WO2023133841A1 - 一种电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法、设备 - Google Patents

一种电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法、设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023133841A1
WO2023133841A1 PCT/CN2022/072142 CN2022072142W WO2023133841A1 WO 2023133841 A1 WO2023133841 A1 WO 2023133841A1 CN 2022072142 W CN2022072142 W CN 2022072142W WO 2023133841 A1 WO2023133841 A1 WO 2023133841A1
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Prior art keywords
battery cell
electrode assembly
insulator
extension
main body
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PCT/CN2022/072142
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孔攀
林文法
唐鸣浩
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/072142 priority Critical patent/WO2023133841A1/zh
Publication of WO2023133841A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023133841A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, a method for manufacturing a battery cell, and a cell manufacturing device.
  • Chemical battery, electrochemical battery, electrochemical battery or electrochemical cell refers to a type of device that converts the chemical energy of positive and negative active materials into electrical energy through redox reactions. Different from ordinary redox reactions, the oxidation and reduction reactions are carried out separately, the oxidation is at the negative electrode, the reduction is at the positive electrode, and the gain and loss of electrons are carried out through the external circuit, so a current is formed. This is an essential characteristic of all batteries. After long-term research and development, chemical batteries have ushered in a variety of varieties and a wide range of applications. Colossal installations as large as a building can fit, and types as small as millimeters. The development of modern electronic technology puts high demands on chemical batteries. Every breakthrough in chemical battery technology has brought about revolutionary developments in electronic equipment. Many electrochemical scientists in the world have focused their research and development interests on the field of chemical batteries used as power for electric vehicles.
  • lithium-ion battery As a kind of chemical battery, lithium-ion battery has the advantages of small size, high energy density, high power density, many cycle times and long storage time. It has been used in some electronic equipment, electric vehicles, electric toys and electric equipment. Widely used, for example, lithium-ion batteries are currently widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric aircraft, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy planes and electric tools, etc.
  • lithium-ion batteries includes three levels: battery cells, battery modules and battery packs.
  • battery cells battery cells
  • battery modules battery packs.
  • higher requirements are put forward for the performance of lithium-ion batteries, but the existing manufacturing technology is difficult to meet the requirements.
  • This application proposes a battery cell, battery, electrical device, and battery cell manufacturing method and equipment.
  • the combination method avoids the phenomenon of over-melting wire drawing and unmelted falling off of the protective film caused by hot-melt connection.
  • a battery cell including:
  • An electrode assembly accommodated in the accommodation chamber, the electrode assembly includes a main body and tabs extending from the main body;
  • a first insulator disposed on a side of the end cap close to the electrode assembly, for isolating the end cap from the electrode assembly
  • a second insulator configured to be sheathed on the outer periphery of the main body
  • the first insulator includes an extension extending away from the end cap, and the extension overlaps with the second insulator on the outer periphery of the main body.
  • the first insulator and the second insulator are fastened and fitted on the electrode assembly from two directions, and there is no need to use hot-melt bonding during the assembly process, which can avoid the one-way fit of the protective film And the phenomenon of wire drawing, virtual welding, desoldering, super high and so on produced by hot melt fixing.
  • the extension part can effectively prevent the contact between the tab and the housing to form insulation isolation. The fastening of the first insulator and the second insulator saves time and labor in the assembly process, and speeds up the production efficiency of the battery.
  • the extension is located inside the second insulator.
  • the extension part By arranging the extension part on the inner side of the second insulating part, the assembly among multiple parts is facilitated, and it is convenient for the electrode assembly to enter the case. If the extension part is arranged outside the second insulator, it will hinder the electrode assembly from entering the case.
  • the first insulator includes a partition, the partition is parallel to the end cap, and the extension is integrally formed with the partition.
  • extension part and the isolation part integrally, the assembly steps can be simplified and the assembly efficiency can be accelerated.
  • a weakened area is provided between the extension part and the isolation part.
  • extension part By setting the weak area, it is convenient to fold the extension part, and the extension part and the isolation part are in a flat state before assembly, which is convenient for process assembly, such as end cap incoming material transfer, tab and end cap welding.
  • process assembly such as end cap incoming material transfer, tab and end cap welding.
  • the extension is folded after assembly, and after folding the extension extends away from the end cap.
  • the first insulator includes a first portion and a second portion that are separated, the first portion is disposed between the second portion and the end cap, the first portion is parallel to the Described end cap.
  • the second part can be used to provide the extension part, that is, the extension part is provided separately and then assembled with the first part, which makes it more convenient to manufacture the extension part.
  • the second portion includes a support portion and the extension portion, the support portion is parallel to the end cap, and the extension portion is integrally formed with the support portion.
  • the support part is used to fix the second part between the electrode assembly and the end cap, and the extension part can be folded relative to the support part, so as to facilitate the manufacture of the first insulating part.
  • the first part and the second part are fixed by heat fusion.
  • the assembly of the first part and the second part can be realized quickly by adopting the hot-melt fixing method.
  • a weakened area is provided between the extension part and the support part.
  • extension part By setting the weak area, it is convenient to fold the extension part, and the extension part and the support part are in a flat state before assembly, which is convenient for process assembly, such as end cap incoming material transfer, tab and end cap welding. Fold the extension after assembly.
  • the extension part includes four protection parts, the four protection parts are respectively provided corresponding to the four sides of the main body part, and gaps are provided between the protection parts.
  • the electrolyte can enter the electrode assembly through the gap, which is beneficial to the absorption and infiltration of the electrolyte by the electrode assembly.
  • the main body portion includes a thinned area, the thinned area is located at the end of the main body portion close to the end cap, and the portion where the extension portion overlaps with the second insulating member is located at the end portion of the main body portion.
  • the outer periphery of the thinned area is located at the end of the main body portion close to the end cap, and the portion where the extension portion overlaps with the second insulating member is located at the end portion of the main body portion.
  • the first part and the second part are positioned by a first positioning part and a second positioning part, the first positioning part is a boss, and the boss protrudes toward the second part , the second positioning part is a hole, and the position of the boss corresponds to the position of the hole.
  • the first part and the second part can be combined through the positioning part, so that the first part and the second part can maintain a relative positional relationship during assembly, which is convenient for assembly and further heat-melt fixing.
  • bosses and holes are all structures provided for other purposes.
  • the positioning of the first part and the second part is realized through these structures.
  • These structures add new functions and do not need to be separately provided with a positioning mechanism on the first part and the second part. Simplifies the structure of the battery cell and reduces the manufacturing cost
  • the first part and the second part are aligned through the third positioning part and the fourth positioning part, the third positioning part and the fourth positioning part are both holes, and the positions of the holes are Corresponding.
  • the above-mentioned holes are also structures provided for other purposes. Through these structures, the alignment of the first part and the second part is realized, which is convenient for continuing to implement hot-melt fixation or positioning. These structures add new functions and do not need the first part and the second part The alignment mechanism is provided separately on the battery cell, which simplifies the structure of the battery cell and reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the height of the extension part is H1
  • the height of the main part is H2
  • the height of the extension part is not too large, which is convenient for manufacturing and assembling the battery cells, and the height of the second insulating part can be relatively large.
  • a battery which includes the battery cell described in any one of the above items.
  • an electric device which includes the battery cell described in any one of the above, and the battery cell is used to provide electric energy.
  • a method for manufacturing a battery cell including:
  • Electrode assembly includes a main body and tabs extending from the main body;
  • the second insulator is sheathed on the outer periphery of the main body of the electrode assembly, and the extension part overlaps the second insulator on the outer periphery of the main body;
  • a housing is provided, and the end cap is connected with the housing to form a housing cavity for housing the electrode assembly.
  • a battery cell manufacturing equipment including:
  • an assembling module configured to isolate the first insulator from the end cap and the electrode assembly, sleeve the second insulator on the outer periphery of the main body of the electrode assembly, and make the extension part and the electrode assembly
  • the second insulator is overlapped on the outer periphery of the main body, and connects the end cover with the casing to form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of some embodiments of a vehicle using a battery cell of the present application
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of some embodiments of a battery using a battery cell of the present application
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of an exploded state of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a housing cavity according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of a first insulating member according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery cell (not including the casing) according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic front view of a battery cell (excluding the casing) according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 8 shows a sectional view along A-A in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 shows an enlarged view of part B in Figure 8.
  • Fig. 10 shows a schematic front view of the unfolded state of the first insulator according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 11 shows a schematic perspective view of an exploded state of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 12 shows a schematic perspective view of a first part of a first insulating member according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 13 shows a schematic perspective view of a second part of the first insulator according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 14 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 15 shows a schematic front view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 16 shows a sectional view along C-C in Figure 15;
  • Figure 17 shows an enlarged view of part D in Figure 16
  • Fig. 18 shows a schematic front view of the unfolded state of the second part of the first insulator according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 19 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the clamping structure of the first insulator and the second insulator according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 20 shows a schematic perspective view of the clamping structure of the first insulator and the second insulator according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 21 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 22 shows a schematic structural diagram of a manufacturing device for a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • first, second and the like in the description and claims of the present application or the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific sequence or primary-subordinate relationship.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • plural means two or more.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • a battery refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, etc.
  • Rechargeable batteries are also called secondary batteries (Secondary Battery) or secondary batteries, storage batteries.
  • Secondary Battery Secondary Battery
  • the manufacturing materials and process of rechargeable batteries are different from those of disposable batteries. Its advantage is that it can be used repeatedly after charging, and the output current load capacity of rechargeable batteries is higher than that of most disposable batteries.
  • the common types of rechargeable batteries are: lead-acid batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of light weight, large capacity (capacity is 1.5 times to 2 times that of nickel-metal hydride batteries of the same weight), no memory effect, etc., and have a very low self-discharge rate, so even if the price is relatively high, you can still get general application.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are also used in pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries used for this purpose have relatively low capacity, but have larger output, charging current, and some have longer life, but the cost is higher .
  • Lithium-ion batteries (referring to: battery cells) mainly rely on lithium ions to move between the positive pole and the negative pole to work.
  • Li-ion batteries use an intercalated lithium compound as an electrode material.
  • the main positive electrode materials used for lithium-ion batteries are: lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), lithium manganate (LiMn2O4), lithium nickelate (LiNiO2) and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4).
  • a separator is arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to form a thin film structure with three layers of materials.
  • the film structure is usually wound or stacked to form an electrode assembly of a desired shape. For example, a thin-film structure of three layers of material in a cylindrical battery is wound into a cylindrical-shaped electrode assembly, while a thin-film structure in a prismatic battery is wound or stacked into an electrode assembly having a roughly rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • a plurality of battery cells may be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications.
  • the application of battery cells includes three levels: battery cells, battery modules and battery packs.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application include battery modules or battery packs.
  • a battery module is formed by electrically connecting a certain number of batteries together and putting them in a frame in order to protect the batteries from external shock, heat, vibration, etc.
  • the battery pack is the final state of the battery system that goes into an electric vehicle.
  • Most of the current battery packs are made by assembling various control and protection systems such as battery management system (BMS) and thermal management components on one or more battery modules.
  • BMS battery management system
  • thermal management components With the development of technology, the level of the battery module can be omitted, that is, a battery is directly formed from a plurality of battery cells. This improvement has improved the gravimetric energy density and volumetric energy density of the battery while significantly reducing the number of components.
  • the present application clasps and wraps the electrode assembly by setting the first insulator and the second insulator, and does not need to use hot-melt bonding in the assembly process, avoiding the over-melting of the protective film caused by the hot-melt connection. shedding etc.
  • the batteries disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • the power supply system composed of the battery cells and batteries disclosed in this application can be used to form the power consumption device, which is beneficial to improve battery performance and battery life.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 7 as an example of an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is used as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 7 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 7 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 7 is provided with a battery 8 , and the battery 8 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 7 .
  • the battery 8 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 7 , for example, the battery 8 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 7 .
  • the vehicle 7 may also include a controller 9 and a motor 10 , the controller 9 is used to control the battery 8 to supply power to the motor 10 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 7 .
  • the battery 8 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 7, but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 7, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 7.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery 8 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 8 includes a case 12 and battery cells 11 housed in the case 12 .
  • the box body 12 is used to provide accommodating space for the battery cells 11 , and the box body 12 may adopt various structures.
  • the case body 12 may include an upper cover 1201 and a lower case body 1202, the upper cover 1201 and the lower case body 1202 cover each other, and the upper cover 1201 and the lower case body 1202 jointly define an of accommodation space.
  • the lower box body 1202 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the upper cover 1201 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the upper cover 1201 covers the opening side of the lower box body 1202, so that the upper cover 1201 and the lower box body 1202 jointly define an accommodation space
  • the upper cover 1201 and the lower box 1202 can also be hollow structures with one side opening, and the opening side of the upper cover 1201 is closed to the opening side of the lower box 1202 .
  • the box body 12 formed by the upper cover 1201 and the lower box body 1202 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • the battery 8 there may be multiple battery cells 11 , and the multiple battery cells 11 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 11 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 11 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 11 is accommodated in the box 12; of course, the battery 8 can also be a plurality of battery cells 11
  • the battery modules are firstly connected in series or parallel or in combination, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a whole, which is accommodated in the box 12 .
  • the battery 8 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 8 may also include a bus component (not shown in the figure) for realizing electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells 11 .
  • each battery cell 11 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 11 can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery cell 11 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 11 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery 8 .
  • the battery cell 11 includes an end cap 1 , an electrode assembly 3 , a casing 5 and other functional components.
  • the end cap 1 refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing 5 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 11 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 1 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 5 to fit the housing 5 .
  • the end cover 1 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cover 1 is not easily deformed when it is squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 11 can have a higher Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 102 may be provided on the end cap 1 .
  • the electrode terminal 102 can be used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 3 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 11 .
  • the material of the end cap 1 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulator 2 can also be provided inside the end cover 1 , and the insulator 2 can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 5 from the end cover 1 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member 2 may be plastic, rubber or the like.
  • an interface for monitoring the inside of the cell is also provided on the end cap 1 , and the internal condition of the cell is monitored through the monitoring interface.
  • the casing 5 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 1 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 11 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 3 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the housing 5 and the end cover 1 can be independent components, and an opening can be provided on the housing 5 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 11 can be formed by making the end cover 1 cover the opening at the opening.
  • the end cover 1 and the housing 5 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 1 and the housing 5 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the inside of the housing 5 needs to be encapsulated , then make the end cover 1 cover the housing 5.
  • the housing 5 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on. Specifically, the shape of the casing 5 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 3 .
  • the housing 5 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 3 is a component in the battery cell 11 that is soaked in the electrolyte solution to undergo an electrochemical reaction.
  • the casing 5 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 3 .
  • the electrode assembly 3 is mainly formed by winding or laminating a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 3 , and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute the tabs 302 .
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body 301 together or at two ends of the main body 301 respectively.
  • a transition part 303 is provided between the tabs 302 of adjacent battery cells 11 , and the tabs 302 and the electrode terminals 102 are connected through the transition part 303 .
  • a battery cell 11 As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is a battery cell 11 according to an embodiment of the present application, including an end cover 1 and a housing 5, and the end cover 1 and the housing 5 form an accommodating chamber 6; the battery cell 11 also includes The electrode assembly 3, the electrode assembly 3 is accommodated in the housing chamber 6, the electrode assembly 3 includes a main body 301 and a tab 302 extending from the main body 301; the battery cell 11 also includes a first insulating member 2, the first insulating member 2 It is arranged on the side of the end cap 1 close to the electrode assembly 3 for isolating the end cap 1 and the electrode assembly 3.
  • the battery cell 11 also includes a second insulator 4, which is used to be sleeved on the main body 301 Outer periphery; wherein, the first insulating member 2 includes an extension portion 201 extending away from the end cap 1 , and the extension portion 201 overlaps with the outer periphery of the main body portion 301 of the second insulating member 4 .
  • the first insulator 2 and the second insulator 4 are fastened and fitted on the electrode assembly 3 from two directions, and there is no need to use hot-melt bonding during the assembly process, which can avoid damage to the protective film Wire drawing, virtual welding, desoldering, super high and other phenomena caused by one-way fitting and hot-melt fixing.
  • the direction indicated by Z1 in FIG. 3 is the fastening direction of the first insulator 2
  • the direction indicated by Z2 is the fastening direction of the second insulator 4 .
  • the extension part 201 can effectively prevent the contact between the tab 302 and the housing 5 to form an insulating isolation.
  • the fastening of the first insulator 2 and the second insulator 4 saves time and labor in the assembly process, and speeds up the battery production efficiency.
  • the battery cell 11 in this embodiment may be in the shape of a cuboid or a cube, and the shape of a cuboid is shown in the drawings.
  • the second insulating member 4 is generally called mylar in the technical field and is a polyester film.
  • the material of the extension portion 201 is the same as that of the first insulating member 2 , or the same as that of the second insulating member 4 .
  • the extension portion 201 is located inside the second insulator 4 .
  • the size of the extension part 201 and the second insulator 4 needs to be adaptively designed: the inner width of the second insulator 4 is greater than the outer width of the extension part 201, and the inner length of the second insulator 4 is greater than that of the extension part 201. Outer length.
  • the extension part 201 By arranging the extension part 201 on the inner side of the second insulator 4, the assembly between multiple components is facilitated, because the extension part 201 first needs to be fixed to the top of the electrode assembly 3, and when the second insulator 4 is assembled, if the extension The portion 201 is located outside the second insulating member 4, and the second insulating member 4 needs to be inserted between the extension portion 201 and the side wall of the electrode assembly 3, which is not easy to perform.
  • extension part 201 By arranging the extension part 201 inside the second insulator 4, it is convenient for the electrode assembly 3 to enter the case 5. If the extension part 201 is arranged outside the second insulator 4, it will hinder the electrode assembly 3 from entering the case 5.
  • the electrolyte can enter the electrode assembly 3 through the gap, which is beneficial for the electrode assembly 3 to absorb and infiltrate the electrolyte.
  • the first insulator 2 includes an isolation portion 202 , the isolation portion 202 is parallel to the end cap 1 , and the extension portion 201 is integrally formed with the isolation portion 202 .
  • the separator 202 is clamped between the end cap 1 and the electrode assembly 3 .
  • the isolation part 202 includes four sides, and the extension part 201 is respectively fixedly connected with the four sides.
  • extension part 201 and the isolation part 202 integrally, the assembly steps can be simplified and the assembly efficiency can be accelerated.
  • the isolation part 202 is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to the electrode assembly 3 , the first through hole 206 is set corresponding to the electrode terminal 102 to facilitate the electrical connection between the tab 302 and the electrode terminal 102 , and the second through hole 207 corresponds to the liquid injection hole on the end cap 1 101 is set to facilitate the passage of electrolyte, and the third through hole 208 is set corresponding to the explosion-proof valve.
  • the second insulator 4 includes a side wall 401 and a bottom 402 , and the second insulator 4 is designed in a groove shape as a whole, which is convenient for fitting on the electrode assembly 3 .
  • the side wall 401 extends toward the direction of the first insulating member 2 , and the extension portion 201 overlaps with the side wall 401 on the outer periphery of the main body portion 301 .
  • the bottom 402 is sandwiched between the housing 5 and the main body 301 .
  • the second insulating member 4 can be prefabricated into a groove shape with an insulating film, and directly put on the main body 301 , or can be folded and wrapped on the main body 301 with a sheet-shaped insulating film, and assisted by bonding and fixing, finally forming a groove shape.
  • a weakened area 2012 is provided between the extension portion 201 and the isolation portion 202 .
  • the weakened area 2012 can be a strip-shaped area with reduced thickness, or a perforated easy-fold line.
  • extension part 201 By setting the weak area 2012, it is convenient to fold the extension part 201. Before assembly, the extension part 201 and the isolation part 202 are in a flattened state, which is convenient for process assembly, such as transfer of end cap incoming materials, and welding of tabs and end caps. The extension part 201 is folded after assembly, and the extension part 201 extends away from the end cap 1 after folding.
  • the extension part 201 includes four protection parts 2011 , and the four protection parts 2011 are respectively provided corresponding to the four sides of the main body part 301 , and gaps are provided between the protection parts 2011 .
  • the electrolyte can enter the electrode assembly 3 through the gap, which is beneficial to the absorption and infiltration of the electrolyte by the electrode assembly 3 .
  • the main body 301 includes a thinned area 305 , the thinned area 305 is located at the end of the main body 301 close to the end cap 1 , and the extension 201 overlaps with the second insulating member 4 The portion is located on the outer periphery of the thinned area 305.
  • the height of the extension part 2011 is H1
  • the height of the main part 301 is H2
  • the height of the extension part 2011 is not too large, which is convenient for manufacturing and assembling the battery cell 11 , and the height of the second insulating member 4 can be relatively large.
  • the first insulator 2 includes a first part 203 and a second part 204 arranged separately, and the first part 203 is arranged between the second part 204 and the end cap 1 Between, the first part 203 is parallel to the end cap 1 .
  • the second part 204 can be used to set the extension part 201, that is, the extension part 201 is set separately and then assembled with the first part 203, which is more convenient for manufacturing the extension.
  • Section 201 the second part 204 and the second insulating member 4 are made of the same material, for example, polyester film can be used for both.
  • the first part 203 is plate-shaped, and the first part 203 is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to the electrode assembly 3.
  • the first through hole 206 is arranged corresponding to the electrode terminal 102 to facilitate the electrical connection between the tab 302 and the electrode terminal 102.
  • the second through hole 207 corresponds to the end
  • the liquid injection hole 101 on the cover 1 is provided to facilitate the passage of the electrolyte, and the third through hole 208 is provided corresponding to the explosion-proof valve.
  • the second part 204 includes a support part 205 and an extension part 201 , the support part 205 is parallel to the end cover 1 , and the extension part 201 and the support part 205 are integrally formed.
  • the support part 205 is used to fix the second part 204 between the electrode assembly 3 and the end cap 1 , and the extension part 201 can be folded relative to the support part 205 , so as to facilitate the manufacture of the first insulator 2 .
  • the support portion 205 is provided with a plurality of escape holes corresponding to the electrode assembly 3 , and the escape holes are provided corresponding to the plurality of through holes on the first part 203 .
  • the two first avoidance holes 209 are respectively provided corresponding to the two first through holes 206
  • the second avoidance hole 210 is provided corresponding to the second through hole 207
  • the third avoidance hole 211 is provided corresponding to the third through hole 208.
  • the first part 203 and the second part 204 are fixed by heat fusion. Between the first part 203 and the second part 204, a plurality of thermal melting points are arranged, and the plurality of thermal melting points are respectively close to the four corners of the first part 203 and the second part 204, which is convenient for welding, and can ensure that the first part 203 and the second The connection strength between parts 204 .
  • the end cap 1 In the operation of assembling the battery cell 11, usually the end cap 1 is placed on the workbench first, then the first part 203 is superimposed on the end cap 1, and then the second part 204 is superimposed on the first part 203. After the second part 204 is aligned with the first part 203 , the assembly of the first part 203 and the second part 204 can be realized quickly by adopting a hot-melt fixing method.
  • the end cap 1 , the first part 203 , and the second part 204 are stacked in sequence.
  • the extending part 201 is located inside the second insulating part 4 .
  • a weakened area 2012 is provided between the extension part 201 and the support part 205 .
  • the weakened area 2012 can be a strip-shaped area with reduced thickness, or a perforated easy-fold line.
  • extension part 201 By setting the weak area 2012, it is convenient to fold the extension part 201. Before assembly, the extension part 201 and the support part 205 are in a flattened state, which is convenient for process assembly, such as transfer of end cap incoming materials, and welding of tabs and end caps. The extension 201 is folded after assembly.
  • the first part 203 and the second part 204 are positioned by a first positioning part and a second positioning part, the first positioning part is a boss protruding toward the second part 204, and the second positioning part is a hole , the bosses correspond to the positions of the holes.
  • the first part 203 and the second part 204 can be combined by a positioning part, so that the first part 203 and the second part 204 can maintain a relative positional relationship during assembly, which is convenient for assembly. After positioning, the first part 203 and the second part can no longer be aligned. 204 implement hot-melt fixation. However, in order to ensure the stability between the first part 203 and the second part 204, the first part 203 and the second part 204 can also continue to be hot-melt fixed, and it is more convenient to implement the heat after positioning by the first positioning part and the second positioning part. Melt fixed.
  • the above-mentioned boss is provided at the position of the second through hole 207 (not shown in the figure), the original purpose is to prevent the second through hole 207 from being blocked when the inside of the battery cell 11 is evacuated.
  • the above-mentioned hole is formed by the second avoidance hole 210 correspondingly provided on the second part 204.
  • the second avoidance hole 210 will be set on the boss, and the second avoidance hole 210 can be realized. Positioning of one part 203 and second part 204 .
  • the above-mentioned bosses and holes are all structures provided for other purposes.
  • the positioning of the first part 203 and the second part 204 is realized through these structures. These structures add new functions and do not need to be separated on the first part 203 and the second part 204.
  • the positioning mechanism simplifies the structure of the battery cell 11 and reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the first part 203 and the second part 204 are aligned through the third positioning part and the fourth positioning part, the third positioning part and the fourth positioning part are both holes, and the positions of the holes are corresponding.
  • the third positioning part is composed of two first through holes 206 on the first part 203
  • the fourth positioning part is composed of two first escape holes 209 correspondingly provided on the second part 204.
  • the step of aligning the first part 203 and the second part 204 may be performed before the first part 203 and the second part 204 are hot-melt fixed, or before the first part 203 and the second part 204 are positioned.
  • the above-mentioned holes are all structures provided for other purposes. Through these structures, the alignment of the first part 203 and the second part 204 is realized, which is convenient for continuing to implement hot-melt fixation or positioning. These structures add new functions and do not need the first part 203 and the second part 204.
  • the alignment mechanism is separately provided on the second part 204, which simplifies the structure of the battery cell 11 and reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • a boss 304 facing the electrode terminal 102 is provided on the adapter part 303, and the aligned first avoidance can also be inserted through the boss 304 during assembly.
  • the positioning of the first part 203 and the second part 204 is realized, so that the first part 203 and the second part 204 can maintain a relative positional relationship.
  • the extension part 201 is provided with a first clamping part 2013 corresponding to the second insulator 4
  • the second insulator 4 is provided with a second clamping part 403 corresponding to the extension part 201
  • the extension part 201 is connected to the second insulator 4 through the first clamping part 2013 and the second clamping part 403 .
  • the first engaging portion 2013 is disposed on the protection portion 2011
  • the second engaging portion 403 is disposed on the side wall 401 .
  • the extension part 201 and the second insulating part 4 can be combined and connected by a snap joint, so that the extension part 201 and the second insulating part 4 can maintain a relative positional relationship during assembly, which is convenient for assembly.
  • the first engaging portion 2013 is a hole
  • the second engaging portion 403 is a boss 4031 .
  • the structure of the positioning part can be designed in various types, and the matching structure of the boss and the hole makes the combined connection process of the extension part 201 and the second insulating part 4 easier.
  • the bosses 4031 are fixed on the inner surface of the second insulating member 4 and protrude toward the extension part 201 , and each boss 4031 is inserted into a corresponding hole. Since there is still a gap between the extension part 201 and the electrode assembly 3, the boss 4031 can be inserted into the hole.
  • a connection portion 4032 is provided between the boss 4031 and the inner wall of the second insulator 4 , and the hole includes a first section 20131 and a second section 20132 , and the second section 20132 Set on the side of the first section 20131 away from the end cover 1, at least part of the connecting portion 4032 is set in the second section 20132, the boss 4031 forms an interference fit relationship with the first section 20131 to limit the boss 4031 from the first section 20131 .
  • the boss 4031 and the first section 20131 form an interference fit relationship, after the boss 4031 enters the hole, it can prevent the boss 4031 from easily detaching from the hole, ensuring the combination of the second insulating member 4 and the extension part 201. firmness.
  • the boss 4031 can be spherical, cylindrical, prismatic or truncated cone, the first section 20131 can be circular or polygonal, and the connecting part 4032 can be cylindrical or prismatic.
  • the boss 4031 is spherical, the connecting part 4032 is cylindrical, and the first section 20131 is circular as an example: the diameter of the connecting part 4032 is required to be smaller than the diameter of the boss 4031, and the width of the second section 20132 is smaller than that of the first section 20131. Diameter, the diameter of the boss 4031 is slightly larger than the diameter of the first section 20131, when the boss 4031 is inserted into the corresponding hole, the connecting part 4032 is arranged in the second section 20132, and the boss 4031 forms an interference fit relationship with the first section 20131 , can prevent the boss 4031 from easily detaching from the hole.
  • the second insulating member 4 may use insulating tape, and the insulating tape is wound on the main body 301 .
  • the insulating tape is very convenient to install, and can wrap the large surface of the electrode assembly 3 and fix the extension part 201 to realize the insulation protection of the electrode assembly 3 .
  • a battery is provided, as shown in FIG. 2 , comprising the battery cell 11 described in the first aspect above.
  • FIG. 2 For parts not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments.
  • an electrical device as shown in FIG. 1 , comprising the battery cell 11 described in the first aspect above, and the battery cell 11 is used to provide electric energy.
  • the battery cell 11 is used to provide electric energy.
  • a method for manufacturing a battery cell is provided, as shown in FIG. 21 , including:
  • Step S1 providing an end cap 1 and a first insulator 2, the first insulator 2 including an extension 201 extending away from the end cap 1;
  • Step S2 providing an electrode assembly 3, the electrode assembly 3 includes a main body 301 and a tab 302 extending from the main body 301;
  • Step S3 Assemble the end cap 1, the first insulator 2 and the electrode assembly 3, so that the first insulator 2 is arranged on the side of the end cap 1 close to the electrode assembly 3 so that the first insulator 2 isolates the end cap 1 and the electrode assembly 3;
  • Step S4 providing a second insulating member 4, sheathing the second insulating member 4 on the outer periphery of the main body portion 301 of the electrode assembly 3, and making the extension portion 201 and the second insulating member 4 overlap on the outer periphery of the main body portion 301;
  • Step S5 providing the casing 5 , connecting the end cap 1 with the casing 5 to form the accommodating cavity 6 for accommodating the electrode assembly 3 .
  • a battery cell manufacturing equipment 13 is provided, as shown in FIG. 22 , including:
  • the assembly module 1302 is used to isolate the first insulating member 2 from the end cap 1 and the electrode assembly 3, sleeve the second insulating member 4 on the outer periphery of the main body part 301 of the electrode assembly 3, and make the extension part 201 and the second insulating member 4 are overlapped on the outer periphery of the main body part 301, and the end cap 1 is connected with the casing 5 to form the accommodating cavity 6 for accommodating the electrode assembly 3.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法、设备。该电池单体包括：端盖和壳体，所述端盖和所述壳体形成容纳腔；电极组件，容纳于所述容纳腔内，所述电极组件包括主体部及由主体部延伸出的极耳；第一绝缘件，设置于所述端盖靠近所述电极组件的一侧，用于隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件，以及第二绝缘件，用于套设于所述主体部的外周；其中，所述第一绝缘件包括背离所述端盖延伸的延伸部，所述延伸部与所述第二绝缘件在所述主体部的外周重叠。通过设置第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件扣合包裹电极组件，在组装过程中不需要使用热熔结合方式，避免了热熔连接产生的保护膜过熔拉丝、未熔脱落等现象。

Description

一种电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法、设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电池单体、一种电池、一种用电装置、一种电池单体的制造方法、一种电池单体的制造设备。
背景技术
化学电池、电化电池、电化学电池或电化学池是指通过氧化还原反应，把正极、负极活性物质的化学能，转化为电能的一类装置。与普通氧化还原反应不同的是氧化和还原反应是分开进行的，氧化在负极，还原在正极，而电子得失是通过外部线路进行的，所以形成了电流。这是所有电池的本质特点。经过长期的研究、发展，化学电池迎来了品种繁多，应用广泛的局面。大到一座建筑方能容纳得下的巨大装置，小到以毫米计的类型。现代电子技术的发展，对化学电池提出了很高的要求。每一次化学电池技术的突破，都带来了电子设备革命性的发展。世界上很多电化学科学家，都把研发兴趣集中在做为电动汽车动力的化学电池领域。
锂离子电池作为化学电池的一种，具有体积小、能量密度高、功率密度高、循环使用次数多和存储时间长等优点，在一些电子设备、电动交通工具、电动玩具和电动设备上得到了广泛应用，例如，锂离子电池目前广泛地应用于手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具，等等。
锂离子电池的应用包括三个层次：电池单体、电池模块和电池包。随着锂离子电池技术的不断发展，对锂离子电池的性能提出了更高的要求，但是现有的制造技术难以满足要求。
发明内容
本申请提出一种电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法、设备，通过设置第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件扣合包裹电极组件，在组装过程中不需要使用热熔结合方式，避免了热熔连接产生的保护膜过熔拉丝、未熔脱落等现象。
根据本申请的第一方面，提供了一种电池单体，包括：
端盖和壳体，所述端盖和所述壳体形成容纳腔；
电极组件，容纳于所述容纳腔内，所述电极组件包括主体部及由主体部延伸出的极耳；
第一绝缘件，设置于所述端盖靠近所述电极组件的一侧，用于隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件，以及
第二绝缘件，用于套设于所述主体部的外周；
其中，所述第一绝缘件包括背离所述端盖延伸的延伸部，所述延伸部与所述第二绝缘件在所述主体部的外周重叠。
通过将绝缘件采用分体设置，第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件从两个方向扣合套装在电极组件上，在组装过程中不需要使用热熔结合方式，可以避免因为保护膜单方向套装并热熔固定所产生的拉丝、虚焊、脱焊、超高等现象。延伸部可以有效防止极耳与壳体发生接触，形成绝缘隔离。第一绝缘件与第二绝缘件扣合使得组装过程省时省力，加快了电池生产效率。
在一些实施例中，在所述延伸部与所述第二绝缘件重叠的位置，所述延伸部位于所述第二绝缘件的内侧。
通过将延伸部设置于第二绝缘件的内侧，方便多部件之间的组装，而且方便电极组件进入壳体，如果延伸部设置于第二绝缘件的外侧，会阻碍电极组件进入壳体。
在一些实施例中，所述第一绝缘件包括隔离部，所述隔离部与所述端盖平行，所述延伸部与所述隔离部一体制成。
通过将延伸部与隔离部一体制成，可以简化组装步骤，加快组装效率。
在一些实施例中，所述延伸部与所述隔离部之间设置有薄弱区。
通过设置薄弱区，方便延伸部折叠，在组装之前延伸部与隔离部是展平状态，便于过程装配，如端盖来料转运，极耳与端盖焊接。组装之后再折叠延伸部，折叠后延伸部背离所述端盖延伸。
在一些实施例中，所述第一绝缘件包括分体设置的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分设置于所述第二部分与所述端盖之间，所述第一部分平行于所述端盖。
通过将第一绝缘件分体设置成第一部分和第二部分，可以利用第二部分设置延伸部，即延伸部单独设置，之后与第一部分组装，这样更方便制造延伸部。
在一些实施例中，所述第二部分包括支撑部和所述延伸部，所述支撑部平行于所述端盖，所述延伸部与所述支撑部一体制成。
支撑部用于将第二部分固定于电极组件和端盖之间，延伸部可以相对于支撑部折叠，从而方便制造第一绝缘件。
在一些实施例中，所述第一部分与第二部分热熔固定。
通过采用热熔固定方式，能够快速实现第一部分与第二部分组装。
在一些实施例中，所述延伸部与所述支撑部之间设置有薄弱区。
通过设置薄弱区，方便延伸部折叠，在组装之前延伸部与支撑部是展平状态，便于过程装配，如端盖来料转运，极耳与端盖焊接。组装之后再折叠延伸部。
在一些实施例中，所述延伸部包括四个防护部，四个所述防护部分别对应所述主体部的四个侧面设置，各所述防护部之间设置有间隙。
通过设置间隙，电解液可以通过该间隙进入电极组件，有利于电极组件对电解液的吸收、浸润。
在一些实施例中，所述主体部包括削薄区，所述削薄区位于所述主体部靠近所述端盖的端部，所述延伸部与所述第二绝缘件重叠的部分位于所述削薄区的外周。
通过该设置，即便延伸部与第二绝缘件重叠也不会增大主体部的顶部尺 寸，在电极组件装入壳体时，能够顺利组装。
在一些实施例中，所述第一部分与所述第二部分通过第一定位部和第二定位部定位，所述第一定位部为凸台，所述凸台朝向所述第二部分凸出，所述第二定位部为孔，所述凸台与所述孔的位置相对应。
第一部分与第二部分之间可以通过定位部组合，使得在组装时第一部分、第二部分可以保持相对位置关系，方便组装，也方便进一步实施热熔固定。
上述的凸台和孔均为其他目的所设置的结构，通过这些结构实现第一部分和第二部分定位，这些结构增加了新的功能，不需要在第一部分和第二部分上单独设置定位机构，简化了电池单体的结构，降低了制造成本
在一些实施例中，所述第一部分与所述第二部分通过第三定位部和第四定位部对齐，所述第三定位部、所述第四定位部均为孔，所述孔的位置相对应。
上述的孔也是为其他目的所设置的结构，通过这些结构实现第一部分和第二部分对齐，方便继续实施热熔固定或者定位，这些结构增加了新的功能，不需要在第一部分和第二部分上单独设置对齐机构，简化了电池单体的结构，降低了制造成本。
在一些实施例中，所述延伸部的高度为H1，所述主体部的高度为H2，H1＜0.5*H2。
延伸部的高度不易过大，这样方便制造和组装电池单体，第二绝缘件的高度可以较大。
根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种电池，其中，包括以上任一项所述的电池单体。
根据本申请的第三方面，提供了一种用电装置，其中，包括以上任一项所述的电池单体，所述电池单体用于提供电能。
根据本申请的第四方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
提供端盖和第一绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件包括背离所述端盖延伸的延伸部；
提供电极组件，所述电极组件包括主体部及由主体部延伸出的极耳；
组装所述端盖、第一绝缘件与电极组件，使所述第一绝缘件设置于所述端盖靠近所述电极组件的一侧以使所述第一绝缘件隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件；
提供第二绝缘件，将所述第二绝缘件套设于所述电极组件的主体部的外周，并使所述延伸部与所述第二绝缘件在所述主体部的外周重叠；
提供壳体，将所述端盖与所述壳体连接形成容纳所述电极组件的容纳腔。
根据本申请的第五方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造设备，包括：
提供模块，用于提供端盖、壳体、电极组件、第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件；
装配模块，用于将所述第一绝缘件隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件,将所述第二绝缘件套设于所述电极组件的主体部的外周，并使所述延伸部与所述第二绝缘件在所述主体部的外周重叠，将所述端盖与所述壳体连接形成容纳所述电极组件的容纳腔。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了采用本申请的电池单体的车辆的一些实施例的结构示意图；
图2示出了采用本申请的电池单体的电池的一些实施例的结构示意图；
图3示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解状态立体示意图；
图4示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的容纳腔的立体示意图；
图5示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的第一绝缘件的立体示意图；
图6示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的立体示意图(不包括壳体)；
图7示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的主视示意图(不包括壳体)；
图8示出了图7中沿A-A的剖视图；
图9示出了图8中的B部放大视图；
图10示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的第一绝缘件的展开状态主视示意图；
图11示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解状态立体示意图；
图12示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的第一绝缘件的第一部分的立体示意图；
图13示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的第一绝缘件的第二部分的立体示意图；
图14示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的立体示意图；
图15示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的主视示意图；
图16示出了图15中沿C-C的剖视图；
图17示出了图16中的D部放大视图；
图18示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的第一绝缘件的第二部分的展开状态主视示意图；
图19示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件的卡接结构的剖视示意图；
图20示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件的卡接结构的立体示意图；
图21示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的制造方法的流程示意图；
图22示出了根据本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的制造设备的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1、端盖；101、注液孔；102、电极端子；2、第一绝缘件；201、延伸部；2011、防护部；2012、薄弱区；2013、第一卡接部；20131、第一段；20132、第二段；202、隔离部；203、第一部分；204、第二部分；205、支撑部；206、第一透孔；207、第二透孔；208、第三透孔；209、第一 避让孔；210、第二避让孔；211、第三避让孔；3、电极组件；301、主体部；302、极耳；303、转接部件；304、凸台；305、削薄区；4、第二绝缘件；401、侧壁；402、底部；403、第二卡接部；4031、凸台；4032、连接部；5、壳体；6、容纳腔；7、车辆；8、电池；9、控制器；10、马达；11、电池单体；12、箱体；1201、上盖；1202、下箱体；13、电池单体的制造设备；1301、提供模块；1302、装配模块。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合显示出根据本申请的多个实施例的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，应当可以理解的是，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中记载的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在不用花费创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都将属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”、“包含”、“有”、“具有”、“含有”、“含”等为开放式的用词。因此，“包括”、“包含”、“有”例如一个或多个步骤或元件的一种方法或装置，其具有一个或多个步骤或元件，但不限于仅具有这一个或多个元件。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、 “水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
如上所述，应当强调，当在本说明书中使用术语“包括/包含”时，用于明确表明表示所述特征、整数、步骤或组件的存在，但不排除存在或添加一个或更多个其他特征、整数、步骤、部件或成组的特征、整数、步骤、部件。如本申请所用，单数形式“一个”、“一”和“该”也包括复数形式，除非上下文另有明确指示
本说明书中的用词“一”、“一个”可以表示一个，但也可与“至少一个”或“一个或多个”的含义一致。术语“约”一般表示提及的数值加上或减去10％，或更具体地是加上或减去5％。在权利要求书中使用的术语“或”，除非明确表示其仅指可替代的方案，否则其表示“和/或”的意思。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请中，所提及的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提及的电池可以包括电池 模块或电池包等。
可充电电池又称二次电池(Secondary Battery)或二级电池、蓄电池。可充电电池的制作材料和工艺与一次性电池不同，其优点是在充电后可多次循环使用，可充电电池的输出电流负荷力要比大部分一次性电池高。目前常见的可充电电池的类型有：铅酸电池、镍氢电池和锂离子电池。锂离子电池具有重量轻、容量大(容量是同重量的镍氢电池的1.5倍～2倍)、无记忆效应等优点，且具有很低的自放电率，因而即使价格相对较高，仍然得到了普遍应用。锂离子电池也用于纯电动车及混合动力车，用于这种用途的锂离子电池容量相对略低，但有较大的输出、充电电流，也有的有较长的寿命，但成本较高。
锂离子电池(指：电池单体)主要依靠锂离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。锂离子电池使用一个嵌入的锂化合物作为一个电极材料。目前用作锂离子电池的正极材料主要常见的有：锂钴氧化物(LiCoO2)、锰酸锂(LiMn2O4)、镍酸锂(LiNiO2)及磷酸锂铁(LiFePO4)。正极极片和负极极片之间设置有隔离膜以形成具有三层材料的薄膜结构。该薄膜结构一般通过卷绕或者叠置的方式制成所需形状的电极组件。例如，柱形电池中的三层材料的薄膜结构被卷绕成柱形形状的电极组件，而方形电池中的薄膜结构被卷绕或者叠置成具有大致长方体形状的电极组件。
多个电池单体可经由电极端子而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。在一些诸如电动汽车等的大功率应用场合，电池单体的应用包括三个层次：电池单体、电池模块和电池包。本申请中所提到的电池包括电池模块或电池包。电池模块是为了从外部冲击、热、振动等中保护电池，将一定数目的电池电连接在一起并放入一个框架中而形成的。电池包则是装入电动汽车的电池系统的最终状态。目前的大部分电池包是在一个或多个电池模块上装配电池管理系统(BMS)、热管理部件等各种控制和保护系统而制成的。随着技术的发展，电池模块这个层次可以被省略，也即，直接由多个电池单体形成电池。这一改进使得电池的重量能量密度、体积能量密度得到提升的同时零部件数量显著下降。
发明人发现，端盖在和壳体焊接时常常会有爆点及针孔出现，从而直接 影响电池单体的质量，甚至导致电池单体的报废。
发明人经过研究发现，电池单体内部的保护膜(mylar)与绝缘件结合的方式为热熔连接，受温度、压力以及保护膜材质等因素的影响，容易产生保护膜过熔拉丝等问题，过熔拉丝会导致端盖与壳体焊接爆点。
有鉴于此，本申请通过设置第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件扣合包裹电极组件，在组装过程中不需要使用热熔结合方式，避免了热熔连接产生的保护膜过熔拉丝、未熔脱落等现象。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图22对本申请的实施例进行详细描述。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，有利于提升电池性能和电池的寿命。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆7为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆7的结构示意图。车辆7可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆7的内部设置有电池8，电池8可以设置在车辆7的底部或头部或尾部。电池8可以用于车辆7的供电，例如，电池8可以作为车辆7的操作电源。车辆7还可以包括控制器9和马达10，控制器9用来控制电池8为马达10供电，例如，用于车辆7的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池8不仅可以作为车辆7的操作电源，还可以作为车辆7的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆7提供驱 动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池8的爆炸示意图。电池8包括箱体12和电池单体11，电池单体11容纳于箱体12内。其中，箱体12用于为电池单体11提供容纳空间，箱体12可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体12可以包括上盖1201和下箱体1202，上盖1201与下箱体1202相互盖合，上盖1201和下箱体1202共同限定出用于容纳电池单体11的容纳空间。下箱体1202可以为一端开口的空心结构，上盖1201可以为板状结构，上盖1201盖合于下箱体1202的开口侧，以使上盖1201与下箱体1202共同限定出容纳空间；上盖1201和下箱体1202也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，上盖1201的开口侧盖合于下箱体1202的开口侧。当然，上盖1201和下箱体1202形成的箱体12可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池8中，电池单体11可以是多个，多个电池单体11之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体11中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体11之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体11构成的整体容纳于箱体12内；当然，电池8也可以是多个电池单体11先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体12内。电池8还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池8还可以包括汇流部件(图中未示出)，用于实现多个电池单体11之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体11可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体11可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体11的爆炸示意图。电池单体11是指组成电池8的最小单元。如图3，电池单体11包括有端盖1、电极组件3、壳体5以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖1是指盖合于壳体5的开口处以将电池单体11的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖1的形状可以与壳体5的形状相适应以配合壳体5。可选地，端盖1可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖1在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体11能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖1上可以设置有电极端子102 等功能性部件。电极端子102可以用于与电极组件3电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体11的电能。端盖1的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖1的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件2，绝缘件2可以用于隔离壳体5内的电连接部件与端盖1，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件2可以是塑料、橡胶等。在一些实施例中，在端盖1上还设置有对电芯内部进行监测的接口，通过监测接口对电芯内部状况进行监测。
壳体5是用于配合端盖1以形成电池单体11的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件3、电解液以及其他部件。壳体5和端盖1可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体5上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖1盖合开口以形成电池单体11的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖1和壳体5一体化，具体地，端盖1和壳体5可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体5的内部时，再使端盖1盖合壳体5。壳体5可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体5的形状可以根据电极组件3的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体5的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件3是电池单体11中浸润于电解液以发生电化学反应的部件。壳体5内可以包含一个或多个电极组件3。电极组件3主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件3的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳302。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部301的一端或是分别位于主体部301的两端。在电池单体11的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳302连接电极端子102以形成电流回路。
一些实施例中，相邻的电池单体11的极耳302之间设置有转接部件303，极耳302与电极端子102通过转接部件303连接。
如图3、图4所示，为本申请一实施例的一种电池单体11，包括端盖1和壳体5，端盖1和壳体5形成容纳腔6；电池单体11还包括电极组件3，电 极组件3容纳于容纳腔6内，电极组件3包括主体部301及由主体部301延伸出的极耳302；电池单体11还包括第一绝缘件2，第一绝缘件2设置于端盖1靠近电极组件3的一侧，用于隔离端盖1和电极组件3，电池单体11还包括第二绝缘件4，第二绝缘件4用于套设于主体部301的外周；其中，第一绝缘件2包括背离端盖1延伸的延伸部201，延伸部201与第二绝缘件4在主体部301的外周重叠。
通过将绝缘件采用分体设置，第一绝缘件2和第二绝缘件4从两个方向扣合套装在电极组件3上，在组装过程中不需要使用热熔结合方式，可以避免因为保护膜单方向套装并热熔固定所产生的拉丝、虚焊、脱焊、超高等现象。图3中Z1指示的方向为第一绝缘件2的扣合方向，Z2指示的方向为第二绝缘件4的扣合方向。
延伸部201可以有效防止极耳302与壳体5发生接触，形成绝缘隔离。第一绝缘件2与第二绝缘件4扣合使得组装过程省时省力，加快了电池生产效率。
本实施例中的电池单体11可以是长方体形状、立方体形状，附图中所示为长方体形状。第二绝缘件4在本技术领域中通常称为mylar，为聚酯薄膜。延伸部201的材质与第一绝缘件2的材质相同，或者与第二绝缘件4的材质相同。
在一些实施例中，如图8、图9所示，在延伸部201与第二绝缘件4重叠的位置，延伸部201位于第二绝缘件4的内侧。
为此，需要对延伸部201、第二绝缘件4的尺寸进行适应性设计：第二绝缘件4的内侧宽度大于延伸部201的外侧宽度，第二绝缘件4的内侧长度大于延伸部201的外侧长度。
通过将延伸部201设置于第二绝缘件4的内侧，方便多部件之间的组装，原因是：延伸部201首先需要固定到电极组件3的顶部，和第二绝缘件4组装时，如果延伸部201位于第二绝缘件4的外侧，第二绝缘件4就需要插入到延伸部201与电极组件3的侧壁之间，这种操作不容易进行。
通过将延伸部201设置于第二绝缘件4的内侧，同时方便电极组件3进 入壳体5，如果延伸部201设置于第二绝缘件4的外侧，会阻碍电极组件3进入壳体5。
延伸部201与第二绝缘件4重叠的位置二者之间仍然存在间隙，通过设置间隙，电解液可以通过该间隙进入电极组件3，有利于电极组件3对电解液的吸收、浸润。
在一些实施例中，如图5、图6、图7、图8所示，第一绝缘件2包括隔离部202，隔离部202与端盖1平行，延伸部201与隔离部202一体制成。
隔离部202夹持在端盖1与电极组件3之间。隔离部202包括四个侧边，延伸部201分别与四个侧边固定连接。
通过将延伸部201与隔离部202一体制成，可以简化组装步骤，加快组装效率。
隔离部202对应电极组件3设置有多个透孔，第一透孔206对应电极端子102设置，便于极耳302与电极端子102电连接，第二透孔207对应端盖1上的注液孔101设置，便于通过电解液，第三透孔208对应防爆阀设置。
如图8、图9所示，第二绝缘件4包括侧壁401和底部402，第二绝缘件4整体设计为槽形，方便套装在电极组件3上。侧壁401朝向第一绝缘件2的方向延伸，延伸部201与侧壁401在主体部301的外周重叠。底部402夹持在壳体5与主体部301之间。第二绝缘件4可以采用绝缘膜预制为槽形，直接套在主体部301上，也可以使用片状绝缘膜折叠包裹在主体部301上，并辅助粘接固定，最终构成槽形。
在一些实施例中，如图10所示，延伸部201与隔离部202之间设置有薄弱区2012。薄弱区2012可以是厚度减薄的条状区域，还可以是打孔的易折线。
通过设置薄弱区2012，方便延伸部201折叠，在组装之前延伸部201与隔离部202是展平状态，便于过程装配，如端盖来料转运，极耳与端盖焊接。组装之后再折叠延伸部201，折叠后延伸部201背离端盖1延伸。
在一些实施例中，如图10所示，延伸部201包括四个防护部2011，四个防护部2011分别对应主体部301的四个侧面设置，各防护部2011之间设置有间隙。
通过设置间隙，电解液可以通过该间隙进入电极组件3，有利于电极组件3对电解液的吸收、浸润。
在一些实施例中，如图8、图9所示，主体部301包括削薄区305，削薄区305位于主体部301靠近端盖1的端部，延伸部201与第二绝缘件4重叠的部分位于削薄区305的外周。
通过该设置，即便延伸部201与第二绝缘件4重叠也不会增大主体部301的顶部尺寸，在电极组件3装入壳体5时，能够顺利组装。
在一些实施例中，如图8所示，延伸部2011的高度为H1，主体部301的高度为H2，H1＜0.5*H2。
延伸部2011的高度不易过大，这样方便制造和组装电池单体11，第二绝缘件4的高度可以较大。
在一些实施例中，如图11、图12、图13所示，第一绝缘件2包括分体设置的第一部分203和第二部分204，第一部分203设置于第二部分204与端盖1之间，第一部分203平行于端盖1。
通过将第一绝缘件2分体设置成第一部分203和第二部分204，可以利用第二部分204设置延伸部201，即延伸部201单独设置，之后与第一部分203组装，这样更方便制造延伸部201。此时，第二部分204与第二绝缘件4采用相同的材质，例如，均可以采用聚酯薄膜。
第一部分203呈板状，第一部分203对应电极组件3设置有多个透孔，第一透孔206对应电极端子102设置，便于极耳302与电极端子102电连接，第二透孔207对应端盖1上的注液孔101设置，便于通过电解液，第三透孔208对应防爆阀设置。
在一些实施例中，如图13所示，第二部分204包括支撑部205和延伸部201，支撑部205平行于端盖1，延伸部201与支撑部205一体制成。
支撑部205用于将第二部分204固定于电极组件3和端盖1之间，延伸部201可以相对于支撑部205折叠，从而方便制造第一绝缘件2。
支撑部205对应电极组件3设置有多个避让孔，避让孔是对应第一部分203上的多个透孔所设置。具体地，两个第一避让孔209分别对应两个第一透 孔206设置，第二避让孔210对应第二透孔207设置，第三避让孔211对应第三透孔208设置。
在一些实施例中，第一部分203与第二部分204热熔固定。第一部分203与第二部分204之间设置有多个热熔点，多个热熔点分别靠近第一部分203与第二部分204的四个角，既方便实施焊接，又可以保证第一部分203与第二部分204之间的连接强度。
组装电池单体11的操作中，通常是首先将端盖1放置在工作台上，其次是将第一部分203叠加放置在端盖1，然后将第二部分204叠加放置在第一部分203上，在第二部分204与第一部分203对齐之后通过采用热熔固定方式，能够快速实现第一部分203与第二部分204组装。
如图14、图15、图16所示，电池单体11组装之后，端盖1、第一部分203、第二部分204具有依次叠加的顺序。如图17所示，在延伸部201与第二绝缘件4重叠的位置，延伸部201位于第二绝缘件4的内侧。
在一些实施例中，如图18所示，延伸部201与支撑部205之间设置有薄弱区2012。薄弱区2012可以是厚度减薄的条状区域，还可以是打孔的易折线。
通过设置薄弱区2012，方便延伸部201折叠，在组装之前延伸部201与支撑部205是展平状态，便于过程装配，如端盖来料转运，极耳与端盖焊接。组装之后再折叠延伸部201。
在一些实施例中，第一部分203与第二部分204通过第一定位部和第二定位部定位，第一定位部为凸台，凸台朝向第二部分204凸出，第二定位部为孔，凸台与孔的位置相对应。
第一部分203与第二部分204之间可以通过定位部组合，使得在组装时第一部分203、第二部分204可以保持相对位置关系，方便组装，定位之后可以不再对第一部分203与第二部分204实施热熔固定。但是为了保证第一部分203与第二部分204之间的稳定性，也可以对第一部分203与第二部分204继续实施热熔固定，通过第一定位部和第二定位部定位之后更方便实施热熔固定。
在一些实施例中，上述的凸台设置在第二透孔207的位置(图中未示出)， 原始目的是防止对电池单体11内部抽真空时第二透孔207堵塞。上述的孔由第二部分204上对应设置的第二避让孔210构成，当第二部分204与第一部分203对齐并叠加放置时，第二避让孔210会套在凸台上，即可实现第一部分203与第二部分204的定位。
上述的凸台和孔均为其他目的所设置的结构，通过这些结构实现第一部分203和第二部分204定位，这些结构增加了新的功能，不需要在第一部分203和第二部分204上单独设置定位机构，简化了电池单体11的结构，降低了制造成本。
在一些实施例中，第一部分203与第二部分204通过第三定位部和第四定位部对齐，第三定位部、第四定位部均为孔，孔的位置相对应。第三定位部由第一部分203上的两个第一透孔206构成，第四定位部由第二部分204上对应设置的两个第一避让孔209构成，当第二部分204叠加放置在第一部分203上时，借助于图像扫描设备例如摄像机，使得第一透孔206与第一避让孔209分别对齐，即可实现第一部分203与第二部分204的对齐。
对第一部分203与第二部分204对齐的步骤，可以在对第一部分203与第二部分204实施热熔固定之前操作，或者在对第一部分203与第二部分204实施定位之前操作。
上述的孔均为其他目的所设置的结构，通过这些结构实现第一部分203和第二部分204对齐，方便继续实施热熔固定或者定位，这些结构增加了新的功能，不需要在第一部分203和第二部分204上单独设置对齐机构，简化了电池单体11的结构，降低了制造成本。
在一些实施例中，为了方便转接部件303与电极端子102连接，在转接部件303上设置有朝向电极端子102的凸台304，组装时还可以通过凸台304插入已经对齐的第一避让孔209和第一透孔206中，实现第一部分203与第二部分204的定位，使得第一部分203、第二部分204可以保持相对位置关系。
在一些实施例中，如图19、图20所示，延伸部201对应第二绝缘件4设置有第一卡接部2013，第二绝缘件4对应延伸部201设置有第二卡接部403，延伸部201与第二绝缘件4通过第一卡接部2013和第二卡接部403连接。
具体地，第一卡接部2013设置在防护部2011上，第二卡接部403设置在侧壁401上。延伸部201与第二绝缘件4之间可以通过卡接部组合连接，使得在组装时延伸部201、第二绝缘件4可以保持相对位置关系，方便组装。
在一些实施例中，第一卡接部2013为孔，第二卡接部403为凸台4031。
通过采用孔和凸台的结构，方便延伸部201与第二绝缘件4实现组合连接。定位部的结构可以设计多种类型，凸台和孔的配合结构，使得延伸部201与第二绝缘件4组合连接过程比较容易。
凸台4031固定在第二绝缘件4的内侧面，朝向延伸部201凸出，每一个凸台4031插入一个对应的孔内。由于延伸部201与电极组件3之间仍然存在间隙，所以凸台4031可以插入孔内。
在一些实施例中，如图19、图20所示，凸台4031与第二绝缘件4的内壁之间设置有连接部4032，孔包括第一段20131和第二段20132，第二段20132设置于第一段20131远离端盖1的一侧，至少部分连接部4032设置于第二段20132内，凸台4031与第一段20131构成过盈配合关系以限制凸台4031脱出第一段20131。
通过将凸台4031与第一段20131构成过盈配合关系，凸台4031进入孔内之后，可防止凸台4031从孔内轻易脱离，保证了第二绝缘件4与延伸部201组合连接之后的牢固度。
凸台4031可以为球形、圆柱形、棱柱形或锥台形、第一段20131可以为圆形或多边形，连接部4032可以为圆柱形或棱柱形。
以凸台4031为球形、连接部4032为圆柱形、第一段20131为圆形举例进行说明：要求连接部4032的直径小于凸台4031的直径，第二段20132的宽度小于第一段20131的直径，凸台4031的直径稍大于第一段20131的直径，凸台4031插入对应的孔内时，连接部4032设置于第二段20132内，凸台4031与第一段20131构成过盈配合关系，可防止凸台4031从孔内轻易脱离。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘件4可以采用绝缘胶带，绝缘胶带缠绕在主体部301上。绝缘胶带非常方便设置，可以包裹电极组件3大面并固定延伸部201，实现电极组件3的绝缘防护。
根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种电池，如图2所示，包括上文中第一方面所描述的电池单体11。本实施例中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
根据本申请的第三方面，提供了一种用电装置，如图1所示，包括上文中第一方面所描述的电池单体11，电池单体11用于提供电能。本实施例中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
根据本申请的第四方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造方法，如图21所示，包括：
步骤S1：提供端盖1和第一绝缘件2，第一绝缘件2包括背离端盖1延伸的延伸部201；
步骤S2：提供电极组件3，电极组件3包括主体部301及由主体部301延伸出的极耳302；
步骤S3：组装端盖1、第一绝缘件2与电极组件3，使第一绝缘件2设置于端盖1靠近电极组件3的一侧以使第一绝缘件2隔离端盖1和电极组件3；
步骤S4：提供第二绝缘件4，将第二绝缘件4套设于电极组件3的主体部301的外周，并使延伸部201与第二绝缘件4在主体部301的外周重叠；
步骤S5：提供壳体5，将端盖1与壳体5连接形成容纳电极组件3的容纳腔6。
本实施例中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
根据本申请的第五方面，提供了一种电池单体的制造设备13，如图22所示，包括：
提供模块1301，用于提供端盖1、壳体5、电极组件3、第一绝缘件2和第二绝缘件4；
装配模块1302，用于将第一绝缘件2隔离端盖1和电极组件3,将第二绝缘件4套设于电极组件3的主体部301的外周，并使延伸部201与第二绝缘件4在主体部301的外周重叠，将端盖1与壳体5连接形成容纳电极组件3的容纳腔6。
本实施例中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例的技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    端盖(1)和壳体(5)，所述端盖(1)和所述壳体(5)形成容纳腔(6)；
    电极组件(3)，容纳于所述容纳腔(6)内，所述电极组件(3)包括主体部(301)及由主体部(301)延伸出的极耳(302)；
    第一绝缘件(2)，设置于所述端盖(1)靠近所述电极组件(3)的一侧，用于隔离所述端盖(1)和所述电极组件(3)，以及
    第二绝缘件(4)，用于套设于所述主体部(301)的外周；
    其中，所述第一绝缘件(2)包括背离所述端盖(1)延伸的延伸部(201)，所述延伸部(201)与所述第二绝缘件(4)在所述主体部(301)的外周重叠。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，在所述延伸部(201)与所述第二绝缘件(4)重叠的位置，所述延伸部(201)位于所述第二绝缘件(4)的内侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一绝缘件(2)包括隔离部(202)，所述隔离部(202)与所述端盖(1)平行，所述延伸部(201)与所述隔离部(202)一体制成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述延伸部(201)与所述隔离部(202)之间设置有薄弱区(2012)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一绝缘件(2)包括分体设置的第一部分(203)和第二部分(204)，所述第一部分(203)设置于所述第二部分(204)与所述端盖(1)之间，所述第一部分(203)平行于所述端盖(1)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二部分(204)包括支撑部(205)和所述延伸部(201)，所述支撑部(205)平行于所述端盖(1)，所述延伸部(201)与所述支撑部(205)一体制成。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一部分(203)与第二部分(204)热熔固定。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，所述延伸部(201)与所述支撑部(205)之间设置有薄弱区(2012)。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述延伸部(201)包括四个防护部(2011)，四个所述防护部(2011)分别对应所述主体部(301)的四个侧面设置，各所述防护部(2011)之间设置有间隙。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述主体部(301)包括削薄区(305)，所述削薄区(305)位于所述主体部(301)靠近所述端盖(1)的端部，所述延伸部(201)与所述第二绝缘件(4)重叠的部分位于所述削薄区(305)的外周。
  11. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一部分(203)与所述第二部分(204)通过第一定位部和第二定位部定位，所述第一定位部为凸台，所述凸台朝向所述第二部分(204)凸出，所述第二定位部为孔，所述凸台与所述孔的位置相对应。
  12. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一部分(203)与所述第二部分(204)通过第三定位部和第四定位部对齐，所述第三定位部、所述第四定位部均为孔，所述孔的位置相对应。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述延伸部(201)的高度为H1，所述主体部(301)的高度为H2，H1＜0.5*H2。
  14. 一种电池，其中，包括权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体。
  15. 一种用电装置，其中，包括权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体，所述电池单体用于提供电能。
  16. 一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
    提供端盖(1)和第一绝缘件(2)，所述第一绝缘件(2)包括背离所述端盖(1)延伸的延伸部(201)；
    提供电极组件(3)，所述电极组件(3)包括主体部(301)及由主体部(301)延伸出的极耳(302)；
    组装所述端盖(1)、第一绝缘件(2)与电极组件(3)，使所述第一绝缘件(2)设置于所述端盖(1)靠近所述电极组件(3)的一侧以使所述第一 绝缘件(2)隔离所述端盖(1)和所述电极组件(3)；
    提供第二绝缘件(4)，将所述第二绝缘件(4)套设于所述电极组件(3)的主体部(301)的外周，并使所述延伸部(201)与所述第二绝缘件(4)在所述主体部(301)的外周重叠；
    提供壳体(5)，将所述端盖(1)与所述壳体(5)连接形成容纳所述电极组件(3)的容纳腔(6)。
  17. 一种电池单体的制造设备，包括：
    提供模块(1301)，用于提供端盖(1)、壳体(5)、电极组件(3)、第一绝缘件(2)和第二绝缘件(4)；
    装配模块(1302)，用于将所述第一绝缘件(2)隔离所述端盖(1)和所述电极组件(3),将所述第二绝缘件(4)套设于所述电极组件(3)的主体部(301)的外周，并使所述延伸部(201)与所述第二绝缘件(4)在所述主体部(301)的外周重叠，将所述端盖(1)与所述壳体(5)连接形成容纳所述电极组件(3)的容纳腔(6)。
PCT/CN2022/072142 2022-01-14 2022-01-14 一种电池单体、电池、用电装置、电池单体的制造方法、设备 WO2023133841A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111162209A (zh) * 2020-03-16 2020-05-15 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种二次锂离子豆式电池及其制作方法
CN211719635U (zh) * 2020-03-16 2020-10-20 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种豆式电池
CN212967877U (zh) * 2020-06-18 2021-04-13 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 单体电池及电池包
CN214957266U (zh) * 2021-04-13 2021-11-30 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 电极组件、单体电池及电池包

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CN111162209A (zh) * 2020-03-16 2020-05-15 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种二次锂离子豆式电池及其制作方法
CN211719635U (zh) * 2020-03-16 2020-10-20 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种豆式电池
CN212967877U (zh) * 2020-06-18 2021-04-13 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 单体电池及电池包
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