014) studied the condition of cold or non-thermal plasma. Molecules of chemical residues are separated from one another by plasma energy. In 2014, Misra et al. studied the application of DBD plasma to eliminate chemical residues in strawberries and found DBD plasma to mostly be able to reduce azoxystrobin, cyprodinil, fludioxonil and pyriproxyfen.
Applications of plasma technology in agricultural produce is preferably in the form of plasma water due to plasma water does not affect produce color, shape, or other properties, while there are many models for synthesizing hydroxyl radicals to obtain enough for chemical decomposition. One of the models preferred is plasma jets. From examining relevant works, works which applied for protection concerning synthesis of hydroxyl radicals with jet discharge preferred discharge via gaseous mediums such as helium, argon, and air, etc., by directly spraying plasma on material surfaces or by spreading plasma via various types of membranes.
Australian patent publication no. AU2020101313A4 describes plasma jets for maintaining vegetable and fruit freshness that use air in the plasma production process without using water via positive and negative electrodes arrayed in a perpendicular manner whereby the other side of electrodes are connected to insulation to create a space for releasing electrical charges. This method can eradicate pesticide residues on vegetable and fruit surfaces along with sterilizing bacteria without damage to the quality of agricultural products.
United States patent publication no. US20200325049 Al describes a small modular surface devices with small in-built modules for eradicating air contamination and eradicating contamination
at internal surfaces through a technical process of producing plasma at the surface of electric barriers (DBD) from the environment for eliminating contamination and destroying ethylene gas, which causes premature ripening, including adaptations for causing oxidation at the surface and/or atmosphere of containers. This process comprises connections between power distribution units and loads comprising the transformer conductor; the capacitor parallel to the transistor with inductors and capacity of capacitors set according to the resonance frequency of conversion connected to voltage load and adjustments to capacitor capacity to adjust power amp impedance when the impedance of the load changes. Loads are driven by power distribution units to create ozone comprising ozoneproducing plasma actuators and circuits engraved in plasma actuators which allow water to come into contact with ozone.
Thai patent publication no. 2001000977 describes the system for producing plasma at sub- atmospheric pressures produces plasma with high quantities of active hydrogen peroxide continually for production and functional benefits. The system consists of a high-voltage electricity generation part alternated by radio frequencies, a plasma production part, and a production room pressure control part. The high-voltage electricity generation alternated by radio frequencies part has a generator which uses 500-1,000 watt electricity. The electricity is sent to the plasma production part at the surface comprising dielectric plasma nozzles with an electrode diameter-to-glass tube interior diameter ratio of 1 :2-5 where the lower ends of electrodes have an appropriate distance from the end of the glass tube and an appropriate distance from the surface to the end of the glass tube and production room pressure is controlled within a range of 125-500 Torr.
United states patent publication no. US20160016142A1 describes a device for producing and injecting electrically charged air into a flowing water system whereby plasma release has no direct contact with flowing water and flowing water is separated from plasma by a volume gap. The resultant activated water may be used for industrial cleaning. This device consists of a body connected to electrical grounding, a digital or analog interface and a power source, an air pump for bringing air through the plasma chamber to cause ionization, a water pump which brings water through the reservoir, a plasma chamber where air molecules are separated into electrically charged air in the volume space underneath the plasma chamber, a reservoir with an inlet for untreated water, an outlet for activated water and a mixing device.
Furthermore, Chinese patent publication no. CN110235932A describes a plasma processing device for sterilizing and preserving fruits which produces plasma between positive and negative electrodes in a cross-shaped arrangement. The surface on the opposite side is connected to insulation to create a discharge space. When the power distribution source is open, the electrode set produces
plasma, which is blown to fresh vegetables and fruits until the specified time is reached, in which case the fruit sterilization and preservation process is considered complete.
According to the abovementioned information, devices and equipment with different plasma production functions have been found to be based on different components and functional objectives. The inventor developed plasma production via an air medium with liquid solutions capable of decomposing residual agricultural chemicals and suppressing microorganism growth in the process of cleaning agricultural produce along with sterilization with UVC light in the same device, which enhances efficiency in washing residual chemicals and microorganisms from vegetables and fruits.
Summary of the Invention The plasma activated water system, which comprises of a plasma discharge tube, a UVC light bulb, an air pump, a water pump, a high voltage transformer, and a touch screen control system, is a device used to remove chemical residues and microorganisms from vegetables and fruits. The water and air that enters the device through the water and air inlets are activated with high voltage electricity when they enter the plasma discharge tube, resulting in plasma ionization by pinhole plasma jet technique. The resulting plasma is collected in a plasma activated water container and pushed back into the plasma machine after dissolving and mixing with the tap water flowing to the water outlet. As a result, the plasma activated water is circulating. The plasma activated water performs more effectively and efficiently when used in conjunction with a UVC light bulb to remove the chemical residues and slow microbial growth in vegetables and fruits. The purpose of this invention is to increase options for eradicating residual chemicals and inhibiting microorganism growth in vegetables and fruits effectively by using plasma-activated water and UVC sterilization to increase health safety from residual chemicals while extending vegetable and fruit storage life.
Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 - Sample image of the plasma-activated water machine
Figure 2 - Sample image of a part of the plasma-activated water machine
Figure 3 - Graph of determination results of chemical residues decomposition efficiency of the plasma-activated water machine
Detailed Description of the Invention Figure 1 and Figure 2 show sample images of the plasma-activated water machine for washing away residual chemicals and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits comprising a body which is
opaque from every side and made from materials resistant to chemical corrosion and capable of withstanding heat at 50 degrees Celsius and up such as Stainless 304 or ABS plastic, etc. The plasma- activated water production system is divided into four parts consisting of the high-voltage power supply unit, the plasma-activated water unit which produces plasma-activated water from the plasma discharge tube, the air and/or gas distribution unit and the touch screen control system.
The water container (2) comprises and may include a part for receiving external water to activate plasma capable of connection to the external water inlet, which may be connected to a water tank, a faucet, or a filter, etc., and a part for discharging water functioning to discharge plasma- and UVC-activated water for use. Water contained in the water container (2) will flow into the water pump (1) at a rate of 1-5 liters per minute. Water flow rates can be set with the touch screen control system (9). Water is controlled to flow into the water inlet (3b) of the plasma discharge tube (3). Furthermore, when electricity is discharged from a 15 -kilovolt high-voltage direct current transformer (8) connected to the negative electrodes (3c) at the center of the plasma discharge tube (3) and the positive electrodes (3g) at one end of the plasma discharge tube (3), air from the air pump (4) connected the air pressure regulator (7) is arranged to function with the gas storage tank (5) connected to the gas pressure regulator (6) where gases for use in the plasma discharge tube (3) can be selected from argon, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen, either singularly or a combination thereof. The gas is sent into the gas inlet (3f) of the plasma discharge tube (3) with a flow rate of 1-25 liters per minute.
When air and/or gas receive high-voltage direct current electricity, energy is converted into plasma and electrical charge particles comprising free radicals of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals and free radicals of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as nitrate (NO3‘) and nitrite (NO2’), etc., are released through pinholes (3h) into the plasma discharge tube (3). This plasma is then dissolved to blend in water flowing into the plasma discharge tube (3), converting water into plasma-activated water which flows to the water outlet (3 a) into the water container (2). The plasma- activated water is then continually circulated in the plasma discharge tube (3) until the specified plasma-activated water discharge time is complete. Time settings for plasma-activated water production can be set by using the touch screen control system (9) in a range of 1-60 minutes.
The plasma discharge tube (3) is a hollow cylinder with two layers made from insulation materials with insulating properties capable of withstanding heat and acid corrosion such as glass, quartz or other materials. The outer cylinder (3d) has a diameter of 2.5-3.0 centimeters and a length of 15-20 centimeters. One lower side of the cylinder has a water inlet (3b) and the other lower side has a water outlet (3a). The connector to the negative electrodes (3c) is at the center of the outer cylinder. These three have a similar distance from one another. The preferred distance between these three spaces has been set at five centimeters equally. The interior of the plasma discharge tube
comprises the inner cylinder (3e) with a diameter of 0.8 centimeter and a length of 20-25 centimeters. The inner cylinder is covered by the outer cylinder and has an appropriate distance between the inner and outer cylinders of the tube at 0.3-1 centimeter. One end of the inner cylinder includes the positive electrodes (3 g).
The positive electrodes (3g) and the negative electrodes (3c) are wires made from other materials with properties of induction and resistance to corrosion such as stainless steel with a diameter of 0.5-2 millimeters and a length of 5 centimeters and 20 centimeters, respectively. The space between both electrodes is the discharge area. When electricity is discharged in the plasma discharge tube (3), electricity is transformed by air or gas from the gas inlet (3f) at the other end of the inner cylinder into plasma.
Plasma is distributed through 5 pinholes (3h) of the inner cylinder of the plasma discharge tube (3) with diameters of 0.5-1.5 millimeters. Each pinhole (3h) has an appropriate distance from the others at 2 centimeters. The central pinhole is located at the position of the negative electrodes (3c). The produced plasma permeates the inner (3e) and outer (3d) cylinders of the plasma discharge tube to mix with water flowing in at the water inlet (3b), transforming the water into plasma-activated water, which flows through the water outlet (3 a) into the water container (2) and is continually circulated into the plasma discharge tube until the specified discharge time is complete. The unit for producing plasma-activated water from the plasma discharge tube (3) comprises at least one plasma discharge tube (3) and has an appropriate plasma-activated water production rate of one plasma discharge tube (3) per 5 liters of water, which can produce hydroxyl radicals at 10-30 ppm in 60 minutes. If the number of plasma discharge tubes (3) is increased, this will increase hydroxyl radical production capacity. Because hydroxyl radicals decompose quickly and do not have a long storage life, hydroxyl radical production must be at sufficient concentrations for residual chemical decomposition.
The plasma machine is mounted with at least one UVC light bulb (11) for preparing plasma- activated water. When ultraviolet light from the UVC light bulb is spread in plasma-activated water containing dissolved hydroxyl radicals, oxygen atoms will breakdown into charges and react with various free radicals in plasma-activated water, converting the free radicals into hydroxyl radicals and increasing hydroxyl radical concentrations, which enhances efficiency of plasma-activated water in eradicating residual chemicals in agricultural produce.
Figure 3 shows a graph of determination results of chemical residues decomposition efficiency of the plasma-activated water machine. Chemical residues decomposition efficiency of plasma-activated water produced from the plasma machine in randomly selected vegetable and fruit
samples were from plasma-activated water produced by applying optimal condition with a discharge time of 60 minutes, a water flow rate of 140 liters per hour and an air flow rate of 3 liters per minute. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations were determined at 32.12 +1.63 ppm.
The randomly selected fruit sample was tangerines. Tangerines had residual malathion and profenofos chemicals before washing at 0.41 + 0.14 mg/kg and 0.09 + 0.03 mg/kg, respectively.
When tangerines were washed with plasma-activated water produced under the above-mentioned conditions by soaking for 15 minutes, plasma-activated water was found to have reduced malathion and profenofos content to 0.08 + 0.01 mg/kg and 0.04 + 0.01 mg/kg or reductions of 80.49% and 55.56%, respectively. When compared to tangerines washed with tap water by soaking for an equal amount of time, the method was found to have reduced malathion and profenofos content to 0.26 + 0.02 mg/kg and 0.06 + 0.002 mg/kg or reductions of 36.59% and 33.34%, respectively.
According to this result, plasma-activated water was found to be significantly effective in reducing malathion and profenofos at a reliability level of 95 percent. In addition, malathion and profenofos levels were found to be lower than the standard maximum residual limit (MRL) specified by the National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards, Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives, at no more than 7 mg/kg for malathion in tangerines and no more than 0.1 mg/kg of profenofos in tangerines.
Best Mode of the Invention
As described in Detailed Description of the Invention
Claims
1. The plasma-activated water machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits consists of a machine that is sealed and opaque on every side. The water stored in the water container (2) flows to the water pump (1). The water is regulated to flow into the water inlet (3b) of the plasma discharge tube (3). When electricity is applied from the high voltage direct current transformer (8) connected to the negative electrodes (3c) at the center of the plasma discharge tube (3) and the positive electrodes (3g) at one end of the plasma discharge tube (3) characterised in that the air from the air pump (4) connected to the air pressure regulator (7) provided to function together with the gas tank (5) connected to the gas pressure regulator (6) provided to send gas through the gas inlet (3f) of the plasma discharge tube (3).
When the air and/or gas is charged by high voltage direct current electricity, the energy is transformed into plasma. Electrically charged particles are discharged through the pinholes (3h) distributed into the interior of the plasma discharge tube (3). The plasma produced dissolves and blends with the water flowing into the plasma discharge tube (3) and becomes plasma-activated water, then passes through the water outlet (3a) and enters the water container (2). The plasma-activated water produced is circulated into the plasma discharge tube (3) continually until the discharge time set for the plasma-activated water is reached.
The plasma discharge tube (3) is a hollow, 2-layer cylinder. The outer cylinder (3d) has a diameter of 2.5-3.0 centimeters and a width of 15-20 centimeters. The bottom of one side of the cylinder consists of the water inlet (3b) and the water outlet (3a) at the bottom of the other side and the connector to the negative electrodes (3c) disposed approximately half-way between the outer and inner parts of the cylinder consisting of the inner cylinder (3e) with a diameter of 0.8 centimeter, a length of 20-25 centimeters covered by the outer cylinder with a preferred distance between the inner and outer cylinders of 0.3-1 centimeter. One end of the inner cylinder is provided with the inclusion of positive electrodes (3g).
The positive electrodes (3g) and negative electrodes (3c) are wires with diameters of 0.5-2 millimeters, lengths of 5 centimeters and 20 centimeters, respectively. The area between both electrode connectors is the discharge area. When electrical power is discharged into the plasma discharge tube (3), air or gas coming from the gas inlet (3f), is transformed into plasma when electrical power is applied which is at the other end of the inner cylinder. The plasma flows through the pinholes (3h) of the inner cylinder. The center hole is aligned with the position of the negative electrodes (3 c). The plasma produced is dispersed throughout the inner cylinder (3e) and the outer cylinder (3d), dissolving, and blending with the water flowing directly through the water inlet (3b), then becoming
plasma-activated water flowing into the water outlet (3a) and into the water container (2) and continually circulating into the plasma discharge tube until the set discharge time is reached.
2. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the water container (2) also comprises a part for receiving external water to be plasma-activated that can be connected to the water inlet pipe from the outside, which might be connected to a water tank, water faucet or water filter, etc.
3. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the water container (2) may include a wate output party functioning to discharge plasma-activated water that has passed through plasma activation and UVC light for use.
4. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisma in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the water pump (1) can have the water flow set with a flow rate of 1-5 liters per minute with the touch screen control system (9).
5. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the high voltage direct current transformer (8) is provided with an electrical discharge of 15 kilovolts.
6. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the gas used in the plasma discharge tube (3) can be selected from argon, nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen gases either singularly or colletively.
7. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residuesand microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the rate of the gas flow through the gas inlet (3f) of the plasma discharge tube (3) is a flow rate of 1-25 liters/minute.
8. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the plasma-activated water discharge time of the plasma discharge tube (3) can be set by the touch screen control system (9) from 1-60 minutes.
9. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the water inlet (3b), the water outlet (3a) and the connector to the negative electrodes (3c) are provided with equal distances of 5 centimeters apart.
10. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the pinholes (3h) of the inner tube is provided with 5 holes with diameters of 0.5-1.5 millimeters.
11. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the distances between the pinholes (3h) are equal, preferably at a distance of 2 centimeters.
12. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 wherein the plasma-activated water production set from the plasma discharge tube (3) is provided with at least one plasma discharge tube (3). The preferred plasma-activated water generation ratio is one plasma discharge tube (3) to 5 liters of water, which can produce 10-30 ppm hydroxyl radicals in 60 minutes.
13. The plasma-activated machine for washing away chemical residues and microorganisms in vegetables and fruits according to Claim 1 is also provided with the mounting of at least one UVC light bulb (11) in the preparation of plasma-activated water.
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TH2201000652A TH2201000652A (en) | 2022-02-01 | Plasma activated water generator for cleaning pesticide residues and microorganisms in fruits and vegetables. |
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