WO2023134239A1 - 一种海浪能发电装置及发电方法 - Google Patents

一种海浪能发电装置及发电方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134239A1
WO2023134239A1 PCT/CN2022/124764 CN2022124764W WO2023134239A1 WO 2023134239 A1 WO2023134239 A1 WO 2023134239A1 CN 2022124764 W CN2022124764 W CN 2022124764W WO 2023134239 A1 WO2023134239 A1 WO 2023134239A1
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Prior art keywords
gear
wave energy
rotation
driving wheel
transmission
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PCT/CN2022/124764
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈建元
陈嘉智
Original Assignee
陈建元
陈嘉智
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Publication of WO2023134239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134239A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/24—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy to produce a flow of air, e.g. to drive an air turbine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4466—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of energy utilization, in particular to an ocean wave energy generating device.
  • wave energy has broad commercial prospects and is the focus of ocean energy research and development in various countries.
  • humans have a long history of exploring wave power generation, wave power generation has not been as popular and applied as thermal power and nuclear power in terms of commercialization. The reason is that waves are an unstable energy source.
  • the current wave level is divided into 9 levels, and the suitable wave level is about 3 to 5.
  • the wave crest ranges from 0.5 meters to 5 meters. Ten times the gap, it is very difficult to achieve stable peak power generation under such a large gap, so so far, the cost of wave power generation is much higher than other power generation methods, and no wave power generation suitable for industrial development has been found. programs and methods.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an ocean wave power generation device, which has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, stable and long-term power generation effect, and the like.
  • the present invention provides a wave energy generating device, which includes a working platform and a wave energy conversion mechanism, a wave energy storage mechanism and a wave energy generating mechanism arranged on the working platform,
  • the wave energy conversion mechanism includes an energy conversion component and a conversion component
  • the transducer assembly includes a buoyancy box, a lever and a first bracket, the buoyancy box is arranged on the sea surface and is hingedly connected with one end of the lever, the fulcrum of the lever is hingedly connected with the first bracket, and the lever
  • the other end of the swing head is provided with an arc-shaped swing head, and the arc center of the swing head coincides with the fulcrum of the lever;
  • the conversion assembly includes an input shaft, an output shaft and a transition shaft, the input shaft sleeve is provided with an input gear, the output shaft sleeve is provided with a first one-way gear, a second one-way gear, a flywheel and an output gear, the
  • the transition bushing is provided with a transition gear set, the input gear is in transmission connection with the swing head through a transmission assembly, the input gear is in transmission connection with the first one-way gear, and the input gear is in transmission connection with the first one-way gear through the transition gear set.
  • the second one-way gear is connected by transmission, the first one-way gear and the second one-way gear can drive the output shaft to rotate under the drive of the input gear, and both drive the rotation of the output shaft same direction, the output gear and the flywheel can rotate together with the output shaft;
  • the wave energy storage mechanism includes an air compressor and a high-pressure gas storage tank, the air compressor is connected to the output gear through a connecting assembly, and the air compressor is connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank through a ventilation pipeline. connect;
  • the ocean wave energy generating mechanism includes an air turbine and a generator, the air turbine is connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank through the ventilation pipeline, and the air turbine is connected to the generator in transmission.
  • the buoyant tank is hingedly connected to the lever through a first connecting rod, and the buoyant tank is hingedly connected to the first bracket through a second connecting rod.
  • the transduction assembly further includes a slide rail provided on the working platform and an electric hoist provided on the slide rail, and the electric hoist is connected to the first connecting rod through a wire rope. connected.
  • the transmission assembly includes a first sprocket, a second sprocket, a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel, and the first sprocket is drivingly connected to the second sprocket through a chain , the two ends of the chain are respectively arranged at the two ends of the arc top of the swing head after crossing, the first drive wheel and the first sprocket are arranged on the same rotating shaft and can be mounted on the first sprocket Driven to rotate, the first driven wheel is in transmission connection with the first driving wheel through the first transmission belt, and the first driven wheel is in transmission connection with the input gear.
  • a rack is provided on the arc surface of the swing head
  • the transmission assembly includes a meshing gear, a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel, and the meshing gear meshes with the rack , the first driving wheel and the meshing gear are arranged on the same shaft and can rotate under the driving of the meshing gear, and the first driven wheel is connected to the first driving wheel through a first transmission belt, so The first driven wheel is in transmission connection with the input gear.
  • the conversion assembly is provided with a speed-up gear set
  • the speed-up gear set includes a first speed-up gear and a second speed-up gear that mesh with each other, and the first speed-up gear and the The transmission assembly is in transmission connection, the second speed-up gear is in transmission connection with the input gear, and the diameter of the first speed-up gear is larger than the diameter of the second speed-up gear.
  • the conversion assembly is provided with a reduction gear set
  • the reduction gear set includes a first reduction gear and a second reduction gear that mesh with each other, and the first reduction gear is drivingly connected to the output gear,
  • the second reduction gear is in transmission connection with the connection assembly, and the diameter of the first reduction gear is smaller than that of the second reduction gear.
  • the connecting assembly includes a second driving wheel and a second driven wheel, the second driving wheel is in transmission connection with the output gear, and the second driven wheel is sleeved on the air compressor On the output shaft of the machine, it is connected with the second drive wheel through the second transmission belt.
  • the ocean wave energy storage mechanism further includes an air filter connected to the air compressor.
  • the high-pressure gas storage tank includes a primary gas storage tank, a secondary gas storage tank, and a tertiary gas storage tank arranged in sequence.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for generating electricity from ocean wave energy, which includes the following steps:
  • the buoy can float up and down with the ups and downs of the waves, the floating of the buoy drives the lever to rotate around the fulcrum, and the swing head at the other end of the lever swings up and down with the rotation of the lever;
  • the swing of the swing head drives the first driving wheel of the transmission assembly to rotate, and the rotation of the first driving wheel drives the first driven wheel to rotate;
  • the rotation of the second driven wheel drives the operation of the air compressor to compress the air and transmit the compressed high-pressure gas to the high-pressure gas storage tank through the ventilation pipeline;
  • the high-pressure gas storage tank is transported to the air turbine through the ventilation pipeline, driving the air turbine to run, and the operation of the air turbine drives the generator to run to complete power generation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an ocean wave power generation device, compared with the prior art, its beneficial effects are:
  • the power generating device of the present invention includes a working platform and a wave energy conversion mechanism, a wave energy storage mechanism, and a wave energy generating mechanism arranged on the working platform.
  • These mechanisms can be combined according to design requirements through different structural deformations, additions, reductions, and substitutions, so that To achieve the best required energy conversion, to achieve different purposes.
  • the device structure combined with the wave energy conversion mechanism converts the wave energy generated by the wave undulation into the mechanical energy to ensure the rotation of the flywheel through structures such as buoyancy boxes, levers, gear sets and flywheels
  • the wave energy storage mechanism compresses the mechanical energy of the flywheel through gas Collect and store
  • the wave energy generating mechanism realizes power generation driven by compressed gas.
  • the wave energy generating device realizes the effective utilization of wave energy, and its structural design is ingenious.
  • the device designed according to this method the setting form of the buoyancy box and the lever can effectively collect the energy generated by the heaving motion of the buoyancy box due to the up and down floating, It also effectively reduces the roll and pitch of the buoyant tank, avoids the energy loss of the buoyant tank due to roll and pitch, and improves the energy conversion efficiency; the structure of the gear set and flywheel converts the wave energy generated by the undulating waves into the continuous high-speed flywheel.
  • the wave energy storage device converts the generated mechanical energy into the internal energy of high-pressure gas, and then drives the air turbine and generator to run by releasing the high-pressure gas, which can achieve a durable and stable energy supply to the generator and ensure that the generator It can be used alone or combined to form a modular unit according to the needs of use, which can be miniaturized or large-scale, and has a wide range of applications; it can be designed into various power generation equipment according to needs, and the one-time investment has long-term benefits.
  • the present invention also provides an ocean wave energy generating method based on the above ocean wave energy generating device, which realizes effective utilization of ocean wave energy and has the advantages of stable power generation effect and easy popularization.
  • Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of the wave energy generating device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the wave energy conversion mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the second schematic diagram of the wave energy conversion mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the transducer assembly and the transmission assembly of an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the transducer assembly and the transmission assembly in another embodiment
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of gear arrangement of a conversion assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of forward rotation of the transformation assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a reverse schematic diagram of the transformation assembly of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multi-stage gas storage tanks according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the wave energy generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention when it is used in a beacon light;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a wave energy generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is installed on a generating ship;
  • Fig. 12 is a detailed view of A in Fig. 11 .
  • Wave energy storage mechanism 31. Air compressor; 32. High-pressure gas storage tank; 321. Primary gas storage tank; 322. Secondary gas storage tank; 323. Tertiary gas storage tank; 33. Air filtration 34, the second driving wheel; 35, the second driven wheel; 36, the second tensioning wheel; 37, the pressure gauge; 38, the pressure sensor; 4, the wave energy generating mechanism; 41, the air turbine; 42, the generator ; 5, ventilation pipeline; 51, safety valve.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a wave energy generating device, which includes a working platform 1 and a wave energy conversion mechanism 2, a wave energy storage mechanism 3 and a wave energy storage mechanism arranged on the working platform 1.
  • the power generation mechanism 4 specifically, the ocean wave energy conversion mechanism 2 includes an energy conversion assembly 21, a transmission assembly 22 and a conversion assembly 23, wherein the energy conversion assembly 21 includes a buoyancy box 211, a first bracket 213 and a lever 212, and the buoyancy box 211 is located on It is hingedly connected with one end of the lever 212 on the sea surface, and the fulcrum of the lever 212 is hingedly connected with the first support 213.
  • the other end of the lever 212 is provided with an arc-shaped swing head 214.
  • the arc center of the swing head 214 is in line with the The fulcrums of the levers coincide.
  • the buoyant tank 211 is set on the sea level, and the buoyant tank 211 can rise or fall with the ups and downs of the waves in a heaving motion. Rise and fall occur, and the movement of the power end of the lever 212 drives the swing head 214 at the resistance end of the lever 212 to rotate around the fulcrum of the lever 212. In this way, the transducer assembly 21 converts unstable ocean wave energy into mechanical energy for the swing head 214 to swing up and down.
  • the transduction assembly 21 is connected to the conversion assembly 23 through the transmission assembly 22, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, in some embodiments of the present application, the transmission assembly 22 includes a first Sprocket 222, the second sprocket 223, the first driving wheel 225 and the first driven wheel 226, the first sprocket 222 is connected with the second sprocket 223 by the transmission of the chain 224, and the chain 224 is connected with the swing head 214, when the chain When 224 is fixedly connected with the swing head 214, the two ends of the chain 224 are crossed and fixed respectively on the two ends of the arc surface of the swing head 214. Driven by the wheel 222 , it rotates together with the rotating shaft.
  • the first driven wheel 226 is in transmission connection with the first driving wheel 225 through the first transmission belt, and the first driven wheel 226 is in transmission connection with the input gear 231 of the conversion assembly 23 .
  • the movement of the power end of the lever 212 drives the swing head 214 at the resistance end of the lever 212 to rotate around the fulcrum of the lever 212, and the chain 224 connected to the swing head 214 moves under the drive of the swing head 214, and the movement of the chain 224 drives the first chain.
  • the wheel 222 and the second sprocket 223 rotate, and the rotation of the first sprocket 222 drives the first driving wheel 225 to rotate, and the rotation of the first driving wheel 225 is transmitted to the first driven wheel 226 by the first conveyor belt and follows the first driving wheel 225.
  • the rotation of the driven wheel 226 is transmitted to the transformation assembly 23 to realize energy transmission.
  • the mechanical energy generated by the lever 212 swinging up and down is converted by the transmission assembly 22 into mechanical energy of reciprocating rotation.
  • the transmission components use the chain 224 to complete energy transmission, they also have a variety of structural forms.
  • the arc surface of the swing head 214 is fixedly connected with a rack 214a, and the chain 224 and The racks 214a are meshed, and the rotation of the racks 214a can also drive the chain 224 to move and then drive the first drive wheel to rotate.
  • the transmission assembly uses the chain 224, the first sprocket 222, and the second sprocket 223 because of high power
  • the diameter of the swing head 214 at the resistance end of the lever 212 is too large and sometimes even exceeds one meter, but in devices with low kinetic energy conversion requirements, there is no problem.
  • the structure is not compact enough with chains and sprocket assemblies. Therefore, in the case of realizing energy transmission, the transmission assembly 22 can obviously also be set to other structural forms. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the transmission assembly 22 provided with the rack 214 a includes an engaging gear 228 disposed on the second bracket 221 , the engaging gear 228 is engaged with the rack 214 a, and the engaging gear 228 and the first driving wheel 225 are disposed on the same rotating shaft. Similar to the above-mentioned structure, in this embodiment, the meshing gear 228 is arranged to replace the first sprocket 222 and the second sprocket 223, and the rack 214a replaces the chain 224. Only by the rotation of the meshing gear 228 can the first driving force be driven The wheel 225 rotates to realize energy conversion and efficient transmission.
  • the transmission assembly 22 also includes a first tensioning wheel 227 for tensioning the first conveyor belt.
  • the first tensioning wheel 227 can adjust and control the tension of the first conveyor belt.
  • the first tensioning wheel 227 is the tensioning device of the first conveyor belt.
  • the first tensioning wheel can be adjusted 227 tensions the first conveyor belt to realize the effective operation of the first driving pulley 225 and the first driven pulley 226.
  • the operator can also realize the first driving pulley 225 and the first driven pulley 226 by loosening the first tensioning pulley 227. idling so as to achieve the effect of the clutch.
  • the wave energy conversion mechanism 2 also includes a conversion component 23 arranged behind the transmission component 22, specifically, as shown in Figures 6 to 8
  • the conversion assembly 23 includes an input shaft, an output shaft and a transition shaft, wherein the input shaft sleeve is provided with an input gear 231, and the output shaft sleeve is provided with an output gear 232, a flywheel 233, a first one-way gear 234, and a second one-way gear 235 , the transition sleeve is provided with a transition gear set 236, the input gear 231 is in transmission connection with the first driven wheel 226 of the transmission assembly 22, the input gear 231 is meshed with the first one-way gear 234, and the input gear 231 is also in phase with the transition gear set 236 meshing, the transition gear set 236 is also meshed with the second one-way gear 235, the first one-way gear 234 and the second one-way gear 235 can drive the output shaft
  • the mechanical energy of reciprocating rotation is transmitted to the input gear 231 through the first driven wheel 226, and the input gear 231 will rotate clockwise or counterclockwise with the rotation of the first driven wheel 226.
  • 234 meshes with the second one-way gear 235, and the rotation of the input gear 231 will also drive the first one-way gear 234 and the second one-way gear 235 to rotate.
  • the two one-way gears 235 are single one-way gears with the same rotation direction. For the first one-way gear 234 and the second one-way gear 235 of the present application, they can drive the output shaft to rotate together when rotating in a specified direction.
  • the rotation direction of the first one-way gear 234 and the second one-way gear 235 in the present application is clockwise
  • the first one-way gear 234 meshed with it counterclockwise Rotation occurs idling, and the first one-way gear 234 cannot affect the wheel shaft
  • the transition gear set 236 meshed with the input gear 231 rotates counterclockwise, and the rotation of the transition gear set 236 drives the second one-way gear meshed with the transition gear set 236.
  • the transition gear set 236 that meshes with the input gear 231 rotates clockwise
  • the second one-way gear 235 that meshes with the transition gear set 236 rotates counterclockwise and idles, which also cannot affect the rotation of the output shaft, that is, regardless of whether the input gear 231 How to rotate the output shaft will be driven by the first one-way gear 234 or the second one-way gear 235 to rotate clockwise, and the flywheel 233 and the output gear 232 on the output shaft will rotate with the rotation of the output shaft, that is,
  • the mechanical energy of reciprocating rotation is converted into mechanical energy of unidirectional rotation by the conversion component 23, which further improves the stability of energy supply.
  • the energy conversion of the wave energy generating device of the present application has tended to be stable when it reaches the flywheel 233, and the rotation of the flywheel 233 can already provide a relatively stable energy source to the wave energy generating mechanism 4, but the operator also pays attention to
  • the flywheel 233 that rotates in one direction will also be limited by the up and down movement of the buoyant tank. Specifically, when there is less wind and waves on the sea, the undulating degree of waves is effective. At this time, only relying on the up and down floating of the buoyant tank 211 cannot guarantee the continuous rotation of the flywheel 233. Provide enough power. Therefore, in order to further improve the stability of energy, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIGS.
  • the air compressor 31 is in transmission connection with the output gear 232 through the connection assembly, and the air compressor 31 is connected with the high-pressure air storage tank 32 through the ventilation pipeline 5 .
  • the connecting assembly includes a second driving wheel 34 and a second driven wheel 35, the output gear 232 is in driving connection with the second driving wheel 34, and the second driven wheel 35 is connected to the second driving wheel through a second conveyor belt.
  • the wheel 34 is in transmission connection, and the second driven wheel 35 is arranged on the output shaft of the air compressor 31 .
  • the connection assembly also includes a Tighten the second tensioning pulley 36 of the second conveyor belt.
  • the arrangement of the air compressor 31 and the high-pressure gas storage tank 32 converts the mechanical energy of one-way rotation into the internal energy of the compressed gas, so as to realize the collection and storage of energy.
  • the compressed gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank 32 can also be passed through The gas pipeline 5 continuously outputs outwards to realize long-term and stable output of energy.
  • the transducer assembly 21 in the present application makes the swing head 214 of the lever 212 take the fulcrum of the lever 212 as the axis through the ups and downs of the buoyancy tank 211 to generate mechanical energy of up and down swing, and the transmission assembly 22 converts the mechanical energy of the up and down swing
  • the mechanical energy of the reciprocating rotation is not converted into the mechanical energy of the one-way rotation until the conversion component 23, so as to realize the stable energy supply to the power generation structure.
  • the energy conversion component 21 and the conversion component 23 play a very critical role in the whole process Energy conversion, the transmission component 22 only plays the role of energy transmission more often, that is, in some other embodiments of the application, the wave energy generating device has only the energy conversion component 21 and the conversion component 23, this design
  • the effective conversion of wave energy can also be realized.
  • the rack 214a of the energy conversion component 21 is connected to the input gear 231 to realize the effective connection between the energy conversion component 21 and the conversion component 23 and ensure the reasonable transmission of energy.
  • the wave energy generating mechanism 4 of the present application includes an air turbine 41 and a generator 42.
  • the air turbine 41 is also connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank 32 through the ventilation pipeline 5, and the generator 42 is connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank 32.
  • the air turbine 41 is connected by transmission.
  • the high-pressure gas storage tank 32 releases high-pressure gas to the air turbine 41.
  • the air turbine 41 rotates under the drive of the high-pressure gas.
  • the rotation of the air turbine 41 further drives the generator 42 to operate to achieve continuous and stable power generation.
  • the air turbine 41 can also be adjusted as an air motor.
  • the operator can also set up other transfer mechanisms to use compressed gas to drive the operation of other structures to achieve more functions.
  • the wave energy generating device realizes the effective utilization of wave energy. Its structural design is ingenious, and the arrangement of the buoyancy box and the lever can effectively collect the energy generated by the heave motion of the buoyancy box due to the up and down floating, and also effectively reduce the energy consumption of the buoyancy box.
  • the rolling and pitching of the floating tank avoids the energy loss of the floating tank due to the rolling and pitching, and improves the energy conversion efficiency; the mechanical energy generated by the wave energy storage device is converted into the internal energy of the high-pressure gas, and then the air turbine is driven by releasing the high-pressure gas
  • Running with the generator it can realize the durable and stable energy supply to the generator and ensure the stable operation of the generator; it can be used alone or combined with multiple sets to form a modular unit according to the needs of use, which can be miniaturized or large-scale, and the application range Broad; it can be designed into various power generation equipment according to the needs, and the one-time investment has long-term benefits.
  • the buoyant tank 211 of the present application in some embodiments of the present application, it is hingedly connected to the power end of the lever 212 through the first connecting rod 215, while the buoyant tank 211 itself
  • the second link 216 is also hingedly connected to the bracket. The setting of the first link 215 and the second link 216 improves the stability of the buoyant tank 211 and optimizes the degree of action of the buoyant tank 211 on the lever 212, reducing energy. losses during transmission.
  • the transducer assembly 21 also includes a slide rail 219 disposed on the working platform 1 and an electric hoist 217 disposed on the slide rail 219 , the electric hoist 217 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 215 through a wire rope 218 .
  • the electric hoist 217 can slide on the slide rail 219 to realize the adjustment to the position of the first connecting rod 215, that is, the operator can pull the first connecting rod 215 to control the lifting upper limit of the buoyancy tank 211 through the wire rope 218 on the electric hoist 217, and at the same time
  • the setting of the steel wire rope 218 can also further improve the connection between the buoyant tank 211 and the working platform 1, prevent the buoyant tank 211 from detaching in wind and waves, and improve the stability of the buoyant tank 211.
  • the conversion assembly 23 includes a speed-up gear set for increasing the input speed, specifically, the speed-up gear set includes a first speed-up gear 237 and a Two speed-up gears 238, in order to realize the speed-up effect, the diameter of the first speed-up gear 237 is greater than the diameter of the second speed-up gear 238, the first speed-up gear 237 is transmission-connected with the first driven wheel 226, and the second speed-up gear 238 meshes with the input gear 231, the rotation of the first driven wheel 226 drives the first speed-up gear 237 to rotate, the rotation of the first speed-up gear 237 further drives the second speed-up gear 238 to rotate, and the rotation of the second speed-up gear 238 Drive the output gear 232 to complete the rotation,
  • the conversion assembly 23 also includes a reduction gear set for reducing the output speed.
  • the diameter of the first reduction gear 239 is smaller than the diameter of the second reduction gear 239a
  • the first reduction gear 239 is meshed with the output gear 232
  • the second reduction gear 239a is the same as the second driving wheel 34 Shaft setting
  • the rotation of the output gear 232 drives the first reduction gear 239 to rotate
  • the rotation of the first reduction gear 239 further drives the rotation of the second reduction gear 239a
  • the rotation of the second reduction gear 239a drives the pulley to complete the rotation, because the first reduction gear
  • the diameter of 239 is smaller than the diameter of the second reduction gear 239a
  • the pinion gear drives the large gear to rotate to reduce the original speed, thereby reducing the speed of the second driving wheel 34 .
  • the wave energy storage mechanism 3 also includes an air filter 33 connected to the air compressor 31, and the air filter 33 can be sucked into the air by the air compressor. Filter the impurities in the air, improve the quality of the compressed gas, and ensure the normal use of various components.
  • each high-pressure gas storage tank 32 passes through the ventilation pipeline 5 is connected with the air compressor, and the ventilation pipeline 5 is provided with a safety valve 51 for controlling gas circulation, and there are various safety valves 51, including regulating valves and check valves.
  • each set is sequentially connected through a ventilation pipeline 5 .
  • the high-pressure gas storage tanks 32 form a primary gas storage tank 321 and a secondary gas storage tank arranged in sequence.
  • the tank 322 and the three-stage gas storage tank 323 are connected through the ventilation pipeline 5 between the gas storage tanks of each level, and the ventilation pipeline 5 for connecting the gas storage tanks of each level is also provided with an air compressor 31 .
  • the high-pressure gas storage tank 32 is provided with components such as a pressure gauge 37 and a pressure sensor 38, and the operator can know in time through the pressure gauge 37 and the pressure sensor 38
  • the pressure in the high-pressure gas storage tank is adjusted in a targeted manner to achieve pressure balance and stability and ensure the normal operation of the entire device.
  • the power generation mechanism of the ocean wave power generation device also includes a central control system (not shown) electrically connected to structures such as safety valves 51 and pressure sensors 38.
  • the central control system can Receive the information transmitted by each sensor device, analyze and process it, and then control the opening and closing of related valves, so as to realize the automatic operation of the whole device.
  • the working platform 1 of the present application its design forms are also diverse. Obviously, the setting of the working platform 1 needs to be based on the wave energy conversion mechanism 2, the wave energy storage mechanism 3 and the wave energy generating mechanism 4. It can be confirmed by the quantity and form of setting, which can be an integrated design or segmented setting.
  • the working platform 1 includes an offshore platform (not shown) on the sea surface and On the land platform (not shown in the figure) located on the embankment, the designer installs the wave energy conversion mechanism 2 on the offshore platform, and the wave energy storage mechanism 3 and the wave energy generating mechanism 4 on the land platform according to the use requirements. All the mechanisms of the wave energy generating device can be arranged on the offshore platform.
  • the working platform 1 also includes other various forms. Specifically, as shown in FIG. At this time, the navigation light is used as the working platform 1, and the wave energy conversion mechanism 2, the wave energy storage mechanism 3 and the wave energy generation mechanism 4 are all arranged in the bottom shell of the navigation light; further, as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in some other embodiments of the present application, multiple sets of wave energy generating devices are combined and arranged on the power generation ship. At this time, the power generation ship is used as the working platform 1, and the wave energy conversion mechanism 2, the wave energy storage mechanism 3 and the wave energy generation Mechanism 4 is all located on the hull.
  • the wave energy generating device of the present application it can be used alone, or multiple sets of modular units can be arranged for array use, and the formed modular units can also be used alone or set according to design requirements.
  • a set of modular units constitutes a modular matrix.
  • the present invention also provides a method for generating wave energy based on the wave energy generating device, which includes the following steps:
  • the buoy can float up and down with the ups and downs of the waves, the floating of the buoy drives the lever to rotate around the fulcrum, and the swing head at the other end of the lever swings up and down with the rotation of the lever;
  • the swing of the swing head drives the rotation of the first driving wheel of the transmission assembly, and the rotation of the first driving wheel drives the rotation of the first driven wheel;
  • the rotation of the second driven wheel drives the operation of the air compressor to compress the air and transmit the compressed high-pressure gas to the high-pressure gas storage tank through the ventilation pipeline;
  • the high-pressure gas storage tank is transported to the air turbine through the ventilation pipeline, driving the air turbine to run, and the operation of the air turbine drives the generator to run to complete power generation.
  • the present invention provides a wave energy generating device, which includes a working platform and a wave energy conversion mechanism, a wave energy storage mechanism, and a wave energy generating mechanism arranged on the working platform.
  • Structures such as levers, gear sets and flywheels step by step convert the wave energy contained in the undulating waves into mechanical energy to ensure the continuous rotation of the flywheel.
  • the wave energy storage mechanism uses compressed gas to collect and store the wave energy converted into mechanical energy storage. Compared with the existing technology, the wave energy generating device realizes the effective utilization of wave energy.
  • the arrangement of the buoyancy box and the lever can effectively collect the energy generated by the heave motion of the buoyancy box due to the up and down floating, and also Effectively reduces the roll and pitch of the buoyant tank, avoids the energy loss of the buoyant tank due to roll and pitch, and improves the energy conversion efficiency; the mechanical energy generated by the wave energy storage device is converted into the internal energy of high-pressure gas, and then released
  • the high-pressure gas drives the air turbine and the generator to run, which can realize the durable and stable energy supply to the generator and ensure the stable operation of the generator; it can be used alone or combined with multiple sets to form a modular unit according to the usage requirements, which can be miniaturized or It is large-scale and has a wide range of applications; it can be designed into various power generation equipment according to needs, and the one-time investment has long-term benefits.

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Abstract

提供一种海浪能发电装置，包括工作平台（1）以及设于工作平台（1）上的海浪能转化机构（2）、海浪能储能机构（3）和海浪能发电机构（4），海浪能转化机构（2）通过浮箱（211）、杠杆（212）、齿轮组及飞轮（233）等结构将波浪起伏产生的海浪能转化为保证飞轮（233）持续旋转的机械能，海浪能储能机构（3）则通过压缩气体对海浪能进行收集与存储。该海浪能发电装置实现了对海浪能的有效利用，浮箱（211）与杠杆（212）的设置形式能够有效收集浮箱（211）因上下浮动的垂荡运动产生的能量，提升了能量转化效率；海浪能储能装置（3）将产生的机械能转化为高压气体的内能，随后通过释放高压气体驱动空气轮机（41）和发电机（42）运转，能够实现对发电机（42）的持久且稳定的供能，保证发电机（42）的稳定运转。

Description

一种海浪能发电装置及发电方法 技术领域
本发明涉及能源利用技术领域，特别是涉及一种海浪能发电装置。
背景技术
海洋占地球表面积的70％并集中了地球97％的水量，海洋的海浪中蕴藏着巨大的能量，海浪能作为一种清洁能源有着广阔的商业前景，是各国海洋能研究开发的重点。人类探索海浪发电虽然已有很长的历史，但海浪发电在商用化方面一直无法像火电、核电等一样普及应用，究其原因是因为海浪是一种不稳定的能源，风平浪静时只有徐徐波纹，强风猎猎时波浪滔天，无法实现能量的稳定转化。目前的海浪等级被划分为9级，适合利用的海浪等级大约是3至5级，此时海浪的波峰范围在0.5米至5米，即便如此范围内波的最大值与最小值之间也有近十倍的差距，要在如此大的差距下做到峰稳定的发电是非常困难的，因此到目前为止，海浪发电的成本远远高于其它发电方式，还没有找到一个合适工业开发的海浪发电方案和方法。
虽然海浪的能量巨大，但到目前为止，现有的海浪能发电装置都无法实现成本低廉的大功率发电，主要原因在于现有海浪能发电装置的能量利用率低下，同时能量转化机构无法向发电机构提供长效稳定的供能。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种海浪能发电装置，其具有能源利用率高、发电效果稳定长效等优点。
基于此，本发明提供了一种海浪能发电装置，其包括工作平台以及设于所述工作平台上的海浪能转化机构、海浪能储能机构和海浪能发电机构，
所述海浪能转化机构包括换能组件和转化组件，
所述换能组件包括浮箱、杠杆和第一支架，所述浮箱设于海面上并与所述杠杆的一端铰接连接，所述杠杆的支点与所述第一支架铰接连接，所述杠杆的另一端设有呈弧形设置的摇摆头，所述摇摆头的弧面圆心与所述杠杆的支点重合；
所述转化组件包括输入轴、输出轴和过渡轴，所述输入轴套设有输入齿轮，所述输出轴套设有第一单向齿轮、第二单向齿轮、飞轮和输出齿轮，所述过渡轴套设有过渡齿轮组，所述输入齿轮通过传动组件与所述摇摆头传动连接，所述输入齿轮与所述第一单向齿轮传动连接，所述输入齿轮通过所述过渡齿轮组与所述第二单向齿轮传动连接，所述第一单向齿轮和所述第二单向齿轮可在所述输入齿轮的驱动下带动所述输出轴转动且二者带动所述输出轴的转动方向相同，所述输出齿轮和所述飞轮可随所述输出轴一同转动；
所述海浪能储能机构包括空气压缩机和高压储气罐，所述空气压缩机通过连接组件与所述输出齿轮传动连接，所述空气压缩机通过通气管路与所述高压储气罐相连接；
所述海浪能发电机构包括空气轮机和发电机，所述空气轮机通过所述通气管路与所述高压储气罐相连接，所述空气轮机与所述发电机传动连接。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述浮箱通过第一连杆与所述杠杆铰接连接，所述浮箱通过第二连杆与所述第一支架铰接连接。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述换能组件还包括设于所述工作平台上的滑轨以及设于所述滑轨上的电动葫芦，所述电动葫芦通过钢丝绳与所述第一连杆相连接。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述传动组件包括第一链轮、第二链轮、第一主动轮和第一从动轮，所述第一链轮通过链条与所述第二链轮传动连接，所述链条的两端交叉后分别设置在所述摇摆头的弧顶两端，所述第一主动轮与所述第一链轮设于同一转轴上并可在所述第一链轮 的驱动下转动，所述第一从动轮通过第一传送带与所述第一主动轮传动连接，所述第一从动轮与所述输入齿轮传动连接。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述摇摆头的弧面上设有齿条，所述传动组件包括啮合齿轮、第一主动轮和第一从动轮，所述啮合齿轮与所述齿条相啮合，所述第一主动轮与所述啮合齿轮设于同一转轴上并可在所述啮合齿轮的驱动下转动，所述第一从动轮通过第一传送带与所述第一主动轮传动连接，所述第一从动轮与所述输入齿轮传动连接。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述转化组件设有增速齿轮组，所述增速齿轮组包括相互啮合的第一增速齿轮和第二增速齿轮，所述第一增速齿轮与所述传动组件传动连接，所述第二增速齿轮与所述输入齿轮传动连接，所述第一增速齿轮的直径大于所述第二增速齿轮的直径。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述转化组件设有减速齿轮组，所述减速齿轮组包括相互啮合第一减速齿轮和第二减速齿轮，所述第一减速齿轮与所述输出齿轮传动连接，所述第二减速齿轮与所述连接组件传动连接，所述第一减速齿轮的直径小于所述第二减速齿轮的直径。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述连接组件包括第二主动轮和第二从动轮，所述第二主动轮与所述输出齿轮传动连接，所述第二从动轮套设于所述空气压缩机的输出轴上并与通过第二传送带与所述第二主动轮传动连接。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述海浪能储能机构还包括与所述空气压缩机相连接的空气滤清器。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述高压储气罐包括依次设置的一级储气罐、二级储气罐和三级储气罐。
本发明的另外目的是提供一种海浪能发电方法，其包括以下步骤：
S1、将浮箱设置于海面上，浮箱可随波浪的起伏上下浮动，浮箱的浮动带动杠杆绕支点转动，杠杆另一端的摇摆头随杠杆的转动上下摆动；
S2、摇摆头的摆动带动传动组件的第一主动轮转动，第一主动轮 的转动带动第一从动轮转动；
S3、第一从动轮的转动带动输入齿轮和输出齿轮转动，输入齿轮和输出齿轮的转动通过单向齿轮组带动飞轮转动；
S4、飞轮的转动带动第二主动轮转动，第二主动轮的转动带动第二从动轮转动；
S5、第二从动轮的转动带动空气压缩机运转，将空气压缩并通过通气管路将压缩完成的高压气体传输至高压储气罐中；
S6、高压储气罐通过通气管路输送至空气轮机处，带动空气轮机运转，空气轮机的运转带动发电机运转完成发电。
本发明实施例提供了一种海浪能发电装置，与现有技术相比，其有益效果在于：
本发明发电装置包括工作平台以及设于工作平台上的海浪能转化机构、海浪能储能机构和海浪能发电机构，这些机构可以根据设计需要进行不同的结构变形、增减、替代进行组合，从而达到最佳的所需要的能量转换，达到不同的使用目的。其中：装置结构组合海浪能转化机构通过浮箱、杠杆、齿轮组及飞轮等结构将波浪起伏产生的海浪能转化为保证飞轮持旋转的机械能，海浪能储能机构则通过压缩气体对飞轮的机械能进行收集与存储，海浪能发电机构在压缩气体的驱动下实现发电。该海浪能发电装置实现了对海浪能的有效利用，其结构设计巧妙，按此方法进行设计的装置，浮箱与杠杆的设置形式能够有效收集浮箱因上下浮动的垂荡运动产生的能量，也有效降低了浮箱的横摇与纵摇，避免浮箱因横摇与纵摇损失能量，提升了能量转化效率；齿轮组及飞轮等结构将波浪起伏产生的海浪能转化为保证飞轮持续高速旋转的机械能；海浪能储能装置将产生的机械能转化为高压气体的内能，随后通过释放高压气体驱动空气轮机和发电机运转，能够实现对发电机的持久且稳定的供能，保证发电机的稳定运转；可以根据使用需求单独使用或多套组合形成模块单元，既可以小型化也可以大型化，应用范围广阔；可根据需要设计成各种发电设备，一次投入具有 长期收益。
本发明还提供了一种基于上述海浪能发电装置的海浪能发电方法，实现了对海浪能的有效利用，具有发电效果稳定、易于推广等优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的海浪能发电装置的原理示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的海浪能转化机构示意图之一；
图3为本发明实施例的海浪能转化机构示意图之二；
图4为某一实施例的换能组件与传动组件的连接示意图；
图5为另一实施例的换能组件与传动组件的连接示意图；
图6为本发明实施例的转化组件的齿轮布置示意图；
图7为本发明实施例的转化组件正转示意图；
图8为本发明实施例的转化组件反转示意图；
图9为本发明实施例的多级储气罐布置示意图；
图10为本发明实施例的海浪能发电装置用于航标灯时的结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例的海浪能发电装置设于发电船时的结构示意图；
图12为图11中的A处详图。
图中，1、工作平台；2、海浪能转化机构；21、换能组件；211、浮箱；212、杠杆；213、第一支架；214、摇摆头；214a、齿条；215、第一连杆；216、第二连杆；217、电动葫芦；218、钢丝绳；219、滑轨；22、传动组件；221、第二支架；222、第一链轮；223、第二链轮；224、链条；225、第一主动轮；226、第一从动轮；227、第一张紧轮；228、啮合齿轮；23、转化组件；231、输入齿轮；232、输出齿轮；233、飞轮；234、第一单向齿轮；235、第二单向齿轮；236、过渡齿轮；237、第一增速齿轮；238、第二增速齿轮；239、第一减速齿轮；239a、第二减速齿轮；3、海浪能储能机构；31、空气压缩机；32、高压储气罐； 321、一级储气罐；322、二级储气罐；323、三级储气罐；33、空气滤清器；34、第二主动轮；35、第二从动轮；36、第二张紧轮；37、压力表；38、压力传感器；4、海浪能发电机构；41、空气轮机；42、发电机；5、通气管路；51、安全阀。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
应当理解的是，本发明中采用术语“前”、“后”等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语，这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区别开。例如，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下“前”信息也可以被称为“后”信息，“后”信息也可以被称为“前”信息。
如图1至图12所示，本发明实施例提供了一种海浪能发电装置，其包括工作平台1以及设于工作平台1上的海浪能转化机构2、海浪能储能机构3和海浪能发电机构4，具体而言，海浪能转化机构2包括换能组件21、传动组件22和转化组件23，其中换能组件21包括浮箱211、第一支架213和杠杆212，浮箱211设于海面上并与杠杆212的一端铰接连接，杠杆212的支点与第一支架213铰接连接，杠杆212的另一端即阻力端设有呈弧形设置的摇摆头214，摇摆头214的弧形圆心与杠杆的支点相重合。实际使用时将浮箱211设置在海平面上，浮箱211可随着波浪的起伏上升或下降呈垂荡运动，浮箱211的上升与下降同样使与浮箱211铰接连接的杠杆212动力端发生上升与下降，杠杆212动力端的运动带动杠杆212阻力端的摇摆头214绕杠杆212的支点转动，如此，换能组件21将不稳定的海浪能转化为摇摆头214上下摆动的机械能。
进一步的，换能组件21通过传动组件22与转化组件23传动连接，如图2至图4所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，传动组件22包括设于第二支架221上的第一链轮222、第二链轮223、第一主动轮225和第 一从动轮226，第一链轮222通过链条224与第二链轮223传动连接，而链条224与摇摆头214连接，当链条224与摇摆头214固定连接时，链条224的两端交叉后分别固定在摇摆头214的弧面两端，第一主动轮225与第一链轮222设于同一转轴上并可在第一链轮222的驱动下与转轴一同转动，第一从动轮226通过第一传送带与第一主动轮225传动连接，第一从动轮226与转化组件23的输入齿轮231传动连接。基于上述结构，杠杆212的动力端的运动带动杠杆212阻力端的摇摆头214绕杠杆212的支点转动，与摇摆头214相连接的链条224在摇摆头214带动下运动，链条224的运动带动第一链轮222和第二链轮223发生转动，第一链轮222的转动带动第一主动轮225转动，第一主动轮225的转动通过第一传送带传递至第一从动轮226处并随着第一从动轮226的转动传递至转化组件23进而实现能量的传递。此时，杠杆212上下摆动产生的机械能由传动组件22转化为往复旋转的机械能。
需要注意的是，当传动各组件采用链条224完成能量传输时同样具有多种结构形式，在本申请的另外一些实施例中，摇摆头214的弧面上固定连接有齿条214a，链条224与齿条214a相啮合，此时齿条214a的转动同样可以带动链条224发生移动进而带动第一主动轮转动。
需要注意的是，越高功率的传递，杠杆212的结构就需要越大，在一些实施例中的传动组件之所以用链条224和第一链轮222、第二链轮223，是因为高功率动能传递转换时，杠杆212的阻力端的摇摆头214的直径过大有时甚至超过一米，但是在低动能转换要求的装置中，就没有问题，反而用链条、链轮组件就显得结构不够紧凑。因此，在实现能量传输的情况下，传动组件22显然还可以设为其他的结构形式，具体的，如图5所示，在本申请的另外一些实施例中，摇摆头214的弧面上同样设有齿条214a传动组件22包括设于第二支架221上的啮合齿轮228，啮合齿轮228与齿条214a相啮合，啮合齿轮228与第一主动轮225设于同一转轴上。与上述结构相类似的，本实施例通过设置啮合齿轮228代替第一链轮222和第二链轮223,齿条214a代替链条 224等结构，仅通过啮合齿轮228的转动即可带动第一主动轮225转动进而实现能量的转化与有效传递。
进一步的，如图3所示，部分实施例中传动组件22还包括用于张紧第一传送带的第一张紧轮227，第一张紧轮227可调节并控制第一传送带的张紧程度以适应第一主动轮225和第一从动轮226的转动，第一张紧轮227是第一传送带的张紧装置，当第一传送带的中心距不能调节时，可通过调节第一张紧轮227将第一传送带张紧以实现第一主动轮225和第一从动轮226的有效运转，当然操作人员也可以通过调松第一张紧轮227实现第一主动轮225和第一从动轮226的空转从而达到离合器的作用。
显而易见的，往复旋转的机械能同样不能很好的实现稳定可靠的发电，因此更进一步的，海浪能转化机构2还包括设于传动组件22后的转化组件23，具体的，如图6至图8所示，转化组件23包括输入轴、输出轴和过渡轴，其中输入轴套设有输入齿轮231，输出轴套设有输出齿轮232、飞轮233第一单向齿轮234、第二单向齿轮235，过渡轴套设有过渡齿轮组236，输入齿轮231与传动组件22的第一从动轮226传动连接，输入齿轮231与第一单向齿轮234相啮合，输入齿轮231还与过渡齿轮组236相啮合，过渡齿轮组236同样与第二单向齿轮235相啮合，第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235可在输入齿轮231的驱动下带动输出轴转动且二者带动输出轴的转动方向相同，输出齿轮232和飞轮233可随输出轴的转动一同转动。往复旋转的机械能经过第一从动轮226传递至输入齿轮231处，输入齿轮231会随着第一从动轮226的转动发生顺时针转动或逆时针转动，由于输入齿轮231同时与第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235相啮合，输入齿轮231的转动同样会带动第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235转动，需要解释的是，本申请的第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235为转动方向相同且单一的单向齿轮，对于本申请的第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235而言，其可在向指定方向转动时带动输出轴一同转动，而当第 一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235的转动方向发生变化时，第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235则因自身结构设置发生空转，此时第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235的转动无法带动转轴转动，不会对输出轴的转动造成影响。举例来说，假如规定本申请中第一单向齿轮234和第二单向齿轮235的转动方向为顺指针方向，当输入齿轮231顺时针转动时与其相啮合的第一单向齿轮234逆时针转动发生空转，第一单向齿轮234无法对轮轴造成影响，但是与输入齿轮231相啮合的过渡齿轮组236逆时针转动，过渡齿轮组236的转动带动与过渡齿轮组236相啮合的第二单向齿轮235顺指针转动，此时第二单向齿轮235的转动带动飞轮233转动；当输入齿轮231逆时针转动时与其相啮合的第一单向齿轮234顺时针转动带动输出轴转动，此时与输入齿轮231相啮合的过渡齿轮组236顺时针转动，与过渡齿轮组236相啮合的第二单向齿轮235逆时针转动空转，同样无法对输出轴的转动造成影响，也即不论输入齿轮231如何转动输出轴都会在第一单向齿轮234或第二单向齿轮235的带动下顺时针转动，设于输出轴上的飞轮233和输出齿轮232则随着输出轴的转动发生转动，也即往复旋转的机械能由转化组件23转化为单向旋转的机械能，进一步提升了能量供给的稳定性。
显而易见的，本申请的海浪能发电装置的能量转化在到达飞轮233处时已经趋于稳定，通过飞轮233的旋转已经可以向海浪能发电机构4提供较为稳定的能量来源，但是操作人员同样也注意到单向旋转的飞轮233同样会受到浮箱上下运动的限制，具体的，当海上的风浪较少时波浪起伏程度有效，此时仅依靠浮箱211的上下浮动无法保证为飞轮233的持续转动提供足够的动力。因此为了进一步提升能量的稳定程度，在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1至图3所示，该海浪能发电装置还包括海浪能储能机构3，具体的，其包括空气压缩机31和高压储气罐32，空气压缩机31通过连接组件与输出齿轮232传动连接，空气压缩机31通过通气管路5与高压储气罐32相连接。进一步的，在 本发明实施例中，连接组件包括第二主动轮34和第二从动轮35，输出齿轮232与第二主动轮34传动连接，第二从动轮35通过第二传送带与第二主动轮34传动连接，第二从动轮35设于空气压缩机31的输出轴上。海浪能发电装置运转时输出齿轮232向第二主动轮34输出动力，第二从动轮35在第二主动轮34的驱动下带动空气压缩机31运转，空气压缩机31持续不断对空气进行压缩并通过通气管路5将经过压缩的高压气体传输至高压储气罐32中，为了提升张紧效果，与第一主动轮225和第一从动轮226相类似的，连接组件中同样包括用于张紧第二传送带的第二张紧轮36。空气压缩机31与高压储气罐32的设置将单向旋转的机械能转化为压缩气体的内能，以实现对能量的收集与存储，存储在高压储气罐32内的压缩气体同样可通过通气管路5持续不断的向外输出，以实现能量的长效稳定输出。
可以发现的是，本申请中的换能组件21通过浮箱211的起伏使杠杆212的摇摆头214以杠杆212的支点为轴心，产生上下摆动的机械能，传动组件22将上下摆动的机械能转化为往复旋转的机械能，直至转化组件23时才将往复旋转的机械能转化为单向转动的机械能从而实现对发电结构的稳定供能，整个过程中换能组件21和转化组件23起到了极为关键的能量转化，传动组件22更多时候仅起到了能量传输的作用，也即在本申请的其他一些实施例中，该海浪能发电装置具有仅换能组件21和转化组件23的情况，这种设计同样可以实现对海浪能的有效转化，此种设计时,换能组件21的齿条214a与输入齿轮231传动连接,以实现换能组件21与转化组件23的有效连接，保证能量的合理传递。
与海浪能储能机构3相对应的，本申请的海浪能发电机构4包括空气轮机41和发电机42，空气轮机41同样通过通气管路5与高压储气罐32相连通，发电机42与空气轮机41传动连接，使用时高压储气罐32向空气轮机41释放高压气体，空气轮机41在高压气体的驱动下发生转动，空气轮机41的转动进一步带动发电机42运转从而实现持 续稳定的发电。当然，为了实现发电机42的发电空气轮机41也可以调整为气动马达。更进一步的，操作人员还可以设置其他中转机构利用压缩气体驱动其他结构的运转实现更多功能。
如此，该海浪能发电装置实现了对海浪能的有效利用，其结构设计巧妙，浮箱与杠杆的设置形式能够有效收集浮箱因上下浮动的垂荡运动产生的能量，也有效降低了浮箱的横摇与纵摇，避免浮箱因横摇与纵摇损失能量，提升了能量转化效率；海浪能储能装置将产生的机械能转化为高压气体的内能，随后通过释放高压气体驱动空气轮机和发电机运转，能够实现对发电机的持久且稳定的供能，保证发电机的稳定运转；可以根据使用需求单独使用或多套组合形成模块单元，既可以小型化也可以大型化，应用范围广阔；可根据需要设计成各种发电设备，一次投入具有长期收益。
可选的，如图1所示，对于本申请的浮箱211而言，在本申请的一些实施例中，其通过第一连杆215与杠杆212的动力端铰接连接，同时浮箱211本身还通过第二连杆216与支架铰接连接，第一连杆215与第二连杆216的设置提升了浮箱211的稳定度同时优化了浮箱211对杠杆212的作用程度，减小了能量传递过程中的损耗。
进一步的，换能组件21还包括设于工作平台1上的滑轨219以及设于滑轨219上的电动葫芦217，电动葫芦217通过钢丝绳218与第一连杆215固定连接。电动葫芦217可在滑轨219上滑动以实现对第一连杆215位置的调节，也即操作人员可通过电动葫芦217上的钢丝绳218拉动第一连杆215控制浮箱211的升降上限，同时钢丝绳218的设置也能够进一步提升浮箱211与工作平台1的连接，避免浮箱211在风浪中发生脱离，提升浮箱211的稳定性。
操作人员在实际使用时发现第一从动轮226的转速有限，如果仅依靠第一从动轮226的转动同样无法实现飞轮233的高速转动。为了解决这一技术问题，如图6至图8，所示转化组件23包括用于提升输入转速的增速齿轮组，具体的，增速齿轮组包括相互啮合的第一增速 齿轮237和第二增速齿轮238，为了实现增速效果，第一增速齿轮237的直径大于第二增速齿轮238的直径，第一增速齿轮237与第一从动轮226传动连接，第二增速齿轮238与输入齿轮231相啮合，第一从动轮226的转动带动第一增速齿轮237转动，第一增速齿轮237的转动进一步带动第二增速齿轮238转动，第二增速齿轮238的转动带动输出齿轮232完成转动，由于第一增速齿轮237的直径大于第二增速齿轮238的直径，大齿轮驱动小齿轮转动原有的转速得到提升，进而实现飞轮233的转速提升。
与之相类似的，转化组件23还包括用于降低输出转速的减速齿轮组，具体的，如图6至图8所示，减速齿轮组包括相互啮合第一减速齿轮239和第二减速齿轮239a，为了实现减速效果从而增大扭矩，第一减速齿轮239的直径小于第二减速齿轮239a的直径，第一减速齿轮239与输出齿轮232相啮合，第二减速齿轮239a与第二主动轮34同轴设置，输出齿轮232的转动带动第一减速齿轮239转动，第一减速齿轮239的转动进一步带动第二减速齿轮239a转动，第二减速齿轮239a的转动带动点皮带轮完成转动，由于第一减速齿轮239的直径小于第二减速齿轮239a的直径，小齿轮驱动大齿轮转动使得原本的转速降低，进而实现第二主动轮34的转速降低。
需要注意的是，由于空气中包含大量的杂质，这些气体不经过过滤直接被空气压缩机31吸入势必会对空气压缩机31及高压空气存储罐的正常使用造成一定的影响，严重时还会降低各部件的使用寿命。因此为了避免上述情况的发生，如图2和图3所示，海浪能储能机构3还包括与空气压缩机31相连接的空气滤清器33，空气滤清器33能够在空气压缩机吸入空气时对其中的杂质进行过滤，提升压缩气体的质量，保证各部件的正常使用。
进一步的，对于本申请的高压储气罐32而言，为了最大化海浪能储能装置的能量收集能力，高压储气罐32可以设有多个，各高压储气罐32均通过通气管路5与空气压缩机相连通，通气管路5上设有用于 控制气体流通的安全阀51，安全阀51设有多种，其包括调节阀和止回阀等。
显而易见的是，单独一台空气压缩机31的运行功率极为有限，而且仅经过单次压缩的高压气体可存储的能量十分有限，那么为了实现每m 3空气携带的能量只有对经过压缩的气体再次压缩。基于此，在本申请的一些实施例中，空气压缩机31和高压储气罐32设有多组，各组之间通过通气管路5依次连接。具体的，如图9所示，在本发明实施例中，空气压缩机和高压储气罐设有三组，高压储气罐32更是形成依次设置的一级储气罐321、二级储气罐322和三级储气罐323，各级储气罐之间通过通气管路5相连接，用于连接各级储气罐的通气管路5上同样设有空气压缩机31。
更进一步的，在本申请的一些实施例中，如图3所示，高压储气罐32上设有压力表37和压力传感器38等部件，操作人员可通过压力表37与压力传感器38及时了解高压储气罐内的压力情况并针对性的进行调节，实现压力的平衡与稳定，保证整个装置的正常运转。
可选的，在本申请的一些实施例中，该海浪能发电装置的发电机构还包括与各安全阀51和压力传感器38等结构电连接的中央控制系统(图未示)，中央控制系统可接收各传感器件传递的信息并对其进行分析与处理，随后控制相关的阀门开启与关闭，从而实现整个装置的自动化运行。
另外，对于本申请的工作平台1而言，其的设计形式同样是多种多样的，显然工作平台1的设置是需要根据海浪能转化机构2、海浪能储能机构3及海浪能发电机构4的设置数量及设置形式来确认的，其可以是一体化设计，也可以是分段式设置，在本申请的一些实施例中，工作平台1包括设于海面的海上平台(图未示)和设于路基的陆上平台(图未示)，设计人员根据使用需求将海浪能转化机构2设于海上平台，将海浪能储能机构3和海浪能发电机构4设于陆上平台，当然也可以将海浪能发电装置的各机构全部设于海上平台上。
进一步的，除了上述设置形式外工作平台1还包括其他多种形式，具体的，如图10所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，本申请的海浪能发电装置单独一套用于航标灯中，此时航标灯作为工作平台1使用，海浪能转化机构2、海浪能储能机构3和海浪能发电机构4均设于航标灯的底壳内；更进一步的，如图11和图12所示，在本申请的另外一些实施例中，海浪能发电装置多套结合设置在发电船上，此时发电船作为工作平台1使用，海浪能转化机构2、海浪能储能机构3和海浪能发电机构4均设于船体上。
显而易见的，对于本申请的海浪能发电装置来说，其既可以单独使用，也可以设置多套形成模块单元进行列阵使用，对于形成的模块单元而言同样可以单独使用或根据设计需要设置若干套模块单元组成模块矩阵。
另外，本发明还提供了一种基于海浪能发电装置的海浪能发电方法，其包括如下步骤：
S1、将浮箱设置于海面上，浮箱可随波浪的起伏上下浮动，浮箱的浮动带动杠杆绕支点转动，杠杆另一端的摇摆头随杠杆的转动上下摆动；
S2、摇摆头的摆动带动传动组件的第一主动轮转动，第一主动轮的转动带动第一从动轮转动；
S3、第一从动轮的转动带动输入齿轮和输出齿轮转动，输入齿轮和输出齿轮的转动通过单向齿轮组带动飞轮转动；
S4、飞轮的转动带动第二主动轮转动，第二主动轮的转动带动第二从动轮转动；
S5、第二从动轮的转动带动空气压缩机运转，将空气压缩并通过通气管路将压缩完成的高压气体传输至高压储气罐中；
S6、高压储气罐通过通气管路输送至空气轮机处，带动空气轮机运转，空气轮机的运转带动发电机运转完成发电。
综上所述，本发明提供了一种海浪能发电装置，其包括工作平台 以及设于工作平台上的海浪能转化机构、海浪能储能机构和海浪能发电机构，海浪能转化机构通过浮箱、杠杆、齿轮组及飞轮等结构一步步的将不断起伏的波浪中蕴含的海浪能转化为保证飞轮持续旋转的机械能，海浪能储能机构则通过压缩气体对转化为机械能的海浪能进行收集与存储。与现有技术相比，该海浪能发电装置实现了对海浪能的有效利用，其结构设计巧妙，浮箱与杠杆的设置形式能够有效收集浮箱因上下浮动的垂荡运动产生的能量，也有效降低了浮箱的横摇与纵摇，避免浮箱因横摇与纵摇损失能量，提升了能量转化效率；海浪能储能装置将产生的机械能转化为高压气体的内能，随后通过释放高压气体驱动空气轮机和发电机运转，能够实现对发电机的持久且稳定的供能，保证发电机的稳定运转；可以根据使用需求单独使用或多套组合形成模块单元，既可以小型化也可以大型化，应用范围广阔；可根据需要设计成各种发电设备，一次投入具有长期收益。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，包括工作平台以及设于所述工作平台上的海浪能转化机构、海浪能储能机构和海浪能发电机构，
    所述海浪能转化机构包括换能组件和转化组件，
    所述换能组件包括浮箱、杠杆和第一支架，所述浮箱设于海面上并与所述杠杆的一端铰接连接，所述杠杆的支点与所述第一支架铰接连接，所述杠杆的另一端固定连接有呈弧形设置的摇摆头，所述摇摆头的弧面圆心与所述杠杆的支点重合；
    所述转化组件包括输入轴、输出轴和过渡轴，所述输入轴套设有输入齿轮，所述输出轴套设有第一单向齿轮、第二单向齿轮、飞轮和输出齿轮，所述过渡轴套设有过渡齿轮组，所述输入齿轮通过传动组件与所述摇摆头传动连接，所述输入齿轮与所述第一单向齿轮传动连接，所述输入齿轮通过所述过渡齿轮组与所述第二单向齿轮传动连接，所述第一单向齿轮和所述第二单向齿轮可在所述输入齿轮的驱动下带动所述输出轴转动且二者带动所述输出轴的转动方向相同，所述输出齿轮和所述飞轮可随所述输出轴一同转动；
    所述海浪能储能机构包括空气压缩机和高压储气罐，所述空气压缩机通过连接组件与所述输出齿轮传动连接，所述空气压缩机通过通气管路与所述高压储气罐相连接；
    所述海浪能发电机构包括空气轮机和发电机，所述空气轮机通过所述通气管路与所述高压储气罐相连接，所述空气轮机与所述发电机传动连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述浮箱通过第一连杆与所述杠杆铰接连接，所述浮箱通过第二连杆与所述第一支架铰接连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述换能组件还包括设于所述工作平台上的滑轨以及设于所述滑轨上的电动 葫芦，所述电动葫芦通过钢丝绳与所述第一连杆相连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述传动组件包括第一链轮、第二链轮、第一主动轮和第一从动轮，所述第一链轮通过链条与所述第二链轮传动连接，所述链条的两端交叉后分别设置在所述摇摆头的弧顶两端，所述第一主动轮与所述第一链轮设于同一转轴上并可在所述第一链轮的驱动下转动，所述第一从动轮通过第一传送带与所述第一主动轮传动连接，所述第一从动轮与所述输入齿轮传动连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述摇摆头的弧面上设有齿条，所述传动组件包括啮合齿轮、第一主动轮和第一从动轮，所述啮合齿轮与所述齿条相啮合，所述第一主动轮与所述啮合齿轮设于同一转轴上并可在所述啮合齿轮的驱动下转动，所述第一从动轮通过第一传送带与所述第一主动轮传动连接，所述第一从动轮与所述输入齿轮传动连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述转化组件设有增速齿轮组，所述增速齿轮组包括相互啮合的第一增速齿轮和第二增速齿轮，所述第一增速齿轮与所述传动组件传动连接，所述第二增速齿轮与所述输入齿轮传动连接，所述第一增速齿轮的直径大于所述第二增速齿轮的直径。
  7. 根据权利要求1或6所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述转化组件设有减速齿轮组，所述减速齿轮组包括相互啮合第一减速齿轮和第二减速齿轮，所述第一减速齿轮与所述输出齿轮传动连接，所述第二减速齿轮与所述传动组件传动连接，所述第一减速齿轮的直径小于所述第二减速齿轮的直径。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述连接组件包括第二主动轮和第二从动轮，所述第二主动轮与所述输出齿轮传动连接，所述第二从动轮套设于所述空气压缩机的输出轴上并与通过第二传送带与所述第二主动轮传动连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述海浪能储能机构还包括与所述空气压缩机相连接的空气滤清器。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述高压储气罐包括依次设置的一级储气罐、二级储气罐和三级储气罐。
  11. 一种海浪能发电方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1、将浮箱设置于海面上，浮箱可随波浪的起伏上下浮动，浮箱的浮动带动杠杆绕支点转动，杠杆另一端的摇摆头随杠杆的转动上下摆动；
    S2、摇摆头的摆动带动传动组件的第一主动轮转动，第一主动轮的转动带动第一从动轮转动；
    S3、第一从动轮的转动带动输入齿轮和输出齿轮转动，输入齿轮和输出齿轮的转动通过单向齿轮组带动飞轮转动；
    S4、飞轮的转动带动第二主动轮转动，第二主动轮的转动带动第二从动轮转动；
    S5、第二从动轮的转动带动空气压缩机运转，将空气压缩并通过通气管路将压缩完成的高压气体传输至高压储气罐中；
    S6、高压储气罐通过通气管路输送至空气轮机处，带动空气轮机运转，空气轮机的运转带动发电机运转完成发电。
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