WO2023137773A1 - 一种微小零件表面改性的装置 - Google Patents

一种微小零件表面改性的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023137773A1
WO2023137773A1 PCT/CN2022/073621 CN2022073621W WO2023137773A1 WO 2023137773 A1 WO2023137773 A1 WO 2023137773A1 CN 2022073621 W CN2022073621 W CN 2022073621W WO 2023137773 A1 WO2023137773 A1 WO 2023137773A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roll
module
vibrating plate
surface modification
working cavity
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PCT/CN2022/073621
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周王凡
杨宇
任旭东
叶云霞
童照鹏
陈兰
李永健
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江苏大学
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Application filed by 江苏大学 filed Critical 江苏大学
Priority to GB2319351.9A priority Critical patent/GB2621965A/en
Publication of WO2023137773A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023137773A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/005—Vibratory devices, e.g. for generating abrasive blasts by ultrasonic vibrations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of material surface modification, in particular to a device for modifying the surface of tiny parts.
  • Micro-miniature mechanical products have great application prospects in the fields of biomedicine, aerospace, national defense and high-tech electronic products.
  • Metal tiny parts in micro-miniature mechanical products, such as micro-gears and micro-switches as the main load-carrying parts, are usually subjected to alternating loads such as heat and force, which are prone to wear and fatigue damage, resulting in product failure.
  • the development of the application of micro-mechanical products puts forward higher requirements on the surface quality, wear resistance and fatigue resistance of micro-structure parts.
  • micro-miniature parts used in medicine often require surfaces to be cleaned, matted, matted, enhanced adhesion, deburred or textured, etc.
  • the metal surface strong plastic deformation method can realize the surface modification of the material without introducing other elements, and the interface transition between the modified layer and the substrate is uniform, and there are no defects such as pores and pollution.
  • Surface strong plastic deformation methods mainly include shot blasting, sandblasting, and surface ultrasonic grinding.
  • the above methods usually use larger-sized projectiles to hammer the surface of the material, and a single projectile may be too large to be suitable for surface modification of small and small parts.
  • Laser shock peening technology also known as laser peening technology, is a high-energy nanosecond pulse laser-induced shock wave to modify the surface of materials, resulting in residual compressive stress and microstructure refinement, thereby improving the service performance of materials.
  • the laser shock peening technology generally uses a spot diameter of millimeters, and the single pulse energy is too large; while the small spot laser shock peening technology cannot use a protective layer, and there is a certain thermal effect, which is not suitable for surface modification of small and small parts.
  • the prior art discloses a surface strengthening device based on the impact of laser-driven microparticles, which uses laser-induced plasma to drive PDMS membranes to push small particles to impact the target at high speed, causing plastic deformation on the surface of the target to achieve surface strengthening treatment.
  • the intensive plastic deformation strengthening of the metal surface requires the accumulation of plastic deformation on the surface, and the strengthened surface cannot form a dense strengthening layer.
  • the present invention provides a device for modifying the surface of tiny parts, which utilizes a high-energy nanosecond pulsed laser to induce shock waves to act on the vibrating plate, and the vibrating plate drives tiny projectiles to continuously hammer the surface of the tiny parts to achieve modification treatment.
  • the device has a simple structure and good reliability.
  • the present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical purpose through the following technical means.
  • a device for surface modification of tiny parts including a strengthening module, a roll-to-roll vibrating plate module, a water delivery module and a laser module.
  • the strengthening module includes a shell and projectiles, the shell is provided with a working cavity, one end of the working cavity is installed with a movable vibrating plate, a number of projectiles are evenly placed on the vibrating plate, and the workpiece to be strengthened is installed in the other end of the working cavity; the roll-to-roll vibrating plate module is used to drive the vibrating plate to move; the water supply module is used to form a constrained layer on one side of the vibrating plate; Shots are used to impact the workpiece to be strengthened.
  • the working cavity is a rotating body, and the moving direction of the vibrating piece is perpendicular to the central axis of the working cavity.
  • the housing includes an upper cover, an intermediate housing and a lower cover; the upper cover and the lower cover are respectively installed at both ends of the intermediate housing, and the working cavity is a central hole penetrating between the upper cover, the intermediate housing and the lower cover.
  • the two ends of the workpiece to be strengthened are respectively installed at the center hole of the upper cover through the first upper gasket and the second upper gasket; the vibrating plate is located between the middle casing and the lower cover, and the first lower gasket and the second lower gasket are respectively provided on both sides of the vibrating plate.
  • the roll-to-roll vibrating plate module includes an unwinding reel, a rewinding reel, a discharging roller and a rewinding roller, the discharging and rewinding rollers are located at both ends of the vibrating piece, and the discharging and rewinding rollers are close to the housing for positioning the vibrating piece; the unwinding and rewinding rolls are used to move the vibrating piece.
  • the water delivery module includes a nozzle, a water pump, a water supply tank and a water collection tank, the water pump is located in the water supply tank, the nozzle is connected to the water pump, and the nozzle is aligned with the side of the vibrating plate away from the working cavity; the water collection tank is used to recover the water sprayed by the nozzle.
  • the laser module generates a nanosecond pulse laser beam
  • the wavelength of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 1064nm or 532nm
  • the spot diameter of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 1-3mm
  • the pulse width of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 10-20ns
  • the pulse energy of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 5-10J.
  • the thickness of the vibrating piece is 0.1-0.3mm, and the moving speed of the vibrating piece is 0.5mm/s-5mm/s.
  • the device for modifying the surface of tiny parts according to the present invention can realize the adjustment of the projectile speed by changing the laser pulse energy.
  • the adjustable range of projectile speed is large and the operation is simple.
  • the projectiles used can be in any shape, the core area is airtight, and the safety is good.
  • the device for modifying the surface of tiny parts according to the present invention not only improves the pressure of the laser-induced shock wave by setting the roll-to-roll feeding module and the water supply module, but also the vibrating plate can continuously provide power for tiny projectiles, thereby realizing automatic processing.
  • the device for surface modification of tiny parts of the present invention can not only realize the surface modification of metal materials, but also clean the surface of non-metal materials, enhance adhesion and remove burrs.
  • the device for modifying the surface of tiny parts moves the vibrating plate horizontally through the roll-to-roll unwinding module, which can provide a horizontal initial velocity for the projectile.
  • the discharging and receiving pressure rollers of the roll-to-roll unwinding module can keep the vibrating plate straight in the working cavity, and the deformed vibrating plate can also be flattened by the pressing roller to realize repeated use.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for surface modification of tiny parts according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the strengthening module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the strengthening module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the strengthening module of the present invention.
  • 1-strengthening module 2-receiving pressure roller; 3-vibrating plate; 4-receiving roll; 5-water receiving tank; 6-laser; 7-mirror; 8-laser beam; 9-nozzle; 10-water pipe; 05-intermediate housing; 106-lower cover; 107-second fastening screw; 108-projectile; 109-first lower gasket; 110-second lower gasket; 111-first upper gasket.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • a device for surface modification of tiny parts includes a strengthening module 1 , a roll-to-roll vibrating plate module, a water supply module, a laser module and a computer 13 .
  • the reinforcing module 1 includes a housing and a projectile 108, the housing includes an upper cover 103, an intermediate housing 105 and a lower cover 106; one end of the intermediate housing 105 is connected with the upper cover 103 by a first fastening screw 104, and the other end of the intermediate housing 105 is connected with the lower cover 106 by a second fastening screw 107, and the working cavity is a central hole through the upper cover 103, the intermediate housing 105 and the lower cover 106; one end of the working cavity A movable vibrating piece 3 is installed inside, and the vibrating piece 3 is strip-shaped and made of stainless steel.
  • a number of projectiles 108 are uniformly placed on the vibrating piece 3 , and a groove is provided on the lower cover 106 for horizontally moving the vibrating piece 3 .
  • the workpiece 101 to be strengthened is installed in the other end of the working cavity; the two ends of the workpiece 101 to be strengthened are installed at the center hole of the upper cover 103 through the first upper gasket 111 and the second upper gasket 102 respectively;
  • the strengthening module 1 is placed vertically so that the projectiles 108 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the stainless steel vibrating plate 3 by gravity in the initial stage; the first upper gasket 111, the second upper gasket 102, the first lower gasket 109, and the second lower gasket 110 are rubber flat washers; the number of the tiny projectiles 108 is 50, and the diameter is 0.08mm;
  • the roll-to-roll vibrating plate module is used to drive the vibrating plate 3 to move;
  • the roll-to-roll vibrating plate module includes the unwinding roll 14, the rewinding roll 4, the discharging pressure roller 15 and the rewinding pressure roll 2, the discharging pressure roll 15 and the rewinding pressure roll 2 are located at the two ends of the vibrating plate 3, and the discharging pressure roll 15 and the receiving pressure roll 2 are close to the shell for positioning the vibrating plate 3; 15 and the receiving pressure roller 2 can also tighten the vibrating piece to make the exposed part straight, so that the deformed vibrating piece can be pressed straight by the pressure roller to realize repeated use.
  • the water delivery module is used to form a constrained layer on one side of the vibrating plate;
  • the water delivery module includes a nozzle 9, a water pump 11, a water supply tank 12 and a water receiving tank 5, the water pump 11 is located in the water supply tank 12, the nozzle 9 is connected to the water pump 11 through a water pipe 10, and the nozzle 9 is aligned with the side of the vibrating plate 3 away from the working cavity;
  • the water receiving tank 5 is used to recover the water sprayed by the nozzle 9.
  • the water column sprayed from the nozzle 9 forms an angle of 45° with the vibrating plate 3 to form a water curtain with a thickness of 2-3 mm.
  • the laser module is used to generate a laser beam, and the laser beam 8 generated by the laser 6 is incident on the vibrating plate 3 through the mirror 7 .
  • the laser 6 emits a laser beam 8 to irradiate the lower surface of the stainless steel vibrating plate 3 from bottom to top to generate a shock wave, and the shock wave is constrained by the water curtain ejected from the nozzle 9, causing the stainless steel vibrating plate 3 to vibrate at a high speed, and the stainless steel vibrating plate 3 drives the tiny projectiles 108 in the working cavity 105 to continuously hammer the surface of the workpiece 101 to be strengthened at high speed for modification.
  • the laser 6, the water pump 11, the unwinding reel 14 are electrically connected with the computer 13. Under the control of the computer 13, the vibrating plate module continuously provides the vibrating plate for the strengthening module 1, so as to realize the automation of the modification process.
  • the laser module generates a nanosecond pulse laser beam
  • the wavelength of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 1064nm or 532nm
  • the spot diameter of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 1-3mm
  • the pulse width of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 10-20ns
  • the pulse energy of the nanosecond pulse laser beam is 5-10J.
  • the thickness of the vibrating piece 3 is 0.1-0.3mm
  • the moving speed of the vibrating piece 3 is 0.5mm/s-5mm/s.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种微小零件表面改性的装置，包括强化模块、卷对卷振片模块、送水模块和激光模块。所述强化模块包括壳体和弹丸，所述壳体内部设有工作空腔，所述工作空腔一端内安装可移动的振片，所述振片上均布放置若干弹丸，所述工作空腔另一端内安装待强化工件；所述卷对卷振片模块用于驱动振片移动；所述送水模块用于在振片的一侧形成约束层；所述激光模块用于产生激光束，所述激光束穿过约束层冲击振片，使振片产生振动，用于为弹丸提供动能，获得动能的所述弹丸用于冲击待强化工件。本发明利用高能纳秒脉冲激光诱导冲击波作用振片，振片驱动微小弹丸连续锤击微小零件表面实现改性处理，装置结构简单、可靠性好。

Description

一种微小零件表面改性的装置 技术领域
本发明涉及材料表面改性领域，特别涉及一种微小零件表面改性的装置。
背景技术
微小型机械产品在生物医学、航空航天、国防及高科技电子产品等领域具有的应用前景。微小型机械产品中的金属微小零件，例如作为主要承载件的微齿轮、微开关等，通常受到热、力等交变载荷的作用，易引起磨损和疲劳破坏，从而导致产品的失效。微小型机械产品应用的发展对微小结构零件的表面质量、耐磨和抗疲劳性能等提出了较高的要求。此外，用于医学的微小型零件通常需要对表面进行清洁、雾面、哑光、增强附着力、清除毛刺或构刻纹理等。
金属表面强力塑性变形方法能够在不引入其他元素的情况下，实现材料表面改性，且改性层与基体界面过渡均匀，没有孔隙、污染等缺陷。表面强力塑性变形方法主要包括喷丸、喷砂、表面超声研磨等。以上方法通常采用较大尺寸弹丸锤击材料表面，单个弹丸能够过大，无法适用于微小型零件表面改性处理。激光冲击强化技术，也称激光喷丸技术，是高能纳秒脉冲激光诱导产生冲击波对材料进行表面改性，产生残余压应力和组织细化，从而提高材料服役性能。激光冲击强化技术一般采用的光斑直径在毫米级，单脉冲能量过大；而小光斑激光冲击强化技术无法使用保护层，存在一定的热效应，不适合微小型零件表面改性处理。现有技术公开了基于激光驱动微颗粒冲击的表面强化装置，利用激光诱导等离子驱动PDMS膜推动小颗粒高速冲击靶体，造成靶材表面的塑性变形，实现表面强化处理。但是金属表面强力塑性变形强化需要表面产生累积塑性变形，且强化的表面无法形成致密的强化层。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供了一种微小零件表面改性的装置，利用高能纳秒脉冲激光诱导冲击波作用振片，振片驱动微小弹丸连续锤击微小零件表面实现改性处理，装置结构简单、可靠性好。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种微小零件表面改性的装置，包括强化模块、卷对卷振片模块、送水模块和激光模块。
所述强化模块包括壳体和弹丸，所述壳体内部设有工作空腔，所述工作空腔一端内安装可移动的振片，所述振片上均布放置若干弹丸，所述工作空腔另一端内安装待强化工件；所述卷对卷振片模块用于驱动振片移动；所述送水模块用于在振片的一侧形成约束层；所述激 光模块用于产生激光束，所述激光束穿过约束层冲击振片，使振片产生振动，用于为弹丸提供动能，获得动能的所述弹丸用于冲击待强化工件。
进一步，所述工作空腔为回转体，所述振片的移动方向垂直于工作空腔的中心轴。
进一步，所述壳体包括上盖、中间壳体和下盖；所述中间壳体两端分别安装上盖和下盖，所述工作空腔为上盖、中间壳体和下盖之间贯穿的中心孔。
进一步，所述待强化工件两端分别通过第一上垫片和第二上垫片安装在上盖的中心孔处；所述振片位于中间壳体和下盖之间，所述振片两侧分别设有第一下垫片和第二下垫片。
进一步，所述卷对卷振片模块包括放料卷、收料卷、放料压辊和收料压辊，所述放料压辊和收料压辊位于振片两端，且所述放料压辊和收料压辊靠近壳体，用于定位振片；所述放料卷和收料卷用于使振片移动。
进一步，所述送水模块包括喷头、水泵、供水箱和收水箱，所述水泵位于供水箱内，所述喷头与水泵连接，所述喷头对准振片远离工作腔体的一侧；所述收水箱用于回收喷头喷出的水。
进一步，所述激光模块产生纳秒脉冲激光束，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的波长1064nm或532nm，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的光斑直径为1～3mm，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的脉冲宽度10～20ns，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的脉冲能量5～10J。
进一步，所述振片的厚度为0.1～0.3mm，所述振片的运动速度为0.5mm/s～5mm/s。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1.本发明所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，通过改变激光脉冲能量即可实现弹丸速度的调整，弹丸速度可调区间大、操作简单。
2.本发明所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，使用的弹丸可以为任意形状，核心区域密闭，安全性好。
3.本发明所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，通过设置卷对卷放料模块和供水模块，不仅提高了激光诱导冲击波压力，而且振片能够连续为微小弹丸提供动力，从而实现自动化加工。
4.本发明所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，不仅能够实现金属材料表面改性，还可以对非金属材料表面进行清洁、增强附着力、清除毛刺。
5.本发明所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，通过卷对卷放料模块使振片水平移动，可以给弹丸提供水平的初速度，所述卷对卷放料模块的放料压辊和收料压辊可以保持在工作腔体中的振片平直，还可以将已经形变的振片通过压辊压平直，实现重复利用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明所述的微小零件表面改性的装置示意图。
图2为本发明所述的强化模块的结构示意图。
图3为本发明所述的强化模块的三维示意图。
图4为本发明所述的强化模块的三维切面示意图。
图中：
1-强化模块；2-收料压辊；3-振片；4-收料卷；5-收水箱；6-激光器；7-反射镜；8-激光束；9-喷头；10-水管；11-水泵；12-供水箱；13-计算机；14-放料卷；15-放料压辊；101-待强化工件；102-第二上垫片；103-上盖；104-第一紧固螺钉；105-中间壳体；106-下盖；107-第二紧固螺钉；108-弹丸；109-第一下垫片；110-第二下垫片；111-第一上垫片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“轴向”、“径向”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1所示，本发明所述的一种微小零件表面改性的装置，包括强化模块1、卷对卷振片模块、送水模块、激光模块和计算机13。
如图2、3和4所示，所述强化模块1包括壳体和弹丸108，所述壳体包括上盖103、中间壳体105和下盖106；所述中间壳体105一端通过第一紧固螺钉104与上盖103连接，所述中间壳体105另一端通过第二紧固螺钉107与下盖106连接，所述工作空腔为上盖103、中间壳体105和下盖106之间贯穿的中心孔；所述工作空腔一端内安装可移动的振片3，振片3呈带状，材料为不锈钢。所述振片3上均布放置若干弹丸108，下盖106上设有槽，用于使振片3水平移动。所述工作空腔另一端内安装待强化工件101；所述待强化工件101两端分别通过第一上垫片111和第二上垫片102安装在上盖103的中心孔处；所述振片3位于中间壳体105和下盖106之间，所述振片3两侧分别设有第一下垫片109和第二下垫片110。所述强化模块1为竖直放置，以使初始阶段弹丸108受重力作用均匀分布在不锈钢振片3上表面；所述第一上垫片111、第二上垫片102、第一下垫片109、第二下垫片110均为橡胶平垫圈；所述微小弹丸108数量为50粒，直径0.08mm；
所述卷对卷振片模块用于驱动振片3移动；所述卷对卷振片模块包括放料卷14、收料卷4、放料压辊15和收料压辊2，所述放料压辊15和收料压辊2位于振片3两端，且所述放料压辊15和收料压辊2靠近壳体，用于定位振片3；所述放料卷14和收料卷4用于使振片3移动，放料卷14、收料卷4、放料压辊15和收料压辊2还可以拉紧振片使其外露部分平直，这样可以将已经形变的振片通过压辊压平直，实现重复利用。
所述送水模块用于在振片的一侧形成约束层；所述送水模块包括喷头9、水泵11、供水箱12和收水箱5，所述水泵11位于供水箱12内，所述喷头9通过水管10与水泵11连接，所述喷头9对准振片3远离工作腔体的一侧；所述收水箱5用于回收喷头9喷出的水。所述喷头9喷出水柱与振片3成45°角，形成2～3mm厚度的水帘。
所述激光模块用于产生激光束，激光器6产生的激光束8通过反射镜7射入振片3上。所述激光器6发出激光束8自下而上辐照不锈钢振片3下表面产生冲击波，冲击波在喷头9喷出的水帘约束下，使不锈钢振片3高速振动，不锈钢振片3驱动工作腔体105内的微小弹丸108连续高速锤击待强化工件101表面进行改性处理。激光器6、水泵11、放料卷14与计算机13电连接。振片模块在计算机13的控制下为强化模块1连续提供振片，实现改性过程的自动化。
所述激光模块产生纳秒脉冲激光束，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的波长1064nm或532nm，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的光斑直径为1～3mm，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的脉冲宽度10～20ns，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的脉冲能量5～10J。所述振片3的厚度为0.1～0.3mm，所述振片3的运动速度为 0.5mm/s～5mm/s。
应当理解，虽然本说明书是按照各个实施例描述的，但并非每个实施例仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施例的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施例或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，包括强化模块(1)、卷对卷振片模块、送水模块和激光模块。
    所述强化模块(1)包括壳体和弹丸(108)，所述壳体内部设有工作空腔，所述工作空腔一端内安装可移动的振片(3)，所述振片(3)上均布放置若干弹丸(108)，所述工作空腔另一端内安装待强化工件(101)；所述卷对卷振片模块用于驱动振片(3)移动；所述送水模块用于在振片的一侧形成约束层；所述激光模块用于产生激光束，所述激光束穿过约束层冲击振片(3)，使振片(3)产生振动，用于为弹丸(108)提供动能，获得动能的所述弹丸(108)用于冲击待强化工件(101)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，所述工作空腔为回转体，所述振片(3)的移动方向垂直于工作空腔的中心轴。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括上盖(103)、中间壳体(105)和下盖(106)；所述中间壳体(105)两端分别安装上盖(103)和下盖(106)，所述工作空腔为上盖(103)、中间壳体(105)和下盖(106)之间贯穿的中心孔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，所述待强化工件(101)两端分别通过第一上垫片(111)和第二上垫片(102)安装在上盖(103)的中心孔处；所述振片(3)位于中间壳体(105)和下盖(106)之间，所述振片(3)两侧分别设有第一下垫片(109)和第二下垫片(110)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，所述卷对卷振片模块包括放料卷(14)、收料卷(4)、放料压辊(15)和收料压辊(2)，所述放料压辊(15)和收料压辊(2)位于振片(3)两端，且所述放料压辊(15)和收料压辊(2)靠近壳体，用于定位振片(3)；所述放料卷(14)和收料卷(4)用于使振片(3)移动。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，所述送水模块包括喷头(9)、水泵(11)、供水箱(12)和收水箱(5)，所述水泵(11)位于供水箱(12)内，所述喷头(9)与水泵(11)连接，所述喷头(9)对准振片(3)远离工作腔体的一侧；所述收水箱(5)用于回收喷头(9)喷出的水。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，所述激光模块产生纳秒脉冲激光束，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的波长1064nm或532nm，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的光斑直径为1～3mm，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的脉冲宽度10～20ns，所述纳秒脉冲激光束的脉冲能量5～10J。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的微小零件表面改性的装置，其特征在于，所述振片(3)的厚 度为0.1～0.3mm，所述振片(3)的运动速度为0.5mm/s～5mm/s。
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