WO2023134050A1 - 一种医用变温水箱 - Google Patents

一种医用变温水箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134050A1
WO2023134050A1 PCT/CN2022/088092 CN2022088092W WO2023134050A1 WO 2023134050 A1 WO2023134050 A1 WO 2023134050A1 CN 2022088092 W CN2022088092 W CN 2022088092W WO 2023134050 A1 WO2023134050 A1 WO 2023134050A1
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Prior art keywords
water tank
temperature
water
variable
temperature control
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PCT/CN2022/088092
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English (en)
French (fr)
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侯晓彤
贾在申
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首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院
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Publication of WO2023134050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134050A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/10—Ultra-violet radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/12—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a medical variable temperature water tank.
  • the current variable temperature water tank product adopts the non-detachable water tank design scheme with small water filling port, which has the following problems:
  • the water inlet and outlet are easy to leak, causing pollution and breeding of toxic aerosols and other harmful substances;
  • the water tank system is bulky and difficult to carry, and is prone to failure during actual use.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a medical temperature-variable water tank that realizes quick disassembly of the water tank, convenient water change, and general medical staff can easily complete the water change operation and other problems.
  • a medical temperature-variable water tank including a box body, a control panel is arranged on the outer surface of the box body, a detachable and movable water tank is arranged in the box body, and the water tank There is a circulating working medium inside, and the circulating working medium of the water tank is precisely controlled through a two-stage variable temperature control circuit.
  • the primary variable temperature control circuit includes a cycle formed by a compressor, a heat pipe, a reversing valve, and a surface heat exchanger.
  • the secondary variable temperature control loop includes the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe, the external circulation branch, and the circulation loop formed by the semiconductor temperature control module.
  • the recovery valve one end of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are inserted into the circulating working medium, and the other end is connected to an external circulation shunt.
  • the preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is: there are three secondary variable temperature control loops, and each secondary variable temperature control loop accurately adjusts the outflow temperature according to the requirements of the external circulation branch.
  • the cyclic filling provides different heat transfer support.
  • a further preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is: the semiconductor temperature control module is connected to the power supply through an intelligent temperature controller; wherein, the intelligent temperature controller is based on the real-time The temperature signal controls the semiconductor refrigeration/heating module to choose temperature rise/fall.
  • the semiconductor temperature control module is a semiconductor cooling/heating chip.
  • One side of the box body is provided with a box door for taking out or putting in the water supply box.
  • the upper part of the water tank in the box is provided with a receiving plate, the upper part of the receiving plate is used to place the circulating pump, and the lower surface of the receiving plate is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection lamp.
  • the gap between the inner surface of the box and the water tank is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the present invention also includes a mobile trolley for carrying the water tank.
  • variable temperature water tank is compared with the current imported variable temperature water tank.
  • the scheme is reliable, with obvious characteristics and remarkable excellence, which is specifically reflected in the following aspects:
  • the water tank can be quickly disassembled through the convenient water tank with cart function, and the water change is convenient, and it needs auxiliary water addition and sewage collection equipment, without the need for manufacturers or professional maintenance personnel to enter the operating room for operation , ordinary medical staff can easily complete the water change operation; the lightweight detachable and convenient water replenishment solution is practical and greatly reduces the physical exertion of medical staff.
  • the muscle-enhancing convenient folding water replenishment cart mechanism water replacement and ice addition are light, labor-saving, simple and fast, and the idea of only pulling and not moving greatly improves the use efficiency of medical devices; through the convenient water replacement design, the traditional variable temperature water is greatly reduced.
  • the water inlet and outlet of the tank are easy to leak, causing pollution and breeding of toxic aerosols and other harmful substances;
  • UVC semiconductor ultraviolet LED small and safe, strong sterilization ability, almost zero disinfection cost, so that the water tank has the characteristics of antibacterial and hygienic, greatly reducing the frequency of water changes, reducing the work intensity for medical staff, and the long-term use cost is low;
  • variable temperature water tank 5. Almost perfectly solve the pain points of traditional variable temperature water tanks.
  • the design form of surface heat exchanger + high thermal conductivity TIMs material + completely closed circulating water circuit structurally avoids the hidden danger of infection caused by refrigerant leakage in conventional compression refrigeration systems, and the overall reliability of the variable temperature water tank is greatly improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure principle of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the front view of the general structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a rear view of the general structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the rear part of the secondary variable temperature control circuit in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional view of partial structure of ultraviolet disinfection lamp among the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a surface heat exchanger in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure principle of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of the general structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a rear view of the general structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the rear part of the secondary variable temperature control circuit of the present invention
  • Partial schematic diagram as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, a kind of medical variable temperature water tank of the present invention, comprises a box body 1, and the outer surface of box body 1 has control panel, and described box body 1 is equipped with a detachable and movable water tank 2. There is a circulating working medium 3 in the water tank 2.
  • the circulating working medium 3 in the water tank 2 is precisely controlled by a two-stage temperature-variable temperature control circuit.
  • the first-stage variable temperature control circuit includes a compressor. 4.
  • the circulation loop formed by the heat pipe 5, the reversing valve 6, and the surface heat exchanger 7, the surface heat exchanger 7 wraps around the bottom of the water tank 2, and the surface type high-efficiency heat exchanger is used to make it have good sensory control Power and ease of use simplify cleaning procedures and reduce the risk of contamination.
  • the secondary variable temperature control circuit includes a water inlet pipe 8, an outlet pipe 9, an external circulation branch 10, and a circulation circuit formed by a semiconductor temperature control module 11.
  • the water inlet pipe 8 is provided with a circulation pump 12, and the water outlet pipe 9 is provided with a recovery valve 13.
  • the valve 13 can realize one-key recovery after the cycle is completed, and collect all the working fluid in the pipeline to avoid residual working fluid in the pipeline.
  • One end of the water inlet pipe 8 and the water outlet pipe 9 are inserted into the circulating working fluid 3 , and the other end is connected to an external circulation branch 10 .
  • there are three secondary variable temperature control loops and each secondary variable temperature control loop accurately adjusts the outflow temperature according to the requirements of the external circulation branch 10, and is used for oxygenator, arresting fluid, etc. Cyclic filling provides different heat transfer support.
  • the semiconductor temperature control module 11 adopts a semiconductor refrigeration/heating chip (Fig. 4), and the semiconductor temperature control module is connected to a power supply through an intelligent temperature controller (not shown in the figure), and the intelligent temperature controller is set according to the circulating working fluid
  • the real-time temperature signal fed back by the high-sensitivity temperature sensor 14 in 3 controls the semiconductor refrigeration/heating module 11 to select temperature rise/fall.
  • the gap between the inner surface of the box body 1 and the water tank 2 is provided with an insulating layer 15 .
  • a receiving plate 16 is arranged at the upper position of the water tank 2 in the box body 1 , the upper part of the receiving plate 16 is used to place the circulating pump 12 , and the lower surface of the receiving plate 16 is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection lamp 17 .
  • the present invention adopts a high-efficiency non-contact heat exchange technical solution, and uses TIMs to greatly improve the heat exchange effect.
  • an ultraviolet disinfection module (ultraviolet disinfection lamp 17) is added to ensure The circulating working medium is hygienic and clean, eliminating the possibility of working medium being polluted from the circulation path.
  • one side of the tank body 1 of the present invention is provided with a tank door 18 for taking out or putting in the water supply tank 2 .
  • a convenient water replenishment storage mechanism as shown in Figure 7 is added.
  • open the bottom cabinet door pull out the foldable mobile trolley 19 and open it, open the water tank door 18 and pull out the water tank 2 to the
  • the mobile trolley 19 is automatically locked, and can be moved to a water source or an ice source for water replenishment or ice replenishment, and then put back in the casing 1, and the cabinet door can be automatically locked and installed.
  • an imported medium and high back pressure compressor is selected, and its cooling power is 2025W, better than the benchmark model.
  • the secondary semiconductor temperature control module is composed of three groups of semiconductor cooling/heating fins, and the cooling power of each group can reach up to 200W. Therefore, the overall refrigeration capacity is changed from 1350W to 2625W. Under the same refrigerant supply, the cooling rate is about doubled.
  • the cooling medium is pure water, and the storage capacity is 15kg.
  • the cooling rate of the water tank per unit time is calculated as follows:
  • the total volume of the heat-exchange working medium required to fill a set of circulation equipment such as the stop-pump fluid and the 3-meter-long standard pipeline is:
  • the working medium volume required to fully fill the three-way circulating working medium is:
  • the total storage volume of the water tank in this scheme is designed to be 18L. After removing the volume of 2.38L of working medium required for filling the three-way circulation pipeline, the working water volume is 15.62L. Therefore, the design of the water tank in this scheme can meet the requirements of filling 18L of water at a time, and can fill all the pipelines while ensuring the cooling working water volume of 15kg, and the filling water of the pipelines will not overflow the water tank after being withdrawn.
  • the refrigerant used in the compressor is R-134a, which has been widely used as a medium-low temperature environmentally friendly refrigerant. Due to its stable chemical properties, its thermal properties are very close to those of conventional freons such as R12. The most important thing is that R-134a does not contain chlorine that is harmful to the ozone layer, so its ozone depletion potential is zero, and its greenhouse effect potential is only 0.24-0.29. It is recognized as a new type of pollution-free refrigerant.
  • the compressor is planned to use the R-134a scroll compressor unit as shown in Figure 6.
  • This type of compressor is a low-temperature application compressor, which has the characteristics of high cooling capacity, low power consumption, high safety and stability, small vibration and low noise. Smooth operation and stable performance.
  • each consists of four semiconductor cooling chips, and the parameters of the cooling chips are shown in Table 3 below:
  • the technical solution of the present invention should be able to meet the technical requirements of the oxygenator heat exchanger stipulated in the Chinese pharmaceutical industry standard "YY 0604-2016 Cardiopulmonary Bypass System Blood-gas Exchanger (Oxygenator)", which is better than "ISO 7199: 2009 heart Vascular Implants and Artificial Organ Blood-Gas Exchanger (Oxygenator) "The international standard requirements are more suitable for my country's national conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

一种医用变温水箱，包括箱体（1），箱体（1）外表面有控制面板，箱体（1）内设置有可拆卸移动的水箱（2），水箱（2）内有循环工质（3），水箱（2）的循环工质（3）通过两级变温控温回路进行精准控温，一级变温控温回路包括压缩机（4）、导热管（5）、换向阀（6）、表面式换热器（7）形成的循环回路，表面式换热器（7）包裹水箱（2）底部四周；二级变温控温回路包括进水管（8）、出水管（9）、外接循环分路（10）、半导体控温模块（11）形成的循环回路，进水管（8）设有循环泵（12），出水管（9）设有回收阀（13），进水管（8）和出水管（9）的一端插入循环工质（3）内，另一端连接外接循环分路（10）, 解决了现有变温水箱进出水口易泄露，产生污染，滋生有毒气溶胶等有害物质的技术问题。

Description

一种医用变温水箱 技术领域
本申请涉及医疗设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种医用变温水箱。
背景技术
当前变温水箱产品采用小尺寸水加注口的不可拆卸水箱设计方案，存在如下问题：
1.进出水口易泄露，产生污染，滋生有毒气溶胶等有害物质；
2.实际使用过程中，由于水箱无法拆卸，带来换水极不方便，需要借助辅助加水、收集污水设备，且需要厂家或专业的维护人员进入手术室操作；
3.无消毒功能，需要频繁换水，维护不方便、长期使用成本高；
4.采用氟利昂为制冷工质的压缩制冷系统，长期使用缓慢泄露或故障泄露后排放的工质对臭氧层有破坏，极不环保；
水箱系统体积庞大，搬运困难，实际使用过程中极易产生故障。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的是提供一种实现水箱的快速拆卸、换水方便、一般的医护人员均能轻松完成换水操作问题以及其它问题的医用变温水箱。
为实现本发明的发明目的，本发明提供的技术方案是：一种医用变温水箱，包括一箱体，箱体外表面有控制面板，所述的箱体内设置有可拆卸移动的水箱，水箱内有循环工质，水箱的循环工质通过两级变温控温回路进行精准控温，其中，一级变温控温回路包括压缩机、导热管、换向阀、表面式换热器形成的循环回路，表面式换热器包裹水箱底部四周；二级变温控温回路包括进水管、出水管、外接循环分路、半导体控温模块形成的循环回路，进水管设有循环泵，出水管设有回收阀，进水管和出水管的一端插入循环工质内，另一端连接外接循环分路。
本发明提供的优选的技术方案是：所述的二级变温控温回路为三个，每 个二级变温控温回路根据外接循环分路的要求，精确调节出流温度，为外接循环分路的循环加注提供不同的换热支持。
本发明提供的进一步的优选技术方案是：所述的半导体控温模块通过智能控温器连接电源；其中，所述的智能控温器根据设置在循环工质内的高灵敏度温度传感器反馈的实时温度信号，控制半导体制冷/加热模块选择升温/降温。
其中，所述的半导体控温模块为半导体制冷/加热片。
所述的箱体一侧设有供水箱取出或放入的箱门。
本发明提供的另外的优选技术方案是：所述的箱体内位于水箱的上部位置处设置有承接板，承接板上部用于放置循环泵，承接板下表面设置有紫外线消毒灯。
进一步的，所述的箱体内表面与水箱之间的间隙设置有保温层。
为方便水箱的换水操作，本发明还包括一配合水箱搬运的移动小车。
本发明的有益效果是：
综上所述，可以明确本变温水箱设计方案与现行进口变温水箱对比，方案可靠，特质明显，优异性显著，具体体现在以下几个方面：
1、在实际使用过程中，通过便捷的自带推车功能的水箱，实现水箱的快速拆卸，换水方便，且需要借助辅助加水、收集污水设备，无需厂家或专业的维护人员进入手术室操作，一般的医护人员均能轻松完成换水操作；轻量化拆装式便捷补水方案实用且极大减轻医护人员体力消耗。通过增肌便捷式折叠补水车机构，补换水、加冰轻便省力、简单快捷，只拉不搬的思路极大提高了医疗器械的使用效率；通过便捷的换水设计大大减少了传统变温水箱进出水口易泄露，产生污染，滋生有毒气溶胶等有害物质等问题；
2、自带紫外消毒功能，深紫外波段超强消毒杀菌效果。采用UVC半导体紫外线LED，小巧安全，杀菌能力强，几近为零的消毒成本，使水箱具有抗菌卫生的特点，大大减少换水频次，为医护人员降低工作强度，且长期使用成本较低；
3、通过无公害制冷剂R-134a压缩机组，制冷效率高，无公害环保制冷机组对大气臭氧层零破坏，节能环保；
4、采用军工领域性能显著的热控产品提升产品性能。采用热导率参数 极高的导热膜、低接触热阻界面材料等产品，结合人体工程学设计手段，水箱系统小巧、高性能且耐用，故障率极低，保证了产品的性能优异与普通市面产品短期内的不可超越；
5、几近完美的解决传统变温水箱的使用痛点。表面式换热器+高导热TIMs材料+循环水路完全封闭的设计形式，从结构上规避了常规压缩制冷系统制冷剂泄露造成的感染隐患，整体变温水箱可靠性大幅提升。
附图简要说明
图1为本发明的总体结构原理简图；
图2为本发明实物总体结构正向视图；
图3为本发明实物总体结构后向视图；
图4为本发明中二级变温控温回路后部局部示意图；
图5为本发明中紫外线消毒灯的局部结构剖视图；
图6为本发明中表面式换热器局部结构剖视图；
图7为本发明的使用状态示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
图1为本发明的总体结构原理简图，图2为本发明实物总体结构正向视图，图3为本发明实物总体结构后向视图，图4为本发明中二级变温控温回路后部局部示意图，如图1、图2、图3、图4所示出的，本发明的一种医用变温水箱，包括一箱体1，箱体1外表面有控制面板，所述的箱体1内设置有可拆卸移动的水箱2，水箱2内有循环工质3，水箱2的循环工质3通过两级变温控温回路进行精准控温，其中，一级变温控温回路包括压缩机4、导热管5、换向阀6、表面式换热器7形成的循环回路，表面式换热器7包裹水箱2底部四周，采用表面式高效换热器，更使其具有良好的感控能力与易用性，简化了清洁程序，降低了污染风险。二级变温控温回路包括进水管8、出水管9、外接循环分路10、半导体控温模块11形成的循环回路，进水管8设有循环泵12，出水管9设有回收阀13，回收阀13可在循环完成后实现一键回收，将管路中的工质全部收集，避免工质在管路中残留。进水管8 和出水管9的一端插入循环工质3内，另一端连接外接循环分路10。本实施例中，所述的二级变温控温回路为三个，每个二级变温控温回路根据外接循环分路10的要求，精确调节出流温度，为氧合器、停跳液等循环加注提供不同的换热支持。
其中，所述的半导体控温模块11采用半导体制冷/加热片(图4)，半导体控温模块通过智能控温器(图中未示出)连接电源，智能控温器根据设置在循环工质3内的高灵敏度温度传感器14反馈的实时温度信号，控制半导体制冷/加热模块11选择升温/降温。箱体1内表面与水箱2之间的间隙设置有保温层15。
如图5所示，所述的箱体1内位于水箱2的上部位置处设置有承接板16，承接板16上部用于放置循环泵12，承接板16下表面设置有紫外线消毒灯17。
如图6所示，本发明采用高效无接触式换热技术方案，并采用TIMs大幅提升换热效果，在物理隔绝制冷剂的基础上，增加紫外线消杀模块(紫外线消毒灯17)，保障了循环工质卫生清洁，从循环路径上杜绝了工质被污染的可能性。
如图7所示，本发明的箱体1一侧设有供水箱2取出或放入的箱门18。为方便水箱的换水操作，增加了如图7所示的便捷式补水收纳机制，使用时打开底柜门，拉出折叠式移动小车19并打开，打开水箱门18后将水箱2拉出至移动小车19上自动锁紧，可移动至水源或冰源进行补水或补冰，之后装回箱体1中，关闭柜门即可自动锁紧安装。
下面就本发明具体采用的元器件进行具体的说明：
1)设计选型参数
①制冷量
对标国际前沿某型号变温水箱，其制冷能力为1350W，在此基础上，为更快达到换热量目标的实现，同时考虑到安全性，选用进口中高背压压缩机，其制冷功率为2025W，优于对标机型。二级半导体控温模块由三组半导体制冷/制热片组成，每组制冷功率最高可达200W。因此，整体的制冷能力由1350W↑2625W，在同样的制冷工质供应量下，降温速率提高约一倍。
表1 技术参数对标一览
性能 某进口变温水箱 本方案设计 对标性能先进性
控温范围 1.0℃～40.5℃ 1.0℃～40.5℃ 相当
控温精度 ±0.3℃ ±0.1℃ 优于
水箱体积 28L 18L 优于
制冷供应量 15kg 15kg 相当
制冷能力 1350W 2025W+3*200W 优于
出流流量 0～18.5L/min 0～18.5L/min 相当
出流压力 1.5bar 1.0～2.0bar 优于
整机尺寸 1133*507*703mm 3 900*560*630mm 3 优于
整机重量 154kg 78kg 优于
紫外线杀菌 14W 18W 优于
②降温速率
以制冷能力2025W计算，制冷工质为纯净水，储量15kg，单位时间内水箱降温速率计算如下：
Figure PCTCN2022088092-appb-000001
③水箱体积
以某进口型号ECMO成人套包氧合器中换热工质所占容积不大于100ml，充盈一套氧合器与3米长的标准管路共需要换热工质的容积为：
V 1＝100ml+2*lA＝100ml+2*300*0.475 2*π＝525.3ml
以停跳液等循环设备中换热工质所占容积不大于500ml，充盈一套停跳液等循环设备与3米长的标准管路共需要换热工质的容积为：
V 2＝V 3＝500ml+2*lA＝500ml+2*300*0.475 2*π＝925.3ml
因此，完全充盈三路循环工质所需要的工质容积为：
V total＝V 1+V 2+V 3＝2.38L
本方案水箱设计总储水容积18L，去除三路循环管路充盈所需的工质容积2.38L后，工作水量为15.62L。因此，采用本方案水箱设计，能够满足一次装水18L后，在保证15kg的制冷工作水量时能充盈所有管路，也既管路充盈水量在撤收后不溢出水箱。
2)主要元件选型
①冷媒选型
压缩机冷媒选用已广泛使用的中低温环保制冷剂R-134a，由于其稳定的化学性质，热力性质非常接近R12等常规氟利昂，对人体无害，而且没有碳氢制冷剂易爆炸的缺陷，更为重要的是，R-134a不含对臭氧层有害的氯元素，使其臭氧消耗潜能为零，温室效应潜能仅为0.24～0.29，是公认的新型无公害制冷剂。
表2 R12与新型环保制冷剂R-134a物性对比
项目制冷剂 R12 R-134a
代号 CFC-12 HFC-134a
分子量 120 102.03
沸点 -29.8℃ -26.1℃
凝固点 -155℃ -101℃
临界点 112℃ 101.1℃
汽化潜热 165.3kJ/kg 215.0kJ/kg
臭氧破坏潜能ODP 1.0 0.0
温室反应潜能GWP 2.8～3.4 0.24～0.29
②压缩机选型
压缩机拟选用如图6所示R-134a涡旋压缩机组，该型压缩机为低温应用压缩机，具有高制冷量、低功耗以及安全和稳定性高的特点，振动小、噪音低，运转平稳，性能稳定。
③半导体制冷/制热片
二级控温中，每个由四块半导体制冷片组成，制冷片的参数如下表3所示：
表3 半导体致冷片选型参数一览
Figure PCTCN2022088092-appb-000002
本发明的技术方案应能够满足中国医药行业标准《YY 0604-2016心肺转流系统血气交换器(氧合器)》规定的氧合器热交换器的技术性要求，优于《ISO 7199：2009心血管植入物及人工器官血-气交换器(氧合器)》的国际标准要求，更加适合我国国情。
所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种医用变温水箱，包括一箱体，箱体外表面有控制面板，其特征在于，所述的箱体内设置有可拆卸移动的水箱，水箱内有循环工质，水箱的循环工质通过两级变温控温回路进行精准控温，其中，一级变温控温回路包括压缩机、导热管、换向阀、表面式换热器形成的循环回路，表面式换热器包裹水箱底部四周；二级变温控温回路包括进水管、出水管、外接循环分路、半导体控温模块形成的循环回路，进水管设有循环泵，出水管设有回收阀，进水管和出水管的一端插入循环工质内，另一端连接外接循环分路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的医用变温水箱，其特征在于，所述的二级变温控温回路为三个，每个二级变温控温回路根据外接循环分路的要求，精确调节出流温度，为外接循环分路的循环加注提供不同的换热支持。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的医用变温水箱，其特征在于，所述的半导体控温模块通过智能控温器连接电源；其中，所述的智能控温器根据设置在循环工质内的高灵敏度温度传感器反馈的实时温度信号，控制半导体制冷/加热模块选择升温/降温。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的医用变温水箱，其特征在于，所述的半导体控温模块为半导体制冷/加热片。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的医用变温水箱，其特征在于，所述的箱体一侧设有供水箱取出或放入的箱门。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的医用变温水箱，其特征在于，所述的箱体内位于水箱的上部位置处设置有承接板，承接板上部用于放置循环泵，承接板下表面设置有紫外线消毒灯。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的医用变温水箱，其特征在于，所述的箱体内表 面与水箱之间的间隙设置有保温层。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的医用变温水箱，其特征在于，还包括一配合水箱搬运的移动小车。
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