WO2023141886A1 - 车辆总装生产线和车辆总装的方法 - Google Patents

车辆总装生产线和车辆总装的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023141886A1
WO2023141886A1 PCT/CN2022/074350 CN2022074350W WO2023141886A1 WO 2023141886 A1 WO2023141886 A1 WO 2023141886A1 CN 2022074350 W CN2022074350 W CN 2022074350W WO 2023141886 A1 WO2023141886 A1 WO 2023141886A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
assembly
agv
electric chassis
assembled
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/074350
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王浩
李永杰
吴凯
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/074350 priority Critical patent/WO2023141886A1/zh
Priority to EP22922732.7A priority patent/EP4400395A1/en
Priority to CN202280006549.4A priority patent/CN116829443A/zh
Publication of WO2023141886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023141886A1/zh
Priority to US18/666,356 priority patent/US20240300597A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/18—Transportation, conveyor or haulage systems specially adapted for motor vehicle or trailer assembly lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/022—Transferring or handling sub-units or components, e.g. in work stations or between workstations and transportation systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/04—Joining preassembled modular units composed of sub-units performing diverse functions, e.g. engine and bonnet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/14—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components the sub-units or components being passenger compartment fittings, e.g. seats, linings, trim, instrument panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/16—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components the sub-units or components being exterior fittings, e.g. bumpers, lights, wipers, exhausts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/024—Positioning of sub-units or components with respect to body shell or other sub-units or components

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a vehicle assembly production line and a vehicle assembly method.
  • the traditional passenger car assembly line is usually divided into interior line, chassis line and exterior line.
  • interior line chassis line
  • exterior line The traditional passenger car assembly line is usually divided into interior line, chassis line and exterior line.
  • OEMs for interior and exterior lines use skateboards or plate chains for transportation, which basically have a special civil construction foundation, which is inconvenient for renovation or expansion, and the shutdown period is long and the investment is also large.
  • the chassis line involves the lower operating surface of the vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary, for example, to create the lower vehicle body operating surface and form an assembly line.
  • the form of the holding line is fixed, the initial investment is large, and the later transformation and maintenance are very difficult.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle assembly production line and a vehicle assembly method, which can greatly improve the efficiency of vehicle assembly.
  • a vehicle assembly line the vehicle includes an electric chassis and a body to be assembled, and the body is used to connect with the electric chassis;
  • the vehicle assembly line includes: an automatic guided transport vehicle AGV, It is used to transport the electric chassis to the assembly station; the vehicle body positioning device is used to place the vehicle body on the electric chassis, so as to connect the vehicle body and the electric chassis at the assembly station.
  • chassis the AGV is also used to: transport the connected body and the electric chassis to multiple assembly stations in sequence, so as to complete the assembly of the vehicle at the multiple assembly stations; the off-line device uses At the off-line station, the assembled vehicle is separated from the AGV, so that the assembled vehicle is off-line.
  • the vehicle assembly production line in the embodiment of the present application first connects the electric chassis and the vehicle body through the AGV transportation, cancels the bottom working surface in the traditional assembly process, and avoids the use of the holding line to create the bottom working surface; after that, through The AGV transports the electric chassis and body to complete other assembly operations, forming a through-type machine transportation line, canceling the large board line for the interior, and greatly improving the assembly efficiency.
  • a production line can be formed through multiple AGVs to assemble vehicles in batches without a large amount of civil construction investment, which simplifies the mechanical transportation form and transfer form of final assembly, reduces the investment and cycle of mechanical transportation construction, and can be reasonable according to the required output Equipped with the right amount of AGV.
  • the layout of each assembly station of the vehicle assembly line can be continuously debugged and optimized according to the process requirements. Re-merging, high degree of flexibility, compatible with various vehicle platforms. Specifically, when the vehicle assembly line needs to be modified or expanded, the walking path of the AGV can be adjusted, for example, the navigation magnetic guide bar or positioning code of the AGV can be adjusted to change the walking path, or the number of AGVs can be increased and the corresponding adjustment can be made. Procedures, modification work are greatly simplified, and there is no or little increase in downtime.
  • the electric chassis includes a lower body frame, a suspension system, a steering system, a braking system, a chassis electrical control system and an energy storage system; the suspension system, the steering system, the braking system, the chassis electrical control system and the energy storage system are all installed on the lower body frame.
  • the electric chassis integrates the driving control system and the energy storage system, the electric chassis can be connected with the body first, and the bottom working surface in the traditional assembly process is canceled, which also avoids the use of the holding wire to create bottom work.
  • there is no need for a large amount of civil construction investment which simplifies the mechanical transportation form and transfer form of the final assembly, and reduces the investment and cycle of mechanical transportation construction.
  • the electric chassis further includes: a cooling heat pump system, and the cooling heat pump system is installed on the lower vehicle body frame.
  • the AGV has a lifting function, so that the connected body and the electric chassis transported by the AGV meet the assembly height requirements of the multiple assembly stations.
  • the AGV is also used to transport the electric chassis of the next vehicle to be assembled to the assembly station after the off-line station is separated from the vehicle that has been assembled.
  • the plurality of assembly stations include: a plurality of interior assembly stations for performing interior assembly work of the vehicle; a plurality of exterior work stations for performing exterior work of the vehicle .
  • the interior assembly work of the vehicle is completed through a plurality of interior assembly stations and a plurality of exterior assembly stations.
  • the vehicle assembly line further includes: a pre-assembly device, used to transport the body to be assembled from the body buffer area to the front compartment pre-assembly station before the assembly station , to complete the front cabin pre-assembly work of the vehicle body to be assembled at the front cabin pre-assembly station.
  • a pre-assembly device used to transport the body to be assembled from the body buffer area to the front compartment pre-assembly station before the assembly station , to complete the front cabin pre-assembly work of the vehicle body to be assembled at the front cabin pre-assembly station.
  • a method for vehicle assembly including: transporting the electric chassis of the vehicle to the assembly station through an automatic guided transport vehicle AGV; placing the body of the vehicle to be assembled on the The electric chassis is used to connect the vehicle body and the electric chassis at the assembly station; the connected vehicle body and the electric chassis are transported to a plurality of assembly stations sequentially through the AGV, so that they can be assembled at the A plurality of assembly stations complete the assembly of the vehicle; at the off-line station, the assembled vehicle is separated from the AGV, so that the assembled vehicle is off-line.
  • the electric chassis includes a lower body frame, a suspension system, a steering system, a braking system, a chassis electrical control system and an energy storage system; the suspension system, the steering system, the braking system, the chassis electrical control system and the energy storage system are all installed on the lower body frame.
  • the electric chassis further includes: a cooling heat pump system, and the cooling heat pump system is installed on the lower vehicle body frame.
  • the AGV has a lifting function, so that the connected body and the electric chassis transported by the AGV meet the assembly height requirements of the multiple assembly stations.
  • the method further includes: after the AGV is separated from the assembled vehicle, transporting the electric chassis of the next vehicle to be assembled to the assembly station through the AGV.
  • the plurality of assembly stations include: a plurality of interior assembly stations for performing interior assembly work of the vehicle; a plurality of exterior work stations for performing exterior work of the vehicle .
  • the method further includes: transporting the vehicle body to be assembled from the vehicle body buffer area to a front compartment pre-assembly station before the assembly station, and pre-assembling the vehicle body in the front compartment
  • the distribution station completes the pre-assembly work of the front cabin of the vehicle body to be assembled.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle assembly production line disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electric chassis of a vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an AGV transport electric chassis disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle body disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a connected vehicle body and electric chassis disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a vehicle assembly method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle assembly production line
  • the vehicle includes an electric chassis and a body to be assembled
  • the electric chassis is transported by an automatic guided vehicle (Automatic Guided Vehicle, AGV)
  • AGV Automatic Guided Vehicle
  • the body and the electric chassis are first connection to eliminate the need for lowering the body during subsequent assembly.
  • the AGV carrying the electric chassis and body passes through multiple assembly stations in sequence, and is transported by the AGV to complete the assembly of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle assembly line only needs AGV transportation to complete each assembly operation.
  • a production line can be formed through multiple AGVs to assemble vehicles in batches.
  • the traditional interior large panel line and chassis assembly line are cancelled, which is very convenient. Greatly improved assembly efficiency.
  • the walking path of the AGV can be adjusted, for example, the navigation magnetic guide bar or positioning code of the AGV can be adjusted to change the walking path, or the number of AGVs can be increased and the corresponding program can be adjusted. It can be realized, the modification work is greatly simplified, and there is no or little increase in downtime.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle assembly line 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle assembly line 1 can be used to assemble a vehicle 2
  • the vehicle 2 includes an electric chassis 22 and a body 21 to be assembled
  • the body 21 is used to connect with the electric chassis 22 .
  • the vehicle assembly production line 1 includes: an AGV 11 for transporting the electric chassis 22 to the assembly station 101; a vehicle body setting device 12 for placing the vehicle body 21 on the electric chassis 22 for The assembling station 101 connects the vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22; the AGV 11 is also used for: transporting the connected vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 to a plurality of assembly stations 102 in sequence, so that The assembly station 102 completes the assembly of the vehicle 2; the offline device 13 is used to separate the assembled vehicle 2 from the AGV 11 at the offline station 103, so that the assembled vehicle 2 is offline.
  • the vehicle 2 in the embodiment of the present application may be a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
  • the electric chassis 22 of the vehicle 2 includes an energy storage system, for example, the energy storage system may include a battery for powering the vehicle 2 .
  • the vehicle assembly production line 1 of the embodiment of the present application first transports the electric chassis 22 to the vehicle body 21 through the AGV 11, and cancels the bottom working surface in the traditional assembly process, thus avoiding the creation of the bottom working surface by using the holding line
  • other assembly operations can be completed by transporting the electric chassis 22 and the body 21 through the AGV 11, forming a through-type machine transport line, canceling the large board line for the interior, and greatly improving the assembly efficiency.
  • the AGV 11 is separated from the vehicle 2, and the AGV 11 can continue to be used in the assembly process of the next vehicle 2.
  • a production line can be formed by a plurality of AGVs 11. Batch assembly of vehicles 2 does not require a large amount of civil construction investment, simplifies the mechanical transportation form and transfer form of final assembly, reduces the investment and cycle of mechanical transportation construction, and can be reasonably equipped with an appropriate amount of AGV 11 according to the required output.
  • the layout of each assembly station of the vehicle assembly line 1 can be continuously debugged and optimized according to the process requirements. It can be installed and re-merged, with a high degree of flexibility, and can be compatible with various vehicle platforms. Specifically, when the vehicle assembly line 1 needs to be modified or expanded, the walking path of the AGV 11 can be adjusted, for example, the navigation magnetic guide bar or positioning code of the AGV 11 can be adjusted to change the walking path, or the AGV 11 can be added Quantities and adjustments to the corresponding procedures, the retrofitting work is greatly simplified with little or no increase in downtime.
  • the electric chassis 22 in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated structure of the vehicle chassis and the energy storage system.
  • the electric chassis 22 may refer to the lower body of the vehicle 2 to integrate the driving control system and the energy storage system.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an electric chassis 22 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. System 224 chassis electrical control system 225 and energy storage system 226.
  • suspension system 222, steering system 223, brake system 224, chassis electrical control system 225 and energy storage system 226 are all installed on the lower vehicle body vehicle frame 221.
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible position of the suspension system 222, the steering system 223, the braking system 224, the chassis electric control system 225 and the energy storage system 226 on the lower vehicle body frame 221, but the embodiment of the present application It is not limited to this.
  • the suspension system 222 of the embodiment of the present application can refer to the general term of all force transmission connection devices between the lower body frame 221 of the vehicle 2 and the axle or wheels, and its function is to transmit the force between the wheels and the vehicle frame. The force and moment between them, buffer the impact force transmitted from the uneven road to the frame or the body 21, and attenuate the vibration caused by it, so as to ensure the smooth running of the vehicle 2.
  • the steering system 223 of the vehicle 2 may be used to change or maintain the driving or reverse direction of the vehicle 2 .
  • the braking system 224 of the vehicle 2 can be used to forcibly reduce the driving speed of the vehicle 2. 2 stay still.
  • the chassis electric control system 225 of the vehicle 2 may include an electronic electric control module, and may also include a wiring harness and a pipeline system for controlling the electric chassis 22 .
  • Energy storage system 226 of vehicle 2 may be used to power vehicle 2 .
  • the battery of the energy storage system can be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 2 for the circuit system of the vehicle 2 , for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle 2 during operation.
  • the battery of the energy storage system can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 2, but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 2, replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 2, The embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the electric chassis 22 may further include: a cooling heat pump system 227 .
  • the cooling heat pump system 227 can be installed on the lower vehicle body frame 221 , for example, at the position shown in FIG. 2 , or at other positions.
  • the cooling heat pump system 227 can be used to provide heat for components that may generate heat when the vehicle 2 is running, it can also be used to cool the components of the vehicle 2, and it can also be used to provide heat or cool the interior space of the vehicle 2, for example, the
  • the cooling heat pump system 227 may include the air conditioner of the vehicle 2, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the electric chassis 22 can be placed on the AGV 11 at the fixed station 104. , so that the AGV 11 can transport the electric chassis 22 to the assembly station 101.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic diagram of the AGV 11 transporting the electric chassis 22 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electric chassis 22 can be placed on the AGV manually or mechanically. 11, so that the AGV 11 can transport the electric chassis 22 and move along the various stations of the vehicle assembly line 1.
  • the AGV 11 can have a position-limiting structure, so that the electric chassis 22 is relatively fixed to the AGV 11, so that the electric chassis 22 remains stable when passing through each subsequent installation station, thereby improving assembly efficiency.
  • the vehicle body positioning device 12 of the vehicle assembly line 1 places the vehicle body 21 on the electric chassis 22 so as to connect the vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 at the assembling station 101 .
  • the body 22 may be called the body 22 to be assembled.
  • the to-be-assembled vehicle body 22 may refer to the to-be-assembled vehicle body 22 directly transported from the vehicle body buffer area, or the to-be-assembled vehicle body 22 may also be a to-be-assembled vehicle body 22 that has been pre-assembled.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle body 22 to be assembled according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle assembly line 1 further includes: a pre-assembly device 14 for transporting the vehicle body 21 to be assembled from the vehicle body buffer area to the front cabin before the assembly station 101
  • the pre-assembly station 105 is used to complete the pre-assembly work of the front cabin of the vehicle body 21 to be assembled at the front cabin pre-assembly station 105.
  • the front cabin pre-assembly station 105 can be used to perform the front cabin pre-assembly work, for example, the front cabin pre-assembly work can include the assembly work of the air-conditioning system and the front cabin wiring harness, etc., the embodiment of the present application It is not limited to this.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the vehicle body 21 connected to the electric chassis 22 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle body 21 is connected to the electric chassis 22 at the assembly station 101 .
  • the electric chassis 22 of the embodiment of the present application is in a basically completed state, and the assembly station 101 of the vehicle assembly line 1 mainly performs processes such as mechanical, electrical, and liquid pipeline connection between the vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 .
  • the connected vehicle body 21 and electric chassis 22 can be transported by the AGV 11 through a plurality of assembly stations 102 to complete the assembly of the vehicle 2. It should be understood that FIG. 1 simplifies a plurality of assembly stations 102 and does not show all assembly stations 102 .
  • the plurality of assembly stations 102 in the embodiment of the present application may include: a plurality of interior decoration assembly stations 1021 and a plurality of exterior decoration stations 1022 .
  • a plurality of interior decoration assembly stations 1021 are used to perform interior decoration assembly work of the vehicle 2 .
  • the interior assembly work may include some or all of the following components: main wiring harness and front cabin wiring harness, brake anti-lock braking system (antilock brake system, ABS) module and brake pipeline, front cabin air conditioning tube , electronic control modules, sunroofs, dashboards, roofs, carpets, center consoles, front and rear windshields and exterior trim.
  • the exterior work may include the assembly of some or all of the following components: front-end modules, headlights, seats, front and rear bumpers, tires, oil filling, and Electrical Check Out System (ECOS).
  • front-end modules the assembly of some or all of the following components: front-end modules, headlights, seats, front and rear bumpers, tires, oil filling, and Electrical Check Out System (ECOS).
  • ECOS Electrical Check Out System
  • the vehicle assembly line 1 in the embodiment of the present application may further include at least one turning path 1023 .
  • the vehicle assembly line 1 may include a plurality of assembly stations 102
  • the vehicle assembly line 1 may also include at least one turning path 1023 to improve site utilization.
  • the vehicle assembly line 1 may include a turning path 1023, and the two ends of the turning path 1023 are respectively used to connect a plurality of interior decoration assembly stations 1021 and a plurality of exterior decoration stations 1022, so that the interior decoration assembly stations 1021 can be divided.
  • the exterior installation station 1022 can also make reasonable use of the site and space.
  • the AGV 11 has a lifting function, so that the connected vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 transported by the AGV 11 meet the requirements of multiple assembly stations 102 for assembly height.
  • the AGV 11 with lifting function can be used to make the connected
  • the vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 meet the assembly height requirements of multiple assembly stations 102 and meet ergonomic requirements without investing a lot of civil construction, which reduces the cost of the vehicle assembly line 1 .
  • the off-line device 13 separates the assembled vehicle 2 from the AGV 11 at the off-line station 103, so that the assembled vehicle 2 is off-line.
  • the AGV 11 is also used to: transport the electric chassis 22 of the next vehicle 2 to be assembled to the assembly Station 101.
  • the assembled vehicle 2 is separated from the AGV 11, and the vehicle 2 can leave the vehicle assembly line 1 for further processing.
  • the AGV 11 after being separated from the vehicle 2 is in an empty state again, and the empty AGV 11 can travel to the fixed station 104 along the path 1024, so that the electric chassis 22 of the next vehicle 2 to be assembled is placed on the AGV 11 , the AGV 11 then transports the electric chassis 22 of the next vehicle 2 to be assembled to the assembly station 101 to start the final assembly process of the next vehicle 2, and so on to form the final assembly line of the vehicle 2.
  • the vehicle assembly production line 1 of the embodiment of the present application is described above, and the vehicle assembly method 300 of the embodiment of the present application will be described below, and the parts not described in detail can be referred to the foregoing embodiments.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for vehicle assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 300 includes: S310, transporting the electric chassis 22 of the vehicle 2 to the assembly station 101 through the AGV 11; S320, placing the body 21 of the vehicle 2 to be assembled on the electric chassis 22, to connect the vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 at the assembly station 101; S330, transport the connected vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 to a plurality of assembly stations 102 sequentially through the AGV 11, so that The plurality of assembly stations 102 complete the assembly of the vehicle 2; S340, at the off-line station 103, separate the assembled vehicle 2 from the AGV 11, so that the assembled vehicle 2 is offline.
  • the electric chassis 22 includes a lower body frame 221, a suspension system 222, a steering system 223, a braking system 224, a chassis electrical control system 225, and an energy storage system 226; the suspension system 222, the steering system 223 , brake system 224, chassis electrical control system 225 and energy storage system 226 are all installed on the lower vehicle body frame 221.
  • the electric chassis 22 further includes: a cooling heat pump system 227 installed on the lower vehicle body frame 221 .
  • the AGV 11 has a lifting function, so that the connected vehicle body 21 and the electric chassis 22 transported by the AGV 11 meet the requirements of multiple assembly stations 102 for assembly height.
  • the method 300 further includes: after the AGV 11 is separated from the assembled vehicle 2, transporting the electric chassis 22 of the next vehicle 2 to be assembled to the assembly station 101 through the AGV 11.
  • the plurality of assembly stations 102 includes: a plurality of interior assembly stations 1021 for performing interior assembly work of the vehicle 2 ; and a plurality of exterior decoration stations 1022 for performing exterior decoration work of the vehicle 2 .
  • the method 300 also includes: transporting the vehicle body 21 to be assembled from the vehicle body buffer area to the front compartment pre-assembly station 105 before the assembly station 101, and placing the vehicle body at the front compartment pre-assembly station 105 Complete the pre-assembly work of the front cabin of the vehicle body 21 to be assembled.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆总装生产线（1）和车辆总装的方法。车辆（2）包括电动底盘（22）和待装配的车身（21），车身（21）用于与电动底盘（22）连接；车辆总装生产线（1）包括：自动导引运输车AGV（11），用于将电动底盘（22）运输至合装工位（101）；车身落位装置（12），用于将车身（21）落位至电动底盘（22），以在合装工位（101），连接所述车身（21）与电动底盘（22）； AGV（11）还用于：将连接后的车身（21）与电动底盘（22）依次运输至多个装配工位（102），以在多个装配工位（102）完成车辆（2）的装配；下线装置（13），用于在下线工位（103），将完成装配的所述车辆（2）与AGV（11）分离，以使完成装配的所述车辆（2）下线。车辆总装生产线（1）和车辆总装的方法，能够极大地提高车辆总装的效率。

Description

车辆总装生产线和车辆总装的方法 技术领域
本申请涉及汽车技术领域，特别是涉及一种车辆总装生产线和车辆总装的方法。
背景技术
传统的乘用车总装生产线通常分为内饰线、底盘线及外装线。其中，内饰线及外装线绝大多数主机厂采用滑板或者板链输送，基本上都有土建特构基础，改造或者扩能不方便，停产周期较长，投资也大。而底盘线涉及车辆的下部操作面，因此需要例如抱具机运线，以创造下车体操作面并形成装配流水线，但抱具线部分形式固定，前期投资大，后期改造及维护十分困难。
因此，传统总装车间很难适应现有市场快速响应需求。伴随着车型快速更新的趋势和轻资产的造车趋势，更加急需一种柔性化、简单化、易改造且低成本的产线。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种车辆总装生产线和车辆总装的方法，能够极大地提高车辆总装的效率。
第一方面，提供了一种车辆总装生产线，所述车辆包括电动底盘和待装配的车身，所述车身用于与所述电动底盘连接；所述车辆总装生产线包括：自动导引运输车AGV，用于将所述电动底盘运输至合装工位；车身落位装置，用于将所述车身落位至所述电动底盘，以在所述合装工位， 连接所述车身与所述电动底盘；所述AGV还用于：将连接后的所述车身与所述电动底盘依次运输至多个装配工位，以在所述多个装配工位完成所述车辆的装配；下线装置，用于在下线工位，将完成装配的所述车辆与所述AGV分离，以使完成装配的所述车辆下线。
因此，本申请实施例的车辆总装生产线，首先通过AGV运输电动底盘与车身连接，取消了传统总装过程中的底部作业面，也就避免了使用抱具线的方式创造底部作业面；之后，通过AGV运输电动底盘和车身的方式即可完成其他装配操作，形成了贯通式机运线，取消了内饰的大板线，极大地提高了装配效率。通过多个AGV即可形成生产流水线，以批量装配车辆，无需大量土建施工投入，简化了总装的机运形式和转接形式，降低了机运建设的投资和周期，并且可以根据所需产量合理配备适量的AGV。
在使用该车辆总装生产线的过程中，可根据工艺需求不断调试及优化该车辆总装生产线的各个装配工位的布置，例如，可根据不同车型的需求，拆分高配安装工艺进行线外分装并重新并线，柔性化程度高，可兼容多种车型平台。具体地，在需要对该车辆总装生产线进行改造或扩能时，可以对AGV的行走路径进行调整，例如，调整AGV的导航磁导条或定位码以改变行走路径，或者增加AGV数量和调整相应程序，改造工作大大简化，并且无需或极少增加停产时间。
在一些实施例中，所述电动底盘包括下车体车架、悬架系统、转向系统、制动系统、底盘电器控制系统和储能系统；所述悬架系统、转向系统、所述制动系统、所述底盘电器控制系统和所述储能系统均安装于所述下车体车架上。
由于电动底盘将行驶控制系统与储能系统进行集成，以使得该电动底盘可以与车身优先完成连接，取消了传统总装过程中的底部作业面，也就避免了使用抱具线的方式创造底部作业面，无需大量土建施工投入，简 化了总装的机运形式和转接形式，降低了机运建设的投资和周期。
在一些实施例中，所述电动底盘还包括：冷却热泵系统，所述冷却热泵系统安装于所述下车体车架上。
在一些实施例中，所述AGV具有升降功能，以使所述AGV运输的连接后的所述车身与所述电动底盘满足所述多个装配工位对装配高度的要求。
考虑到多个装配工位涉及该车辆的各个部件的装配工作，不同装配工作对待装配的车辆具有不同的高度要求，因此，可以通过使用具有升降功能的AGV，以使连接后的车身与电动底盘满足多个装配工位对装配高度的要求，满足人机工程要求，而无需投入大量土建施工，降低了该车辆总装生产线的成本。
在一些实施例中，所述AGV还用于：在所述下线工位处与完成装配的所述车辆分离后，运输下一个待装配车辆的电动底盘至所述合装工位，以进行下一个待装配车辆的总装过程，并以此类推，形成车辆的总装流水线。
在一些实施例中，所述多个装配工位包括：多个内饰装配工位，用于执行所述车辆的内饰装配工作；多个外装工位，用于执行所述车辆的外装工作。通过多个内饰装配工位和多个外装工位，完成该车辆的内饰装配工作。
在一些实施例中，所述车辆总装生产线还包括：预装配装置，用于将所述待装配的车身自车身缓存区运输至在所述合装工位之前的前舱预装配工位，以在所述前舱预装配工位完成所述待装配的车身的前舱预装配工作。
第二方面，提供了一种车辆总装的方法，包括：将所述车辆的电动底盘通过自动导引运输车AGV运输至合装工位；将所述车辆的待装配的 车身落位至所述电动底盘，以在所述合装工位，连接所述车身与所述电动底盘；将连接后的所述车身与所述电动底盘通过所述AGV依次运输至多个装配工位，以在所述多个装配工位完成所述车辆的装配；在下线工位，将完成装配的所述车辆与所述AGV分离，以使完成装配的所述车辆下线。
在一些实施例中，所述电动底盘包括下车体车架、悬架系统、转向系统、制动系统、底盘电器控制系统和储能系统；所述悬架系统、转向系统、所述制动系统、所述底盘电器控制系统和所述储能系统均安装于所述下车体车架上。
在一些实施例中，所述电动底盘还包括：冷却热泵系统，所述冷却热泵系统安装于所述下车体车架上。
在一些实施例中，所述AGV具有升降功能，以使所述AGV运输的连接后的所述车身与所述电动底盘满足所述多个装配工位对装配高度的要求。
在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：在所述AGV与完成装配的所述车辆分离之后，将下一个待装配车辆的电动底盘通过所述AGV运输至所述合装工位。
在一些实施例中，所述多个装配工位包括：多个内饰装配工位，用于执行所述车辆的内饰装配工作；多个外装工位，用于执行所述车辆的外装工作。
在一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：将所述待装配的车身自车身缓存区运输至在所述合装工位之前的前舱预装配工位，并在所述前舱预装配工位完成所述待装配的车身的前舱预装配工作。
附图说明
图1是本申请一实施例公开的一种车辆总装生产线的示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的一种车辆的电动底盘的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的一种AGV运输电动底盘的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例公开的一种车身的结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例公开的一种连接后的车身和电动底盘的结构示意图；
图6是本申请一实施例公开的一种车辆总装的方法的示意性流程图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接 相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
在传统的车辆总装方案中，需要下车身的操作面，也就需要借由各类形式的机运线及其之间的相互转接，创造下车体操作面，并形成装配流水线。同时，传统总装生产线多采用内饰滑板线或板链输送，涉及土建结构，需要大量固定资产投资，并且后期的改造和扩能改造范围过大，停产周期长，无法适应现有市场快速响应需求。
因此，本申请实施例提供了一种车辆总装生产线，该车辆包括电动底盘和待装配的车身，通过自动导引运输车(Automatic Guided Vehicle，AGV)运输电动底盘，首先将车身与该电动底盘进行连接，以使后续装配时无需再进行下车体操作。之后，载有电动底盘和车身的AGV依次经过多个装配工位，通过该AGV的运输，以完成车辆的装配。该车辆总装生产线仅需AGV的运输即可完成各个装配操作，通过多个AGV即可形成生产流水线，以批量装配车辆，取消了传统方式的内饰大板线和底盘合装抱具线，极大地提高了装配效率。并且，在需要对该总装生产线进行改造或扩能时，可以对AGV的行走路径进行调整，例如，调整AGV的导航磁导条或定位码以改变行走路径，或者增加AGV数量和调整相应程序，即可实现，改造工作大大简化，并且无需或极少增加停产时间。
图1示出了本申请实施例的车辆总装生产线1的示意图。如图1所示，该车辆总装生产线1可以用于装配车辆2，该车辆2包括电动底盘22和待装配的车身21，该车身21用于与该电动底盘22连接。具体地，该车辆总装生产线1包括：AGV 11，用于将该电动底盘22运输至合装工位101；车身落位装置12，用于将该车身21落位至该电动底盘22，以在该合装工位101，连接该车身21与该电动底盘22；该AGV 11还用于：将连接后的该车身21与该电动底盘22依次运输至多个装配工位102，以在该 多个装配工位102完成该车辆2的装配；下线装置13，用于在下线工位103，将完成装配的该车辆2与该AGV 11分离，以使完成装配的该车辆2下线。
应理解，本申请实施例的车辆2可以为新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车或者混合动力汽车。具体地，该车辆2的电动底盘22包括储能系统，例如，该储能系统可以包括电池，以用于为车辆2供电。
因此，本申请实施例的车辆总装生产线1，首先通过AGV 11运输电动底盘22与车身21连接，取消了传统总装过程中的底部作业面，也就避免了使用抱具线的方式创造底部作业面；之后，通过AGV 11运输电动底盘22和车身21的方式即可完成其他装配操作，形成了贯通式机运线，取消了内饰的大板线，极大地提高了装配效率。并且，在完成一个车辆2的总装过程之后，将AGV 11与该车辆2分离，该AGV 11可以继续用于下一个车辆2的总装过程，这样，通过多个AGV 11即可形成生产流水线，以批量装配车辆2，无需大量土建施工投入，简化了总装的机运形式和转接形式，降低了机运建设的投资和周期，并且可以根据所需产量合理配备适量的AGV 11。
在使用该车辆总装生产线1的过程中，可根据工艺需求不断调试及优化该车辆总装生产线1的各个装配工位的布置，例如，可根据不同车型的需求，拆分高配安装工艺进行线外分装并重新并线，柔性化程度高，可兼容多种车型平台。具体地，在需要对该车辆总装生产线1进行改造或扩能时，可以对AGV 11的行走路径进行调整，例如，调整AGV 11的导航磁导条或定位码以改变行走路径，或者增加AGV 11数量和调整相应程序，改造工作大大简化，并且无需或极少增加停产时间。
应理解，本申请实施例的电动底盘22可以为车辆底盘与储能系统的一体化结构，例如，该电动底盘22可以指车辆2的下车体将行驶控制系统与储能系统进行集成。例如，图2示出了本申请实施例的一种电动底盘22的示意图，如图2所示，该电动底盘22可以包括下车体车架221、悬架系统222、转向系统223、制动系统224、底盘电器控制系统225和储能系统226。其中，悬架系统222、转向系统223、制动系统224、底盘电 器控制系统225和储能系统226均安装于下车体车架221上。例如，图2示出了悬架系统222、转向系统223、制动系统224、底盘电器控制系统225和储能系统226在下车体车架221上的一种可能的位置，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
具体地，本申请实施例的悬架系统222可以指车辆2的下车体车架221与车桥或车轮之间的一切传力连接装置的总称，其功能是传递作用在车轮和车架之间的力和力矩，并且缓冲由不平路面传给车架或车身21的冲击力，并衰减由此引起的震动，以保证车辆2平顺行驶。
车辆2的转向系统223可以用于改变或保持车辆2的行驶或倒退方向。
车辆2的制动系统224可以用于使车辆2的行驶速度被强制降低，主要功用是使行驶中的车辆2减速甚至停车、使下坡行驶的车辆2速度保持稳定、使已停驶的车辆2保持不动。
车辆2的底盘电器控制系统225可以包括电子电器控制模块，还可以包括线束以及管路系统，以用于控制电动底盘22。
车辆2的储能系统226可以用于为车辆2供电。例如，该储能系统的电池可以作为车辆2的操作电源，用于车辆2的电路系统，例如，用于车辆2的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，该储能系统的电池不仅仅可以作为车辆2的操作电源，还可以作为车辆2的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆2提供驱动动力，本申请实施例并不限于此。
可选地，如图2所示，该电动底盘22还可以包括：冷却热泵系统227。具体地，该冷却热泵系统227可以安装于下车体车架221上，例如，安装于如图2所示的位置，或者安装于其他位置。该冷却热泵系统227可以用于为在车辆2行驶中可能产生热量的部件提供热量，也可以用于冷却车辆2的部件，还可以用于为车辆2内部空间提供热量或者进行冷却，例如，该冷却热泵系统227可以包括车辆2的空调，本申请实施例并不限于此。
在本申请实施例中，如图1所示，在AGV 11将电动底盘22运输至 合装工位101之前，可选地，可以在固定工位104处，将电动底盘22设置于AGV 11上，以使得该AGV 11可以运输该电动底盘22至合装工位101。
图3示出了本申请实施例中AGV 11运输电动底盘22的示意图，如图1和图3所示，在固定工位104处，可以通过人工或者机械等方式，将电动底盘22放置于AGV 11上方，以使得该AGV 11可以运输该电动底盘22沿该车辆总装生产线1的各个工位移动。可选的，该AGV 11可以具有限位结构，以使得该电动底盘22与AGV 11相对固定，以使得该电动底盘22在经过后续各个安装工位时，保持稳定，提高总装效率。
在本申请实施例中，车辆总装生产线1的车身落位装置12将车身21落位至电动底盘22，以在该合装工位101，连接该车身21与该电动底盘22。
应理解，本申请实施例的车身落位装置12将车身21落位至电动底盘22之前，即该车身22未与电动底盘22连接之前，该车身22可以称为待装配的车身22。该待装配的车身22可以指自车身缓存区直接运输的待装配的车身22，或者，该待装配的车身22也可以为经过预装配工作的待装配的车身22。
图4示出了本申请实施例的待装配的车身22的示意图。可选地，结合图1和图4所示，车辆总装生产线1还包括：预装配装置14，用于将待装配的车身21自车身缓存区运输至在合装工位101之前的前舱预装配工位105，以在前舱预装配工位105完成待装配的车身21的前舱预装配工作。具体地，该前舱预装配工位105处可以用于进行前舱预装配工作，例如，该前舱预装配工作可以包括空调系统以及前舱线束的装配工作等，本申请实施例并不限于此。
图5示出了本申请实施例的车身21与电动底盘22连接后的示意图，如图1和图5所示，在合装工位101，将车身21与电动底盘22连接。可选地，本申请实施例的电动底盘22处于基本完成的状态，该车辆总装生产线1的合装工位101主要进行车身21和该电动底盘22的机械、电气、液体管路对接等过程。
在本申请实施例中，对于连接后的车身21和电动底盘22，可以通过AGV 11运输其依次经过多个装配工位102，以完成车辆2的装配。应理解，图1简化了多个装配工位102，并未示出全部装配工位102。
可选地，如图1所示，本申请实施例的多个装配工位102可以包括：多个内饰装配工位1021和多个外装工位1022。具体地，多个内饰装配工位1021用于执行车辆2的内饰装配工作。例如，该内饰装配工作可以包括以下部件中部分或者全部的装配工作：主线束及前舱线束、制动防抱死系统(antilock brake system，ABS)模块及制动管路、前舱空调管、电子控制模块、天窗、仪表板、顶棚、地毯、中控台、前后风挡和外部饰件。
类似的，多个外装工位1022用于执行车辆2的外装工作。例如，该外装工作可以包括以下部件中部分或者全部的装配工作：前端模块、大灯、座椅、前后保险杠、轮胎、油液加注和电子电气检测系统(Electrical Check Out System，ECOS)。
可选地，如图1所示，本申请实施例的车辆总装生产线1还可以包括至少一个转弯路径1023。考虑到车辆总装生产线1可以包括多个装配工位102，为了合理利用空间，该车辆总装生产线1还可以包括至少一个转弯路径1023，以提高场地的利用率。例如，该车辆总装生产线1可以包括一个转弯路径1023，该转弯路径1023的两端分别用于连接多个内饰装配工位1021和多个外装工位1022，既可以分割内饰装配工位1021和外装工位1022，还可以合理利用场地和空间。
可选地，AGV 11具有升降功能，以使AGV 11运输的连接后的车身21与电动底盘22满足多个装配工位102对装配高度的要求。考虑到多个装配工位102涉及该车辆2的各个部件的装配工作，不同装配工作对待装配的车辆2具有不同的高度要求，因此，可以通过使用具有升降功能的AGV 11，以使连接后的车身21与电动底盘22满足多个装配工位102对装配高度的要求，满足人机工程要求，而无需投入大量土建施工，降低了该车辆总装生产线1的成本。
在本申请实施例中，下线装置13在下线工位103，将完成装配的该 车辆2与该AGV 11分离，以使完成装配的该车辆2下线。以图1为例，在下线工位103处，通过下线装置13将AGV 11与完成装配的车辆2分离后，AGV 11还用于：运输下一个待装配车辆2的电动底盘22至合装工位101。
具体地，如图1所示，完成装配的车辆2与AGV 11分离，该车辆2可以驶离该车辆总装生产线1，以进行下一步处理。而与车辆2分离之后的AGV 11则重新处于空置状态，该空置的AGV 11可以沿路径1024行驶至固定工位104，以便于将下一个待装配车辆2的电动底盘22放置于该AGV 11上，AGV 11则将该下一个待装配车辆2的电动底盘22运输至合装工位101，以开始该下一个车辆2的总装过程，以此类推，形成车辆2的总装流水线。
上文描述了本申请实施例的车辆总装生产线1，下面将描述本申请实施例的车辆总装的方法300，其中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
图6示出了本申请实施例的车辆总装的方法300的示意性流程图。如图6所示，该方法300包括：S310，将该车辆2的电动底盘22通过AGV 11运输至合装工位101；S320，将该车辆2的待装配的车身21落位至该电动底盘22，以在该合装工位101，连接该车身21与该电动底盘22；S330，将连接后的该车身21与该电动底盘22通过该AGV 11依次运输至多个装配工位102，以在该多个装配工位102完成该车辆2的装配；S340，在下线工位103，将完成装配的该车辆2与该AGV 11分离，以使完成装配的该车辆2下线。
在一些实施例中，电动底盘22包括下车体车架221、悬架系统222、转向系统223、制动系统224、底盘电器控制系统225和储能系统226；悬架系统222、转向系统223、制动系统224、底盘电器控制系统225和储能系统226均安装于下车体车架221上。
在一些实施例中，电动底盘22还包括：冷却热泵系统227，冷却热泵系统227安装于下车体车架221上。
在一些实施例中，AGV 11具有升降功能，以使AGV 11运输的连 接后的车身21与电动底盘22满足多个装配工位102对装配高度的要求。
在一些实施例中，该方法300还包括：在AGV 11与完成装配的车辆2分离之后，将下一个待装配车辆2的电动底盘22通过AGV 11运输至合装工位101。
在一些实施例中，多个装配工位102包括：多个内饰装配工位1021，用于执行车辆2的内饰装配工作；多个外装工位1022，用于执行车辆2的外装工作。
在一些实施例中，该方法300还包括：将待装配的车身21自车身缓存区运输至在合装工位101之前的前舱预装配工位105，并在前舱预装配工位105完成待装配的车身21的前舱预装配工作。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种车辆总装生产线(1)，其特征在于，所述车辆(2)包括电动底盘(22)和待装配的车身(21)，所述车身(21)用于与所述电动底盘(22)连接；
    所述车辆总装生产线(1)包括：
    自动导引运输车AGV(11)，用于将所述电动底盘(22)运输至合装工位(101)；
    车身落位装置(12)，用于将所述车身(21)落位至所述电动底盘(22)，以在所述合装工位(101)，连接所述车身(21)与所述电动底盘(22)；
    所述AGV(11)还用于：将连接后的所述车身(21)与所述电动底盘(22)依次运输至多个装配工位(102)，以在所述多个装配工位(102)完成所述车辆(2)的装配；
    下线装置(13)，用于在下线工位(103)，将完成装配的所述车辆(2)与所述AGV(11)分离，以使完成装配的所述车辆(2)下线。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆总装生产线(1)，其特征在于，所述电动底盘(22)包括下车体车架(221)、悬架系统(222)、转向系统(223)、制动系统(224)、底盘电器控制系统(225)和储能系统(226)；所述悬架系统(222)、转向系统(223)、所述制动系统(224)、所述底盘电器控制系统(225)和所述储能系统(226)均安装于所述下车体车架(221)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车辆总装生产线(1)，其特征在于，所述电动底盘(22)还包括：冷却热泵系统(227)，所述冷却热泵系统(227)安装于所述下车体车架(221)上。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的车辆总装生产线(1)，其特征在于，所述AGV(11)具有升降功能，以使所述AGV(11)运输的连接后的所述车身(21)与所述电动底盘(22)满足所述多个装配工位(102)对装配高度的要求。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的车辆总装生产线(1)，其特征在于，所述AGV(11)还用于：
    在所述下线工位(103)处与完成装配的所述车辆(2)分离后，运输下一个待装配车辆(2)的电动底盘(22)至所述合装工位(101)。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的车辆总装生产线(1)，其特征在于，所述多个装配工位(102)包括：
    多个内饰装配工位(1021)，用于执行所述车辆(2)的内饰装配工作；
    多个外装工位(1022)，用于执行所述车辆(2)的外装工作。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车辆总装生产线(1)，其特征在于，所述车辆总装生产线(1)还包括：
    预装配装置(14)，用于将所述待装配的车身(21)自车身缓存区运输至在所述合装工位(101)之前的前舱预装配工位(105)，以在所述前舱预装配工位(105)完成所述待装配的车身(21)的前舱预装配工作。
  8. 一种车辆总装的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将所述车辆(2)的电动底盘(22)通过自动导引运输车AGV(11)运输至合装工位(101)；
    将所述车辆(2)的待装配的车身(21)落位至所述电动底盘(22)，以在所述合装工位(101)，连接所述车身(21)与所述电动底盘(22)；
    将连接后的所述车身(21)与所述电动底盘(22)通过所述AGV (11)依次运输至多个装配工位(102)，以在所述多个装配工位(102)完成所述车辆(2)的装配；
    在下线工位(103)，将完成装配的所述车辆(2)与所述AGV(11)分离，以使完成装配的所述车辆(2)下线。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电动底盘(22)包括下车体车架(221)、悬架系统(222)、转向系统(223)、制动系统(224)、底盘电器控制系统(225)和储能系统(226)；所述悬架系统(222)、转向系统(223)、所述制动系统(224)、所述底盘电器控制系统(225)和所述储能系统(226)均安装于所述下车体车架(221)上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电动底盘(22)还包括：冷却热泵系统(227)，所述冷却热泵系统(227)安装于所述下车体车架(221)上。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述AGV(11)具有升降功能，以使所述AGV(11)运输的连接后的所述车身(21)与所述电动底盘(22)满足所述多个装配工位(102)对装配高度的要求。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述AGV(11)与完成装配的所述车辆(2)分离之后，将下一个待装配车辆(2)的电动底盘(22)通过所述AGV(11)运输至所述合装工位(101)。
  13. 根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个装配工位(102)包括：
    多个内饰装配工位(1021)，用于执行所述车辆(2)的内饰装配工 作；
    多个外装工位(1022)，用于执行所述车辆(2)的外装工作。
  14. 根据权利要求8至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    将所述待装配的车身(21)自车身缓存区运输至在所述合装工位(101)之前的前舱预装配工位(105)，并在所述前舱预装配工位(105)完成所述待装配的车身(21)的前舱预装配工作。
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