WO2023143270A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023143270A1
WO2023143270A1 PCT/CN2023/072704 CN2023072704W WO2023143270A1 WO 2023143270 A1 WO2023143270 A1 WO 2023143270A1 CN 2023072704 W CN2023072704 W CN 2023072704W WO 2023143270 A1 WO2023143270 A1 WO 2023143270A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connection
information
access gateway
network element
3gpp access
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2023/072704
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于游洋
时书锋
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202210317156.7A external-priority patent/CN116567744A/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023143270A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023143270A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • the third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) formulated the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) network architecture.
  • the 5G network architecture supports the wireless access technology defined by 3GPP to access the core network, and also supports non-3GPP access. Technology access to the core network.
  • the session supports access to the core network through multiple access technologies, so as to realize the movement or concurrency of service flows between different access technologies.
  • a session can access the core network through the first access technology, and the service flow 1 of the session is transmitted through the first access technology, and subsequent sessions can access the core network through the second access technology.
  • Two access technologies for transmission are possible.
  • the service flow switching of the session only supports the switching between the access gateway of the 3GPP access technology and the access gateway of the non-3GPP access technology, and does not support the switching between the access gateways of the non-3GPP access technology.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device to realize switching of service flows between access gateways of non-3GPP access technologies.
  • a communication method including the following process: a session management network element establishes a first connection of a user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway; a session management network element receives a request message, and the request message is used to request to pass through the second
  • the non-3GPP access gateway establishes the second connection of the user equipment; the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message; the session management network element sends the session management information and the corresponding session management information to the access management network element access gateway information.
  • the access gateway information is used to determine the access gateway, and more specifically, the access gateway information is used to determine the non-3GPP access gateway (for example, the first non-3GPP access gateway or the second non-3GPP access gateway).
  • the non-3GPP access gateway is the access gateway used when the user equipment accesses the core network through the non-3GPP access technology, and the non-3GPP access gateway supports the non-3GPP access technology.
  • the user equipment may initiate a session establishment process to realize the establishment of the first connection.
  • the user equipment establishes the first connection through the first non-3GPP access gateway and accesses the core network. Changes in non-3GPP access gateways, changes in non-3GPP access gateways due to poor network conditions, or changes in non-3GPP access points due to user equipment movement or poor network conditions.
  • the session management network element can switch from the first connection to the second connection, that is, switch from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the non-3GPP access point is an access network device between the user equipment and the non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the session management network element may receive the request message sent by the access management network element.
  • the user equipment may send a request message to the access management network element through the second non-3GPP access gateway to request to establish the first session through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • Two connection indication information the access management network element sends a request message to the session management network element according to the indication information.
  • the first connection corresponds to the first non-3GPP access gateway
  • the second connection corresponds to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the first connection is a non-3GPP link established through a first non-3GPP access gateway, including a control plane connection or/and a user plane connection
  • the second connection is a non-3GPP link established through a second non-3GPP access gateway non-3GPP links, including control plane connections or/and user plane connections.
  • a user plane connection is one or more user plane connections related to a session.
  • the session management network element determines (needs/will/want/allow) to switch from the first connection to the second connection, which can also be understood as determining (need/will/want/allow) to switch from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second connection.
  • the second 3GPP access gateway determines (needs/will/want/allow) to switch from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second connection.
  • the session management network element instructs the access management network element to access the first non-3GPP access gateway and/or the second non-3GPP access gateway by sending session management information and corresponding access gateway information to the access management network element.
  • the gateway sends session management information for releasing the first connection and/or establishing the second connection, so as to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the access gateway information is indication information of a non-3GPP wireless access type
  • the indication information of a non-3GPP wireless access type is used to determine the access gateway.
  • the indication information of the non-3GPP wireless access type includes the indication information of the untrusted non-3GPP (non-3GPP) access type, the indication information of the trusted non-3GPP access type, and the indication information of the untrusted WLAN access type information or an indication of the type of trusted WLAN access. That is to say, the non-3GPP wireless access type includes an untrusted non-3GPP access type, a trusted non-3GPP access type, an untrusted wireless local area network WLAN access type, or a trusted WLAN access type.
  • the session management network element sends the indication information of the non-3GPP wireless access type to the access management network element, so that the access management network element determines to send the session management information to the corresponding access gateway according to the indication information.
  • the access type of the first non-3GPP access gateway and the access type of the second non-3GPP access gateway may be the same or different.
  • the wireless access types of the first non-3GPP access gateway and the second non-3GPP access gateway are also different.
  • the first connection is trusted non-3GPP access or trusted WLAN access
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway is a trusted non-3GPP access gateway (trusted non-3GPP gateway function, TNGF ).
  • the second connection is an untrusted non-3GPP access or an untrusted WLAN access
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway is a non-3GPP interworking function (N3IWF).
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway is N3IWF.
  • the second non3GPP access gateway is TNGF.
  • the session management network element can establish the second connection and release the first connection, or the session management network element can establish the second connection and maintain the first connection and the second connection at the same time, and the reserved first connection and the second connection Connections can be used for data transfer.
  • the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message, and sends the session management information and the corresponding access Handover between 3GPP access gateways. And the method can also guarantee business continuity.
  • the request message includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate switching from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the session management network element when the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message, the session management network element may determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the first indication information.
  • the request message when the access type of the first non-3GPP access gateway is the same as the access type of the second non-3GPP access gateway, the request message includes the first indication information.
  • the request message includes the access type of the second connection.
  • the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message
  • the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the access type of the first connection and the access type of the second connection. Switch to the second connection.
  • the request message includes the access type of the second connection.
  • the access type of the first connection or the access type of the second connection may be the above-mentioned non-3GPP wireless access type, including untrusted non-3GPP access type, trusted non-3GPP Access type, untrusted WLAN access type, or trusted WLAN access type.
  • the request message includes the first indication information and the access type of the second connection.
  • the session management network element when the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message, the session management network element , to determine switching from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the access type is used to indicate the corresponding access technology.
  • the types of access include wired access and wireless access.
  • the access types include trusted access and untrusted access.
  • the access types include trusted non-3GPP access, untrusted non-3GPP access, and wired access.
  • the access type includes trusted wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) access and untrusted WLAN access.
  • the request message also includes session identification information.
  • the session management network element may determine to switch the session identified by the session identification information from the first connection to the second connection according to the session identification information.
  • the second connection here, the session management network element can determine which session to switch according to the session identification information.
  • the session management network element may determine to switch the session from the first connection to the second connection according to the first indication information and the session identification information.
  • the session management network element may determine to switch the session from the first connection to the second connection according to the access type of the first connection, the access type of the second connection, and session identification information.
  • the session management network element may also send the access type of the second connection to the policy control network element, and the access type of the second connection is used to determine the offload policy.
  • the access type of the second connection The input type is used for the policy control network element to determine the distribution policy.
  • the above distribution strategy is a distribution mode, and the distribution mode includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: active/standby distribution mode, priority distribution mode, load balancing distribution mode, and minimum delay distribution mode.
  • the policy control network element can update the offloading policy, or can keep the current offloading policy unchanged, so as to realize the switching of the service flow between the non-3GPP access gateways.
  • the session management information is information used to establish the second connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is the information of the second non-3GPP access gateway
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is The second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the session management network element sends the information for establishing the second connection and the information of the second non-3GPP access gateway to the access management network element, and the access management network element may send the information for the second non-3GPP access gateway to the second non-3GPP access gateway Information for establishing the second connection.
  • switching from the first connection to the second connection can be realized, And switching from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second non-3GPP access gateway, so as to ensure service continuity.
  • the information of the second non-3GPP access gateway may include identification information of the second non-3GPP access gateway and/or address information of the second non-3GPP access gateway, for example, the address information of the second non-3GPP access gateway may include the following One or more: Internet protocol (internet protocol, IP) address, media access control (medium access control, MAC) address, fully qualified domain name (fully qualified domain name, FQDN), Ethernet address or port number.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • MAC media access control
  • FQDN fully qualified domain name
  • Ethernet address or port number Ethernet address or port number.
  • the session management network element may also send session management information to the access gateway corresponding to the non-3GPP wireless access type based on the non-3GPP wireless access type.
  • the corresponding access gateway is TNGF; when the non-3GPP access type is untrusted non-3GPP access , or untrusted WLAN access, the corresponding access gateway is N3IWF.
  • the session management network element may send session management information to the access gateway corresponding to the non-3GPP wireless access type through the access management network element.
  • the session management information is information used to release the first connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is the information of the first non-3GPP access gateway
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is A first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the session management network element sends the information for releasing the first connection and the information of the first non-3GPP access gateway to the access management network element, and the access management network element may send the information for the first non-3GPP access gateway to the first non-3GPP access gateway Release the information of the first connection.
  • the information of the first non-3GPP access gateway may include identification information of the first non-3GPP access gateway and/or address information of the first non-3GPP access gateway and/or wireless access supported by the first non-3GPP access gateway technology type.
  • the address information of the first non-3GPP access gateway may include one or more of the following: IP address, MAC address, FQDN, Ethernet address or port number.
  • the wireless access technology type supported by the first non-3GPP access gateway may include one of the following: an indication of an untrusted non3GPP access technology, an indication of a trusted non3GPP access technology, an indication of an untrusted WLAN access technology, an indication of a trusted WLAN access technology into the technical instructions.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway is TNGF.
  • the wireless access technology type is an untrusted non-3GPP access technology or an untrusted WLAN access technology
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway is N3IWF.
  • the session management network element may also send second indication information to the user plane network element, where the second indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the first connection and the second connection are maintained at the same time.
  • the first connection can also be released later, such as after switching to the second connection or when the data transmission of the first connection is completed. Keep the second connection.
  • the data transmitted by using the first connection and the data transmitted by using the second connection may be the same or different.
  • the user plane network element may perform deduplication processing on the same uplink data received simultaneously by using the first connection and the second connection.
  • the session management network element may also send third indication information to the user plane network element, where the third indication information is used to indicate switching from the first connection to the second connection, so that the user plane network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the session management network element may also send third indication information to the user plane network element, where the third indication information is used to indicate switching from the first connection to the second connection, so that the user plane network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • One connection is handed over to a second connection, thereby ensuring business continuity.
  • the session management network element may also receive fourth indication information sent by the user plane network element, where the fourth indication information is used to release the first connection.
  • the session management information is information used to release the first connection
  • the access gateway corresponding to the session management information is the first non-3GPP access gateway, that is to say, the session management network element releases the first connection according to the fourth instruction information. a connection.
  • the session management network element may also receive fifth indication information sent by the first non-3GPP access network element, where the fifth indication information is used to release the first connection.
  • the session management network element according to the fifth indication information, Release the first connection.
  • the session management network element may also release the first connection according to the fourth indication information and the fifth indication information.
  • the session management network element may allocate address information different from that of the first connection to the second connection according to the offload function supported by the session.
  • the distribution function can be a multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) distribution function or a multipath (multipath, MP)-fast user datagram protocol (user datagram protocol, UDP) network connection (quick UDP internet connection, QUIC) Shunt function.
  • MPTCP multipath transmission control protocol
  • UDP user datagram protocol
  • QUIC quick UDP internet connection
  • a communication method including the following process: an access management network element establishes a first connection of a user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway; the access management network element receives a first request message, and the first request message It is used to request to establish a second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway; the access management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection; the access management network element sends the second request message to the session management network element , the second request message is used to request to establish the second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway; the access management network element receives the session management information and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information; the access management network element sends The access gateway corresponding to the access gateway information sends session management information.
  • the access management network element when the access management network element establishes the first connection of the user equipment through the first non-3GPP access gateway, the user equipment may initiate a session establishment process to realize the establishment of the first connection.
  • the user equipment establishes the first connection through the first non-3GPP access gateway and accesses the core network.
  • the access management network element can switch from the first connection to the second connection, that is, realize Handover from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element may receive the first request message sent by the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment may send the first request message to the second non-3GPP access gateway, and the second non-3GPP access gateway sends the first request message to the access gateway.
  • the incoming management network element sends the first request message.
  • the access management gateway may determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the first request message.
  • the first request message may include indication information for requesting to establish the second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway, and the access management gateway determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the indication information. connect.
  • the first request message may include session identification information, and the access management gateway may determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the session slice identified by the session identification information.
  • the access gateway information is used to determine the access network element.
  • the access gateway information is indication information of a non-3GPP wireless access type.
  • the non-3GPP wireless access type includes an untrusted non-3GPP access type, a trusted non-3GPP access type, an untrusted WLAN access type, or a trusted WLAN access type.
  • the access management network element determines (needs/will/want/allow) to switch from the first connection to the second connection, which can also be understood as determining (needs/will/want/allows) to switch from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second 3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element can establish the second connection and release the first connection, or the access management network element can establish the second connection and maintain the first connection and the second connection at the same time, while maintaining the first connection And the second connection can be used for data transfer.
  • the access management network element sends session management information to the second non-3GPP access gateway, and when releasing the first connection, the access management network element sends session management information to the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message,
  • the session management information is sent through the corresponding access gateway to realize switching of non-3GPP access gateways, thereby ensuring service continuity.
  • the access management network element determines that the second non-3GPP access gateway supports slicing.
  • the access management network element determines that the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway includes the slice of the second connection. That is to say, in this implementation, when the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway includes the slice of the second connection, the access management network element can determine to switch the session from the first connection to the second connection, and then report to the session management The network element sends the second request message.
  • the second request includes session identification information, and the session management network element determines to switch the first connection of the session to the second connection based on the session identification information.
  • the access management network element When the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway does not include the slice of the second connection, the access management network element initiates the release process of the session, for example, the access management network element sends a release request message to the session management network element for Release the first connection for this session.
  • the second request includes session identification information, and the session management network element determines to release the first connection of the session based on the session identification information.
  • whether the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway includes the slice of the second connection may be whether the slice information supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway includes the slice information of the second connection, or may be the slice information of the second non-3GPP access Whether the slice type supported by the gateway includes the slice type of the second connection.
  • the second request message includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate switching from the first connection to the second connection; and/or the second request message includes the access type of the second connection .
  • the access type of the second connection may be the foregoing non-3GPP wireless access type.
  • the session management information is information used to establish the second connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is information about the second non-3GPP access gateway
  • the session management information is used for Release the information of the first connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is the information of the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element may also store the first connection or the first identification information of the first non-3GPP access gateway or the type of the first non-3GPP access gateway; and/or store the second connection Or the second identification information of the second non-3GPP access gateway or the type of the second non-3GPP access gateway. In this way, the access management network element can distinguish the first connection from the second connection, so as to determine whether to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the first identification information and the second identification information may be set by the access management network element, or may be set by the session management network element and sent to the access management network element.
  • the access management network element when the access management network element sends session management information to the access gateway corresponding to the access gateway information, the access management network element may determine the first The non-3GPP access gateway and the second non-3GPP access gateway send information for releasing the first connection to the first non-3GPP access gateway, and/or send information for establishing the second connection to the second non-3GPP access gateway Information.
  • the access management network element when the access management network element sends session management information to the access gateway corresponding to the access gateway information, the access management network element may determine the first The non-3GPP access type of the non-3GPP access gateway and the second non-3GPP access gateway; the access management network element is based on the non-3GPP wireless access type of the first non-3GPP access gateway and the non-3GPP wireless access type of the second non-3GPP access gateway Non-3GPP wireless access type, sending information for releasing the first connection to the first non-3GPP access gateway, and/or sending information for establishing the second connection to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element after the access management network element determines the different non-3GPP access types, it can determine which non-3GPP access gateway to send based on the indication information of the non-3GPP access type sent by the session management network element, that is, send The non-3GPP access gateway corresponding to the indication information of the non-3GPP access type.
  • the access management network element when the access management network element sends session management information to the access gateway corresponding to the access gateway information, the access management network element may the type of the ingress gateway and the type of the second non-3GPP access gateway), determine the non-3GPP wireless access type of the first non-3GPP access gateway, and the non-3GPP wireless access type of the second non-3GPP access gateway; According to the non-3GPP wireless access type of the first non-3GPP access gateway and the non-3GPP wireless access type of the second non-3GPP access gateway, the management network element sends a message for releasing the first connection to the first non-3GPP access gateway. information, and/or send information for establishing the second connection to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the non-3GPP wireless access type of the non-3GPP access gateway can be a trusted non-3GPP access type or a trusted WLAN access type
  • the non-3GPP access The type of the gateway is N3IWF
  • the non-3GPP wireless access type of the non-3GPP access gateway can be an untrusted non-3GPP access type or an untrusted WLAN access type.
  • a communication method including the following process: the user equipment establishes a first connection of the user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway; the user equipment determines that it is necessary to switch from the first connection to the second connection; the user equipment according to the policy information, select a second non-3GPP access gateway corresponding to the second connection; the user equipment establishes the second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment when the user equipment establishes the first connection of the user equipment through the first non-3GPP access gateway, the user equipment may initiate a session establishment process to realize the establishment of the first connection.
  • the user equipment establishes the first connection through the first non-3GPP access gateway and accesses the core network.
  • the non-3GPP access gateway changes due to the movement of the user equipment or the poor network status
  • the non-3GPP access gateway changes due to the change of the non-3GPP access point due to the movement of the user equipment or the poor network status
  • the user equipment can determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the connection is switched to the second connection, that is, switching from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second non-3GPP access gateway is implemented.
  • the determination (need/will/want/allow) of the user equipment to switch from the first connection to the second connection can also be understood as determining (need/will/want/allow) to switch from the first non-3GPP access gateway to the second 3GPP access gateway.
  • Policy information issued by the core network is stored in the user equipment, and the policy information is used to select a non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment establishes the second connection through the second non-3GPP access gateway and releases the first connection, or the user equipment establishes the second connection through the second non-3GPP access gateway and simultaneously maintains the first connection and the second connection, while maintaining the second connection
  • a connection and a second connection can be used for data transfer.
  • the user equipment determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection, selects the second non-3GPP access gateway corresponding to the second connection according to the policy information, and can switch the non-3GPP access gateway, thereby ensuring service continuity.
  • the user equipment when the user equipment selects the second non-3GPP access gateway corresponding to the second connection according to the policy information, the user equipment may select the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the session slice, where the second Slices supported by non-3GPP access gateways include session slices.
  • the user equipment when the user equipment selects the second non-3GPP access gateway corresponding to the second connection according to the policy information, the user equipment may select the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the slice corresponding to the first connection,
  • the slice corresponding to the second connection includes the slice corresponding to the first connection.
  • the slice corresponding to the second connection may be a slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway, and the slice corresponding to the first connection may be a slice supported by the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the slice corresponding to the first connection includes a session slice.
  • the user equipment selects the second non-3GPP network corresponding to the second connection according to the policy information.
  • the user equipment may select the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the priority of the slice corresponding to the second connection.
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway supports the priority of the slice corresponding to the second connection.
  • the user equipment may select the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the slice priority. For example, the user equipment selects the second non-3GPP access gateway that supports the first-priority slice according to the slice priority. If the first-priority slice cannot be selected or does not support the first-priority slice, the user equipment chooses to support the second-priority slice If the second priority slice cannot be selected or does not support the second priority slice, the user equipment continues to select the second non-3GPP access gateway that supports the third priority slice until the second priority slice is selected. Two non-3GPP access gateways. Optionally, the first priority is higher than the second priority, and the second priority is higher than the third priority.
  • the user equipment when the user equipment establishes the second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway, the user equipment may send a request message to the second non-3GPP access gateway, where the request message is used to request to pass The second non-3GPP access gateway establishes the second connection of the user equipment.
  • the user equipment may also receive information for releasing the first connection sent by the first non-3GPP access gateway; the user equipment releases the first connection.
  • the network side may initiate a release process of the first connection.
  • the user equipment may also use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the data transmitted by using the first connection and the data transmitted by using the second connection may be the same or different.
  • the first connection and the second connection are maintained at the same time.
  • the first connection can also be released later, such as after switching to the second connection or when the data transmission of the first connection is completed. Keep the second connection.
  • the user may perform deduplication processing on the same downlink data received simultaneously by using the first connection and the second connection.
  • the user equipment may also send a connection release request message to the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment may initiate a release procedure of the first connection.
  • the connection release request message includes indication information, where the indication information is used to instruct the first non-3GPP access gateway to send an end data packet to the user plane network element.
  • the user equipment may also receive first address information, where the first address information corresponds to the first connection, and/or receive second address information, where the second address information corresponds to the second connection.
  • the first address information and the second address information may be used to distinguish the first connection from the second connection, or used to distinguish the first non-3GPP access gateway from the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the first address information may be allocated for the first connection by the network side (such as a session management network element or a user plane network element), and the second address information may be allocated for the second connection by the network side.
  • the user equipment may use the second address information to encapsulate the data packet, and then the user equipment sends the data packet based on the second connection corresponding to the second address information.
  • a communication method including the following process: a user plane network element establishes a first connection of a user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway; the user plane network element receives third indication information, and the third indication information is used for Instructing to switch from the first connection to the second connection; the user plane network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the third indication information; the user plane network element uses the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the session management network element sends third indication information to the user plane network element.
  • the user plane gateway determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the indication information, and then uses the second connection for data transmission, realizing the slicing of service flows between non-3GPP access gateways, thereby ensuring business continuity.
  • the user plane network element may also receive second indication information, where the second indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission;
  • the user plane network element may use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the first connection and the second connection are maintained at the same time.
  • the first connection can also be released later, such as after switching to the second connection or when the data transmission of the first connection is completed. Keep the second connection.
  • the session management network element sends the second indication information to the user plane network element.
  • the data transmitted by using the first connection and the data transmitted by using the second connection may be the same or different.
  • the user plane network element may perform deduplication processing on the same uplink data received simultaneously by using the first connection and the second connection.
  • the user plane network element may also receive the end data packet.
  • the user equipment may send a connection release request message to the first non-3GPP access gateway, and the first non-3GPP access gateway sends an end data packet to the user plane network element according to the connection release request message.
  • the user plane network element sends fourth indication information to the session management network element based on the end data packet.
  • the session management network element releases the first connection based on the fourth indication information.
  • the user plane network element can allocate address information different from the first connection for the second connection according to the offload function supported by the session, and the user plane network element sends the address information allocated for the second connection to the session management network element. Address information.
  • the offloading function may be an MPTCP offloading function or an MP-QUIC offloading function.
  • a communication method including the following process: a first non-3GPP access gateway receives a connection release request message; the first non-3GPP access gateway sends an end data packet to a user plane network element.
  • the connection release request message includes indication information, where the indication information is used to instruct the first non-3GPP access gateway to send an end data packet to the user plane network element.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway sends the end data packet to the user plane network element
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway sends the end data packet to the user plane network element according to the indication information.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway can send uplink data and/or downlink data.
  • a communication device may be a session management network element or an access management network element or a user equipment or a user plane network element or a non-3GPP access gateway, or be configured as a session management network element or an access network element. Incoming management network elements or user equipment or user plane network elements or chips in non-3GPP access gateways.
  • the communication device may implement the method provided in any one of the above aspects.
  • the communication device includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for implementing the above method, and the module, unit, or means may be implemented by hardware, software, or by executing corresponding software on hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • a communication device including a transceiver unit.
  • the communication device further includes a processing unit.
  • the communication device may implement any aspect or any one of any aspect to implement the provided method.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor may be used to execute any one of the above-mentioned aspects or any one of any one of the aspects to realize the provided method.
  • the device further includes a memory, the processor is coupled to the memory, and the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions, and the processor can execute the programs or instructions in the memory, so that the device can perform any of the above aspects or any Any one of the aspects implements the provided methods.
  • a communication device includes an interface circuit and a logic circuit, and the logic circuit is coupled to the interface circuit.
  • the interface circuit can be a code/data read and write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer execution instructions (computer-executable instructions are stored in memory, may be read directly from memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmitted to the logic circuit, so that the logic circuit executes the computer-executable instructions to perform any or all of the above aspects Either implement the provided method.
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system.
  • a communication device including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, and can receive signals through the receiver and transmit signals through the transmitter, so as to execute any one of the above aspects or any one of the aspects to realize the provided method.
  • processors there may be one or more processors, and one or more memories.
  • the memory can be integrated with the processor, or the memory can be set separately from the processor.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be set in different On the chip, the application does not limit the type of the memory and the arrangement of the memory and the processor.
  • a non-transitory memory such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM)
  • ROM read only memory
  • the communication device can be a chip, and the processor can be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor can be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processing
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, and may be implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory.
  • the memory may be integrated in the processor, or it may be located outside the processor and exist independently.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is used to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, so that the processor executes any one of the above-mentioned aspects or any one of the aspects to implement the provided method.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a chip
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by the receiver, for example but not limited to, the signal output by the output circuit may be output to the transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter, for example but not limited to, and the input circuit and the output
  • the circuit may be the same circuit, which is used as an input circuit and an output circuit respectively at different times.
  • the present application does not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a communication device including: a logic circuit and an input-output interface, the input-output interface is used to communicate with modules other than the communication device; the logic circuit is used to run computer programs or instructions to perform any of the above In one aspect, any one design provides the method.
  • the communication device may be a session management network element or an access management network element or a user equipment or a user plane network element or a non-3GPP access gateway in any of the above aspects, or include the above session management network element or access management network element or User equipment or user plane network elements or non-3GPP access gateway devices, or the above-mentioned session management network elements or access management network elements or devices contained in user equipment or user plane network elements or non-3GPP access gateways, such as chips.
  • the I/O interface may be a code/data read/write interface circuit, or a communication interface, and the I/O interface is used to receive computer programs or instructions (the computer programs or instructions are stored in the memory, may be directly read from the memory, or may through other devices) and transmitted to the input-output interface, so that the input-output interface runs a computer program or instruction to perform the method of any one of the above aspects.
  • the communication device may be a chip.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or an instruction), when the computer program is executed, the computer executes any or all of the above aspects Either implement the provided method.
  • a computer-readable medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction) when it is run on a computer, so that the computer performs any of the above-mentioned aspects or any Any one of the aspects implements the provided methods.
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or instruction
  • a chip system in a fifteenth aspect, includes a processor and an interface, configured to support a communication device to implement any one of the above aspects or any one of the functions provided by any one of the aspects.
  • the chip system further includes a memory for storing necessary information and data of the aforementioned communication device.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a chip device in a sixteenth aspect, includes an input interface and/or an output interface.
  • the input interface can realize the receiving function provided by any one of the above aspects or any one of the aspects
  • the output interface can realize the sending function provided by any one of the above aspects or any one of the aspects.
  • a functional entity is provided, and the functional entity is used to implement any one of the above-mentioned aspects or any one of the aspects to implement the provided method.
  • a communication system including the session management network element of the above-mentioned first aspect and the access management network element of the above-mentioned second aspect.
  • the communications system further includes the user equipment in the third aspect above.
  • the communication system further includes the user plane network element in the fourth aspect.
  • the communication system further includes the first non-3GPP access gateway and the second non-3GPP access gateway of the fifth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of session access
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-access architecture
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a communication process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a service-oriented architecture.
  • the 5G network architecture shown in Figure 1 the It includes three parts, namely terminal equipment part, data network (data network, DN) and operator network part.
  • terminal equipment part data network (data network, DN)
  • operator network part The functions of some of the network elements are briefly introduced and described below.
  • the operator network may include one or more of the following network elements: authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element, network exposure function (network exposure function, NEF) network element, policy control function (policy control function (PCF) network element, unified data management (unified data management, UDM) network element, unified database (unified data repository, UDR), network storage function (network repository function, NRF) network element, access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) network element, session management function (session management function, SMF) network element, radio access network (radioaccess network, RAN) and user plane function (user plane function, UPF) network element, etc.
  • the part other than the radio access network part may be referred to as the core network part.
  • the operator network also includes an application function (Application Function, AF) network element.
  • the AF may not belong to the operator's network, but to a third party.
  • Terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.).
  • the terminal device can be a mobile phone (mobile phone), tablet computer (pad), computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal, industrial control (industrial control) Wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety, smart Wireless terminals in a city (smart city), wireless terminals in a smart home (smart home), user equipment (user equipment, UE), etc.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • industrial control industrial control
  • the above-mentioned terminal device can establish a connection with the operator network through an interface provided by the operator network (such as N1, etc.), and use services such as data and/or voice provided by the operator network.
  • the terminal device can also access the DN through the operator's network, and use the operator's service deployed on the DN, and/or the service provided by a third party.
  • the above-mentioned third party may be a service provider other than the operator's network and the terminal device, and may provide services such as data and/or voice for the terminal device.
  • the specific form of expression of the above-mentioned third party can be determined according to the actual application scenario, and is not limited here.
  • the RAN is a sub-network of the operator's network and an implementation system between service nodes and terminal equipment in the operator's network.
  • the terminal equipment To access the operator's network, the terminal equipment first passes through the RAN, and then can be connected to the service node of the operator's network through the RAN.
  • a RAN device is a device that provides a wireless communication function for a terminal device, and the RAN device is also called an access network device.
  • RAN equipment includes but is not limited to: next-generation base station (g nodeB, gNB), evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseBand unit, BBU) , transmission point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmission point (transmitting point, TP), mobile switching center, etc.
  • next-generation base station g nodeB, gNB
  • evolved node B evolved node B
  • eNB evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • base station controller base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • the core network part includes user plane functions and control plane functions.
  • User plane functions include UPF network elements. As the interface with the data network, the UPF network element completes functions such as user plane data (such as packet data packet) forwarding, quality of service (quality of service, QoS) control, session/flow-based charging statistics, and bandwidth limitation.
  • user plane data such as packet data packet
  • quality of service quality of service, QoS
  • session/flow-based charging statistics and bandwidth limitation.
  • the control plane function mainly performs user registration and authentication, mobility management, and sends data packet forwarding policies and QoS control policies to the user plane functions.
  • Control plane functions can be further refined to include network elements other than UPF network elements, such as AMF NE and SMF NE, etc.
  • the AMF network element mainly performs the registration process when the user accesses, as well as the location management, access authentication/authorization and other functions during the user's mobile process. In addition, it is also responsible for transferring user policies between UE and PCF.
  • the SMF network element mainly establishes the corresponding session connection when the user initiates a service, and provides specific services for the user, such as sending data packet forwarding policies and QoS policies to the UPF based on the NG4 interface between the SMF and the UPF.
  • the AUSF network element is mainly responsible for authenticating users, determining the legitimacy of user equipment, and determining whether to allow users or equipment to access the network.
  • the UDM network element is mainly responsible for storing user equipment subscription data, user access authorization and other functions.
  • UDR is mainly responsible for the access function of contract data, policy data, application data and other types of data.
  • the PCF network element is mainly responsible for delivering service-related policies to the AMF or SMF.
  • NEF network elements are mainly used to support the opening of capabilities and events.
  • the AF network element mainly transmits the requirements of the application side to the network side to the PCF, so that the PCF generates corresponding policies.
  • the AF may be a third-party functional entity, or an application service deployed by an operator, such as an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IP Multimedia Subsystem, IMS) voice call service.
  • IP Multimedia Subsystem IP Multimedia Subsystem, IMS
  • the NRF network element can be used to provide a network element discovery function, and provide network element information corresponding to the network element type based on the request of other network elements.
  • NRF also provides network element management services, such as network element registration, update, de-registration, network element status subscription and push, etc.
  • DN is a network outside the operator's network.
  • the operator's network can access multiple DNs, and various services can be deployed on the DN, which can provide data and/or voice services for terminal equipment.
  • DN is a private network of a smart factory.
  • the sensors installed in the workshop of the smart factory can be terminal devices.
  • the control server of the sensor is deployed in the DN, and the control server can provide services for the sensor.
  • the sensor can communicate with the control server, obtain instructions from the control server, and transmit the collected sensor data to the control server according to the instructions.
  • DN is a company's internal office network, and the mobile phone or computer of the company's employees can be a terminal device, and the employee's mobile phone or computer can access information and data resources on the company's internal office network.
  • Nausf, Nnef, Npcf, Nudm, Naf, Namf, Nsmf, N1, N2, N3, N4, and N6 are interface serial numbers.
  • the meanings of these interface serial numbers may refer to the meanings defined in the third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) standard agreement, and no limitation is made here.
  • the 5G network architecture supports radio access technology (radio access technology, RAT) defined by 3GPP to access the core network (core network, CN).
  • the RAT defined by 3GPP includes long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), 5G RAN, etc.
  • the 5G network architecture also supports non-3GPP (non-3GPP, N3G) access technologies accessing the core through the non-3GPP interworking function (non-3GPP interworking function, N3IWF) or next generation access gateway (next generation packet data gateway, ngPDG) network.
  • the 5G network architecture When the 5G core network (5G core, 5GC) supports non-3GPP access, the 5G network architecture is shown in Figure 2.
  • the access network includes a 3GPP access network and a non-3GPP access network.
  • Access devices in the 3GPP access network may be called radio access network (radio access network, RAN) devices.
  • N3IWF is a non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the non-3GPP access network may include, for example, an untrusted wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN) access network, and the N3IWF device may include, for example, a router.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the 5G core network also supports trusted non-3GPP access and/or wired network access.
  • the trusted non-3GPP access network may include, for example, a trusted WLAN network
  • the wired network may include, for example, a fixed home network network access (hereinafter referred to as fixed network), etc.
  • the 5G core network supports trusted non-3GPP access, its 5G network architecture is similar to Figure 2.
  • the untrusted non-3GPP access in Figure 2 can be replaced with trusted non-3GPP access, and the N3IWF can be replaced with a trusted non-3GPP access gateway (trusted non-3GPP gateway function, TNGF) .
  • the 5G core network supports wired network access, its 5G network architecture is similar to Figure 2.
  • the untrusted non-3GPP access in FIG. 2 can be replaced by a wired network access, and the N3IWF can be replaced by a wired network access gateway function (wireline access gateway function, W-AGF).
  • the access network equipment between the UE and the access gateway may include a WLAN access point (access point, AP), a fixed access network equipment (fixed access network, FAN), a switch, a router, and the like.
  • the non-3GPP access technology includes access technologies such as trusted WLAN access, untrusted WLAN access, or wired network access. Regardless of whether it is trusted non-3GPP access or untrusted non-3GPP access, the core network can use the 3GPP access core network architecture and service interface shown in Figure 1, or the network shown in Figure 2 Architecture and point-to-point interface protocol.
  • the above-mentioned network element or function may be a network element in a hardware device, or a software function running on dedicated hardware, or a virtualization function instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • a platform for example, a cloud platform.
  • the foregoing network element or function may be implemented by one device, or jointly implemented by multiple devices, or may be a functional module in one device, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobility management network element, session management network element, policy control network element, access network device, and user plane network element in this application may be AMF, SMF, PCF, RAN, and UPF in Figure 1 or Figure 2, respectively, It may also be a network element having the functions of the above-mentioned AMF, SMF, PCF, RAN, and UPF in future communications such as the sixth generation (6G) network, which is not limited in this application.
  • 6G sixth generation
  • this application takes the above-mentioned AMF, SMF, PCF, RAN, and UPF as examples for the mobility management network element, session management network element, policy control network element, access network device, and user plane network element respectively.
  • the terminal device is UE as an example for description.
  • Sessions including multi-access PDU sessions and single-access PDU sessions.
  • a multi-access PDU (Multi-access PDU, MAPDU) session is a PDU session that supports multiple access technologies.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a PDU session and an access technology.
  • the PDU session can be accessed through the first access technology, and can also be accessed through the second access technology.
  • the PDU session may be called a MAPDU session.
  • a MAPDU session is identified by a MAPDU session ID (MAPDU session ID).
  • the first access technology is different from the second access technology, or they are the same access technology but different access network devices use the first access technology or the second access technology respectively.
  • the first access technology and the second access technology can be but not limited to any two of the following access types: 3GPP access, non-3GPP access, LTE access, 5GRAN access, trusted non- 3GPP access, non-trusted non-3GPP access, WLAN access, trusted WLAN access, untrusted WLAN access, wired network access (fixed network access), trusted Wi-Fi access, or Untrusted Wi-Fi access, etc.
  • the MAPDU session can realize the mobility or concurrency of service flows between different access technologies. If the service flow is transmitted through the first access technology, then the service flow is moved to be transmitted through the second access technology. Alternatively, the service data packets of the service flow are transmitted using the first access technology and the second access technology at the same time, so as to expand the bandwidth.
  • a single PDU session is a PDU session that supports single access technology.
  • a PDU session includes one or more QoS flows.
  • a PDU session is identified by a PDU session ID (PDU session ID).
  • the service flow includes a service data flow (service data flow, SDF), an IP data flow, an Ethernet data flow (or an Ethernet flow), or at least one QoS flow.
  • service data flow service data flow, SDF
  • IP data flow IP data flow
  • Ethernet data flow or an Ethernet flow
  • QoS flow QoS flow
  • a QoS flow includes one or more SDFs.
  • An SDF includes one or more IP flows, or includes one or more Ethernet flows.
  • An IP data packet or an Ethernet data packet in an SDF corresponds to the same service data flow description information.
  • An IP flow includes one or more IP data packets, and the IP data packets in an IP flow have the same IP quintuple information.
  • the IP quintuple information includes at least one of source IP address, destination IP address, source port number, destination port number or protocol number.
  • An Ethernet flow includes one or more Ethernet data packets, and the Ethernet data packets in an Ethernet flow have the same Ethernet flow description information.
  • the Ethernet flow description information includes at least one of a source MAC address or a destination MAC address.
  • the service data packet includes an IP data packet or an Ethernet data packet.
  • the distribution mode of the service data flow is used to indicate how the service data flow is routed, moved or split in the data transmission channels of the two access technologies.
  • the distribution mode of the service data flow includes but is not limited to: active-standby (active- Standby mode, smallest delay mode, load-balancing mode or priority-based mode.
  • Wireless access technology refers to the access technology that connects user terminals and network nodes through wireless media to realize information transmission between users and the network.
  • Access technologies include 3GPP access, non-3GPP access, LTE access, 5G NR access, trusted WLAN access, untrusted WLAN access, wired network access, etc.
  • LTE and 5G NR are 3GPP access technologies
  • WLAN access and wired network access are non-3GPP access technologies.
  • a plurality referred to in this application refers to two or more than two.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the embodiments of the present application are applicable to mobile communication systems, such as fourth generation (4th Generation, 4G) communication systems (such as LTE systems), 5G communication systems (such as new radio (new radio, NR) systems), And future mobile communication systems such as 6G, etc.
  • the mobile communication system supports multiple access technologies, for example, the 5GC network supports multiple access technologies, or the 5GC and evolved packet core network (evolved packet core, EPC) converged network supports multiple access technologies.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution provided by the embodiment of this application is for similar The same applies to technical issues.
  • FIG. 4 A schematic diagram of a multi-access architecture applicable to this embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • a UE can implement handover between non-3GPP access gateways.
  • the multi-access architecture includes a 3GPP access link, a first non-3GPP access link (path#1) and a second non-3GPP access link (path#2).
  • the base station supports 3GPP access technology as an access device, the UE can access the 5GC through the 3GPP access technology, and the base station communicates with the UPF in the 5GC through the N3 interface.
  • the non-trusted wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) AP supports non-3GPP access technology as an access device, and the UE can pass non-3GPP Access technology is connected to 5GC, and AP communicates with UPF in 5GC through non-3GPP access gateway N3IWF.
  • the trusted Wi-FiAP supports non-3GPP access technology as an access device, and the UE can access 5GC, Wi-Fi
  • the AP communicates with the UPF in the 5GC through the non-3GPP access gateway TNGF.
  • path#1 is the non-3GPP link on the source side
  • N3IWF is the non-3GPP access gateway on the source side
  • untrusted Wi-Fi AP is the non-3GPP access point on the source side
  • path #2 is the non-3GPP link on the target side
  • TNGF is the non-3GPP access gateway on the target side
  • the trusted Wi-Fi AP is the non-3GPP access point on the target side.
  • path#2 is the source-side non-3GPP link
  • TNGF is the source-side non-3GPP access gateway
  • trusted Wi-Fi AP is the source-side non-3GPP access point
  • path# 1 is the non-3GPP link on the target side
  • N3IWF is the non-3GPP access gateway on the target side
  • the untrusted Wi-Fi AP is the non-3GPP access point on the target side.
  • path#1 and path#2 can use the same access technology, but connect to different non-3GPP access gateways through different non-3GPP access devices, such as UE switching from one N3IWF to another N3IWF, another example is that the UE switches from one TNGF to another TNGF.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps:
  • the session management network element establishes a first connection of a user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the session management network element receives a request message, where the request message is used to request establishment of a second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • S503 The session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message.
  • the session management network element sends the session management information and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information to the access management network element.
  • the session management network element can initiate a handover from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message, so as to realize the handover between non-3GPP access gateways, thereby ensuring service continuity.
  • the non-3GPP access gateway is an access gateway in a non-3GPP access technology, and the user equipment establishes a connection through the non-3GPP access gateway and accesses a network of a non-3GPP access technology (hereinafter referred to as a non-3GPP network). Generally, the user equipment establishes a connection with the non-3GPP access gateway through the non-3GPP access point. In some cases, when the non-3GPP access point changes, the non-3GPP access gateway may also change, so that the service flow of the user equipment is switched from one non-3GPP access gateway to another non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the first connection and the second connection may be non-3GPP access technologies of the same access type, or may be non-3GPP access technologies of different access types.
  • the non-3GPP access is trusted non-3GPP access or wired network access
  • the non-3GPP access gateway can be TNGF.
  • non-3GPP access is untrusted 3GPP access or wired network access
  • non-3GPP access gateway can be N3IWF.
  • the first connection corresponds to the first non-3GPP access gateway, specifically, the first connection may be a non-3GPP link established through the first non-3GPP access gateway, or the first connection may be used before the session of the user equipment is switched Non-3GPP links.
  • the second connection corresponds to the second non-3GPP access gateway, specifically, the second connection may be a non-3GPP link established through the second non-3GPP access gateway, or the second connection may be used after the user equipment session is switched Non-3GPP links.
  • the "session" involved in this embodiment of the present application may be a multi-access (multi-access, MA) session or a single-access session.
  • a "session” may be a multi-access protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) session or a single-access PDU session.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the first connection may be a PDU session, or may be a connection in the MA PDU session
  • the second connection may be a PDU session, or may be another connection in the MA PDU session.
  • other devices in the non-3GPP network may also establish the first connection of the user equipment through the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element establishes the first connection of the user equipment through the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment establishes the first connection of the user equipment through the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment initiates a session establishment procedure, specifically, the user equipment may send a session establishment message to the first non-3GPP access gateway, and the first non-3GPP access gateway sends the session establishment message to the access management network element.
  • the session establishment message is a PDU session establishment (PDU session establishment) message
  • the PDU session establishment message includes MA PDU session request indication information for indicating that the PDU session is an MA PDU session.
  • the session management network element may receive the request message sent by the access management network element.
  • the access management network element receives the request message, the request message requests to establish the second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway, and the access management network element sends the request message to the session management gateway.
  • the request message received by the access management network element is called the first request message
  • the request message received by the session management network element is called the second request message.
  • the access management network element establishes a first connection of the user equipment through the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element receives a first request message, where the first request message is used to request to establish a second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the access management network element sends a second request message to the session management network element, where the second request message is used to request to establish a second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • This 604 corresponds to the above S502, that is, in the above S502, the session management network element receives the second request message.
  • the access management network element receives session management information and access gateway information corresponding to the session management information.
  • This S605 corresponds to the above S504, that is, in the above S504, the session management network element sends the session management information and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information to the access management network element.
  • the above request message (that is, the second request message) includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following information: first indication information, access type of the second connection or session identification information, wherein the first indication information uses For instructing to switch from the first connection to the second connection, the session identification information is used to indicate the switching session.
  • the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the first indication information, and/or the session management network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the access type of the first connection and the connection Input type determines switching from the first connection to the second connection and/or the session management network element determines to switch the session identified by the session identification information from the first connection to the second connection according to the session identification information.
  • the access type of the first connection may be carried in a corresponding request message when the first connection is established through the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the session management network element may determine to switch the session from the first connection to the second connection according to the first indication information and the session identification information.
  • the session management network element may determine the connection from the first connection according to the access type of the first connection and the access type of the second connection Switch to the second connection. Specifically, the session management network element may determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the difference between the access type of the first connection and the access type of the second connection.
  • the session management network element may send the access type of the second connection to the policy control network element, and the access type of the second connection is used (policy control network element) to determine diversion strategy.
  • the policy control network element may update the offload policy according to the access type of the second connection, or keep the current offload policy unchanged. For example, when switching from untrusted non-3GPP access (that is, the access type of the first connection is untrusted non-3GPP access) to trusted non-3GPP access (that is, the access type of the second connection is trusted 3GPP access), the policy control network element can determine the offload policy as the priority cellular link, etc.
  • the network side may establish the second connection and delete the first connection.
  • the session management information may be information used to establish the second connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information may be the information of the second non-3GPP access gateway
  • the access gateway corresponding to the session management information is the second non-3GPP access gateway information.
  • the gateway is accessed, so that the session management network element can realize the establishment of the second connection of the user equipment.
  • the session management information may be information used to release the first connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information may be the first non-3GPP access gateway information
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is the first non-3GPP access gateway information.
  • the gateway is accessed, so that the session management network element can realize the release of the first connection of the user equipment.
  • the session management information may be N2 session management (session management, SM) information. It can be understood that the N2SM information is only an example, and the form of the session management information is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • SM session management
  • the network side may maintain the first connection and the second connection at the same time.
  • the session management information may be information used to establish the second connection
  • the access gateway corresponding to the session management information may be a second non-3GPP access gateway, so that the session management network element may implement the establishment of the second connection of the user equipment, And the first connection and the second connection can be kept at the same time by not releasing the first connection.
  • the network side can use two connections for data transmission, for example, the session management network element can send the second indication information to the user plane network element, and the second indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to use the first connection Data transmission is performed with the second connection.
  • the user plane network element can use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission with the user equipment according to the second indication information.
  • the data transmitted by the first connection and the data transmitted by the second connection may be the same, or may be different.
  • the session management network element may also send third indication information to the user plane network element, where the third indication information is used to instruct switching from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the user plane network element determines to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the third indication information, and then uses the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the network side may initiate the release process of the first connection to release the first connection, or the user equipment may Initiate the release process of the first connection to release the first connection.
  • the session management network element may receive the fourth indication information sent by the user plane. The fourth indication information is used to indicate the release of the first connection.
  • the session management information is used to release the first connection, and the access gateway corresponding to the session management information
  • the session management network element releases the first connection according to the fourth instruction information
  • the session management network element may receive the fifth instruction sent by the first non-3GPP access gateway
  • the fifth indication information is used to release the first connection, and the session management gateway releases the first connection according to the fifth indication information; and the session management network element releases the first connection according to the fourth indication information and the fifth indication information.
  • the access management network element may receive the first request message sent by the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment sends the first request message to the access management network element through the second non-3GPP access gateway, specifically, the user equipment sends the first request message to the second non-3GPP access gateway, and the second non-3GPP The access gateway sends the first request message to the access management network element.
  • a possible communication process for this example will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 7, including the following steps:
  • S701 The user equipment establishes a first connection of the user equipment through the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • S702 The user equipment determines that it is necessary to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • S703 The user equipment selects a second non-3GPP access gateway corresponding to the second connection according to the policy information.
  • S704 The user equipment establishes a second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the first request message may carry user identification information.
  • the first request message carries a NAS message
  • the NAS message carries user identification information.
  • the access management network element may determine that the second non-3GPP access gateway supports slicing. Specifically, when the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway includes the slice of the second connection, it can be determined that the second non-3GPP access gateway supports the slice, and the access management network element can send the second request message to the session management network element . And when the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway does not include the slice of the second connection, it can be determined that the second non-3GPP access gateway does not support the slice, and the access management network element can initiate the release process of the first connection, such as sending The session management network element sends a release request message for releasing the first connection.
  • the access management network element can also distinguish the source-side non-3GPP access gateway from the target-side non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element can store the connection mark of the non-3GPP access gateway, which is used to distinguish the source-side The non-3GPP access gateway and the non-3GPP access gateway on the target side, or used to distinguish old and new connections.
  • the access management network element sets the first identification information of the first connection or the first non-3GPP access gateway, and sets the second identification information of the second connection or the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the access management network element may also send session management information to the access gateway corresponding to the access gateway information.
  • the access management network element can distinguish the first non-3GPP access gateway from the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the first identification information and/or the second identification information, so that the access management network element can report to the first non-3GPP access gateway
  • the 3GPP access gateway sends information for releasing the first connection, and/or sends information for establishing the second connection to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the user equipment may determine that it is necessary to switch from the first connection to the second connection when detecting a new non-3GGP access point or a new non-3GPP access gateway; or the user equipment It may be determined that it is necessary to switch from the first connection to the second connection when the user's location moves and the non-3GPP access gateway changes due to the change of the non-3GPP access point.
  • the user equipment may use the detected new non-3GPP access gateway as the second non-3GPP access gateway; as another implementation manner, the user equipment may use the detected new non-3GPP access gateway as the second non-3GPP access gateway; , select the second non-3GPP access gateway, the slice corresponding to the second connection includes the slice corresponding to the first connection, for example, the second connection
  • the connected slice may be a slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway, and the slice corresponding to the first connection may be a slice supported by the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the slice of the first connection includes the slice of the session; as yet another implementation manner, the user equipment may select the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the priority of the slice corresponding to the second connection, for example, the second non-3GPP access gateway
  • the ingress gateway supports the priority of the slice corresponding to the second connection; as yet another implementation, the user equipment selects the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the slice priority, for example, the user equipment selects the first priority slice according to the slice priority If the first priority slice cannot be selected or does not support the first priority slice, the user equipment selects the second non-3GPP access gateway that supports the second priority slice.
  • the user equipment continues to select the second non-3GPP access gateway that supports the third priority slice until the second non-3GPP access gateway is selected.
  • the first priority The second priority is higher than the second priority, and the second priority is higher than the third priority.
  • the user equipment may send a request message to the second non-3GPP access gateway, where the request message is used to request to establish the second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the request message is the above-mentioned first request message.
  • the user equipment may also receive information for releasing the first connection sent by the first non-3GPP access gateway, and the user equipment releases the first connection.
  • the user equipment may also use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the data transmitted by the first connection and the data transmitted by the second connection may be the same, or may be different.
  • the user equipment may receive first address information assigned by the network side (such as a session management network element or a user plane network element) for the first connection, and receive second address information assigned by the network side for the second connection, where the first address The information and the second address information may be the same or different.
  • the user equipment may encapsulate the data packet according to the second address information, and send the data packet by using the second connection.
  • the address information here may be information such as IP address, FQDN, Ethernet address, MAC address or port number.
  • the user equipment may actively initiate the release process of the first connection, for example, when the data transmission of the first connection is completed, the user equipment sends a connection release request message to the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the connection release request message includes indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the first non-3GPP access gateway to send an end data packet to the user plane network element, and the first non-3GPP access gateway may send the user The plane network element sends the end data packet.
  • the "determining to switch from the first connection to the second connection" involved in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as determining that the first connection will be switched to the second connection, or determining that it is necessary to switch from the first connection to the second connection.
  • a connection is switched to a second connection, or it is determined to want to switch from the first connection to the second connection, or it is determined to allow switching from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the names and types of the "messages" and "indication information" involved.
  • S801 The UE initiates a MA PDU session establishment procedure.
  • the UE may send a PDU session establishment message to the AMF through the first non-3GPP access gateway (for example, N3IWF-S or TNGF-S).
  • the PDU session establishment message includes MA PDU session request indication information, and the MA PDU session request indication information is used to identify the session as an MA PDU session.
  • the multi-access links of the MA PDU session include 3GPP links and non-3GPP links, and the embodiments of this application mainly use non-3GPP links for illustrate.
  • the UE establishes a first connection through a first non-3GPP access gateway (such as N3IWF-S or TNGF-S).
  • a first non-3GPP access gateway such as N3IWF-S or TNGF-S.
  • N3IWF-S refers to the source side (source, S) N3IWF
  • TNGF-S refers to the source side (S) TNGF.
  • S802 The UE selects a second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the UE detects the new 3GPP access point, and the UE establishes a connection with the new 3GPP access point.
  • the UE may select the 3GPP access gateway on the target side (that is, the second non-3GPP access gateway, such as N3IWF-T or TNGF-T), and establish a second connection with the 3GPP access gateway on the target side through a new 3GPP access point.
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway such as N3IWF-T or TNGF-T
  • N3IWF-T refers to the target side (target, T) N3IWF
  • TNGF-T refers to the target side (T) TNGF.
  • the UE When the UE selects the second non-3GPP access gateway, it may select the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the slice of the session.
  • the UE may acquire policy information sent by the network side, the policy information is used to select the non-3GPP access gateway, and the policy information may include the identifier of the non-3GPP access gateway and its supported slice information or slice type.
  • the UE When the UE selects the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the slice of the session, it may specifically be: the UE (in the policy information) obtains the slice supported by the 3GPP access gateway on the target side, and preferentially selects the non-3GPP access gateway that supports the slice of the session as The second non-3GPP access gateway, otherwise, the UE may select the second non-3GPP access gateway based on slice priority.
  • S803 The UE sends a NAS message to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway receives the NAS message.
  • the NAS message may be a registration (registration) request message, or may be a service request (service request, SR) message, or may be a PDU session establishment message.
  • the NAS message may include a user identifier, and the user identifier may be a temporary user identifier or a permanent user identifier.
  • the NAS message may include an MA PDU session ID (MA PDU session ID), which is used to indicate that the UE requests to switch the PDU session from the first connection to the second connection.
  • MA PDU session ID MA PDU session ID
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway sends a NAS message to the AMF. Accordingly, the AMF receives the NAS message.
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway forwards the NAS message to the AMF through the N2 interface, specifically, the second non-3GPP access gateway sends the N2 message to the AMF, where the N2 message includes the NAS message.
  • the AMF distinguishes between the first connection and the second connection, and determines whether to allow the MA PDU session to be switched from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the AMF can analyze the received NAS message or N2 message, and determine the user identifier carried in the NAS message or N2 message. AMF looks up the user context based on the user identifier, and the identifier of the first connection and the identifier of the second connection are stored in the user context, so AMF can distinguish the first connection and the second connection in the user context, wherein the first connection can be marked as old ( old) connection, the second connection can be marked as a new (new) connection.
  • the AMF can judge whether to allow the MA PDU session to switch from the first connection to the second connection based on the slice of the MA PDU session. Specifically, if the second non-3GPP access gateway supports the slice of the MA PDU session, that is, the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway includes the slice of the MA PDU session, the AMF allows the MA PDU session to switch from the first connection to the second Connection, if the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway does not include the slice of the MA PDU session, the AMF can initiate the release process of the MA PDU session, specifically, the AMF can initiate the release process of the first connection of the MA PDU session.
  • S806 If it is determined that the MA PDU session is allowed to switch from the first connection to the second connection, the AMF sends a request message to the SMF. Accordingly, the SMF receives the request message.
  • the request message may include at least one of the following: MA PDU session identifier, first indication information, access gateway information of the second non-3GPP access gateway, or RAT information of the second connection.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the session starts from the first connection To switch to the second connection, the first indication information may be a non-3GPP access gateway switching indication, or a switching indication of the same RAT connection, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the access gateway information of the second non-3GPP access gateway may be one or more of IP address information, FQDN, or device identifier of the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the request message when the RATs of the first connection and the second connection are the same, the request message includes at least the first indication information; when the RATs of the first connection and the second connection are different, that is, when the RAT of the second connection changes , the request message includes at least the RAT information of the second connection.
  • the SMF sends the RAT information of the second connection to the PCF.
  • the PCF receives the RAT information of the second connection.
  • the PCF determines an offloading policy according to the RAT information of the second connection.
  • the PCF determines to update the offloading policy according to the RAT information of the second connection, or maintains the current offloading policy unchanged.
  • S810 The SMF sends an N4 interface request message to the UPF.
  • the UPF receives the N4 interface request message.
  • the SMF initiates the update/handover process of the non-3GPP access gateway for the MA PDU session, see S810 to S821 below for details.
  • the N4 interface request message may be a packet forwarding control protocol (packet forwarding control protocol, PFCP) connection creation request message, or a PFCP connection update request message.
  • the N4 interface request message includes indication information of the non-3GPP access gateway. If the user plane tunnel information is allocated by the SMF, the N4 interface request message may also optionally include user plane tunnel information, such as UPF address information (such as IP address information) and tunnel endpoint identifier (tunnel endpoint identifier, TEID).
  • UPF address information such as IP address information
  • tunnel endpoint identifier tunnel endpoint identifier
  • the SMF In the update/handover process of the non-3GPP access gateway, for the MA PDU session in the active state, the SMF initiates the connection establishment process between the second non-3GPP access gateway and the UPF (see S812 to S817 below) , and initiate a connection release process between the first non-3GPP access gateway and the UPF (see S818 to S821 below).
  • the SMF does not need to initiate a connection release process between the first non-3GPP access gateway and the UPF , only initiate the connection establishment process between the second non-3GPP access gateway and the UPF, that is to say, the following steps S818 to S821) are optional steps.
  • the UPF sends an N4 message to the SMF.
  • the SMF receives the N4 message.
  • the N4 message includes indication information of the non-3GPP access gateway. If the user plane tunnel information is allocated by the UPF, the N4 message may optionally include the user plane tunnel information.
  • the SMF sends an N11 message to the AMF, where the N11 message includes the second indication information, N2SM information, and the like.
  • the AMF receives the N11 message.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate that the N2SM information is sent to the second non-3GPP access gateway, and the second indication information can be the indication information of the second non-3GPP access gateway, or the new N2 interface indication information, or the second non-3GPP access gateway The access gateway information of the ingress gateway.
  • the AMF sends the N2SM information to the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the second indication information.
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway receives N2SM information.
  • S814 The second non-3GPP access gateway establishes a second connection with the UE.
  • the second connection is a user plane connection of the MA PDU session.
  • the user plane connection may be an internet security protocol (internet protocol security, IPSec) tunnel or a sub-secure tunnel.
  • internet protocol security internet protocol security
  • S815 The second non-3GPP access gateway sends the allocated access-side tunnel information to the SMF.
  • SMF accepts Receive tunnel information on the access side.
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway allocates access side tunnel information (or called user plane tunnel information), and the access side tunnel information includes address information and a tunnel identifier of the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • access side tunnel information or called user plane tunnel information
  • the second non-3GPP access gateway may send the access-side tunnel information to the AMF, and the AMF forwards the access-side tunnel information to the SMF.
  • the AMF also sends second non-3GPP access indication information to the SMF.
  • S816 The SMF sends a PFCP session update request message to the UPF.
  • the PFCP session update request message includes access-side tunnel information.
  • the UPF replaces the access-side tunnel information of the first non-3GPP access gateway with the access-side tunnel information of the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the SMF sends an N11 message to the AMF, where the N11 message includes third indication information and N2SM release (release).
  • the AMF receives the N11 message.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate that the N2SM release is sent to the first non-3GPP access gateway, and the third indication information can be the indication information of the first non-3GPP access gateway, or the old N2 interface indication information, or the first non-3GPP access gateway The access gateway information of the ingress gateway.
  • S819 The AMF sends the N2SM release to the first non-3GPP access gateway according to the third indication information.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway receives N2SM release.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway releases the first connection with the UE.
  • the first connection is a user plane connection of the MA PDU session.
  • the user plane connection may be an IPSec secure connection or a sub-secure connection.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway sends a response message to the SMF, for notifying the release of the first connection. Accordingly, the SMF receives the response message.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway may send a response message to the AMF, and the AMF forwards the response message to the SMF.
  • the execution order of the above steps is not limited, and may be sent at the same time, or there may be a sequence.
  • the network side implements the establishment of the connection to the non-3GPP access gateway on the target side and the release of the connection to the non-3GPP access gateway on the source side, and supports the switching of the non-3GPP access gateway by the UE.
  • S910 The SMF sends an N4 message to the UPF, where the N4 message includes fourth indication information. Accordingly, the UPF receives the N4 message.
  • the N4 message may be a PFCP connection establishment request message or a PFCP connection update request message.
  • the fourth indication information is used to instruct the UPF to use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission, for example, to instruct the UPF to reserve at least two user plane connections and perform redundant transmission on the at least two connections. Redundant transmission means that the same data packet of downlink data is sent on at least two connections at the same time, and uplink data is deduplicated when received by at least two connections.
  • the fourth indication information may be a redundant transmission indication, or a multi-non-3GPP access gateway transmission indication, or a multi-connection transmission indication, or an optimized switching indicator light, which is not limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • UPF can distinguish between the first connection and the second connection, for example, marking the first connection as an old connection and marking the second connection as a new connection.
  • the UPF receives the same service data packets on at least two connections, and the UPF performs deduplication processing on the uplink service data packets.
  • S916 The UPF sends service data packets on at least two connections.
  • the UPF may receive the access-side tunnel information sent by the second non-3GPP access gateway, or the UPF may receive the access-side tunnel information assigned by another UPF connected to the second non-3GPP access gateway, so that the UPF can be at least two Redundant transmission over the connection.
  • S917 The UE sends the same service data packet on at least two connections.
  • the UE establishes a second connection with the second non-3GPP access gateway in the above S914, and the UE can perform redundant transmission on at least two connections.
  • S918 The UE sends a release message to the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the first non-3GPP access gateway receives the release message.
  • the UE When the UE determines to release the first connection, the UE initiates a first connection release procedure. For example, when the UE determines that the second connection is established successfully, it determines to release the first connection.
  • the release message may be an information exchange (information exchange) message.
  • the release message includes an end indication, and the end indication is used to instruct the first non-3GPP access gateway to send an end data packet to the UPF.
  • the end indication can be an end marker (end marker), the end packet can be an End Marker packet, or the end packet can be a general packet radio service (GPRS) tunneling protocol (GPRS tunneling protocol, GTP)- End Marker data packet of the user plane network element (user, U) protocol.
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • GTP general packet radio service
  • S919 The first non-3GPP access gateway sends an end data packet to the UPF. Accordingly, the UPF receives the end packet.
  • the end data packet is the same as the definition in S917.
  • S920 The UPF sends a release request message to the SMF.
  • the SMF receives the release request message.
  • the release request message is used to instruct the SMF to initiate a release process of the first connection.
  • the release request message may be a PFCP session report (report) message, and the PFCO session report message includes release indication information and optional first non-3GPP access indication information.
  • the SMF can initiate the first connection release procedure, see S921 to S924 below.
  • the execution order of the above steps is not limited, and may be sent at the same time, or there may be a sequence.
  • the network side realizes the establishment of the connection of the non-3GPP access gateway on the target side, and the release of the connection of the non-3GPP access gateway on the source side, supports UE switching of non-3GPP access gateways, and this example supports multi-link redundancy
  • For transmission in order to avoid packet loss during the handover process, multiple connections can be used to transmit data, and after the handover is completed, the UE notifies the network layer to release the connection of the non-3GPP access gateway on the source side.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device.
  • the communication device 1000 includes a processing unit 1001 and a transceiver unit 1002 .
  • the functions implemented by the optional transceiver unit 1002 may be implemented by a communication interface, and the transceiver unit may include a receiving unit and/or a sending unit.
  • the communication device 1000 can be applied to a session management network element or an access management network element or a user equipment or a user plane network element, or located on a session management network element element or access management network element or user equipment or user plane network element.
  • the communication device 1000 can be used to implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device 1000 can perform the above-mentioned methods in FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. Each step performed by a network element or a user plane network element.
  • the communication device 1000 is applied to a session management network element.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is configured to establish a first connection of the user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway; receive a request message, and the request message is used to request establishment of a second connection of the user equipment through a second non-3GPP access gateway;
  • a processing unit 1001 configured to determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the request message
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to send the session management information and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information to the access management network element.
  • the request message includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate switching from the first connection to the second connection;
  • the processing unit 1001 is specifically configured to determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the first indication information.
  • the request message includes an access type of the second connection
  • the processing unit 1001 is specifically configured to determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection according to the access type of the first connection and the access type of the second connection.
  • the transceiving unit 1002 is further configured to send the access type of the second connection to the policy control network element, for the policy control network element to determine an offload policy.
  • the session management information is information used to establish the second connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is information of the second non-3GPP access gateway
  • the session management information is information for releasing the first connection, and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is information of the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to send second indication information to the user plane network element, where the second indication information is used to instruct the user plane network element to use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the transceiving unit 1002 is further configured to send third indication information to a user plane network element, where the third indication information is used to indicate switching from the first connection to the second connection.
  • the transceiving unit 1002 is further configured to receive fourth indication information sent by a user plane network element, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate the release of the first connection;
  • the session management information is information for releasing the first connection, and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is information of the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the communication device 1000 is applied to an access management network element.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is configured to establish a first connection of the user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway; receive a first request message, and the first request message is used to request to establish a first connection of the user equipment through a second non-3GPP access gateway two connections;
  • the processing unit 1001 is further configured to determine to switch from the first connection to the second connection;
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to send a second request message to the session management network element, where the second request message is used to request to establish a second connection of the user equipment through a second non-3GPP access gateway; receive session management information corresponding to the session management information access gateway information; and send session management information to the access gateway corresponding to the access gateway information.
  • the processing unit 1001 is specifically configured to determine that the second non-3GPP access gateway supports slicing.
  • the processing unit 1001 is further configured to determine that the slice supported by the second non-3GPP access gateway includes the slice of the second connection.
  • the second request message includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate that from the first the connection switches to the second connection; and/or,
  • the second request message includes an access type of the second connection.
  • the session management information is information used to establish the second connection
  • the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is information of the second non-3GPP access gateway
  • the session management information is information for releasing the first connection, and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information is information of the first non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the processing unit 1001 is further configured to store first identification information of the first connection or the first non-3GPP access gateway; and store second identification information of the second connection or the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the processing unit 1001 is further configured to distinguish the first non-3GPP access gateway from the second non-3GPP access gateway according to the first identification information and the second identification information;
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is specifically configured to send information for releasing the first connection to the first non-3GPP access gateway, and/or send information for establishing the second connection to the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the communication apparatus 1000 is applied to user equipment.
  • a transceiver unit 1002 configured to establish a first connection of a user equipment through a first non-3GPP access gateway;
  • the processing unit 1001 is configured to determine that it is necessary to switch from the first connection to the second connection; select a second non-3GPP access gateway corresponding to the second connection according to policy information;
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to establish a second connection of the user equipment through a second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the processing unit 1001 is specifically configured to select a second non-3GPP access gateway according to a slice of the first connection, where the slice type of the second connection includes a slice of the first connection; and/or according to a slice of the second connection The slice priority selects the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the transceiving unit 1002 is specifically configured to send a request message to the second non-3GPP access gateway, where the request message is used to request to establish the second connection of the user equipment through the second non-3GPP access gateway.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to receive information for releasing the first connection sent by the first non-3GPP access gateway;
  • the processing unit 1001 is further configured to release the first connection.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to use the first connection and the second connection to perform data transmission.
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to send a connection release request message to the first non-3GPP access gateway when the data transmission of the first connection is completed.
  • connection release request message includes indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the first non-3GPP access gateway to send an end data packet to the user plane network element.
  • the transceiving unit 1002 is further configured to receive first address information allocated for the first connection; and receive second address information allocated for the second connection.
  • the processing unit 1001 is further configured to encapsulate the data packet according to the second address information
  • the transceiver unit 1002 is further configured to use the second connection to send data packets.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application It can be integrated in one processing unit, or physically exist separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • the transceiving unit may include a receiving unit and/or a transmitting unit.
  • an integrated unit may store stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the integrated unit can be stored in a storage medium as a computer software product, including several instructions to make a computer device (it can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) Execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1100 .
  • the communication device 1100 may be used to implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments, and reference may be made to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device 1100 can execute various steps performed by the session management network element or the access management network element or the user equipment or the user plane network element in the above-mentioned methods in FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 , and FIG. 9 .
  • the communication device 1100 includes one or more processors 1101 .
  • the processor 1101 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, terminals, or chips, etc.), execute software programs, and process data of software programs.
  • the communication device may include a transceiver unit for inputting (receiving) and outputting (sending) signals.
  • the transceiver unit may be a transceiver, a radio frequency chip, and the like.
  • the communication device 1100 includes one or more processors 1101, and the one or more processors 1101 can implement the methods in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the processor 1101 may also implement other functions in addition to implementing the methods in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the processor 1101 may execute instructions, so that the communication device 1100 executes the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the instructions can be stored in whole or in part in the processor 1101, such as the instructions 1103 can be stored in whole or in part in the processor 1101, or the instructions 1103 can be stored in the processor 1101, and the instructions 1104 can be stored in the memory 1102 coupled with the processor,
  • the processor 1101 may execute the instruction 1103 and the instruction 1104 synchronously so that the communication device 1100 executes the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • Instructions 1103 and instructions 1104 are also referred to as computer programs.
  • the communication device 1100 may further include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the functions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device 1100 may include one or more memories 1102, on which are stored instructions 1104, which can be executed on the processor 1101, so that the communication device 1100 executes the method described in the above method embodiments. method.
  • data may also be stored in the memory 1102 .
  • Optional processor 1101 may also store instructions and/or data therein.
  • one or more memories 1102 may store the correspondence described in the above embodiments, or related parameters or tables involved in the above embodiments. Processor and memory can be set separately or integrated together.
  • the communication device 1100 may further include a transceiver 1105 and an antenna 1106 .
  • the processor 1101 may be referred to as a processing unit, and controls the device (terminal or base station).
  • the transceiver 1105 may be called a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver unit, etc., and is used to realize the transceiver function of the device through the antenna 1106 .
  • the processor can be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor, a specific application integrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC), one or more integrated circuits used to control the execution of the program program of this application , general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • Software modules can be stored on media that store The media resides in storage.
  • Memory can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electronically programmable Erase Programmable Read-Only Memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or Flash.
  • the volatile memory can be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM Static Random Access Memory
  • SRAM Static Random Access Memory
  • DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous link DRAM, SLDRAM Direct Memory Bus Random Access Memory
  • Direct Rambus RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the communication method in any one of the above method embodiments is implemented.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the communication method in any one of the above method embodiments is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including a session management network element and an access management network element.
  • the session management network element and the access management network element can realize the communication method in any one of the above method examples.
  • the communication system further includes one or more of a user equipment, a first non-3GPP access gateway, a second non-3GPP access gateway, a user plane network element, or a policy control network element.
  • all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be the communication device described above.
  • Computer instructions may be stored in, or transmitted from, one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be the above-mentioned storage medium or the above-mentioned memory.
  • the determination unit or processor 1101 may be one or more logic circuits, and the sending unit
  • the receiving unit or the transceiver 1105 may be an input-output interface, or called a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, or the like.
  • the transceiver 1105 may also be a sending unit and a receiving unit, the sending unit may be an output interface, and the receiving unit may be an input interface, and the sending unit and the receiving unit are integrated into one unit, such as an input and output interface.
  • the logic circuit 1201 includes a logic circuit 1201 and an interface circuit 1202 . That is, the above-mentioned processing unit or processor 1101 may be implemented by a logic circuit 1201 , and the transceiver unit or transceiver 1105 may be implemented by an interface circuit 1202 .
  • the logic circuit 1201 may be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit or a system on chip (SoC) chip, etc.
  • the interface circuit 1202 may be a communication interface, an input-output interface, or the like.
  • the logic circuit and the interface circuit may also be coupled to each other. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection manner of the logic circuit and the interface circuit.
  • the logic circuit 1201 and the interface circuit 1202 can be used to perform the above network functions Functions or operations performed by functions or control plane functions, etc.
  • the interface circuit 1202 can be used to receive signals from other communication devices other than the communication device 1200 and transmit them to the logic circuit 1201 or send signals from the logic circuit 1201 to other communication devices other than the communication device 1200 .
  • the logic circuit 1201 may be used to implement any of the foregoing method embodiments by executing code instructions.
  • the interface circuit 1202 is configured to send the session management information and the access gateway information corresponding to the session management information to the access management network element.
  • the communication device For the functions or operations performed by the communication device, reference may be made to the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • a unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and a component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.

Abstract

一种通信方法及装置。该方法包括：会话管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；会话管理网元接收请求消息，请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接；会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接；会话管理网元向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息，实现业务流在非3GPP接入网关之间的切换。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年01月29日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210113009.8、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中；本申请要求在2022年03月28日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202210317156.7、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
第三代合作伙伴项目(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)制定了第五代(5th generation，5G)网络架构，5G网络架构支持3GPP定义的无线接入技术接入核心网络，还支持非3GPP接入技术接入核心网络。
会话支持通过多种接入技术接入核心网络，从而实现业务流在不同接入技术之间的移动或并发。例如会话可以通过第一接入技术接入核心网络，会话的业务流1通过第一接入技术进行传输，后续会话可以通过第二接入技术接入核心网络，业务流1发生移动，通过第二接入技术进行传输。
但是会话的业务流切换只支持3GPP接入技术的接入网关与非3GPP接入技术的接入网关之间的切换，而不支持非3GPP接入技术的接入网关之间的切换。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，实现业务流在非3GPP接入技术的接入网关之间的切换。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，包括以下过程：会话管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；会话管理网元接收请求消息，请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接；会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接；会话管理网元向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。
接入网关信息用于确定接入网关，更具体的，接入网关信息用于确定非3GPP接入网关(例如第一非3GPP接入网关或第二非3GPP接入网关)。非3GPP接入网关为用户设备通过非3GPP接入技术接入核心网络时使用的接入网关，非3GPP接入网关支持非3GPP接入技术。
其中，会话管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接时，可以是由用户设备发起会话建立流程，实现该第一连接的建立。一种可能的场景中，用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立第一连接，接入核心网络，当由于用户设备移动等原因发生 非3GPP接入网关的变化、或网络状态不佳等原因发生非3GPP接入网关的变化，或由于用户设备移动或网络状态不佳等原因发生非3GPP接入点的变化而导致的非3GPP接入网关的变化时，会话管理网元可以实现从第一连接切换到第二连接，即实现从第一非3GPP接入网关切换到第二非3GPP接入网关。非3GPP接入点为用户设备与非3GPP接入网关之间的接入网设备。
会话管理网元可以接收接入管理网元发送的请求消息，示例的，用户设备可以通过第二非3GPP接入网关向接入管理网元发送用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立第二连接的指示信息，接入管理网元根据该指示信息，向会话管理网元发送请求消息。
第一连接与第一非3GPP接入网关对应，第二连接与第二非3GPP接入网关对应。一种可能的示例中，第一连接为通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立的非3GPP链路，包括控制面连接或/和用户面连接，第二连接为通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立的非3GPP链路，包括控制面连接或/和用户面连接。用户面连接是会话相关的一条或多条用户面连接。会话管理网元确定(需要/将要/想要/允许)从第一连接切换到第二连接，还可以理解为确定(需要/将要/想要/允许)从第一非3GPP接入网关切换到第二3GPP接入网关。
可选的，会话管理网元通过向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息及对应的接入网关信息，指示接入管理网元向第一非3GPP接入网关和/或第二非3GPP接入网关发送会话管理信息，用于释放第一连接和/或建立第二连接，从而从第一连接切换到第二连接。
示例的，接入网关信息为非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息，该非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息用于确定接入网关。非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息包括非可信非3GPP(non-3GPP)接入类型的指示信息、可信non-3GPP接入类型的指示信息、非可信无线局域网WLAN接入类型的指示信息或可信WLAN接入类型的指示信息。也就是说，非3GPP无线接入类型包括非可信non-3GPP接入类型、可信non-3GPP接入类型、非可信无线局域网WLAN接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型。这里会话管理网元通过向接入管理网元发送非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息，以便于接入管理网元根据该指示信息，确定将会话管理信息发送给对应的接入网关。
在该方法中，第一非3GPP接入网关的接入类型和第二非3GPP接入网关的接入类型可以相同，或者可以不同。例如，当第一连接与第二连接的非3GPP接入技术不同时，第一非3GPP接入网关与第二非3GPP接入网关的无线接入类型也不同。具体的，当第一连接为可信non-3GPP接入，或可信WLAN接入时，第一非3GPP接入网关为可信的non-3GPP接入网关(trusted non-3GPP gateway function，TNGF)。当第二连接为非可信non-3GPP接入，或非可信WLAN接入时，第二non-3GPP接入网关为non-3GPP转换功能(non-3GPP interworking function，N3IWF)。或者，当第一连接为非可信non-3GPP接入，或非可信WLAN接入时，第一非3GPP接入网关为N3IWF。当第二连接为可信non-3GPP接入，或可信WLAN接入时，第二non3GPP接入网关为TNGF。
其中在该方法中，会话管理网元可以建立第二连接并释放第一连接，或者会话管理网元可以建立第二连接并同时保持第一连接和第二连接，保留的第一连接和第二连接可以用于进行数据传输。
在本申请提供的方法中，会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接，通过向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和对应的接入网关信息，实现业务流在非3GPP接入网关之间的切换。并且该方法还可以保证业务连续性。
在一种可能的实现中，请求消息包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接。
在该实现中，在会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接时，会话管理网元可以根据第一指示信息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。可选的，在第一非3GPP接入网关的接入类型和第二非3GPP接入网关的接入类型相同时，请求消息包括第一指示信息。
在一种可能的实现中，请求消息包括第二连接的接入类型。
在该实现中，在会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接时，会话管理网元根据第一连接的接入类型和第二连接的接入类型确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。可选的，在第一非3GPP接入网关的接入类型和第二非3GPP接入网关的接入类型不同时，请求消息包括第二连接的接入类型。
在一种可能的实现中，第一连接的接入类型或第二连接的接入类型可以为上述非3GPP无线接入类型，即包括非可信non-3GPP接入类型、可信non-3GPP接入类型、非可信无线局域网WLAN接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型。
在一种可能的实现中，请求消息包括第一指示信息和第二连接的接入类型。
在该实现中，在会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接时，会话管理网元根据第一指示信息、第一连接的接入类型和第二连接的接入类型，确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。
接入类型用于表示对应的接入技术。在一个示例中，接入类型包括有线接入和无线接入。在另一个示例中，接入类型包括可信接入和非可信接入。在又一个示例中，接入类型包括可信非3GPP接入、非可信非3GPP接入和有线接入。在又一个示例中，接入类型包括可信无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)接入、非可信WLAN接入。
在一种可能的实现中，请求消息还包括会话标识信息。
在该实现中，在会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接时，会话管理网元可以根据会话标识信息确定将该会话标识信息所标识的会话从第一连接切换到第二连接，这里会话管理网元可以根据会话标识信息判断将哪个会话进行切换。一个可能的示例中，会话管理网元可以根据第一指示信息和会话标识信息，确定将该会话从第一连接切换到第二连接。另一个可能的示例中，会话管理网元可以根据第一连接的接入类型、第二连接的接入类型和会话标识信息，确定将该会话从第一连接切换到第二连接。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理网元还可以向策略控制网元发送第二连接的接入类型，该第二连接的接入类型用于确定分流策略，具体的该第二连接的接入类型用于策略控制网元确定分流策略。上述分流策略为分流模式，分流模式包括但不限于以下一种或多种：主备分流模式，优先级分流模式，负载均衡分流模式，最低时延分流模式。
策略控制网元根据第二连接的接入类型，可以更新分流策略，或者可以维持当前的分流策略不变，从而实现业务流在非3GPP接入网关之间的切换。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理信息为用于建立第二连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第二非3GPP接入网关的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关为第二非3GPP接入网关。具体的，会话管理网元向接入管理网元发送用于建立第二连接的信息和第二非3GPP接入网关的信息，接入管理网元可以向第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立第二连接的信息。在该实现中，通过建立第二连接，可以实现从第一连接切换到第二连接， 以及从第一非3GPP接入网关切换到第二非3GPP接入网关，从而保证业务连续性。
其中第二非3GPP接入网关的信息可以包括第二非3GPP接入网关的标识信息和/或第二非3GPP接入网关的地址信息，例如第二非3GPP接入网关的地址信息可以包括以下一种或多种：互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址、媒体接入控制(medium access control，MAC)地址、完全限定域名(fully qualified domain name，FQDN)、以太地址或端口号。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理网元还可以基于非3GPP无线接入类型，向非3GPP无线接入类型对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息。具体的，当非3GPP接入无线类型为可信non-3GPP接入，或可信WLAN接入时，对应的接入网关为TNGF；当非3GPP接入类型为非可信non-3GPP接入，或非可信WLAN接入时，对应的接入网关为N3IWF。
在该实现中，会话管理网元可以通过接入管理网元，向非3GPP无线接入类型对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理信息为用于释放第一连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第一非3GPP接入网关的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关为第一非3GPP接入网关。具体的，会话管理网元向接入管理网元发送用于释放第一连接的信息和第一非3GPP接入网关的信息，接入管理网元可以向第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放第一连接的信息。
其中第一非3GPP接入网关的信息可以包括第一非3GPP接入网关的标识信息和/或第一非3GPP接入网关的地址信息和/或第一非3GPP接入网关支持的无线接入技术类型。例如第一非3GPP接入网关的地址信息可以包括以下一种或多种：IP地址、MAC地址、FQDN、以太地址或端口号。第一非3GPP接入网关支持的无线接入技术类型可以包括以下一种：非可信non3GPP接入技术指示，可信non3GPP接入技术指示，非可信WLAN接入技术指示，可信WLAN接入技术指示。例如当无线接入技术类型为可信非3GPP接入技术或可信WLAN接入技术时，第一非3GPP接入网关为TNGF。当无线接入技术类型为非可信非3GPP接入技术或非可信WLAN接入技术时，第一非3GPP接入网关为N3IWF。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理网元还可以向用户面网元发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示用户面网元利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。在该数据传输中，第一连接和第二连接同时保持，当然，后续如在切换到第二连接后，或者第一连接的数据传输完成等情况下，也可以对第一连接进行释放，仅保留第二连接。
其中利用第一连接传输的数据和利用第二连接传输的数据可以相同，或者可以不同。
如果利用第一连接传输的数据和利用第二连接传输的数据相同，用户面网元可以对利用第一连接和第二连接同时接收到的相同的上行数据进行去重处理。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理网元还可以向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接，使得用户面网元确定从第一连接切换到第二连接，从而保证业务连续性。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理网元还可以接收用户面网元发送的第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于释放第一连接。在该实现中，会话管理信息为用于释放第一连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关为第一非3GPP接入网关，也就是说会话管理网元根据第四指示信息，释放第一连接。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理网元还可以接收第一非3GPP接入网元发送的第五指示信息，第五指示信息用于释放第一连接。在该实现中，会话管理网元根据第五指示信息， 释放第一连接。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理网元还可以根据第四指示信息和第五指示信息，释放第一连接。
在一种可能的实现中，当会话为多接入会话时，会话管理网元根据会话支持的分流功能，可以为第二连接分配不同于第一连接的地址信息。分流功能可以为多路传输控制协议(multipath transmission control protocol，MPTCP)分流功能或多路(multipath，MP)-快速用户数据报协议(user datagram protocol，UDP)网络连接(quick UDP internet connection，QUIC)分流功能。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法，包括以下过程：接入管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；接入管理网元接收第一请求消息，第一请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接；接入管理网元确定从第一连接切换到第二连接；接入管理网元向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息，第二请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接；接入管理网元接收会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息；接入管理网元向接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息。
其中接入管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接时，可以是由用户设备发起会话建立流程，实现该第一连接的建立。一种可能的场景中，用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立第一连接，接入核心网络，当由于用户设备移动、或网络状态不佳等原因发生非3GPP接入网关的变化，或由于用户设备移动或网络状态不佳等原因发生非3GPP接入点的变化而导致的非3GPP接入网关的变化时，接入管理网元可以实现从第一连接切换到第二连接，即实现从第一非3GPP接入网关切换到第二非3GPP接入网关。
接入管理网元可以接收第二非3GPP接入网关发送的第一请求消息，示例的，用户设备可以向第二非3GPP接入网关发送第一请求消息，第二非3GPP接入网关向接入管理网元发送该第一请求消息。
可选的，接入管理网关可以根据第一请求消息，确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。例如，第一请求消息可以包括用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的第二连接的指示信息，接入管理网关根据该指示信息，确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。又如，第一请求消息可以包括会话标识信息，接入管理网关可以根据会话标识信息所标识的会话的切片，确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。
接入网关信息用于确定接入网元。示例的，接入网关信息为非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息。非3GPP无线接入类型包括非可信non-3GPP接入类型、可信non-3GPP接入类型、非可信WLAN接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型。
接入管理网元确定(需要/将要/想要/允许)从第一连接切换到第二连接，还可以理解为确定(需要/将要/想要/允许)从第一非3GPP接入网关切换到第二3GPP接入网关。
其中在该方法中，接入管理网元可以建立第二连接并释放第一连接，或者接入管理网元可以建立第二连接并同时保持第一连接和第二连接，同时保持的第一连接和第二连接可以用于进行数据传输。在建立第二连接时，接入管理网元向第二非3GPP接入网关发送会话管理信息，在释放第一连接时，接入管理网元向第一非3GPP接入网关发送会话管理信息。
在本申请提供的方法中，接入管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接， 通过对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息，实现非3GPP接入网关的切换，从而保证业务连续性。
在一种可能的实现中，在接入管理网元确定从第一连接切换到第二连接时，接入管理网元确定第二非3GPP接入网关支持切片。
具体的，在接入管理网元向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息之前，接入管理网元确定第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包含第二连接的切片。也就是说在该实现中，当第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包含第二连接的切片时，接入管理网元可以确定将会话从第一连接切换到第二连接，然后向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息。上述第二请求包含会话标识信息，会话管理网元基于会话标识信息确定将上述会话的第一连接切换到第二连接。
当第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片不包含第二连接的切片时，接入管理网元发起该会话的释放流程，如接入管理网元向会话管理网元发送释放请求消息，用于释放该会话的第一连接。上述第二请求包含会话标识信息，会话管理网元基于会话标识信息确定将上述会话的第一连接释放。
其中第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片是否包含第二连接的切片，可以是第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片信息是否包含第二连接的切片信息，或者可以是第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片类型是否包含第二连接的切片类型。
在一种可能的实现中，第二请求消息包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接；和/或第二请求消息包括第二连接的接入类型。示例的，第二连接的接入类型可以为上述非3GPP无线接入类型。
在一种可能的实现中，会话管理信息为用于建立第二连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第二非3GPP接入网关的信息；和/或会话管理信息为用于释放第一连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
在一种可能的实现中，接入管理网元还可以存储第一连接或第一非3GPP接入网关的第一标识信息或第一非3GPP接入网关的类型；和/或存储第二连接或第二非3GPP接入网关的第二标识信息或第二非3GPP接入网关的类型。这样接入管理网元可以区分第一连接和第二连接，从而确定是否从第一连接切换到第二连接。该第一标识信息和第二标识信息可以是由接入管理网元设置的，或者可以是由会话管理网元设置后发送给接入管理网元的。
在一种可能的实现中，在接入管理网元向接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息时，接入管理网元可以根据第一标识信息和第二标识信息，确定第一非3GPP接入网关和第二非3GPP接入网关，向第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放第一连接的信息，和/或向第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立第二连接的信息。
在一种可能的实现中，在接入管理网元向接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息时，接入管理网元可以根据第一标识信息和第二标识信息，确定第一非3GPP接入网关和第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP接入类型；接入管理网元根据第一非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，和第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，向第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放第一连接的信息，和/或向第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立第二连接的信息。
在该实现中，接入管理网元确定出不同的非3GPP接入类型后，便可以基于会话管理网元发送的非3GPP接入类型的指示信息确定发送给哪个非3GPP接入网关，即发送给非3GPP接入类型的指示信息对应的非3GPP接入网关。
在一种可能的实现中，在接入管理网元向接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息时，接入管理网元可以根据非3GPP接入网关的类型(第一非3GPP接入网关的类型和第二非3GPP接入网关的类型)，确定第一非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，和第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型；接入管理网元根据第一非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，和第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，向第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放第一连接的信息，和/或向第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立第二连接的信息。
具体而言，非3GPP接入网关的类型为TNGF时，非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型可以为可信non-3GPP接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型，当非3GPP接入网关的类型为N3IWF，非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型可以为非可信non-3GPP接入类型或非可信WLAN接入类型。
第三方面，提供一种通信方法，包括以下过程：用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；用户设备确定需要从第一连接切换到第二连接；用户设备根据策略信息，选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关；用户设备通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
其中用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接时，可以是用户设备发起会话建立流程，实现第一连接的建立。
一种可能的场景中，用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立第一连接，接入核心网络，当由于用户设备移动、或网络状态不佳等原因发生非3GPP接入网关的变化，或由于用户设备移动或网络状态不佳等原因发生非3GPP接入点的变化而导致的非3GPP接入网关的变化时，用户设备可以确定从第一连接切换到第二连接，从而实现从第一连接切换到第二连接，即实现从第一非3GPP接入网关切换到第二非3GPP接入网关。用户设备确定(需要/将要/想要/允许)从第一连接切换到第二连接，还可以理解为确定(需要/将要/想要/允许)从第一非3GPP接入网关切换到第二3GPP接入网关。
用户设备中保存有核心网络下发的策略信息，该策略信息用于选择非3GPP接入网关。
用户设备通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立第二连接并释放第一连接，或者用户设备通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立第二连接并同时保持第一连接和第二连接，同时保持的第一连接和第二连接可以用于进行数据传输。
在本申请提供的方法中，用户设备确定从第一连接切换到第二连接，根据策略信息选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关，可以非3GPP接入网关的切换，从而保证业务连续性。
在一种可能的实现中，在用户设备根据策略信息，选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关时，用户设备可以根据会话的切片，选择第二非3GPP接入网关，其中第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包括会话的切片。
在一种可能的实现中，在用户设备根据策略信息，选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关时，用户设备可以根据第一连接对应的切片，选择第二非3GPP接入网关，第二连接对应的切片包括第一连接对应的切片。第二连接对应的切片可以为第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片，第一连接对应的切片可以为第一非3GPP接入网关支持的切片。可选的，第一连接对应的切片包括会话的切片。
在一种可能的实现中，在用户设备根据策略信息，选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP 接入网关时，用户设备可以根据第二连接对应的切片的优先级，选择第二非3GPP接入网关。例如第二非3GPP接入网关支持该第二连接对应的切片的优先级。
在一种可能的实现中，在用户设备根据策略信息，选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关时，用户设备可以根据切片优先级选择第二非3GPP接入网关。例如用户设备根据切片优先级选择支持第一优先级切片的第二非3GPP接入网关，如果第一优先级切片选择不到或不支持第一优先级切片，用户设备选择支持第二优先级切片的第二非3GPP接入网关，如果第二优先级切片选择不到或不支持第二优先级切片，用户设备继续选择支持第三优先级切片的第二非3GPP接入网关，直至选择出第二非3GPP接入网关。可选的，第一优先级高于第二优先级，且第二优先级高于第三优先级。
在一种可能的实现中，在用户设备通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接时，用户设备可以向第二非3GPP接入网关发送请求消息，该请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
在一种可能的实现中，用户设备还可以接收第一非3GPP接入网关发送的用于释放第一连接的信息；用户设备释放第一连接。在该实现中建立第二连接时，网络侧可以发起第一连接的释放流程。
在一种可能的实现中，用户设备还可以利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。其中利用第一连接传输的数据和利用第二连接传输的数据可以相同，或者可以不同。在该数据传输中，第一连接和第二连接同时保持，当然，后续如在切换到第二连接后，或者第一连接的数据传输完成等情况下，也可以对第一连接进行释放，仅保留第二连接。
如果利用第一连接传输的数据和利用第二连接传输的数据相同，用户可以对利用第一连接和第二连接同时接收到的相同的下行数据进行去重处理。
在一种可能的实现中，当第一连接的数据传输完成时，用户设备还可以向第一非3GPP接入网关发送连接释放请求消息。在该实现中，用户设备可以发起第一连接的释放流程。可选的，连接释放请求消息包括指示信息，该指示信息用于指示第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
在一种可能的实现中，用户设备还可以将接收第一地址信息，第一地址信息对应第一连接，和/或接收第二地址信息，第二地址信息对应第二连接。其中第一地址信息和第二地址信息可以用于区分第一连接和第二连接，或者用于区分第一非3GPP接入网关和第二非3GPP接入网关。第一地址信息可以为网络侧(如会话管理网元或用户面网元)为第一连接分配，第二地址信息可以为网络侧为第二连接分配。
在一种可能的实现中，用户设备可以利用第二地址信息封装数据包，然后用户设备基于第二地址信息对应的第二连接发送数据包。
第四方面，提供一种通信方法，包括如下过程：用户面网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；用户面网元接收第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接；用户面网元根据该第三指示信息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接；用户面网元利用第二连接进行数据传输。
可选的，会话管理网元向用户面网元发送第三指示信息。
在本申请提供的方法中，用户面网关根据指示信息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接，然后利用第二连接进行数据传输，实现业务流在非3GPP接入网关之间的切片，从而保证业务连续性。
在一种可能的实现中，用户面网元还可以接收第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示用户面网元利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输；
在用户面网元利用第二连接进行数据传输时，用户面网元可以利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。在该数据传输中，第一连接和第二连接同时保持，当然，后续如在切换到第二连接后，或者第一连接的数据传输完成等情况下，也可以对第一连接进行释放，仅保留第二连接。
可选的，会话管理网元向用户面网元发送第二指示信息。
其中利用第一连接传输的数据和利用第二连接传输的数据可以相同，或者可以不同。
如果利用第一连接传输的数据和利用第二连接传输的数据相同，用户面网元可以对利用第一连接和第二连接同时接收到的相同的上行数据进行去重处理。
在一种可能的实现中，用户面网元还可以接收结束数据包。示例的，用户设备可以向第一非3GPP接入网关发送连接释放请求消息，第一非3GPP接入网关根据该连接释放请求消息，向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
用户面网元基于结束数据包发送第四指示信息给会话管理网元。会话管理网元基于第四指示信息对第一连接进行释放。
在一种可能的实现中，用户面网元可以根据会话支持的分流功能，为第二连接分配不同于第一连接的地址信息，用户面网元向会话管理网元发送为第二连接分配的地址信息。分流功能可以为MPTCP分流功能或MP-QUIC分流功能。
第五方面，提供一种通信方法，包括如下过程：第一非3GPP接入网关接收连接释放请求消息；第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
可选的，连接释放请求消息包括指示信息，该指示信息用于指示第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包。在第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包时，第一非3GPP接入网关根据该指示信息，向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
其中在利用第一连接进行数据传输时，第一非3GPP接入网关可以发送上行数据和/或下行数据。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元或非3GPP接入网关，或者为设置为会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元或非3GPP接入网关中的芯片。该通信装置可以实现上述任一方面所提供的方法。
通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置，包括收发单元。可选地，该通信装置还包括处理单元。该通信装置可以实现任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器可用于执行上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器，该处理器与存储器耦合，存储器中用于存储计算机程序或指令，处理器可以执行存储器中的程序或指令，以使得该装置可以执行上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
第九方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置包括接口电路和逻辑电路，逻辑电路与接口电路耦合。该接口电路可以为代码/数据读写接口电路，该接口电路用于接收计算机执行指令 (计算机执行指令存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该逻辑电路，以使该逻辑电路运行计算机执行指令以执行上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
在一些可能的设计中，该通信装置可以为芯片或芯片系统。
第十方面，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
可选地，该处理器可以为一个或多个，该存储器也可以为一个或多个。可选地，该存储器可以与该处理器集成在一起，或者该存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
该通信装置可以是一个芯片，该处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第十一方面，提供一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该处理器执行上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第十二方面，提供一种通信装置，包括：逻辑电路和输入输出接口，该输入输出接口用于与该通信装置之外的模块通信；该逻辑电路用于运行计算机程序或指令以执行上述任一方面的任一项设计所提供的方法。该通信装置可以为上述任一方面中的会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元或非3GPP接入网关，或者包含上述会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元或非3GPP接入网关的装置，或者上述会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元或非3GPP接入网关中包含的装置，比如芯片。
或者，该输入输出接口可以为代码/数据读写接口电路，或通信接口，该输入输出接口用于接收计算机程序或指令(计算机程序或指令存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该输入输出接口，以使该输入输出接口运行计算机程序或指令以执行上述任一方面的方法。
可选的，该通信装置可以为芯片。
第十三方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当该计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
第十四方面，提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
第十五方面，提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和接口，用于支持通信装置实现上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的功能。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，用于保存前述通信装置的必要的信息和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十六方面，提供芯片装置，该芯片装置包括输入接口和/或输出接口。该输入接口可以实现上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的接收功能，该输出接口可以实现上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的发送功能。
第十七方面，提供一种功能实体，该功能实体用于实现上述任一方面或任一方面中的任一项实现所提供的方法。
第十八方面，提供一种通信系统，包括上述第一方面的会话管理网元和上述第二方面的接入管理网元。
可选的，该通信系统还包括上述第三方面的用户设备。
可选的，该通信系统还包括上述第四方面的用户面网元。
可选的，该通信系统还包括上述第五方面的第一非3GPP接入网关，和第二非3GPP接入网关。
其中，第六方面至第十八方面中任一实现所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面至第五方面所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图2为一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图3为一种会话接入示意图；
图4为一种多接入架构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信过程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信过程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信过程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信过程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信过程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。
如图1所示，为基于服务化架构的5G网络架构示意图。图1所示的5G网络架构中可 包括三部分，分别是终端设备部分、数据网络(data network，DN)和运营商网络部分。下面对其中的部分网元的功能进行简单介绍说明。
其中，运营商网络可包括以下网元中的一个或多个：鉴权服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)网元、网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元、策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、统一数据库(unified data repository，UDR)、网络存储功能(network repository function，NRF)网元、接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、无线接入网(radioaccess network，RAN)以及用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元等。上述运营商网络中，除无线接入网部分之外的部分可以称为核心网络部分。在一种可能的实现方法中，运营商网络中还包括应用功能(Application Function，AF)网元。或者，AF也可能不属于运营商网络，而是属于第三方。
终端设备(terminal device)，是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、用户设备(user equipment，UE)等。
上述终端设备可通过运营商网络提供的接口(例如N1等)与运营商网络建立连接，使用运营商网络提供的数据和/或语音等服务。终端设备还可通过运营商网络访问DN，使用DN上部署的运营商业务，和/或第三方提供的业务。其中，上述第三方可为运营商网络和终端设备之外的服务方，可为终端设备提供数据和/或语音等服务。其中，上述第三方的具体表现形式，具体可根据实际应用场景确定，在此不做限制。
RAN是运营商网络的子网络，是运营商网络中业务节点与终端设备之间的实施系统。终端设备要接入运营商网络，首先是经过RAN，进而可通过RAN与运营商网络的业务节点连接。RAN设备，是一种为终端设备提供无线通信功能的设备，RAN设备也称为接入网设备。RAN设备包括但不限于：5G中的下一代基站(g nodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseBand unit，BBU)、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等。
核心网络部分包括用户面功能和控制面功能。
用户面功能包括UPF网元。UPF网元作为和数据网络的接口，完成用户面数据(如分组数据包)转发、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)控制、基于会话/流级的计费统计，带宽限制等功能。
控制面功能主要进行用户注册认证、移动性管理、向用户面功能下发数据包转发策略、QoS控制策略等。控制面功能可以进一步细化包括除UPF网元之外的其它网元，如AMF 网元和SMF网元等。
其中，AMF网元，主要进行用户接入时的注册流程，以及用户移动过程中的位置管理、接入鉴权/授权等功能。此外，还负责在UE与PCF间传递用户策略。
SMF网元，主要进行用户发起业务时建立相应的会话连接，为用户提供具体服务，如基于SMF与UPF之间的NG4接口向UPF下发数据包转发策略、QoS策略等功能。
AUSF网元，主要负责对用户进行鉴权，确定用户设备的合法性，以确定是否允许用户或设备接入网络。
UDM网元，主要负责存储用户设备的签约数据、用户接入授权等功能。
UDR，主要负责签约数据、策略数据、应用数据等类型数据的存取功能。
PCF网元，主要负责向AMF或SMF下发业务相关的策略。
NEF网元，主要用于支持能力和事件的开放。
AF网元，主要向PCF传递应用侧对网络侧的需求，使得PCF生成对应的策略。AF可以是第三方功能实体，也可以是运营商部署的应用服务，如IP多媒体子系统(IP Multimedia Subsystem，IMS)语音呼叫业务。
NRF网元，可用于提供网元发现功能，基于其他网元的请求，提供网元类型对应的网元信息。NRF还提供网元管理服务，如网元注册、更新、去注册以及网元状态订阅和推送等。
DN，是位于运营商网络之外的网络，运营商网络可以接入多个DN，DN上可部署多种业务，可为终端设备提供数据和/或语音等服务。例如，DN是某智能工厂的私有网络，智能工厂安装在车间的传感器可为终端设备，DN中部署了传感器的控制服务器，控制服务器可为传感器提供服务。传感器可与控制服务器通信，获取控制服务器的指令，根据指令将采集的传感器数据传送给控制服务器等。又例如，DN是某公司的内部办公网络，该公司员工的手机或者电脑可为终端设备，员工的手机或者电脑可以访问公司内部办公网络上的信息、数据资源等。
图1中Nausf、Nnef、Npcf、Nudm、Naf、Namf、Nsmf、N1、N2、N3、N4，以及N6为接口序列号。这些接口序列号的含义可参见第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)标准协议中定义的含义，在此不做限制。
5G网络架构支持3GPP定义的无线接入技术(radio access technology，RAT)接入核心网络(core network，CN)，3GPP定义的RAT包括长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，5G RAN等。5G网络架构还支持非3GPP(non-3GPP，N3G)接入技术通过non-3GPP转换功能(non-3GPP interworking function，N3IWF)或下一代接入网关(next generation packet data gateway，ngPDG)接入核心网络。
当5G核心网络(5G core，5GC)支持non-3GPP接入时，则5G网络架构如图2所示。其中，接入网包括3GPP接入网和non-3GPP接入网。3GPP接入网中的接入设备可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备。N3IWF为non-3GPP接入网关。non-3GPP接入网例如可以包括非可信无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)接入网，N3IWF设备例如可以包括路由器等。
需要说明的是，5G核心网络还支持可信的non-3GPP接入和/或有线网络接入。可信的non-3GPP接入网络例如可以包括可信的WLAN网络，有线网络例如可以包括固定家庭网 络接入(以下简称固网)等。当5G核心网络支持可信的non-3GPP接入时，其5G网络架构与图2类似。可将图2中的非可信的non-3GPP接入替换为可信的non-3GPP接入，以及将N3IWF替换为可信的non-3GPP接入网关(trusted non-3GPP gateway function，TNGF)。当5G核心网络支持有线网络接入时，其5G网络架构与图2类似。可将图2中的非可信的non-3GPP接入替换为有线网络接入，以及将N3IWF替换为有线网络接入网关(wireline access gateway function，W-AGF)。UE与接入网关之间的接入网设备可以包括WLAN接入点(access point，AP)，固定接入网设备(fixed access network，FAN)，交换机，路由器等。
可见，non-3GPP接入技术包括可信的WLAN接入、非可信的WLAN接入、或有线网络接入等接入技术。而无论是可信的non-3GPP接入还是非可信的non-3GPP接入，核心网络可以采用图1所示的3GPP接入核心网络架构以及服务接口，或者可以采用图2所示的网络架构以及点对点接口协议。
可以理解的是，上述网元或者功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。可选的，上述网元或者功能可以由一个设备实现，也可以由多个设备共同实现，还可以是一个设备内的一个功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请中的移动性管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元、接入网设备、用户面网元分别可以是图1、或图2中的AMF、SMF、PCF、RAN、UPF，也可以是未来通信如第六代(6th generation，6G)网络中具有上述AMF、SMF、PCF、RAN、UPF的功能的网元，本申请对此不限定。为方便说明，本申请以移动性管理网元、会话管理网元、策略控制网元、接入网设备、用户面网元分别为上述AMF、SMF、PCF、RAN、UPF为例进行说明。进一步地，本申请中以终端设备为UE为例进行说明。
为便于理解本申请实施例方案，下面先对本申请实施例涉及的一些术语或名词进行解释说明。
一、会话，包括多接入PDU会话，单接入PDU会话。
多接入PDU(Multi-access PDU，MAPDU)会话(session)，为支持多种接入技术的PDU会话。如图3所示，为PDU会话与接入技术关系示意图。参考图3，PDU会话可以通过第一接入技术接入，也可以通过第二接入技术接入。该场景下，该PDU会话可以称为MAPDU会话。一个MAPDU会话用一个MAPDU会话标识(MAPDU session ID)进行标识。
其中，第一接入技术与第二接入技术不同，或者为相同接入技术但是由不同接入网设备分别使用第一接入技术或第二接入技术。第一接入技术与第二接入技术可以分别是但不限于是以下接入类型中的任意两个：3GPP接入，non-3GPP接入，LTE接入，5GRAN接入，可信non-3GPP接入，非可信non-3GPP接入，WLAN接入，可信WLAN接入，非可信WLAN接入，有线网络接入(固网接入)，可信Wi-Fi接入，或非可信Wi-Fi接入等。
MAPDU会话可以实现业务流在不同接入技术之间的移动或并发。如业务流通过第一接入技术传输，后续该业务流移动到通过第二接入技术传输。或者，业务流的业务数据包同时使用第一接入技术与第二接入技术传输，以扩大带宽。
单PDU会话，为支持单接入技术的PDU会话。一个PDU会话包括一个或多个QoS流。一个PDU会话用一个PDU会话标识(PDU session ID)进行标识。
二、业务流。
本申请实施例中，业务流包括业务数据流(service data flow，SDF)、IP数据流、以太数据流(或以太流)或至少一个QoS流。
一个QoS流包括一个或多个SDF。
一个SDF包括一个或多个IP流，或者包括一个或多个以太流。一个SDF中的IP数据包或以太数据包对应相同的业务数据流描述信息。
一个IP流包括一个或多个IP数据包，一个IP流中的IP数据包具有相同的IP五元组信息。该IP五元组信息包括源IP地址、目的IP地址、源端口号、目的端口号或协议号中的至少一个。
一个以太流包括一个或多个以太数据包，一个以太流中的以太数据包具有相同的以太流描述信息。该以太流描述信息包括源MAC地址或目的MAC地址中的至少一个。
本申请实施例中，业务数据包包括IP数据包或以太数据包等。
三、业务数据流(SDF)的分流模式(steering mode)。
业务数据流的分流模式用于表示业务数据流在两种接入技术的数据传输通道中是如何选路、移动或拆分的，业务数据流的分流模式包括但不限于：主备(active-standby)模式、最小时延(smallest delay)模式、负载均衡(load-balancing)模式或基于优先权(priority-based)模式。
四、业务数据流(SDF)的分流功能(steering function)，用于表示执行业务流分流的功能。
五、无线接入技术，指通过无线介质将用户终端与网络节点连接起来，以实现用户与网络间的信息传递的接入技术。
接入技术包括3GPP接入，non-3GPP接入，LTE接入，5G NR接入，可信WLAN接入，非可信WLAN接入，有线网络接入等。其中LTE与5G NR属于3GPP接入技术，WLAN接入与有线网络接入属于non-3GPP接入技术。
六、本申请中的“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中所涉及的多个，是指两个或两个以上。
另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
为了实现非3GPP接入网关的切换，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例适用于移动通信系统，如第四代(4th Generation，4G)通信系统(例如LTE系统)，5G通信系统(例如，新无线(new radio，NR)系统)，及未来的移动通信系统如6G等。移动通信系统支持多种接入技术，例如5GC网络支持多种接入技术，或者5GC与演进分组核心网络(evolved packet core，EPC)融合网络支持多种接入技术。本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的 技术问题，同样适用。
本申请实施例适用的一种多接入架构的示意图如图4所示，在该多接入架构中，UE可以实现non-3GPP接入网关之间的切换。该多接入架构中包括3GPP接入链路、第一non-3GPP接入链路(path#1)和第二non-3GPP接入链路(path#2)。
在3GPP接入链路中，基站作为接入设备支持3GPP接入技术，UE可以通过3GPP接入技术接入5GC，基站与5GC中的UPF通过N3接口进行通信。
在第一non-3GPP接入链路(path#1)中，非可信无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)AP作为接入设备支持non-3GPP接入技术，UE可以通过non-3GPP接入技术接入5GC，AP通过non-3GPP接入网关N3IWF与5GC中的UPF进行通信。
在第二non-3GPP接入链路(path#2)中，可信Wi-FiAP作为接入设备支持non-3GPP接入技术，UE可以通过non-3GPP接入技术接入5GC，Wi-Fi AP通过non-3GPP接入网关TNGF与5GC中的UPF进行通信。
当UE从N3IWF切换到TNGF时，path#1是源侧non-3GPP链路，N3IWF是源侧non-3GPP接入网关，非可信Wi-Fi AP是源侧non-3GPP接入点，path#2是目标侧non-3GPP链路，TNGF是目标侧non-3GPP接入网关，可信Wi-Fi AP是目标侧non-3GPP接入点。当UE从TNGF切换到N3IWF时，path#2是源侧non-3GPP链路，TNGF是源侧non-3GPP接入网关，可信Wi-Fi AP是源侧non-3GPP接入点，path#1是目标侧non-3GPP链路，N3IWF是目标侧non-3GPP接入网关，非可信Wi-Fi AP是目标侧non-3GPP接入点。
需要说明的是，path#1和path#2可以采用相同的接入技术，但是通过不同的non-3GPP接入设备连接到不同的non-3GPP接入网关，如UE从一个N3IWF切换到另一个N3IWF，又如UE从一个TNGF切换到另一个TNGF。
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法示意图。该方法包括以下步骤：
S501：会话管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接。
S502：会话管理网元接收请求消息，请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
S503：会话管理网元根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。
S504：会话管理网元向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。
基于上述方案，会话管理网元根据请求消息可以发起从第一连接到第二连接的切换，实现非3GPP接入网关之间的切换，从而保证业务的连续性。
其中，非3GPP接入网关为非3GPP接入技术中的接入网关，用户设备通过非3GPP接入网关建立连接，接入到非3GPP接入技术的网络(以下称为非3GPP网络)中。一般的，用户设备通过非3GPP接入点与非3GPP接入网关建立连接。在一些情况下，非3GPP接入点发生改变时，非3GPP接入网关也可能发生改变，使得用户设备的业务流从一个非3GPP接入网关切换到另一个非3GPP接入网关。
作为一种实现方式，其中第一连接和第二连接可以为相同接入类型的非3GPP接入技术，或者可以为不同接入类型的非3GPP接入技术。例如，非3GPP接入为可信非3GPP接入或有线网络接入，非3GPP接入网关可以为TNGF。又如，非3GPP接入为非可信非 3GPP接入或有线网络接入，非3GPP接入网关可以为N3IWF。
第一连接对应于第一非3GPP接入网关，具体的，第一连接可以为通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立的非3GPP链路，或者第一连接可以为用户设备的会话切换前使用的非3GPP链路。第二连接对应于第二非3GPP接入网关，具体的，第二连接可以为通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立的非3GPP链路，或者第二连接可以为用户设备的会话切换后使用的非3GPP链路。在本申请实施例中所涉及的“会话”可以是多接入(multi-access，MA)会话或单接入会话。更具体地，“会话”可以是多接入协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话或单接入PDU会话。示例的，第一连接可以为PDU会话，或者可以为MA PDU会话中的一个连接，第二连接可以为PDU会话，或者可以为MA PDU会话中的另一个连接。
作为一种实现方式，在上述S501中，非3GPP网络中的其它设备也可以通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接。例如接入管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接。又如用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接。在一个示例中，用户设备发起会话建立流程，具体可以是用户设备向第一非3GPP接入网关发送会话建立消息，第一非3GPP接入网关向接入管理网元发送会话建立消息。作为一种实现方式，会话建立消息为PDU会话建立(PDU session establishment)消息，该PDU session establishment消息包含MA PDU会话请求指示信息，用于指示PDU会话为MA PDU会话。
在上述S502中，会话管理网元可以接收到接入管理网元发送的请求消息。在一个示例中，接入管理网元接收请求消息，该请求消息请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接，接入管理网元向会话管理网关发送请求消息。为了便于区分，这里将接入管理网元接收到的请求消息称为第一请求消息，会话管理网元接收到的请求消息称为第二请求消息。下面结合图6对该示例一种可能的流程进行说明，包括以下步骤：
S601：接入管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接。
S602：接入管理网元接收第一请求消息，第一请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
S603：接入管理网元确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。
S604：接入管理网元向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息，第二请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
该604与上述S502对应，即在上述S502中，会话管理网元接收该第二请求消息。
S605：接入管理网元接收会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。
该S605与上述S504对应，即在上述S504中，会话管理网元向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。
作为一种实现方式，上述请求消息(即第二请求消息)包括但不限于以下一个或多个信息：第一指示信息、第二连接的接入类型或会话标识信息，其中第一指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接，会话标识信息用于表示进行切换的会话。在上述S503中，具体可以是：会话管理网元根据第一指示信息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接，和/或会话管理网元根据第一连接的接入类型和第二连接的接入类型确定从第一连接切换到第二连 接，和/或会话管理网元根据会话标识信息确定将该会话标识信息所标识的会话从第一连接切换到第二连接。其中第一连接的接入类型可以是通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立第一连接时在相应的请求消息中携带的。作为一个示例，会话管理网元可以根据第一指示信息和会话标识信息确定将该会话从第一连接切换到第二连接。作为另一个示例，当第一连接的接入类型和第二连接的接入类型不同时，会话管理网元可以根据第一连接的接入类型和第二连接的接入类型确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。具体的，会话管理网元可以根据第一连接的接入类型和第二连接的接入类型的差异确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。
如果会话管理网元获取到第二连接的接入类型，会话管理网元可以向策略控制网元发送第二连接的接入类型，第二连接的接入类型用于(策略控制网元)确定分流策略。策略控制网元根据第二连接的接入类型可以根据更新分流策略，或者保持当前的分流策略不变。例如，当从非可信非3GPP接入(即第一连接的接入类型为非可信非3GPP接入)切换到可信非3GPP接入(即第二连接的接入类型为可信非3GPP接入)时，策略控制网元可以确定分流策略为优先蜂窝链路等。
在一种可能的实现方式(以下称为方式1)中，网络侧可以建立第二连接以及删除第一连接。例如，会话管理信息可以为用于建立第二连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息可以为第二非3GPP接入网关的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关为第二非3GPP接入网关，这样会话管理网元可以实现用户设备的第二连接的建立。又如，会话管理信息可以为用于释放第一连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息可以为第一非3GPP接入网关信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关为第一非3GPP接入网关，这样会话管理网元可以实现用户设备的第一连接的释放。
会话管理信息可以为N2会话管理(session management，SM)信息，可以理解，该N2SM信息仅为示例，本申请实施例中对会话管理信息的形式不做限制。
在另一种可能的实现方式(以下称为方式2)中，网络侧可以同时保持第一连接和第二连接。例如，会话管理信息可以为用于建立第二连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关可以为第二非3GPP接入网关，这样会话管理网元可以实现用户设备的第二连接的建立，并且可以通过不释放第一连接，来同时保持第一连接和第二连接。
在该方式2中，网络侧可以利用两个连接进行数据传输，例如会话管理网元可以向用户面网元发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示用户面网元利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。用户面网元根据第二指示信息，与用户设备可以利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。第一连接传输的数据和第二连接传输的数据可以相同，或者可以不同。
在上述方式1和方式2中，会话管理网元还可以向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接。用户面网元根据第三指示信息，确定从第一连接切换到第二连接，然后利用第二连接进行数据传输。
其中在一些情况下(如数据传输完成时，或第二连接建立完成时，或切换到第二连接时等)网络侧可以发起第一连接的释放流程，来释放第一连接，或者用户设备可以发起第一连接的释放流程，来释放第一连接。例如会话管理网元可以接收到用户面发送的第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于指示释放第一连接，此时会话管理信息为用于释放第一连接，会话管理信息对应的接入网关为第一非3GPP接入网关，即会话管理网元根据第四指示信息，释放第一连接；又如，会话管理网元可以接收到第一非3GPP接入网关发送的第五指 示信息，第五指示信息用于释放第一连接，会话管理网关根据第五指示信息，释放第一连接；又如会话管理网元根据第四指示信息和第五指示信息，释放第一连接。
在上述S602中，接入管理网元可以接收第二非3GPP接入网关发送的第一请求消息。在一个示例中，用户设备通过第二非3GPP接入网关向接入管理网元发送第一请求消息，具体地，用户设备向第二非3GPP接入网关发送第一请求消息，第二非3GPP接入网关向接入管理网元发送第一请求消息。下面结合图7为该示例一种可能的通信流程进行说明，包括以下步骤：
S701：用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接。
S702：用户设备确定需要从第一连接切换到第二连接。
S703：用户设备根据策略信息，选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关。
S704：用户设备通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
可选的，第一请求消息可以携带用户标识信息，具体的第一请求消息中携带有NAS消息，该NAS消息中携带用户标识信息。
作为一种实现方式，在S603中，接入管理网元可以确定第二非3GPP接入网关支持切片。具体的，当第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包含第二连接的切片时，可以确定第二非3GPP接入网关支持切片，接入管理网元可以向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息。而当第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片不包含第二连接的切片时，可以确定第二非3GPP接入网关不支持切片，接入管理网元可以发起第一连接的释放流程，如向会话管理网元发送释放请求消息，用于释放第一连接。
接入管理网元还可以区分源侧非3GPP接入网关和目标侧非3GPP接入网关，例如接入管理网元可以存储有非3GPP接入网关的连接标记，该连接标记用于区分源侧非3GPP接入网关和目标侧非3GPP接入网关，或者用于区分新旧连接。例如接入管理网元设置第一连接或第一非3GPP接入网关的第一标识信息，设置第二连接或第二非3GPP接入网关的第二标识信息。
作为一种实现方式，在上述S605之后，接入管理网元还可以向接入网关信息对应的接入网关，发送会话管理信息。示例的，接入管理网元可以根据第一标识信息和/或第二标识信息，区分第一非3GPP接入网关和第二非3GPP接入网关，这样接入管理网元可以向第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放第一连接的信息，和/或向第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立第二连接的信息。
作为一种实现方式中，在上述S702中，用户设备可以在检测到新的非3GGP接入点或新的非3GPP接入网关时，确定需要从第一连接切换到第二连接；或者用户设备可以在用户位置移动，非3GPP接入点发生变化导致的非3GPP接入网关发生变化时，确定需要从第一连接切换到第二连接。
在上述S703中，作为一种实现方式，用户设备可以将检测到的新的非3GPP接入网关作为第二非3GPP接入网关；作为另一种实现方式，用户设备根据第一连接对应的切片，选择第二非3GPP接入网关，第二连接对应的切片包括第一连接对应的切片，例如第二连 接的切片可以为第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片，第一连接对应的切片可以为第一非3GPP接入网关支持的切片。可选的，第一连接的切片包括会话的切片；作为又一种实现方式，用户设备可以根据第二连接对应的切片的优先级，选择第二非3GPP接入网关，例如第二非3GPP接入网关支持该第二连接对应的切片的优先级；作为又一种实现方式，用户设备根据切片优先级选择第二非3GPP接入网关，例如用户设备根据切片优先级选择支持第一优先级切片的第二非3GPP接入网关，如果第一优先级切片选择不到或不支持第一优先级切片，用户设备选择支持第二优先级切片的第二非3GPP接入网关，如果第二优先级切片选择不到或不支持第二优先级切片，用户设备继续选择支持第三优先级切片的第二非3GPP接入网关，直至选择出第二非3GPP接入网关，可选的，第一优先级高于第二优先级，且第二优先级高于第三优先级。
作为一种实现方式，在上述S704中，用户设备可以向第二非3GPP接入网关发送请求消息，该请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。可选的，该请求消息为上述第一请求消息。
在上述方式1中，用户设备还可以接收第一非3GPP接入网关发送的用于释放第一连接的信息，用户设备释放该第一连接。
在上述方式2中，用户设备还可以利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。例如第一连接传输的数据和第二连接传输的数据可以相同，或者可以不同。示例的，用户设备可以接收网络侧(如会话管理网元或用户面网元)为第一连接分配的第一地址信息，接收网络侧为第二连接分配的第二地址信息，其中第一地址信息和第二地址信息可以相同或不同。在用户设备利用第二连接进行数据传输时，用户设备可以根据第二地址信息封装数据包，利用第二连接发送该数据包。这里的地址信息可以是IP地址、FQDN、以太地址、MAC地址或端口号等信息。
在上述方式2中，用户设备可以主动发起第一连接的释放流程，例如当第一连接的数据传输完成时，用户设备向第一非3GPP接入网关发送连接释放请求消息。可选的，连接释放请求消息包括指示信息，该指示信息用于指示第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包，第一非3GPP接入网关可以根据该指示信息，向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
可选的，本申请实施例涉及的“确定从第一连接切换到第二连接”，如S503，S603或S702，可以理解为确定将要从第一连接切换到第二连接，或者确定需要从第一连接切换到第二连接，或者确定想要从第一连接切换到第二连接，或者确定允许从第一连接切换到第二连接。本申请实施例对涉及的各“消息”、“指示信息”的名称和类型不做限定。
下面结合具体示例对上述方式1进行说明。参考图8，为通信过程的一个示例图，包括以下步骤：
S801：UE发起MA PDU会话建立流程。
在S801中，UE可以通过第一非3GPP接入网关(例如，N3IWF-S或TNGF-S)向AMF发送PDU session establishment消息。PDU session establishment消息包括MA PDU会话请求指示信息，MA PDU会话请求指示信息用于标识该会话为MA PDU session。MA PDU会话的多接入链路包括3GPP链路和非3GPP链路，本申请实施例主要以非3GPP链路进行 说明。
在该S801中，UE通过第一非3GPP接入网关(如N3IWF-S或TNGF-S)建立第一连接。其中N3IWF-S指源侧(source，S)N3IWF，TNGF-S指源侧(S)TNGF。
S802：UE选择第二非3GPP接入网关。
UE检测到新的3GPP接入点，UE与新的3GPP接入点建立连接。UE可以选择目标侧3GPP接入网关(即第二非3GPP接入网关，例如N3IWF-T或TNGF-T)，通过新的3GPP接入点与目标侧3GPP接入网关建立第二连接。其中N3IWF-T指目标侧(target，T)N3IWF，TNGF-T指目标侧(T)TNGF。
UE在选择第二非3GPP接入网关时，可以根据会话的切片选择第二非3GPP接入网关。UE可以获取网络侧发送的策略信息，该策略信息用于选择非3GPP接入网关，该策略信息可以包括非3GPP接入网关的标识及其支持的切片信息或切片类型。
UE根据会话的切片选择第二非3GPP接入网关时，具体可以是：UE(在策略信息中)获取目标侧3GPP接入网关支持的切片，优先选择支持会话的切片的非3GPP接入网关作为第二非3GPP接入网关，否则，UE可以基于切片优先级选择第二非3GPP接入网关。
S803：UE向第二非3GPP接入网关发送NAS消息。相应地，第二非3GPP接入网关接收NAS消息。
该NAS消息可以为注册(registration)请求消息，或者可以为服务请求(service request，SR)消息，或者可以为PDU会话建立消息。可选的，NAS消息中可以包括用户标识，该用户标识可以为用户临时标识或用户永久标识。可选的，NAS消息中可以包括MA PDU会话标识(MA PDU session ID)，用于表示UE请求将该PDU会话从第一连接切换到第二连接。
S804：第二非3GPP接入网关向AMF发送NAS消息。相应地，AMF接收NAS消息。
在S804中，第二非3GPP接入网关通过N2接口将NAS消息转发给AMF，具体地，第二非3GPP接入网关向AMF发送N2消息，该N2消息包括NAS消息。
S805：AMF区分第一连接和第二连接，确定是否允许MA PDU会话从第一连接切换到第二连接。
AMF可以对接收到的NAS消息或N2消息进行解析，确定NAS消息或N2消息中携带的用户标识。AMF基于用户标识查找用户上下文，用户上下文中存储有第一连接的标识和第二连接的标识，因此AMF可以在用户上下文中区分第一连接和第二连接，其中第一连接可以标记为旧(old)连接，第二连接可以标记为新(new)连接。
AMF可以基于MA PDU会话的切片，判断是否允许MA PDU会话从第一连接切换到第二连接。具体可以是：若第二非3GPP接入网关支持MA PDU会话的切片，即第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包含MA PDU会话的切片，AMF允许MA PDU会话从第一连接切换到第二连接，若第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片不包含MA PDU会话的切片，AMF可以发起MA PDU会话的释放流程，具体而言AMF可以发起MA PDU会话的第一连接的释放流程。
S806：若确定允许MA PDU会话从第一连接切换到第二连接，AMF向SMF发送请求消息。相应地，SMF接收请求消息。
该请求消息可以包括以下至少一种：MA PDU会话标识、第一指示信息、第二非3GPP接入网关的接入网关信息或第二连接的RAT信息。第一指示信息用于指示该会话从第一连 接切换到第二连接，第一指示信息可以为非3GPP接入网关切换指示，或相同RAT连接的切换指示等，在本申请实施例中不做限制。第二非3GPP接入网关的接入网关信息可以是第二非3GPP接入网关的IP地址信息、FQDN、或设备标识中的一个或多个。可选的，当第一连接和第二连接的RAT相同时，请求消息中至少包括第一指示信息，当第一连接和第二连接的RAT不同时，即当第二连接的RAT发生改变时，请求消息中至少包括第二连接的RAT信息。
S807：若请求消息包括第二连接的RAT信息，SMF向PCF发送第二连接的RAT信息。相应地，PCF接收第二连接的RAT信息。
S808：PCF根据第二连接的RAT信息确定分流策略。
PCF根据第二连接的RAT信息，确定更新分流策略，或者维持当前的分流策略不变。
S809：PCF向SMF发送分流策略。相应地，SMF接收分流策略。
S810：SMF向UPF发送N4接口请求消息。相应地，UPF接收N4接口请求消息。
SMF根据请求消息，对MA PDU会话发起非3GPP接入网关的更新/切换流程，具体参见S810至下述S821。
在S810中，N4接口请求消息可以是包转发控制协议(packet forwarding control protocol，PFCP)连接新建请求消息，或者PFCP连接更新请求消息。可选的，N4接口请求消息包括非3GPP接入网关的指示信息。如果用户面隧道信息由SMF分配，N4接口请求消息还可选的包括用户面隧道信息，如UPF的地址信息(如IP地址信息)与隧道端点标识(tunnel endpoint identifier，TEID)。
在非3GPP接入网关的更新/切换流程中，对于处于激活(active)状态的MA PDU会话，SMF发起第二非3GPP接入网关与UPF之间的连接建立流程(参见下述S812至S817)，以及发起第一非3GPP接入网关与UPF之间的连接释放流程(参见下述S818至S821)。
如果MA PDU会话处于未激活(inactive)状态，即第一非3GPP接入网关没有建立与UPF之间的用户面连接，则SMF无需发起第一非3GPP接入网关与UPF之间的连接释放流程，只发起第二非3GPP接入网关与UPF之间的连接建立流程，也就是说，下述S818至S821)为可选步骤。
S811：UPF向SMF发送N4消息。相应地，SMF接收N4消息。
N4消息包括非3GPP接入网关的指示信息。如果用户面隧道信息由UPF分配，N4消息可选的包括用户面隧道信息。
S812：SMF向AMF发送N11消息，N11消息包括第二指示信息和N2SM information等。相应地，AMF接收N11消息。
第二指示信息用于指示将N2SM information发送给第二非3GPP接入网关，第二指示信息可以为第二非3GPP接入网关的指示信息，或new N2接口指示信息，或第二非3GPP接入网关的接入网关信息。
S813：AMF根据第二指示信息，将N2SM information发送给第二非3GPP接入网关。相应地，第二非3GPP接入网关接收N2SM information。
S814：第二非3GPP接入网关建立与UE之间的第二连接。
该第二连接为MA PDU会话的用户面连接，具体的，用户面连接可以为互联网安全协议(internet protocol security，IPSec)隧道、或子安全隧道。
S815：第二非3GPP接入网关向SMF发送分配的接入侧隧道信息。相应地，SMF接 收接入侧隧道信息。
第二非3GPP接入网关分配接入侧隧道信息(或称用户面隧道信息)，接入侧隧道信息包括第二非3GPP接入网关的地址信息和隧道标识。
第二非3GPP接入网关可以向AMF发送接入侧隧道信息，AMF向SMF转发接入侧隧道信息。可选的，AMF还向SMF发送第二非3GPP接入指示信息。
S816：SMF向UPF发送PFCP会话更新请求消息。
PFCP会话更新请求消息包括接入侧隧道信息。
S817：UPF使用第二非3GPP接入网关的接入侧隧道信息替换第一非3GPP接入网关的接入侧隧道信息。
S818：SMF向AMF发送N11消息，N11消息包括第三指示信息和N2SM释放(release)。相应地，AMF接收N11消息。
第三指示信息用于指示将N2SM release发送给第一非3GPP接入网关，第三指示信息可以为第一非3GPP接入网关的指示信息，或old N2接口指示信息，或第一非3GPP接入网关的接入网关信息。
S819：AMF根据第三指示信息，将N2SM release发送给第一非3GPP接入网关。相应地，第一非3GPP接入网关接收N2SM release。
S820：第一非3GPP接入网关释放与UE之间的第一连接。
该第一连接为MA PDU会话的用户面连接，具体的，用户面连接可以为IPSec安全连接、或子安全连接。
S821：第一非3GPP接入网关向SMF发送响应消息，用于通知第一连接释放。相应地，SMF接收响应消息。
第一非3GPP接入网关可以向AMF发送响应消息，AMF向SMF转发给响应消息。
可以理解的是，在能够实现非3GPP接入网关切换的前提下，上述各步骤之间的执行顺序不做限制，可能同时发送，也可能存在先后顺序。
在该示例中网络侧实现目标侧非3GPP接入网关的连接的建立，以及源侧非3GPP接入网关的连接的释放，支持UE切换非3GPP接入网关。
下面结合具体示例对上述方式2进行说明。参考图9，为通信过程的一个示例图，包括以下步骤：
S901至S909的过程参见上述S801至S809。
S910：SMF向UPF发送N4消息，N4消息包括第四指示信息。相应地，UPF接收N4消息。
N4消息可以是PFCP连接新建请求消息或者PFCP连接更新请求消息。
第四指示信息用于指示UPF利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输，例如用于指示UPF保留至少两条用户面连接，并在该至少两条连接上进行冗余传输。冗余传输指下行数据的相同数据包同时在至少两条连接发送，上行数据在至少两条连接收到时进行去重。第四指示信息可以为冗余传输指示，或者多非3GPP接入网关传输指示，或者多连接传输指示，或者优化切换指示灯，在本申请实施例中不做限制。
UPF可以区分第一连接和第二连接，例如标记第一连接为old连接，标记第二连接为new连接。
S911的过程参见上述S811。
S912：UPF在至少两条连接上收到相同业务数据包，UPF对上行的业务数据包进行去重处理。
S913至S915的过程参见上述S812至S814。
S916：UPF在至少两条连接上发送业务数据包。
UPF可以接收到第二非3GPP接入网关发送的接入侧隧道信息，或者UPF可以接收到第二非3GPP接入网关连接的另一个UPF分配的接入侧隧道信息，这样UPF可以在至少两条连接上进行冗余传输。
S917：UE在至少两条连接上发送相同业务数据包。
UE在上述S914中与第二非3GPP接入网关建立了第二连接，UE可以在至少两条连接上进行冗余传输。
S918：UE向第一非3GPP接入网关发送释放消息。相应地，第一非3GPP接入网关接收释放消息。
当UE确定释放第一连接时，UE发起第一连接的释放流程。例如当UE确定第二连接建立成功时，确定释放第一连接。释放消息可以为信息交换(information exchange)消息。
可选的，释放消息包括结束指示，结束指示用于指示第一非3GPP接入网关向UPF发送结束数据包。该结束指示可以是结束标记(end marker)，结束数据包可以为End Marker数据包，或结束数据包可以为通用分组无线技术(general packet radio service，GPRS)隧道协议(GPRS tunneling protocol，GTP)-用户面网元(user，U)协议的End Marker数据包。
S919：第一非3GPP接入网关向UPF发送结束数据包。相应地，UPF接收结束数据包。结束数据包同S917中的定义。
S920：UPF向SMF发送释放请求消息。相应地，SMF接收释放请求消息。
释放请求消息用于指示SMF发起第一连接的释放流程。释放请求消息可以是PFCP session报告(report)消息，PFCO session report消息包括释放指示信息，以及可选的第一非3GPP接入指示信息。
SMF根据释放指示信息和可选的第一非3GPP接入指示信息，SMF可以发起第一连接的释放流程，参见下述S921至S924。
S921-S924的过程参见上述S817至S821。
可以理解的是，在能够实现非3GPP接入网关切换的前提下，上述各步骤之间的执行顺序不做限制，可能同时发送，也可能存在先后顺序。
在该示例中网络侧实现目标侧非3GPP接入网关的连接的建立，以及源侧非3GPP接入网关的连接的释放，支持UE切换非3GPP接入网关，并且该示例支持多链路冗余传输，为了避免在切换过程中丢包，可以使用多条连接传输数据，并且切换完成后，由UE通知网络层释放源侧非3GPP接入网关的连接。
基于与上述通信方法的同一技术构思，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，如图10所示，通信装置1000包括处理单元1001和收发单元1002。可选的收发单元1002所实现的功能可以由通信接口完成，收发单元可以包括接收单元和/或发送单元。通信装置1000可以应用于会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元，或者位于会话管理网 元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元中。通信装置1000可以用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，例如通信装置1000能够执行上述图5、图6、图7、图8、图9的方法中由会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
在一个可能的实施例中，通信装置1000应用于会话管理网元。
例如，收发单元1002，用于通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；接收请求消息，请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接；
处理单元1001，用于根据请求消息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接；
收发单元1002，还用于向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。
请求消息包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接；
处理单元1001，具体用于根据第一指示信息确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。
在一个实现方式中，请求消息包括第二连接的接入类型；
处理单元1001，具体用于根据第一连接的接入类型和第二连接的接入类型确定从第一连接切换到第二连接。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于向策略控制网元发送第二连接的接入类型，用于策略控制网元确定分流策略。
在一个实现方式中，会话管理信息为用于建立第二连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第二非3GPP接入网关的信息；和/或
会话管理信息为用于释放第一连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于向用户面网元发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示用户面网元利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示从第一连接切换到第二连接。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于接收用户面网元发送的第四指示信息，第四指示信息用于指示释放第一连接；
会话管理信息为用于释放第一连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
在一个可能的实施例中，通信装置1000应用于接入管理网元。
例如，收发单元1002，用于通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；接收第一请求消息，第一请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接；
处理单元1001，还用于确定从第一连接切换到第二连接；
收发单元1002，还用于向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息，第二请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接；接收会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息；以及向接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送会话管理信息。
在一个实现方式中，处理单元1001，具体用于确定第二非3GPP接入网关支持切片。
在一个实现方式中，处理单元1001，还用于确定第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包含第二连接的切片。
在一个实现方式中，第二请求消息包括第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示从第一 连接切换到第二连接；和/或，
第二请求消息包括第二连接的接入类型。
在一个实现方式中，会话管理信息为用于建立第二连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第二非3GPP接入网关的信息；和/或
会话管理信息为用于释放第一连接的信息，会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
在一个实现方式中，处理单元1001，还用于存储第一连接或第一非3GPP接入网关的第一标识信息；存储第二连接或第二非3GPP接入网关的第二标识信息。
在一个实现方式中，处理单元1001，还用于根据第一标识信息和第二标识信息，区分第一非3GPP接入网关和第二非3GPP接入网关；
收发单元1002，具体用于向第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放第一连接的信息，和/或，向第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立第二连接的信息。
在一个可能的实施例中，通信装置1000应用于用户设备。
收发单元1002，用于通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；
处理单元1001，用于确定需要从第一连接切换到第二连接；根据策略信息选择第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关；
收发单元1002，还用于通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
在一个实现方式中，处理单元1001，具体用于根据第一连接的切片，选择第二非3GPP接入网关，第二连接的切片类型包括第一连接的切片；和/或根据第二连接的切片的优先级选择第二非3GPP接入网关。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，具体用于向第二非3GPP接入网关发送请求消息，请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第二连接。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于接收第一非3GPP接入网关发送的用于释放第一连接的信息；
处理单元1001，还用于释放第一连接。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于利用第一连接和第二连接进行数据传输。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于当第一连接的数据传输完成时，向第一非3GPP接入网关发送连接释放请求消息。
在一个实现方式中，连接释放请求消息包括指示信息，指示信息用于指示第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
在一个实现方式中，收发单元1002，还用于接收为第一连接分配的第一地址信息；以及接收为第二连接分配的第二地址信息。
在一个实现方式中，处理单元1001，还用于根据第二地址信息封装数据包；
收发单元1002，还用于利用第二连接发送数据包。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。例如收发单元可以包括接收单元和/或发送单元。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存 储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，该集成的单元可以作为计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。
如图11所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置1100的结构示意图。通信装置1100可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。例如通信装置1100能够执行上述图5、图6、图7、图8、图9的方法中由会话管理网元或接入管理网元或用户设备或用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
通信装置1100包括一个或多个处理器1101。处理器1101可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器、或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、终端、或芯片等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。通信装置可以包括收发单元，用以实现信号的输入(接收)和输出(发送)。例如，收发单元可以为收发器，射频芯片等。
通信装置1100包括一个或多个处理器1101，一个或多个处理器1101可实现上述所示的实施例中的方法。可选的，处理器1101除了实现上述所示的实施例的方法，还可以实现其他功能。
一种设计中，处理器1101可以执行指令，使得通信装置1100执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令可以全部或部分存储在处理器1101内，如指令1103可以全部或部分存储在处理器1101中，或者指令1103存储在处理器1101中，以及指令1104存储在与处理器耦合的存储器1102中，处理器1101可以同步执行指令1103和指令1104使得通信装置1100执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令1103和指令1104也称为计算机程序。
在又一种可能的设计中，通信装置1100还可以包括电路，电路可以实现前述方法实施例中的功能。
在又一种可能的设计中通信装置1100中可以包括一个或多个存储器1102，其上存有指令1104，指令可在处理器1101上被运行，使得通信装置1100执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，存储器1102中还可以存储有数据。可选的处理器1101中也可以存储指令和/或数据。例如，一个或多个存储器1102可以存储上述实施例中所描述的对应关系，或者上述实施例中所涉及的相关的参数或表格等。处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
在又一种可能的设计中，通信装置1100还可以包括收发器1105以及天线1106。处理器1101可以称为处理单元，对装置(终端或者基站)进行控制。收发器1105可以称为收发机、收发电路、或者收发单元等，用于通过天线1106实现装置的收发功能。
处理器可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、微处理器、特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路、通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以存储介质中，该存储 介质位于存储器。
存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchronous link DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的通信方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的通信方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，包括会话管理网元和接入管理网元。其中会话管理网元和接入管理网元可以实现上述任一方法实例的通信方法。
可选的，通信系统还包括用户设备、第一非3GPP接入网关、第二非3GPP接入网关、用户面网元或策略控制网元中的一个或多个。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是上述通信装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是上述存储介质或上述存储器。
在一种可能的设计中，当上述通信装置是芯片，如网络设备中的芯片时，或者，如终端设备中的芯片时，确定单元或者处理器1101可以是一个或多个逻辑电路，发送单元或者接收单元或者收发器1105可以是输入输出接口，又或者称为通信接口，或者接口电路，或接口等等。或者收发器1105还可以是发送单元和接收单元，发送单元可以是输出接口，接收单元可以是输入接口，该发送单元和接收单元集成于一个单元，例如输入输出接口。如图12所示，图12所示的通信装置1200包括逻辑电路1201和接口电路1202。即上述处理单元或者处理器1101可以用逻辑电路1201实现，收发单元或者收发器1105可以用接口电路1202实现。其中，该逻辑电路1201可以为芯片、处理电路、集成电路或片上系统(system on chip，SoC)芯片等，接口电路1202可以为通信接口、输入输出接口等。本申请实施例中，逻辑电路和接口电路还可以相互耦合。对于逻辑电路和接口电路的具体连接方式，本申请实施例不作限定。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该逻辑电路1201和接口电路1202可用于执行上述网络功 能或控制面功能执行的功能或操作等。接口电路1202可以用于接收来自通信装置1200之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至逻辑电路1201或将来自逻辑电路1201的信号发送给通信装置1200之外的其它通信装置。逻辑电路1201可以通过执行代码指令用于实现上述任一方法实施例。
示例性地，接口电路1202用于向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。通信装置执行的功能或操作可以参照前述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本申请可以用硬件实现，或固件实现，或它们的组合方式来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将上述功能存储在计算机可读介质中或作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
总之，以上仅为本申请技术方案的实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (80)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    会话管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；
    所述会话管理网元接收请求消息，所述请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的第二连接；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述请求消息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述会话管理网元向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网关信息为非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息，所述非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息用于确定接入网关。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述请求消息包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述请求消息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接包括：
    所述会话管理网元根据所述第一指示信息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述请求消息包括所述第二连接的接入类型；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述请求消息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接包括：
    所述会话管理网元根据所述第一连接的接入类型和所述第二连接的接入类型确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一连接的接入类型或所述第二连接的接入类型为非3GPP无线接入类型。
  6. 如权利要求2或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述非3GPP无线接入类型包括非可信非3GPP接入类型、可信非3GPP接入类型、非可信无线局域网WLAN接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型。
  7. 如权利要求4-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元向策略控制网元发送所述第二连接的接入类型，所述第二连接的接入类型用于确定分流策略。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理信息为用于建立所述第二连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为所述第二非3GPP接入网关的信息；和/或，
    所述会话管理信息为用于释放所述第一连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
  9. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元向用户面网元发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  10. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元接收所述用户面网元发送的第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示释放所述第一连接；
    所述会话管理信息为用于释放所述第一连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关的信息为所述第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接入管理网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；
    所述接入管理网元接收第一请求消息，所述第一请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的第二连接；
    所述接入管理网元确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述接入管理网元向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息，所述第二请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的所述第二连接；
    所述接入管理网元接收会话管理信息和所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息；
    所述接入管理网元向所述接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送所述会话管理信息。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网关信息为非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息，所述非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息用于确定接入网元。
  14. 如权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入管理网元确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接包括：
    所述接入管理网元确定所述第二非3GPP接入网关支持切片。
  15. 如权利要求12-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入管理网元向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入管理网元确定所述第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包含所述第二连接的切片。
  16. 如权利要求12-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二请求消息包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；和/或
    所述第二请求消息包括所述第二连接的接入类型。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二连接的接入类型为非3GPP无线接入类型。
  18. 如权利要求13或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述非3GPP无线接入类型包括非可信非3GPP接入类型、可信非3GPP接入类型、非可信无线局域网WLAN接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型。
  19. 如权利要求12-18任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理信息为用于建立所述第二连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为所述第二非3GPP接入网关的信息；和/或，
    所述会话管理信息为用于释放所述第一连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为所述第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入管理网元存储所述第一连接或所述第一非3GPP接入网关的第一标识信息或第一非3GPP接入网关的类型；
    所述接入管理网元存储所述第二连接或所述第二非3GPP接入网关的第二标识信息或第二非3GPP接入网关的类型。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入管理网元根据所述第一标识信息和所述第二标识信息，确定所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关；
    所述接入管理网元向所述接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送所述会话管理信息包括：所述接入管理网元向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放所述第一连接的信息，和/或，向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立所述第二连接的信息。
  22. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入管理网元根据所述第一标识信息和所述第二标识信息，确定所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型；所述接入管理网元向所述接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送所述会话管理信息包括：
    所述接入管理网元根据所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放所述第一连接的信息，和/或，向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立所述第二连接的信息。
  23. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入管理网元根据所述非3GPP接入网关的类型，确定所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型；
    所述接入管理网元向所述接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送所述会话管理信息包括：
    所述接入管理网元根据所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放所述第一连接的信息，和/或，向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立所述第二连接的信息。
  24. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    用户设备通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的第一连接；
    所述用户设备确定需要从所述第一连接切换到第二连接；
    所述用户设备根据策略信息选择所述第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关；
    所述用户设备通过所述第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的所述第二连接。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户设备根据策略信息选择所述第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关包括：
    所述用户设备根据所述第一连接对应的切片，选择所述第二非3GPP接入网关，所述第二连接对应的切片包括所述第一连接对应的切片；和/或，
    所述用户设备根据所述第二连接对应的切片的优先级选择所述第二非3GPP接入网关。
  26. 如权利要求24或25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户设备通过所述第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的所述第二连接包括：
    所述用户设备向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送请求消息，所述请求消息用于请求通过所述第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的所述第二连接。
  27. 如权利要求24-26任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户设备接收所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送的用于释放所述第一连接的信息；
    所述用户设备释放所述第一连接。
  28. 如权利要求24-27任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户设备利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述第一连接的数据传输完成时，所述用户设备向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送连接释放请求消息。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述连接释放请求消息包括指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
  31. 如权利要求28-30任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户设备接收为所述第一连接分配的第一地址信息；
    所述用户设备接收为所述第二连接分配的第二地址信息。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户设备利用所述第二连接进行数据传输包括：
    所述用户设备根据所述第二地址信息封装数据包，利用所述第二连接发送所述数据包。
  33. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    用户面网元通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；
    所述用户面网元接收第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到第二连接；
    所述用户面网元根据所述第三指示信息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述用户面网元利用所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  34. 如权利要求33所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面网元接收第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输；
    所述用户面网元利用所述第二连接进行数据传输包括：
    所述用户面网元利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  35. 如权利要求33或34所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面网元接收结束数据包；
    所述用户面网元基于所述结束数据包，发送第四指示信息给会话管理网元。
  36. 如权利要求33-35任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述用户面网元根据会话支持的分流功能，为所述第二连接分配不同于所述第一连接的地址信息；
    所述用户面网元向会话管理网元发送为所述第二连接分配的地址信息。
  37. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一非3GPP接入网关接收连接释放请求消息；
    所述第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
  38. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理单元和收发单元；
    所述收发单元，用于通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；接收请求消息，所述请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的第二连接；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述请求消息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述收发单元，还用于向接入管理网元发送会话管理信息和所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息。
  39. 如权利要求38所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接入网关信息为非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息，所述非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息用于确定接入网关。
  40. 如权利要求38或39所述的装置，其特征在于，所述请求消息包括第一指示信息， 所述第一指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述第一指示信息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接。
  41. 如权利要求38-40任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述请求消息包括所述第二连接的接入类型；
    所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述第一连接的接入类型和所述第二连接的接入类型确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接。
  42. 如权利要求41所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一连接的接入类型或所述第二连接的接入类型为非3GPP无线接入类型。
  43. 如权利要求39或42所述的装置，其特征在于，所述非3GPP无线接入类型包括非可信非3GPP接入类型、可信非3GPP接入类型、非可信无线局域网WLAN接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型。
  44. 如权利要求41-43任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于向策略控制网元发送所述第二连接的接入类型，所述第二连接的接入类型用于确定分流策略。
  45. 如权利要求38-44任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述会话管理信息为用于建立所述第二连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为所述第二非3GPP接入网关的信息；和/或，
    所述会话管理信息为用于释放所述第一连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
  46. 如权利要求38-44任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于向用户面网元发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  47. 如权利要求38-44任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于向用户面网元发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接。
  48. 如权利要求46或47所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于接收所述用户面网元发送的第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示释放所述第一连接；
    所述会话管理信息为用于释放所述第一连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关的信息为所述第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
  49. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理单元和收发单元；
    所述收发单元，用于通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；接收第一请求消息，所述第一请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的第二连接；
    所述处理单元，用于确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述收发单元，还用于向会话管理网元发送第二请求消息，所述第二请求消息用于请求通过第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的所述第二连接；接收会话管理信息和所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息；以及向所述接入网关信息对应的接入网关发送所述会话管理信息。
  50. 如权利要求49所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接入网关信息为非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息，所述非3GPP无线接入类型的指示信息用于确定接入网元。
  51. 如权利要求49或50所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于确定所述第二非3GPP接入网关支持切片。
  52. 如权利要求49-51任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于确定所述第二非3GPP接入网关支持的切片包含所述第二连接的切片。
  53. 如权利要求49-52任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二请求消息包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；和/或
    所述第二请求消息包括所述第二连接的接入类型。
  54. 如权利要求53所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二连接的接入类型为非3GPP无线接入类型。
  55. 如权利要求50或54所述的装置，其特征在于，所述非3GPP无线接入类型包括非可信非3GPP接入类型、可信非3GPP接入类型、非可信无线局域网WLAN接入类型或可信WLAN接入类型。
  56. 如权利要求49-55任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述会话管理信息为用于建立所述第二连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为所述第二非3GPP接入网关的信息；和/或，
    所述会话管理信息为用于释放所述第一连接的信息，所述会话管理信息对应的接入网关信息为所述第一非3GPP接入网关的信息。
  57. 如权利要求56所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于存储所述第一连接或所述第一非3GPP接入网关的第一标识信息或第一非3GPP接入网关的类型；存储所述第二连接或所述第二非3GPP接入网关的第二标识信息或第二非3GPP接入网关的类型。
  58. 如权利要求57所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述第一标识信息和所述第二标识信息，确定所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关；
    所述收发单元，具体用于向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放所述第一连接的信息，和/或，向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立所述第二连接的信息。
  59. 如权利要求57所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于根据所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放所述第一连接的信息，和/或，向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立所述第二连接的信息。
  60. 如权利要求57所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于根据所述非3GPP接入网关的类型，确定所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型；
    所述收发单元，具体用于根据所述第一非3GPP接入网关和所述第二非3GPP接入网关的非3GPP无线接入类型，向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送用于释放所述第一连接的信息，和/或，向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送用于建立所述第二连接的信息。
  61. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理单元和收发单元；
    所述收发单元，用于通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的第一连接；
    所述处理单元，用于确定需要从所述第一连接切换到第二连接；根据策略信息选择所述第二连接对应的第二非3GPP接入网关；
    所述收发单元，还用于通过所述第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的所述第二 连接。
  62. 如权利要求61所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述第一连接对应的切片，选择所述第二非3GPP接入网关，所述第二连接对应的切片包括所述第一连接对应的切片；和/或，根据所述第二连接对应的切片的优先级选择所述第二非3GPP接入网关。
  63. 如权利要求61或62所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，具体用于向所述第二非3GPP接入网关发送请求消息，所述请求消息用于请求通过所述第二非3GPP接入网关建立所述用户设备的所述第二连接。
  64. 如权利要求61-63任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于接收所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送的用于释放所述第一连接的信息；
    所述处理单元，还用于释放所述第一连接。
  65. 如权利要求61-64任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  66. 如权利要求65所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于当所述第一连接的数据传输完成时，向所述第一非3GPP接入网关发送连接释放请求消息。
  67. 如权利要求66所述的装置，其特征在于，所述连接释放请求消息包括指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第一非3GPP接入网关向用户面网元发送结束数据包。
  68. 如权利要求65-67任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于接收为所述第一连接分配的第一地址信息；接收为所述第二连接分配的第二地址信息。
  69. 如权利要求68所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于根据所述第二地址信息封装数据包，利用所述第二连接发送所述数据包。
  70. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理单元和收发单元；
    所述收发单元，用于通过第一非3GPP接入网关建立用户设备的第一连接；接收第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示从所述第一连接切换到第二连接；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述第三指示信息确定从所述第一连接切换到所述第二连接；
    所述收发单元，还用于利用所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  71. 如权利要求70所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于接收第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户面网元利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输；利用所述第一连接和所述第二连接进行数据传输。
  72. 如权利要求70或71所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于接收结束数据包；基于所述结束数据包，发送第四指示信息给会话管理网元。
  73. 如权利要求70-72任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，还用于根据会话支持的分流功能，为所述第二连接分配不同于所述第一连接的地址信息；
    所述收发单元，还用于向会话管理网元发送为所述第二连接分配的地址信息。
  74. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理单元和收发单元；
    所述收发单元，用于接收连接释放请求消息；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述连接释放请求消息，生成结束数据包；
    所述收发单元，还用于向用户面网元发送所述结束数据包。
  75. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器与所述存储器耦合；
    所述存储器存储有计算机程序或指令；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的计算机程序或指令，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1-37中任一项所述的方法。
  76. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括逻辑电路和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述逻辑电路或将来自所述逻辑电路的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述逻辑电路通过执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1-37中任一项所述的方法。
  77. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1-37中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  78. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1-37中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  79. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括用于执行上述权利要求1-11任一项所述方法的会话管理网元以及用于执行上述权利要求12-23任一项所述方法的接入管理网元。
  80. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，所述芯片系统包括：
    处理器和存储器，所述处理器与所述存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，实现如权利要求1-37任一项所述的方法。
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