WO2023123712A1 - Âme d'aube et aube - Google Patents

Âme d'aube et aube Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023123712A1
WO2023123712A1 PCT/CN2022/083301 CN2022083301W WO2023123712A1 WO 2023123712 A1 WO2023123712 A1 WO 2023123712A1 CN 2022083301 W CN2022083301 W CN 2022083301W WO 2023123712 A1 WO2023123712 A1 WO 2023123712A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber layer
blade
web
fiber
carbon fibers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/083301
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李正浛
袁渊
Original Assignee
江苏金风科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202111639510.XA external-priority patent/CN116412060B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202123382051.XU external-priority patent/CN217327544U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111640390.5A external-priority patent/CN114347576B/zh
Application filed by 江苏金风科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏金风科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023123712A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123712A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of wind power generating sets, and more specifically, the present disclosure relates to a blade web and a blade.
  • Wind turbines are used to convert wind energy into electrical energy. At present, as the single-unit capacity of wind turbines increases, longer blades are required to capture wind energy and convert it into electrical energy.
  • the blade consists of a suction side shell and a pressure side shell glued together, as well as a main beam and a web as a load-bearing part. As the blade becomes longer and longer, the length of the main girder and web is also longer and longer.
  • the material of the main girder and web has an impact on the weight, strength, stiffness and cost of the blade, so the above factors are considered comprehensively in the design Main girders and webs are very necessary.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a web and a blade capable of avoiding excessive tip deflection of the blade from interfering with the tower and reducing the risk of the blade sweeping the tower.
  • Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a light-weight, high-strength and high-rigidity web and blade.
  • Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a web and a blade that can effectively avoid resonance between the natural frequency of the blade and the frequency of the tower.
  • a web of a blade the web includes a core material and reinforcements respectively disposed on both sides of the core, wherein at least one of the reinforcements includes a third fiber layer and A fourth fiber layer, the third fiber layer and the fourth fiber layer are sequentially arranged from the root of the web towards the tip of the web, the third fiber layer includes glass fibers, the fourth The fiber layers comprise carbon fibers, the specific stiffness of the fourth fiber layer is greater than the specific stiffness of the third fiber layer, wherein the third fiber layer is arranged from the root of the web to 1% of the length of the web /2-2/3.
  • the web of the present disclosure excessive deflection of the blade tip and interference with the tower can be avoided, the risk of blade sweeping the tower can be reduced, the web of the blade tip section can meet the requirements of strength and stiffness, and the weight of the web can be reduced at the same time.
  • a blade comprising a web as described above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an installation state of a main beam and a web in a blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a girder and web according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of fiber layers in the main girder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of fiber layers in a main girder according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a spar for a segmented blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 is a chord-wise cross-sectional view of a web according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a spanwise cross-sectional view of a web according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIGS. 8-10 are schematic diagrams of blade root preforms according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of a blade according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 10 is the main beam
  • 10a is the first main beam section
  • 10b is the second main beam section
  • 10c is the bonding layer
  • 10d is the reinforcing layer
  • 11 is the first fiber layer
  • 12 is the second fiber layer 20 is the web
  • 21 is the core material
  • 22 is the reinforcement
  • 22a is the third fiber layer
  • 22b is the fourth fiber layer
  • 30 is the blade root prefabricated part
  • 31 is the bolt sleeve
  • 32 is the inner fiber layer
  • 33 34 is a barrier piece
  • 35 is a beveled transition piece
  • 100 is a blade
  • 101 is a pressure side shell
  • 102 is a suction side shell.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an installation state of a main beam and a web in a blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a part of a blade with the suction side (SS) and pressure side (PS) shells open.
  • SS suction side
  • PS pressure side
  • the blade 100 may include a pressure side shell 101 and a suction side shell 102 .
  • the pressure side shell 101 and the suction side shell 102 may be joined to each other by, for example, gluing to form a complete shell, providing a geometric airfoil through which the airflow passes.
  • the blade 100 may further include a spar 10 .
  • the main beam 10 can be arranged in the pressure side shell 101 and the suction side shell 102 as a load bearing component.
  • the blade 100 may comprise two main spars 10 arranged in a pressure side shell 101 and a suction side shell 102 respectively.
  • the blade 100 may also include a web 20 .
  • the web 20 may be supported between the pressure side shell 101 and the suction side shell 102 for carrying shear forces and bending moments.
  • the blade 100 may comprise two webs 20 which are separated from each other.
  • the number of webs 20 is not particularly limited.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a girder and web according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2 , two main beams 10 face each other in the thickness direction of the blade 100 , and two webs 20 face each other in the chord direction of the blade 100 and support the two main beams 10 .
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of fiber layers in the main beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of fiber layers in the main beam according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is Schematic illustration of a spar for a segmented blade according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • At least one of the two main beams 10 includes a first fiber layer 11 and a second fiber layer 12 .
  • the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 are from the root of the main beam 10 (the end of the main beam 10 close to the root of the blade 100) towards the tip of the main beam 10 (the end of the main beam near the blade tip of the blade 100)
  • the first fiber layer 11 includes glass fibers
  • the second fiber layer 12 includes carbon fibers
  • the specific stiffness of the second fiber layer 12 is greater than that of the first fiber layer 11 .
  • the first fiber layer 11 corresponding to the root section of the blade 100 includes glass fibers
  • the tip section of the blade 100 from the middle of the blade 100 part to the tip of the blade 100
  • the second fiber layer 12 corresponding to the carbon fiber and the specific stiffness of the second fiber layer 12 corresponding to the tip section of the blade 100 is greater than the first fiber layer 12 corresponding to the root section of the blade 100
  • the second fiber layer 12 includes carbon fibers, and the specific stiffness of the second fiber layer 12 is greater than that of the first fiber layer 11, the rigidity of the tip section of the blade 100 can be improved, thereby avoiding excessive tip deflection Interfere with the tower to reduce the risk of blade sweeping the tower.
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil (the maximum height/chord length of the airfoil) from the middle of the blade to the tip of the blade generally does not exceed 30%, that is, the thickness of the blade from the middle of the blade to the tip of the blade generally does not exceed 30%.
  • the cavity space in a region is small, and the main beam needs to meet the requirements of strength and rigidity in a small space, so by making the second fiber layer 12 corresponding to the tip section of the blade 100 include carbon fibers, the main body of the tip section can be made The beam meets the requirements of strength and rigidity, and at the same time can reduce the weight of the main beam, especially the weight of the main beam of the blade tip section.
  • the main girder may be entirely made of carbon fiber.
  • the manufacturing cost of the main girder will increase significantly.
  • the The application of glass fiber in the corresponding main girder 10 can reduce the manufacturing cost of the main girder.
  • the natural frequency of the blade 100 can be increased through the high frequency characteristic of the carbon fiber itself, and the resonance between the blade 100 and the tower can be avoided.
  • "at least one of the two main beams 10 includes the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12” may include the following situation: both main beams 10 include the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 The second fiber layer 12; one of the two main beams 10 includes the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12, and the other main beam 10 of the two main beams 10 includes other forms of fiber layers.
  • the first fiber layer 11 includes glass fibers.
  • the main components of glass fiber are silica, alumina, calcium oxide, boron oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, etc.
  • the amount of alkali in the glass it can be divided into non-alkali glass fiber (referred to as E glass fiber, sodium oxide 0% ⁇ 2%, belongs to aluminoborosilicate glass), medium alkali glass fiber (sodium oxide 8% ⁇ 12%) , boron-containing or boron-free soda-lime silicate glass) and high-alkali glass fiber (more than 13% sodium oxide, which belongs to soda-lime silicate glass).
  • the second fiber layer 12 includes carbon fibers.
  • Carbon fiber is a special fiber that includes carbon elements. Carbon fiber has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. High strength and modulus. The density of carbon fiber is small, so the specific strength and specific modulus are high.
  • the specific stiffness of the first fiber layer 11 and the specific stiffness of the second fiber layer 12 refer to the average specific stiffness of the first fiber layer 11 and the average specific stiffness of the second fiber layer 12 . That is to say, when the first fiber layer 11 has a plurality of fiber layers, and the second fiber layer 12 has a plurality of fiber layers, the specific stiffness of the first fiber layer 11 refers to the stiffness of a plurality of fiber layers of the first fiber layer 11 The average value of the specific stiffness of the second fiber layer 12 refers to the average value of the stiffness of multiple fiber layers of the second fiber layer 12 .
  • the first fiber layer 11 may include only glass fibers, and the second fiber layer 12 may include only carbon fibers.
  • the first fiber layer 11 may include only glass fibers
  • the second fiber layer 12 may include both glass fibers and carbon fibers.
  • the first fiber layer 11 includes both glass fibers and carbon fibers
  • the second fiber layer 12 includes both glass fibers and carbon fibers
  • the weight of carbon fibers per unit volume of the second fiber layer 12 is greater than that of the first fiber layer 12.
  • the glass fibers and carbon fibers are arranged in any one of the following ways: the glass fibers and carbon fibers are arranged in the thickness direction of the main beam of the blade Arranged in staggered layers, the glass fiber is arranged above the carbon fiber, and the glass fiber is arranged below the carbon fiber.
  • “above” and “below” are determined based on Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and “above” in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 may refer to an area near the outside of the blade, and “below” may refer to an area near the inner cavity of the blade.
  • the glass fibers and carbon fibers are arranged in any of the following ways: The direction is staggered, the glass fiber is arranged above the carbon fiber, and the glass fiber is arranged below the carbon fiber. "Above” and “below” are to be understood in a similar manner to the above description.
  • each of the two main beams 10 may include the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 in the manner described above.
  • the first fiber layer 11 includes only glass fibers
  • the second fiber layer 12 includes only carbon fibers.
  • one main beam 10 of the two main beams 10 when the blade 100 includes two main beams 10, one main beam 10 of the two main beams 10 includes a first fiber layer 11 and a second fiber layer 12, and the first fiber layer 11 Only glass fibers are included, the second fiber layer 12 only includes carbon fibers, and the other main beam 10 of the two main beams 10 also includes fiber layers, but its fiber layer only includes glass fibers and does not include carbon fibers.
  • the manufacturing cost of the main beam 10 can be further reduced while increasing the rigidity of the blade tip section of the main beam 10 .
  • the second fiber layer 12 including carbon fiber can be provided from the tip of the main beam 10 to more than 1/3 of the length of the main beam 10 .
  • the first fiber layer 11 can be arranged from the root of the main beam 10 to a region overlapping with the second fiber layer 12 .
  • the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 are staggered and overlapped together to form an overlapping area, thereby connecting the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 as a whole .
  • the overlapping length of the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 (referring to the length of the first fiber layer 11
  • the overlapping length formed by the single layer of the single layer and the single layer in the second fiber layer 12) is between 10cm-50cm. If the overlapping length is less than 10 cm, the strength of the main girder 10 at the overlapping point is insufficient, and if the overlapping length is greater than 50 cm, the weight of the main girder 10 will increase.
  • the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 may be overlapped in a stepped manner.
  • the main girder 10 can be avoided from being too thick in the overlapping area of the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 .
  • the thickness of the girder in the overlapping area can also be reduced by reducing the fiber density of the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 in the overlapping area.
  • the thickness of the fiber layer is related to the density of the fiber layer, and as the density of the fiber layer increases, the thickness of the fiber layer also increases. Therefore, by reducing the overlap between the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12
  • the fiber density in the joint area is used to reduce the thickness of the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 in the overlapping area, thereby avoiding the thickness of the main beam 10 in the overlapping area of the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 too thick.
  • the fiber density of the first fiber layer 11 in the overlapping area can be lower than that of the first fiber layer 11 in other areas, and the fiber density of the second fiber layer 12 in the overlapping area can be lower.
  • first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 shown in FIGS. The specific number of layers of the second fiber layer 12 and the second fiber layer 12 are not specifically limited, and can be designed according to the overall structural design of the blade 100 .
  • the main girder 10 may further include a resin covering and infiltrating the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 to form the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 . Therefore, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , cured resin is disposed between adjacent fiber layers of the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 .
  • the main girder 10 in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be manufactured in any of the following ways: the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 can be laid first in the main beam mold, and then the first The fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 are filled with resin and cured; or the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 can be manufactured into fiber prepregs, and then laid and cured in the main beam mold; or the second fiber layer can be manufactured A pultruded sheet of a fiber layer 11 and a second fiber layer 12 is then laid and formed.
  • the spar 10 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may also be suitable for segmented blades.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a main spar 10 for a segmented blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the main beam 10 may include a first main beam section 10 a and a second main beam section 10 b.
  • the first main beam section 10a and the second main beam section 10b may be connected to each other by an adhesive layer 10c and a reinforcing layer 10d.
  • the joining surface of the first main beam section 10a and the second main beam section 10b may be an inclined surface to increase The bonding area between the first main beam section 10a and the second main beam section 10b improves the bonding force.
  • the adhesive layer 10c may be formed using adhesive materials, and optionally, the adhesive layer 10c may include structural adhesive.
  • reinforcing layers 10d may also be provided on both sides of the bonding area of the main beam 10 .
  • the reinforcement layer 10d may be resin impregnated fibers.
  • the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and when the bonding strength of the bonding layer 10c is sufficient, the first main beam section 10a and the second main beam section 10b may be connected only through the bonding layer 10c.
  • first main beam section 10a and the second main beam section 10b may also be connected to each other by mechanical connectors (eg, bolts).
  • the first main beam section 10a may include a first fiber layer 11
  • the second main beam section 10b may include a second fiber layer 12
  • the specific materials of the first fiber layer 11 and the second fiber layer 12 may be The materials are the same as those described above with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , and are not repeated here to avoid redundancy.
  • the second main beam section 10b may be provided up to the tip of the main beam 10 to exceed 1/3 of the length of the main beam 10 .
  • the girder 10 in FIG. 5 can be manufactured in the following manner: a first girder section 10a can be made from a first fiber layer 11, a second girder section 10b can be made from a second fiber layer 12, and then The first main beam section 10a and the second main beam section 10b may be connected to each other.
  • the first fiber layer 11 can be laid and then filled with resin and cured to shape, or the first fiber layer 11 can be made into a fiber prepreg, and then cured to shape, or the first fiber layer can be manufactured 11 of the pultruded sheet, and then lay it into shape.
  • a similar manner can be used to manufacture the second main beam section 10b.
  • main beam of the embodiment of the present disclosure four technical effects can be achieved at the same time: 1. It can avoid excessive blade tip deflection from interfering with the tower, and reduce the risk of blade sweeping the tower; 2. Make the main beam of the blade tip section meet the strength and The requirement of rigidity can reduce the weight of the main girder, especially the weight of the main girder in the tip area; third, the manufacturing cost of the main girder can be reduced; fourth, the resonance between the blade and the tower can be avoided.
  • Figure 6 is a chordwise cross-sectional view of a web according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a spanwise cross-sectional view of a web according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the web 20 may include a core material 21 and reinforcing parts 22 respectively disposed on both sides of the core material 21 .
  • the reinforcing parts 22 arranged on both sides of the core material 21 are joined together at both ends of the core material 21 and bent in one direction, so that the web 20 as a whole forms a box-like structure similar to a C shape, To provide the strength and rigidity of the blade.
  • At least one of the two reinforcing parts 22 disposed on both sides of the core material 21 may include a third fiber layer 22a and a fourth fiber layer 22b.
  • the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b are from the root of the web 20 (the end of the web 20 near the root of the blade 100) towards the tip of the web 20 (the end of the web 20 near the tip of the blade 100 ). ) are arranged in sequence, the third fiber layer 22a includes glass fibers, the fourth fiber layer 22b includes carbon fibers, and the specific stiffness of the fourth fiber layer 22b is greater than the specific stiffness of the third fiber layer 22a.
  • the third fiber layer 22a corresponding to the blade root section of the blade 100 (the area from the root of the blade 100 to the middle part of the blade 100 along the blade span direction) comprises glass fibers
  • the blade tip section of the blade 100 (Area along the spanwise direction of the blade, from the middle part of the blade 100 to the tip of the blade 100)
  • the corresponding fourth fiber layer 22b includes carbon fibers
  • the specific stiffness of the fourth fiber layer 22b is greater than the specific stiffness of the third fiber layer 22a .
  • the fourth fiber layer 22b includes carbon fibers, and the specific stiffness of the fourth fiber layer 22b is greater than that of the third fiber layer 22a, the rigidity of the tip section of the blade 100 can be improved, thereby avoiding excessive tip deflection Interfere with the tower to reduce the risk of blade sweeping the tower.
  • the web mainly bears the shear force of the blade, especially from the 1/3 length from the blade tip to the blade tip.
  • the blade is relatively thin and soft, and the web needs to be The strength and stiffness requirements are met in a small space, so by making the fourth fiber layer 22b corresponding to the tip section of the blade 100 include carbon fibers, the web of the tip section can meet the requirements of strength and stiffness, and at the same time reduce the weight of the web. Weight, especially the weight of the tip section web.
  • the shell of the root section of the blade is relatively thick, the stiffness and frequency will not have a great impact on the web at the root section of the blade. Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by The application of glass fiber in the web 20 of the blade tip can reduce the manufacturing cost of the web, and the application of carbon fiber in the web 20 of the corresponding blade tip section can meet the rigidity and strength requirements of the blade tip section.
  • the natural frequency of the blade 100 can be increased through the high frequency characteristic of the carbon fiber itself, and the resonance between the blade 100 and the tower can be avoided.
  • each of the reinforcing parts 22 may include a third fiber layer 22a and a fourth fiber layer 22b.
  • the specific stiffness of the third fiber layer 22a and the specific stiffness of the fourth fiber layer 22b refer to the average specific stiffness of the third fiber layer 22a and the average specific stiffness of the fourth fiber layer 22b. That is to say, when the third fiber layer 22a has a plurality of fiber layers, and the fourth fiber layer 22b has a plurality of fiber layers, the specific stiffness of the third fiber layer 22a refers to the stiffness of the plurality of fiber layers of the third fiber layer 22a The average value of the specific stiffness of the fourth fiber layer 22b refers to the average value of the stiffness of multiple fiber layers of the fourth fiber layer 22b.
  • the third fiber layer 22a may include only glass fibers, and the fourth fiber layer 22b may include only carbon fibers.
  • the third fiber layer 22a may include only glass fibers, and the fourth fiber layer 22b may include both glass fibers and carbon fibers.
  • the third fiber layer 22a includes both glass fibers and carbon fibers
  • the fourth fiber layer 22b includes both glass fibers and carbon fibers
  • the weight of carbon fibers per unit volume of the fourth fiber layer 22b is greater than that of the third fiber layer 22a.
  • the weight of the carbon fiber per unit volume of the fiber layer 22a is to say, in the case that both the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b include glass fibers and carbon fibers, the arrangement density of the carbon fibers in the fourth fiber layer 22b is higher than the arrangement density of the carbon fibers in the third fiber layer 22a , so that the specific stiffness of the second fiber layer is higher than that of the first fiber layer.
  • the glass fibers and carbon fibers are arranged in any one of the following ways: the glass fibers and carbon fibers are arranged in the thickness direction of the blade web Arranged in staggered layers, the glass fiber is arranged above the carbon fiber, and the glass fiber is arranged below the carbon fiber.
  • “above” and “below” are determined based on FIG. 7 , and “above” may refer to a direction away from the core material 21 , and “below” may refer to a direction close to the core material 21 .
  • the glass fibers and carbon fibers are arranged in any one of the following ways: The direction is staggered, the glass fiber is arranged above the carbon fiber, and the glass fiber is arranged below the carbon fiber. "Above” and “below” are to be understood in a similar manner to the above description.
  • each of the two webs 20 may have the structure shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 .
  • Figure 6 only schematically shows the structure of the web, and the web can also be a structure similar to Z-shaped, similar to the "I"-shaped structure, etc., that is, as long as the web structure meets the force of the blade.
  • the blade 100 can also be a single web structure, that is, only one web 20 is arranged in the blade shell; or, the web can also be a structure integrally formed with the blade shell or the main beam.
  • the third fiber layer 22a may be arranged from the root of the web 20 to 1/2-2/3 of the length of the web 20 .
  • the fourth fiber layer 22b can be arranged from the tip of the web 20 to the area overlapped with the third fiber layer 22a, so as to meet the strength and rigidity requirements in a small space. Because the web mainly bears the shear force, the third fiber layer 22a is set from the root of the web 20 to the range of 1/2-2/3 of the length of the web 20, which can satisfy the load of the web. Force requirements, and at the same time can minimize the material cost of web manufacturing.
  • the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b are staggered and overlapped together to form an overlapping area, thereby connecting the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b as a whole.
  • the lap length of the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b (referring to the third fiber layer 22a in the The length of overlap between a single layer and a single layer in the fourth fiber layer 22b) is between 5 cm and 30 cm. If the overlapping length is less than 5 cm, the strength of the web 20 at the overlapping point is insufficient, and if the overlapping length is greater than 30 cm, the weight of the web 20 will increase.
  • the third fiber layer 22 a and the fourth fiber layer 22 b can be overlapped in a stepped manner. By setting in this way, it is possible to avoid excessive thickness of the web 20 in the overlapping region of the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b.
  • the thickness of the web in the overlapping area can also be reduced by reducing the fiber density of the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b in the overlapping area.
  • the thickness of the fiber layer is related to the density of the fiber layer, and as the density of the fiber layer increases, the thickness of the fiber layer also increases. Therefore, by reducing the overlap between the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b reduce the thickness of the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b in the overlapping area, thereby avoiding the thickness of the web 20 in the overlapping area of the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b too thick.
  • the fiber density of the third fiber layer 22a in the overlapping area can be lower than that of the third fiber layer 22a in other areas, and the fiber density of the fourth fiber layer 22b in the overlapping area can be lower.
  • the reinforcing part 22 may further include a resin covering and infiltrating the third fiber layer 22 a and the fourth fiber layer 22 b to shape the third fiber layer 22 a and the fourth fiber layer 22 b. Therefore, in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, cured resin is disposed between adjacent fiber layers of the third fiber layer 22a and the fourth fiber layer 22b.
  • the web 20 in FIGS. 6 and 7 can be manufactured in any of the following ways: laying a third fiber layer 22a and a fourth fiber layer 22b of reinforcement 22 in a web mould; laying The core material 21 ; laying the third fiber layer 22 a and the fourth fiber layer 22 b of another reinforcing part 22 on the core material 21 ; pouring resin to form the web 20 .
  • the web of the embodiment of the present disclosure four technical effects can be achieved at the same time: 1. It can avoid excessive blade tip deflection from interfering with the tower, and reduce the risk of blade sweeping tower; 2. Make the blade tip section web meet the strength and The demand for rigidity can reduce the weight of the web at the same time; third, the manufacturing cost of the web can be reduced; fourth, the resonance between the blade and the tower can be avoided.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 a blade root preform according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10 .
  • FIGS 8-10 are schematic diagrams of blade root preforms according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a blade root preform 30 includes bolt sleeves 31 arranged in a circumferential direction and a fiber layer covering the bolt sleeves 31 , the fiber layer including glass fibers and carbon fibers.
  • the blade root of the blade bears a large load, it is necessary to increase the strength of the blade root prefabricated part 30 .
  • the manufacturing cost is high, and on the other hand, the layering thickness of the blade root preform 30 is insufficient, which increases the risk of fracture.
  • the fiber layer include both glass fibers and carbon fibers, the following technical effects can be simultaneously achieved: meeting the strength requirements of the blade root preform 30 , reducing the fracture risk, manufacturing cost and weight of the blade root preform 30 .
  • the fiber layers may include an inner fiber layer 32 disposed radially inward of the bolt housing 31 and an outer fiber layer 33 disposed radially outward of the bolt housing 31 .
  • the specific number of layers of the inner fiber layer 32 and the outer fiber layer 33 is not specifically limited, and can be determined according to the structural design.
  • the inner fiber layer 32 is glass fiber
  • the outer fiber layer 33 is carbon fiber.
  • each layer of the inner fiber layer 32 is glass fiber
  • each layer of the outer fiber layer 33 is carbon fiber.
  • the inner fiber layer 32 is carbon fiber
  • the outer fiber layer 33 is glass fiber.
  • each layer of the inner fiber layer 32 is carbon fiber
  • each layer of the outer fiber layer 33 is glass fiber.
  • both the inner fiber layer 32 and the outer fiber layer 33 include glass fibers and carbon fibers (as shown in FIG. 10 ).
  • glass fibers and carbon fibers may be arranged in staggered layers. "Staggered arrangement" not only refers to the situation where glass fibers and carbon fibers are alternately arranged one by one, but also refers to the situation where two (three or more) glass fibers and carbon fibers are alternately arranged two (three or more).
  • the blade root preform 30 may further include a stopper 34 and a beveled transition piece 35 .
  • the blocking member 34 may be disposed at one end of the bolt sleeve 31 to prevent resin from pouring into the bolt sleeve 31 when the resin is poured.
  • the thickness (radial dimension) of the blocking member 34 may be equal to the radial dimension (dendrite of a single bolt pocket 31 ) of the bolt pocket 31 .
  • the beveled transition piece 35 can be disposed outside the blocking piece 34 , one end of the beveled transition piece 35 is in contact with the blocking piece 34 , and the other end of the beveled transition piece 35 extends away from the bolt sleeve 31 . From one end of the bevel transition piece 35 to the other end of the bevel transition piece 35, the thickness of the bevel transition piece 35 gradually decreases. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the oblique transition piece 35 , the thickness of the blade root preform 30 can be smoothly transitioned.
  • the blade root preform 30 can be manufactured by laying the outer fiber layer 33, laying the bolt sleeves 31, stoppers 34 and beveled transition pieces 35, then laying the inner fiber layer 32, and finally pouring resin to make the blade root The preform 30 is formed.
  • the embedded bolt sleeve type blade root prefabricated part 30 may also be a perforated blade root prefabricated part.
  • the perforated blade root prefabricated part does not require pre-embedded bolt sleeves, but after the fiber layer is laid and the resin is poured, it is carried out on one side of the blade root prefabricated part. Holes are drilled to form bolt holes arranged in a ring.
  • the blade root strength of the blade can be improved, and the fracture risk, manufacturing cost and weight of the blade root preform can be reduced.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of a blade according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 11 and 1 a blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 1 .
  • a blade 100 may include at least one of the spar 10 , the web 20 and the root preform 30 as described above.
  • a blade 100 may include all three of the spar 10 , the web 20 and the blade root preform 30 as described above.
  • the main beam 10 in the white area in FIG. 11 indicates that the fiber layer of the main beam 10 is glass fiber, and the main beam 10 in the gray area indicates that the fiber layer of the main beam 10 is carbon fiber.
  • the blade 100 may further include a main spar underlayment (not shown) disposed on the inner side (the side near the blade exterior) of each of the two main spars 10 and disposed on both main spars 10 .
  • Each of the main spar underlayment and the main spar upper layup includes carbon fibers and glass fibers sequentially arranged from the root of the blade 100 along the span direction of the blade 100 .
  • the load in each of the main spar underlayment and the main spar upper layup, by providing carbon fibers at the root section of the blade 100 and glass fibers at the tip section of the blade 100, the load can be increased.
  • the structural strength of the concentrated blade root section can be reduced, and the overall weight and manufacturing cost of the blade 100 can be reduced.
  • carbon fibers are arranged from the blade root of the blade 100 to 1/4-1/3 of the length of the blade 100, and the glass fibers and The carbon fibers overlap and are disposed spanwise of the blade 100 to the tip.
  • the blade 100 may be manufactured by the method described below.
  • the two half shells of the pressure side shell 101 and the suction side shell 102 need to be glued together by structural glue to form a blade.
  • the web 20 is bonded to the region corresponding to the main beam 10 of any one of the pressure side shell 101 and the suction side shell 102 (for example, the pressure side shell 101 in FIG.
  • the other mold of the pressure side shell 101 and the suction side shell 102 is turned over, and the two half shells are bonded together with structural adhesive.
  • the blades are bonded together, they need to undergo a curing process to form a blade with a firm structure.
  • blades of the embodiments of the present disclosure four technical effects can be achieved at the same time: 1. It can avoid the excessive deflection of the blade tip from interfering with the tower, and reduce the risk of blade sweeping the tower; 2. Make the blade tip section meet the requirements of strength and rigidity , while reducing the weight of the blade, especially the weight of the blade tip; third, reducing the manufacturing cost of the blade; and fourth, avoiding resonance between the blade and the tower.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une âme (20) d'une aube (100) et une aube (100) ; l'âme comprend un matériau de cœur (21) et une partie de renforcement (22) disposée sur chacun des deux côtés du matériau de cœur (21) ; au moins l'une des parties de renforcement (22) comprend une troisième couche de fibres (22a) et une quatrième couche de fibres (22b) ; la troisième couche de fibres (22a) et la quatrième couche de fibres (22b) sont disposées séquentiellement à partir de la partie de base de l'âme (20) vers la partie de pointe de l'âme (20) ; la troisième couche de fibres (22a) comprend des fibres de verre, la quatrième couche de fibres (22b) comprend des fibres de carbone, et la rigidité spécifique de la quatrième couche de fibres (22b) est supérieure à la rigidité spécifique de la troisième couche de fibres (22a) ; la troisième couche de fibres (22a) est disposée à partir de la partie de base de l'âme (20) jusqu'à 1/2-2/3 de la longueur de la partie d'âme (20). L'âme (20) peut empêcher la déflexion de la pointe d'aube d'être trop importante pour interférer avec le cadre de tour, réduisant le risque d'un raclage de l'aube sur la tour et permettant à l'âme de pointe d'aube de satisfaire aux exigences de résistance et de rigidité, tout en réduisant également le poids de l'âme, réduisant le coût de fabrication de l'âme, et empêchant une résonance entre l'aube (100) et le cadre de tour.
PCT/CN2022/083301 2021-12-29 2022-03-28 Âme d'aube et aube WO2023123712A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202123382051.X 2021-12-29
CN202111639510.X 2021-12-29
CN202111640390.5 2021-12-29
CN202111639510.XA CN116412060B (zh) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 叶片的腹板及叶片
CN202123382051.XU CN217327544U (zh) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 叶根预制件及叶片
CN202111640390.5A CN114347576B (zh) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 叶片的主梁及叶片

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1697924A (zh) * 2002-03-19 2005-11-16 Lm玻璃纤维制品有限公司 具有碳纤维尖部的风力涡轮机叶片
CN106438195A (zh) * 2016-10-26 2017-02-22 中材科技风电叶片股份有限公司 风电叶片的根部结构及其制造方法、风电叶片
CN111927701A (zh) * 2020-09-01 2020-11-13 国电联合动力技术(保定)有限公司 一种风电叶片腹板铺层结构及铺层方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1697924A (zh) * 2002-03-19 2005-11-16 Lm玻璃纤维制品有限公司 具有碳纤维尖部的风力涡轮机叶片
CN106438195A (zh) * 2016-10-26 2017-02-22 中材科技风电叶片股份有限公司 风电叶片的根部结构及其制造方法、风电叶片
CN111927701A (zh) * 2020-09-01 2020-11-13 国电联合动力技术(保定)有限公司 一种风电叶片腹板铺层结构及铺层方法

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