WO2023129068A1 - Procédé de chauffage de la couche de poudre dans des établis de fabrication additive par fusion sur lit de poudre - Google Patents

Procédé de chauffage de la couche de poudre dans des établis de fabrication additive par fusion sur lit de poudre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023129068A1
WO2023129068A1 PCT/TR2022/051639 TR2022051639W WO2023129068A1 WO 2023129068 A1 WO2023129068 A1 WO 2023129068A1 TR 2022051639 W TR2022051639 W TR 2022051639W WO 2023129068 A1 WO2023129068 A1 WO 2023129068A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
induction
powder bed
additive manufacturing
heating
powder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2022/051639
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hayrettin Çağrı GÜRBÜZ
Original Assignee
Sentes-Bir Metalurji Kimya Enerji Uretim Ve Geri Donusum Teknolojileri Sanayi Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Sentes-Bir Metalurji Kimya Enerji Uretim Ve Geri Donusum Teknolojileri Sanayi Ticaret Anonim Sirketi filed Critical Sentes-Bir Metalurji Kimya Enerji Uretim Ve Geri Donusum Teknolojileri Sanayi Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Publication of WO2023129068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023129068A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method in which the powder surface laid in the production chamber is heated by induction so as to use metal powders with low weldability in powder bed additive manufacturing workbenches, and a workbench suitable for this method.
  • additive manufacturing is “the process of combining materials, often in layers, to make objects from 3D model data, as opposed to subtraction manufacturing methodologies such as traditional machining”.
  • the present invention ensures that metal powders with low weldability, which cannot be used in the manufacturing method mentioned here, can also be used in the additive manufacturing method.
  • metal powders are selectively melted using a laser or electron beam as an energy source in this method.
  • a powder layer is laid on the powder bed of the production chamber and a laser beam selectively melts the powder layer to form the part layer by welding the part to be produced with each other and with the part in a substrate.
  • the platform referred to as the “substrate” is then lowered, usually by 20-100 pm and a new powder layer is laid from the powder feeding chamber, which is lifted up by the spreading blade, towards the production chamber powder bed.
  • the powders melt and combine with each other and with the substrate by applying the laser beam to a selected area in this layer. This process cycle continues until the part reaches the targeted length.
  • the produced part and the powders that have not merged with the beam are separated and removed from the production chamber.
  • Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing technology is essentially welding mechanisms operate in the joining of metal powders with each other and with the part in the substrate. For this reason, the weldability of metal powder alloys is one of the factors affecting part manufacturability with laser powder bed fusion technology. Some materials may crack during melting or during cooling after melting.
  • a preheating system is commonly used so as to process crack-sensitive materials and reduce component degradation in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Preheating reduces thermal gradients and therefore internal stresses.
  • Traditional preheating systems heat the powder bed and the part with resistors from under the production chamber wherein the part is made. However, this heating is insufficient: the distance between the substrate and the working plane increases throughout the process, thereby reducing the temperature in the working plane. The temperature delivered from the substrate can be increased so as to compensate this, but this temperature should not exceed the melting temperature of the substrate. The amount of heating is limited by the construction height.
  • Heating can be realized by scanning with electromagnetic fields in the determined regions and patterns, with electron beam, power and diameter controlled on the powder laid in the production chamber in the additive manufacturing technologies made by electron beam melting. Therefore, materials such as gamma titanium aluminide can be produced on powder bed fusion technology benches with electron beam melting system.
  • the movement of the beam is very fast in the electron beam melting systems since it is provided by electromagnetic fields.
  • the laser beam is directed electromechanically by galvo heads in which the mirrors are moved in the laser beam welded systems. This method is very slow compared to electron beam melting systems.
  • the laser beam diameter is very small. For these reasons, the laser beam cannot be used to heat the powder bed surface.
  • Another solution developed for heating the powder bed surface is to heat the powder bed surface with a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with a wavelength of 808 nm.
  • VCSEL vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the heating takes place in the entire area of the powder bed due to the location of the laser source, only the desired areas cannot be heated, and the required time for heating is high.
  • Powder bed manufacturing method is defined in the PCT patent document numbered US2020269500A1 , which is found in the literature research.
  • the powders are heated with a second laser source. It is also mentioned that heating can be made with infrared ray source. However, there is no mention of induction heating in the method.
  • NiAl Titanium Aluminide
  • the invention is an additive manufacturing method and a suitable manufacturing workbench which exceeds the state of the art, eliminates the disadvantages and has some additional features.
  • the aim of the invention is to reveal a method that includes induction heating method, which enables the use of powder metals with low weldability, which cannot be used in the additive manufacturing method.
  • Another aim of the invention is to reveal a new additive manufacturing machine with alternative heating method.
  • Another aim of the invention is to present a new additive manufacturing machine with flexibility so as to heat the preferred surface.
  • Figure - 1 is a view of a machine using the additive manufacturing method used in state of the art.
  • Figure - 2 is a view of the workbench where the inventive method is applied.
  • Figure - 3 is a view in which the induction heat is applied to the entire surface of the workbench with the inventive method.
  • Figure - 4 is a view in which the induction heat is applied to the workbench surface at certain intervals with the inventive method.
  • Figure - 5 is a view in which there are many induction coils to apply the induction heat to the workbench surface in strips with the inventive method.
  • Figure - 6 is a view in which the induction heat is applied to the workbench surface in strips with the inventive method.
  • Figure - 7 is a view in which the induction heat is applied to the workbench surface in strips but at certain intervals with the inventive method.
  • inventive method is described by means of examples only for clarifying the subject matter such that no limiting effect is created.
  • FIG. 1 a view for an additive manufacturing machine in the state of the art is given.
  • the operating method of the additive manufacturing machine must be understood correctly so as to understand the present invention.
  • metal powders taken from the powder feeding chamber (13) are laid on the powder bed (10) with the powder spreader blade (12) in the additive manufacturing workbenches.
  • the powders laid are melted by laser heating to form the part layer (A).
  • the bed movement platform (11) and the powder bed move down in micron sizes, the heating process is continued by laying the powder on the powder bed (10) again and the process is repeated until the height of the A part reaches the desired size.
  • the biggest problem in the additive manufacturing method is that not all metal powders can be used in the method.
  • it is aimed to heat the powder surface laid on the powder bed (10) by induction so that metal powders with low weldability can also be used in powder bed additive manufacturing workbenches. Induction heating can be performed before or after laser process.
  • the induction heating method used in the inventive method can be applied on the powder bed (10) in alternative ways.
  • the induction heating method is applied to the entire surface of the powder bed.
  • Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the view that heat is applied to the entire surface of the powder bed (10). Therefore, an induction coil (14) and a coil movement arm (15) that moves the induction coil (14) are needed so as to heat the entire surface of the powder bed (10) by induction.
  • the length of the induction coil (14) is as long as the area that needs to be heated on the powder bed (10).
  • the coil movement arm (15) moves the induction coil (14) at the speeds determined for the process, allowing the metal powders on the heated surface (16) to be heated, as seen in figure 3.
  • the workbench includes many induction coils (15) arranged on the coil movement arm (15).
  • induction coils (15) can be opened and closed by a controller and heated in strips at certain intervals as in figure 7, only the desired areas are heated on the powder bed (10).
  • Heated surfaces (16) are shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
  • the heating temperature can be adjusted depending on the power, frequency of the induction coil (14) or the speed of the coil movement arm (15). Moreover, the frequency and power of the induction and the depth at which the heating will affect the lower layers can be adjusted. Heating can be performed in the desired areas by controlling the induction coil(s) (14) that perform the heating process.
  • the amount of heating with induction can be controlled by measuring with a thermal or infrared camera that sees the entire powder bed or follows the induction coil, the induction power, which determines the heating amount, can be adjusted automatically with the feedback from the measurement.
  • induction magnetic flux concentrator parts that induction magnetic flux director” or “induction magnetic flux concentrator” in Turkish.
  • the magnetic currents created by the induction are concentrated in the desired region with these parts and practically, it serves to heat the part more within a shorter time.
  • an induction magnetic flux concentrator mounted on the induction coil(s) (14) can be included in the present invention so as to increase the surface heating efficiency.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé dans lequel la surface de poudre déposée dans le lit de poudre (10) est chauffée par induction de façon à utiliser des poudres métalliques ayant une faible soudabilité dans des établis de fabrication additive de lit de poudre, ainsi qu'un établi approprié pour ce procédé.
PCT/TR2022/051639 2021-12-29 2022-12-28 Procédé de chauffage de la couche de poudre dans des établis de fabrication additive par fusion sur lit de poudre WO2023129068A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2021/021555A TR2021021555A2 (tr) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 Toz yatak füzyon eklemeli̇ i̇malat tezgahlarinda toz katmaninin isitilmasina dai̇r yöntem
TR2021/021555 2021-12-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023129068A1 true WO2023129068A1 (fr) 2023-07-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/TR2022/051639 WO2023129068A1 (fr) 2021-12-29 2022-12-28 Procédé de chauffage de la couche de poudre dans des établis de fabrication additive par fusion sur lit de poudre

Country Status (2)

Country Link
TR (1) TR2021021555A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023129068A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012104536A2 (fr) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Snecma Dispositif de frittage et fusion par laser comprenant un moyen de chauffage de la poudre par induction
WO2020151484A1 (fr) * 2019-01-24 2020-07-30 大连理工大学 Dispositif et procédé de fabrication additive au laser composite à matrice de titane assisté par chauffage par induction électromagnétique

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012104536A2 (fr) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Snecma Dispositif de frittage et fusion par laser comprenant un moyen de chauffage de la poudre par induction
WO2020151484A1 (fr) * 2019-01-24 2020-07-30 大连理工大学 Dispositif et procédé de fabrication additive au laser composite à matrice de titane assisté par chauffage par induction électromagnétique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TR2021021555A2 (tr) 2022-01-21

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