WO2023140201A1 - Heat medium heating device - Google Patents

Heat medium heating device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023140201A1
WO2023140201A1 PCT/JP2023/000928 JP2023000928W WO2023140201A1 WO 2023140201 A1 WO2023140201 A1 WO 2023140201A1 JP 2023000928 W JP2023000928 W JP 2023000928W WO 2023140201 A1 WO2023140201 A1 WO 2023140201A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heater
pwm signal
power consumption
heat medium
heating device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2023/000928
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
瑞季 岡田
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サンデン株式会社
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2023140201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023140201A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat medium heating device that is mounted on a vehicle and heats a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a technique of forcibly consuming electric power (that is, performing so-called waste electricity) by using an electric heater to raise the temperature of a heat medium that exchanges heat with conditioned air blown into the vehicle compartment, that is, a heat medium for heating the vehicle compartment, when regenerative braking is performed when the remaining capacity of the power storage device is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
  • the stability of the cabin temperature control may be impaired.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a heat medium heating device that is configured to heat a heat medium for heating a passenger compartment, and that can suppress a decrease in the stability of passenger compartment temperature control while consuming power (discharging electricity) for protection of a power storage device.
  • a heat medium heating device that is mounted on a vehicle and heats a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment.
  • This heat medium heating device includes a heater that generates heat when energized and heats the heat medium, a switching element that is provided in an energization circuit to the heater and that can turn on and off the energization, a driver that turns the switching element on and off, and a control unit that generates a first PWM signal based on a heating request and outputs it to the driver to control the energization of the heater. and outputs the second PWM signal to the driver for a predetermined time in place of the first PWM signal.
  • a heat medium heating device that is mounted on a vehicle and configured to heat a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment, and that can ensure the stability of the passenger compartment temperature control while consuming power (discharging electricity) for the protection of the power storage device.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing an in-vehicle heating device to which a heat medium heating device according to an embodiment is applied;
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of an example of the heater control apparatus of the heat-medium heating apparatus which concerns on embodiment.
  • 6 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (normal control) performed based on a heating request;
  • 6 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (power consumption (discharge) control) performed based on a power consumption request;
  • 1 is a schematic top view of an example of a heat medium heating device according to an embodiment;
  • FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 5;
  • 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 1 conceptually shows an in-vehicle heating device 10 to which a heat medium heating device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • the in-vehicle heating device 10 is mainly installed in an electric motor-driven vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, that is, an electric motor-driven vehicle that can run with the driving force of the electric motor and that is configured to charge a battery (power storage device) with regenerative electric power obtained by regenerative braking that causes the electric motor to function as a generator during deceleration.
  • the in-vehicle heating device 10 is configured such that a pump P circulates a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment through a heat medium circulation path 11 . Water (including water mixed with antifreeze or the like) is usually used as the heat medium.
  • the heat medium heating device 1 is provided at the first position of the heat medium circulation path 11 .
  • the heat medium heating device 1 is configured to heat the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 11 by the heater 3 that generates heat when energized.
  • the heat medium heating device 1 is configured to heat a heat medium that has flowed in from an inflow portion (an inflow port 23, which will be described later) by the heater 3, and cause the heated heat medium to flow out from an outflow portion (an outflow port 24, which will be described later).
  • the heater 3 is composed of a pair of heaters (a first heater 3A and a second heater 3B) electrically connected in parallel, although not particularly limited. The configuration of the heat medium heating device 1 will be described later.
  • a heat exchanger 12 is provided at the second position of the heat medium circuit 11 .
  • the heat exchanger 12 is arranged in a ventilation duct 13 for blowing air for air conditioning into the passenger compartment, and generates air for heating the passenger compartment by heat exchange between the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating device 1 and the air.
  • a bypass passage 14 bypassing the heat exchanger 12 is provided in the ventilation duct 13 , and an air mix damper 15 controls the flow of air in the ventilation duct 13 .
  • the heat medium heating device 1 has a heater control device that controls the heaters 3 in addition to the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B).
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an example of a heater control device.
  • the heater control device includes an energization circuit 30 for the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B) and a microcomputer (CPU) 40 as a control section.
  • the energization circuit 30 is configured to apply to the heater 3 a high voltage supplied from the battery of the motor-driven vehicle (indicated as a high voltage power source in FIG. 2).
  • a first IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) 31 is provided as a switching element on the output side (voltage side) of the high voltage power supply (battery) rather than the heater 3
  • a second IGBT 32 is provided as a switching element on the ground side of the high voltage power supply (battery) rather than the heater 3.
  • the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 can turn on/off the electricity to the heater 3 according to the signal input to the gate.
  • Two output terminals of an IGBT driver 33 are connected to the gates of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32, respectively.
  • the IGBT driver 33 has two input terminals and two output terminals, and can individually turn on/off the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 by output signals corresponding to the input signals.
  • Two output terminals of a microcomputer (CPU) 40 are connected to two input terminals of the IGBT driver 33, respectively.
  • first temperature sensor 35 Second temperature sensor 36, voltage sensor 37, current sensor 38
  • microcomputer 40 Signals from various sensors (first temperature sensor 35, second temperature sensor 36, voltage sensor 37, current sensor 38) are input to the microcomputer 40.
  • the first temperature sensor 35 detects temperatures of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 .
  • the first temperature sensor 35 includes a first thermistor Th1 arranged near the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 .
  • the first temperature sensor 35 includes a resistor R1 and a first thermistor Th1 that are connected in series between a constant voltage power source (denoted as “5V” in the figure) and ground, and is configured to output the terminal voltage V1 of the first thermistor Th1 to the microcomputer 40 as the temperature equivalent voltage of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32.
  • the second temperature sensor 36 detects the temperature of the heater 3 (including the temperature of the heat medium heated by the heater 3).
  • the second temperature sensor 36 includes a second thermistor Th2 arranged near the heater 3 .
  • the second temperature sensor 36 includes a resistor R2 and a second thermistor Th2 that are connected in series between a constant-voltage power source (denoted as “5V” in the drawing) and the ground, and is configured to output the terminal voltage V2 of the second thermistor Th2 to the microcomputer 40 as a voltage equivalent to the temperature of the heater 3.
  • a voltage sensor 37 detects the voltage applied to the heater 3 .
  • the voltage sensor 37 includes voltage dividing resistors R3 and R4 connected in series between the output side (voltage side) of the high voltage power supply (battery) and the ground side, and is configured to output the terminal voltage V3 of the ground side resistor R4 to the microcomputer 40 as a value equivalent to the voltage applied to the heater 3.
  • the current sensor 38 detects currents flowing through the first IGBT 31 , the second IGBT 32 and the heater 3 .
  • the current sensor 38 includes a resistor R5 provided between the second IGBT 32 and the ground side of the high-voltage power supply (battery), and an operational amplifier OP that detects a potential difference ⁇ V between both ends of the resistor R5.
  • the first temperature sensor 35, the second temperature sensor 36, the voltage sensor 37, and the current sensor 38 are merely examples, and the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the voltage sensor 37, and the current sensor 38 having other configurations may be used.
  • a request from the motor-driven vehicle is input to the microcomputer 40 .
  • a heating request and a power consumption request output from the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 of the motor-driven vehicle are input to the microcomputer 40 .
  • the heating request is output from the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 to the microcomputer 40 when the in-vehicle heating device 10 is turned on.
  • the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 is configured to calculate the target output power to the heater 3 based on the difference between the set target cabin temperature and the actual cabin temperature, and output a heating request including the calculated target output power to the microcomputer 40. Therefore, the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 can output a heating request to the microcomputer 40 even when the target cabin temperature changes and/or when the actual cabin temperature changes, that is, when the target output power to the heater 3 changes.
  • the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 outputs a heating stop instruction to the microcomputer 40 (including stopping the output of the heating request) when the in-vehicle heating device 10 is turned off.
  • the power consumption request is output from the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 to the microcomputer 40 mainly when it is necessary to protect the battery from overcharging. In other words, the power consumption request is output irrespective of the heating request because the heater 3 forces the power of the battery to be consumed (reduces the amount of charge in the battery). again.
  • the power consumption request can also be called a power disposal request.
  • the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 is configured to output the power consumption request to the microcomputer 40 when the remaining battery capacity (SOC) is equal to or higher than a first predetermined value, or when the regenerative braking is performed when the remaining battery capacity (SOC) is equal to or higher than a second predetermined value.
  • the second predetermined value is preferably set to a value greater than the first predetermined value, but may be the same as the first predetermined value.
  • the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 is configured to output the power consumption request including the power value to be consumed by the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as "power consumption set value") to the microcomputer 40.
  • the microcomputer 40 controls energization to the heaters 3 (first heater 3A, second heater 3B) based on signals from the various sensors and/or requests from the motor-driven vehicle. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal and outputs the generated PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 to turn on/off the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32, thereby controlling the energization of the heater 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B).
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (normal control) performed by the microcomputer 40 based on a heating request.
  • step S1 the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a heating request has been input, and proceeds to step S2 when a heating request has been input.
  • step S2 the microcomputer 40 calculates the power output to the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as “heater output power”). Specifically, the microcomputer 40 detects the voltage applied to the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as “heater voltage”) based on the terminal voltage V3 of the resistor R4 input from the voltage sensor 37, and calculates the current flowing through the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as “heater current”) based on the resistance value r of the resistor R5 and the potential difference ⁇ V across the resistor R4 input from the current sensor 38. Then, the microcomputer 40 calculates the heater output power by multiplying the detected heater voltage and the calculated heater current.
  • the microcomputer 40 calculates the heater output power by multiplying the detected heater voltage and the calculated heater current.
  • step S3 the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM signal (hereinafter referred to as "first PWM signal”) based on the heating request. Specifically, the microcomputer 40 generates the first PWM signal by calculating a new duty ratio based on the target output power included in the heating request input in step S1 (or step S5), the heater output power calculated in step S2, and the current duty ratio (including the case where the duty ratio is 0).
  • step S4 the microcomputer 40 outputs the first PWM signal generated in step S3 to the IGBT driver 33.
  • step S5 the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a new heating request has been input. When a new heating request is input, the microcomputer 40 returns to step S2 to generate and output a new first PWM signal. On the other hand, if no new heating request is input, the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S6.
  • step S6 the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a heating stop instruction has been input (whether or not there is no heating request). When the heating stop instruction is input (the heating request is no longer required), the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S7, stops outputting the first PWM signal, and stops energizing the heater 3. FIG. In this case, the duty ratio is set to zero. On the other hand, if the heating stop instruction is not input (the heating request has not disappeared), the microcomputer 40 returns to the process of step S4 and continues outputting the first PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 .
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (power consumption (waste power) control) performed by the microcomputer 40 based on the power consumption request.
  • step S11 the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a power consumption request has been input. If a power consumption request has been input, the process proceeds to step S12.
  • step S12 the microcomputer 40 calculates the heater output power, in other words, the current power consumption of the heater 3, as in the process of step S2 in FIG.
  • step S13 the microcomputer 40 determines whether the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request input in step S11 is greater than the current power consumption of the heater 3 calculated in step S12. If the power consumption set value is greater than the current power consumption of the heater 3, the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S14. On the other hand, if the power consumption set value is equal to or less than the current power consumption of the heater 3, the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S20.
  • step S14 the microcomputer 40 saves the current duty ratio (including the case where the duty ratio is 0) of the PWM signal (that is, the first PWM signal) being output to the IGBT driver 33.
  • step S15 the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM signal (hereinafter referred to as "second PWM signal”) based on the power consumption request. Specifically, the microcomputer 40 generates the second PWM signal by calculating a new duty ratio (>current duty ratio) based on the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request input in step S11, the current power consumption of the heater 3 calculated in step S12, and the current duty ratio.
  • second PWM signal a PWM signal
  • step S16 the microcomputer 40 outputs the second PWM signal generated in step S15 to the IGBT driver 33.
  • the microcomputer 40 outputs the second PWM signal generated in step S15 to the IGBT driver 33 instead of the first PWM signal.
  • step S17 the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a predetermined time T has elapsed since the start of outputting the second PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33.
  • the predetermined time T can be set arbitrarily.
  • the predetermined time T is set to a short period of time during which the passenger compartment temperature does not substantially change even if the PWM signal having a duty ratio of 100% or a value close to it is continuously output to the IGBT driver 33 for the predetermined period of time T, i.e., a short period of time during which the passenger does not notice the change in the vehicle compartment temperature.
  • the predetermined time T is set to 5 seconds or less, preferably about 2 seconds, and the microcomputer 40 counts the carrier cycle of the PWM signal to determine whether the predetermined time T has passed.
  • step S18 the microcomputer 40 stops outputting the second PWM signal. This ensures a state in which the second PWM signal is continuously output to the IGBT driver 33 for at least the predetermined time T regardless of whether or not there is a heating request.
  • step S ⁇ b>19 the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM signal having the duty ratio saved in step S ⁇ b>14 and outputs the generated PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 .
  • the microcomputer 40 outputs the PWM signal having the duty ratio saved in the process of step S14 to the IGBT driver 33 for a plurality of carrier cycles, for example, for two carrier cycles.
  • the microcomputer 40 ends this flow.
  • the microcomputer 40 can quickly and stably restore the heater energization control from the power consumption (discharge) control to the normal control.
  • step S13 if the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request input in step S11 is equal to or less than the current power consumption of the heater 3, it is considered that the microcomputer 40 has already output the first PWM signal with a relatively high duty ratio to the IGBT driver 33 when the power consumption request is input. Therefore, the microcomputer 40 continues outputting the first PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 in step S20. In other words, when the heater 3 consumes sufficient power by normal control based on the heating request, the microcomputer 40 maintains the normal control based on the heating request even if the power consumption request is input (does not switch the control).
  • the microcomputer 40 waits for the elapse of the predetermined time T (step S21), and then terminates this flow.
  • a heating stop instruction is input (no heating request) immediately after a power consumption request is input, a state in which the first PWM signal is output to the IGBT driver 33 for at least a predetermined time T is ensured.
  • the microcomputer 40 stops outputting the PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 for overheat protection when the temperature of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 exceeds a predetermined value, when the temperature of the heater 3 exceeds a predetermined value, when the voltage applied to the heater 3 exceeds a predetermined value, or when the current flowing through the first IGBT 31, the second IGBT 32, and the heater 3 exceeds a predetermined value. .
  • the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 are forcibly turned OFF, and power supply to the heater 3 is stopped.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of an example of the heat medium heating device 1
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG.
  • the heat medium heating device 1 has a housing 2 .
  • the housing 2 is constructed by integrally fastening a plurality of housing members (here, a first housing member 2A, a second housing member 2B, and a third housing portion 2C) with bolts (not shown) or the like.
  • the housing 2 has a heater housing chamber 21 that houses the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B), and a board housing chamber 22 that houses the control board 4 on which the heater control device (energization circuit 30, microcomputer 40) is mounted.
  • the heater housing chamber 21 is formed by fastening the first housing member 2A and the second housing member 2B together
  • the substrate housing chamber 22 is formed by fastening the third housing member 2C to the fastening body of the first housing member 2A and the second housing member 2B.
  • the heater accommodation chamber 21 includes a first accommodation portion 21A, a second accommodation portion 21B, and a communication portion 21C that communicates the first accommodation portion 21A and the second accommodation portion 21B.
  • 21 A of 1st accommodating parts and the 2nd accommodating part 21B are provided in parallel, 21 C of communication parts connect these between 21 A of 1st accommodating parts, and the 2nd accommodating part 21B.
  • the first heater 3A is accommodated in the first accommodation portion 21A, and the second heater 3B is accommodated in the second accommodation portion 21B.
  • the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B have a substantially cylindrical outer shape.
  • the first housing portion 21A and the second housing portion 21B are formed as substantially cylindrical spaces having a larger diameter than the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B. Therefore, a first annular space is formed between the inner surface of the first accommodating portion 21A and the outer surface of the first heater 3A, and a second annular space is formed between the inner surface of the second accommodating portion 21B and the outer surface of the second heater 3B. These first and second annular spaces communicate with each other through a communicating portion 21C.
  • the housing 2 has an inlet 23 through which the heat medium flows into the heater housing chamber 21 and an outlet 24 through which the heat medium flows out of the heater housing chamber 21 .
  • the inflow port 23 is formed to allow the heat medium to flow into one side of the heater housing chamber 21 (first housing portion 21A) in the longitudinal direction
  • the outflow port 24 is formed to flow the heat medium out of the other side of the heater housing chamber 21 (first housing portion 21A) in the longitudinal direction.
  • the inlet 23 and the outlet 24 are provided on the same side surface of the housing 2 .
  • the inflow port 23 and the outflow port 24 may be formed on different sides of the housing 2 .
  • the heater housing chamber 21 , the inlet 23 and the outlet 24 constitute a heat medium flow path within the housing 2 , and this heat medium flow path constitutes a part of the heat medium circulation path 11 . That is, the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circulation path 11 flows into the heater accommodation chamber 21 through the inlet 23 , flows through the heater accommodation chamber 21 , and then flows out of the heater accommodation chamber 21 through the outlet 24 .
  • the heat medium is heated by the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B) when flowing through the heater housing chamber 21, and more particularly when flowing mainly through the first annular space and the second annular space.
  • the substrate storage chamber 22 is provided adjacent to the heater storage chamber 21 with the wall portion 25 interposed therebetween. Specifically, in the housing 2, the substrate storage chamber 22 is separated from the heater storage chamber 21 by the wall portion 25, the heater storage chamber 21 is arranged on one side (lower side) of the wall portion 25, and the substrate storage chamber 22 is arranged on the other side (upper side) of the wall portion 25. In other words, the wall portion 25 defines a portion of the heater housing chamber 21 and a portion of the substrate housing chamber 22 .
  • a plurality of (here, four) board mounting portions 26 for mounting the control board 4 are provided in the board housing chamber 22 .
  • the plurality of board mounting portions 26 are provided on the wall portion 25 .
  • each of the plurality of board mounting portions 26 is formed in a boss shape protruding from the wall portion 25 to the other side (upper side), and a screw hole (not shown) is formed on the upper surface.
  • the heat medium heating device 1 includes heaters 3 (3A, 3B) that generate heat when energized to heat the heat medium, first and second IGBTs 31, 32 (switching elements) that are provided in an energization circuit 30 to the heater 3 and that can turn on and off the energization of the heater 3, an IGBT driver 33 (driver) that drives the first and second IGBTs 31, 32 on and off, and a first PWM signal based on a heating request to generate an IGB. and a microcomputer 40 (controller) that controls energization of the heater 3 for heating the passenger compartment by outputting to the T driver 33 .
  • the microcomputer 40 saves the duty ratio of the first PWM signal at that time, generates a second PWM signal based on the power consumption request, and outputs the second PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 for a predetermined time instead of the first PWM signal, thereby consuming the power of the battery by the heater 3.
  • the predetermined time T is set to a short time of 5 seconds or less so as not to substantially change the vehicle interior temperature.
  • the power consumption request includes a power consumption set value as the power to be consumed by the heater 3, and when the power consumption request is input, the microcomputer compares the power consumption of the heater 3 at that time with the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request, generates a second PWM signal when the power consumption of the heater 3 at that time is lower than the power consumption set value, and outputs the second PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 for a predetermined time T instead of the first PWM signal.
  • the microcomputer 40 ensures a state in which the first PWM signal is continuously output to the IGBT driver 33 for at least a predetermined time T. For this reason, it is possible to further suppress the deterioration in the stability of the passenger compartment temperature control due to the suppression of control switching, while enabling the power consumption according to the power consumption request.
  • the microcomputer 40 stops outputting the second PWM signal, generates a PWM signal having the saved duty ratio, and outputs it to the IGBT driver 33 for a plurality of carrier cycles. Therefore, the power consumption (waste of electricity) control is smoothly returned to the normal control, and it is possible to prevent the stability of the vehicle interior temperature control from being impaired at the time of the return.
  • 1...heat medium heating device 3...heater, 3A...first heater, 3B...second heater, 30...energizing circuit to heater, 31...first IGBT (switching element), 32...second IGBT (switching element), 33...IGBT driver (driver), 37...voltage sensor, 38...current sensor, 40...microcomputer (control section), 50...vehicle control unit VCU

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract

[Problem] To provide a heat medium heating device that is configured so as to heat a heat medium for heating a vehicle interior and that can suppress a decrease in stability of vehicle interior temperature control while consuming power (waste power) for protection or the like of a power storage device. [Solution] This heat medium heating device includes: a heater for heating a heat medium through generating heat by electrification; a switching element that is provided to an electrification circuit with respect to the heater and that is capable of turning on and off electrification; a driver for driving on/off the switching element; and a control unit for controlling electrification of the heater by generating a first PWM signal based on a heating request and outputting the signal to the driver. When a power consumption request has been inputted, the control unit stores a duty ratio of the first PWM signal, generates a second PWM signal based on the power consumption request, and outputs the second PWM signal in place of the first PWM signal to the driver for a predetermined time.

Description

熱媒体加熱装置Heat medium heating device
　本発明は、車両に搭載されて車室暖房用の熱媒体を加熱する熱媒体加熱装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat medium heating device that is mounted on a vehicle and heats a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment.
　電気自動車やハイブリッド自動車などの電動機搭載車両においては、減速時に電動機を発電機として機能させる回生制動が利用される。この回生制動で得られる回生電力は、蓄電装置に充電され得るが、過充電から蓄電装置を保護する必要もある。この点に関し、特許文献１には、蓄電装置の残容量が所定値以上のときに回生制動が行われる場合、車室内に吹き出される空調空気と熱交換する熱媒体、すなわち、車室暖房用の熱媒体を電気ヒータによって昇温させ、強制的に電力を消費させる（すなわち、いわゆる廃電を行う）技術が記載されている。 　In vehicles equipped with electric motors, such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, regenerative braking is used to make the motor function as a generator during deceleration. The regenerative electric power obtained by this regenerative braking can be used to charge the power storage device, but it is also necessary to protect the power storage device from overcharging. Regarding this point, Patent Document 1 describes a technique of forcibly consuming electric power (that is, performing so-called waste electricity) by using an electric heater to raise the temperature of a heat medium that exchanges heat with conditioned air blown into the vehicle compartment, that is, a heat medium for heating the vehicle compartment, when regenerative braking is performed when the remaining capacity of the power storage device is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
特開２０１９－１１９２９１号公報JP 2019-119291 A
　しかし、例えば暖房要求に基づいて電気ヒータが通電されているときに、蓄電装置の保護などのために電気ヒータによる強制的な電力消費（廃電）が要求されると、車室温度制御の安定性が損なわれてしまうおそれがある。 However, for example, when the electric heater is energized based on a heating request, if forced power consumption (discharge of electricity) by the electric heater is requested to protect the power storage device, the stability of the cabin temperature control may be impaired.
　そこで、本発明は、車室暖房用の熱媒体を加熱するように構成され、蓄電装置の保護などのための電力消費（廃電）を行いつつ、車室温度制御の安定性の低下を抑制することのできる熱媒体加熱装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat medium heating device that is configured to heat a heat medium for heating a passenger compartment, and that can suppress a decrease in the stability of passenger compartment temperature control while consuming power (discharging electricity) for protection of a power storage device.
　本発明の一側面によると、車両に搭載されて車室暖房用の熱媒体を加熱する熱媒体加熱装置が提供される。この熱媒体加熱装置は、通電により発熱して前記熱媒体を加熱するヒータと、前記ヒータへの通電回路に設けられて通電をオン・オフ可能なスイッチング素子と、前記スイッチング素子をオン・オフ駆動するドライバと、暖房要求に基づく第１のＰＷＭ信号を生成して前記ドライバに出力することで前記ヒータへの通電を制御する制御部とを含み、前記制御部は、電力消費要求を入力すると、そのときの前記第１のＰＷＭ信号のデューティ比を保存し、前記電力消費要求に基づく第２のＰＷＭ信号を生成し、及び前記第１のＰＷＭ信号に代えて前記第２のＰＷＭ信号を前記ドライバに所定時間出力する。 According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat medium heating device that is mounted on a vehicle and heats a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment. This heat medium heating device includes a heater that generates heat when energized and heats the heat medium, a switching element that is provided in an energization circuit to the heater and that can turn on and off the energization, a driver that turns the switching element on and off, and a control unit that generates a first PWM signal based on a heating request and outputs it to the driver to control the energization of the heater. and outputs the second PWM signal to the driver for a predetermined time in place of the first PWM signal.
　本発明によれば、車両に搭載されて車室暖房用の熱媒体を加熱するように構成され、蓄電装置の保護などのための電力消費（廃電）を行いつつ、車室温度制御の安定性を確保することのできる熱媒体加熱装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat medium heating device that is mounted on a vehicle and configured to heat a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment, and that can ensure the stability of the passenger compartment temperature control while consuming power (discharging electricity) for the protection of the power storage device.
実施形態に係る熱媒体加熱装置が適用された車載暖房装置を概念的に示す図である。1 is a diagram conceptually showing an in-vehicle heating device to which a heat medium heating device according to an embodiment is applied; FIG. 実施形態に係る熱媒体加熱装置のヒータ制御装置の一例の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of an example of the heater control apparatus of the heat-medium heating apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 暖房要求に基づいて行われるヒータ通電制御（通常制御）の一例を示すフローチャートである。6 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (normal control) performed based on a heating request; 電力消費要求に基づいて行われるヒータ通電制御（電力消費（廃電）制御）の一例を示すフローチャートである。6 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (power consumption (discharge) control) performed based on a power consumption request; 実施形態に係る熱媒体加熱装置の一例の概略上面図である。1 is a schematic top view of an example of a heat medium heating device according to an embodiment; FIG. 図５のＡ－Ａ断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 5; 図５のＢ－Ｂ断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 5; 図５のＣ－Ｃ断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5; FIG.
　以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
　図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る熱媒体加熱装置１が適用された車載暖房装置１０を概念的に示している。車載暖房装置１０は、主に、電気自動車やハイブリッド自動車などの電動機駆動車両、すなわち、電動機の駆動力で走行可能であり、且つ、減速時に電動機を発電機として機能させる回生制動で得られた回生電力をバッテリ（蓄電装置）に充電するように構成された電動機駆動車両に搭載される。車載暖房装置１０は、ポンプＰにより車室暖房用の熱媒体が熱媒体循環路１１を循環するように構成されている。熱媒体には、通常、水（不凍液などが混入されたものを含む）が用いられる。 FIG. 1 conceptually shows an in-vehicle heating device 10 to which a heat medium heating device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied. The in-vehicle heating device 10 is mainly installed in an electric motor-driven vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, that is, an electric motor-driven vehicle that can run with the driving force of the electric motor and that is configured to charge a battery (power storage device) with regenerative electric power obtained by regenerative braking that causes the electric motor to function as a generator during deceleration. The in-vehicle heating device 10 is configured such that a pump P circulates a heat medium for heating the passenger compartment through a heat medium circulation path 11 . Water (including water mixed with antifreeze or the like) is usually used as the heat medium.
　熱媒体加熱装置１は、熱媒体循環路１１の第１位置に設けられている。熱媒体加熱装置１は、通電により発熱するヒータ３により、熱媒体循環路１１を流れる熱媒体を加熱するように構成されている。具体的には、熱媒体加熱装置１は、流入部（後述する流入口２３）から流入した熱媒体をヒータ３によって加熱し、加熱された熱媒体を流出部（後述する流出口２４）から流出させるように構成されている。特に限定されないが、本実施形態において、ヒータ３は、電気的に並列に接続された一対のヒータ（第１ヒータ３Ａ、第２ヒータ３Ｂ）で構成されている。なお、熱媒体加熱装置１の構成については後述する。 The heat medium heating device 1 is provided at the first position of the heat medium circulation path 11 . The heat medium heating device 1 is configured to heat the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circuit 11 by the heater 3 that generates heat when energized. Specifically, the heat medium heating device 1 is configured to heat a heat medium that has flowed in from an inflow portion (an inflow port 23, which will be described later) by the heater 3, and cause the heated heat medium to flow out from an outflow portion (an outflow port 24, which will be described later). In this embodiment, the heater 3 is composed of a pair of heaters (a first heater 3A and a second heater 3B) electrically connected in parallel, although not particularly limited. The configuration of the heat medium heating device 1 will be described later.
　熱媒体循環路１１の第２位置には熱交換器１２が設けられている。熱交換器１２は、車室に空調用空気を吹き出す通風ダクト１３内に配置され、熱媒体加熱装置１で加熱された熱媒体と空気との熱交換により車室暖房用の空気を生成する。また、通風ダクト１３内には熱交換器１２をバイパスするバイパス通路１４が設けられており、エアミックスダンパ１５により、通風ダクト１３内の空気の流れが制御される。 A heat exchanger 12 is provided at the second position of the heat medium circuit 11 . The heat exchanger 12 is arranged in a ventilation duct 13 for blowing air for air conditioning into the passenger compartment, and generates air for heating the passenger compartment by heat exchange between the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating device 1 and the air. A bypass passage 14 bypassing the heat exchanger 12 is provided in the ventilation duct 13 , and an air mix damper 15 controls the flow of air in the ventilation duct 13 .
　熱媒体加熱装置１は、ヒータ３（第１ヒータ３Ａ、第２ヒータ３Ｂ）に加えて、ヒータ３を制御するヒータ制御装置を有している。図２は、ヒータ制御装置の一例の概略構成を示す図である。本実施形態において、ヒータ制御装置は、ヒータ３（第１ヒータ３Ａ、第２ヒータ３Ｂ）への通電回路３０と、制御部としてのマイコン（ＣＰＵ）４０とを含む。 The heat medium heating device 1 has a heater control device that controls the heaters 3 in addition to the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B). FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an example of a heater control device. In this embodiment, the heater control device includes an energization circuit 30 for the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B) and a microcomputer (CPU) 40 as a control section.
　通電回路３０は、ヒータ３に対して、前記電動機駆動車両の前記バッテリ（図２には高電圧電源として表記）から供給される高電圧を印加するように構成されている。 The energization circuit 30 is configured to apply to the heater 3 a high voltage supplied from the battery of the motor-driven vehicle (indicated as a high voltage power source in FIG. 2).
　通電回路３０において、ヒータ３よりも高電圧電源（バッテリ）の出力側（電圧側）にはスイッチング素子としての第１のＩＧＢＴ（絶縁ゲート型バイポーラトランジスタ）３１が設けられ、ヒータ３よりも高電圧電源（バッテリ）の接地側にはスイッチング素子として第２のＩＧＢＴ３２が設けられている。第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２は、ゲートに入力される信号に応じて、ヒータ３への通電をオン・オフすることが可能である。第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２の各ゲートには、ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３の２つの出力端子がそれぞれ接続されている。 In the energization circuit 30, a first IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) 31 is provided as a switching element on the output side (voltage side) of the high voltage power supply (battery) rather than the heater 3, and a second IGBT 32 is provided as a switching element on the ground side of the high voltage power supply (battery) rather than the heater 3. The first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 can turn on/off the electricity to the heater 3 according to the signal input to the gate. Two output terminals of an IGBT driver 33 are connected to the gates of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32, respectively.
　ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３は、２つの入力端子と２つの出力端子とを有し、各入力信号に応じた各出力信号により、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２を個別にオン・オフ駆動することが可能である。ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３の２つの入力端子には、マイコン（ＣＰＵ）４０の２つの出力端子がそれぞれ接続されている。 The IGBT driver 33 has two input terminals and two output terminals, and can individually turn on/off the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 by output signals corresponding to the input signals. Two output terminals of a microcomputer (CPU) 40 are connected to two input terminals of the IGBT driver 33, respectively.
　マイコン４０には、各種のセンサ（第１温度センサ３５、第２温度センサ３６、電圧センサ３７、電流センサ３８）からの信号が入力されている。 Signals from various sensors (first temperature sensor 35, second temperature sensor 36, voltage sensor 37, current sensor 38) are input to the microcomputer 40.
　第１温度センサ３５は、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２の温度を検知する。第１温度センサ３５は、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２の近傍に配置された第１サーミスタＴｈ１を含む。具体的には、本実施形態において、第１温度センサ３５は、定電圧電源（図には「５Ｖ」と表記されている）と接地との間に直列に接続された抵抗Ｒ１及び第１サーミスタＴｈ１を含み、第１サーミスタＴｈ１の端子電圧Ｖ１を、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２の温度相当電圧としてマイコン４０に出力するように構成されている。 The first temperature sensor 35 detects temperatures of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 . The first temperature sensor 35 includes a first thermistor Th1 arranged near the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 . Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first temperature sensor 35 includes a resistor R1 and a first thermistor Th1 that are connected in series between a constant voltage power source (denoted as “5V” in the figure) and ground, and is configured to output the terminal voltage V1 of the first thermistor Th1 to the microcomputer 40 as the temperature equivalent voltage of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32.
　第２温度センサ３６は、ヒータ３の温度（ヒータ３によって加熱された熱媒体の温度を含む）を検知する。第２温度センサ３６は、ヒータ３の近傍に配置された第２サーミスタＴｈ２を含む。具体的には、本実施形態において、第２温度センサ３６は、定電圧電源（図には「５Ｖ」と表記）と接地との間に直列に接続された抵抗Ｒ２及び第２サーミスタＴｈ２を含み、第２サーミスタＴｈ２の端子電圧Ｖ２を、ヒータ３の温度相当電圧としてマイコン４０に出力するように構成されている。 The second temperature sensor 36 detects the temperature of the heater 3 (including the temperature of the heat medium heated by the heater 3). The second temperature sensor 36 includes a second thermistor Th2 arranged near the heater 3 . Specifically, in the present embodiment, the second temperature sensor 36 includes a resistor R2 and a second thermistor Th2 that are connected in series between a constant-voltage power source (denoted as “5V” in the drawing) and the ground, and is configured to output the terminal voltage V2 of the second thermistor Th2 to the microcomputer 40 as a voltage equivalent to the temperature of the heater 3.
　電圧センサ３７は、ヒータ３に印加される電圧を検知する。本実施形態において、電圧センサ３７は、高電圧電源（バッテリ）の出力側（電圧側）と接地側との間に直列に接続された分圧抵抗Ｒ３、Ｒ４を含み、接地側の抵抗Ｒ４の端子電圧Ｖ３を、ヒータ３に印加される電圧相当値としてマイコン４０に出力するように構成されている。 A voltage sensor 37 detects the voltage applied to the heater 3 . In this embodiment, the voltage sensor 37 includes voltage dividing resistors R3 and R4 connected in series between the output side (voltage side) of the high voltage power supply (battery) and the ground side, and is configured to output the terminal voltage V3 of the ground side resistor R4 to the microcomputer 40 as a value equivalent to the voltage applied to the heater 3.
　電流センサ３８は、第１のＩＧＢＴ３１、第２のＩＧＢＴ３２及びヒータ３に流れる電流を検知する。本実施形態において、電流センサ３８は、第２のＩＧＢＴ３２と高電圧電源（バッテリ）の接地側との間に設けられた抵抗Ｒ５と、抵抗Ｒ５の両端の電位差ΔＶを検出するオペアンプＯＰとを含み、オペアンプＯＰによって検出された電位差ΔＶを、第１のＩＧＢＴ３１、第２のＩＧＢＴ３２及びヒータ３に流れる電流相当値としてマイコン４０に出力するように構成されている。 The current sensor 38 detects currents flowing through the first IGBT 31 , the second IGBT 32 and the heater 3 . In the present embodiment, the current sensor 38 includes a resistor R5 provided between the second IGBT 32 and the ground side of the high-voltage power supply (battery), and an operational amplifier OP that detects a potential difference ΔV between both ends of the resistor R5.
　マイコン４０は、第１温度センサ３５から入力される第１サーミスタＴｈ１の端子電圧Ｖ１に基づき第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２の温度を検出し、第２温度センサ３６から入力される第２サーミスタＴｈ２の端子電圧Ｖ２に基づきヒータ３の温度を検出する。また、マイコン４０は、電圧センサ３７から入力される抵抗Ｒ４の端子電圧Ｖ３に基づきヒータ３に印加される電圧を検出し、抵抗Ｒ５の抵抗値ｒと、電流センサ３８から入力される抵抗Ｒ５の両端の電位差ΔＶとに基づき、第１のＩＧＢＴ３１、第２のＩＧＢＴ３２及びヒータ３に流れる電流（＝ΔＶ／ｒ）を検出する。 The microcomputer 40 detects the temperatures of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 based on the terminal voltage V1 of the first thermistor Th1 input from the first temperature sensor 35, and detects the temperature of the heater 3 based on the terminal voltage V2 of the second thermistor Th2 input from the second temperature sensor 36. Further, the microcomputer 40 detects the voltage applied to the heater 3 based on the terminal voltage V3 of the resistor R4 input from the voltage sensor 37, and detects the current (=ΔV/r) flowing through the first IGBT 31, the second IGBT 32, and the heater 3 based on the resistance value r of the resistor R5 and the potential difference ΔV across the resistor R5 input from the current sensor 38.
　なお、上記の第１温度センサ３５、第２温度センサ３６、電圧センサ３７、及び電流センサ３８は一例にすぎず、他の構成の第１温度センサ、第２温度センサ、電圧センサ３７及び電流センサ３８が用いられてもよい。 The first temperature sensor 35, the second temperature sensor 36, the voltage sensor 37, and the current sensor 38 are merely examples, and the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the voltage sensor 37, and the current sensor 38 having other configurations may be used.
　また、マイコン４０には、前記電動機駆動車両側からの要求が入力される。特に限定されないが、本実施形態においては、前記電動機駆動車両の車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０から出力された暖房要求及び電力消費要求がマイコン４０に入力されるようになっている。 In addition, a request from the motor-driven vehicle is input to the microcomputer 40 . Although not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, a heating request and a power consumption request output from the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 of the motor-driven vehicle are input to the microcomputer 40 .
　前記暖房要求は、車載暖房装置１０がオン状態になると、車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０からマイコン４０に出力される。特に限定されないが、本実施形態において、車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０は、設定された目標車室温度と実際の車室温度との差に基づいてヒータ３への目標出力電力を算出し、算出された目標出力電力を含む暖房要求をマイコン４０に出力するように構成されている。よって、車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０は、目標車室温度が変化したとき及び／実際の車室温度が変化したとき、すなわち、ヒータ３への目標出力電力が変化した場合にも暖房要求をマイコン４０に出力することができる。なお、本実施形態において、車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０は、車載暖房装置１０がオフ状態になると、暖房停止指示をマイコン４０に出力する（前記暖房要求の出力を停止することを含む）。 The heating request is output from the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 to the microcomputer 40 when the in-vehicle heating device 10 is turned on. Although not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 is configured to calculate the target output power to the heater 3 based on the difference between the set target cabin temperature and the actual cabin temperature, and output a heating request including the calculated target output power to the microcomputer 40. Therefore, the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 can output a heating request to the microcomputer 40 even when the target cabin temperature changes and/or when the actual cabin temperature changes, that is, when the target output power to the heater 3 changes. In this embodiment, the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 outputs a heating stop instruction to the microcomputer 40 (including stopping the output of the heating request) when the in-vehicle heating device 10 is turned off.
　前記電力消費要求は、主に前記バッテリを過充電から保護する必要がある場合に、車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０からマイコン４０に出力される。つまり、前記電力消費要求は、ヒータ３によって前記バッテリの電力を強制的に消費させる（前記バッテリの充電量を減少させる）ため、前記暖房要求とは無関係に出力される。また。前記電力消費要求は、廃電要求ということもできる。 The power consumption request is output from the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 to the microcomputer 40 mainly when it is necessary to protect the battery from overcharging. In other words, the power consumption request is output irrespective of the heating request because the heater 3 forces the power of the battery to be consumed (reduces the amount of charge in the battery). again. The power consumption request can also be called a power disposal request.
　本実施形態において、車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０は、前記バッテリの残容量（ＳＯＣ）が第１所定値以上である場合、又は、前記バッテリの残容量（ＳＯＣ）が第２所定値以上のときに前記回生制動が行われる場合に、前記電力消費要求をマイコン４０に出力するように構成されている。前記第２所定値は、前記第１所定値より大きい値に設定されるのが好ましいが、前記第１所定値と同じであってもよい。特に限定されないが、本実施形態において、車両制御装置（ＶＣＵ）５０は、ヒータ３によって消費させる電力値（以下「消費電力設定値」という）を含む前記電力消費要求をマイコン４０に出力するように構成されている。 In this embodiment, the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 is configured to output the power consumption request to the microcomputer 40 when the remaining battery capacity (SOC) is equal to or higher than a first predetermined value, or when the regenerative braking is performed when the remaining battery capacity (SOC) is equal to or higher than a second predetermined value. The second predetermined value is preferably set to a value greater than the first predetermined value, but may be the same as the first predetermined value. Although not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, the vehicle control unit (VCU) 50 is configured to output the power consumption request including the power value to be consumed by the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as "power consumption set value") to the microcomputer 40.
　マイコン４０は、前記各種のセンサからの信号及び／又は前記電動機駆動車両側からの要求に基づいてヒータ３（第１ヒータ３Ａ、第２ヒータ３Ｂ）への通電を制御する。具体的には、本実施形態において、マイコン４０は、ＰＷＭ（パルス幅変調）信号を生成し、生成されたＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力することで第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２をオン・オフ駆動し、これによって、ヒータ３（第１ヒータ３Ａ、第２ヒータ３Ｂ）への通電を制御するように構成されている。 The microcomputer 40 controls energization to the heaters 3 (first heater 3A, second heater 3B) based on signals from the various sensors and/or requests from the motor-driven vehicle. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal and outputs the generated PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 to turn on/off the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32, thereby controlling the energization of the heater 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B).
　以下、本実施形態におけるマイコン４０によるヒータ通電制御について説明する。 The heater energization control by the microcomputer 40 in this embodiment will be described below.
［通常制御］
　図３は、マイコン４０が暖房要求に基づいて行うヒータ通電制御（通常制御）の一例を示すフローチャートである。 [Normal control]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (normal control) performed by the microcomputer 40 based on a heating request.
　ステップＳ１において、マイコン４０は、暖房要求が入力されたか否かを判定し、暖房要求が入力されるとステップＳ２の処理に進む。 In step S1, the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a heating request has been input, and proceeds to step S2 when a heating request has been input.
　ステップＳ２において、マイコン４０は、ヒータ３に出力されている電力（以下「ヒータ出力電力」という）を算出する。具体的には、マイコン４０は、電圧センサ３７から入力される抵抗Ｒ４の端子電圧Ｖ３に基づいてヒータ３に印加されている電圧（以下「ヒータ電圧」という）を検出し、抵抗Ｒ５の抵抗値ｒと電流センサ３８から入力される抵抗Ｒ４の両端の電位差ΔＶとに基づいてヒータ３に流れている電流（以下「ヒータ電流」という）を算出する。そして、マイコン４０は、検出されたヒータ電圧と算出されたヒータ電流とを乗算してヒータ出力電力を算出する。 In step S2, the microcomputer 40 calculates the power output to the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as "heater output power"). Specifically, the microcomputer 40 detects the voltage applied to the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as "heater voltage") based on the terminal voltage V3 of the resistor R4 input from the voltage sensor 37, and calculates the current flowing through the heater 3 (hereinafter referred to as "heater current") based on the resistance value r of the resistor R5 and the potential difference ΔV across the resistor R4 input from the current sensor 38. Then, the microcomputer 40 calculates the heater output power by multiplying the detected heater voltage and the calculated heater current.
　ステップＳ３において、マイコン４０は、暖房要求に基づくＰＷＭ信号（以下「第１のＰＷＭ信号」という）を生成する。具体的には、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１（又はステップＳ５）で入力された暖房要求に含まれた目標出力電力、ステップＳ２で算出されたヒータ出力電力、及び、現在のデューティ比（デューティ比が０の場合を含む）に基づいて新たなデューティ比を算出することで第１のＰＷＭ信号を生成する。 In step S3, the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM signal (hereinafter referred to as "first PWM signal") based on the heating request. Specifically, the microcomputer 40 generates the first PWM signal by calculating a new duty ratio based on the target output power included in the heating request input in step S1 (or step S5), the heater output power calculated in step S2, and the current duty ratio (including the case where the duty ratio is 0).
　ステップＳ４において、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ３で生成された第１のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力する。 In step S4, the microcomputer 40 outputs the first PWM signal generated in step S3 to the IGBT driver 33.
　ステップＳ５において、マイコン４０は、新たな暖房要求が入力されたか否かを判定する。新たな暖房要求が入力された場合、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ２の処理に戻って、新たな第１のＰＷＭ信号の生成及び出力を行う。他方、新たな暖房要求が入力されない場合、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ６の処理に進む。 In step S5, the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a new heating request has been input. When a new heating request is input, the microcomputer 40 returns to step S2 to generate and output a new first PWM signal. On the other hand, if no new heating request is input, the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S6.
　ステップＳ６において、マイコン４０は、暖房停止指示が入力されたか否か（暖房要求がなくなったか否か）を判定する。暖房停止指示が入力された（暖房要求がなくなった）場合、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ７の処理に進み、第１のＰＷＭ信号の出力を停止してヒータ３への通電を停止する。この場合、デューティ比は０に設定される。他方、暖房停止指示が入力されない（暖房要求がなくなっていない）場合、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ４の処理に戻り、ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に対する第１のＰＷＭ信号の出力を継続する。 In step S6, the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a heating stop instruction has been input (whether or not there is no heating request). When the heating stop instruction is input (the heating request is no longer required), the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S7, stops outputting the first PWM signal, and stops energizing the heater 3. FIG. In this case, the duty ratio is set to zero. On the other hand, if the heating stop instruction is not input (the heating request has not disappeared), the microcomputer 40 returns to the process of step S4 and continues outputting the first PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 .
［電力消費（廃電）制御］
　図４は、マイコン４０が電力消費要求に基づいて行うヒータ通電制御（電力消費（廃電）制御）の一例を示すフローチャートである。 [Power consumption (waste power) control]
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of heater energization control (power consumption (waste power) control) performed by the microcomputer 40 based on the power consumption request.
　ステップＳ１１において、マイコン４０は、電力消費要求が入力されたか否かを判定し、電力消費要求が入力されるとステップＳ１２の処理に進む。 In step S11, the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a power consumption request has been input.If a power consumption request has been input, the process proceeds to step S12.
　ステップＳ１２において、マイコン４０は、図３のステップＳ２の処理と同様に、ヒータ出力電力、換言すれば、ヒータ３の現在の消費電力を算出する。 In step S12, the microcomputer 40 calculates the heater output power, in other words, the current power consumption of the heater 3, as in the process of step S2 in FIG.
　ステップＳ１３において、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１１で入力された電力消費要求に含まれた消費電力設定値が、ステップＳ１２で算出されたヒータ３の現在の消費電力よりも大きいか否かを判定する。消費電力設定値がヒータ３の現在の消費電力よりも大きい場合、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１４の処理に進む。他方、消費電力設定値がヒータ３の現在の消費電力以下である場合、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ２０の処理に進む。 In step S13, the microcomputer 40 determines whether the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request input in step S11 is greater than the current power consumption of the heater 3 calculated in step S12. If the power consumption set value is greater than the current power consumption of the heater 3, the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S14. On the other hand, if the power consumption set value is equal to or less than the current power consumption of the heater 3, the microcomputer 40 proceeds to the process of step S20.
　ステップＳ１４において、マイコン４０は、ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力しているＰＷＭ信号（すなわち、第１のＰＷＭ信号）の現在のデューティ比（デューティ比が０の場合を含む）を保存する。 In step S14, the microcomputer 40 saves the current duty ratio (including the case where the duty ratio is 0) of the PWM signal (that is, the first PWM signal) being output to the IGBT driver 33.
　ステップＳ１５において、マイコン４０は、電力消費要求に基づくＰＷＭ信号（以下「第２のＰＷＭ信号」という）を生成する。具体的には、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１１で入力された電力消費要求に含まれた消費電力設定値、ステップＳ１２で算出されたヒータ３の現在の消費電力、及び、現在のデューティ比に基づいて新たなデューティ比（＞現在のデューティ比）を算出することで第２のＰＷＭ信号を生成する。 In step S15, the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM signal (hereinafter referred to as "second PWM signal") based on the power consumption request. Specifically, the microcomputer 40 generates the second PWM signal by calculating a new duty ratio (>current duty ratio) based on the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request input in step S11, the current power consumption of the heater 3 calculated in step S12, and the current duty ratio.
　ステップＳ１６において、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１５で生成された第２のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力する。なお、マイコン４０は、すでに第１のＰＷＭ信号を出力している場合には、第１のＰＷＭ信号に代えて、ステップＳ１５で生成された第２のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力する。 In step S16, the microcomputer 40 outputs the second PWM signal generated in step S15 to the IGBT driver 33. When the microcomputer 40 has already output the first PWM signal, the microcomputer 40 outputs the second PWM signal generated in step S15 to the IGBT driver 33 instead of the first PWM signal.
　ステップＳ１７において、マイコン４０は、ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３への第２のＰＷＭ信号の出力開始から所定時間Ｔが経過したか否かを判定し、所定時間Ｔが経過するとステップＳ１８の処理に進む。所定時間Ｔは、任意に設定可能である。本実施形態において、所定時間Ｔは、デューティ比が１００％又はそれに近い値のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に所定時間Ｔ継続して出力した場合であっても、車室温度を実質的に変化させない短時間、すなわち、乗員が車室温度の変化に気づかない短時間に設定されている。特に限定されないが、本実施形態において、所定時間Ｔは、５秒以下、好ましくは２秒程度に設定されており、マイコン４０は、ＰＷＭ信号のキャリア周期をカウントすることで所定時間Ｔが経過したか否かを判定する。 In step S17, the microcomputer 40 determines whether or not a predetermined time T has elapsed since the start of outputting the second PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33. When the predetermined time T has elapsed, the process proceeds to step S18. The predetermined time T can be set arbitrarily. In this embodiment, the predetermined time T is set to a short period of time during which the passenger compartment temperature does not substantially change even if the PWM signal having a duty ratio of 100% or a value close to it is continuously output to the IGBT driver 33 for the predetermined period of time T, i.e., a short period of time during which the passenger does not notice the change in the vehicle compartment temperature. Although not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, the predetermined time T is set to 5 seconds or less, preferably about 2 seconds, and the microcomputer 40 counts the carrier cycle of the PWM signal to determine whether the predetermined time T has passed.
　ステップＳ１８において、マイコン４０は、第２のＰＷＭ信号の出力を停止する。これにより、暖房要求の有無にかかわらず、第２のＰＷＭ信号を少なくとも所定時間Ｔ継続してＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力する状態が確保される。 In step S18, the microcomputer 40 stops outputting the second PWM signal. This ensures a state in which the second PWM signal is continuously output to the IGBT driver 33 for at least the predetermined time T regardless of whether or not there is a heating request.
　ステップＳ１９において、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１４の処理で保存されたデューティ比を有するＰＷＭ信号を生成し、生成されたＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力する。好ましくは、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１４の処理で保存されたデューティ比を有するＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に複数キャリア周期分、例えば、２キャリア周期分、出力する。そして、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ１４の処理で保存されたデューティ比を有するＰＷＭ信号のＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に対する複数キャリア周期分の出力が完了すると、本フローを終了する。これにより、例えば、電力消費要求が入力されたときにすでに暖房要求に基づく前記通常制御が実施されていた場合、マイコン４０は、ヒータ通電制御を、前記電力消費（廃電）制御から前記通常制御へと速やかに且つ安定的に復帰させることができる。 In step S<b>19 , the microcomputer 40 generates a PWM signal having the duty ratio saved in step S<b>14 and outputs the generated PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 . Preferably, the microcomputer 40 outputs the PWM signal having the duty ratio saved in the process of step S14 to the IGBT driver 33 for a plurality of carrier cycles, for example, for two carrier cycles. When the output of the PWM signal having the duty ratio saved in step S14 to the IGBT driver 33 for a plurality of carrier cycles is completed, the microcomputer 40 ends this flow. As a result, for example, when the normal control based on the heating request is already being performed when the power consumption request is input, the microcomputer 40 can quickly and stably restore the heater energization control from the power consumption (discharge) control to the normal control.
　他方、ステップＳ１３の処理において、ステップＳ１１で入力された電力消費要求に含まれた消費電力設定値がヒータ３の現在の消費電力以以下である場合には、マイコン４０は、電力消費要求が入力された時点で、すでにデューティ比が比較的高い第１のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力していると考えられる。したがって、マイコン４０は、ステップＳ２０において、ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に対する第１のＰＷＭ信号の出力を継続する。つまり、暖房要求に基づく通常制御によってヒータ３が十分に電力を消費している場合には、マイコン４０は、電力消費要求が入力されても暖房要求に基づく通常制御を維持する（制御の切り替えを行わない）。 On the other hand, in the process of step S13, if the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request input in step S11 is equal to or less than the current power consumption of the heater 3, it is considered that the microcomputer 40 has already output the first PWM signal with a relatively high duty ratio to the IGBT driver 33 when the power consumption request is input. Therefore, the microcomputer 40 continues outputting the first PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 in step S20. In other words, when the heater 3 consumes sufficient power by normal control based on the heating request, the microcomputer 40 maintains the normal control based on the heating request even if the power consumption request is input (does not switch the control).
　そして、マイコン４０は、所定時間Ｔの経過を待ってから（ステップＳ２１）、本フローを終了する。これにより、電力消費要求が入力された直後に暖房停止指示が入力された（暖房要求がなくなった）ような場合でも、第１のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に少なくとも所定時間Ｔ出力する状態が確保される。 Then, the microcomputer 40 waits for the elapse of the predetermined time T (step S21), and then terminates this flow. As a result, even when a heating stop instruction is input (no heating request) immediately after a power consumption request is input, a state in which the first PWM signal is output to the IGBT driver 33 for at least a predetermined time T is ensured.
　なお、詳細な説明は省略するが、マイコン４０は、過熱保護などのため、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２の温度が所定値を超えたとき、ヒータ３の温度が所定値を超えたとき、ヒータ３に印加される電圧が所定値を超えたとき、又は、第１のＩＧＢＴ３１、第２のＩＧＢＴ３２及びヒータ３に流れる電流が所定値を超えたときには、ＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に対するＰＷＭ信号の出力を停止する。これにより、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２が強制的にＯＦＦとなり、ヒータ３への通電が停止される。この結果、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２及びヒータ３の過熱保護を図ることができる。 Although detailed description is omitted, the microcomputer 40 stops outputting the PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 for overheat protection when the temperature of the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 exceeds a predetermined value, when the temperature of the heater 3 exceeds a predetermined value, when the voltage applied to the heater 3 exceeds a predetermined value, or when the current flowing through the first IGBT 31, the second IGBT 32, and the heater 3 exceeds a predetermined value. . As a result, the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 are forcibly turned OFF, and power supply to the heater 3 is stopped. As a result, it is possible to protect the first and second IGBTs 31 and 32 and the heater 3 from overheating.
　次に、図５～図８を参照して熱媒体加熱装置１の一例の構成について説明する。図５は、熱媒体加熱装置１の一例の概略上面図であり、図６は、図５のＡ－Ａ断面図であり、図７は、図５のＢ－Ｂ概略断面図であり、図８は、図５のＣ－Ｃ断面図である。 Next, an example configuration of the heat medium heating device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8. FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of an example of the heat medium heating device 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG.
　熱媒体加熱装置１は、ハウジング２を有する。ハウジング２は、複数のハウジング部材（ここでは、第１ハウジング部材２Ａ、第２ハウジング部材２Ｂ、及び第３ハウジング部２Ｃ）が図示省略のボルトなどによって一体的に締結されて構成されている。 The heat medium heating device 1 has a housing 2 . The housing 2 is constructed by integrally fastening a plurality of housing members (here, a first housing member 2A, a second housing member 2B, and a third housing portion 2C) with bolts (not shown) or the like.
　ハウジング２は、内部に、ヒータ３（第１ヒータ３Ａ、第２ヒータ３Ｂ）を収容するヒータ収容室２１と、前記ヒータ制御装置（通電回路３０、マイコン４０）が実装された制御基板４を収容する基板収容室２２とを有する。本実施形態において、ヒータ収容室２１は、第１ハウジング部材２Ａと第２ハウジング部材２Ｂとが締結されることによって形成され、基板収容室２２は、第１ハウジング部材２Ａと第２ハウジング部材２Ｂとの締結体に対してさらに第３ハウジング部材２Ｃが締結されることによって形成されている。 The housing 2 has a heater housing chamber 21 that houses the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B), and a board housing chamber 22 that houses the control board 4 on which the heater control device (energization circuit 30, microcomputer 40) is mounted. In this embodiment, the heater housing chamber 21 is formed by fastening the first housing member 2A and the second housing member 2B together, and the substrate housing chamber 22 is formed by fastening the third housing member 2C to the fastening body of the first housing member 2A and the second housing member 2B.
　ヒータ収容室２１は、第１収容部２１Ａと、第２収容部２１Ｂと、第１収容部２１Ａと第２収容部２１Ｂを連通する連通部２１Ｃとを含む。第１収容部２１Ａと第２収容部２１Ｂとは、並列して設けられており、連通部２１Ｃは、第１収容部２１Ａと第２収容部２１Ｂとの間でこれらを連通している。そして、第１収容部２１Ａに第１ヒータ３Ａが収容され、第２収容部２１Ｂに第２ヒータ３Ｂが収容されている。 The heater accommodation chamber 21 includes a first accommodation portion 21A, a second accommodation portion 21B, and a communication portion 21C that communicates the first accommodation portion 21A and the second accommodation portion 21B. 21 A of 1st accommodating parts and the 2nd accommodating part 21B are provided in parallel, 21 C of communication parts connect these between 21 A of 1st accommodating parts, and the 2nd accommodating part 21B. The first heater 3A is accommodated in the first accommodation portion 21A, and the second heater 3B is accommodated in the second accommodation portion 21B.
　本実施形態において、第１ヒータ３Ａ及び第２ヒータ３Ｂは、略円柱状の外形を有している。第１収容部２１Ａ及び第２収容部２１Ｂは、第１ヒータ３Ａ及び第２ヒータ３Ｂよりも大径の略円柱状の空間として形成されている。したがって、第１収容部２１Ａの内面と第１ヒータ３Ａの外面との間には第１環状空間が形成され、第２収容部２１Ｂの内面と第２ヒータ３Ｂの外面との間には第２環状空間が形成されている。そして、これら第１、第２環状空間は、連通部２１Ｃを介して連通している。 In this embodiment, the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B have a substantially cylindrical outer shape. The first housing portion 21A and the second housing portion 21B are formed as substantially cylindrical spaces having a larger diameter than the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B. Therefore, a first annular space is formed between the inner surface of the first accommodating portion 21A and the outer surface of the first heater 3A, and a second annular space is formed between the inner surface of the second accommodating portion 21B and the outer surface of the second heater 3B. These first and second annular spaces communicate with each other through a communicating portion 21C.
　また、ハウジング２は、ヒータ収容室２１に熱媒体を流入させる流入口２３と、熱媒体をヒータ収容室２１から流出させる流出口２４とを有する。流入口２３は、ヒータ収容室２１（第１収容部２１Ａ）の長手方向の一方側に熱媒体を流入させるように形成され、流出口２４は、ヒータ収容室２１（第１収容部２１Ａ）の長手方向の他方側から熱媒体を流出させるように形成されている。本実施形態において、流入口２３と流出口２４とは、ハウジング２の同じ側面に設けられている。しかし、これに限られるものではなく、流入口２３と流出口２４とがハウジング２の異なる側面に形成されてもよい。 Further, the housing 2 has an inlet 23 through which the heat medium flows into the heater housing chamber 21 and an outlet 24 through which the heat medium flows out of the heater housing chamber 21 . The inflow port 23 is formed to allow the heat medium to flow into one side of the heater housing chamber 21 (first housing portion 21A) in the longitudinal direction, and the outflow port 24 is formed to flow the heat medium out of the other side of the heater housing chamber 21 (first housing portion 21A) in the longitudinal direction. In this embodiment, the inlet 23 and the outlet 24 are provided on the same side surface of the housing 2 . However, it is not limited to this, and the inflow port 23 and the outflow port 24 may be formed on different sides of the housing 2 .
　ヒータ収容室２１、流入口２３及び流出口２４は、ハウジング２内における熱媒体流路を構成しており、この熱媒体流路は、熱媒体循環路１１の一部を構成する。つまり、熱媒体循環路１１を流れる熱媒体は、流入口２３を介してヒータ収容室２１に流入し、ヒータ収容室２１を流れた後、流出口２４を介してヒータ収容室２１から流出するようになっている。そして、熱媒体は、ヒータ収容室２１を流れる際、さらに言えば、主に前記第１環状空間及び前記第２環状空間を流れる際に、ヒータ３（第１ヒータ３Ａ、第２ヒータ３Ｂ）によって加熱される。 The heater housing chamber 21 , the inlet 23 and the outlet 24 constitute a heat medium flow path within the housing 2 , and this heat medium flow path constitutes a part of the heat medium circulation path 11 . That is, the heat medium flowing through the heat medium circulation path 11 flows into the heater accommodation chamber 21 through the inlet 23 , flows through the heater accommodation chamber 21 , and then flows out of the heater accommodation chamber 21 through the outlet 24 . The heat medium is heated by the heaters 3 (the first heater 3A and the second heater 3B) when flowing through the heater housing chamber 21, and more particularly when flowing mainly through the first annular space and the second annular space.
　基板収容室２２は、壁部２５を挟んでヒータ収容室２１に隣接して設けられている。具体的には、ハウジング２内において、基板収容室２２は、壁部２５によってヒータ収容室２１と区画されており、壁部２５の一方側（下側）にヒータ収容室２１が配置され、壁部２５の他方側（上側）に基板収容室２２が配置されている。換言すれば、壁部２５は、ヒータ収容室２１の一部を画定すると共に、基板収容室２２の一部を画定している。 The substrate storage chamber 22 is provided adjacent to the heater storage chamber 21 with the wall portion 25 interposed therebetween. Specifically, in the housing 2, the substrate storage chamber 22 is separated from the heater storage chamber 21 by the wall portion 25, the heater storage chamber 21 is arranged on one side (lower side) of the wall portion 25, and the substrate storage chamber 22 is arranged on the other side (upper side) of the wall portion 25. In other words, the wall portion 25 defines a portion of the heater housing chamber 21 and a portion of the substrate housing chamber 22 .
　基板収容室２２内には、制御基板４を取り付けるための複数（ここでは４つ）の基板取付部２６が設けられている。本実施形態において、複数の基板取付部２６は、壁部２５に設けられている。具体的には、複数の基板取付部２６のそれぞれは、壁部２５から前記他方側（上側）に突出するボス状に形成されており、上面にねじ穴（図示省略）が形成されている。 A plurality of (here, four) board mounting portions 26 for mounting the control board 4 are provided in the board housing chamber 22 . In this embodiment, the plurality of board mounting portions 26 are provided on the wall portion 25 . Specifically, each of the plurality of board mounting portions 26 is formed in a boss shape protruding from the wall portion 25 to the other side (upper side), and a screw hole (not shown) is formed on the upper surface.
　実施形態に係る熱媒体加熱装置１によれば以下の効果が得られる。 According to the heat medium heating device 1 according to the embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
　実施形態に係る熱媒体加熱装置１は、通電により発熱して熱媒体を加熱するヒータ３（３Ａ、３Ｂ）と、ヒータ３への通電回路３０に設けられてヒータ３への通電をオン・オフ可能な第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２（スイッチング素子）と、第１及び第２のＩＧＢＴ３１、３２をオン・オフ駆動するＩＧＢＴドライバ３３（ドライバ）と、暖房要求に基づく第１のＰＷＭ信号を生成してＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に出力することで車室暖房のためにヒータ３への通電を制御するマイコン４０（制御部）とを含む。また、マイコン４０は、電力消費要求を入力すると、そのときの第１のＰＷＭ信号のデューティ比を保存し、電力消費要求に基づく第２のＰＷＭ信号を生成し、及び第１のＰＷＭ信号に代えて第２のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に所定時間Ｔ出力し、これによって、ヒータ３によって前記バッテリの電力を消費する。ここで、所定時間Ｔは、車室温度を実質的に変化させないよう５秒以下の短時間に設定されている。 The heat medium heating device 1 according to the embodiment includes heaters 3 (3A, 3B) that generate heat when energized to heat the heat medium, first and second IGBTs 31, 32 (switching elements) that are provided in an energization circuit 30 to the heater 3 and that can turn on and off the energization of the heater 3, an IGBT driver 33 (driver) that drives the first and second IGBTs 31, 32 on and off, and a first PWM signal based on a heating request to generate an IGB. and a microcomputer 40 (controller) that controls energization of the heater 3 for heating the passenger compartment by outputting to the T driver 33 . Further, when a power consumption request is input, the microcomputer 40 saves the duty ratio of the first PWM signal at that time, generates a second PWM signal based on the power consumption request, and outputs the second PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 for a predetermined time instead of the first PWM signal, thereby consuming the power of the battery by the heater 3. Here, the predetermined time T is set to a short time of 5 seconds or less so as not to substantially change the vehicle interior temperature.
　このため、電力消費要求に応じた電力消費を可能としつつ、車室温度制御の安定性が低下することが抑制され得る。 Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the stability of the passenger compartment temperature control while enabling power consumption according to the power consumption request.
　また、電力消費要求は、ヒータ３によって消費させる電力としての消費電力設定値を含み、マイコンは、電力消費要求を入力すると、そのときのヒータ３の消費電力と電力消費要求に含まれた消費電力設定値とを比較し、そのときのヒータ３の消費電力が消費電力設定値よりも低い場合に、第２のＰＷＭ信号を生成し、第１のＰＷＭ信号に代えて第２のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に所定時間Ｔだけ出力する。他方、マイコン４０は、そのときのヒータ３の消費電力が消費電力設定値以上である場合、第１のＰＷＭ信号をＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に少なくとも所定時間Ｔ継続して出力する状態を確保する。このため、電力消費要求に応じた電力消費を可能としつつ、制御の切り替えが抑制されて車室温度制御の安定性が低下することがさらに抑制され得る。 In addition, the power consumption request includes a power consumption set value as the power to be consumed by the heater 3, and when the power consumption request is input, the microcomputer compares the power consumption of the heater 3 at that time with the power consumption set value included in the power consumption request, generates a second PWM signal when the power consumption of the heater 3 at that time is lower than the power consumption set value, and outputs the second PWM signal to the IGBT driver 33 for a predetermined time T instead of the first PWM signal. On the other hand, when the power consumption of the heater 3 at that time is equal to or higher than the power consumption set value, the microcomputer 40 ensures a state in which the first PWM signal is continuously output to the IGBT driver 33 for at least a predetermined time T. For this reason, it is possible to further suppress the deterioration in the stability of the passenger compartment temperature control due to the suppression of control switching, while enabling the power consumption according to the power consumption request.
　また、マイコン４０は、所定時間Ｔの経過後、第２のＰＷＭ信号の出力を停止し、保存されたデューティ比を有するＰＷＭ信号を生成してＩＧＢＴドライバ３３に複数キャリア周期分出力する。このため、電力消費（廃電）制御から通常制御への復帰が滑らかに行われると共に、復帰時に車室温度制御の安定性が損なわれることも抑制され得る。 Also, after the predetermined time T has elapsed, the microcomputer 40 stops outputting the second PWM signal, generates a PWM signal having the saved duty ratio, and outputs it to the IGBT driver 33 for a plurality of carrier cycles. Therefore, the power consumption (waste of electricity) control is smoothly returned to the normal control, and it is possible to prevent the stability of the vehicle interior temperature control from being impaired at the time of the return.
　以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想に基づいてさらなる変形が可能であることはもちろんである。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that further modifications are possible based on the technical concept of the present invention.
　１…熱媒体加熱装置、３…ヒータ、３Ａ…第１ヒータ、３Ｂ…第２ヒータ、３０…ヒータへの通電回路、３１…第１のＩＧＢＴ（スイッチング素子）、３２…第２のＩＧＢＴ（スイッチング素子）、３３…ＩＧＢＴドライバ（ドライバ）、３７…電圧センサ、３８…電流センサ、４０…マイコン（制御部）、５０…車両制御装置ＶＣＵ 1...heat medium heating device, 3...heater, 3A...first heater, 3B...second heater, 30...energizing circuit to heater, 31...first IGBT (switching element), 32...second IGBT (switching element), 33...IGBT driver (driver), 37...voltage sensor, 38...current sensor, 40...microcomputer (control section), 50...vehicle control unit VCU

Claims (6)

  1. 　車両に搭載されて車室暖房用の熱媒体を加熱する熱媒体加熱装置であって、
    　通電により発熱して前記熱媒体を加熱するヒータと、
    　前記ヒータへの通電回路に設けられて通電をオン・オフ可能なスイッチング素子と、
    　前記スイッチング素子をオン・オフ駆動するドライバと、
    　暖房要求に基づく第１のＰＷＭ信号を生成して前記ドライバに出力することで前記ヒータへの通電を制御する制御部と、
    　を含み、
    　前記制御部は、電力消費要求を入力すると、そのときの前記第１のＰＷＭ信号のデューティ比を保存し、前記電力消費要求に基づく第２のＰＷＭ信号を生成し、及び前記第１のＰＷＭ信号に代えて前記第２のＰＷＭ信号を前記ドライバに所定時間出力する、
    　熱媒体加熱装置。     A heat medium heating device that is mounted on a vehicle and heats a heat medium for heating a passenger compartment,
    a heater that generates heat when energized to heat the heat medium;
    a switching element provided in a circuit for energizing the heater and capable of turning on and off the energization;
    a driver that drives the switching element on and off;
    a control unit that controls energization of the heater by generating a first PWM signal based on a heating request and outputting it to the driver;
    including
    When the power consumption request is input, the control unit stores the duty ratio of the first PWM signal at that time, generates a second PWM signal based on the power consumption request, and outputs the second PWM signal to the driver for a predetermined time instead of the first PWM signal.
    Heat medium heating device.
  2. 　前記電力消費要求は、前記ヒータによって消費させる消費電力設定値を含み、
    　前記制御部は、前記電力消費要求を入力すると、そのときの前記ヒータの消費電力と前記消費電力設定値とを比較し、前記ヒータの消費電力が前記消費電力設定値よりも低い場合に、前記第２のＰＷＭ信号を生成し、前記第１のＰＷＭ信号に代えて前記第２のＰＷＭ信号を前記ドライバに所定時間出力する、
    　請求項１に記載の熱媒体加熱装置。     the power consumption request includes a power consumption set value to be consumed by the heater;
    When the power consumption request is input, the control unit compares the power consumption of the heater at that time with the power consumption set value, and if the power consumption of the heater is lower than the power consumption set value, generates the second PWM signal, and outputs the second PWM signal to the driver instead of the first PWM signal for a predetermined time.
    The heat medium heating device according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記制御部は、前記ヒータの消費電力が前記消費電力設定値以上である場合、前記第２のＰＷＭ信号を生成することなく、前記第１のＰＷＭ信号を前記ドライバに少なくとも前記所定時間出力する状態を確保する、
    　請求項２に記載の熱媒体加熱装置。     When the power consumption of the heater is equal to or greater than the power consumption set value, the control unit ensures a state in which the first PWM signal is output to the driver for at least the predetermined time without generating the second PWM signal.
    The heat medium heating device according to claim 2.
  4. 　前記制御部は、前記所定時間の経過後、前記第２のＰＷＭ信号の出力を停止し、保存されたデューティ比を有するＰＷＭ信号を生成して前記ドライバに複数キャリア周期分出力する、請求項１～３のいずれか一つに記載の熱媒体加熱装置。 The heat medium heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit stops outputting the second PWM signal after the predetermined time has elapsed, generates a PWM signal having a saved duty ratio, and outputs the PWM signal to the driver for a plurality of carrier cycles.
  5. 　前記所定時間は、車室温度を実質的に変化させないよう５秒以下の短時間に設定されている、請求項１～４のいずれか一つに記載の熱媒体加熱装置。 The heat medium heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the predetermined time is set to a short period of 5 seconds or less so as not to substantially change the temperature of the vehicle compartment.
  6. 　前記車両は、電動機の駆動力で走行可能であり且つ回生制動で得られた回生電力を蓄電装置に充電するように構成された電動機駆動車両であり、
    　前記電力消費要求は、前記蓄電装置の残容量が所定値以下の場合、又は前記蓄電装置の残容量が所定値以下ときに前記回生制動が行われる場合に前記車両側から前記制御部に出力される、
    　請求項１～５に記載の熱媒体加熱装置。     The vehicle is an electric-motor-driven vehicle configured to be able to run with the driving force of the electric motor and to charge a power storage device with regenerative electric power obtained by regenerative braking,
    The power consumption request is output from the vehicle to the control unit when the remaining capacity of the power storage device is equal to or less than a predetermined value, or when the regenerative braking is performed when the remaining capacity of the power storage device is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
    A heat medium heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
PCT/JP2023/000928 2022-01-21 2023-01-16 Heat medium heating device WO2023140201A1 (en)

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