WO2023123276A1 - 基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统及其调控方法 - Google Patents

基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统及其调控方法 Download PDF

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WO2023123276A1
WO2023123276A1 PCT/CN2021/143346 CN2021143346W WO2023123276A1 WO 2023123276 A1 WO2023123276 A1 WO 2023123276A1 CN 2021143346 W CN2021143346 W CN 2021143346W WO 2023123276 A1 WO2023123276 A1 WO 2023123276A1
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Prior art keywords
network
water
heating
pipe
heat
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PCT/CN2021/143346
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高新勇
郑立军
金晶
鞠浩然
何晓红
李成磊
吴畅
梁诗雨
Original Assignee
华电电力科学研究院有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202111629309.3A external-priority patent/CN114440289B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111626239.6A external-priority patent/CN114440288B/zh
Application filed by 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 filed Critical 华电电力科学研究院有限公司
Priority to JP2022574448A priority Critical patent/JP7472322B2/ja
Priority to EP21944423.9A priority patent/EP4227586A4/en
Publication of WO2023123276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123276A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F24D19/1021—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves a by pass valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1083—Filling valves or arrangements for filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/242—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/325—Control of valves of by-pass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00—District heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of central heating, in particular to a pipe network heat storage system based on heat network supply and return main pipes connected in series and a control method thereof.
  • the conventional solution for the low efficiency of the cogeneration heating system is to increase the thermal energy storage equipment, and use the heat storage technology to store the abundant heat when the load is high, and use the heat storage device to supply external heat when the peak load is difficult. Supplement the insufficient heat supply capacity of cogeneration units due to the reduction of power generation load, and improve the power peak-shaving capacity of cogeneration units.
  • the existing patent "A Balanced Adjustment Method and Heat Supply System for Heat Storage and Release in Heat Power Network” uses the heat supply pipe network for heat storage, and the huge heat supply pipe network is a natural If the heat storage equipment of the heat supply network is used for heat storage to increase the peak-shaving capacity of the combined heat and power unit, a huge amount of construction investment costs can be saved, and the economy is significant.
  • this patented technology needs to add a large number of heat network water bypasses and valves and other related facilities, which also increases the construction investment cost to a certain extent. At the same time, the adjustment is complicated and difficult to achieve. Precise heating.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, so as to provide a pipe network heat storage system and control method based on heat network supply and return main pipes connected in series.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the first station of the heating network is used to increase the heat supply when the heating pipe network is storing heat, increase the water supply temperature and/or water supply flow rate of the heating network water, and, when the heat supply pipe network is releasing heat Reduce heat supply, reduce water supply temperature and/or water supply flow of heating network water;
  • the first regulating valve is used to be in a normally closed state when the heating pipe network is not storing or releasing heat so that the water flow of the heating network bypassing the heating network is zero, and it can be adjusted to Open to gradually increase the flow of heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass, and adjustably close to gradually reduce the heating network water flow passing through the heating network water bypass when exothermic;
  • the decompression device is used to reduce the pressure of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass until it is consistent with the pressure degree of the pressure measuring instrument, and then send it back to the return water pipe of the primary network.
  • a second regulating valve and a second temperature, pressure, and flow measuring instrument are provided on the water inlet pipeline connected to the primary network water supply pipe of the thermal station, and the water outlet pipeline connected to the primary network return pipe of the thermal power station is Equipped with a third regulating valve and a temperature and pressure measuring instrument;
  • the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve are used to adjustably close when the heating pipe network is storing heat and the first station of the heating network raises the temperature of the supply water of the heating network so that the water entering the heating station
  • the water flow of the heating network decreases, and the flow of water flowing through the heating network water bypass increases; and, when the heating pipe network releases heat and the first station of the heating network lowers the supply temperature of the heating network water
  • Adjustable opening increases the flow of heating network water entering the heating station, and decreases the flow of heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass.
  • the system further includes a water supply assembly
  • the water supply assembly includes a primary network water supply pipe, a water supply pump, a fourth regulating valve and a third temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument, the third temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument, the water supply pump and
  • the fourth regulating valve is sequentially arranged on the water supply pipe of the primary network along the water flow direction, and the water supply pipe of the primary network is connected with the water return pipe of the primary network;
  • a fourth temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument is provided at the upstream position of the water flow direction of the primary network return pipe at the junction of the primary network water supply pipe and the primary network return pipe, and the fourth regulating valve is used for The fourth temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument detects that the pressure in the return water pipe of the primary network is lower than the set pressure and opens when the fourth temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument detects that the pressure in the return water pipe of the primary network is not lower than Closed when pressure is set;
  • each heating period is determined.
  • the minimum heating network water flow required by the thermal station (unit: t/h, 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n), the water supply temperature of the heating network water of the heating pipe network and the return water temperature of the heating network water are respectively T 01 (unit: °C) and T 02 (unit: °C),
  • the maximum heat network water flow G s that can be used for heat storage in the heating period is determined by the maximum heat network water flow G r of the heat supply network,
  • the maximum possible value A max of j is determined;
  • the calculation method for determining the maximum possible value A max of j is as follows:
  • the heating pipe network When the heating pipe network is storing heat, increase the heat supply of the first station of the heating network, increase the water supply temperature and/or water supply flow rate of the heating network water, control the first regulating valve to be adjustable to open, and flow through The flow rate of the heating network water in the heating network water bypass gradually increases, and the decompression device reduces the pressure of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass to be consistent with the pressure degree of the pressure measuring instrument After that, return to the first station of the heating network through the return pipe of the primary network;
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pipe network heat storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a pipe network heat storage system based on the heating network supplying and returning the main pipe in series, including a heat supply pipe network, the water of the heat supply network flows in the heat supply pipe network, and the heat supply pipe
  • the network includes the first station 1 of the heating network, the heating station 2, the circulating water pump 3, the return water pipe 4 of the primary network and the water supply pipe 5 of the primary network.
  • the primary network side is connected; the number of heating stations 2 is n, n ⁇ 1, and the circulating water pump 3 drives the heating network water to flow between the first station 1 of the heating network, the heating station 2, the return water pipe 4 of the primary network and the water supply pipe 5 of the primary network.
  • the first station 1 of the heating network is used to provide heat
  • the circulating water pump 3 is used to promote the flow of water in the heating network
  • the water supply pipe 5 of the primary network connects the first station 1 of the heating network and the water inlet of the heating station 2, and the high-pressure and high-temperature heat
  • the network water is sent to the heating station 2
  • the primary network return pipe 4 is connected to the water outlet of the heating station 2 and the first station 1 of the heating network, and the cooled water from the heating network is sent back to the first station 1 of the heating network, and is pressurized by the circulating water pump 3
  • the drive enters the first station 1 of the heating network to be heated and then transported to the thermal station 2, thereby performing a cycle.
  • the huge heating pipe network is equivalent to natural heat storage equipment. This makes the total heat output from the first station 1 of the heating network increase, and the hot network water output from the first station 1 of the heating network can only go through the heat exchange of the thermal station 2 and then return to the first station 1 of the heating network. At this time, the first station 1 of the heating network has more After the supplied heat enters the thermal station 2, most of it is absorbed by the thermal station 2 and supplied to the outside, but not stored in the heating pipe network, resulting in excessive heat supply by the thermal station 2, resulting in energy waste.
  • a heating network water bypass 6 is installed between the primary network water supply pipe 5 and the primary network return water pipe 4;
  • the main function of the component is to adjust the flow and pressure of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6 .
  • the excess heat output by the first station 1 of the heating network no longer passes through the thermal station 2, but is transported to the primary network return water pipe 4 through the heating network water bypass 6, thereby realizing heating.
  • the excess heat output by the network head station 1 is stored in the primary network water supply pipe 5 and the primary network return water pipe 4, which can well exert the heat storage capacity of the heat supply pipe network.
  • the regulating assembly includes a first temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 61, a decompression device 63 and a first regulating valve 62, and the first temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 61, the decompression device 63 and the first regulating valve 62 are followed in sequence along the water flow direction.
  • the first temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 61 is used to detect the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the heating network water flowing into the heating network water bypass 6, thereby calculating the flow through the heating network water bypass 6
  • the heat of the heating network water; the first regulating valve 62 is used to regulate the flow of the heating network water in the heating network water bypass 6.
  • the first regulating valve 62 When no heat storage and no heat release, the first regulating valve 62 is in a normally closed state to make the heating network The flow rate of the water bypass 6 is zero. When storing heat, the first regulating valve 62 can be adjusted to open to increase the flow of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6. When releasing heat, the first regulating valve 62 can Regulatory closure reduces the grid water flow of the grid water bypass 6 .
  • the opening control method of the first regulating valve 62 is as follows: the heat supplied by the first station 1 of the heating network minus the heat flowing into each heating station 2 is the heat passing through the water bypass 6 of the heating network, which flows through the water side of the heating network as required The heat from the road 6 is used to adjust the opening of the first regulating valve 62.
  • a pressure measuring instrument 41 is provided at the upstream position of the water flow direction at the junction of the heating network water bypass 6 and the primary network return pipe 4, and the pressure measuring instrument 41 is used to detect the pressure of the heating network water in the primary network return pipe 4, and the decompression device 63 is used to reduce the pressure of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6, so that the pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure heating network water is reduced to be consistent with the pressure degree of the pressure measuring instrument 41, so that the heating network water is transported back smoothly once The network returns to the water pipe 4, and then returns to the first station 1 of the heating network.
  • the decompression device 63 includes a throttle decompression valve, an injection decompression device, and the like.
  • the first regulating valve 62 When the heat supply network is not storing or releasing heat, the first regulating valve 62 is controlled to be in a normally closed state, the flow of the heating network water bypass 6 is zero, and the heating network water output from the first station 1 of the heating network passes through the primary network for water supply
  • the pipe 5 is transported to the thermal station 2, and then transported back to the first station 1 of the heating network through the primary network return pipe 4, and the cycle continues;
  • the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network can be increased.
  • the specific implementation method can be to only increase the water supply temperature of the heating network water, or only increase the water supply flow rate of the heating network water, or increase at the same time
  • the water supply temperature and the water supply flow rate of the heating network water; control the first regulating valve 62 to adjustably open, and the flow rate of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6 increases; specifically, if only the water supply temperature of the heating network water is increased To improve the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network, it is necessary to reduce the water flow of the heating network entering the heating station 2 and increase the water flow of the heating network flowing through the water bypass 6 of the heating network; if only increasing the water supply of the heating network water To improve the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network by means of the flow rate, there is no need to change the flow rate of the heating network water entering the heating station 2, and the increased water supply flow of the heating network water will be led back to the first station of the heating
  • the hot network water flowing through the hot network water bypass 6 is high temperature and high pressure, and the decompression device 63 reduces the pressure of the hot network water flowing through the hot network water bypass 6 to the same pressure degree as the pressure measuring instrument 41. After that, return to the first station 1 of the heating network through the return pipe 4 of the primary network.
  • the specific implementation method can be to only reduce the water supply temperature of the heating network water, or only reduce the water supply flow rate of the heating network water, or reduce at the same time The water supply temperature and the water supply flow rate of the heating network water; control the first regulating valve 62 to adjustably close, and the flow rate of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6 is reduced; specifically, if only the water supply temperature of the heating network water is reduced To reduce the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network, it is necessary to increase the flow of water in the heating network entering the heating station 2, reduce the flow of water in the heating network flowing through the water bypass 6 of the heating network, and gradually open the first regulating valve 62 decrease; if only reducing the water supply flow rate of the heating network water is used to reduce the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network, there is no need to change the flow rate of the heating network water entering the heating station 2, and gradually reduce the bypass 6 of the water flowing through
  • Heat storage in the heating pipe network means that when the thermal power unit participates in grid peak regulation and needs to reduce the output of the unit, the output of the unit is reduced by increasing the heat supply and extraction flow of the thermal power unit.
  • the heat load is stored by the heat storage system of the pipe network. Since the thermal power unit increases the steam extraction flow, the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heat network increases. If the water bypass 6 of the heat network is not set, the excess heat will be output from the heat station 2, resulting in waste.
  • the pipe network heat storage system of this embodiment controls the first regulating valve 62 to be adjustable to open when heat storage is required.
  • Part of the heating network water in the primary network water supply pipe 5 does not flow through the thermal power station 2, but directly returns to the primary network return water pipe 4 through the heating network water bypass 6, and the other part of the heating network water continues to flow through the thermal power station 2 and flows
  • the increased heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network is stored between the primary network return water pipe 4, the heating network water bypass 6 and the primary network water supply pipe 5, and the heating network water corresponding to the increased heat supply is stored in the primary network Flow in the return water pipe 4 and the primary network water supply pipe 5 to avoid waste.
  • the heat supply of the thermal station 2 remains unchanged.
  • the temperature and pressure of the hot network water in the primary network return pipe 4 after passing through the thermal station 2 are relatively low.
  • decompression device 63 on heating network water bypass 6 utilize decompression device 63 to reduce the water in heating network water bypass 6
  • the high-pressure heating network water is depressurized so that its pressure is consistent with the heating network water at the upstream position of the primary network return water pipe 4 at the junction of the primary network return water pipe 4 and the heating network water bypass 6, and the heating network water bypass 6
  • the water flow can be normally discharged into the return water pipe 4 of the primary network, and then transported back to the first station 1 of the heating network.
  • the heat release of the heating pipe network means that when the thermal power unit is required to participate in the peak regulation of the power grid and the output of the unit needs to be increased, the output of the unit is increased by reducing the heating and extraction flow of the thermal power unit. At this time, the thermal power unit reduces the extraction flow.
  • the heating load needs to be satisfied by the release of heat stored in the heating pipe network. Taking the heat supply reduction method of the first station 1 of the heating network as an example, the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network is reduced by only reducing the water supply temperature of the heating network water.
  • the temperature of the heating network water decreases, and the first regulating valve 62 is controlled to be adjustable to close, the flow of the heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6 decreases, and the flow of the heating network water entering the heating station 2 increases, ensuring the heating of the heating station 2
  • the heating load is always in balance. At this time, it is necessary to combine the peak-shaving demand arrangement of the thermal power unit and the heat storage capacity of the heating pipe network to determine whether to end the heat release procedure. If the thermal power unit continues to increase the peaking demand of the unit output, until the heat stored in the heating pipe network is released, the heat release process of the heating pipe network is ended.
  • the total heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network is equal to that of each thermal station 2, the first regulating valve 62 is completely closed; if the heat supply network still has stored heat and the thermal power unit has a peak-shaving demand to reduce output, it is necessary to end the heat release process of the heat supply network and enter the heat storage process , at this time, the opening degree of the first regulating valve 62 is increased, and a new round of heat storage procedure is performed.
  • the above-mentioned embodiment describes three adjustment methods for changing the heat supply at the first station of the heating network.
  • a second regulating valve 21 and a second temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 23 are provided on the water inlet pipeline connected between the thermal power station 2 and the primary network water supply pipe 5, and a second regulating valve 21 and a second temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 23 are provided on the water outlet pipeline connected between the thermal power station 2 and the primary network return pipe 4.
  • the second regulating valve 21 and the third regulating valve 22 are used to regulate the flow of water in the heating network of the thermal station 2, and can also assist in regulating the water flow through the bypass 6 of the heating network. water flow in the heating network.
  • the second temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 23 is used to detect the temperature, pressure and flow of the heating network water entering the thermal station 2
  • the temperature and pressure measuring instrument 24 is used to detect the temperature and pressure of the heating network water coming out of the thermal station 2 . According to the total heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network and the heat demand of each thermal station 2, the heat flowing into the thermal station 2 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve 21 and the third regulating valve 22 of each thermal station 2.
  • the network water flow is directly regulated by the second regulating valve 21 and the third regulating valve 22, and the heat supply load balance of the thermal station 2 is easier to regulate.
  • the quantity of the second regulating valve 21, the second temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 23, the third regulating valve 22 and the temperature and pressure measuring instrument 24 is adapted to the quantity of the thermal station 2, and the quantity of the thermal station 2 is n, then the second The number of the regulating valve 21 , the second temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 23 , the third regulating valve 22 and the temperature and pressure measuring instrument 24 is also n, and n is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the second regulating valve 21 and the third regulating valve 22 are used to adjustably close during heat storage so that the flow of hot network water entering the thermal station 2 is reduced, and the flow of hot network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6 is increased. , when the heat is released, it can be adjusted to open to increase the flow of heating network water entering the thermal station 2, and to decrease the flow of heating network water flowing through the heating network water bypass 6.
  • the second temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 23 and the temperature and pressure measuring instrument 24 are respectively arranged on the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline of the thermal station 2, which can be based on the total heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network (specifically reflected in the first station entering and leaving the heating network) 1’s heating network water temperature and flow rate) and the demanded heat of each thermal station 2 (specifically reflected in the temperature and flow rate of the heating network water entering and leaving the thermal station 2) to adjust the opening of the second regulating valve 21 and the third regulating valve 22 to ensure that the heating load of thermal station 2 is in a balanced state.
  • the specific regulation method is as follows:
  • the heating pipe network When the heating pipe network is storing heat, increase the heat supply of the first station 1 of the heating network, increase the temperature of the water in the heating network, control the second regulating valve 21 and the third regulating valve 22 to adjustably close, and enter each heating station 2
  • the water flow of the heating network decreases, and the water flow of the heating network flowing through the water bypass 6 of the heating network increases;
  • the water outlet of the first station 1 of the heating network is provided with an outlet regulating valve 13 for adjusting the water supply flow of the heating network water
  • the water inlet of the first station of the heating network is provided with a water inlet regulating valve 14 for
  • the circulating water pump 3 is set at the position where the return water pipe 4 of the primary network is close to the water inlet of the first station 1 of the heating network
  • the outlet of the first station 1 of the heating network is also provided with a fifth
  • the temperature, pressure and flow measuring instrument 12 is used to detect the temperature, pressure and flow rate of the heating network water coming out of the first heating network station 1.
  • the water inlet of the heating network first station 1 is also provided with another fourth temperature, pressure and flow measuring instrument 11, It is used to detect the temperature, pressure and flow of the heating network water entering the first station 1 of the heating network.
  • the adjustable opening and adjustable closing of the regulating valve in this embodiment refers to the adjustment of the opening degree of the regulating valve between fully open and fully closed; specifically, the second adjustment of the thermal station 2
  • the opening adjustment of the valve 21 and the third regulating valve 22 needs to be adjusted according to the heat demanded by the thermal stations 2 , so as to control the heat flowing into each thermal station 2 .
  • the heat supplied by the first station 1 of the heating network minus the heat flowing into each heating station 2 is the heat flowing through the water bypass 6 of the heating network.
  • the heat flowing through the water bypass 6 of the heating network is adjusted according to the need.
  • the first regulating valve 62 can be fully opened or partially opened or fully closed.
  • the pipe network heat storage system of this embodiment also includes a water supply assembly, which includes a primary network water supply pipe 7, a water supply pump 71, a fourth regulating valve 72 and a third temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 73, the third temperature and pressure flow Measuring instrument 73 , supplementary water pump 71 and fourth regulating valve 72 are sequentially arranged on the primary network water supply pipe 7 along the heating network water direction, and the primary network water supply pipe 7 is connected with the primary network return water pipe 4 .
  • a fourth temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument 11 is provided at the upstream position of the water flow direction of the primary network return pipe 4 at the junction of the primary network water replenishment pipe 7 and the primary network return pipe 4, and the heating network water first passes through the fourth temperature.
  • the fourth regulating valve 72 is used to open when the fourth temperature-pressure-flow measuring instrument 11 detects that the pressure in the primary network return pipe 4 is lower than the set pressure and when the fourth temperature-pressure-flow measuring instrument 11 detects that the primary network return pipe 4 Closed when the pressure in the valve is not lower than the set pressure.
  • the fourth regulating valve 72 is opened, and the replenishment pump 71 replenishes water to the primary network return pipe 4;
  • the fourth regulating valve 72 is closed, and the supplementary water pump 71 stops supplying water.
  • the heating network water bypass 6 is set at the jth thermal station 2, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ n, and the pressure measuring instrument 41 is set on the primary network return pipe 4 at the jth thermal station 2, in order to improve The heat storage effect of the pipe network, optimize the setting position of the water bypass 6 of the heating network, and the water bypass 6 of the heating network is set at the jth heat station 2, and j is designed according to the following method:
  • the minimum heat storage Q min required by the heat supply network (unit: GJ) is known parameters;
  • the supply water temperature and return water temperature of the heating network water in the heating pipe network are T 01 (unit: °C) and T 02 (unit: °C), respectively, which is Known preset parameters, the actual temperature can be measured by the first temperature and pressure flow measuring instrument and the second temperature, pressure and flow measuring instrument, and correspondingly adjusted to the preset parameters; based on this, the minimum heating network water flow for:
  • the maximum heat network water flow G s that can be used for heat storage in the heating period is determined by the maximum heat network water flow G r of the heat supply network,
  • the maximum possible value A max of j is determined; among them, the design head of the circulating water pump H 0 (unit: m), the equivalent absolute roughness of the heating pipe network is K (unit: m), and the local resistance equivalent length percentage of the heating pipe network is (unit: %), the length and diameter of the pipe section connected to each heat station in the heating pipe network are Li (unit: m) and D i (unit: m) respectively, which are known parameters during design;
  • the final value of j is A max , if the heat dissipation loss rate and water leakage loss rate of the heating pipe network are not equal to When it can be ignored, the final value of j is B min .
  • the heat dissipation loss rate is calculated based on the water parameters of the heating network measured by various measuring instruments, and the water leakage loss rate is determined based on the water replenishment amount of the water replenishment component.
  • the heat dissipation loss rate and water leakage loss rate of the heating pipe network are better than the advanced level value in the industry, the heat dissipation loss rate and water leakage loss rate of the heating pipe network can be ignored, and the advanced level value in the industry refers to CJJ/T185-
  • the water leakage loss rate should not be greater than 0.3%, and the heat dissipation loss rate should be calculated according to the temperature drop along the way not greater than 0.1°C/Km.
  • the design head H0 of the circulating water pump is a known parameter
  • K (unit: m) is the equivalent absolute roughness of the heating pipe network
  • (unit: %) is the percentage of local resistance equivalent length of the heating pipe network
  • L i (unit: m, 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n) is the length of the pipe section connecting the heating pipe network to each heat station
  • D i (unit: m , 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n) is the diameter of the pipe section connecting the heating pipe network to each thermal station
  • ⁇ unit: kg/m3 is the density of water in the heating network.
  • the calculation method for determining the minimum value B min of j according to the minimum heat storage required by the heating pipe network is:
  • the value of j is obtained, and the setting position of the water bypass 6 of the heating network is determined to meet the use requirements of heat storage in the pipe network.

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Abstract

一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统及其调控方法，包括供热管网，供热管网包括热网首站（1）、热力站（2）、循环水泵（3）、一次网回水管（4）和一次网供水管（5），一次网供水管（5）与一次网回水管（4）之间安装有热网水旁路（6）；热网水旁路（6）上设有调节组件，用于调整流经热网水旁路（6）的热网水的流量和压力，利用现有供热管网实现蓄热和放热功能。针对热电联产供热系统，充分利用现有庞大供热管网的储热能力，来增加热电联产机组的调峰能力，节省了新建储能装置的巨大投资成本。

Description

基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统及其调控方法 技术领域
本发明涉及集中供热技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统及其调控方法。
背景技术
热电联产作为电力、热力行业能源高效清洁利用的重要途径，成为世界各国火力发电发展的重要方式，被列入我国重点节能工程和清洁供热主要途径。近年来，新能源发电的快速发展，给火力发电带来了严峻的电力调峰形势要求，然而，常规热电联产机组以热定电的运行方式使得火电灵活调节严重受限，致使供热与电力调峰严重冲突。
目前针对热电联产供热系统效率低下的常规方案是增加热力储能设备，通过储热技术将机组在负荷较高时把富裕的热量储存起来，调峰困难时利用储热装置对外供热，补充热电联产机组由于发电负荷降低带来的供热能力不足，提高热电联产机组的电力调峰能力。然而这大大增加了企业的建设投资成本。
现有专利《一种用于热力网蓄放热的平衡调节方法及供热系统》(申请号：CN202110294128.3)则是通过利用供热管网进行储热，庞大的供热管网是天然的储热设备，如果利用供热管网进行储热，来增加热电联产机组的调峰能力，则可以节省巨额的建设投资成本，经济性显著。但是，该种技术在供热系统的热力站数量过多时，该专利技术需要增加大量的热网水旁路及阀门等相关设施，一定程度上也增加了建设投资成本，同时调节复杂，难以达到精准供热。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的缺陷，从而提供一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统及调控方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，包括供热管网，所述供热管网包括热网首站、热力站、循环水泵、一次网回水管和一次网供水管，所述热网首站通过所述一次网回水管和所述一次网供水管与所述热力站的一次网侧连通；所述热力站的数量为n，n≥1，所述循环水泵驱动热网水在所述热网首站、所述热力站、所述一次网回水管和所述一次网供水管之间流动，其中，
所述一次网供水管与所述一次网回水管之间安装有热网水旁路；所述热网水旁路上设有调节组件，用于调整流经所述热网水旁路的热网水的流量和压力；所述调节组件包括第一温压流测量仪、减压装置和第一调节阀，所述第一温压流测量仪、所述减压装置和所述第一调节阀沿水流动方向依次设置在所述热网水旁路上；在所述热网水旁路与所述一次网回水管的连接处的所述一次网回水管的水流方向上游位置设有压力测量仪；
所述热网首站的出水口设有出水调节阀，所述热网首站的进水口设有进水调节阀，所述出水调节阀用于调节热网水的供水流量；所述进水调节阀用于调节热网水的回水流量；
所述热网首站用于在所述供热管网进行蓄热时增加供热量，提高热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量，和，在所述供热管网进行放热时减少供热量，降低热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量；
所述第一调节阀用于在所述供热管网不蓄热与不放热时处于常闭状态使 所述热网水旁路的热网水流量为零，在蓄热时可调节地开放使流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐步增加，在放热时可调节地关闭使流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐步减少；
所述减压装置用于将流经所述热网水旁路的热网水降压至与所述压力测量仪的压力度数一致后输送回所述一次网回水管。
优选地，所述热力站与所述一次网供水管连接的进水管路上设有第二调节阀和第二温压流测量仪，所述热力站与所述一次网回水管连接的出水管路上设有第三调节阀和温压测量仪；
所述第二调节阀和所述第三调节阀用于在所述供热管网进行蓄热且所述热网首站提高热网水的供水温度时可调节地关闭使进入所述热力站的热网水流量减少，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量增加；以及，在所述供热管网进行放热且所述热网首站降低热网水的供水温度时可调节地开放使进入所述热力站的热网水流量增加，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量减少。
优选地，系统还包括补水组件，所述补水组件包括一次网补水管、补水泵、第四调节阀和第三温压流测量仪，所述第三温压流测量仪、所述补水泵和所述第四调节阀沿水流方向依次设置在所述一次网补水管上，所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管连接；
在所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管的连接处的所述一次网回水管的水流方向上游位置设有第四温压流测量仪，所述第四调节阀用于在所述第四温压流测量仪检测到所述一次网回水管中的压力低于设定压力时开启以及在所述第四温压流测量仪检测到所述一次网回水管中的压力不低于设定压力时关闭；
所述热网首站的出水口设有第五温压流测量仪。
优选地，所述热网水旁路设置在第j个热力站处，1≤j≤n，所述压力测量仪设在第j个热力站处的所述一次网回水管上。
优选地，所述热网水旁路设置在第j个热力站处中的j依据下列方法计算所得：
根据所述循环水泵的设计流量G 0(单位：t/h)来确定供热管网的最大热网水流量G r，
G r＝G 0；
根据热电联产机组进行电力调峰时需要的储热量来确定供热管网所需的最小储热量Q min(单位：GJ)；
根据采暖期各所述热力站所需的最大供热负荷W i(单位：GJ/h，1≤i≤n)与所述供热管网的最大热网供回水温差来确定采暖期各所述热力站所需的最小热网水流量
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000001
(单位：t/h，1≤i≤n)，所述供热管网的热网水的供水温度和热网水的回水温度分别为T 01(单位：℃)和T 02(单位：℃)，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000002
根据采暖期各热力站所需的最小热网水流量
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000003
与供热管网的最大热网水流量G r来确定采暖期供热管网可用于蓄热的最大热网水流量G s，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000004
根据循环水泵的设计扬程H 0(单位：m)与采暖期供热管网连接各热力站的不同管段阻力损失来确定j的最大可取值A max；
根据供热管网所需的最小储热量来确定j的最小可取值B min；
根据如下关系式确定j的最终取值：
当B min≥A max时，j的最终取值为A max；
当B min＜A max时，此时若供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率可以忽略时，j的最终取值为A max，若供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率不可以忽略时，j的最终取值为B min。
优选地，根据循环水泵的设计扬程H 0(单位：m)与采暖期供热管网连接各热力站的不同管段阻力损失来确定j的最大可取值A max的计算方式为：
计算连接各热力站的不同管段中热网水流量
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000005
公式为，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000006
计算连接各热力站的不同管段沿程阻力损失R x(单位：Pa/m)，公式为，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000007
计算采暖期供热管网的总压降，公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000008
进行循环水泵的设计扬程H 0与采暖期供热管网的总压降的对比，根据关系式，10×H 0≥0.002×P z，得出j的最大可取值为A max；
其中，循环水泵的设计扬程H 0为已知参数，K(单位：m)为供热管网的当量绝对粗糙度，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000009
(单位：％)为供热管网的局部阻力当量长度百分比，L i(单位：m，1≤i≤n)为供热管网连接各热力站的管段长度，和D i(单位：m，1≤i≤n)为供热管网连接各热力站的管段直径，ρ(单位：kg/m 3)为热网水的密度。
优选地，根据供热管网所需的最小储热量来确定j的最小可取值B min的计算方式为：
供热管网的设计储热量计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000010
其中，
根据关系式：Q e≥Q min，得出j的最小值为B min，其中，ρ(单位：kg/m 3)为热网水的密度，C(单位：J/(kg·℃))为热网水的比热容。
为实现上述目的，本发明还采用了如下技术方案：
一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热调控方法，采用上述管网蓄热系统，包括如下方法：
所述供热管网不蓄热与不放热时，控制所述第一调节阀处于常闭状态，所述热网水旁路的热网水流量为零，由所述热网首站输出的热网水经过所述一次网供水管输送至所述热力站，而后通过一次网回水管输送回所述热网首站，持续循环；
所述供热管网进行蓄热时，提高所述热网首站的供热量，提高热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量，控制所述第一调节阀可调节地开放，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐渐增加，所述减压装置将流经所述热网水旁路的热网水进行降压，降至与所述压力测量仪的压力度数一致后，通过所述一次网回水管返回所述热网首站；
所述供热管网进行放热时，减少所述热网首站的供热量，降低热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量，控制所述第一调节阀可调节地关闭，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐步减少。
优选地，所述热力站与所述一次网供水管连接的进水管路上设有第二调节阀和第二温压流测量仪，所述热力站与所述一次网回水管连接的出水管路上设有第三调节阀和温压测量仪；
所述供热管网进行蓄热时，提高所述热网首站的供热量，提高热网水的供水温度，控制所述第二调节阀和所述第三调节阀可调节地关闭，进入各所述热力站的热网水流量减少，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量增加；
所述供热管网进行放热时，减少所述热网首站的供热量，降低热网水的供水温度，控制所述第二调节阀和所述第三调节阀可调节地开放，进入各所述热力站的热网水流量增加，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量减少。
优选地，方法还包括补水步骤：
包括补水组件，所述补水组件包括一次网补水管、补水泵、第四调节阀和第三温压流测量仪，所述第三温压流测量仪、所述补水泵和所述第四调节阀沿水流方向依次设置在所述一次网补水管上，所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管连接；在所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管的连接处的所述一次网回水管的水流方向上游位置设有第四温压流测量仪；
根据所述第四温压流测量仪读取的压力数据，当所述一次网回水管中的压力低于设定压力时，所述第四调节阀开启，所述补水泵对一次网回水管进行补水；当所述一次网回水管中的压力不低于设定压力时，所述第四调节阀关闭，所述补水泵停止补水。
相比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
上述技术方案中所提供的管网蓄热系统及调控方法，利用连接在一次网供水管和一次网回水管之间的热网水旁路，在适当的时间改变流经热力站的热网水流量和热网水温度，实现利用管网蓄热的功能。针对热电联产供热系统，充分利用现有庞大供热管网的储热能力，来增加热电联产机组的调峰能力，节省了新建储能装置的巨大投资成本；同时，在储热过程中，通过热网水旁路，实现了部分热网水不经过热力站，而直接返回至一次网回水管，减少了供热系统的压力损失，有效节约了循环水泵的耗电量；在储放热过程中，通过调节热网水旁路的热网水流量，来保证各个热力站所需的热网水流量，在充分发挥现有供热管网储热能力的同时，还有效保证了各个热力站的供热需求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将 对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的实施方式中提供的管网蓄热系统的示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、热网首站；11、第四温压流测量仪；12、第五温压流测量仪；13、出水调节阀；14、进水调节阀；2、热力站；21、第二调节阀；22、第三调节阀；23、第二温压流测量仪；24、温压测量仪；3、循环水泵；4、一次网回水管；41、压力测量仪；5、一次网供水管；6、热网水旁路；61、第一温压流测量仪；62、第一调节阀；63、减压装置；7、一次网补水管；71、补水泵；72、第四调节阀；73、第三温压流测量仪。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安 装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如附图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，包括供热管网，热网水在供热管网中流动，供热管网包括热网首站1、热力站2、循环水泵3、一次网回水管4和一次网供水管5，热网首站1通过一次网回水管4和一次网供水管5与热力站2的一次网侧连通；热力站2的数量为n，n≥1，循环水泵3驱动热网水在热网首站1、热力站2、一次网回水管4和一次网供水管5之间流动。
具体的，热网首站1用于提供供热量，循环水泵3用于推动热网水流动，一次网供水管5连接热网首站1与热力站2的进水口，将高压高温的热网水输送至热力站2，一次网回水管4连接热力站2的出水口与热网首站1，将降温降压后的热网水输送回热网首站1，经由循环水泵3加压驱动进入热网首站1加热后再输送至热力站2，由此进行循环。
针对热电联产供热系统，庞大的供热管网相当于天然的储热设备，但是当通过提升热网首站1的供水温度来发挥供热管网的蓄热能力时，由于供水温度增加使得热网首站1输出的总热量增加，而热网首站1输出的热网水首先只能经过热力站2换热后再返回至热网首站1，此时热网首站1多供出的热量进入热力站2后，大部分被热力站2吸收后对外供出，而没有储存在供热管网里，致使热力站2过量供热，造成了能源浪费。
因此，本发明实施例中的管网蓄热系统中，一次网供水管5与一次网回水管4之间安装有热网水旁路6；热网水旁路6上设有调节组件，调节组件的主要 作用在于，调节流经热网水旁路6的热网水的流量和压力。本发明实施例通过设置热网水旁路6，使得热网首站1输出的多余热量不再经过热力站2，而是通过热网水旁路6输送至一次网回水管4，从而实现热网首站1输出的多余热量储存在一次网供水管5与一次网回水管4，很好地发挥供热管网的蓄热能力。
具体的，调节组件包括第一温压流测量仪61、减压装置63和第一调节阀62，第一温压流测量仪61、减压装置63和第一调节阀62沿水流动方向依次设置在热网水旁路6上；第一温压流测量仪61用于检测流入热网水旁路6中的热网水的温度、压力和流量，从而计算通过热网水旁路6的热网水的热量；第一调节阀62用于调节热网水旁路6中的热网水的流量，在不蓄热与不放热时，第一调节阀62处于常闭状态使热网水旁路6的流量为零，在蓄热时，第一调节阀62可调节地开放使流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量增加，在放热时，第一调节阀62可调节地关闭使热网水旁路6的热网水流量减少。第一调节阀62的开度控制方式如下：热网首站1的供热量减去流入各热力站2的热量，就是经过热网水旁路6的热量，根据需要流经热网水旁路6的热量，来调节第一调节阀62的开度，热网首站1的供热量和热力站2所需的热量均为可知参数。在蓄热时，将第一调节阀62的开度调大，使流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量增加，当需要流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量为最大设定值时，可将第一调节阀62完全打开；在放热时，将第一调节阀62的开度调小，若需要将供热管网中存储的热量完全放出，则可将第一调节阀62的开度调至最小，第一调节阀62完全关闭，使流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量减少，直至减少为零；若不需要将供热管网中存储的热量完全放出，则可将第一调节阀62的开度适当调小，使流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量减少至设定值即可。
在热网水旁路6与一次网回水管4连接处的水流方向上游位置设有压力测量仪41，压力测量仪41用于检测一次网回水管4中的热网水的压力，减压装置63用于将流经热网水旁路6的热网水进行降压，使高温高压的热网水的压力降低至与压力测量仪41的压力度数一致，使热网水平稳地输送回一次网回水管4，进而输回热网首站1。减压装置63包括节流减压阀、引射减压器等。
本实施例的管网蓄热调控方法如下：
供热管网不蓄热与不放热时，控制第一调节阀62处于常闭状态，热网水旁路6的流量为零，由热网首站1输出的热网水经过一次网供水管5输送至热力站2，而后通过一次网回水管4输送回热网首站1，持续循环；
供热管网进行蓄热时，提高热网首站1的供热量，具体实现方式可以为，仅提高热网水的供水温度，或，仅提高热网水的供水流量，或，同时提高热网水的供水温度和供水流量；控制第一调节阀62可调节地开放，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量增加；具体的，若采用仅提高热网水的供水温度的方式来提高热网首站1的供热量，则需减少进入热力站2的热网水流量，提高流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量；若采用仅提高热网水的供水流量的方式来提高热网首站1的供热量，则无需改变进入热力站2的热网水流量，将增加的热网水的供水流量通过热网水旁路6引回热网首站1即可；若同时提高热网水的供水温度和供水流量，则需要减少进入热力站2的热网水流量，提高流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量。
此时流经热网水旁路6的热网水为高温高压，减压装置63将流经热网水旁路6的热网水进行降压，降至与压力测量仪41的压力度数一致后，通过一次网回水管4返回热网首站1。
供热管网进行放热时，减少热网首站1的供热量，具体实现方式可以为，仅降低热网水的供水温度，或，仅降低热网水的供水流量，或，同时降低热网水的供水温度和供水流量；控制第一调节阀62可调节地关闭，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量减少；具体的，若采用仅降低热网水的供水温度的方式来减少热网首站1的供热量，则需增加进入热力站2的热网水流量，减少流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量，第一调节阀62的开度逐渐减小；若采用仅降低热网水的供水流量的方式来降低热网首站1的供热量，则无需改变进入热力站2的热网水流量，逐步减少流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量，第一调节阀62的开度逐渐减小；若同时减少热网水的供水温度和供水流量，则需要增加进入热力站2的热网水流量，降低流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量，第一调节阀62的开度逐渐减小。
供热管网蓄热指的是，热电机组参与电网调峰需要降低机组出力时，通过增加热电机组的供热抽汽流量来降低机组出力，此时，热电机组增加抽汽流量产生的多余供热负荷利用管网蓄热系统储存，由于热电机组增加抽汽流量，热网首站1的供热量增加，若没有设置热网水旁路6，多余热量则会从热力站2输出，造成浪费。
以热网首站1的供热量增加方式为仅提高热网水的供水温度为例，本实施例的管网蓄热系统在需要蓄热时，控制第一调节阀62可调节地开放，一次网供水管5中的部分热网水不流经热力站2，而是直接通过热网水旁路6回到一次网回水管4中，另一部分热网水继续流经热力站2，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量根据热网首站1的总供热量(热量＝流量×温差×比热容，下文有相关公式)，减去各热力站2的需求热量获得，此时，热网首站1增加的供热量储存在一次网回水管4、热网水旁路6和一次网供水管5之间，与该增加的供热量对应的热 网水在一次网回水管4和一次网供水管5内流动，避免浪费。同时，由于热网水的温度提高，热力站2的供热量保持不变。
经过热力站2后的热网水在一次网回水管4中的温度和压力都较低，若热网水旁路6中的高压的热网水直接排入一次网回水管4中，则容易引起压力不均，影响回水效果，增加循环水泵3的负担，因此，本实施例在热网水旁路6上设置减压装置63，利用减压装置63将热网水旁路6中的高压的热网水进行降压，使其压力与位于一次网回水管4与热网水旁路6连接处的一次网回水管4的上游位置的热网水一致，热网水旁路6中的水流可正常排入一次网回水管4中，进而输回热网首站1。
供热管网放热指的是，需要热电机组参与电网调峰需要增加机组出力时，通过减少热电机组的供热抽汽流量来增加机组出力，此时，热电机组减少抽汽流量产生的不足供热负荷需要利用供热管网储热量的释放来满足，以热网首站1的供热量减少方式为仅降低热网水的供水温度为例，热网首站1的供热量减少，热网水的温度降低，控制第一调节阀62可调节地关闭，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量减少，进入热力站2的热网水流量增加，保证热力站2的供热负荷一直处于平衡。此时，需同时结合热电机组的调峰需求安排和供热管网的蓄热量，来确定是否结束放热程序。若热电机组持续有增加机组出力的调峰需求，直至供热管网存储的热量全部放出后，结束供热管网放热过程，此时热网首站1的总供热量等于各热力站2的需求热量，第一调节阀62完全关闭；若供热管网还存储有蓄热量而热电机组有降低出力的调峰需求，则需要结束供热管网放热过程，而进入蓄热过程，此时增大第一调节阀62的开度，进行新一轮的蓄热程序。值得注意的是，无论供热管网存储的热量是否完全放出，依据调峰需求，可即 时结束放热过程，开始蓄热过程，即放热过程结束时，供热管网中可以还留有蓄热量，也可以将存储的热量完全放出，具体根据调峰需求设置。
上述实施例中描述了三种热网首站改变供热量的调节方式，其中，采用改变热网首站1的热网水的供水温度的调节方式时，需要调节热力站2的热网水流量，因此，热力站2与一次网供水管5连接的进水管路上设有第二调节阀21和第二温压流测量仪23，热力站2与一次网回水管4连接的出水管路上设有第三调节阀22和温压测量仪24，第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22用于调节热力站2的热网水流量的同时，还可以辅助调节流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量。第二温压流测量仪23用于检测进入热力站2的热网水的温度、压力和流量，温压测量仪24用于检测从热力站2出来的热网水的温度和压力。根据热网首站1的总供热量，以及各个热力站2的需求热量，通过调节各热力站2的第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22的开度来控制流入热力站2的热网水流量，第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22为直接调节，热力站2的供热负荷平衡更容易调节。第二调节阀21、第二温压流测量仪23、第三调节阀22和温压测量仪24的数量与热力站2的数量相适配，热力站2的数量为n个，则第二调节阀21、第二温压流测量仪23、第三调节阀22和温压测量仪24的数量也为n个，n大于等于1。
具体的，第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22用于在蓄热时可调节地关闭使进入热力站2的热网水流量减少，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量增加，在放热时可调节地开放使进入热力站2的热网水流量增加，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量减少。热力站2的进水管路和出水管路上分别设置了第二温压流测量仪23和温压测量仪24，可根据热网首站1的总供热量(具体反映在进出热网首站1的热网水的温度和流量)以及各个热力站2的需求热量(具体反映在进出热力 站2的热网水的温度和流量)来调节第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22的开度，保证热力站2的供热负荷处于平衡状态。
具体调控方法如下：
供热管网进行蓄热时，提高热网首站1的供热量，提高热网水的温度，控制第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22可调节地关闭，进入各热力站2的热网水流量减少，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量增加；
供热管网进行放热时，减少热网首站1的供热量，降低热网水的温度，控制第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22可调节地开放，进入各热力站2的热网水流量增加，流经热网水旁路6的热网水流量减少直至为零。
为方便管网蓄热系统调控，热网首站1的出水口设有出水调节阀13，用于调节热网水的供水流量，热网首站的进水口设有进水调节阀14，用于调节热网首站的热网水的回水流量，循环水泵3设置在一次网回水管4靠近热网首站1进水口的位置，热网首站1的出水口处还设有第五温压流测量仪12，用于检测从热网首站1出来的热网水的温度、压力和流量，热网首站1的进水口还设有另一个第四温压流测量仪11，用于检测进入热网首站1的热网水的温度、压力和流量。
本实施例中的所有调节阀均为电动调节阀门，所有的测量仪均为物联网流量计，可以进行测量数据的无线远程传输。
值得注意的是，本实施例中的调节阀可调节地开放和可调节地关闭指的是，调节阀的开度在完全打开和完全闭合之间调整；具体的，热力站2的第二调节阀21和第三调节阀22的开度调节，需要根据热力站2需求的热量来调节，从而控制流入各热力站2的热量。热网首站1的供热量减去流入各热力站2的热 量，就是流经热网水旁路6的热量，根据需要流经热网水旁路6的热量，来调节第一调节阀62的开度，第一调节阀62可完全打开或部分打开或完全闭合。
优选地，本实施例的管网蓄热系统还包括补水组件，补水组件包括一次网补水管7、补水泵71、第四调节阀72和第三温压流测量仪73，第三温压流测量仪73、补水泵71和第四调节阀72沿热网水方向依次设置在一次网补水管7上，一次网补水管7与一次网回水管4连接。在所述一次网补水管7与所述一次网回水管4的连接处的所述一次网回水管4的水流方向上游位置设有第四温压流测量仪11，热网水先经过第四温压流测量仪11检测后，流经一次网回水管4与一次网补水管7的连接处。第四调节阀72用于在第四温压流测量仪11检测到一次网回水管4中的压力低于设定压力时开启以及在第四温压流测量仪11检测到一次网回水管4中的压力不低于设定压力时关闭。
具体补水步骤包括：
根据第四温压流测量仪11读取的压力数据，当一次网回水管4中的压力低于设定压力时，第四调节阀72开启，补水泵71对一次网回水管4进行补水；当一次网回水管4中的压力不低于设定压力时，第四调节阀72关闭，补水泵71停止补水。
上述实施例中，热网水旁路6设置在第j个热力站2处，1≤j≤n，压力测量仪41设在第j个热力站2处的一次网回水管4上，为提高管网蓄热效果，优化热网水旁路6的设置位置，热网水旁路6设置在第j个热力站2处中的j依据下列方法设计：
首先，根据循环水泵的设计流量来确定供热管网的最大热网水流量G r，循环水泵的设计流量G 0(单位：t/h)为已知参数，可知最大热网水流量G r＝G 0， 再根据热电联产机组进行电力调峰时需要的储热量来确定供热管网所需的最小储热量，供热管网所需的最小储热量Q min(单位：GJ)为已知参数；
其次，根据高寒期各热力站所需的最大供热负荷W i(单位：GJ/h，1≤i≤n)与供热管网的最大热网供回水温差来确定高寒期各热力站所需的最小热网水流量
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000011
(单位：t/h，1≤i≤n)；其中，供热管网的热网水的供水温度和回水温度分别为T 01(单位：℃)和T 02(单位：℃)，为已知的预设参数，实际温度可由第一温压流测量仪和第二温压流测量仪测量获得，并对应调整至预设参数；基于此，最小热网水流量
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000012
为：
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000013
然后，根据采暖期各热力站所需的最小热网水流量
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000014
与供热管网的最大热网水流量G r来确定采暖期供热管网可用于蓄热的最大热网水流量G s，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000015
再者，根据循环水泵的设计扬程H 0(单位：m)与采暖期供热管网连接各热力站的不同管段阻力损失来确定j的最大可取值A max；其中，循环水泵的设计扬程H 0(单位：m)、供热管网的当量绝对粗糙度为K(单位：m)，供热管网的局部阻力当量长度百分比为
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000016
(单位：％)，供热管网连接各热力站的管段长度和管段直径分别为L i(单位：m)和D i(单位：m)等均为设计时的已知参数；
根据供热管网所需的最小储热量来确定j的最小可取值B min；
根据如下关系式确定j的最终取值：
当B min≥A max时，j的最终取值为A max；
当B min＜A max时，此时若供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率可以忽略时，j的最终取值为A max，若供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率不可以忽略时，j的最终取值为B min。散热损失率根据各个测量仪测得的热网水参数来计算获得，漏水损失率根据补水组件的补水量来判定。当供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率优于行业内的先进水平值时，则供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率可以忽略，行业内的先进水平值参照CJJ/T185-2012标准取值时，则漏水损失率按照不应大于0.3％取值，散热损失率按照沿程温降不大于0.1℃/Km来计算取值。
具体的，根据循环水泵的设计扬程H 0(单位：m)与采暖期供热管网连接各热力站的不同管段阻力损失来确定j的最大可取值A max的计算方式为：
计算连接各热力站的不同管段中热网水流量
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000017
公式为，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000018
计算连接各热力站的不同管段沿程阻力损失R x(单位：Pa/m)，公式为，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000019
计算采暖期供热管网的总压降，公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000020
进行循环水泵的设计扬程H 0与采暖期供热管网的总压降的对比，根据关系式，
10×H 0≥0.002×P z，
得出j的最大可取值为A max；
其中，循环水泵的设计扬程H 0为已知参数，K(单位：m)为供热管网的当量绝对粗糙度，
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000021
(单位：％)为供热管网的局部阻力当量长度百分比，L i(单位：m，1≤i≤n)为供热管网连接各热力站的管段长度，和D i(单位：m，1≤i≤n)为供热管网连接各热力站的管段直径，ρ(单位：kg/m3)为热网水的密度。
具体的，根据供热管网所需的最小储热量来确定j的最小可取值B min的计算方式为：
供热管网的设计储热量计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-000022
其中，根据关系式：Q e≥Q min，得出j的最小值为B min，其中，ρ(单位：kg/m3)为热网水的密度，C(单位：J/(kg·℃))为热网水的比热容。
基于上述计算方式，获得j的取值，确定热网水旁路6的设置位置，满足管网蓄热的使用要求。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，其特征在于，包括供热管网，所述供热管网包括热网首站、热力站、循环水泵、一次网回水管和一次网供水管，所述热网首站通过所述一次网回水管和所述一次网供水管与所述热力站的一次网侧连通；所述热力站的数量为n，n≥1，所述循环水泵驱动热网水在所述热网首站、所述热力站、所述一次网回水管和所述一次网供水管之间流动，其中，
    所述一次网供水管与所述一次网回水管之间安装有热网水旁路；所述热网水旁路上设有调节组件，用于调整流经所述热网水旁路的热网水的流量和压力；所述调节组件包括第一温压流测量仪、减压装置和第一调节阀，所述第一温压流测量仪、所述减压装置和所述第一调节阀沿水流动方向依次设置在所述热网水旁路上；在所述热网水旁路与所述一次网回水管的连接处的所述一次网回水管的水流方向上游位置设有压力测量仪；
    所述热网首站的出水口设有出水调节阀，所述热网首站的进水口设有进水调节阀，所述出水调节阀用于调节热网水的供水流量；所述进水调节阀用于调节热网水的回水流量；
    所述热网首站用于在所述供热管网进行蓄热时增加供热量，提高热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量，和，在所述供热管网进行放热时减少供热量，降低热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量；
    所述第一调节阀用于在所述供热管网不蓄热与不放热时处于常闭状态使所述热网水旁路的热网水流量为零，在蓄热时可调节地开放使流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐步增加，在放热时可调节地关闭使流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐步减少；
    所述减压装置用于将流经所述热网水旁路的热网水降压至与所述压力测量 仪的压力度数一致后输送回所述一次网回水管。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，其特征在于，
    所述热力站与所述一次网供水管连接的进水管路上设有第二调节阀和第二温压流测量仪，所述热力站与所述一次网回水管连接的出水管路上设有第三调节阀和温压测量仪；
    所述第二调节阀和所述第三调节阀用于在所述供热管网进行蓄热且所述热网首站提高热网水的供水温度时可调节地关闭使进入所述热力站的热网水流量减少，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量增加；以及，在所述供热管网进行放热且所述热网首站降低热网水的供水温度时可调节地开放使进入所述热力站的热网水流量增加，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量减少。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，其特征在于，还包括补水组件，所述补水组件包括一次网补水管、补水泵、第四调节阀和第三温压流测量仪，所述第三温压流测量仪、所述补水泵和所述第四调节阀沿水流方向依次设置在所述一次网补水管上，所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管连接；
    在所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管的连接处的所述一次网回水管的水流方向上游位置设有第四温压流测量仪，所述第四调节阀用于在所述第四温压流测量仪检测到所述一次网回水管中的压力低于设定压力时开启以及在所述第四温压流测量仪检测到所述一次网回水管中的压力不低于设定压力时关闭；
    所述热网首站的出水口设有第五温压流测量仪。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，其特征在于，所述热网水旁路设置在第j个热力站处，1≤j≤n,所述压力测量仪设在第j 个热力站处的所述一次网回水管上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，其特征在于，所述热网水旁路设置在第j个热力站处中的j依据下列方法计算所得：
    根据所述循环水泵的设计流量G 0(单位：t/h)来确定供热管网的最大热网水流量G r，
    G r＝G 0；
    根据热电联产机组进行电力调峰时需要的储热量来确定供热管网所需的最小储热量Q min(单位：GJ)；
    根据采暖期各所述热力站所需的最大供热负荷W i(单位：GJ/h，1≤i≤n)与所述供热管网的最大热网供回水温差来确定采暖期各所述热力站所需的最小热网水流量
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100001
    (单位：t/h，1≤i≤n)，所述供热管网的热网水的供水温度和热网水的回水温度分别为T 01(单位：℃)和T 02(单位：℃)，
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100002
    根据采暖期各热力站所需的最小热网水流量
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100003
    与供热管网的最大热网水流量G r来确定采暖期供热管网可用于蓄热的最大热网水流量G s，
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100004
    根据循环水泵的设计扬程H 0(单位：m)与采暖期供热管网连接各热力站的不同管段阻力损失来确定j的最大可取值A max；
    根据供热管网所需的最小储热量来确定j的最小可取值B min；
    根据如下关系式确定j的最终取值：
    当B min≥A max时，j的最终取值为A max；
    当B min＜A max时，此时若供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率可以忽略时，j的最终取值为A max，若供热管网的散热损失率和漏水损失率不可以忽略时，j的最终取值为B min。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，其特征在于，
    根据循环水泵的设计扬程H 0(单位：m)与采暖期供热管网连接各热力站的不同管段阻力损失来确定j的最大可取值A max的计算方式为：
    计算连接各热力站的不同管段中热网水流量
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100005
    公式为，
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100006
    计算连接各热力站的不同管段沿程阻力损失R x(单位：Pa/m)，公式为，
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100007
    计算采暖期供热管网的总压降，公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100008
    进行循环水泵的设计扬程H 0与采暖期供热管网的总压降的对比，根据关系式，10×H 0≥0.002×P z，得出j的最大可取值为A max；
    其中，循环水泵的设计扬程H 0为已知参数，K(单位：m)为供热管网的当量绝对粗糙度，
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100009
    (单位：％)为供热管网的局部阻力当量长度百分比，L i(单位：m，1≤i≤n)为供热管网连接各热力站的管段长度，和D i(单位：m，1≤i≤n)为供热管网连接各热力站的管段直径，ρ(单位：kg/m 3)为热网水的密度。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统，其特征在于，
    根据供热管网所需的最小储热量来确定j的最小可取值B min的计算方式为：
    供热管网的设计储热量计算公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021143346-appb-100010
    其中，
    根据关系式：Q e≥Q min，得出j的最小值为B min，其中，ρ(单位：kg/m 3) 为热网水的密度，C(单位：J/(kg·℃))为热网水的比热容。
  8. 一种基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热调控方法，其特征在于，采用如权利要求1至7任一项的管网蓄热系统，包括如下方法：
    所述供热管网不蓄热与不放热时，控制所述第一调节阀处于常闭状态，所述热网水旁路的热网水流量为零，由所述热网首站输出的热网水经过所述一次网供水管输送至所述热力站，而后通过所述一次网回水管输送回所述热网首站，持续循环；
    所述供热管网进行蓄热时，提高所述热网首站的供热量，提高热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量，控制所述第一调节阀可调节地开放，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐渐增加，所述减压装置将流经所述热网水旁路的热网水进行降压，降至与所述压力测量仪的压力度数一致后，通过所述一次网回水管返回所述热网首站；
    所述供热管网进行放热时，减少所述热网首站的供热量，降低热网水的供水温度和/或供水流量，控制所述第一调节阀可调节地关闭，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量逐步减少。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热调控方法，其特征在于，所述热力站与所述一次网供水管连接的进水管路上设有第二调节阀和第二温压流测量仪，所述热力站与所述一次网回水管连接的出水管路上设有第三调节阀和温压测量仪；
    所述供热管网进行蓄热时，提高所述热网首站的供热量，提高热网水的供水温度，控制所述第二调节阀和所述第三调节阀可调节地关闭，进入各所述热力站的热网水流量减少，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量增加；
    所述供热管网进行放热时，减少所述热网首站的供热量，降低热网水的供 水温度，控制所述第二调节阀和所述第三调节阀可调节地开放，进入各所述热力站的热网水流量增加，流经所述热网水旁路的热网水流量减少。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热调控方法，其特征在于，还包括补水步骤：
    包括补水组件，所述补水组件包括一次网补水管、补水泵、第四调节阀和第三温压流测量仪，所述第三温压流测量仪、所述补水泵和所述第四调节阀沿水流方向依次设置在所述一次网补水管上，所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管连接；在所述一次网补水管与所述一次网回水管的连接处的所述一次网回水管的水流方向上游位置设有第四温压流测量仪；
    根据所述第四温压流测量仪读取的压力数据，当所述一次网回水管中的压力低于设定压力时，所述第四调节阀开启，所述补水泵对一次网回水管进行补水；当所述一次网回水管中的压力不低于设定压力时，所述第四调节阀关闭，所述补水泵停止补水。
PCT/CN2021/143346 2021-12-28 2021-12-30 基于热网供回母管串联的管网蓄热系统及其调控方法 WO2023123276A1 (zh)

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