WO2023133714A1 - 一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置及检测方法 - Google Patents

一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置及检测方法 Download PDF

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WO2023133714A1
WO2023133714A1 PCT/CN2022/071494 CN2022071494W WO2023133714A1 WO 2023133714 A1 WO2023133714 A1 WO 2023133714A1 CN 2022071494 W CN2022071494 W CN 2022071494W WO 2023133714 A1 WO2023133714 A1 WO 2023133714A1
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agar plate
yogurt
dilution
aseptic
diluent
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PCT/CN2022/071494
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李瑞婷
杨春敏
侯真真
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广州工商学院
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/071494 priority Critical patent/WO2023133714A1/zh
Publication of WO2023133714A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023133714A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/10—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology rotatably mounted
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/36—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
    • C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
    • C12Q1/06—Quantitative determination

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of yoghurt fungus detection, and in particular relates to a fungal quantity detection device and detection method for yoghurt quality detection.
  • the production of yogurt has certain standards, and the fungal content needs to be within a certain range. Therefore, the detection of fungal content is carried out. So far, the number of fungi in yogurt is usually detected by agar plate counting method. This method requires sampling, dilution, spreading of agar plates, and incubation until colonies in the sample grow large enough to be seen with the naked eye.
  • a spreader is usually used for coating.
  • the spreader spreads the dilution evenly on the medium of the agar plate. Since the spreader needs to be in contact with the dilution, the fungus is easy to attach to the spreader , leading to a decrease in the number of fungi on the agar plate and inaccurate test results, and the coating of the spreader is usually manual coating, which will cause the problem of uneven distribution of the diluent on the agar plate, which will easily lead to the mixing of fungi. After the colony is formed, it is easy to mix together, resulting in inaccurate test results.
  • the existing yoghurt fungus number detection device has the problem of inaccurate detection results caused by applicator coating. Therefore, we propose a fungus number detection device and detection method for yoghurt quality detection.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a yoghurt quality detection device and detection method for the number of fungi, which can effectively solve the problem of inaccurate detection results caused by applicator coating in the existing yoghurt fungus detection device proposed in the background art question.
  • the present invention is a fungus quantity detection device for yoghurt quality inspection, which includes a sterile box, a germicidal lamp fixedly arranged on the top of the sterile box for producing an aseptic environment, gloves fixedly arranged on one side of the sterile box, The centrifugal assembly fixedly arranged in the middle of the aseptic box, and the blowing assembly movably arranged above the interior of the aseptic box, an agar plate is engaged in the middle above the centrifugal assembly, and yogurt dilution is added in the center of the agar plate, The inside of the agar plate is integrally connected with a cone, the centrifugal assembly is used to spread the yoghurt dilution evenly from the center of the agar plate outward, the blowing assembly is located directly above the agar plate, the blowing assembly The loose component is used to blow and coat the yogurt dilution evenly on the agar plate; the centrifugal component and the blowing component are used to spread the diluted solution
  • the centrifugal assembly includes a positioning seat fixedly installed inside the aseptic box, a rotating seat movable at the center above the positioning seat, and a motor for driving the rotating seat, and the agar plate is engaged above the rotating seat;
  • the motor drives the rotating seat and the agar plate to rotate, so that the diluent is centrifuged, which facilitates the uniform diffusion of the diluent on the agar plate, makes the diluent more comprehensively distributed on the agar plate, and avoids the problem of incomplete contact with the surface of the agar plate.
  • the blowing assembly includes a micro-fan arranged movably directly above the rotating seat, a positioning ring fixedly installed at the bottom of the micro-fan, and a plurality of guide rings fixedly arranged in the middle of the positioning ring, and the positioning ring faces the micro-fan
  • the air outlet end of the air outlet, the positioning ring and the guide ring as a whole are circular truncated structures, the thickness of the plurality of guide rings is the same, and there are gaps between adjacent two guide rings for air circulation. gap.
  • the micro-fan applies external force to the surface of the diluent, so that the surface of the diluent is fully stressed, and the force on the edge of the diluent is more balanced, so that the diluent spreads evenly to the periphery of the agar plate when it spreads, avoiding the tension caused by the diluent.
  • the problem of uneven diffusion is a problem of uneven diffusion.
  • This design does not need to use a spreader for coating, so as to avoid the fungus from adhering to the spreader and reduce the fungus on the agar plate.
  • a card slot is provided at the center of the upper part of the rotating base, and a card block is fixedly installed on the ring side of the agar plate, and the card block is engaged in the inside of the card slot, and the outer wall of the agar plate and the card slot The inner wall fits together, and the agar plate just rotates inside the slot.
  • the design of the clamping block and the slot is convenient for the agar plate to be installed on the rotating seat and easy to remove the agar plate.
  • the clamping direction of the agar plate is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating seat, so that the agar plate is stuck on the rotating seat during the rotation of the rotating seat. more stable.
  • the blowing assembly further includes an air pump fixed at the inner bottom of the aseptic box and an air pipe fixedly connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the air pump is located on one side of the positioning seat.
  • an air pump fixed at the inner bottom of the aseptic box and an air pipe fixedly connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the air pump is located on one side of the positioning seat.
  • the blowing assembly further includes a lifting platform fixedly installed on the inner wall of the aseptic box, a limit block, and a movable block movably arranged inside the limit block, and the movable block is fixedly connected to the upper output end of the lifting platform,
  • the micro fan is fixedly connected to one end of the movable block, and the limiting block limits the movable block.
  • the design is convenient for adjusting the height of the micro fan.
  • positioning thin plates are fixedly arranged between the positioning ring and the guide ring, and between two adjacent guide rings.
  • the positioning thin plate facilitates the installation and fixing between multiple guide rings and between the positioning ring and the guide ring.
  • a sterile water pool is fixedly installed on the upper side of the sterile tank, and sterile water is added inside the sterile water pool, and a quantitative pump is fixedly installed inside the sterile water pool, and the output water of the quantitative pump
  • the end is fixedly connected with a water outlet, and the water outlet of the water outlet passes through the top wall of the aseptic box and extends into the inside of the aseptic box.
  • a feeding bin is fixedly installed on the upper side of the aseptic box, and a valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding bin, and the discharge end at the bottom of the valve is connected with the interior of the aseptic box, and the feeding bin
  • a hermetic door is engaged at the upper opening of the airtight door, and a sterilizing lamp is fixedly installed on the bottom of said hermetic door.
  • one side of the aseptic box is provided with a closed door, and the inside of the aseptic box is fixed with a sterilizing table near the bottom of one side of the closed door, and the sterilizing table has a built-in ultraviolet lamp. It is equipped with an operating table and operating instruments. This operation facilitates the formation of a good sterile environment.
  • a detection method of a yoghurt quality detection fungal quantity detection device comprising the following steps:
  • the operating instrument When in use, the operating instrument should be sterilized first, then open the closed door, put the operating instrument inside the sterile box, close the closed door, turn on the sterilization lamp, the sterilization lamp and the ultraviolet lamp inside the sterilization table for 25-30 minutes to carry out the internal disinfection of the device Sterilization, creating a sterile environment;
  • the agar plate is engaged in the rotating seat, adjust the micro fan to a suitable position above the agar plate, turn on the motor, and the motor drives the rotating seat to rotate, and the diluent in the agar plate is centrifugally diffused from the middle of the agar plate to the periphery;
  • the micro-fan will blow the diluent on the agar plate from the center to the periphery, and finally after the diluent is dispersed evenly, turn off the motor and the micro-fan, and turn on the air pump, and put the trachea against the diluent. Blow further locally until the dilution is evenly distributed in the agar plate, cover the lid of the agar plate, take out the agar plate after 2 days of cultivation, and detect the number of colonies in the agar plate.
  • the centrifugal component and the blowing component are used to spread the diluent on the agar plate, and the motor drives the rotating seat and the agar plate to rotate, so that the diluent undergoes centrifugal phenomenon, which facilitates the uniform diffusion of the diluent on the agar plate; the micro fan passes through
  • Applying an external force to the surface of the dilution makes it easier to force the surface of the dilution and make the force on the edge of the dilution more balanced, so that the dilution spreads evenly to the periphery of the agar plate when it spreads, making the dilution more comprehensive on the agar plate , avoid the problem of incomplete contact with the surface of the agar plate, and avoid the problem of uneven diffusion caused by the tension of the diluent.
  • This design not only makes the diluent evenly distributed on the agar plate, avoids the problem of colony mixing after culture, but also solves the problem of fungus adhering to the spreader when using the spreader, making the detection result more accurate.
  • This design makes the effect of aseptic operation better by setting the aseptic environment.
  • Fig. 1 is the front sectional view of a kind of yoghurt quality detection fungal quantity detection device of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional view of a kind of yoghurt quality detection fungal quantity detection device of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a top sectional view of a yoghurt quality detection fungal quantity detection device of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the connection structure of the positioning ring and the diversion ring of a fungus quantity detection device for yoghurt quality detection of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a rotating seat of a fungus quantity detection device for yoghurt quality detection according to the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the agar plate of a kind of yoghurt quality detection fungus number detection device of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a side sectional view of a fungal quantity detection device for yogurt quality detection according to the present invention.
  • the present invention is a kind of yoghurt quality detection fungus quantity detection device, comprises aseptic case 1, the sterilizing lamp 2 that is fixedly arranged in the top of aseptic case 1 and is used for making aseptic environment,
  • the glove 3 fixedly arranged on one side inside the aseptic box 1, the centrifuge assembly fixedly arranged in the middle of the inside of the aseptic box 1, and the blowing assembly movably arranged above the inside of the aseptic box 1, and the middle of the upper part of the centrifugal assembly is engaged with agar Plate 4, the center of the agar plate 4 is added with yogurt diluent, the inner middle of the agar plate 4 is integrally connected with a cone 13, and the centrifugal assembly is used to uniformly spread the yogurt diluent outward from the center of the agar plate 4, and blow it out.
  • the assembly is located directly above the agar plate 4, and the blowing assembly is used to blow and coat the yogurt dilution on the agar plate 4 evenly; use the centrifugal assembly and the blowing assembly to spread the dilution on the agar plate 4, so that the dilution can be carried out on the agar plate 4.
  • the distribution on the agar plate 4 is uniform, and solves the problem that the fungus that exists when using the applicator is attached to the applicator, so that the fungus can be distributed more evenly on the agar plate 4, and avoid the mixing of fungi caused by the uneven distribution of the diluent. In order to avoid the problem of bacterial colonies mixed together after culture, the test results are more accurate. This design makes the aseptic operation effect better by setting up a sterile environment.
  • the centrifugal assembly includes a positioning seat 5 fixedly installed inside the aseptic box 1, a rotating seat 6 movable at the center above the positioning seat 5, and a motor 7 for driving the rotating seat 6, and the agar plate 4 is engaged on the rotating seat 6; drive the rotating seat 6 and the agar plate 4 to rotate through the motor 7, so that the diluent is centrifuged, which is convenient for the diluent to spread evenly on the agar plate 4, so that the diluent is more comprehensively distributed on the agar plate 4, avoiding the occurrence of Incomplete contact with the surface of the agar plate 4.
  • the blowing assembly includes a micro fan 10 that is movably arranged directly above the rotating seat 6, a positioning ring 11 fixedly installed at the bottom of the micro fan 10, and a plurality of guide rings 12 fixedly arranged in the middle of the positioning ring 11.
  • the positioning ring 11 and the guide ring 12 are all of a circular platform structure. A gap for air circulation.
  • the micro fan 10 applies external force to the surface of the diluent, so that the surface of the diluent is fully stressed, and the force on the edge of the diluent is more balanced, so that the diluent spreads evenly to the periphery of the agar plate 4 during diffusion, avoiding the tension effect of the diluent resulting in uneven diffusion.
  • the gap between two adjacent guide rings 12 is convenient for air outlet, and the wind is separated, so that the wind force in the same gap is the same, and it is convenient to control the flow velocity and flow direction of the wind, so that the force acting on the diluent is easy to control. In order to facilitate the uniform diffusion of diluent.
  • This design does not need to use a spreader for coating, so as to avoid the fungus from adhering to the spreader and reduce the fungus on the agar plate 4.
  • the upper center of the rotating seat 6 is provided with a draw-in groove 8, and the ring side of the agar plate 4 is fixedly equipped with a clamp block 9, and the clamp block 9 is engaged in the inside of the draw-in groove 8, and the outer wall of the agar plate 4 and the inner wall of the draw-in groove 8 fit, and the agar plate 4 just rotates inside the draw-in groove 8 .
  • the design of the clamp block 9 and the draw-in groove 8 facilitates the agar plate 4 to be installed on the rotating seat 6 and facilitates the removal of the agar plate 4.
  • the clamping direction of the agar plate 4 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotating seat 6, so that the rotating seat 6 turns to the process
  • the middle agar plate 4 engages more stably on the rotating seat 6 .
  • the blowing assembly also includes an air pump 14 fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the aseptic box 1 and an air pipe 15 fixedly connected to the air outlet of the air pump 14 , and the air pump 14 is located on one side of the positioning seat 5 .
  • an air pump 14 fixedly arranged at the inner bottom of the aseptic box 1 and an air pipe 15 fixedly connected to the air outlet of the air pump 14 , and the air pump 14 is located on one side of the positioning seat 5 .
  • the blowing assembly also includes a lifting platform 27 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the aseptic box 1, a limit block 16 and a movable block 17 that is movably arranged on the inner side of the limit block 16, and the movable block 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting platform 27 to output end, the micro blower 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable block 17, and the limiting block 16 limits the movable block 17.
  • This design is convenient to adjust the height of micro fan 10.
  • the positioning thin plate 18 facilitates the installation and fixing between multiple guide rings 12 and between the positioning rings 11 and the guide rings 12 .
  • an aseptic pool 19 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the aseptic box 1, and sterile water is added inside the sterile pool 19, and a quantitative pump 20 is fixedly installed inside the sterile pool 19, and the water outlet of the quantitative pump 20 is fixedly connected There is a water outlet 21 , and the water outlet of the water outlet 21 runs through the top wall of the aseptic box 1 and extends into the inside of the aseptic box 1 .
  • This design is convenient for providing sterile water needed for dilution and avoiding contact with the external environment during operation.
  • the upper side of the aseptic box 1 is fixedly equipped with a feed bin 22, the bottom of the feed bin 22 is fixedly connected with a valve, the discharge end of the bottom of the valve is connected with the inside of the aseptic box 1, and the upper opening of the feed bin 22
  • a hermetic door 23 is engaged, and a sterilizing lamp 24 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the hermetic door 23 .
  • one side of the aseptic box 1 is provided with a closed door 25, and the inside of the aseptic box 1 is fixedly provided with a sterilizing table 26 near the bottom of the side of the closed door 25.
  • the sterilizing table 26 has a built-in ultraviolet lamp, and the top of the sterilizing table 26 is provided with Operating table and operating instruments. This operation facilitates the formation of a good sterile environment.
  • a yogurt quality detection device and detection method for the number of fungi, the method of use and the working principle are as follows:
  • the operating instrument When in use, the operating instrument is first sterilized, then the closed door 25 is opened, the operating instrument is placed inside the sterile box 1, the closed door 25 is closed, and the sterilization lamp 24, the sterilization lamp 2 and the ultraviolet lamp inside the sterilization table 26 are turned on for 25-30 minutes Sterilize the inside of the device to facilitate the creation of a sterile environment;
  • the agar plate 4 is engaged in the rotating seat 6, adjust the micro blower 10 to a suitable position above the agar plate 4, turn on the motor 7, the motor 7 drives the rotating seat 6 to rotate, and the diluent in the agar plate 4 appears centrifugal phenomenon from the middle of the agar plate 4. Diffusion to the periphery; it is convenient for the diluent to disperse in the agar plate 4, so as to avoid the problem that the fungus adheres to the spreader when the spreader is used and causes deviation in detection.
  • the micro-blower 10 After turning on the motor 7 and opening the micro-blower 10, the micro-blower 10 blows the diluent on the agar plate 4 from the center to the periphery. After the final diluent is dispersed more evenly, turn off the motor 7 and the micro-blower 10, and open the air pump 14 to blow the trachea. 15 Partial further blowing against the diluent until the diluent is evenly distributed in the agar plate 4 . In order to make the diluent disperse more evenly, so that the fungus disperses more evenly, cover the lid of the agar plate 4, take out the agar plate 4 after cultivating for 2 days, and detect the number of colonies in the agar plate 4.

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Abstract

一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置及检测方法，涉及酸奶真菌检测领域，该真菌数量检测装置包括无菌箱(1)、固定设置在无菌箱(1)内顶部的用于制造无菌环境的杀菌灯(2)、固定设置在无菌箱(1)内部一侧的手套(3)、固定设置在无菌箱(1)内部中间的离心组件，以及活动设置在无菌箱(1)内部上方的吹散组件，离心组件上方中间卡合有琼脂平板(4)，琼脂平板(4)的中心添加有酸奶稀释液，琼脂平板(4)的内部中间一体连接有圆锥体(13)，离心组件用于将酸奶稀释液在琼脂平板(4)的中心向外方向进行均匀扩散；通过使用离心组件和吹散组件进行稀释液在琼脂平板(4)上的扩散，不仅使得稀释液在琼脂平板(4)上分布均匀，并解决了使用涂布器时存在的真菌附着在涂布器上的问题，使得检测结果更加准确。

Description

一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置及检测方法 技术领域
本发明属于酸奶真菌检测领域，特别是涉及一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置及检测方法。
背景技术
酸奶的生产制造具有一定标准，其中真菌含量需要在一定范围内，因此要进行真菌含量的检测，迄今为止，酸奶内真菌的数量检测通常采用琼脂平板计数法。这种方法需要进行采样、稀释、进行琼脂平板的涂布，然后保温培养直到样品中的菌落成长到足以用肉眼观察到为止。
涂布过程中通常是使用涂布器进行涂布，涂布器将稀释液在琼脂平板的培养基上涂布均匀，由于涂布器需要和稀释液接触，因此真菌容易附着在涂布器上，导致琼脂平板上真菌数量降低，并导致检测结果不准确，且涂布器的涂布通常是手动涂布，会出现稀释液在琼脂平板上分布不均的问题，容易导致真菌混杂在一起，菌落生成后容易混合在一起，导致检测结果不准确。
因此，现有的酸奶真菌数量检测装置存在涂布器涂布导致的检测结果不准确的问题，为此，我们提出一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置及检测方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置 及检测方法，可以有效解决背景技术中提出的现有的酸奶真菌数量检测装置存在的涂布器涂布导致的检测结果不准确的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明为一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，包括无菌箱、固定设置在无菌箱内顶部的用于制造无菌环境的杀菌灯、固定设置在无菌箱内部一侧的手套、固定设置在无菌箱内部中间的离心组件，以及活动设置在无菌箱内部上方的吹散组件，所述离心组件上方中间卡合有琼脂平板，所述琼脂平板的中心添加有酸奶稀释液，所述琼脂平板的内部中间一体连接有圆锥体，所述离心组件用于将酸奶稀释液在琼脂平板的中心向外方向进行均匀扩散，所述吹散组件位于琼脂平板的正上方，所述吹散组件用于将酸奶稀释液在琼脂平板上吹涂均匀；使用离心组件和吹散组件进行稀释液在琼脂平板上的扩散，便于使得稀释液在琼脂平板上分布均匀，并解决了使用涂布器时存在的真菌附着在涂布器上的问题，便于使得真菌在琼脂平板上分布更均匀，以及避免稀释液分布不均导致的真菌混在一起的问题，从而避免出现培养后菌落混在一起的问题，使得检测结果更加准确，本设计通过设置无菌环境，使得无菌操作效果更好。
所述离心组件包括固定安装在无菌箱内部的定位座、活动设置在定位座上方中心的转动座、以及用于对转动座进行驱动的电机，所述琼脂平板卡合在转动座的上方；通过电机带动转动座和琼脂平板转动，使得稀释液发生离心现象，便于稀释液在琼脂平板上进行均匀扩散，使得稀释液在琼脂平板上分布更全面，避免出现和琼脂平板表面接触 不完全的问题。
所述吹散组件包括活动设置在转动座正上方的微型风机、固定安装在微型风机底部的定位环、以及固定设置在定位环内部中间的多个导流环，所述定位环正对微型风机的出风端，所述定位环和导流环的整体均为圆台型结构，多个所述导流环的厚度均相同，相邻两个所述导流环之间均间隔有用于空气流通的空隙。微型风机通过向稀释液表面施加外力，便于使得稀释液表面全面受力，且使得稀释液边缘处受力更加平衡，使得稀释液在扩散时均匀向琼脂平板周边扩散，避免稀释液张力作用导致的扩散不均匀的问题。
本设计不需要使用涂布器进行涂布，避免真菌附着在涂布器上导致琼脂平板上真菌减少。
优选地，所述转动座的上方中心开设有卡槽，所述琼脂平板的环侧固定安装有卡块，所述卡块卡合在卡槽的内部，所述琼脂平板的外壁和卡槽的内壁贴合，且琼脂平板刚好在卡槽的内部转动。卡块和卡槽的设计便于琼脂平板安装在转动座上以及便于琼脂平板取下，琼脂平板的卡紧方向和转动座的转动方向相反，使得转动座转到过程中琼脂平板在转动座上卡合更加稳定。
优选地，所述卡块有三个，且在琼脂平板的环侧均匀间隔分布。本设计便于使得琼脂平板在转动座上卡合牢固。
优选地，所述吹散组件还包括固定设置在无菌箱内侧底部的气泵以及固定连接在气泵出气端的气管，所述气泵位于定位座的一侧。通过手动操作，便于使得稀释液在琼脂平板上分布更完全、和更均匀， 稀释液也琼脂平板接触更充分。
优选地，所述吹散组件还包括固定安装在无菌箱内壁的升降平台、限位块以及活动设置在限位块内侧的活动块，所述活动块固定连接在升降平台的上方输出端，所述微型风机固定连接在活动块的一端，所述限位块对活动块进行限位。本设计便于调整微型风机的高度。
优选地，所述定位环和导流环之间、相邻两个导流环之间均固定设置有分布均匀的定位薄板。定位薄板便于多个导流环之间以及定位环和导流环之间的安装固定。
优选地，所述无菌箱的上方一侧固定安装有无菌水池，所述无菌水池内部添加有无菌水，所述无菌水池的内部固定安装有定量泵，所述定量泵的出水端固定连接有出水头，所述出水头的出水端贯穿无菌箱的顶壁并伸入无菌箱的内部。本设计便于提供稀释时需要用到的无菌水，避免操作时和外界环境接触。
优选地，所述无菌箱的上方一侧固定安装有进料仓，所述进料仓的底部固定连接有阀门，所述阀门底部出料端和无菌箱内部贯通，所述进料仓的上方开口处卡合有密封门，所述密封门的底部固定安装有灭菌灯。本设计便于使操作处于较高的无菌环境。
优选地，所述无菌箱的一侧设置有封闭门，所述无菌箱的内部临近封闭门的一侧底部固定设置有杀菌台，所述杀菌台内置紫外灯，所述杀菌台的上方设置有操作台和操作仪器。本操作便于形成良好的无菌环境。
一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的检测方法，包括以下步 骤：
S1、使用时，操作仪器先进行消毒，再打开封闭门，将操作仪器放入无菌箱内部，关闭封闭门，打开灭菌灯、杀菌灯以及杀菌台内部紫外灯25-30min进行装置内部的灭菌，制造无菌环境；
S2、打开密封门，向进料仓内部加入酸奶，使用操作仪器中试管放在阀门底部，打开阀门，在试管内接入酸奶，使用操作仪器在无菌箱内部按稀释涂布平板法进行酸奶稀释操作，稀释好的带有真菌的稀释液添加在琼脂平板的内部，稀释液从圆锥体上方中心添加到琼脂平板内；
S3、琼脂平板卡合在转动座内，调整微型风机到琼脂平板上方合适位置，打开电机，电机带动转动座转动，琼脂平板内稀释液出现离心现象从琼脂平板内部中间向周边扩散；
S4、打开电机后并打开微型风机，微型风机将稀释液在琼脂平板从中心向周边吹动，最终稀释液分散较为均匀后，关闭电机和微型风机，并打开气泵，将气管对着稀释液进行局部的进一步吹散，直到稀释液在琼脂平板内分布均匀，盖上琼脂平板的盖子，培养2天后取出琼脂平板，检测琼脂平板内菌落数量。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明使用离心组件和吹散组件进行稀释液在琼脂平板上的扩散，通过电机带动转动座和琼脂平板转动，使得稀释液发生离心现象，便于稀释液在琼脂平板上进行均匀扩散；微型风机通过向稀释液表面施加外力，便于使得稀释液表面全面受力，且使得稀释液边缘处受力 更加平衡，使得稀释液在扩散时均匀向琼脂平板周边扩散，使得稀释液在琼脂平板上分布更全面，避免出现和琼脂平板表面接触不完全的问题，避免稀释液张力作用导致的扩散不均匀的问题。本设计不仅使得稀释液在琼脂平板上分布均匀，避免出现培养后菌落混在一起的问题，并解决了使用涂布器时存在的真菌附着在涂布器上的问题，使得检测结果更加准确。本设计通过设置无菌环境，使得无菌操作效果更好。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的正视剖视图；
图2为本发明的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的立体图；
图3为本发明的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的俯视剖视图；
图4为本发明的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的定位环、导流环连接结构立体图；
图5为本发明的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的转动座立体图；
图6为本发明的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的琼脂平板立体图；
图7为本发明的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的侧视剖视图。
附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：
1、无菌箱；2、杀菌灯；3、手套；4、琼脂平板；5、定位座；6、转动座；7、电机；8、卡槽；9、卡块；10、微型风机；11、定位环；12、导流环；13、圆锥体；14、气泵；15、气管；16、限位块；17、活动块；18、定位薄板；19、无菌水池；20、定量泵；21、出水头；22、进料仓；23、密封门；24、灭菌灯；25、封闭门；26、杀菌台；27、升降平台。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“中”、“外”、“内”等指示方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的组件或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例：
请参阅图1-7所示，本发明为一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，包括无菌箱1、固定设置在无菌箱1内顶部的用于制造无菌环境的杀菌灯2、固定设置在无菌箱1内部一侧的手套3、固定设置在无菌箱1内部中间的离心组件，以及活动设置在无菌箱1内部上方的吹散组件，离心组件上方中间卡合有琼脂平板4，琼脂平板4的中心添加有酸奶稀释液，琼脂平板4的内部中间一体连接有圆锥体13，离心组件用于将酸奶稀释液在琼脂平板4的中心向外方向进行均匀扩散，吹散组件位于琼脂平板4的正上方，吹散组件用于将酸奶稀释液在琼脂平板4上吹涂均匀；使用离心组件和吹散组件进行稀释液在琼脂平板4上的扩散，便于使得稀释液在琼脂平板4上分布均匀，并解决了使用涂布器时存在的真菌附着在涂布器上的问题，便于使得真菌在琼脂平板4上分布更均匀，以及避免稀释液分布不均导致的真菌混在一起的问题，从而避免出现培养后菌落混在一起的问题，使得检测结果更加准确，本设计通过设置无菌环境，使得无菌操作效果更好。
离心组件包括固定安装在无菌箱1内部的定位座5、活动设置在定位座5上方中心的转动座6、以及用于对转动座6进行驱动的电机7，琼脂平板4卡合在转动座6的上方；通过电机7带动转动座6和琼脂平板4转动，使得稀释液发生离心现象，便于稀释液在琼脂平板4上进行均匀扩散，使得稀释液在琼脂平板4上分布更全面，避免出现和琼脂平板4表面接触不完全的问题。
吹散组件包括活动设置在转动座6正上方的微型风机10、固定安装在微型风机10底部的定位环11、以及固定设置在定位环11内部中间 的多个导流环12，定位环11正对微型风机10的出风端，定位环11和导流环12的整体均为圆台型结构，多个导流环12的厚度均相同，相邻两个导流环12之间均间隔有用于空气流通的空隙。微型风机10通过向稀释液表面施加外力，便于使得稀释液表面全面受力，且使得稀释液边缘处受力更加平衡，使得稀释液在扩散时均匀向琼脂平板4周边扩散，避免稀释液张力作用导致的扩散不均匀的问题。相邻两个导流环12之间的空隙便于出风，且对风进行分隔，便于使得同一间隙内的风力相同，便于控制风的流速和流向，使得作用在稀释液上的力便于控制，以便于稀释液的均匀扩散。
本设计不需要使用涂布器进行涂布，避免真菌附着在涂布器上导致琼脂平板4上真菌减少。
其中，转动座6的上方中心开设有卡槽8，琼脂平板4的环侧固定安装有卡块9，卡块9卡合在卡槽8的内部，琼脂平板4的外壁和卡槽8的内壁贴合，且琼脂平板4刚好在卡槽8的内部转动。卡块9和卡槽8的设计便于琼脂平板4安装在转动座6上以及便于琼脂平板4取下，琼脂平板4的卡紧方向和转动座6的转动方向相反，使得转动座6转到过程中琼脂平板4在转动座6上卡合更加稳定。
其中，卡块9有三个，且在琼脂平板4的环侧均匀间隔分布。本设计便于使得琼脂平板4在转动座6上卡合牢固。
其中，吹散组件还包括固定设置在无菌箱1内侧底部的气泵14以及固定连接在气泵14出气端的气管15，气泵14位于定位座5的一侧。通过手动操作，便于使得稀释液在琼脂平板4上分布更完全、和更均 匀，稀释液也琼脂平板4接触更充分。
其中，吹散组件还包括固定安装在无菌箱1内壁的升降平台27、限位块16以及活动设置在限位块16内侧的活动块17，活动块17固定连接在升降平台27的上方输出端，微型风机10固定连接在活动块17的一端，限位块16对活动块17进行限位。本设计便于调整微型风机10的高度。
其中，定位环11和导流环12之间、相邻两个导流环12之间均固定设置有分布均匀的定位薄板18。定位薄板18便于多个导流环12之间以及定位环11和导流环12之间的安装固定。
其中，无菌箱1的上方一侧固定安装有无菌水池19，无菌水池19内部添加有无菌水，无菌水池19的内部固定安装有定量泵20，定量泵20的出水端固定连接有出水头21，出水头21的出水端贯穿无菌箱1的顶壁并伸入无菌箱1的内部。本设计便于提供稀释时需要用到的无菌水，避免操作时和外界环境接触。
其中，无菌箱1的上方一侧固定安装有进料仓22，进料仓22的底部固定连接有阀门，阀门底部出料端和无菌箱1内部贯通，进料仓22的上方开口处卡合有密封门23，密封门23的底部固定安装有灭菌灯24。本设计便于使操作处于较高的无菌环境。
其中，无菌箱1的一侧设置有封闭门25，无菌箱1的内部临近封闭门25的一侧底部固定设置有杀菌台26，杀菌台26内置紫外灯，杀菌台26的上方设置有操作台和操作仪器。本操作便于形成良好的无菌环境。
一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置及检测方法，其使用方法 及工作原理为：
使用时，操作仪器先进行消毒，再打开封闭门25，将操作仪器放入无菌箱1内部，关闭封闭门25，打开灭菌灯24、杀菌灯2以及杀菌台26内部紫外灯25-30min进行装置内部的灭菌，便于制造无菌环境；
打开密封门23，向进料仓22内部加入酸奶，使用操作仪器中试管放在阀门底部，打开阀门，在试管内接入酸奶，使用操作仪器在无菌箱1内部按稀释涂布平板法进行酸奶稀释操作，稀释好的带有真菌的稀释液添加在琼脂平板4的内部，稀释液从圆锥体13上方中心添加到琼脂平板4内；使得后续通过离心和微型风机10的吹动作用下便于稀释液分散均匀。
琼脂平板4卡合在转动座6内，调整微型风机10到琼脂平板4上方合适位置，打开电机7，电机7带动转动座6转动，琼脂平板4内稀释液出现离心现象从琼脂平板4内部中间向周边扩散；便于稀释液在琼脂平板4内进行分散，避免使用涂布器时出现真菌附着在涂布器上导致检测出现偏差的问题。
打开电机7后并打开微型风机10，微型风机10将稀释液在琼脂平板4从中心向周边吹动，最终稀释液分散较为均匀后，关闭电机7和微型风机10，并打开气泵14，将气管15对着稀释液进行局部的进一步吹散，直到稀释液在琼脂平板4内分布均匀。便于使得稀释液分散更加均匀，以使得真菌分散更加均匀，盖上琼脂平板4的盖子，培养2天后取出琼脂平板4，检测琼脂平板4内菌落数量。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体 示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：包括无菌箱(1)、固定设置在无菌箱(1)内顶部的用于制造无菌环境的杀菌灯(2)、固定设置在无菌箱(1)内部一侧的手套(3)、固定设置在无菌箱(1)内部中间的离心组件，以及活动设置在无菌箱(1)内部上方的吹散组件，所述离心组件上方中间卡合有琼脂平板(4)，所述琼脂平板(4)的中心添加有酸奶稀释液，所述琼脂平板(4)的内部中间一体连接有圆锥体(13)，所述离心组件用于将酸奶稀释液在琼脂平板(4)的中心向外方向进行均匀扩散，所述吹散组件位于琼脂平板(4)的正上方，所述吹散组件用于将酸奶稀释液在琼脂平板(4)上吹涂均匀；
    所述离心组件包括固定安装在无菌箱(1)内部的定位座(5)、活动设置在定位座(5)上方中心的转动座(6)、以及用于对转动座(6)进行驱动的电机(7)，所述琼脂平板(4)卡合在转动座(6)的上方；
    所述吹散组件包括活动设置在转动座(6)正上方的微型风机(10)、固定安装在微型风机(10)底部的定位环(11)、以及固定设置在定位环(11)内部中间的多个导流环(12)，所述定位环(11)正对微型风机(10)的出风端，所述定位环(11)和导流环(12)的整体均为圆台型结构，多个所述导流环(12)的厚度均相同，相邻两个所述导流环(12)之间均间隔有用于空气流通的空隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述转动座(6)的上方中心开设有卡槽(8)，所述琼 脂平板(4)的环侧固定安装有卡块(9)，所述卡块(9)卡合在卡槽(8)的内部，所述琼脂平板(4)的外壁和卡槽(8)的内壁贴合，且琼脂平板(4)刚好在卡槽(8)的内部转动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述卡块(9)有三个，且在琼脂平板(4)的环侧均匀间隔分布。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述吹散组件还包括固定设置在无菌箱(1)内侧底部的气泵(14)以及固定连接在气泵(14)出气端的气管(15)，所述气泵(14)位于定位座(5)的一侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述吹散组件还包括固定安装在无菌箱(1)内壁的升降平台(27)、限位块(16)以及活动设置在限位块(16)内侧的活动块(17)，所述活动块(17)固定连接在升降平台(27)的上方输出端，所述微型风机(10)固定连接在活动块(17)的一端，所述限位块(16)对活动块(17)进行限位。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述定位环(11)和导流环(12)之间、相邻两个导流环(12)之间均固定设置有分布均匀的定位薄板(18)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述无菌箱(1)的上方一侧固定安装有无菌水池(19)，所述无菌水池(19)内部添加有无菌水，所述无菌水池(19)的内部 固定安装有定量泵(20)，所述定量泵(20)的出水端固定连接有出水头(21)，所述出水头(21)的出水端贯穿无菌箱(1)的顶壁并伸入无菌箱(1)的内部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述无菌箱(1)的上方一侧固定安装有进料仓(22)，所述进料仓(22)的底部固定连接有阀门，所述阀门底部出料端和无菌箱(1)内部贯通，所述进料仓(22)的上方开口处卡合有密封门(23)，所述密封门(23)的底部固定安装有灭菌灯(24)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置，其特征在于：所述无菌箱(1)的一侧设置有封闭门(25)，所述无菌箱(1)的内部临近封闭门(25)的一侧底部固定设置有杀菌台(26)，所述杀菌台(26)内置紫外灯，所述杀菌台(26)的上方设置有操作台和操作仪器。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种酸奶质量检测用真菌数量检测装置的检测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1、使用时，操作仪器先进行消毒，再打开封闭门(25)，将操作仪器放入无菌箱(1)内部，关闭封闭门(25)，打开灭菌灯(24)、杀菌灯(2)以及杀菌台(26)内部紫外灯25-30min进行装置内部的灭菌，制造无菌环境；
    S2、打开密封门(23)，向进料仓(22)内部加入酸奶，使用操作仪器中试管放在阀门底部，打开阀门，在试管内接入酸奶，使用操作仪器在无菌箱(1)内部按稀释涂布平板法进行酸奶稀释操作，稀 释好的带有真菌的稀释液添加在琼脂平板(4)的内部，稀释液从圆锥体(13)上方中心添加到琼脂平板(4)内；
    S3、琼脂平板(4)卡合在转动座(6)内，调整微型风机(10)到琼脂平板(4)上方合适位置，打开电机(7)，电机(7)带动转动座(6)转动，琼脂平板(4)内稀释液出现离心现象从琼脂平板(4)内部中间向周边扩散；
    S4、打开电机(7)后并打开微型风机(10)，微型风机(10)将稀释液在琼脂平板(4)从中心向周边吹动，最终稀释液分散较为均匀后，关闭电机(7)和微型风机(10)，并打开气泵(14)，将气管(15)对着稀释液进行局部的进一步吹散，直到稀释液在琼脂平板(4)内分布均匀，盖上琼脂平板(4)的盖子，培养2天后取出琼脂平板(4)，检测琼脂平板(4)内菌落数量。
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