WO2023125375A1 - 通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125375A1
WO2023125375A1 PCT/CN2022/141818 CN2022141818W WO2023125375A1 WO 2023125375 A1 WO2023125375 A1 WO 2023125375A1 CN 2022141818 W CN2022141818 W CN 2022141818W WO 2023125375 A1 WO2023125375 A1 WO 2023125375A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sdt
network device
failure information
context
terminal device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/141818
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
酉春华
娄崇
阿鲁瓦利亚贾格迪普·辛格
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22914629.5A priority Critical patent/EP4440193A1/en
Publication of WO2023125375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125375A1/zh
Priority to US18/756,557 priority patent/US20240357386A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/30—Connection release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/19—Connection re-establishment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/27—Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/30—Connection release
    • H04W76/38—Connection release triggered by timers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the communication field, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • RRC_CONNECTED RRC connected
  • RRC idle RRC_IDLE
  • RRC_INACTIVE RRC non- Active
  • the terminal equipment When the terminal device has data transmission, regardless of the size of the data, the terminal device in the RRC inactive state needs to be converted to the RRC connection state, that is, the RRC connection with the network device can be restored before the data transmission can be completed.
  • the terminal equipment also needs to perform a complete RRC recovery process and enter the RRC connection state before data transmission can be performed.
  • the number of signaling interactions is large, which increases signaling overhead and makes data
  • the transmission delay is relatively large, which takes up a lot of resources, and also leads to high energy consumption of terminal equipment.
  • the transmission of small data services can be completed through a small data transmission (small data transmission, SDT) mechanism, for example, using pre-configured uplink resources to send small data.
  • SDT small data transmission
  • the terminal device can complete data transmission without transitioning from the RRC inactive state to the RRC connected state.
  • the network device does not know that the terminal device has released the context, but still retains the context of the terminal device, resulting in waste of resources and low resource utilization.
  • the present application provides a communication method and device, which can solve the problem in the prior art that the network equipment cannot release the context of the terminal equipment in time, resulting in low resource utilization.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method is applied to the first access network device.
  • the method includes: obtaining SDT failure information of small data transmission. Release the AS context of the terminal device's access layer according to the SDT failure information. Send the first request message to the core network device.
  • the first request message includes SDT failure information, and the first request message is used to request the core network device to release the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device can determine that the SDT data transmission with the terminal device has failed by obtaining the SDT failure information, so that the first access network device can complete the context release without knowing that the terminal device has completed the release of the context. , release the AS context of the terminal device in time according to the SDT failure information, and timely notify the core network device to release the NAS context of the terminal device, so that the terminal device, the first access network device and the core network device release the context of the terminal device based on the same rule, and then The states of the terminal devices recorded by the three are consistent, so as to save resources and improve resource utilization.
  • obtaining the SDT failure information of the small data transmission specifically includes: receiving a second request message from the terminal device.
  • the second request message is used to request to resume the RRC connection.
  • Start SDT failure monitoring according to the second request message and acquire SDT failure information.
  • the SDT monitoring mechanism can be set in the first access network device to obtain SDT failure information, without obtaining SDT failure information from the terminal device, reducing signaling interaction, so that SDT failure can be detected in time, the context of the terminal device is released, and then Improve resource utilization.
  • obtaining the SDT failure information of the small data transmission specifically includes: receiving the SDT failure information from the second access network device.
  • the first access network device can also obtain the SDT failure information from the second access network device, and the second access network device can set the SDT failure monitoring mechanism or obtain the SDT failure information from the terminal device to facilitate the first access network
  • the device can release the context of the terminal device in time to avoid resource occupation.
  • the first access network device includes a distribution unit and a centralized unit; the AS context includes a first AS context and a second AS context.
  • Releasing the access layer AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information specifically includes: releasing the first AS context of the terminal device through the distribution unit according to the SDT failure information.
  • the third request message includes SDT failure information, and the third request message is used to request the centralized unit to release the second AS context of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device can obtain SDT failure information through the distribution unit, and complete the release of the AS context of the terminal device according to the information interaction between the distribution unit and the centralization unit.
  • the first access network device includes a distribution unit and a centralized unit; the AS context includes a first AS context and a second AS context.
  • Releasing the access layer AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information specifically includes: releasing the second AS context of the terminal device through the central unit according to the SDT failure information.
  • the fourth request message is sent to the distribution unit through the centralized unit.
  • the fourth request message includes SDT failure information, and the fourth request message is used to request the distribution unit to release the first AS context of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device can also obtain the SDT failure information through the centralized unit, and further exchange information with the distributed unit to jointly complete the release of the AS context of the terminal device of the first access network device.
  • sending the first request message to the core network device specifically includes: sending the first request message to the core network device through the centralized unit.
  • the SDT failure information includes one or more of the following: the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold; or, the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold.
  • the first access network device can judge the SDT failure according to the monitored SDT duration and the number of RLC retransmissions, so as to exchange SDT failure information in time to complete the context release of the terminal device and improve resource utilization.
  • the communication method described in the first aspect further includes: receiving a confirmation message from a core network device.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device can confirm that the core network device has released the NAS context of the terminal device according to the confirmation message, and further determine that the terminal device enters an idle state.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method is applied to the second access network device.
  • the method includes: obtaining SDT failure information of small data transmission. Send SDT failure information to the first access network device.
  • acquiring the SDT failure information of the small data transmission specifically includes: receiving the SDT failure information from the terminal device.
  • a communication method is provided. This method is applied to terminal equipment. The method includes: sending small data transmission SDT failure information to the second access network device.
  • the first access network device can directly or indirectly obtain SDT failure information from the second access network device or from the terminal device, thereby releasing the terminal device based on the SDT failure information context, improving resource utilization.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method is applied to core network equipment.
  • the method includes: receiving a first request message from a first access network device.
  • the first request message is used to request the core network device to release the non-access stratum NAS context of the terminal device, and the first request message includes small data transmission SDT failure information. Release the NAS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the communication method in the fourth aspect further includes: sending a confirmation message to the first access network device.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method is applied to the first access network device.
  • the method includes: obtaining SDT failure information of small data transmission.
  • the SDT configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second SDT duration threshold, a second RLC retransmission threshold, a second cell reselection threshold, or a second random access preamble retransmission threshold.
  • the second SDT duration threshold is greater than the first SDT duration threshold
  • the second SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold is greater than the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold
  • the second cell reselection threshold is greater than the first cell reselection threshold
  • the second The threshold for the number of retransmission times of the random access preamble is greater than the threshold for the number of times of retransmission of the first random access preamble.
  • the first SDT duration threshold, the first SDT data RLC retransmission threshold, the first cell reselection threshold, or the first random access preamble retransmission threshold are used to determine the SDT failure information.
  • the first access network device can optimize the SDT configuration information based on the interactive SDT failure information, so that the set threshold becomes larger, thereby preventing other terminal devices from communicating with the first access network device. Entering the RRC idle state too early will result in data loss and improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • obtaining the SDT failure information of the small data transmission specifically includes: receiving the SDT failure information from the third access network device.
  • the SDT failure information of the first access network device can establish a connection with the third access network device through the terminal device, the terminal device reports to the third access network device, and the third access network device sends the SDT failure information to The first access network device completes SDT configuration optimization.
  • the SDT failure information includes one or more of the following: the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold; or, the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold; or, the difference between the signal quality received by the terminal device from the third access network device and the signal quality received by the terminal device from the first access network device is greater than or equal to the first cell reselection threshold; or, random access The number of preamble retransmission times reaches the first random access preamble retransmission times threshold; or, the identifier of the first access network device; or, the identifier of the terminal device.
  • a communication device in a sixth aspect, includes: a processing module and a sending module. Wherein, the processing module is used for obtaining SDT failure information of small data transmission. The processing module is further configured to release the AS context of the terminal device's access layer according to the SDT failure information.
  • a sending module configured to send the first request message to the core network device. Wherein, the first request message includes SDT failure information, and the first request message is used to request the core network device to release the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to perform the following steps: receiving the second request message from the terminal device.
  • the second request message is used to request to resume the RRC connection. Start SDT failure monitoring according to the second request message, and acquire SDT failure information.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: receive SDT failure information from the second access network device.
  • the processing module includes a distribution unit and a centralized unit; the AS context includes a first AS context and a second AS context.
  • the distribution unit is configured to release the first AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the distribution unit is further configured to send a third request message to the centralized unit.
  • the third request message includes SDT failure information, and the third request message is used to request the centralized unit to release the second AS context of the terminal device.
  • the processing module includes a distribution unit and a centralized unit; the AS context includes a first AS context and a second AS context.
  • the centralized unit is configured to release the second AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the centralized unit is further configured to send a fourth request message to the distributed unit.
  • the fourth request message includes SDT failure information, and the fourth request message is used to request the distribution unit to release the first AS context of the terminal device.
  • the centralized unit is further configured to send the first request message to the core network device.
  • the SDT failure information includes one or more of the following: the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold; or, the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold.
  • the communication device described in the sixth aspect further includes: a receiving module.
  • the receiving module is used for receiving the confirmation message from the core network equipment.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device described in the sixth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device can execute the communication method described in the first aspect.
  • the communication device described in the sixth aspect may be an access network device, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the access network device, or may include an access network device device, which is not limited in this application.
  • a communication device in a seventh aspect, includes: a processing module and a sending module.
  • the processing module is used to obtain the SDT failure information of the small data transmission.
  • a sending module configured to send SDT failure information to the first access network device.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: receive SDT failure information from the terminal device.
  • the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a receiving module.
  • the processing module is used to implement the receiving function of the communication device described in the seventh aspect.
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device described in the seventh aspect.
  • the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device can execute the communication method described in the second aspect.
  • the communication device described in the seventh aspect may be an access network device, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the access network device, or may include an access network device device, which is not limited in this application.
  • a communication device includes: a sending module.
  • the sending module is configured to send the small data transmission SDT failure information to the second access network device.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a receiving module.
  • the receiving module is used to realize the receiving function of the communication device described in the eighth aspect.
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device described in the eighth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a processing module.
  • the processing module is used to realize the processing function of the communication device described in the eighth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device can execute the communication method described in the third aspect.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may be a terminal device, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be installed in a terminal device, or a device that includes a terminal device. This is not limited.
  • a communication device in a ninth aspect, includes: a receiving module and a processing module.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the first request message from the first access network device.
  • the first request message is used to request the core network device to release the non-access stratum NAS context of the terminal device, and the first request message includes small data transmission SDT failure information.
  • a processing module configured to release the NAS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the device further includes: a sending module.
  • the sending module is configured to send a confirmation message to the first access network device; the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is used to implement the sending function and receiving function of the communication device described in the ninth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the ninth aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device can execute the communication method described in the fourth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the ninth aspect may be a core network device, such as an access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF), or a chip ( system) or other components or components, and may also be a device including core network equipment, which is not limited in this application.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • chip system
  • core network equipment which is not limited in this application.
  • a communication device in a tenth aspect, includes: a processing module.
  • the processing module is used to obtain the SDT failure information of the small data transmission.
  • the processing module is further configured to determine SDT configuration information according to the SDT failure information.
  • the SDT configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second SDT duration threshold, a second RLC retransmission threshold, a second cell reselection threshold, or a second random access preamble retransmission threshold.
  • the second SDT duration threshold is greater than the first SDT duration threshold
  • the second SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold is greater than the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold
  • the second cell reselection threshold is greater than the first cell reselection threshold
  • the second The threshold for the number of retransmission times of the random access preamble is greater than the threshold for the number of times of retransmission of the first random access preamble.
  • the first SDT duration threshold, the first SDT data RLC retransmission threshold, the first cell reselection threshold, or the first random access preamble retransmission threshold are used to determine the SDT failure information.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: receive SDT failure information from the third access network device.
  • the SDT failure information includes one or more of the following: the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold; or, the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold; or, the difference between the signal quality received by the terminal device from the third access network device and the signal quality received by the terminal device from the first access network device is greater than or equal to the first cell reselection threshold; or, random access The number of preamble retransmission times reaches the first random access preamble retransmission times threshold; or, the identifier of the first access network device; or, the identifier of the terminal device.
  • the communication device described in the tenth aspect may further include a receiving module.
  • the receiving module is used to realize the receiving function of the communication device described in the tenth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the tenth aspect may further include a sending module.
  • the sending module is used to realize the sending function of the communication device described in the tenth aspect.
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device described in the tenth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the tenth aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device can execute the communication method described in the fifth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the tenth aspect may be an access network device, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the access network device, or may include an access network device device, which is not limited in this application.
  • a communication device in an eleventh aspect, includes: a processor coupled with a memory.
  • a processor configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the eleventh aspect may further include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver can be used for the communication device described in the eleventh aspect to communicate with other communication devices.
  • the communication device described in the eleventh aspect may be the access network device described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the terminal device described in the third aspect or
  • the core network device described in the fourth aspect may also be a chip (system) or other components or components that can be set in the access network device or terminal device or core network device, and may also include the access network device or Devices of terminal equipment or core network equipment, which are not limited in this application.
  • a communication system in a twelfth aspect, includes one or more terminal devices, one or more access network devices, and one or more core network devices.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores computer programs or instructions, and when the computer programs or instructions are run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the communication methods described in the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction is run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the communication method according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of SDT transmission based on anchor relocation provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of SDT transmission based on anchorless relocation provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first access network device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a first schematic flow diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a second schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a third schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow diagram five of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a sixth schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a first structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a second structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram III of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-devie (D2D) Communication systems, IoV communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems,
  • 4G 4th generation mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems
  • the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system such as the new air interface (new radio, NR) system
  • future communication systems such as the sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, etc.
  • the present application presents various aspects, embodiments or features in terms of a system that can include a number of devices, components, modules and the like. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed in connection with the figures. In addition, combinations of these schemes can also be used.
  • a subscript such as W1 may be a clerical error into a non-subscripted form such as W1.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system to which the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • the communication system includes a terminal device, a first access network device, a second access network device and a core network device.
  • the first access network device is connected to the second access network device, and the two can perform data transmission
  • the first access network device can provide wireless access services for the terminal device
  • the second access network device can also be a terminal
  • the device provides wireless access services
  • the core network device can establish a connection with the terminal device for data transmission, and can also connect with the first access network device or the second access network device for data transmission.
  • the first access network device and the second access network device respectively correspond to a coverage area
  • the terminal device enters the coverage area of the corresponding access network device and can receive wireless access services from the access network device.
  • the terminal device may send uplink data to the first access network device
  • the first access network device may send downlink data to the terminal device.
  • the first access network device may communicate with the second access network device, and the second access network device may or may not be an adjacent device of the first access network device. limit.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device moves out of the coverage area of the first access network device and enters the coverage area of the second access network device, the terminal device will reselect from the first access network device to the second access network device for data transmission .
  • the first access network device may be a previous serving device of the terminal device
  • the second access network device may be a target serving device of the terminal device after cell reselection.
  • the access network device is a base station
  • the first access network device may be the previous serving base station of the terminal device
  • the second access network device may be the target serving base station of the terminal device after cell reselection.
  • the anchor base station of the terminal device is converted from the previous serving base station to the target serving base station, and anchor relocation (with anchor relocation) occurs.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of performing SDT when the terminal equipment is in the RRC inactive state in the case of anchor relocation. Specifically include the following steps:
  • the terminal device sends an RRC recovery request message and uplink data to the second access network device.
  • the uplink data is SDT data
  • the terminal device can encapsulate the uplink data in an RRC resume request (RRC Resume Request) message and send it, or can multiplex the uplink data and the RRC resume request in one message and send it.
  • the RRC recovery request message carries an inactive-radio network temporary identifier (I-RNTI), and the I-RNTI is used to identify the terminal device in the RRC inactive state.
  • I-RNTI inactive-radio network temporary identifier
  • the second access network The device serves as the target serving device after cell reselection of the terminal device.
  • the second access network device sends a terminal device context request message to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device may be the last serving device.
  • the terminal device context request (RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT REQUEST) message includes the above-mentioned I-RNTI, and the first access network device determines the AS context of the terminal device according to the I-RNTI, including packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) configuration information , SDAP configuration information, radio link control (radio link control, RLC) configuration information, AS security configuration information, etc.
  • the first access network device sends a terminal device context response message to the second access network device.
  • the terminal equipment context response (RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT RESPONSE) message includes the access stratum (access stratum, AS) context as in S202 above. That is, the second access network device acquires the context of the terminal device, anchor relocation occurs, and the current serving device of the terminal device is updated from the first access network device to the second access network device.
  • AS access stratum
  • the second access network device sends a path switching request message to the first core network device.
  • the path switching request (PATH SWITCH REQUEST) message is used to switch the connection between the first access network device and the first core network device to the connection between the second access network device and the first core network device.
  • the first core network device may be an AMF network element.
  • the first core network device sends a path switching request response message to the second access network device.
  • the path switch request response (PATH SWITCH REQUEST RESPONSE) message is used to indicate that the path switch is completed.
  • the second access network device sends uplink data to the second core network device.
  • the second core network device may be a UPF network element, and is used to complete user plane data interaction.
  • the second access network device receives downlink data from the second core network device.
  • the data exchange between the terminal device and the second core network device is performed by the second access network device.
  • the second access network device sends an RRC release message and downlink data to the terminal device.
  • the downlink data may also be SDT data, and the RRC Release (RRC Release) message is used to terminate the SDT process.
  • RRC Release RRC Release
  • the access network device is a base station
  • the first access network device may be a previous serving base station of the terminal device
  • the second access network device may be a target serving base station of the terminal device after cell reselection.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow chart of performing SDT when the terminal equipment is in the RRC inactive state in the case of no anchor relocation. Specifically include the following steps:
  • the terminal device sends an RRC recovery request message and uplink data to the second access network device. Refer to the above step S201 for details.
  • the second access network device sends a terminal device context request message to the first access network device. Refer to the above step S202 for details.
  • the first access network device sends a terminal device context request failure message to the second access network device.
  • the terminal device context request failure (RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT REQUEST Failure) message indicates that anchor relocation has not occurred, and the context of the terminal device is still stored in the first access network device.
  • the second access network device sends uplink data to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device sends uplink data to the second core network device.
  • the second core network device sends downlink data to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device then sends downlink data to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device sends an RRC release message and downlink data to the terminal device.
  • Steps S304-S308 represent that the data interaction between the terminal device and the core network device is still performed by the first access network device, and the second access network device is used for data forwarding.
  • the RRC release message is used to terminate the SDT process.
  • the terminal device performs the SDT process in the RRC inactive state without converting from the RRC inactive state to the RRC connected state, which saves the command interaction process and improves the data transmission efficiency.
  • the terminal device can judge whether the SDT is successful. When the SDT fails, the terminal device enters the RRC idle state from the RRC inactive state, and releases the context of the terminal device.
  • the above-mentioned terminal device is a terminal that accesses the above-mentioned communication system and has a wireless transceiver function, or a chip or a chip system that can be installed in the terminal.
  • the terminal equipment may also be called a user device, an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal Equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation safety ( Wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, vehicle-mounted terminals, RSUs with terminal functions, etc.
  • the terminal device of the present application can also be a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit built into the vehicle as one or more components or units.
  • the on-board component, on-board chip, or on-board unit can implement the communication method provided in this application.
  • the above-mentioned first access network device and second access network device may be collectively referred to as a network device, and a network device is a device located on the network side of the above-mentioned communication system and having a wireless transceiver function or a chip or a chip system that can be provided in the device.
  • the network equipment includes but is not limited to: access point (access point, AP) in wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) system, such as home gateway, router, server, switch, bridge, etc., evolved node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home Base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP) etc., can also be 5G, such as gNB in the new air interface (new radio, NR) system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group (including multiple antenna panels) antennas of the base station in the 5G system
  • the panel or, may also be a network node
  • the first access network device and/or the second access network device may have a CU-DU separation architecture. That is to say, the first access network device and/or the second access network device may include one CU and one or more DUs.
  • the CU is mainly responsible for centralized wireless resource and connection management control, and has wireless high-level protocol stack functions, such as PDCP layer functions and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (Service Data Adaptation Protocol, SDAP) layer functions.
  • DU has a distributed user plane processing function, and mainly has physical layer functions and layer 2 functions with high real-time requirements. For example, DU has physical layer (physical layer, PHY) functions, media access control (media access control, MAC) layer functions and radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer functions, etc.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a CU-DU separation architecture of the first access network device.
  • the first access network device includes a CU and a DU.
  • the DU can be connected with the terminal equipment
  • the CU can be connected with the second access network equipment
  • the CU can also be connected with the core network equipment.
  • the first access network device may include multiple DUs, and the multiple DUs are all connected to the CU.
  • the number of CUs and DUs can be determined according to specific needs, and the CU and DUs can be deployed on the same
  • the device may also be deployed in different devices, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the above-mentioned core network device may be an AMF network element, which is mainly responsible for mobility management in the wireless network, such as user location update, user registration network, and cell handover.
  • the core network device may also be a user plane function (UPF) network element, which is mainly responsible for forwarding and receiving user data.
  • AMF user plane function
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the communication between the terminal device, the first access network, the second access network device and the core network device shown in Figure 1.
  • the following method embodiments are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is only a simplified schematic diagram for easy understanding, and the communication system may also include other network devices and/or other terminal devices, which are not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method for releasing the context of the terminal device on the network side.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 5-10 .
  • first or second are only used to distinguish the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or Suggested order.
  • the "first access network equipment” and other network equipment with different numbers in this application are only used for contextual convenience, and the different sequence numbers themselves have no specific technical meaning.
  • the first access network equipment, The second access network device and the like can be understood as one or any one of a series of network devices. It can be understood that, during specific implementation, network devices with different numbers may also be network devices of the same type, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first access network device, the second access network device, the distribution unit or the centralized unit may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiment of the present application, these steps are only examples, and the present application Embodiments may also perform other steps or variations of various steps.
  • each step may be performed in a different order presented in the embodiment of the present application, and it may not be necessary to perform all the steps in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a first schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method is applicable to the communication between the terminal device, the first access network, the second access network device and the core network device shown in FIG. 1 . As shown in Figure 5, the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the first access network device acquires SDT failure information.
  • the SDT failure information includes that the duration of the SDT process between the terminal device and the network device is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold, and/or the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission Passing times threshold.
  • the SDT failure information is used to indicate that the SDT of the terminal device fails.
  • the first SDT duration threshold may be the maximum duration required for an SDT process, and when the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold, it means that the SDT process is not completed within the set time.
  • the first access network device may acquire the SDT failure information by itself.
  • the first access network device may include a distribution unit and a concentration unit
  • the distribution unit may be a DU as shown in FIG. 4
  • the concentration unit may be a CU as shown in FIG. 4
  • the DU is mainly responsible for the functional processing of the RLC layer, the MAC layer and the PHY layer
  • the CU is mainly responsible for the functional processing of the PDCP layer and the SDAP layer.
  • the division of the functions of the DU and the CU can be set as required, and is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first access network device obtains the SDT failure information through the distribution unit.
  • the distribution unit For a specific implementation process, refer to the communication method shown in FIG. 6 below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first access network device obtains the SDT failure information through the centralized unit.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 7 below refer to the communication method shown in FIG. 7 below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first access network device may obtain the SDT failure information from the second access network device.
  • the second access network device may be an adjacent device of the first access network device.
  • the SDT failure information obtained by the second access network device can be obtained by itself or from the terminal device.
  • the specific implementation process can refer to the communication methods shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 below, and will not be repeated here. .
  • the first access network device releases the AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the first access network device obtains the SDT failure information, determines that an SDT failure has occurred, and releases the AS context of the terminal device in time.
  • the AS context of the terminal device may include at least one of the following: configuring authorized small data transmission (configured grant-small data transmission, CG-SDT) configuration information, configuring scheduling-radio network temporary identifier (configured scheduling-radio network temporary identifier, CS -RNTI) information, UE specific search space (UE specific search space, USS) information, RLC configuration information, PDCP configuration information, SDAP configuration information, AS security configuration information.
  • the first access network device sends a first request message to the core network device.
  • the first request message includes SDT failure information, and is used to notify the core network device that the SDT fails, so that the core network device releases the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the core network device may be an AMF network element, and the NAS context of the terminal device is stored in the AMF network element.
  • the core network device releases the non-access stratum (non-access stratum, NAS) context of the terminal device according to the first request message.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • the NAS context of the terminal device may include NAS configuration and security information, such as NAS security key.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 5 further includes: the core network device sends an acknowledgment message to the first access network device.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the 5G system is taken as an example below, and the specific implementation method of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application in the 5G system is described in detail in combination with the SDT process.
  • FIG. 6 is a second schematic flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and specifically implement the communication method shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the terminal device sends a second request message to the distribution unit.
  • the first access network device adopts a CU-DU separation architecture as shown in FIG. 4 , including a distributed unit and a centralized unit, that is, the distributed unit is a DU, and the centralized unit is a CU.
  • the terminal device is in the RRC inactive state, performs the SDT process, and starts SDT failure monitoring. If the terminal device detects that the SDT fails, the terminal device will release the context and enter the RRC idle state.
  • the second request message is used to request to resume the RRC connection, and the second request message may include an RRC resume request (RRC Resume Request) as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 .
  • the terminal device may also send uplink data to the distribution unit, where the uplink data may be SDT data.
  • the terminal device may multiplex the uplink SDT data and the second request message into one message, or encapsulate the uplink SDT data in the second request message.
  • the second request message may include SDT data.
  • the second request message may also include an identifier of the terminal device, such as the I-RNTI in the above step S201.
  • the second request message is sent to the distribution unit after being processed by the RLC layer, the MAC layer and the PHY layer.
  • the terminal device may send the second request message based on the pre-configured CG-SDT resources, and may also send the second request message through a random access process, such as message 3 accompanying or included in the four-step random access process, or, Accompanying or included in message A in the two-step random access procedure.
  • a random access process such as message 3 accompanying or included in the four-step random access process, or, Accompanying or included in message A in the two-step random access procedure.
  • the distribution unit sends an initial uplink RRC message to the centralized unit.
  • the initial uplink RRC message includes the RRC recovery request in the second request message.
  • the centralized unit After receiving the initial uplink RRC message, the centralized unit will send a data forwarding tunnel to the distributed unit, and the data forwarding tunnel is used for the distributed unit to send uplink SDT data to the centralized unit.
  • the initial uplink RRC message and SDT data sent by the distribution unit to the central unit are processed by the PHY layer, MAC layer and RLC of the distribution unit.
  • the data sent by the data forwarding tunnel may be the above-mentioned uplink SDT data, or subsequent uplink SDT data sent by the terminal device. That is to say, the sending of subsequent uplink SDT data does not require the distribution unit to send the initial uplink RRC message to the centralized unit.
  • the distribution unit starts SDT failure monitoring according to the second request message, and acquires SDT failure information.
  • an SDT failure monitoring mechanism is set in the distribution unit.
  • the distribution unit may start SDT failure monitoring according to the RRC recovery request in the second request message.
  • the distribution unit may monitor whether the duration of the SDT process exceeds the first SDT duration threshold. Whether the duration of the SDT process exceeds the first SDT duration threshold can be judged by setting a timer in the distribution unit. The duration of the timer is the first SDT duration threshold. After the distribution unit receives the RRC recovery request of the terminal device, A timer is started, and when the timer expires, it can be determined that the SDT fails. Thus, the SDT failure information acquired by the distribution unit is that the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold.
  • the first SDT duration threshold may be the maximum duration required for an SDT process.
  • the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold, it means that the SDT process is not completed within the set time, and the SDT data transmission has question. For example, if the distribution unit fails to receive the SDT data sent by the terminal device or fails to send the RRC release message within the set time, it determines that an SDT failure occurs.
  • the distribution unit may determine whether the number of RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the maximum number of RLC retransmissions, that is, whether the SDT data reaches the threshold of the number of RLC retransmissions of the first SDT data.
  • the SDT failure information obtained by the distribution unit is that the number of RLC retransmission times of the SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold.
  • the SDT data may be uplink data, such as the above-mentioned uplink SDT data and subsequent uplink SDT data. That is to say, the retransmission request sent by the distribution unit to the terminal device for uplink SDT data reaches the set maximum number of RLC retransmissions, and the distribution unit still fails to receive the SDT data, so it is determined that an SDT failure has occurred. For example, if the first SDT data RLC retransmission threshold is set to 8 times, when the retransmission request of the uplink SDT data sent by the distribution unit to the terminal device reaches 8 times, and the distribution unit still fails to receive the SDT data, it is confirmed that the SDT has occurred fail.
  • the SDT data may also be downlink data. That is to say, when the number of RLC retransmissions of the downlink SDT data sent by the distribution unit to the terminal device reaches the set maximum number of RLC retransmissions, the distribution unit has not yet received the confirmation of the successful reception of the SDT data, and it is determined that an SDT failure has occurred.
  • the threshold for the number of RLC retransmissions of the first SDT data is set to 8 times. When the number of RLC retransmissions sent by the distribution unit to the downlink SDT data reaches 8 times, and the terminal device has not yet received a response that the terminal device has successfully received the SDT data, it is confirmed that the SDT has occurred fail.
  • the distribution unit can also simultaneously monitor the duration of the SDT process and the number of RLC retransmissions to determine SDT failure.
  • the combination of the two can avoid misjudgment of SDT failure and improve reliability.
  • the SDT duration threshold may be the same as that set by the first SDT duration threshold, or may be different from the first SDT duration threshold, which is set according to specific circumstances and is not limited in this application.
  • the SDT failure information may also include an identifier of the terminal device (for example, I-RNTI) and a cell identifier of the first access network device, where the cell identifier is the identifier of the cell receiving the RRC recovery request.
  • I-RNTI an identifier of the terminal device
  • cell identifier is the identifier of the cell receiving the RRC recovery request.
  • the distribution unit releases the first AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the first AS context is a part of the AS context of the terminal device saved by the first access network device, and the AS context also includes the second AS context saved in the centralized unit described below.
  • the first AS context may include CG-SDT configuration information, RLC configuration information, CS-RNTI information, USS information, and the like.
  • the distribution unit releases the first AS context in time based on the SDT failure information to avoid waste of resources.
  • the distribution unit sends a third request message to the centralization unit.
  • the third request message includes the SDT failure information acquired by the distribution unit, and is used to request the centralization unit to release the saved second AS context of the terminal device.
  • the centralizing unit releases the second AS context of the terminal device according to the third request message.
  • the centralized unit determines to release the second AS context of the terminal device according to the third request message, and the second AS context may include PDCP configuration information, SDAP configuration information, AS security configuration information, and the like.
  • the centralized unit sends a first request message to the core network device.
  • the core network device may be an AMF network element, and the first request message includes SDT failure information, and is used to request the core network device to release the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the core network device releases the NAS context of the terminal device according to the first request message.
  • step S504 For details, refer to the above step S504, which will not be repeated here.
  • the core network device may also send a confirmation message to the centralized unit.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device obtains the SDT failure information according to the distribution unit, and completes the interactive process of releasing the context of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device may also complete the release of the terminal device context based on the centralized unit acquiring the SDT failure information.
  • FIG. 7 is a third schematic flow chart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and specifically implement the communication method shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the terminal device sends a second request message to the distribution unit.
  • the distribution unit sends an initial uplink RRC message to the centralized unit.
  • the centralized unit starts SDT failure monitoring according to the second request message, and acquires SDT failure information.
  • an SDT failure monitoring mechanism is set in the centralized unit.
  • the central unit may start SDT failure monitoring according to the RRC recovery request in the second request message.
  • the centralized unit monitors whether the duration of the SDT process exceeds a first SDT duration threshold. Whether the duration of the SDT process exceeds the first SDT duration threshold can be judged by setting a timer in the centralized unit. The duration of the timer is the first SDT duration threshold. After the centralized unit receives the RRC recovery request of the terminal device, A timer is started, and when the timer expires, it can be determined that the SDT fails. Thus, the SDT failure information obtained by the centralized unit is that the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold.
  • the first SDT duration threshold may be the maximum duration required for an SDT process.
  • the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold, it means that the SDT process is not completed within the set time, and the SDT data transmission has question. For example, if the centralized unit fails to receive the SDT data sent by the terminal device or fails to send the RRC release message within the set time, it determines that an SDT failure occurs.
  • the distributed unit is mainly responsible for the functional processing of the MAC layer and the PHY layer
  • the centralized unit is mainly responsible for the RLC layer, PDCP layer and SDAP layer. function processing.
  • the centralized unit can still monitor the SDT failure by judging whether the number of RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the maximum number of RLC retransmissions. Refer to the above step S603 for the specific process, which will not be repeated here.
  • the centralized unit releases the second AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the centralized unit sends a fourth request message to the distributed unit.
  • the fourth request message includes SDT failure information, and is used to request the distribution unit to release the first AS context of the terminal device.
  • the distribution unit releases the first AS context of the terminal device according to the fourth request message.
  • the centralized unit sends a first request message to the core network device.
  • the first request message may also be sent by the distribution unit to the core network device.
  • the core network device releases the NAS context of the terminal device according to the first request message.
  • steps S704-S708 refer to the above-mentioned S501-S504 and/or S604-S608.
  • the core network device may also send a confirmation message to the centralized unit.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show how the network side performs SDT failure monitoring and releases the context of the terminal device when the terminal device is under the coverage area of an access network device (the first access network device).
  • the context release of the terminal device of the first access network device in this embodiment of the present application may also be based on the scenario shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and specifically implement the communication method shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the terminal device sends a second request message to the second access network device.
  • the second access network device sends a terminal device context request message to the first access network device.
  • step S802 For the specific process of step S802, reference may be made to the above step S202.
  • the first access network device sends a terminal device context request failure message to the second access network device.
  • the terminal device context request failure message (RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT REQUEST Failure) carries the indication information of whether there is anchor relocation, and also carries the context of some terminal devices, such as RLC configuration information, for the temporary use of the second access network device , SDT data transmission with terminal equipment. It can be understood that the AS context of the terminal device is still stored in the first access network device.
  • the second access network device starts SDT failure monitoring according to the second request message, and acquires SDT failure information.
  • the second access network device is provided with an SDT failure monitoring mechanism.
  • the second access network device may start SDT failure monitoring according to the RRC recovery request in the second request message.
  • the second access network device may monitor whether the duration of the SDT process times out, that is, whether it exceeds the first SDT duration threshold. Whether the duration of the SDT process exceeds the first SDT duration threshold can be judged by setting a timer in the second access network device. The duration of the timer is the first SDT duration threshold. The second access network device receives After the RRC recovery request of the terminal equipment, a timer is started, and when the timer expires, it can be determined that the SDT fails. Therefore, the SDT failure information acquired by the second access network device is that the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold.
  • the first SDT duration threshold may be the maximum duration required to complete an SDT process.
  • the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold, it means that the SDT process is not completed within the set time, and the SDT data transmission has a problem.
  • the second access network device fails to receive the SDT data sent by the terminal device or fails to send the RRC release message within the set time, it determines that an SDT failure occurs.
  • the second access network device may determine whether the number of RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the maximum number of RLC retransmissions, that is, whether the SDT data reaches the threshold of the number of RLC retransmissions of the first SDT data.
  • the SDT failure information obtained by the second access network device is that the number of times of radio link control RLC retransmission of SDT data reaches the threshold of the number of times of RLC retransmission of the first SDT data.
  • the SDT data may be uplink data, such as the above-mentioned uplink SDT data and subsequent uplink SDT data. That is to say, the retransmission request sent by the second access network device to the terminal device for uplink SDT data reaches the set maximum number of RLC retransmissions, and the second access network device still fails to receive the SDT data, confirming that SDT failure has occurred. For example, if the first SDT data RLC retransmission threshold is set to 8 times, when the retransmission request of the uplink SDT data sent by the second access network device to the terminal device reaches 8 times, the second access network device still fails to receive the retransmission request. SDT data, it indicates that an SDT failure has occurred.
  • the SDT data may also be downlink data. That is to say, when the number of RLC retransmissions of downlink SDT data sent by the second access network device to the terminal device reaches the set maximum number of RLC retransmissions, the second access network device has not yet received the confirmation that the SDT data has been successfully received, and the confirmation An SDT failure has occurred.
  • the threshold of the number of RLC retransmissions of the first SDT data is set to 8 times, when the number of RLC retransmissions of the downlink SDT data sent by the second access network device reaches 8 times, and the terminal device has not received a response that the SDT data is successfully received, then Confirm that an SDT failure has occurred.
  • the second access network device can also simultaneously monitor the duration of the SDT process and the number of RLC retransmissions to determine the SDT failure.
  • the combination of the two can avoid misjudgment of the SDT failure and improve reliability.
  • the SDT duration threshold may be the same as that set by the first SDT duration threshold, or may be different from the first SDT duration threshold, which is set according to specific circumstances and is not limited in this application.
  • the second access network device may also obtain the SDT failure information based on the CU-DU separation architecture.
  • the specific process may refer to the above steps S603 and S703, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second access network device sends SDT failure information to the first access network device.
  • the second access network device may send the SDT failure information to the first access network device through the Xn interface.
  • the first access network device releases the AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the first access network device sends a first request message to the core network device.
  • the second access network when the second access network device is connected to the core network device, the second access network may also directly send the first request message to the core network device.
  • the core network device releases the NAS context of the terminal device according to the first request message.
  • steps S806-S808 For the specific process of steps S806-S808, reference may be made to the above-mentioned steps S502-S504, which will not be repeated here.
  • the core network device may also send a confirmation message to the first access network device.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the first access network device may also acquire the SDT failure information from the terminal device.
  • FIG. 9 is a fifth schematic flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method specifically includes:
  • the terminal device initiates an SDT process to the first access network device.
  • the SDT process may refer to the process in which the terminal device sends the RRC recovery request and uplink SDT data or the second request message to communicate with the first access network device shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal device starts SDT failure monitoring, and acquires SDT failure information.
  • the terminal device starts to perform SDT data transmission with the first access network device, and then starts SDT failure monitoring. For example, based on the set timing mechanism, the terminal device monitors whether the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold, or whether the number of RLC retransmissions of SDT data reaches the threshold of the first SDT data RLC retransmission times, or whether the SDT process Whether cell reselection occurs during the random access process, or whether the number of retransmission times of the random access preamble in the random access process reaches the first threshold of the number of retransmission times of the first random access preamble.
  • the terminal device determines that the SDT has failed, and the obtained SDT failure information may include: the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold (SDT process timeout), the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of SDT data reaches the first SDT Data RLC retransmission times threshold (the maximum number of RLC retransmissions of SDT data), the difference between the signal quality received by the terminal device from the third access network device and the signal quality received by the terminal device from the first access network device (occurrence Cell reselection), greater than or equal to the first cell reselection threshold, the number of random access preamble retransmissions reaches the first random access preamble retransmission threshold (the number of random access preamble retransmissions reaches the maximum number of retransmissions) .
  • the SDT failure information may also include the cell identifier of the first access network device and the identifier of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device sends SDT failure information to the third access network device.
  • the third access network device may be the second access network device in FIGS. 1-3 and 8 above. That is to say, the third access network device may be the access network device after cell reselection of the terminal device, or may not be the access network device after cell reselection of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device establishes an RRC connection with the third access network device, switches from the RRC idle state to the RRC connected state, and then sends SDT failure information to the first access network device, and the SDT failure information may be sent in the form of a report.
  • the third access network device may also be other access network devices adjacent to the first access network device.
  • the third access network device sends SDT failure information to the first access network device.
  • the first access network device releases the AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the first access network device sends a first request message to the core network device.
  • the core network device releases the NAS context of the terminal device according to the first request message.
  • steps S905-S907 For the specific process of steps S905-S907, refer to the above-mentioned steps S501-S504, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first access network device can judge that the SDT data transmission with the terminal device fails by obtaining the SDT failure information, and release the data in time according to the SDT failure information.
  • the AS context of the terminal device and notify the core network device to release the NAS context of the terminal device in time, so that the terminal device, the first access network device and the core network device release the context of the terminal device based on the same rules, so that the terminal device's context recorded by the three
  • the state is consistent, which can prevent the network side device from maintaining unnecessary context of the terminal device, causing resource occupation, thereby saving resources and improving resource utilization.
  • the embodiment of the present application may also optimize the SDT configuration information of the first access network device.
  • FIG. 10 is a sixth schematic flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the terminal device initiates an SDT process to the first access network device.
  • the terminal device starts SDT failure monitoring, and acquires SDT failure information.
  • the terminal device sends SDT failure information to the third access network device.
  • the third access network device sends SDT failure information to the first access network device.
  • steps S1001-S1004 For the specific process of steps S1001-S1004, refer to the above-mentioned steps S901-S904.
  • the first access network device determines SDT configuration information according to the SDT failure information.
  • the first access network device optimizes original SDT configuration information according to the SDT failure information.
  • the original SDT configuration information may include: the first SDT duration threshold, the first SDT data RLC retransmission threshold, the first cell reselection threshold, or the first random access preamble retransmission threshold.
  • the optimized SDT configuration information may include: a second SDT duration threshold, a second RLC retransmission threshold, a second cell reselection threshold, and a second random access preamble retransmission threshold.
  • the second SDT duration threshold is greater than the first SDT duration threshold
  • the second SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold is greater than the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold
  • the second cell reselection threshold is greater than the first cell reselection threshold
  • the second The threshold for the number of retransmission times of the random access preamble is greater than the threshold for the number of times of retransmission of the first random access preamble.
  • the first access network device can optimize the SDT configuration information based on the interactive SDT failure information, so that the set threshold becomes larger, thereby preventing other terminal devices from communicating with the first access network device too long. Early entry into the RRC idle state will result in the loss of SDT data packets and improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above with reference to FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 .
  • the communication device for performing the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 11 to FIG. 16 .
  • FIG. 11 is a first schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1100 includes: a processing module 1101 and a sending module 1102 .
  • FIG. 11 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication apparatus 1100 is applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and performs the function of the first access network device in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 5-9 .
  • the processing module 1101 is configured to acquire SDT failure information of small data transmission.
  • the processing module 1101 is further configured to release the AS context of the terminal device's access layer according to the SDT failure information.
  • a sending module 1102 configured to send a first request message to a core network device.
  • the first request message includes SDT failure information, and the first request message is used to request the core network device to release the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the processing module 1101 is specifically configured to perform the following steps:
  • the processing module 1101 is specifically configured to perform the following steps: receiving SDT failure information from the second access network device.
  • the processing module 1101 includes a distribution unit and a concentration unit; the AS context includes a first AS context and a second AS context.
  • the distribution unit is configured to release the first AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information
  • the distribution unit is further configured to send a third request message to the central unit; wherein, the third request message includes SDT failure information, and the third request message is used to request the central unit to release the second AS context of the terminal device.
  • the processing module 1101 includes a distribution unit and a concentration unit; the AS context includes a first AS context and a second AS context.
  • the centralized unit is configured to release the second AS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the centralized unit is further configured to send a fourth request message to the distributed unit.
  • the fourth request message includes SDT failure information, and the fourth request message is used to request the distribution unit to release the first AS context of the terminal device.
  • the centralized unit is further configured to send the first request message to the core network device.
  • the SDT failure information includes one or more of the following: the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold; or, the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold.
  • the communication device 1100 further includes: a receiving module 1103 .
  • the receiving module 1103 is configured to receive a confirmation message from a core network device.
  • the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 11 ).
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device 1100 .
  • the communication device 1100 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 11 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or the instruction
  • the communication apparatus 1100 can execute the function of the first access network device in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 5-9 .
  • the communication device 1100 may be an access network device, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be installed in the access network device, or a device that includes the access network device. This application There is no limit to this.
  • the technical effect of the communication device 1100 may refer to the technical effect of the communication method shown in FIG. 5 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 12 is a second schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1200 includes: a processing module 1201 and a sending module 1202 .
  • FIG. 12 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication apparatus 1200 may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and perform the function of the second access network device in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 8-9 .
  • the processing module 1201 is configured to obtain the SDT failure information of the small data transmission.
  • the processing module 1201 is specifically configured to: receive SDT failure information from the terminal device.
  • the communication device 1200 may further include a receiving module 1203 .
  • the receiving module 1203 is used to realize the receiving function of the communication device 1200 .
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 12 ).
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device 1200 .
  • the communication device 1200 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 12 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or the instruction, the communication device is enabled to perform the function of the second access network device in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 8-9 .
  • the communication device 1200 may be an access network device, a chip (system) or other components or components that may be installed in the access network device, or a device that includes the access network device. This application There is no limit to this.
  • FIG. 13 is a third schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1300 includes: a sending module 1301 .
  • FIG. 13 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication device 1300 is applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and performs the function of the terminal device in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 6-10 .
  • the sending module 1301 is configured to send small data transmission SDT failure information to the second access network device.
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a receiving module 1302 .
  • the receiving module is used to realize the receiving function of the communication device 1300 .
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 13 ).
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device 1300 .
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a processing module 1303 .
  • the processing module is used to realize the processing function of the communication device 1300 .
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 13 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or the instruction
  • the communication device can execute the function of the terminal device in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 6-10 .
  • the communication device 1300 may be a terminal device, a chip (system) or other components or components that may be installed in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device, which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 14 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1400 includes: a receiving module 1401 and a processing module 1402 .
  • FIG. 14 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication apparatus 1400 may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and perform functions of core network equipment in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 5-9 .
  • the receiving module 1401 is configured to receive the first request message from the first access network device.
  • the first request message is used to request the core network device to release the non-access stratum NAS context of the terminal device, and the first request message includes small data transmission SDT failure information.
  • the processing module 1402 is configured to release the NAS context of the terminal device according to the SDT failure information.
  • the communication device 1400 further includes: a sending module 1403 .
  • the sending module is configured to send a confirmation message to the first access network device; the confirmation message is used to indicate that the core network device has completed releasing the NAS context of the terminal device.
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 14 ).
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device 1400 .
  • the communication device 1400 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 14 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or the instruction
  • the communication device can execute the functions of the core network equipment in any of the communication methods described in FIGS. 5-9 .
  • the communication device 1400 may be a core network device, such as an access and mobility management function (AMF), or may be a chip (system) or other components that can be set in the core network device or a component, and may also be a device including core network equipment, which is not limited in this application.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • system chip or other components that can be set in the core network device or a component
  • core network equipment which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 15 is a fifth schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1500 includes: a processing module 1501 .
  • FIG. 15 shows only the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication device 1500 is applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and performs the function of the first access network device in any of the communication methods shown in FIGS. 5-10 .
  • the processing module 1501 is configured to obtain the SDT failure information of the small data transmission.
  • the processing module 1501 is further configured to determine SDT configuration information according to the SDT failure information.
  • the SDT configuration information includes one or more of the following: a second SDT duration threshold, a second RLC retransmission threshold, a second cell reselection threshold, or a second random access preamble retransmission threshold.
  • the second SDT duration threshold is greater than the first SDT duration threshold
  • the second SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold is greater than the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold
  • the second cell reselection threshold is greater than the first cell reselection threshold
  • the second The threshold for the number of retransmission times of the random access preamble is greater than the threshold for the number of times of retransmission of the first random access preamble.
  • the first SDT duration threshold, the first SDT data RLC retransmission threshold, the first cell reselection threshold, or the first random access preamble retransmission threshold are used to determine the SDT failure information.
  • the processing module 1501 is specifically configured to: receive SDT failure information from the third access network device.
  • the SDT failure information includes one or more of the following: the duration of the SDT process is greater than or equal to the first SDT duration threshold; or, the number of radio link control RLC retransmissions of the SDT data reaches the first SDT data RLC retransmission times threshold; or, the difference between the signal quality received by the terminal device from the third access network device and the signal quality received by the terminal device from the first access network device is greater than or equal to the first cell reselection threshold; or, random access The number of preamble retransmission times reaches the first random access preamble retransmission times threshold; or, the identifier of the first access network device; or, the identifier of the terminal device.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a receiving module 1502 .
  • the receiving module 1502 is used to realize the receiving function of the communication device 1500 .
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a sending module 1503 .
  • the sending module 1503 is used to realize the sending function of the communication device 1500 .
  • the sending module and the receiving module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 15 ).
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device 1500 .
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 15 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or the instruction
  • the communication device can execute the function of the first access network device in the communication method shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the communication device 1500 may be an access network device, a chip (system) or other components or components that may be installed in the access network device, or a device that includes the access network device. This application There is no limit to this.
  • FIG. 16 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device or a network device, or may be a chip (system) or other components or components that may be provided in the terminal device, access network device, or core network device.
  • a communication device 1600 may include a processor 1601 .
  • the communication device 1600 may further include a memory 1602 and/or a transceiver 1603 .
  • the processor 1601 is coupled with the memory 1602 and the transceiver 1603, such as may be connected through a communication bus.
  • the components of the communication device 1600 are specifically introduced below in conjunction with FIG. 16 :
  • the processor 1601 is the control center of the communication device 1600, and may be one processor, or may be a general term for multiple processing elements.
  • the processor 1601 is one or more central processing units (central processing unit, CPU), may also be a specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), or is configured to implement one or more An integrated circuit, for example: one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate array, FPGA).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • An integrated circuit for example: one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate array, FPGA).
  • the processor 1601 can execute various functions of the communication device 1600 by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 1602 and calling data stored in the memory 1602 .
  • the processor 1601 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG. 16 .
  • the communication device 1600 may also include multiple processors, for example, the processor 1601 and the processor 1604 shown in FIG. 16 .
  • processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU).
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • the memory 1602 is used to store a software program for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1601 .
  • the processor 1601 controls the execution of the solution of the present application.
  • the memory 1602 may be a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, or a random access memory (random access memory, RAM) that can store information and
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • Other types of dynamic storage devices for instructions can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical discs storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to.
  • the memory 1602 may be integrated with the processor 1601 or exist independently, and be coupled with the processor 1601 through an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 16 ) of the communication device 1600, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application
  • Transceiver 1603 used for communication with other communication devices.
  • the communication apparatus 1600 is a terminal device, and the transceiver 1603 may be used to communicate with an access network device, or communicate with another terminal device.
  • the communication apparatus 1600 is an access network device, and the transceiver 1603 may be used to communicate with a terminal device, or communicate with another access network device.
  • the transceiver 1603 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not separately shown in FIG. 16 ). Wherein, the receiver is used to realize the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to realize the sending function.
  • the transceiver 1603 may be integrated with the processor 1601, or may exist independently, and be coupled to the processor 1601 through an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 16 ) of the communication device 1600, which is not made in this embodiment of the present application. Specific limits.
  • the structure of the communication device 1600 shown in FIG. 16 does not constitute a limitation to the communication device, and an actual communication device may include more or less components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or Different component arrangements.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system includes the above-mentioned one or more terminal devices, one or more access network devices, and one or more core network devices.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including: computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium; when the computer instructions are run on a computer, the computer is made to execute any one of Figures 5-10. communication method shown.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, including computer programs or instructions, when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is made to execute the communication method as shown in any one of Figures 5-10 .
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP), dedicated integrated Circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory Access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • serial link DRAM SLDRAM
  • direct memory bus random access memory direct rambus RAM, DR RAM
  • the above-mentioned embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or other arbitrary combinations.
  • the above-described embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of computer program products.
  • the computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instruction or computer program is loaded or executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application will be generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more sets of available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media.
  • the semiconductor medium may be a solid state drive.
  • At least one means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more.
  • At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • at least one item (piece) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .
  • sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信领域，能够解决当发生SDT失败时，网络设备无法及时释放终端设备的上下文造成资源利用率低下的问题，提高了资源利用率。该方法包括：获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文。向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。其中，第一请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文。

Description

通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年12月28日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202111628719.6、申请名称为“通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
在第五代(the 5th generation，5G)通信系统中，终端设备存在三种无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)状态，分别为RRC连接(RRC_CONNECTED)态、RRC空闲(RRC_IDLE)态和RRC非激活(RRC_INACTIVE)态。当终端设备有数据传输时，无论数据的大小，处于RRC非激活态的终端设备需转换为RRC连接态，也就是与网络设备之间恢复RRC连接，才可以完成数据传输。然而，对于一些小数据业务传输，终端设备也需要执行完整的RRC恢复流程进入RRC连接态后，才能进行数据传输，信令交互次数较多，由此带来的信令开销增加，且使得数据传输时延较大，占用大量资源，也会导致终端设备的能耗居高不下。
由此，目前终端设备处于RRC非激活态时，可以通过小数据传输(small data transmission，SDT)机制完成小数据业务的传输，例如，使用预配置的上行资源来发送小数据。在此状态下，终端设备无需从RRC非激活态转换为RRC连接态，即可完成数据传输。
目前，当发生SDT失败时，网络设备并不知道终端设备已经释放上下文，仍然保存着终端设备的上下文，从而造成资源浪费，导致资源利用率低下。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，能够解决现有技术中网络设备无法及时释放终端设备的上下文造成资源利用率低的问题。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法应用于第一接入网设备。该方法包括：获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文。向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。其中，第一请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文。
基于第一方面所述的通信方法，第一接入网设备可以通过获取SDT失败信息，来判断与终端设备之间的SDT数据传输失败，从而可以在不知道终端设备已完成上下文释放的情况下，根据SDT失败信息及时释放终端设备的AS上下文，并及时通知核心网设备释放终端设备的NAS上下文，使得终端设备、第一接入网设备和核心网设备基于相同规则释放终端设备的上下文，进而三者记录的终端设备的状态一致，以达到节省资源，提高资源利用率的目的。
一种可能的设计方案中，获取小数据传输SDT失败信息，具体包括：接收来自终 端设备的第二请求消息。其中，第二请求消息用于请求恢复RRC连接。根据第二请求消息启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。如此，可以在第一接入网设备内设置SDT监测机制获取SDT失败信息，无需从终端设备获取SDT失败信息，减少了信令交互，从而能够及时监测到SDT失败，释放终端设备的上下文，进而提高资源利用率。
另一种可能的设计方案中，获取小数据传输SDT失败信息，具体包括：接收来自第二接入网设备的SDT失败信息。如此，第一接入网设备还可以从第二接入网设备获取SDT失败信息，第二接入网设备可以通过设置SDT失败监测机制或从终端设备获取SDT失败信息，便于第一接入网设备能够及时释放终端设备的上下文，避免资源占用。
一种可能的设计方案中，第一接入网设备包括分布单元和集中单元；AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文。根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文，具体包括：通过分布单元根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。通过分布单元向集中单元发送第三请求消息。其中，第三请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第三请求消息用于请求集中单元释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。如此，第一接入网设备可以基于分离架构，通过分布单元获取SDT失败信息，以及根据分布单元和集中单元之间的信息交互完成终端设备的AS上下文的释放。
另一种可能的设计方案中，第一接入网设备包括分布单元和集中单元；AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文。根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文，具体包括：通过集中单元根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。通过集中单元向分布单元发送第四请求消息。其中，第四请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第四请求消息用于请求分布单元释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。如此，第一接入网设备还可以通过集中单元获取SDT失败信息，进一步与分布单元交互信息，共同完成第一接入网设备终端设备的AS上下文的释放。
进一步地，向核心网设备发送第一请求消息，具体包括：通过集中单元向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
进一步地，SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。如此，第一接入网设备可以根据监测SDT时长和RLC重传次数判断SDT失败，从而及时交互SDT失败信息来完成终端设备的上下文释放，提高资源利用率。
可选地，第一方面所述的通信方法还包括：接收来自核心网设备的确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。如此，第一接入网设备可以根据确认消息，确认核心网设备释放完终端设备的NAS上下文，进一步确定终端设备进入空闲态。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法应用于第二接入网设备。该方法包括：获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
进一步地，获取小数据传输SDT失败信息，具体包括：接收来自终端设备的SDT失败信息。
第三方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法应用于终端设备。该方法包括：向第二接 入网设备发送小数据传输SDT失败信息。
此外，基于第二方面和第三方面所述的通信方法，第一接入网设备可以从第二接入网设备或从终端设备直接或间接获取SDT失败信息，从而基于SDT失败信息释放终端设备的上下文，提高资源利用率。
第四方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法应用于核心网设备。该方法包括：接收来自第一接入网设备的第一请求消息。其中，第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文，第一请求消息包括小数据传输SDT失败信息。根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的NAS上下文。
可选地，第四方面所述的通信方法还包括：向第一接入网设备发送确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
此外，第四方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，可以参考第一方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第五方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法应用于第一接入网设备。该方法包括：获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。根据SDT失败信息确定SDT配置信息。其中，SDT配置信息包括以下一项或多项：第二SDT时长阈值、第二RLC重传次数阈值、第二小区重选阈值、或者第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。其中，第二SDT时长阈值大于第一SDT时长阈值，第二SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值大于第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值，第二小区重选阈值大于第一小区重选阈值，第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值大于第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。第一SDT时长阈值、第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值、第一小区重选阈值、或者第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值用于确定SDT失败信息。
基于第五方面所述的通信方法，第一接入网设备可以基于交互的SDT失败信息优化SDT配置信息，使得设定的阈值变大，从而避免其他终端设备与第一接入网设备通信时过早进入RRC空闲态，导致数据丢失，提高数据传输的可靠性。
一种可能的设计方案中，获取小数据传输SDT失败信息，具体包括：接收来自第三接入网设备的SDT失败信息。如此，第一接入网设备的SDT失败信息，可以通过终端设备与第三接入网设备建立连接，终端设备上报给第三接入网设备，第三接入网设备将SDT失败信息发送给第一接入网设备，完成SDT配置优化。
进一步地，SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值；或者，终端设备从第三接入网设备接收的信号质量与终端设备从第一接入网设备接收的信号质量的差值，大于或等于第一小区重选阈值；或者，随机接入前导码重传次数达到第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值；或者，第一接入网设备的标识；或者，终端设备的标识。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置。该装置包括：处理模块和发送模块。其中，处理模块，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。处理模块，还用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文。发送模块，用于向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。其中，第一请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块，具体用于执行如下步骤：接收来自终端设备的第二请求消息。其中，第二请求消息用于请求恢复RRC连接。根据第二请求消息启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
另一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块，具体用于：接收来自第二接入网设备的SDT失败信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块包括分布单元和集中单元；AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文。其中，分布单元，用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。分布单元，还用于向集中单元发送第三请求消息。其中，第三请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第三请求消息用于请求集中单元释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。
另一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块包括分布单元和集中单元；AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文。其中，集中单元，用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。集中单元，还用于向分布单元发送第四请求消息。其中，第四请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第四请求消息用于请求分布单元释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。
一种可能的设计方案中，集中单元，还用于向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
进一步地，SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。
可选地，第六方面所述的通信装置还包括：接收模块。其中，接收模块，用于接收来自核心网设备的确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块。其中，收发模块用于实现第六方面所述的通信装置的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，第六方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行第一方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第六方面所述的通信装置可以是接入网设备，也可以是可设置于接入网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含接入网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置。该装置包括：处理模块和发送模块。处理模块，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。发送模块，用于向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块，具体用于：接收来自终端设备的SDT失败信息。
可选地，第七方面所述的通信装置还可以包括接收模块。其中，处理模块用于实现第七方面所述的通信装置的接收功能。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块。其中，收发模块用于实现第七方面所述的通信装置的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，第七方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行第二方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第七方面所述的通信装置可以是接入网设备，也可以是可设置于接入网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含接入网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置。该装置包括：发送模块。其中，发送模块，用于向第二接入网设备发送小数据传输SDT失败信息。
可选地，第八方面所述的通信装置还可以包括接收模块。其中，接收模块用于实现第八方面所述的通信装置的接收功能。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块。其中，收发模块用于实现第八方面所述的通信装置的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，第八方面所述的通信装置还可以包括处理模块。其中，处理模块用于实现第八方面所述的通信装置的处理功能。
可选地，第八方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行第三方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第八方面所述的通信装置可以是终端设备，也可以是可设置于终端设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含终端设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
第九方面，提供一种通信装置。该装置包括：接收模块和处理模块。其中，接收模块，用于接收来自第一接入网设备的第一请求消息。其中，第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文，第一请求消息包括小数据传输SDT失败信息。处理模块，用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的NAS上下文。
可选地，该装置还包括：发送模块。其中，发送模块，用于向第一接入网设备发送确认消息；确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块。其中，收发模块用于实现第九方面所述的通信装置的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，第九方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行第四方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第九方面所述的通信装置可以是核心网设备，如接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)，也可以是可设置于核心网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含核心网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
此外，第六方面至第九方面所述的通信装置的技术效果，可以参考第一方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十方面，提供一种通信装置。该装置包括：处理模块。处理模块，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。处理模块，还用于根据SDT失败信息确定SDT配置信息。 其中，SDT配置信息包括以下一项或多项：第二SDT时长阈值、第二RLC重传次数阈值、第二小区重选阈值、或者第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。其中，第二SDT时长阈值大于第一SDT时长阈值，第二SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值大于第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值，第二小区重选阈值大于第一小区重选阈值，第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值大于第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。第一SDT时长阈值、第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值、第一小区重选阈值、或者第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值用于确定SDT失败信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块，具体用于：接收来自第三接入网设备的SDT失败信息。
进一步地，SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值；或者，终端设备从第三接入网设备接收的信号质量与终端设备从第一接入网设备接收的信号质量的差值，大于或等于第一小区重选阈值；或者，随机接入前导码重传次数达到第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值；或者，第一接入网设备的标识；或者，终端设备的标识。
可选地，第十方面所述的通信装置还可以包括接收模块。其中，接收模块用于实现第十方面所述的通信装置的接收功能。
可选地，第十方面所述的通信装置还可以包括发送模块。其中，发送模块用于实现第十方面所述的通信装置的发送功能。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块。其中，收发模块用于实现第十方面所述的通信装置的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，第十方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行第五方面所述的通信方法。
需要说明的是，第十方面所述的通信装置可以是接入网设备，也可以是可设置于接入网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含接入网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
此外，第十方面所述的通信装置的技术效果，可以参考第五方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十一方面，提供一种通信装置。该装置包括：处理器，处理器与存储器耦合。处理器，用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述通信装置执行如第一方面至第五方面任一所述的通信方法。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第十一方面所述的通信装置还可以包括收发器。该收发器可以为收发电路或接口电路。该收发器可以用于第十一方面所述的通信装置与其他通信装置通信。
需要说明的是，第十一方面所述的通信装置可以是第一方面、第二方面、或者第五方面中任一方面所述的接入网设备或第三方面中所述的终端设备或第四方面中所述的核心网设备，也可以是可设置于接入网设备或终端设备或核心网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该接入网设备或终端设备或核心网设备的装置， 本申请对此不做限定。
此外，第十一方面所述的通信装置的技术效果，可以参考第一方面至第五方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十二方面，提供一种通信系统。该通信系统包括一个或多个终端设备，一个或多个接入网设备，以及一个或多个核心网设备。
第十三方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如第一方面至第五方面所述的通信方法。
第十四方面，提供一种计算机程序产品。计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如第一方面至第五方面任一所述的通信方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的基于锚重定位的SDT传输的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的基于无锚重定位的SDT传输的流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的第一接入网设备的架构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图一；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图二；
图7为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图三；
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图四；
图9为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图五；
图10为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图六；
图11为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图一；
图12为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图二；
图13为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图三；
图14为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图四；
图15为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图五；
图16为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图六。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统，车到任意物体(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信系统、设备间(device-todevie，D2D)通信系统、车联网通信系统、第4代(4th generation，4G)移动通信系统，如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统，如新空口(new radio，NR)系统，以及未来的通信系统，如第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信系统等。
本申请将围绕可包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/ 或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例地”、“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例中，“信息(information)”，“信号(signal)”，“消息(message)”，“信道(channel)”、“信令(singaling)”有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。“的(of)”，“相应的(corresponding，relevant)”和“对应的(corresponding)”有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。
本申请实施例中，有时候下标如W1可能会笔误为非下标的形式如W1，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先以图1中示出的通信系统为例详细说明适用于本申请实施例的通信系统。示例性地，图1为本申请实施例提供的通信方法所适用的一种通信系统的架构示意图。
如图1所示，该通信系统包括终端设备、第一接入网设备、第二接入网设备和核心网设备。其中，第一接入网设备与第二接入网设备连接，二者可以进行数据传输，第一接入网设备可以为终端设备提供无线接入服务，第二接入网设备也可以为终端设备提供无线接入服务，核心网设备可以与终端设备建立连接，进行数据传输，也可以与第一接入网设备或第二接入网设备连接，进行数据传输。
具体地，第一接入网设备和第二接入网设备分别对应一个覆盖区域，终端设备进入相应接入网设备的覆盖区域内，可以接收来自接入网设备的无线接入服务。例如，终端设备可以向第一接入网设备发送上行数据，第一接入网设备可以向终端设备发送下行数据。
值得说明的是，第一接入网设备可以与第二接入网设备通信，第二接入网设备可以是第一接入网设备的相邻设备，也可以不是，本申请实施例不予限制。
当终端设备从第一接入网设备的覆盖区域移出，进入第二接入网设备的覆盖区域时，终端设备会从第一接入网设备重选到第二接入网设备，进行数据传输。此时，第一接入网设备可以是终端设备的上一服务设备，第二接入网设备可以是该终端设备小区重选后的目标服务设备。例如，接入网设备为基站，那么第一接入网设备可以是终端设备的上一服务基站，第二接入网设备则是终端设备小区重选后的目标服务基站。换言之，此时终端设备的锚点基站由上一服务基站转换为目标服务基站，发生锚重定位(with anchor relocation)。
示例性地，图2示出了有锚重定位情况下，终端设备处于RRC非激活态进行SDT 的流程示意图。具体包括如下步骤：
S201、终端设备向第二接入网设备发送RRC恢复请求消息和上行数据。
其中，上行数据为SDT数据，终端设备可以将上行数据封装在RRC恢复请求(RRC Resume Request)消息中发送，也可以将上行数据和RRC恢复请求复用在一个消息中发送。RRC恢复请求消息中携带有非激活态无线网络临时标识(inactive-radio network temporary identifier，I-RNTI)，I-RNTI用于在RRC非激活态下识别该终端设备，此时第二接入网设备作为终端设备小区重选后的目标服务设备。
S202、第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送终端设备上下文请求消息。
其中，第一接入网设备可以为上一服务设备。终端设备上下文请求(RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT REQUEST)消息包括上述I-RNTI，第一接入网设备根据该I-RNTI确定终端设备的AS上下文，包括分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)配置信息、SDAP配置信息、无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)配置信息、AS安全配置信息等。
S203、第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送终端设备上下文响应消息。
其中，该终端设备上下文响应(RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT RESPONSE)消息包括如上述S202中的接入层(access stratum，AS)上下文。也就是，第二接入网设备获取到该终端设备的上下文，发生了锚重定位，终端设备的当前服务设备由第一接入网设备更新为第二接入网设备。
S204、第二接入网设备向第一核心网设备发送路径切换请求消息。
该路径切换请求(PATH SWITCH REQUEST)消息用于将第一接入网设备与第一核心网设备的连接，切换到第二接入网设备与第一核心网设备连接。第一核心网设备可以是AMF网元。
S205、第一核心网设备向第二接入网设备发送路径切换请求响应消息。
该路径切换请求响应(PATH SWITCH REQUEST RESPONSE)消息用于指示路径切换完成。
S206、第二接入网设备向第二核心网设备发送上行数据。
其中，第二核心网设备可以是UPF网元，用于完成用户面数据的交互。
S207、第二接入网设备接收来自第二核心网设备的下行数据。
也就是说，终端设备与第二核心网设备的数据交互转换为第二接入网设备进行。
S208、第二接入网设备向终端设备发送RRC释放消息和下行数据。
其中，下行数据也可以是SDT数据，RRC释放(RRC Rlease)消息用于终止SDT过程。
一些实施例中，类似地，接入网设备为基站，第一接入网设备可以是终端设备的上一服务基站，第二接入网设备可以该终端设备小区重选后的目标服务基站。当终端设备未离开第一接入网设备的覆盖区域，也就是未与第二接入网设备建立连接时，该终端设备的当前服务设备仍为第一接入网设备。换言之，此时终端设备的锚点基站仍为上一服务基站，未发生锚重定位(without anchor relocation)。
示例性地，图3示出了无锚重定位情况下，终端设备处于RRC非激活态进行SDT的流程示意图。具体包括如下步骤：
S301、终端设备向第二接入网设备发送RRC恢复请求消息和上行数据。具体参照上述步骤S201。
S302、第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送终端设备上下文请求消息。具体参照上述步骤S202。
S303、第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送终端设备上下文请求失败消息。
其中，终端设备上下文请求失败(RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT REQUEST Failure)消息表示未发生锚重定位，终端设备的上下文仍然保存在第一接入网设备中。
S304、第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送上行数据。
S305、第一接入网设备向第二核心网设备发送上行数据。
S306、第二核心网设备向第一接入网设备发送下行数据。
S307、第一接入网设备再向第二接入网设备发送下行数据。
S308、第二接入网设备向终端设备发送RRC释放消息和下行数据。
步骤S304-S308表示终端设备与核心网设备的数据交互仍是第一接入网设备进行，第二接入网设备用于数据转发。其中，该RRC释放消息用于终止SDT过程。
基于上述步骤S201-S208和步骤S301-S308可知，终端设备在RRC非激活态进行SDT过程，无需从RRC非激活态转换为RRC连接态，节省了指令交互过程，提高了数据传输效率。
在上述两种SDT过程中，终端设备可以判断SDT是否成功，当发生SDT失败时，终端设备从RRC非激活态进入RRC空闲态，释放终端设备的上下文。
上述终端设备为接入上述通信系统，且具有无线收发功能的终端或可设置于该终端的芯片或芯片系统。该终端设备也可以称为用户装置、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。本申请的实施例中的终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、车载终端、具有终端功能的RSU等。本申请的终端设备还可以是作为一个或多个部件或者单元而内置于车辆的车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元，车辆通过内置的所述车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元可以实施本申请提供的通信方法。
上述第一接入网设备和第二接入网设备可统称为网络设备，网络设备为位于上述通信系统的网络侧，且具有无线收发功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片或芯片系统。该网络设备包括但不限于：无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)，如家庭网关、路由器、服务器、交换机、网桥等，演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元 (baseband unit，BBU)，无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，新空口(new radio，NR)系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，集中单元(centralized unit，CU)，和/或，分布单元(distributed unit，DU)、具有基站功能的路边单元(road side unit，RSU)等。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第一接入网设备和/或第二接入网设备可以是CU-DU分离的架构。也就是说，第一接入网设备和/或第二接入网设备可以包括一个CU以及一个或多个DU。其中，CU主要用于负责集中式无线资源和连接管理控制，具备无线高层协议栈功能，例如，PDCP层功能、服务数据适配协议(Service Data Adaptation Protocol，SDAP)层功能等。DU具备分布式用户面处理功能，主要具备物理层功能和实时性需求较高的层2功能，例如，DU具备物理层(physical layer，PHY)功能、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层功能和无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层功能等。
示例性地，图4为第一接入网设备的CU-DU分离架构的结构示意图。第一接入网设备包括CU和DU。其中，DU可以与终端设备连接，CU可以与第二接入网设备，CU还可以与核心网设备连接。应理解，第一接入网设备可以包括多个DU，多个DU均与CU连接，在具体实现过程中，可根据具体需要确定CU、DU的数量，并且，CU和DU可以部署在同一个设备中，也可以部署在不同的设备中，本申请实施例不予限制。
上述核心网设备可以是AMF网元，主要负责无线网络中的移动性管理，如用户位置更新、用户注册网络、小区切换等。核心网设备还可以是用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元，主要负责用户数据的转发和接收。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的通信方法，可以适用于图1所示的终端设备、第一接入网、第二接入网设备与核心网设备之间的通信，具体实现可以参考下述方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
应当指出的是，本申请实施例中的方案还可以应用于其他通信系统中，相应的名称也可以用其他通信系统中的对应功能的名称进行替代。
应理解，图1仅为便于理解而示例的简化示意图，该通信系统中还可以包括其他网络设备，和/或，其他终端设备，图1中未予以画出。
由于终端设备与网络侧设备通信时，监测到SDT失败，会及时释放上下文，进入RRC非激活态，而网络侧设备不知道发生SDT失败，无法及时释放该终端设备的上下文。因此，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，用于网络侧释放终端设备的上下文。下面将结合图5-图10对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行具体阐述。
需要说明的是，本申请下述实施例中各个网元之间的消息名字或消息中各参数的名字等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、或“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。 本申请中的“第一接入网设备”等具有不同编号的网络设备，该编号仅为用于上下文行文方便，不同的次序编号本身不具有特定技术含义，比如，第一接入网设备，第二接入网设备等，可以理解为是一系列网络设备中的一个或者任一个。可理解，在具体实施时，不同编号的网络设备也可以是同一种类型的网络设备，本申请对此不作限定。
可以理解的，本申请实施例中，第一接入网设备、第二接入网设备、分布单元或集中单元可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全部步骤，这些步骤仅是示例，本申请实施例还可以执行其它步骤或者各种步骤的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部步骤。
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图一。该方法适用于图1所示的终端设备、第一接入网、第二接入网设备与核心网设备之间的通信。如图5所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S501、第一接入网设备获取SDT失败信息。
具体地，SDT失败信息包括终端设备与网络设备之间的SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值，和/或SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。SDT失败信息用于指示终端设备的SDT失败。
其中，第一SDT时长阈值可以是一个SDT过程所需的最大时长，当SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值，也就是表示在设定时间内SDT过程未完成。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第一接入网设备获取SDT失败信息可以通过自身获取。
具体地，第一接入网设备可以包括分布单元和集中单元，分布单元可以是如图4所示的DU，集中单元可以是如图4所示的CU。本实施例中，DU主要负责RLC层、MAC层和PHY层的功能处理，CU主要负责PDCP层和SDAP层的功能处理。需要说明的是，DU和CU功能的划分可根据需要设置，本申请实施例不做具体限定。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第一接入网设备通过分布单元获取SDT失败信息，具体实现过程可以参照下述图6所示出的通信方法，此处不再赘述。
另一种可能的设计方案中，第一接入网设备通过集中单元获取SDT失败信息，具体实现过程可以参照下述图7所示出的通信方法，此处不再赘述。
又一种可能的实施方式中，第一接入网设备可以从第二接入网设备获取SDT失败信息。其中，第二接入网设备可以是第一接入网设备的相邻设备。
进一步地，第二接入网设备获取的SDT失败信息可以通过自身获取，也可以从终端设备获取，具体实现过程可以参照下述图8和图9所示出的通信方法，此处不再赘述。
S502、第一接入网设备根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的AS上下文。
具体地，第一接入网设备获取到SDT失败信息，确定发生了SDT失败，从而及时释放终端设备的AS上下文。所述终端设备的AS上下文可以包括以下至少一项：配置授权小数据传输(configured grant-small data transmission，CG-SDT)配置信息、配置调度无线网络临时标识(configured scheduling-radio network temporary identifier，CS-RNTI)信息、UE专用搜索空间(UE specific search space，USS)信息、RLC配置信息、PDCP配置信息、SDAP配置信息、AS安全配置信息。
S503、第一接入网设备向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
其中，第一请求消息包括SDT失败信息，用于通知核心网设备SDT失败，以便核心网络设备释放终端设备的NAS上下文。核心网设备可以为AMF网元，AMF网元中保存有终端设备的NAS上下文。
S504、核心网设备根据第一请求消息释放终端设备的非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)上下文。
其中，终端设备的NAS上下文可以包括NAS配置和安全信息，例如NAS安全密钥。核心网设备释放完终端设备的NAS上下文，确定终端设备进入连接管理空闲(connnected management IDLE，CM_IDLE)态，与终端设备侧的状态保持一致。
可选地，图5中所示出的通信方法还包括：核心网设备向第一接入网设备发送确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
下面以5G系统为例，并结合SDT过程详细说明本申请实施例提供的通信方法在5G系统中的具体实现方法。
示例性地，图6为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图二。该通信方法可以适用于图1所示的通信系统中，具体实现图5所示的通信方法。
如图6所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S601、终端设备向分布单元发送第二请求消息。
其中，第一接入网设备采用如图4所示的CU-DU分离架构，包括分布单元和集中单元，也就是分布单元为DU，集中单元为CU。
此时，终端设备处于RRC非激活态，进行SDT过程，并启动SDT失败监测，若终端设备监测到SDT失败，终端设备会释放上下文，进入RRC空闲态。
第二请求消息用于请求恢复RRC连接，第二请求消息可以包括如图2或图3所示的RRC恢复请求(RRC Resume Request)。终端设备还可以向分布单元发送上行数据，该上行数据可以为SDT数据。终端设备可以将上行SDT数据和第二请求消息复用在一个消息中，或者将上行SDT数据封装在第二请求消息中。换言之，第二请求消息可以包括SDT数据。
可选地，该第二请求消息还可以包括终端设备的标识，如上述步骤S201中的I-RNTI。
可以理解的是，如果上行SDT数据和第二请求消息复用在一个消息中，那么第二请求消息是经过RLC层、MAC层和PHY层处理后向分布单元发送。
具体地，终端设备可以基于预配置的CG-SDT资源发送第二请求消息，还可以通过随机接入过程发送第二请求消息，如伴随或包含在四步随机接入过程的消息3，或者，伴随或包含在两步随机接入过程中的消息A中。
S602、分布单元向集中单元发送初始上行RRC消息。
其中，初始上行RRC消息包括第二请求消息中的RRC恢复请求。集中单元接收到初始上行RRC消息后会向分布单元发送数据转发隧道，该数据转发隧道用于分布单元向集中单元发送上行SDT数据。
可以理解的是，分布单元向集中单元发送的初始上行RRC消息和SDT数据是经过分布单元的PHY层、MAC层和RLC处理的。
值得说明的是，该数据转发隧道发送的数据可以是上述上行SDT数据，也可以是 终端设备发送的后续上行SDT数据。也就是说，后续上行SDT数据的发送无需分布单元再向集中单元发送初始上行RRC消息。
S603、分布单元根据第二请求消息启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
具体地，分布单元内设置有SDT失败监测机制。分布单元可以根据第二请求消息中的RRC恢复请求启动SDT失败监测。
一种可能的设计方案中，分布单元可以通过监测SDT过程的持续时长是否超过第一SDT时长阈值。SDT过程的持续时长是否超过第一SDT时长阈值的判断，可以通过在分布单元中设置定时器判断，定时器的时长就是第一SDT时长阈值，分布单元在接收到终端设备的RRC恢复请求后，启动定时器，当定时器超时，就可以确定SDT失败。由此，分布单元获取的SDT失败信息为SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值。
其中，第一SDT时长阈值可以是一个SDT过程所需的最大时长，当SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值，也就是表示在设定时间内SDT过程未完成，SDT数据传输有问题。例如，分布单元在设定时间内未成功收到终端设备发送的SDT数据或未成功发送RRC释放消息，则确定发生了SDT失败。
另一种可能的设计方案中，分布单元可以通过判断SDT数据的RLC重传次数是否达到最大RLC重传次数，即SDT数据是否达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。由此，分布单元获取的SDT失败信息为SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。
其中，SDT数据可以是上行数据，例如上述的上行SDT数据以及后续上行SDT数据。也就是说，分布单元向终端设备发送上行SDT数据的重传请求达到设置的最大RLC重传次数，分布单元仍未成功收到SDT数据，确定发生了SDT失败。例如，第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值设置为8次，当分布单元向终端设备发送的上行SDT数据的重传请求达到8次，分布单元仍未成功收到SDT数据，则确认发生了SDT失败。
可选地，SDT数据也可以是下行数据。也就是说，当分布单元向终端设备发送下行SDT数据的RLC重传次数达到设置的最大RLC重传次数，分布单元仍未接收到SDT数据成功接收的确认，确定发生了SDT失败。例如，第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值设置为8次，当分布单元发送下行SDT数据的RLC重传次数达到8次，仍未收到终端设备接收SDT数据成功的响应，则确认发生了SDT失败。
又一种可能的设计方案中，分布单元还可以同时监测SDT过程的持续时长和RLC重传次数判断SDT失败，两者结合可以避免SDT失败误判，提高可靠性。其中，SDT时长阈值可以与第一SDT时长阈值设置的相同，也可以与第一SDT时长阈值不同，根据具体情况设置，本申请在此不予限定。
可选地，SDT失败信息还可以包括该终端设备的标识(例如，I-RNTI)和第一接入网设备的小区标识，该小区标识是接收RRC恢复请求的小区的标识。
S604、分布单元根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。
其中，第一AS上下文为第一接入网设备保存的终端设备的AS上下文的一部分，该AS上下文还包括下述集中单元中保存的第二AS上下文。第一AS上下文可以包括 CG-SDT配置信息、RLC配置信息、CS-RNTI信息、USS信息等。分布单元基于SDT失败信息将第一AS上下文及时释放，避免资源浪费。
S605、分布单元向集中单元发送第三请求消息。
其中，第三请求消息包括分布单元获取的SDT失败信息，用于请求集中单元释放其保存的该终端设备的第二AS上下文。
S606、集中单元根据第三请求消息释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。
其中，集中单元根据第三请求消息，确定释放终端设备的第二AS上下文，第二AS上下文可以包括PDCP配置信息、SDAP配置信息、AS安全配置信息等。
S607、集中单元向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
其中，核心网设备可以是AMF网元，第一请求消息包括SDT失败信息，用于请求核心网设备释放该终端设备的NAS上下文。
S608、核心网设备根据第一请求消息释放终端设备的NAS上下文。
具体参照上述步骤S504，此处不再赘述。
可选地，核心网设备还可以向集中单元发送确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
上述步骤S601-S608为第一接入网设备基于分离架构，根据分布单元获取SDT失败信息，完成终端设备上下文释放的交互过程。另外，第一接入网设备也可以基于集中单元获取SDT失败信息，完成终端设备上下文释放。
示例性地，图7为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图三。该通信方法可以适用于图1所示的通信系统中，具体实现图5所示的通信方法。
如图7所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S701、终端设备向分布单元发送第二请求消息。
S702、分布单元向集中单元发送初始上行RRC消息。
S701-S702的具体过程可以参照上述步骤S601-S602，此处不再赘述。
S703、集中单元根据第二请求消息启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
具体地，集中单元内设置有SDT失败监测机制。集中单元可以根据第二请求消息中的RRC恢复请求启动SDT失败监测。
一种可能的设计方案中，集中单元监测SDT过程的持续时长是否超过第一SDT时长阈值。SDT过程的持续时间是否超过第一SDT时长阈值的判断，可以通过在集中单元中设置定时器判断，定时器的时长就是第一SDT时长阈值，集中单元在接收到终端设备的RRC恢复请求后，启动定时器，当定时器超时，就可以确定SDT失败。由此，集中单元获取的SDT失败信息为SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值。
其中，第一SDT时长阈值可以是一个SDT过程所需的最大时长，当SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值，也就是表示在设定时间内SDT过程未完成，SDT数据传输有问题。例如，集中单元在设定时间内未成功收到终端设备发送的SDT数据或未成功发送RRC释放消息，则确定发生了SDT失败。
值得说明的是，当集中单元与分布单元的协议层划分与图4所示的不同时，例如分布单元主要负责MAC层和PHY层的功能处理，集中单元主要负责RLC层、PDCP 层和SDAP层的功能处理。此时，集中单元仍可通过判断SDT数据的RLC重传次数是否达到最大RLC重传次数，进行SDT失败监测。具体过程参照上述步骤S603，此处不再赘述。
S704、集中单元根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。
S705、集中单元向分布单元发送第四请求消息。
其中，第四请求消息包括SDT失败信息，用于请求分布单元释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。
S706、分布单元根据第四请求消息释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。
S707、集中单元向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
可选地，第一请求消息也可以由分布单元向核心网设备发送。
S708、核心网设备根据第一请求消息释放终端设备的NAS上下文。
具体地，步骤S704-S708的具体过程参照上述S501-S504和/或S604-S608。
可选地，核心网设备还可以向集中单元发送确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
图6和图7示出了终端设备在一个接入网设备(第一接入网设备)的覆盖区域下，网络侧如何进行SDT失败监测，释放终端设备的上下文的过程。本申请实施例第一接入网设备的终端设备的上下文释放还可以基于图3所示的场景。
示例性地，图8为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图四。该通信方法可以适用于图1所示的通信系统中，具体实现图5所示的通信方法。
如图8所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S801、终端设备向第二接入网设备发送第二请求消息。
其中，第二请求消息的描述可以参照上述S601，此处不再赘述。
S802、第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送终端设备上下文请求消息。
步骤S802的具体过程可以参照上述步骤S202。
S803、第一接入网设备向第二接入网设备发送终端设备上下文请求失败消息。
其中，终端设备上下文请求失败消息(RETRIEVE UE CONTEXT REQUEST Failure)中携带有无锚重定位的指示信息，还携带有部分终端设备的上下文，如RLC配置信息，用于第二接入网设备临时使用，与终端设备进行SDT数据传输。可以理解的是，终端设备的AS上下文仍保存在第一接入网设备中。
S804、第二接入网设备根据第二请求消息启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
具体地，第二接入网设备设置有SDT失败监测机制。第二接入网设备可以根据第二请求消息中的RRC恢复请求启动SDT失败监测。
具体地，第二接入网设备可以通过监测SDT过程的持续时长是否超时，即是否超过第一SDT时长阈值。SDT过程的持续时长是否超过第一SDT时长阈值的判断，可以通过在第二接入网设备中设置定时器判断，定时器的时长就是第一SDT时长阈值，第二接入网设备在接收到终端设备的RRC恢复请求后，启动定时器，当定时器超时，就可以确定SDT失败。由此，第二接入网设备获取的SDT失败信息为SDT过程的持续时间大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值。
其中，第一SDT时长阈值可以是完成一个SDT过程所需的最大时长，当SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值，也就是表示在设定时间内SDT过程未完成，SDT数据传输有问题。例如，第二接入网设备在设定时间内未成功收到终端设备发送的SDT数据或未成功发送RRC释放消息，则确定发生了SDT失败。
另一种可能的设计方案中，第二接入网设备可以通过判断SDT数据的RLC重传次数是否达到最大RLC重传次数，即SDT数据是否达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。由此，第二接入网设备获取的SDT失败信息为SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。
其中，SDT数据可以是上行数据，例如上述的上行SDT数据以及后续上行SDT数据。也就是说，第二接入网设备向终端设备发送上行SDT数据的重传请求达到设置的最大RLC重传次数，第二接入网设备仍未成功收到SDT数据，确认发生了SDT失败。例如，第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值设置为8次，当第二接入网设备向终端设备发送的上行SDT数据的重传请求达到8次，第二接入网设备仍未成功收到SDT数据，则表示发生了SDT失败。
可选地，SDT数据也可以是下行数据。也就是说，当第二接入网设备向终端设备发送下行SDT数据的RLC重传次数达到设置的最大RLC重传次数，第二接入网设备仍未接收到SDT数据成功接收的确认，确认发生了SDT失败。例如，第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值设置为8次，当第二接入网设备发送下行SDT数据的RLC重传次数达到8次，仍未收到终端设备接收SDT数据成功的响应，则确认发生了SDT失败。
又一种可能的设计方案中，第二接入网设备还可以同时监测SDT过程的持续时长和RLC重传次数判断SDT失败，两者结合可以避免SDT失败误判，提高可靠性。其中，SDT时长阈值可以与第一SDT时长阈值设置的相同，也可以与第一SDT时长阈值不同，根据具体情况设置，本申请在此不予限定。
又一种可能的设计方案中，第二接入网设备也可以基于CU-DU分离架构获取SDT失败信息，具体过程可以参照上述步骤S603和S703，此处不再赘述。
S805、第二接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
具体地，第二接入网设备可以通过Xn接口向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
S806、第一接入网设备根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的AS上下文。
可选地，S807、第一接入网设备向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
一种可能的设计方案中，当第二接入网设备与核心网设备有连接时，也可以由第二接入网直接向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
S808、核心网设备根据第一请求消息释放终端设备的NAS上下文。
步骤S806-S808的具体过程可以参照上述S502-S504，此处不再赘述。
可选地，核心网设备还可以向第一接入网设备发送确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，第一接入网设备也可从终端设备获取SDT失败信息。示例性地，图9为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图五。
如图9所示，该通信方法具体包括：
S901、终端设备向第一接入网设备发起SDT过程。
其中，SDT过程可以参照图6或图7所示终端设备发送RRC恢复请求和上行SDT数据或者第二请求消息与第一接入网设备进行通信的过程，此处不再赘述。
S902、终端设备启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
具体地，终端设备开始与第一接入网设备进行SDT数据传输，则启动SDT失败监测。例如，终端设备基于设置的定时机制，监测SDT过程的持续时间是否大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值，或者SDT数据的RLC重传次数是否达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值，或者在SDT过程中是否发生小区重选，或者采用随机接入过程中随机接入前导码重传次数是否达到第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。
换言之，终端设备确定SDT失败，获取的SDT失败信息可以包括：SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值(SDT过程超时)、SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值(SDT数据的RLC重传达到最大次数)、终端设备从第三接入网设备接收的信号质量与终端设备从第一接入网设备接收的信号质量的差值(发生小区重选)，大于或等于第一小区重选阈值、随机接入前导码重传次数达到第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值(随机接入前导码重传次数到达最大重传次数)。
可选地，SDT失败信息还可以包括第一接入网设备的小区标识、终端设备的标识。
S903、终端设备向第三接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
其中，第三接入网设备可以是上述图1-图3和图8中的第二接入网设备。也就是说，第三接入网设备可以是终端设备小区重选后的接入网设备，也可以不是终端设备小区重选后的接入网设备。
具体地，终端设备与第三接入网设备建立RRC连接，从RRC空闲态转换为RRC连接态，再向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息，该SDT失败信息可以以报告的形式发送。
一种可能的设计方案中，第三接入网设备也可以是与第一接入网设备相邻的其他接入网设备。
S904、第三接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
S905、第一接入网设备根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的AS上下文。
S906、第一接入网设备向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
S907、核心网设备根据第一请求消息释放终端设备的NAS上下文。
步骤S905-S907的具体过程参照上述步骤S501-S504，此处不再赘述。
基于图5-图9中任一项所示出的通信方法，第一接入网设备可以通过获取SDT失败信息，来判断与终端设备之间的SDT数据传输失败，从而根据SDT失败信息及时释放终端设备的AS上下文，并及时通知核心网设备释放终端设备的NAS上下文，使得终端设备、第一接入网设备和核心网设备基于相同规则释放终端设备的上下文，从而三者记录的终端设备的状态一致，可以避免网络侧设备维护没必要的终端设备的上下文，造成资源占用，从而节省资源，提高资源利用率。
进一步地，基于图9所示的通信方法，本申请实施例还可以对第一接入网设备的SDT配置信息进行优化。
示例性地，图10为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图六。如图10所示， 该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S1001、终端设备向第一接入网设备发起SDT过程。
S1002、终端设备启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
S1003、终端设备向第三接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
S1004、第三接入网设备向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
步骤S1001-S1004的具体过程参照上述步骤S901-S904。
S1005、第一接入网设备根据SDT失败信息确定SDT配置信息。
具体地，第一接入网设备根据SDT失败信息优化原有的SDT配置信息。其中，原有的SDT配置信息可以包括：第一SDT时长阈值、第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值、第一小区重选阈值、或者第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。
优化后的SDT配置信息可以包括：第二SDT时长阈值、第二RLC重传次数阈值、第二小区重选阈值、第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。其中，第二SDT时长阈值大于第一SDT时长阈值，第二SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值大于第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值，第二小区重选阈值大于第一小区重选阈值，第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值大于第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。
基于图10所示的通信方法，第一接入网设备可以基于交互的SDT失败信息优化SDT配置信息，使得设定的阈值变大，从而避免其他终端设备与第一接入网设备通信时过早进入RRC空闲态，导致SDT数据包丢失，提高数据传输的可靠性。
以上结合图5-图10详细说明了本申请实施例提供的通信方法。以下结合图11-图16详细说明用于执行本申请实施例提供的通信方法的通信装置。
值得说明的是，本申请实施例中的“xx模块”也可以是“xx单元”，在此不予限定。
示例性地，图11是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图一。如图11所示，通信装置1100包括：处理模块1101和发送模块1102。为了便于说明，图11仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1100可适用于图1中所示出的通信系统中，执行图5-图9中任一所示出的通信方法中第一接入网设备的功能。
其中，处理模块1101，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。
处理模块1101，还用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文。
发送模块1102，用于向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。其中，第一请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块1101，具体用于执行如下步骤：
接收来自终端设备的第二请求消息；其中，第二请求消息用于请求恢复RRC连接；
根据第二请求消息启动SDT失败检测，获取SDT失败信息。
另一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块1101，具体用于执行如下步骤：接收来自第二接入网设备的SDT失败信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块1101包括分布单元和集中单元；AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文。
其中，分布单元，用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第一AS上下文；
分布单元，还用于向集中单元发送第三请求消息；其中，第三请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第三请求消息用于请求集中单元释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。
另一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块1101包括分布单元和集中单元；AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文。
其中，集中单元，用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的第二AS上下文。
集中单元，还用于向分布单元发送第四请求消息。其中，第四请求消息包括SDT失败信息，第四请求消息用于请求分布单元释放终端设备的第一AS上下文。
一种可能的设计方案中，集中单元，还用于向核心网设备发送第一请求消息。
进一步地，SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。
可选地，该通信装置1100还包括：接收模块1103。其中，接收模块1103，用于接收来自核心网设备的确认消息。其中，确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图11中未示出)。其中，收发模块用于实现通信装置1100的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，通信装置1100还可以包括存储模块(图11中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置1100可以执行图5-图9中任一所示的通信方法中第一接入网设备的功能。
需要说明的是，通信装置1100可以是接入网设备，也可以是可设置于接入网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含接入网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
此外，通信装置1100的技术效果可以参考图5所示出的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，图12是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图二。如图12所示，通信装置1200包括：处理模块1201和发送模块1202。为了便于说明，图12仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1200可适用于图1中所示出的通信系统中，执行图8-图9中任一所示出的通信方法中第二接入网设备的功能。
其中，处理模块1201，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。
发送模块1202，用于向第一接入网设备发送SDT失败信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块1201，具体用于：接收来自终端设备的SDT失败信息。
可选地，通信装置1200还可以包括接收模块1203。其中，接收模块1203用于实现通信装置1200的接收功能。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图12中未示出)。其中，收发模块用于实现通信装置1200的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，通信装置1200还可以包括存储模块(图12中未示出)，该存储模块存 储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行图8-图9中任一所示的通信方法中第二接入网设备的功能。
需要说明的是，通信装置1200可以是接入网设备，也可以是可设置于接入网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含接入网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
此外，通信装置1200的技术效果，可以参考图5所示出的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，图13是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图三。如图13所示，通信装置1300包括：发送模块1301。为了便于说明，图13仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1300可适用于图1中所示出的通信系统中，执行图6-图10中任一所示出的通信方法中终端设备的功能。
其中，发送模块1301，用于向第二接入网设备发送小数据传输SDT失败信息。
可选地，通信装置1300还可以包括接收模块1302。其中，接收模块用于实现通信装置1300的接收功能。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图13中未示出)。其中，收发模块用于实现通信装置1300的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，通信装置1300还可以包括处理模块1303。其中，处理模块用于实现通信装置1300的处理功能。
可选地，通信装置1300还可以包括存储模块(图13中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行图6-图10中任一所示的通信方法中的终端设备的功能。
需要说明的是，通信装置1300可以是终端设备，也可以是可设置于终端设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含终端设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
此外，通信装置1300的技术效果，可以参考图5所示出的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，图14是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图四。如图14所示，通信装置1400包括：接收模块1401和处理模块1402。为了便于说明，图14仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1400可适用于图1中所示出的通信系统中，执行图5-图9中任一所示出的通信方法中核心网设备的功能。
其中，接收模块1401，用于接收来自第一接入网设备的第一请求消息。其中，第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文，第一请求消息包括小数据传输SDT失败信息。
处理模块1402，用于根据SDT失败信息释放终端设备的NAS上下文。
可选地，该通信装置1400还包括：发送模块1403。其中，发送模块，用于向第一接入网设备发送确认消息；确认消息用于指示核心网设备已完成终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图14中未示出)。其中，收发模块用于实现通信装置1400的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，通信装置1400还可以包括存储模块(图14中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行图5-图9中任一所述的通信方法中核心网设备的功能。
需要说明的是，通信装置1400可以是核心网设备，如接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)，也可以是可设置于核心网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含核心网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
此外，通信装置1400的技术效果，可以参考图5所示出的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，图15是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图五。如图15所示，通信装置1500包括：处理模块1501。为了便于说明，图15仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1500可适用于图1中所示出的通信系统中，执行图5-图10中任一所示出的通信方法中第一接入网设备的功能。
其中，处理模块1501，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息。
处理模块1501，还用于根据SDT失败信息确定SDT配置信息。其中，SDT配置信息包括以下一项或多项：第二SDT时长阈值、第二RLC重传次数阈值、第二小区重选阈值、或者第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。其中，第二SDT时长阈值大于第一SDT时长阈值，第二SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值大于第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值，第二小区重选阈值大于第一小区重选阈值，第二随机接入前导码重传次数阈值大于第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值。
其中，第一SDT时长阈值、第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值、第一小区重选阈值、或者第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值用于确定SDT失败信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，处理模块1501，具体用于：接收来自第三接入网设备的SDT失败信息。
进一步地，SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值；或者，终端设备从第三接入网设备接收的信号质量与终端设备从第一接入网设备接收的信号质量的差值，大于或等于第一小区重选阈值；或者，随机接入前导码重传次数达到第一随机接入前导码重传次数阈值；或者，第一接入网设备的标识；或者，终端设备的标识。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括接收模块1502。其中，接收模块1502用于实现通信装置1500的接收功能。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括发送模块1503。其中，发送模块1503用于实现通信装置1500的发送功能。
可选地，发送模块和接收模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图15中未示出)。其中，收发模块用于实现通信装置1500的发送功能和接收功能。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括存储模块(图15中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置可以执行图10所示的通信方法中第一接入网设备的功能。
需要说明的是，通信装置1500可以是接入网设备，也可以是可设置于接入网设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含接入网设备的装置，本申请对此不做限定。
此外，通信装置1500的技术效果，可以参考图10所示出的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，图16为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图六。该通信装置可以是终端设备或网络设备，也可以是可设置于终端设备或接入网设备或核心网设备的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件。如图16所示，通信装置1600可以包括处理器1601。可选地，通信装置1600还可以包括存储器1602和/或收发器1603。其中，处理器1601与存储器1602和收发器1603耦合，如可以通过通信总线连接。
下面结合图16对通信装置1600的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
其中，处理器1601是通信装置1600的控制中心，可以是一个处理器，也可以是多个处理元件的统称。例如，处理器1601是一个或多个中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，也可以是特定集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个微处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)。
可选地，处理器1601可以通过运行或执行存储在存储器1602内的软件程序，以及调用存储在存储器1602内的数据，执行通信装置1600的各种功能。
在具体的实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1601可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图16中所示出的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信装置1600也可以包括多个处理器，例如图16中所示的处理器1601和处理器1604。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核处理器(single-CPU)，也可以是一个多核处理器(multi-CPU)。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
其中，所述存储器1602用于存储执行本申请方案的软件程序，并由处理器1601来控制执行，具体实现方式可以参考上述方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
可选地，存储器1602可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器1602可以和处理器1601集成在一起，也可以独立存在，并通过通信装置1600的接口电路(图16中未示出)与处理 器1601耦合，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
收发器1603，用于与其他通信装置之间的通信。例如，通信装置1600为终端设备，收发器1603可以用于与接入网设备通信，或者与另一个终端设备通信。又例如，通信装置1600为接入网设备，收发器1603可以用于与终端设备通信，或者与另一个接入网设备通信。
可选地，收发器1603可以包括接收器和发送器(图16中未单独示出)。其中，接收器用于实现接收功能，发送器用于实现发送功能。
可选地，收发器1603可以和处理器1601集成在一起，也可以独立存在，并通过通信装置1600的接口电路(图16中未示出)与处理器1601耦合，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，图16中示出的通信装置1600的结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，实际的通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
此外，通信装置1600的技术效果可以参考上述方法实施例所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种通信系统。该通信系统包括上述一个或多个终端设备，一个或多个接入网设备，以及一个或多个核心网设备。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括：该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令；当该计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行如图5-图10任一所示的通信方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行如图5-图10任一所示的通信方法。
应理解，在本申请实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，该处理器还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器 (enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
上述实施例，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件(如电路)、固件或其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，上述实施例可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令或计算机程序。在计算机上加载或执行所述计算机指令或计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以为通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集合的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质。半导体介质可以是固态硬盘。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系，但也可能表示的是一种“和/或”的关系，具体可参考前后文进行理解。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第一接入网设备，所述方法包括：
    获取小数据传输SDT失败信息；
    根据所述SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文；
    向核心网设备发送第一请求消息；所述第一请求消息包括所述SDT失败信息，所述第一请求消息用于请求所述核心网设备释放所述终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取小数据传输SDT失败信息，具体包括：
    接收来自所述终端设备的第二请求消息；所述第二请求消息用于请求恢复RRC连接；
    根据所述第二请求消息启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取小数据传输SDT失败信息，具体包括：
    接收来自第二接入网设备的所述SDT失败信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备包括分布单元和集中单元；所述AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文；
    所述根据所述SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文，具体包括：
    通过所述分布单元根据所述SDT失败信息释放所述终端设备的第一AS上下文；
    通过所述分布单元向所述集中单元发送第三请求消息；所述第三请求消息包括所述SDT失败信息，所述第三请求消息用于请求所述集中单元释放所述终端设备的第二AS上下文。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入网设备包括分布单元和集中单元；所述AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文；
    根据所述SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文，具体包括：
    通过所述集中单元根据所述SDT失败信息释放所述终端设备的第二AS上下文；
    通过所述集中单元向所述分布单元发送第四请求消息；所述第四请求消息包括所述SDT失败信息，所述第四请求消息用于请求所述分布单元释放所述终端设备的第一AS上下文。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述向核心网设备发送第一请求消息，具体包括：
    通过所述集中单元向所述核心网设备发送所述第一请求消息。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：
    SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，
    SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述核心网设备的确认消息；所述确认消息用于指示所述核心网设备已完成所述终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
  9. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第二接入网设备，所述方法包括：
    获取小数据传输SDT失败信息；
    向第一接入网设备发送所述SDT失败信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取小数据传输SDT失败信息，具体包括：
    接收来自终端设备的SDT失败信息。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于终端设备，所述方法包括：
    向第二接入网设备发送小数据传输SDT失败信息。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于核心网设备，所述方法包括：
    接收来自第一接入网设备的第一请求消息；所述第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文，所述第一请求消息包括小数据传输SDT失败信息；
    根据所述SDT失败信息释放所述终端设备的NAS上下文。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一接入网设备发送确认消息；所述确认消息用于指示所述核心网设备已完成所述终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
  14. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：处理模块和发送模块；
    所述处理模块，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述SDT失败信息释放终端设备的接入层AS上下文；
    所述发送模块，用于向核心网设备发送第一请求消息；所述第一请求消息包括所述SDT失败信息，所述第一请求消息用于请求所述核心网设备释放所述终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，具体用于执行如下步骤：
    接收来自所述终端设备的第二请求消息；所述第二请求消息用于请求恢复RRC连接；
    根据所述第二请求消息启动SDT失败监测，获取SDT失败信息。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，具体用于：
    接收来自第二接入网设备的所述SDT失败信息。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块包括分布单元和集中单元；所述AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文；
    所述分布单元，用于根据所述SDT失败信息释放所述终端设备的第一AS上下文；
    所述分布单元，还用于向所述集中单元发送第三请求消息；所述第三请求消息包括所述SDT失败信息，所述第三请求消息用于请求所述集中单元释放所述终端设备的第二AS上下文。
  18. 根据权利要求14-16中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块包括分布单元和集中单元；所述AS上下文包括第一AS上下文和第二AS上下文；
    所述集中单元，用于根据所述SDT失败信息释放所述终端设备的第二AS上下文；
    所述集中单元，还用于向所述分布单元发送第四请求消息；所述第四请求消息包括所述SDT失败信息，所述第四请求消息用于请求所述分布单元释放所述终端设备的 第一AS上下文。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述集中单元，还用于：
    向所述核心网设备发送所述第一请求消息。
  20. 根据权利要求14-19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述SDT失败信息包括以下一项或多项：
    SDT过程的持续时长大于或等于第一SDT时长阈值；或者，
    SDT数据的无线链路控制RLC重传次数达到第一SDT数据RLC重传次数阈值。
  21. 根据权利要求14-20中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：接收模块；
    所述接收模块，用于接收来自所述核心网设备的确认消息；所述确认消息用于指示所述核心网设备已完成所述终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：处理模块和发送模块；
    所述处理模块，用于获取小数据传输SDT失败信息；
    所述发送模块，用于向第一接入网设备发送所述SDT失败信息。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，具体用于：
    接收来自终端设备的SDT失败信息。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：发送模块；
    所述发送模块，用于向第二接入网设备发送小数据传输SDT失败信息。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：接收模块和处理模块；
    所述接收模块，用于接收来自第一接入网设备的第一请求消息；所述第一请求消息用于请求核心网设备释放终端设备的非接入层NAS上下文，所述第一请求消息包括小数据传输SDT失败信息；
    所述处理模块，用于根据所述SDT失败信息释放所述终端设备的NAS上下文。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：发送模块；
    所述发送模块，用于向所述第一接入网设备发送确认消息；所述确认消息用于指示所述核心网设备已完成所述终端设备的NAS上下文的释放。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的通信方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的通信方法。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的通信方法。
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