WO2023138949A1 - Underwater vehicle for destroying naval mines - Google Patents
Underwater vehicle for destroying naval mines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023138949A1 WO2023138949A1 PCT/EP2023/050429 EP2023050429W WO2023138949A1 WO 2023138949 A1 WO2023138949 A1 WO 2023138949A1 EP 2023050429 W EP2023050429 W EP 2023050429W WO 2023138949 A1 WO2023138949 A1 WO 2023138949A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- funnel
- detonator
- underwater vehicle
- igniter
- explosive
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B19/00—Marine torpedoes, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines; Sea mines having self-propulsion means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
- F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
- F42C14/04—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for torpedoes, marine mines or depth charges
- F42C14/045—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for torpedoes, marine mines or depth charges having electric igniters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/0838—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
- F42C19/0842—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed within a warhead, for multiple mode selection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/095—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed around a warhead, one of the primers or detonators being selected for directional detonation effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63G2007/005—Unmanned autonomously operating mine sweeping vessels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
- B63G2008/002—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned
- B63G2008/004—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned autonomously operating
Definitions
- the invention relates to the destruction of sea mines by means of a shaped charge on an underwater vehicle.
- Underwater vehicles can be equipped with a shaped charge for destroying sea mines, with which the sea mine can be destroyed.
- the shaped charge is typically ignited using an impact initiator. In this case, when the sea mine is destroyed, the underwater vehicle is also destroyed.
- the shaped charge is used to safely destroy the sea mine with a large, localized impact of energy by detonating the sea mine. This is called sympathetic ignition.
- the sea mine should not be detonated, but should nevertheless be rendered harmless. This can be the case, for example, if the sea mine is close to infrastructure, such as a bridge pier, a gas line or a telecommunications line.
- the goal may be to destroy only the electronics of the sea mine. For example, a hole is ripped in the sea mine's hull, allowing water to enter the sea mine and destroying the electronics, but without detonating the sea mine's explosives. It is not possible to destroy such sea mines with the known shaped charges used on underwater vehicles.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to create an improved concept for destroying sea mines.
- Exemplary embodiments show an underwater vehicle for destroying sea mines.
- the underwater vehicle has a shaped charge and a control unit.
- the shaped charge includes a funnel, explosives, and two igniters (ie, a first igniter and a second igniter).
- a funnel is a cone or a cone-shaped object that is not solid but only has a lateral surface and optionally a top surface.
- a (hollow) cone or a (hollow) truncated cone is suitable as a funnel.
- the base area and/or optionally the top area of the funnel are typically not material, but result from a connection of the respective ends of the lateral area. In other words, the base area and/or optionally the top area of the funnel are typically not physically present, but only virtually. However, the top surface can also be physically present.
- the explosive is arranged around the lateral surface of the funnel.
- the explosive encloses the entire lateral surface directed outwards.
- the first igniter is located at a tapered end of the funnel. This means that the first igniter is located at the tip or the top surface of the funnel.
- the second igniter is spaced from the first igniter. That is, the second igniter is in a different position relative to the funnel than the first igniter, and both igniters are not directly adjacent. Accordingly, the shaped charge corresponds to known shaped charges, supplemented by the second igniter.
- the control unit optionally controls the first detonator in order to detonate the explosive at the tapered end of the funnel and to obtain a directed blast.
- the control unit controls the second detonator to detonate the explosive at the location where the second detonator is located.
- both detonators can be triggered automatically or by remote detonation.
- Automatic ignition occurs, for example, at the onset of a predetermined event. For example, it is possible for an impact of the underwater vehicle to be detected.
- the detector for detecting the impact can generate an electrical signal and the control unit can then based control the first igniter on the electrical signal.
- a condition can be stored in the control unit under which the first detonator may trigger, for example to prevent unwanted detonation.
- a fuze may be referred to as an electronic impact fuze.
- the first detonator is designed to detonate upon impact of the underwater vehicle in order to detonate the explosive at the tapered end of the funnel and to obtain a directed detonation. This means that the first detonator can be detonated by the underwater vehicle impacting the mine.
- the control unit drives the second detonator to detonate the explosive at the location where the second detonator is located. In this case one can speak of a mechanical impact fuze.
- the idea is, in addition to the known ignition of the hollow charge at the tapered end, which makes the hollow charge so effective because of its detonation directed through the funnel, to provide a further ignition point of the explosive of the hollow charge.
- the second point of initiation results in a different type of blast than the through-the-funnel blast.
- this other type of detonation by the second detonator less energy impinges on the sea mine, ie when the shaped charge is detonated by the first detonator.
- the second detonator is arranged in such a way that the detonation of the explosive results in a diffuse detonation.
- Diffuse blasting is also known as a blast. This is advantageous in order to distribute the entire energy of the explosive in the shaped charge over the largest possible area in space. The energy which still impinges on the sea mine can be adjusted by the distance between the underwater vehicle and the sea mine.
- the second igniter is arranged within a projection of the lateral surface.
- the projection takes place in a plane parallel to a central axis of the funnel.
- the second igniter is spaced from the first igniter.
- the central axis of the funnel is the straight line that connects the center point of the base with the tip or the center point of the top surface connects. This arrangement of the igniter is one way of achieving diffuse detonation of the shaped charge.
- the second igniter is advantageously arranged within a projection of the lateral surface in such a way that the second igniter is at a distance of at least 10%, in particular at least 20% or at least 30%, of a height of the funnel from the tapered end of the funnel and optionally also from the base of the funnel, so that the second igniter is arranged at a distance from the first igniter.
- the starting point for measuring the distance to the tapered end of the funnel can be the tip or the center point of the top surface of the funnel.
- the Euclidean distance can be viewed as the distance. However, only the component of the Euclidean distance that is perpendicular to the base of the funnel is preferably regarded as the distance.
- the height of the funnel is considered to be the distance (or distance) between the center of the base and the tip or the center of the top surface.
- the second igniter is part of a plurality of igniters which are each arranged at a distance from the first igniter. This can be viewed as the shaped charge having a plurality of second igniters.
- the control unit controls the igniters of the plurality of igniters in a time-predetermined order. This also means that the igniters of the plurality of igniters can be activated simultaneously. Firing the detonators in a predetermined time sequence is advantageous in order to detonate the explosive in a predetermined form. For example, a directional effect can be generated. With two ignition points, the directivity results, for example, perpendicularly to a line connecting the two ignition points.
- the igniters of the plurality of igniters are preferably arranged equidistantly. In this case, there is no preferred direction of the blast triggered by the arrangement of the detonators.
- the igniters of the plurality of igniters may be arranged in a plane that is parallel to a base of the funnel. In other words, the igniters of the plurality of igniters are arranged laterally circumferentially in the plane. In one embodiment, two igniters can be arranged symmetrically in the plane.
- the igniters of the plurality of igniters are preferably arranged within a projection of the lateral surface in such a way that the igniters of the plurality of igniters are at a distance of at least 10%, in particular at least 20% or at least 30%, from a height of the funnel to a base area and the tapered end of the funnel, so that the igniters of the plurality of igniters are arranged at a distance from the first igniter.
- this exemplary embodiment has already been explained for the second igniter.
- the first and the second igniter, and optionally, i.e. in exemplary embodiments with a plurality of igniters, also the further igniters of the plurality of igniters are electrical igniters.
- the control unit is designed to output an electrical signal in order to control either the first igniter or the second igniter and the optional further igniters. This is advantageous in order to allow a controlled alternative (rather than simultaneous) triggering of the two detonators.
- a method for destroying sea mines by means of a shaped charge arranged on an underwater vehicle comprising a funnel and explosives which are arranged around a lateral surface of the funnel.
- the method includes navigating the submersible to a detonation position. Depending on a desired explosive effect, (either) a) the explosive is detonated at a tapered end of the funnel, or b) the explosive is detonated at a point other than the tapered end of the funnel.
- the underwater vehicle hits the sea mine with a nose for step a).
- the impact of the nose of the submersible on the sea mine triggers the detonation of the explosive at the tapered end of the funnel.
- the explosives are ignited according to step a) automatically or remotely when the underwater vehicle is aligned with the sea mine in such a way that a projection of the first detonator is directed through a center point of a base area of the funnel onto the sea mine.
- the underwater vehicle drives for step b) up to a predetermined distance corridor to the sea mine.
- the explosives are detonated automatically or remotely.
- 1 a schematic sectional view of an underwater vehicle with a shaped charge.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an underwater vehicle 20.
- the section is made through a longitudinal axis of the underwater vehicle 20.
- a shaped charge 22 is arranged in the underwater vehicle 20.
- FIG. Sea mines can be destroyed by means of the shaped charge 22 .
- the shaped charge 22 comprises a funnel 24, explosives 26 and a first igniter 28 and a second igniter 30.
- the explosive is arranged around a lateral surface 32 of the funnel.
- the funnel in the exemplary embodiment shown consists only of the lateral surface 32 .
- a cover surface it is also possible, for example, for a cover surface to be provided on the tapered end of the funnel 24 .
- the watercraft 20 includes a control unit 34.
- the control unit 34 can control the second detonator 30 in order to detonate the explosive 26 at the point at which the second detonator 30 is arranged.
- a preferably electrical connection 36 is provided for controlling the second igniter 30 .
- the control unit 34 can also control the first detonator 28 in order to detonate the explosive 26 at the tapered end of the funnel 24 .
- the optional, preferably electrical, connection 38 is provided for controlling the first igniter 28 .
- the control unit 34 can automatically activate the first and/or the second igniter 28, 30.
- the control unit 34 can receive the command to activate the first and/or the second detonator 28, 30 remotely.
- the underwater vehicle can be connected to a command center, e.g. a ship, with a cable, for example an optical waveguide.
- Switching between the activation of the first igniter and the second igniter is represented by a stylized switch 44 .
- the switch 44 can switch between the illustrated position for igniting the second sensor 30 and a position for igniting the first sensor 28 as shown by the double arrow 46 .
- the switching option by means of an impact fuse is optional.
- the first igniter 28 can be designed to ignite when the underwater vehicle 20 impacts.
- the igniter 28 can be designed as a mechanical impact igniter.
- a sensor eg mechanically or as a proximity sensor
- the control unit 34 triggers the first sensor 28 .
- no mechanical impact fuze is necessary to achieve the same effect.
- the latter has the advantage that the ignition can be enabled by another parameter (e.g. ignition permitted/ignition not permitted) in the control unit. This makes it possible to prevent unwanted ignition.
- Firing of the first igniter 28 results in the known directional blast (eg, in the form of a cumulative metal jet) from the tapered end of the funnel through the center of the base of the funnel. That is, the effect of the blast runs along the double arrow 40, which indicates the height of the funnel 24. Furthermore, the double arrow 40 also lies on the central axis of the funnel 24.
- the shaped charge 22 can have a hood 42.
- Firing the second detonator results in a different blast.
- diffuse detonation takes place within a projection of the lateral surface in a plane parallel to the central axis of the funnel.
- This explosion is also referred to as a blast.
- the plane into which the projection takes place lies, for example, on the outside of the explosive.
- the explosive can have a rotationally symmetrical, in particular cylindrical, lateral surface.
- a further (second) igniter is also shown as an option.
- the second igniter is then part of a plurality of igniters. It is therefore possible, for example, to use two or more additional detonators. The description for the second detonator applies analogously to the other detonators.
- a further, in particular electrical, connection 36 ′ is shown between the further igniter 48 and the control unit 34 .
- the underwater vehicle can have waterborne sound transducers for orientation.
- the underwater vehicle can have a camera for orientation.
- the underwater vehicle can have waterborne sound transducers to identify the sea mine.
- the underwater vehicle can have a camera for orientation.
- the same waterborne sound converters or the same camera can be used for orientation and/or identification of the sea mine. Both the camera and the hydrophone are not shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of clarity.
- the (water) sound transducers disclosed are designed for use under water, in particular in the sea.
- the sound converters can convert waterborne sound into an electrical signal corresponding to the sound pressure (eg voltage or current), the waterborne sound signal.
- it is possible for the sound converters to be able to convert an applied electrical voltage into waterborne sound.
- the sound converters can be used as waterborne sound receivers and/or as waterborne sound transmitters.
- the sound transducers can have a piezoelectric material, for example a piezoceramic, as the sensory material.
- the sound converters can be used for (active and/or passive) sonar (sound navigation and ranging, dl: sound navigation and distance determination).
- the sound converters are preferably not suitable for medical applications or are not used for medical applications.
- aspects have been described in the context of a device, it is understood that these aspects also represent a description of the corresponding method, so that a block or a component of a device is also to be understood as a corresponding method step or as a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in connection with or as a method step also constitute a description of a corresponding block or detail or feature of a corresponding device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2023210031A AU2023210031A1 (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2023-01-10 | Underwater vehicle for destroying naval mines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102022200703.4 | 2022-01-21 | ||
DE102022200703.4A DE102022200703A1 (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Underwater vehicle for destroying sea mines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023138949A1 true WO2023138949A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
Family
ID=84982277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2023/050429 WO2023138949A1 (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2023-01-10 | Underwater vehicle for destroying naval mines |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2023210031A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102022200703A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2023138949A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3995574A (en) * | 1974-07-29 | 1976-12-07 | Drimmer Bernard E | Dynamic method for enhancing effects of underwater explosions |
EP2489588A1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-22 | ATLAS Elektronik GmbH | Unmanned submarine, interchangeable body that can be attached to it, system comprising the unmanned submarine and the interchangeable body and method for operating an unmanned submarine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3625967A1 (en) | 1986-07-31 | 1988-02-11 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | IGNITION FOR A PROJECT-FORMING LOAD |
US5939663A (en) | 1996-02-14 | 1999-08-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method for dispersing a jet from a shaped charge liner via multiple detonators |
DE10161212A1 (en) | 2001-01-27 | 2002-08-29 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Controlled detonation charge ignition for underwater drone, involves using detonator on rotor pivotable from safety to ignition position, ignition electronics are supplied energy via a pyrotechnical device |
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2022
- 2022-01-21 DE DE102022200703.4A patent/DE102022200703A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-01-10 AU AU2023210031A patent/AU2023210031A1/en active Pending
- 2023-01-10 WO PCT/EP2023/050429 patent/WO2023138949A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3995574A (en) * | 1974-07-29 | 1976-12-07 | Drimmer Bernard E | Dynamic method for enhancing effects of underwater explosions |
EP2489588A1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-22 | ATLAS Elektronik GmbH | Unmanned submarine, interchangeable body that can be attached to it, system comprising the unmanned submarine and the interchangeable body and method for operating an unmanned submarine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102022200703A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
AU2023210031A1 (en) | 2024-04-11 |
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