WO2023143856A2 - Matériaux de construction à base de fibres de carbone, fabriquées à partir de co2 - Google Patents

Matériaux de construction à base de fibres de carbone, fabriquées à partir de co2 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023143856A2
WO2023143856A2 PCT/EP2023/000010 EP2023000010W WO2023143856A2 WO 2023143856 A2 WO2023143856 A2 WO 2023143856A2 EP 2023000010 W EP2023000010 W EP 2023000010W WO 2023143856 A2 WO2023143856 A2 WO 2023143856A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon fibers
carbon
production
fibers according
biomass
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/000010
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2023143856A3 (fr
Inventor
Kolja Kuse
Britta Waschl
Jörg FREIHERR VON UND ZU WEILER
Original Assignee
Kolja Kuse
Britta Waschl
Freiherr Von Und Zu Weiler Joerg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kolja Kuse, Britta Waschl, Freiherr Von Und Zu Weiler Joerg filed Critical Kolja Kuse
Publication of WO2023143856A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023143856A2/fr
Publication of WO2023143856A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023143856A3/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
    • D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
    • C04B14/386—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/127—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases or vapours or other carbon-containing compounds in the form of gas or vapour, e.g. carbon monoxide, alcohols

Definitions

  • This material is essentially composed of two categories of materials that drive the world economy.
  • One category includes materials such as fuels, lubricating oils and other liquid or gaseous fuels for the operation of gas turbines, diesel power plants, the propulsion of aircraft, vehicles and ships, as well as the heating of buildings or the operation of cooking stoves. These gas turbines and diesel power plants can also be operated purely regeneratively.
  • the second category includes the production of building and construction materials, which can now be produced from CO2.
  • yeasts, fungi and any kind of bacteria can not only serve to increase efficiency, but also describe completely new ways to generate CO2 for carbon fiber production, which can then serve as primary material for the biogenic route as well as artificial routes via, for example the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
  • the Fermentation of biomass that comes from the world's oceans, namely in particular algae biomass in the form of macroalgae, but also other sea-based biomass that can be taken from the sea, which will occur there in scalable quantities in the future - in particular also caused by the acidification of the seas - or which can also be deliberately bred for the purpose of extracting CO2 from the seas, which the biomass absorbs and metabolizes as it grows.
  • the biomass can then be converted to methane with the help of bacteria, fungi or yeasts, which is burned in a gas turbine to generate electricity, and then the CCh portion of the exhaust gases, consisting of CO2, water and possibly. Nitrogen into the tanks of microalgae and to process the oils obtained from it into carbon fibers, as described in PCT/EP2017/001269, for example. If natural gas, i.e.
  • this bridging technology can be regarded as a preparatory instrument and investment for a scalable use of atmospheric CO2 from land-based biomass and sea-based biomass, the extraction of which from the air by plants in fields, forests and meadows, especially via the route of food residues, and from the water via the route of macroalgae fishing.
  • the processes described are driven with fossil gas, i.e. the generation of electricity from natural gas forms the basis for the CO2 production for the production of carbon fibers at the beginning of the processes described here, either via the biogenic route of feeding microalgae with CO2 or via the water gas shift Reaction and subsequent Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for the production of methanol from CO2 and H2, with subsequent merging of these processes in the production of polyacrylonitrile for the production of PAN-based carbon fibers.
  • fossil gas i.e. the generation of electricity from natural gas forms the basis for the CO2 production for the production of carbon fibers at the beginning of the processes described here, either via the biogenic route of feeding microalgae with CO2 or via the water gas shift Reaction and subsequent Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for the production of methanol from CO2 and H2, with subsequent merging of these processes in the production of polyacrylonitrile for the production of PAN-based carbon fibers.
  • a biogenic route is proposed for the later culmination in a sustainable production of CO2 for carbon fiber production because a lot of CO2 is absorbed by the oceans anyway, which is why the sea-based form of CCh extraction appears more efficient and cheaper than extraction from the air.
  • the algae carpets are already emerging today and are already being recognized by some researchers as a CCh sink that they want to transport to the sea floor, which does not bring any economic added value but, like CCS, causes high costs. This invention is intended to avoid this, these algae are to be regarded as one of the keys to using green methane gas in a scalable manner.
  • a way of utilizing CO2 extracted from the system of nature via the transformation of land-based biomass or algal biomass from the sea into methane gas by bacteria, fungi or yeast, where the absorption mechanism of the extraction of atmospheric CO2 by the seawater surface trap is a quasi has unlimited scalability and, as a natural carbon capture mechanism in this process chain, ensures efficient, inexpensive and scalable CO2 removal from the air due to the large sea surface and the CO2 diffusing from the air into the sea in the form of hydrocarbons from macroalgae or any other Biomass, land-based or sea-based, binds.
  • a useful way of limiting global warming is the conversion of CO2, which comes from natural sources, into materials and building materials, as described in PCT/EP2009/008497, if the problem of removing CO2 from the earth system in the atmosphere and/or the sea is released.
  • Previous CO2 sequestration measures do not make sense at the beginning of such a new material production process chain, not only because the energy costs are too high, but also because investing in such technology ties up funds that are urgently needed for simpler and more targeted ones at the beginning of such a transformation solutions are needed.
  • electrolysers which are used to generate hydrogen as energy storage for wind and PV power, as well as a bridging technology are needed such as natural gas power plants and on the other hand scalable solutions for storing electrical energy are almost completely absent, it stands to reason that investing in algae-based technology is a way out that can work in the form of energy storage for gas-fired power plants when existing fishing fleets are converted, who collect macroalgae carpets floating on the world's oceans, ship them ashore, where with the help of this biomass, bacteria, fungi or yeasts are used to produce biogas, which is used to generate electricity and to produce carbon fibers, and possibly a certain amount at the beginning of biodiesel and biokerosene still required for shipping and aviation.
  • Biomass tanks are needed in which the proliferating macroalgae carpets collected in the sea ferment, since the required CO2 can be obtained or sequestered from these sources much more cheaply than directly from the air, which only has a comparatively low CO2 concentration and the atmosphere only with a high expenditure of energy can be found.
  • the CO2 that is also produced during fermentation can also be collected and used to produce the microalgae for carbon fiber production. In this way, CO2 becomes a raw material that can and must be used in all process chains. In this way, the carbon previously bound in the CO2 from the atmosphere and sea surface system is permanently removed and bound in the carbon fiber building material, since carbon fibers are inert and the material can be stored in a repository.
  • a business area is also opening up for the fishing industry, which is making less and less of a living from fishing and can convert to catching and fermenting seaweed.
  • the carbon fibers are transformed into high-strength building materials together with concrete and/or natural stone with the aid of resins or other binders. These therefore form a highly efficient carbon sink, since the carbon fiber consists of almost 96% pure carbon.
  • the carbon fiber is applied to stone slabs in the form of fabrics or fabrics or introduced into concrete slabs in the form of carbon stone lamellae, which can be peeled off the stone slabs again after use without any problems and can then be taken to carbon repository.
  • considerable amounts of stone mud are produced, which can be weathered.
  • This weathered rock material can then either be introduced into the earth system as fertilizer on fields, meadows and forests, or serve as an additive for concrete and sand substitutes, thus providing a double benefit by removing CO2 from the atmosphere without incurring additional costs.
  • the type of rock determines the right one Use because not all hard rocks are suitable for fertilization, but can serve better as an aggregate for concrete.
  • This concrete can also be reinforced in such a way that carbon fiber stone layers or lamellas replace the previously used steel, in that the stone layers create the mechanical bridge between carbon fiber and concrete, as described in EPI 8830382, using the natural stone as an intermediate layer between carbon and concrete arranged provides the necessary flexibility and the most suitable temperature expansion behavior as an intermediary between the completely different materials carbon fiber and concrete.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des fibres de carbone qui sont fabriquées à partir de CO2 sur la base de différentes chaînes de processus. Parmi elles se trouvent, outre la voie par synthèse Fischer-Tropsch, également des voies par l'intermédiaire de matières premières naturelles, pour produire des matières premières de base pour fibres de carbone telles que PAN à partir de CO2, telles que de la biomasse terrestre ou de la biomasse algale, une étape de processus étant également intégrée, laquelle garantit le prélèvement économique et naturel de CO2 dans la mer et donc indirectement également dans l'air. Outre le prélèvement de biomasse dans le sol, cela se fait par exemple par le prélèvement de macroalgues dans la mer, lesquelles sont transformées, au moyen de bactéries, de champignons ou de levures, en alcanes ou en alcools, qui servent de combustible pour assurer l'alimentation en énergie renouvelable et qui émettent alors du CO2 quasiment pur et de l'eau. Le CO2 atmosphérique, qui est en partie d'origine anthropogénique, doit ainsi être transformé par l'intermédiaire d'un processus de récupération d'énergie sous forme de courant électrique, à un état d'agrégat solide de la fibre de carbone, qui peut être placée en stockage final à la fin du cycle de vie, après avoir eu une grande valeur d'utilité comme matériau de construction pour l'industrie et l'homme, pour la construction de bâtiments et d'autres ouvrages tels que des ponts et des véhicules.
PCT/EP2023/000010 2022-01-29 2023-01-29 Matériaux de construction à base de fibres de carbone, fabriquées à partir de co2 WO2023143856A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202022000235.1U DE202022000235U1 (de) 2022-01-29 2022-01-29 Baumaterialien aus Carbonfasern, die aus CO2 hergestellt werden
DE202022000235.1 2022-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023143856A2 true WO2023143856A2 (fr) 2023-08-03
WO2023143856A3 WO2023143856A3 (fr) 2024-05-16

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DE (1) DE202022000235U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023143856A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2935148B1 (fr) * 2008-08-25 2010-08-27 Arkema France Procede de fabrication de fibres de carbone.
DE202008015775U1 (de) * 2008-11-27 2009-03-05 Kuse, Kolja CO2-Emissionen-freier Baustoff aus CO2
DE202016006700U1 (de) * 2016-11-01 2017-04-26 Kolja Kuse Carbonfaser
CN112912337A (zh) * 2018-10-29 2021-06-04 C2Cnt 有限责任公司 以低碳足迹生产的碳纳米材料用于生产具有低co2排放的复合材料的用途
DE202019001192U1 (de) 2019-03-11 2019-10-15 Uwe Arnold Bakterien- und Pilz- oder Hefe-basierte Carbonfasern Verbund- und Hybrid-Werkstoffe aus CO2

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WO2023143856A3 (fr) 2024-05-16
DE202022000235U1 (de) 2022-02-11

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