WO2023115233A1 - System and method for producing stringed musical instruments - Google Patents

System and method for producing stringed musical instruments Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023115233A1
WO2023115233A1 PCT/CL2022/050001 CL2022050001W WO2023115233A1 WO 2023115233 A1 WO2023115233 A1 WO 2023115233A1 CL 2022050001 W CL2022050001 W CL 2022050001W WO 2023115233 A1 WO2023115233 A1 WO 2023115233A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
faces
instrument
musical instruments
sheets
stringed musical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2022/050001
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Santiago Ignacio BRAVO DELPIN
Original Assignee
Universidad Diego Portales
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2023115233A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023115233A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
    • G10D1/02—Bowed or rubbed string instruments, e.g. violins or hurdy-gurdies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
    • G10D1/04—Plucked or strummed string instruments, e.g. harps or lyres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction of stringed musical instruments and, more specifically, to systems and methods for making violins, violas and similar instruments.
  • a lower mold plate that includes a cavity to house a lower face of the acoustic box of the musical instrument
  • an upper mold plate that includes a cavity to accommodate an upper face of the acoustic box of the instrument
  • the invention contemplates a method for the production of stringed musical instruments, comprising: a. locating some sheets of side faces of an acoustic box of the musical instrument and internal support elements inside a perforation of an intermediate plate; b. actuate internal press elements located inside said perforation by means of a drive mechanism, so that the internal press elements expand and exert pressure on the sheets and internal support elements, adjusting them to the contour of the internal faces of the intermediate plate; c. gluing a bottom face of the instrument cabinet to one end of the side face sheets and attaching a bottom mold plate to the intermediate plate; d. fixing a handle of the musical instrument on one of the inner support members; and e. glue a top face of the instrument cabinet to the opposite end of the side face sheets and attach a top mold plate to the intermediate plate.
  • the method described comprises a previous step of sizing and conditioning the different elements that make up the parts of the musical instrument, such as cutting the sheets of wood and forming the elements that make up the handle.
  • the method preferably includes an additional previous step of shaping the curvature of the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument, which comprises locating the upper and lower faces in curvature molds, the which are subjected to pressure to form the curvature of said faces.
  • the objective of the present invention is not to imitate violins made by hand, but to propose a design that exceeds the quality of the cheap copies offered by retail stores, so that those who want to start their learning can do so. In optimal conditions and at an affordable price.
  • a fundamental aspect of the invention is that it prioritizes the use of simple prototyping technologies for the development of approved and functional copies, which makes possible lower production and material costs, providing an accessible and scalable product in terms of costs. .
  • the reduction of costs is possible through a simplification of the parts and components, allowing a saving in material costs and a saving in terms of time during the assembly process.
  • the instruments can be assembled without having to be an expert in the construction of violins or violas, thus achieving an adequate sound and an optimal experience for whoever plays the instrument.
  • the musical instrument made using the system and method of the present invention has geometric characteristics that make it possible to make it through the use of molds that interact with each other. More specifically, the use of an intermediate plate that includes a perforation in the shape of the violin's lateral contour, which interacts with internal press elements that are actuated to provide the curvature of the violin's ribs, allows the elaboration of the faces sides of the violin in a simple and effective way. In contrast, conventional violins have more complex geometries on their side faces, which include the use of decorations and ornaments at the joints of the ribs, which would not allow the use of a vise system such as that of the present invention.
  • the system and method described here make it possible to remedy these drawbacks by dispensing with said ornaments on the side faces and thus enabling a simpler and less expensive production. Therefore, the system and method described dispense with the ornaments and conventional forms of this type of instrument in order to privilege the quality of the instrument as such, and in turn allow a simpler and less expensive production.
  • Figure 1 shows isometric views of the lower, upper and intermediate mold plates and internal press elements.
  • Figure 2 shows a sequence of making the acoustic box of the musical instrument by using the elements of figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a sequence of formation of the lower and upper faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument and the elements that compose them.
  • Figure 4 shows a preferred configuration for the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
  • Figure 5 shows a mold for forming the curvature for the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
  • the present invention consists of a system for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments, such as violins, violas and the like, which allows a reduction in the complexity of conventional mechanisms. and the times and costs involved in the production process.
  • the system comprises:
  • an upper mold plate (130) that includes a cavity to accommodate an upper face (230) of the acoustic box of the instrument;
  • An intermediate plate (120) that has a perforation (125) in the shape of the contour of the side faces of the acoustic box of the instrument, and that is complementary and fitable with the upper (130) and lower (1 10) mold plates. ), to allow the coupling of the different faces of the acoustic box of the instrument; and
  • a plurality of internal press elements (140) that are arranged inside the perforation (125) of the intermediate plate, wherein the internal press elements are expandable by means of an expansion mechanism to allow the conformation of the curvature of the faces sides of the acoustic box.
  • the interaction of the lower (110), upper (120) and intermediate (130) plates allow the coupling and fixing of the different faces of the loudspeaker of the musical instrument.
  • the lower (110), intermediate (120) and upper (130) mold plates include perforations (151) in their corners, which serve to couple and fix each of these plates together by using bolts. , pins or screws (152), thus allowing the coupling and fixing of the different faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
  • the upper plate comprises a perforation (135) that allows the positioning and fixing of a handle (240) of the instrument to the acoustic box.
  • the intermediate plate comprises grooves (126) in each of the corners of the internal contour of the perforation (125).
  • the perforation (125) has the shape of the contour of the side faces of the acoustic box of the instrument, and by expanding the plurality of interior elements of the press (140) the respective sheets that make up the side faces (220) of the instrument join together to form the curved contours of the instrument.
  • the edges of said sheets come into contact with each other by overlapping both edges, which causes small imperfections in the joining of each joining point in the corners of the side faces of the sheets. the acoustic box.
  • the intermediate plate (120) has slots (126) in each corner of its inner contour, so that the generated imperfections can be later corrected. in a subsequent process, during the completion of the instrument, either through sanding or other processes.
  • the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument are formed by the union of two or more sheets of wood (215), which have the same dimensions. and they adhere to each other to form the necessary thickness for the upper (230) and lower (210) faces of the musical instrument.
  • the assembly formed by the union of the sheets (215) is subsequently arranged in the curvature mold assembly (160) to provide the necessary curvature of the faces of the musical instrument. More preferably, both faces, upper (230) and lower (210), are formed by the union of two complementary halves (216), both halves constituted by the union of said sheets (215), as shown more clearly in the figure 4.
  • the system comprises a curvature mold assembly (160), which preferably comprises complementary mold plates that have a curved surface that provides curvature to the upper (230) and lower (230) faces. 210) of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
  • the camber mold assembly (160) comprises a first camber mold plate (161) having a concave surface that is complemented by a second camber mold plate (162) having a convex surface.
  • these first and second curvature mold plates operate in a complementary way to provide the curvature to one half (216) of each face of the upper and lower faces (210, 230). .
  • the halves (216) of the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument are arranged between both curvature mold plates (161, 162), so that when both curvature mold plates engage, they deform the sheets arranged between them and hold their position for a predetermined time under thermodynamic conditions controlled.
  • the dimensioning of the constituent elements of the musical instrument is designed by means of a computational modeling, from which different tools can be used to make the pieces. More preferably, the parts are made of wood and are first sized using a power planer to give the correct dimensions, after which cutting tools such as a laser CNC machine can be used to allow the development of approved specimens that allow a reduction in production costs.
  • the invention contemplates a method for the production of stringed musical instruments, comprising: a. locating some sheets of side faces (220) of an acoustic box of the musical instrument and internal support elements (250) inside a perforation (125) of an intermediate plate (120); b. actuate internal press elements (140) located inside said perforation (125) by means of a drive mechanism, so that the internal press elements expand and exert pressure on the sheets and internal support elements, adjusting them to the contour of the internal faces of the intermediate plate (120); c. gluing a bottom face (210) of the instrument cabinet to one end of the side face sheets and attaching a bottom mold plate (110) to the intermediate plate (120); d.
  • the method includes subjecting said sheets to a steam bath in a uniform manner, at a temperature of around 100 °C, for around 10 minutes. Furthermore, after the side face sheets (220) are bent into the perforation (125) of the intermediate plate (120), the method includes the step of adhering the ends of the side face sheets (220) by the use of adhesive. Once the sidewall sheets have been bent to the desired shape and the adhesive has been included, they are preferably left to set for a time of about 48 hours.
  • the method also includes a previous step of sizing and conditioning the elements that make up the parts of the musical instrument.
  • this step includes a first dimensioning of the pieces, preferably made of wood, using an electric brush to give the correct dimensions to the elements.
  • some of the pieces are cut, preferably by laser cutting, while other pieces are dimensioned by CNC systems.
  • the method comprises an additional previous step of shaping the upper (230) and lower (210) faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
  • the conformation of these faces comprises a first step of joining two or more sheets of wood (215), which have the same dimensions and are joined by adhesive.
  • the upper (230) and lower (210) faces are formed from the union of two halves (216), where each half is formed by the union of two or more sheets of wood (215).
  • the method includes the step of forming the curvature of the upper (230) and lower (210) faces, which comprises a step of subjecting the sheets (215) to steam at a temperature of about 100 °C for about 10 minutes. Then, the set of adhered sheets is arranged in curvature molds (160), where they are subjected to pressure to achieve the desired curvature and are left to rest for a period of around 48 hours.
  • the upper (230) and lower (210) faces are formed in the form of separate halves (216), which are subjected to the curvature forming process separately , and both halves are later joined by adhesive to reach the final shape of the upper and lower faces of the musical instrument acoustic box.
  • the halves (216) of both faces are oversized at one of the edges of said halves, particularly at the joining edge of the two halves. Said oversizing is corrected after the curvature process, removing a section of the edge (217) of each half, as shown in figure 3. This process of removing the edges makes it possible to obtain a larger joining surface of the halves (216). suitable for gluing said halves, thus improving the process of forming the upper (220) and lower (210) faces.
  • the coupling of the handle (240) of the musical instrument preferably includes the step of joining, by means of adhesive, the handle (240) in one of the support elements (250), located at the rear end of the acoustic box of the musical instrument, wherein said support element is commonly referred to in the state of the art as "upper plug”. Subsequently, the adhesive is allowed to settle for a time of around 4 hours.
  • the sheets and the different elements that make up the speaker box are made of wood, and the adhesive used to join these different elements is of the "polyyurethane liquid glue waterproof titebond" type, or other similar ones, due to its good properties. properties for wood gluing, such as moisture resistance and quick drying.
  • the method After joining the different parts of the acoustic box and the neck of the musical instrument, the method includes removing the instrument from the mold system and carrying out finishing work on the instrument, such as sanding the edges and unions of the different elements, the positioning and fixing of accessories, such as the bridge, pegs, harmonic bar, soul and others, in the case of violins, violas and the like, and other alternative actions such as varnishing or painting the musical instrument .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for producing stringed musical instruments, such as violins, violas and other similar instruments, which reduces the complexity of the conventional mechanisms, as well as the time and costs involved in the production process. The system comprises: a bottom mould plate that includes a cavity for housing a bottom face of the acoustic body of the musical instrument; a top mould plate that includes a cavity for housing a top face of the acoustic body of the instrument; an intermediate plate that has a perforation in the shape of the contour of the side faces of the acoustic body of the instrument, and which is complementary and able to be coupled to the top and bottom mould plates to allow the different faces of the acoustic body of the instrument to be coupled and fixed; and a plurality of inner pressing elements that are arranged inside the perforation of the intermediate plate, wherein the inner pressing elements are expandable by means of an expansion mechanism to allow for the curvature of the side faces of the acoustic body to be formed.

Description

SISTEMA Y MÉTODO PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE INSTRUMENTOS MUSICALES DE CUERDASYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE ELABORATION OF STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
CAMPO TÉCNICO DE LA INVENCIÓN TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001 ] La presente invención se relaciona con la construcción de instrumentos musicales de cuerda y, más específicamente, con sistemas y métodos para la elaboración de violines, violas e instrumentos similares. [001] The present invention relates to the construction of stringed musical instruments and, more specifically, to systems and methods for making violins, violas and similar instruments.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] Históricamente, la elaboración de instrumentos de cuerda como violines, y otros, se ha basado en un trabajo hecho a mano por parte de personas que son especialistas en la construcción de este tipo de instrumentos, lo que conlleva distintos inconvenientes. Por una parte, se tiene que la construcción a mano redunda en altos requerimientos de tiempo para la construcción de cada instrumento en forma individual y, como consecuencia, esto provoca también la generación de altos precios por la construcción del instrumento, al tener que ocupar el especialista una gran cantidad de horas hombre para la construcción de cada instrumento en forma individual. [002] Historically, the elaboration of stringed instruments such as violins, and others, has been based on work done by hand by people who are specialists in the construction of this type of instrument, which entails various drawbacks. On the one hand, the construction by hand results in high time requirements for the construction of each instrument individually and, as a consequence, this also causes the generation of high prices for the construction of the instrument, having to occupy the specialist a large number of man hours for the construction of each instrument individually.
[003] La creciente demanda de instrumentos musicales y el elevado precio de los violines hechos a mano, han traído consigo una oferta de ejemplares industriales para la venta dentro del mercado del retail. Para esto, se han buscado técnicas de elaboración a un menor costo, a partir de lo cual el mercado se ha centrado en la construcción masiva e industrializada de violines. Sin embargo, en estos casos la prioridad ha estado puesta en que los ejemplares se parezcan a los instrumentos hechos a mano, sin serlo realmente, y descuidan por lo tanto la calidad del sonido, ya que no es la prioridad. Debido a esto, es posible encontrar en el mercado una infinidad de instrumentos con problemas en la hechura y deficiencias en la calidad de los materiales, lo cual afecta la calidad del instrumento como tal, ya sea desde la perspectiva del sonido o bien en la comodidad para su ejecución. Estas deficiencias de los instrumentos que se ofrecen comúnmente en el retail pueden traer consigo una experiencia negativa para el usuario y un posible abandono del instrumento durante el aprendizaje. [004] Teniendo en consideración los inconvenientes descritos anteriormente, en los últimos años se han desarrollado tecnologías destinadas a permitir una fabricación de violines mediante métodos de construcción más simples y rápidos respecto de los hechos a mano, y que permitan a su vez disminuir los costos de fabricación minimizando las fallas de fabricación. Una posibilidad se refiere a la utilización de sistemas basados en la utilización de estructuras de moldes para la conformación de las distintas partes de la caja acústica de violines o violas, particularmente para la formación de la curvatura requerida en las distintas caras del instrumento. [003] The growing demand for musical instruments and the high price of handmade violins have brought with them an offer of industrial copies for sale within the retail market. For this, manufacturing techniques have been sought at a lower cost, from which the market has focused on the massive and industrialized construction of violins. However, in these cases the priority has been placed on the specimens resembling handmade instruments, without really being so, and therefore the sound quality is neglected, since it is not the priority. Due to this, it is possible to find in the market an infinite number of instruments with problems in the workmanship and deficiencies in the quality of the materials, which affects the quality of the instrument as such, either from the perspective of sound or comfort. for its execution. These shortcomings of instruments commonly offered in retail can lead to a negative user experience and possible instrument abandonment during learning. [004] Taking into account the drawbacks described above, in recent years technologies have been developed to allow violins to be manufactured using simpler and faster construction methods compared to those made by hand, and which in turn allow lower costs. manufacturing minimizing manufacturing faults. One possibility refers to the use of systems based on the use of mold structures for the conformation of the different parts of the acoustic box of violins or violas, particularly for the formation of the required curvature on the different faces of the instrument.
[005] Un ejemplo de lo anterior se describe en el documento de patente CN 202487128 U, el cual describe un molde interior para la fabricación y reparación de violines, y más particularmente un molde interior para la conformación de las costillas, el cual está compuesto de módulos que se acoplan y que pueden ser desarmadles. El molde interior se combina con una bandeja que permite la fijación del molde interior sobre ella, de modo de permitir el acoplamiento y fijación de las costillas del violín a las tapas superior e inferior. [005] An example of the above is described in the patent document CN 202487128 U, which describes an internal mold for the manufacture and repair of violins, and more particularly an internal mold for the conformation of the ribs, which is composed of modules that are coupled and that can be disassembled. The inner mold is combined with a tray that allows the fixing of the inner mold on it, in order to allow the coupling and fixing of the violin ribs to the upper and lower covers.
[006] Si bien este documento busca proporcionar una alternativa respecto de la elaboración de violines hechos a mano, el mecanismo utilizado se basa en metodologías sustancialmente similares a las utilizadas en el trabajo a mano, pues para la conformación de la curvatura de las costillas del violín los moldes internos se deben complementar con elementos externos, como el uso de múltiples pinzas que permiten la fijación de la posición de las láminas de las costillas en distintos puntos. Esto significa un gran número de elementos que deben ser manipulados con extremo cuidado y que requieren de un tiempo considerable para su manipulación y operación. Además, en la práctica el sistema descrito sigue utilizando un principio de operación que es equivalente al utilizado en la elaboración a mano. [006] Although this document seeks to provide an alternative to the elaboration of handmade violins, the mechanism used is based on substantially similar methodologies to those used in handwork, since for the conformation of the curvature of the ribs of the violin internal molds must be complemented with external elements, such as the use of multiple clamps that allow the fixation of the position of the rib plates at different points. This means a large number of items that must be handled with extreme care and that require considerable time for handling and operation. In addition, in practice the described system still uses a principle of operation that is equivalent to that used in hand-making.
[007] Por lo tanto, se identifica en el estado de la técnica la necesidad de contar con sistemas y métodos para la construcción de violines y similares que permitan una disminución en la complejidad de los mecanismos utilizados y en los tiempos involucrados en el proceso de elaboración, así como los respectivos costos asociados. Al mismo tiempo, se requiere de sistemas que permitan mantener una buena calidad sonora y un correcto posicionamiento de las piezas para que el instrumento no deba ser revisado o corregido por un especialista al momento de adquirirlo. BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN [007] Therefore, the need to have systems and methods for the construction of violins and the like that allow a reduction in the complexity of the mechanisms used and in the times involved in the process of making them is identified in the state of the art. preparation, as well as the respective associated costs. At the same time, systems are required to maintain good sound quality and correct positioning of the pieces so that the instrument does not have to be reviewed or corrected by a specialist at the time of purchase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[008] Para dar solución a los problemas planteados se presenta un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda, como violines, violas e instrumentos similares, que comprende: [008] In order to solve the problems raised, a system is presented for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments, such as violins, violas and similar instruments, which includes:
• una placa de molde inferior que incluye una cavidad para alojar una cara inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical; • a lower mold plate that includes a cavity to house a lower face of the acoustic box of the musical instrument;
• una placa de molde superior que incluye una cavidad para alojar una cara superior de la caja acústica del instrumento; • an upper mold plate that includes a cavity to accommodate an upper face of the acoustic box of the instrument;
• una placa intermedia que posee una perforación con la forma del contorno de las caras laterales de la caja acústica del instrumento, y que es complementaria y acoplable con las placas de molde superior e inferior, para permitir el acoplamiento y fijación de las distintas caras de la caja acústica del instrumento; y • an intermediate plate that has a perforation in the shape of the contour of the side faces of the acoustic box of the instrument, and which is complementary and mateable with the upper and lower mold plates, to allow the coupling and fixing of the different faces of the instrument. the acoustic box of the instrument; and
• una pluralidad de elementos interiores de prensa que se disponen al interior de la perforación de la placa intermedia, en donde los elementos interiores de prensa son expansibles mediante un mecanismo de expansión para permitir la conformación de la curvatura de las caras laterales de la caja acústica. • a plurality of internal press elements that are arranged inside the perforation of the intermediate plate, wherein the internal press elements are expandable by means of an expansion mechanism to allow the conformation of the curvature of the side faces of the speaker box. .
[009] Adicionalmente, la invención contempla un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda, que comprende: a. localizar unas láminas de caras laterales de una caja acústica del instrumento musical y elementos interiores de soporte al interior de una perforación de una placa intermedia; b. accionar unos elementos interiores de prensa ubicados al interior de dicha perforación mediante un mecanismo de accionamiento, de modo que los elementos interiores de prensa se expanden y ejercen presión sobre las láminas y los elementos interiores de soporte, ajustándolos al contorno de las caras internas de la placa intermedia; c. pegar una cara inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento en un extremo de las láminas de caras laterales y acoplar una placa de molde inferior a la placa intermedia; d. fijar un mango del instrumento musical en uno de los elementos interiores de soporte; y e. pegar una cara superior de la caja acústica del instrumento en el extremo opuesto de las láminas de caras laterales y acoplar una placa de molde superior a la placa intermedia. [009] Additionally, the invention contemplates a method for the production of stringed musical instruments, comprising: a. locating some sheets of side faces of an acoustic box of the musical instrument and internal support elements inside a perforation of an intermediate plate; b. actuate internal press elements located inside said perforation by means of a drive mechanism, so that the internal press elements expand and exert pressure on the sheets and internal support elements, adjusting them to the contour of the internal faces of the intermediate plate; c. gluing a bottom face of the instrument cabinet to one end of the side face sheets and attaching a bottom mold plate to the intermediate plate; d. fixing a handle of the musical instrument on one of the inner support members; and e. glue a top face of the instrument cabinet to the opposite end of the side face sheets and attach a top mold plate to the intermediate plate.
[0010] Preferentemente, el método descrito comprende un paso previo de dimensionar y acondicionar los distintos elementos que constituyen las partes del instrumento musical, como por ejemplo cortar las láminas de madera y formar los elementos que constituyen el mango. [0010] Preferably, the method described comprises a previous step of sizing and conditioning the different elements that make up the parts of the musical instrument, such as cutting the sheets of wood and forming the elements that make up the handle.
[001 1] Además, el método comprende preferentemente un paso previo adicional de conformación de la curvatura de las caras superior e inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical, el cual comprende la localización de las caras superior e inferior en moldes de curvatura, los cuales son sometidos a presión para conformar la curvatura de dichas caras. [001 1] In addition, the method preferably includes an additional previous step of shaping the curvature of the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument, which comprises locating the upper and lower faces in curvature molds, the which are subjected to pressure to form the curvature of said faces.
[0012] De esta manera, el objetivo de la presente invención no es imitar violines elaborados a mano, sino que proponer un diseño que supera la calidad de los ejemplares económicos que ofrecen tiendas del retail, para que quienes quieran comenzar con su aprendizaje puedan hacerlo en óptimas condiciones y a un precio accesible. [0012] In this way, the objective of the present invention is not to imitate violins made by hand, but to propose a design that exceeds the quality of the cheap copies offered by retail stores, so that those who want to start their learning can do so. In optimal conditions and at an affordable price.
[0013] Un aspecto fundamental de la invención es que prioriza la utilización de tecnologías de prototipado simple para el desarrollo de ejemplares homologados y funcionales, lo que hace posible menores costos de producción y en materiales, proporcionando un producto accesible en términos de costos y escalable. La disminución de costos es posible mediante una simplificación de las piezas y componentes, permitiendo un ahorro de costos en material y un ahorro en términos de tiempo durante el proceso de ensamblado. Adicionalmente, al contar con piezas homologadas, los instrumentos se pueden ensamblar sin necesidad de ser un experto en la construcción de violines o violas, logrando así obtener un adecuado sonido y una óptima experiencia para quien ejecute el instrumento. [0013] A fundamental aspect of the invention is that it prioritizes the use of simple prototyping technologies for the development of approved and functional copies, which makes possible lower production and material costs, providing an accessible and scalable product in terms of costs. . The reduction of costs is possible through a simplification of the parts and components, allowing a saving in material costs and a saving in terms of time during the assembly process. Additionally, by having approved parts, the instruments can be assembled without having to be an expert in the construction of violins or violas, thus achieving an adequate sound and an optimal experience for whoever plays the instrument.
[0014] En particular, el instrumento musical elaborado mediante el sistema y método de la presente invención posee características geométricas que hace posible su elaboración mediante la utilización de moldes que interactúan entre sí. Más específicamente, la utilización de una placa intermedia que comprende una perforación con la forma del contorno lateral del violín, la cual interactúa con elementos interiores de prensa que son accionados para proporcionar la curvatura de las costillas del violín, permite la elaboración de las caras laterales del violín de una manera simple y efectiva. En contraste, los violines convencionales poseen geometrías más complejas en sus caras laterales, que incluyen la utilización de adornos y ornamentos en las uniones de las costillas, lo cual no permitiría la utilización de un sistema de prensas como el de la presente invención. De esta forma, el sistema y método que se describen aquí permiten subsanar estos inconvenientes prescindiendo de dichos ornamentos en las caras laterales y posibilitando así una producción más simple y menos costosa. Por lo tanto, el sistema y método descritos prescinden de los ornamentos y formas convencionales de este tipo de instrumentos con el objeto de privilegiar la calidad del instrumento como tal, y permitir a su vez una producción más simple y menos costosa. [0014] In particular, the musical instrument made using the system and method of the present invention has geometric characteristics that make it possible to make it through the use of molds that interact with each other. More specifically, the use of an intermediate plate that includes a perforation in the shape of the violin's lateral contour, which interacts with internal press elements that are actuated to provide the curvature of the violin's ribs, allows the elaboration of the faces sides of the violin in a simple and effective way. In contrast, conventional violins have more complex geometries on their side faces, which include the use of decorations and ornaments at the joints of the ribs, which would not allow the use of a vise system such as that of the present invention. In this way, the system and method described here make it possible to remedy these drawbacks by dispensing with said ornaments on the side faces and thus enabling a simpler and less expensive production. Therefore, the system and method described dispense with the ornaments and conventional forms of this type of instrument in order to privilege the quality of the instrument as such, and in turn allow a simpler and less expensive production.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0015] Los anteriores y otros objetos, características y ventajas de la invención serán evidentes a partir de la siguiente descripción más particular de las modalidades preferidas de la invención, como se ¡lustra en las figuras adjuntas. [0015] The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following more particular description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying figures.
[0016] La figura 1 muestra vistas ¡sométricas de las placas de molde inferior, superior e intermedia y de los elementos interiores de prensa. [0016] Figure 1 shows isometric views of the lower, upper and intermediate mold plates and internal press elements.
[0017] La figura 2 muestra una secuencia de elaboración de la caja acústica del instrumento musical mediante la utilización de los elementos de la figura 1 . [0017] Figure 2 shows a sequence of making the acoustic box of the musical instrument by using the elements of figure 1.
[0018] La figura 3 muestra una secuencia de formación de las caras inferiores y superiores de la caja acústica del instrumento musical y los elementos que las componen. [0018] Figure 3 shows a sequence of formation of the lower and upper faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument and the elements that compose them.
[0019] La figura 4 muestra una configuración preferente para las caras superior e inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. [0019] Figure 4 shows a preferred configuration for the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
[0020] La figura 5 muestra un molde de conformación de la curvatura para las caras superior e inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. [0020] Figure 5 shows a mold for forming the curvature for the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0021] A continuación, se detallarán distintas formas de realización preferente de un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda, haciendo referencia a los dibujos adjuntos. No obstante lo anterior, a menos que se indique lo contrario, la disposición, dimensiones, materiales y otros aspectos de las partes y piezas del sistema que constituyen las respectivas formas de realización preferente, se interpretarán únicamente como ilustrativas y no como limitativas del ámbito de la presente invención. [0021] Next, different preferred embodiments of a system for the production of stringed musical instruments will be detailed, referring to the drawings attachments. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise indicated, the arrangement, dimensions, materials and other aspects of the parts and pieces of the system that constitute the respective preferred embodiments, shall be construed solely as illustrative and not as limiting the scope of the present invention.
[0022] De acuerdo con las configuraciones mostradas en las figuras 1 y 2, la presente invención consiste en un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda, como violines, violas y similares, que permite una disminución en la complejidad de los mecanismos convencionales y de los tiempos y costos involucrados en el proceso de elaboración. El sistema comprende: [0022] According to the configurations shown in figures 1 and 2, the present invention consists of a system for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments, such as violins, violas and the like, which allows a reduction in the complexity of conventional mechanisms. and the times and costs involved in the production process. The system comprises:
• una placa de molde inferior (1 10) que incluye una cavidad para alojar una cara inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento musical; • a lower mold plate (1 10) that includes a cavity to house a lower face (210) of the acoustic box of the musical instrument;
• una placa de molde superior (130) que incluye una cavidad para alojar una cara superior (230) de la caja acústica del instrumento; • an upper mold plate (130) that includes a cavity to accommodate an upper face (230) of the acoustic box of the instrument;
• una placa intermedia (120) que posee una perforación (125) con la forma del contorno de las caras laterales de la caja acústica del instrumento, y que es complementaria y acoplable con las placas de molde superior (130) e inferior (1 10), para permitir el acoplamiento de las distintas caras de la caja acústica del instrumento; y • An intermediate plate (120) that has a perforation (125) in the shape of the contour of the side faces of the acoustic box of the instrument, and that is complementary and fitable with the upper (130) and lower (1 10) mold plates. ), to allow the coupling of the different faces of the acoustic box of the instrument; and
. una pluralidad de elementos interiores de prensa (140) que se disponen al interior de la perforación (125) de la placa intermedia, en donde los elementos interiores de prensa son expansibles mediante un mecanismo de expansión para permitir la conformación de la curvatura de las caras laterales de la caja acústica. . a plurality of internal press elements (140) that are arranged inside the perforation (125) of the intermediate plate, wherein the internal press elements are expandable by means of an expansion mechanism to allow the conformation of the curvature of the faces sides of the acoustic box.
[0023] De esta manera, tal como se muestra más claramente en la figura 2, la interacción de las placas inferior (110), superior (120) e intermedia (130) permiten el acoplamiento y fijación de las distintas caras de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. Para este fin, las placas de molde inferior (110), intermedia (120) y superior (130) comprenden perforaciones (151 ) en sus esquinas, las cuales sirven para acoplar y fijar cada una de estas placas entre sí mediante la utilización de pernos, pasadores o tornillos (152), permitiendo así el acoplamiento y fijación de las distintas caras de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. [0023] In this way, as shown more clearly in figure 2, the interaction of the lower (110), upper (120) and intermediate (130) plates allow the coupling and fixing of the different faces of the loudspeaker of the musical instrument. For this purpose, the lower (110), intermediate (120) and upper (130) mold plates include perforations (151) in their corners, which serve to couple and fix each of these plates together by using bolts. , pins or screws (152), thus allowing the coupling and fixing of the different faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
[0024] Preferentemente, la placa superior comprende una perforación (135) que permite el posicionamiento y fijación de un mango (240) del instrumento a la caja acústica. [0025] De acuerdo con la figura 2, en algunas configuraciones de la invención la placa intermedia comprende ranuras (126) en cada una de las esquinas del contorno interior de la perforación (125). Tal como se mencionó previamente, la perforación (125) posee la forma del contorno de las caras laterales de la caja acústica del instrumento, y mediante la expansión de la pluralidad de elementos interiores de prensa (140) las respectivas láminas que componen las caras laterales (220) del instrumento se unen entre sí para conformar los contornos curvos del instrumento. Normalmente, durante el proceso de unión de las láminas, los bordes de dichas láminas se ponen en contacto entre sí mediante la superposición de ambos bordes, lo cual provoca pequeñas imperfecciones en la unión de cada punto de unión en las esquinas de las caras laterales de la caja acústica. Con el objeto de permitir la presencia de dichas imperfecciones y facilitar el proceso de unión de dichas láminas, la placa intermedia (120) posee las ranuras (126) en cada esquina de su contorno interior, de modo que las imperfecciones generadas pueden ser posteriormente corregidas en un proceso posterior, durante la terminación del instrumento, ya sea mediante procesos de lijado u otros. [0024] Preferably, the upper plate comprises a perforation (135) that allows the positioning and fixing of a handle (240) of the instrument to the acoustic box. [0025] According to figure 2, in some configurations of the invention the intermediate plate comprises grooves (126) in each of the corners of the internal contour of the perforation (125). As previously mentioned, the perforation (125) has the shape of the contour of the side faces of the acoustic box of the instrument, and by expanding the plurality of interior elements of the press (140) the respective sheets that make up the side faces (220) of the instrument join together to form the curved contours of the instrument. Normally, during the joining process of the sheets, the edges of said sheets come into contact with each other by overlapping both edges, which causes small imperfections in the joining of each joining point in the corners of the side faces of the sheets. the acoustic box. In order to allow the presence of said imperfections and facilitate the joining process of said sheets, the intermediate plate (120) has slots (126) in each corner of its inner contour, so that the generated imperfections can be later corrected. in a subsequent process, during the completion of the instrument, either through sanding or other processes.
[0026] De acuerdo con la figura 3, en configuraciones preferentes de la invención las caras superior e inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical están conformadas por la unión de dos o más láminas de madera (215), las que poseen las mismas dimensiones y se adhieren entre sí para conformar el espesor necesario para las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) del instrumento musical. El conjunto conformado por la unión de las láminas (215) es dispuesto posteriormente en el conjunto de molde de curvatura (160) para otorgar la curvatura necesaria de las caras del instrumento musical. Más preferentemente, ambas caras, superior (230) e inferior (210), están conformadas por la unión de dos mitades complementarias (216), ambas mitades constituidas por la unión de dichas láminas (215), tal como se muestra más claramente en la figura 4. [0026] According to figure 3, in preferred configurations of the invention, the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument are formed by the union of two or more sheets of wood (215), which have the same dimensions. and they adhere to each other to form the necessary thickness for the upper (230) and lower (210) faces of the musical instrument. The assembly formed by the union of the sheets (215) is subsequently arranged in the curvature mold assembly (160) to provide the necessary curvature of the faces of the musical instrument. More preferably, both faces, upper (230) and lower (210), are formed by the union of two complementary halves (216), both halves constituted by the union of said sheets (215), as shown more clearly in the figure 4.
[0027] De acuerdo con la figura 5, el sistema comprende un conjunto de molde de curvatura (160), el cual preferentemente comprende placas de molde complementarias que poseen una superficie curvada que brinda la curvatura a las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. Más preferentemente, el conjunto de molde de curvatura (160) comprende una primera placa de molde de curvatura (161 ) que posee una superficie cóncava que se complementa con una segunda placa de molde de curvatura (162) que posee una superficie convexa. De acuerdo con la figura 3, en configuraciones preferentes de la invención estas primera y segunda placa de molde de curvatura operan en forma complementaria para proporcionar la curvatura a una mitad (216) de cada cara de las caras superior e inferior (210, 230). De esta manera, las mitades (216) de las caras superior e inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical se disponen entre ambas placas de molde de curvatura (161 , 162), de modo que al acoplarse ambas placas de molde de curvatura deforman las láminas dispuestas entre ambas y sostienen su posición durante un tiempo predeterminado bajo condiciones termodinámicas controladas. [0027] According to figure 5, the system comprises a curvature mold assembly (160), which preferably comprises complementary mold plates that have a curved surface that provides curvature to the upper (230) and lower (230) faces. 210) of the acoustic box of the musical instrument. More preferably, the camber mold assembly (160) comprises a first camber mold plate (161) having a concave surface that is complemented by a second camber mold plate (162) having a convex surface. According to figure 3, in preferred configurations of the invention these first and second curvature mold plates operate in a complementary way to provide the curvature to one half (216) of each face of the upper and lower faces (210, 230). . In this way, the halves (216) of the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument are arranged between both curvature mold plates (161, 162), so that when both curvature mold plates engage, they deform the sheets arranged between them and hold their position for a predetermined time under thermodynamic conditions controlled.
[0028] Preferentemente, el dimensionamiento de los elementos constituyentes del instrumento musical se diseña mediante un modelamiento computacional, a partir de lo cual se puede utilizar distintas herramientas para la elaboración de las piezas. Más preferentemente, las piezas son hechas de madera y se dimensionan en primera instancia mediante un cepillo eléctrico para otorgar las dimensiones correctas, luego de lo cual se pueden utilizar herramientas de corte, como una máquina CNC láser, con el objeto de permitir el desarrollo de ejemplares homologados que permitan una disminución en los costos de producción. [0028] Preferably, the dimensioning of the constituent elements of the musical instrument is designed by means of a computational modeling, from which different tools can be used to make the pieces. More preferably, the parts are made of wood and are first sized using a power planer to give the correct dimensions, after which cutting tools such as a laser CNC machine can be used to allow the development of approved specimens that allow a reduction in production costs.
[0029] Adicionalmente, la invención contempla un método para la para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda, que comprende: a. localizar unas láminas de caras laterales (220) de una caja acústica del instrumento musical y elementos interiores de soporte (250) al interior de una perforación (125) de una placa intermedia (120); b. accionar unos elementos interiores de prensa (140) ubicados al interior de dicha perforación (125) mediante un mecanismo de accionamiento, de modo que los elementos interiores de prensa se expanden y ejercen presión sobre las láminas y los elementos interiores de soporte, ajustándolos al contorno de las caras internas de la placa intermedia (120); c. pegar una cara inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento en un extremo de las láminas de caras laterales y acoplar una placa de molde inferior (110) a la placa intermedia (120); d. fijar un mango (240) del instrumento musical en uno de los elementos interiores de soporte (250); y e. pegar una cara superior (230) de la caja acústica del instrumento en el extremo opuesto de las láminas de caras laterales y acoplar una placa de molde superior (130) a la placa intermedia (120). [0030] Preferentemente, previo al curvado de las caras laterales (220), el método incluye someter dichas láminas a un baño a vapor de manera uniforme, a una temperatura de alrededor de 100 °C, durante alrededor de 10 minutos. Además, luego de ser curvadas las láminas de las caras laterales (220) dentro de la perforación (125) de la placa intermedia (120), el método incluye el paso de adherir los extremos de las láminas de las caras laterales (220) mediante el uso de adhesivo. Una vez que las láminas de caras laterales han sido curvadas hasta la forma deseada y se ha incluido el adhesivo, éstas se dejan reposar preferentemente durante un tiempo de alrededor de 48 horas. [0029] Additionally, the invention contemplates a method for the production of stringed musical instruments, comprising: a. locating some sheets of side faces (220) of an acoustic box of the musical instrument and internal support elements (250) inside a perforation (125) of an intermediate plate (120); b. actuate internal press elements (140) located inside said perforation (125) by means of a drive mechanism, so that the internal press elements expand and exert pressure on the sheets and internal support elements, adjusting them to the contour of the internal faces of the intermediate plate (120); c. gluing a bottom face (210) of the instrument cabinet to one end of the side face sheets and attaching a bottom mold plate (110) to the intermediate plate (120); d. fixing a handle (240) of the musical instrument on one of the inner support members (250); and e. gluing a top face (230) of the instrument cabinet to the opposite end of the side face sheets and attaching a top mold plate (130) to the intermediate plate (120). [0030] Preferably, prior to bending the side faces (220), the method includes subjecting said sheets to a steam bath in a uniform manner, at a temperature of around 100 °C, for around 10 minutes. Furthermore, after the side face sheets (220) are bent into the perforation (125) of the intermediate plate (120), the method includes the step of adhering the ends of the side face sheets (220) by the use of adhesive. Once the sidewall sheets have been bent to the desired shape and the adhesive has been included, they are preferably left to set for a time of about 48 hours.
[0031] El método comprende además un paso previo de dimensionamiento y acondicionamiento de los elementos que constituyen las partes del instrumento musical. Preferentemente, este paso incluye un primer dimensionamiento de las piezas, preferentemente hechas de madera, mediante un cepillo eléctrico para otorgar las dimensiones correctas a los elementos. Posteriormente, algunas de las piezas son cortadas, preferentemente mediante corte láser, mientras que otras piezas son dimensionadas mediante sistemas CNC. [0031] The method also includes a previous step of sizing and conditioning the elements that make up the parts of the musical instrument. Preferably, this step includes a first dimensioning of the pieces, preferably made of wood, using an electric brush to give the correct dimensions to the elements. Subsequently, some of the pieces are cut, preferably by laser cutting, while other pieces are dimensioned by CNC systems.
[0032] El método comprende un paso previo adicional de conformación de las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. De acuerdo con la figura 3, la conformación de estas caras comprende un primer paso de unir dos o más láminas de madera (215), las cuales poseen las mismas dimensiones y se unen mediante adhesivo. Como se muestra más claramente en la figura 4, en configuraciones preferentes de la invención las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) se conforman a partir de la unión de dos mitades (216), en donde cada mitad está conformada por la unión de dos o más láminas de madera (215). [0032] The method comprises an additional previous step of shaping the upper (230) and lower (210) faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument. According to figure 3, the conformation of these faces comprises a first step of joining two or more sheets of wood (215), which have the same dimensions and are joined by adhesive. As shown more clearly in Figure 4, in preferred configurations of the invention, the upper (230) and lower (210) faces are formed from the union of two halves (216), where each half is formed by the union of two or more sheets of wood (215).
[0033] Posterior a la conformación de las caras superior (230) e inferior (210), el método incluye el paso de formar la curvatura de las caras superior (230) e inferior (210), lo cual comprende un paso de someter las láminas (215) a vapor a una temperatura de alrededor de 100 °C durante alrededor de 10 minutos. Luego, el conjunto de láminas adheridas se dispone en moldes de curvatura (160), en donde se someten a presión para alcanzar la curvatura deseada y se dejan reposar durante un tiempo de alrededor de 48 horas. [0033] After forming the upper (230) and lower (210) faces, the method includes the step of forming the curvature of the upper (230) and lower (210) faces, which comprises a step of subjecting the sheets (215) to steam at a temperature of about 100 °C for about 10 minutes. Then, the set of adhered sheets is arranged in curvature molds (160), where they are subjected to pressure to achieve the desired curvature and are left to rest for a period of around 48 hours.
[0034] Tal como se muestra en las figuras 3 a 5, preferentemente las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) se conforman en la forma de mitades separadas (216), las cuales son sometidas al proceso de conformación de curvatura por separado, y ambas mitades son posteriormente unidas mediante adhesivo para alcanzar la forma final de las caras superior e inferior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. En esta configuración, las mitades (216) de ambas caras se sobredimensionan en uno de los bordes de dichas mitades, particularmente en el borde de unión de las dos mitades. Dicho sobredimensionamiento es corregido luego del proceso de curvatura, removiendo una sección del borde (217) de cada mitad, como se muestra en la figura 3. Este proceso de remoción de los bordes permite obtener una superficie de unión de las mitades (216) más apta para el pegado de dichas mitades, mejorando así el proceso de conformación de las caras superior (220) e inferior (210). [0034] As shown in figures 3 to 5, preferably the upper (230) and lower (210) faces are formed in the form of separate halves (216), which are subjected to the curvature forming process separately , and both halves are later joined by adhesive to reach the final shape of the upper and lower faces of the musical instrument acoustic box. In this configuration, the halves (216) of both faces are oversized at one of the edges of said halves, particularly at the joining edge of the two halves. Said oversizing is corrected after the curvature process, removing a section of the edge (217) of each half, as shown in figure 3. This process of removing the edges makes it possible to obtain a larger joining surface of the halves (216). suitable for gluing said halves, thus improving the process of forming the upper (220) and lower (210) faces.
[0035] Volviendo a la figura 2, el acoplamiento del mango (240) del instrumento musical incluye preferentemente el paso de unir, mediante adhesivo, el mango (240) en uno de los elementos de soporte (250), ubicado en el extremo posterior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical, en donde dicho elemento de soporte es comúnmente denominado en el estado de la técnica como “taco superior”. Posteriormente, el adhesivo se deja reposar durante un tiempo de alrededor de 4 horas. [0035] Returning to figure 2, the coupling of the handle (240) of the musical instrument preferably includes the step of joining, by means of adhesive, the handle (240) in one of the support elements (250), located at the rear end of the acoustic box of the musical instrument, wherein said support element is commonly referred to in the state of the art as "upper plug". Subsequently, the adhesive is allowed to settle for a time of around 4 hours.
[0036] Preferentemente, las láminas y los distintos elementos que constituyen la caja acústica son de madera, y el adhesivo utilizado para la unión de estos distintos elementos es del tipo “poliyurethane liquid glue waterproof titebond”, u otros similares, debido a sus buenas propiedades para el pegado de madera, como la resistencia a la humedad y el secado rápido. [0036] Preferably, the sheets and the different elements that make up the speaker box are made of wood, and the adhesive used to join these different elements is of the "polyyurethane liquid glue waterproof titebond" type, or other similar ones, due to its good properties. properties for wood gluing, such as moisture resistance and quick drying.
[0037] Posterior a la unión de las distintas partes de la caja acústica y el mango del instrumento musical, el método incluye retirar el instrumento del sistema de moldes y llevar a cabo labores de acabado del instrumento, como el paso de lijar los bordes y uniones de los distintos elementos, el posicionamiento y fijación de accesorios, como el puente, clavijas, barra armónica, alma y otros, en el caso de violines, violas y similares, y otras acciones alternativas como por ejemplo el barnizado o pintado del instrumento musical. [0037] After joining the different parts of the acoustic box and the neck of the musical instrument, the method includes removing the instrument from the mold system and carrying out finishing work on the instrument, such as sanding the edges and unions of the different elements, the positioning and fixing of accessories, such as the bridge, pegs, harmonic bar, soul and others, in the case of violins, violas and the like, and other alternative actions such as varnishing or painting the musical instrument .
[0038] Finalmente, cabe destacar que la invención se ha descrito principalmente con referencia a algunas realizaciones preferentes, ejemplificadas en las figuras acompañadas. Sin embargo, un experto en el arte podrá reconocer de manera evidente que otras realizaciones o modificaciones son igualmente posibles dentro del espíritu de la invención. Por ejemplo, las dimensiones, formas o la ubicación de los distintos elementos pueden vahar de acuerdo a requerimientos específicos de cada implementación. Por consiguiente, la descripción detallada precedentemente ha de entenderse en forma amplia, limitándose el espíritu y alcance de la invención únicamente por las reivindicaciones adjuntas. Listado de referencias [0038] Finally, it should be noted that the invention has been described mainly with reference to some preferred embodiments, exemplified in the accompanying figures. However, a person skilled in the art will clearly recognize that other embodiments or modifications are equally possible within the spirit of the invention. For example, the dimensions, shapes or the location of the different elements can vary according to the specific requirements of each implementation. Accordingly, the foregoing detailed description is to be broadly understood, the spirit and scope of the invention being limited solely by the appended claims. References list
Placa de molde inferior 110Lower mold plate 110
Placa de molde intermedia 120Intermediate mold plate 120
Perforación de placa intermedia 125Intermediate plate drilling 125
Ranuras de placa intermedia 126Intermediate Plate Slots 126
Placa de molde superior 130Upper mold plate 130
Moldes de curvatura 160Curvature molds 160
Primera placa de molde de curvatura 161First Curvature Mold Plate 161
Segunda placa de molde de curvatura 162Second bend mold plate 162
Perforaciones de placas de molde 151Mold plate perforations 151
Pernos, pasadores o tornillos 152Bolts, pins or screws 152
Cara inferior 210Bottom face 210
Caras laterales 220Side faces 220
Cara superior 230Top face 230
Mango 240handle 240
Elementos interiores de soporte 250Interior support elements 250
Láminas de madera 215Wood sheets 215
Mitades de cara superior e inferior 216 Upper and Lower Face Halves 216

Claims

PLIEGO DE REIVINDICACIONES CLAIMS SHEET
1 . Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda que permite una disminución en la complejidad de los mecanismos convencionales y de los tiempos y costos involucrados en el proceso de elaboración, CARACTERIZADO porque comprende: 1 . A system for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments that allows a reduction in the complexity of conventional mechanisms and the time and costs involved in the elaboration process, CHARACTERIZED because it includes:
• una placa de molde inferior (1 10) que incluye una cavidad para alojar una cara inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento musical; • a lower mold plate (1 10) that includes a cavity to house a lower face (210) of the acoustic box of the musical instrument;
• una placa de molde superior (130) que incluye una cavidad para alojar una cara superior (230) de la caja acústica del instrumento; • an upper mold plate (130) that includes a cavity to accommodate an upper face (230) of the acoustic box of the instrument;
• una placa intermedia (120) que posee una perforación (125) con la forma del contorno de las caras laterales de la caja acústica del instrumento, y que es complementaria y acoplable con las placas de molde superior (130) e inferior (1 10), para permitir el acoplamiento de las distintas caras de la caja acústica del instrumento; y • An intermediate plate (120) that has a perforation (125) in the shape of the contour of the side faces of the acoustic box of the instrument, and that is complementary and fitable with the upper (130) and lower (1 10) mold plates. ), to allow the coupling of the different faces of the acoustic box of the instrument; and
• una pluralidad de elementos interiores de prensa (140) que se disponen al interior de la perforación (125) de la placa intermedia, en donde los elementos interiores de prensa son expansibles mediante un mecanismo de expansión para permitir la conformación de la curvatura de las caras laterales de la caja acústica. • a plurality of internal press elements (140) that are arranged inside the perforation (125) of the intermediate plate, wherein the internal press elements are expandable by means of an expansion mechanism to allow the conformation of the curvature of the side faces of the acoustic box.
2. Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque las placas de molde inferior (110), intermedia (120) y superior (130) comprenden perforaciones (151 ) en sus esquinas, que sirven para acoplar y fijar cada una de estas placas entre sí mediante la utilización de pernos, pasadores o tornillos (152). 2. A system for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the lower (110), intermediate (120) and upper (130) mold plates comprise perforations (151) in their corners, which serve to couple and fix each of these plates together by using bolts, pins or screws (152).
3. Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la placa superior (230) comprende una perforación (135) que permite el posicionamiento y fijación del mango (240) a la caja acústica. 3. A system for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the upper plate (230) comprises a perforation (135) that allows the positioning and fixing of the handle (240) to the acoustic box.
4. Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la placa intermedia comprende ranuras (126) en cada una de las esquinas del contorno interior de la perforación (125) que facilitan el proceso de unión de las láminas que componen las caras laterales (220). 4. A system for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the intermediate plate comprises slots (126) in each of the corners of the inner contour of the perforation (125) that facilitate the joining process of the sheets that make up the lateral faces (220).
5. Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque las caras superior e inferior de la caja acústica están conformadas por la unión de láminas de madera (215) que poseen las mismas dimensiones y que se adhieren entre sí. 5. A system for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the upper and lower faces of the acoustic box are formed by the union of sheets of wood (215) that have the same dimensions and that are stick to each other.
6. Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 5, CARACTERIZADO porque el conjunto conformado por la unión de las láminas (215) es dispuesto en un conjunto de molde de curvatura (160) que otorga la curvatura de las caras del instrumento musical. 6. A system for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED in that the set formed by the union of the sheets (215) is arranged in a set of curvature mold (160) that grants the curvature of the faces of the musical instrument.
7. Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 6, CARACTERIZADO porque ambas caras, superior (230) e inferior (210), están conformadas por la unión de dos mitades complementarias (216), ambas mitades constituidas por la unión de dos o más láminas (215). 7. A system for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED in that both faces, upper (230) and lower (210), are formed by the union of two complementary halves (216), both halves made up of by the union of two or more sheets (215).
8. Un sistema para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 6, CARACTERIZADO porque el conjunto de molde de curvatura (160) comprende placas de molde complementarias (161 , 162) que poseen una superficie curvada que brinda la curvatura a las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento musical. 8. A system for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED in that the curvature mold assembly (160) comprises complementary mold plates (161, 162) that have a curved surface that provides the curvature to the upper (230) and lower (210) faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument.
9. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda que permite una disminución en la complejidad de los mecanismos convencionales y de los tiempos y costos involucrados en el proceso de elaboración, CARACTERIZADO porque comprende: a. localizar unas láminas de caras laterales (220) de una caja acústica del instrumento musical y elementos interiores de soporte (250) al interior de una perforación (125) de una placa intermedia (120); b. accionar unos elementos interiores de prensa (140) ubicados al interior de dicha perforación (125) mediante un mecanismo de accionamiento, de modo que los elementos interiores de prensa se expanden y ejercen presión sobre las láminas y los elementos interiores de soporte, ajustándolos al contorno de las caras internas de la placa intermedia (120); c. pegar una cara inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento en un extremo de las láminas de caras laterales y acoplar una placa de molde inferior (1 10) a la placa intermedia (120); d. fijar un mango (240) del instrumento musical en uno de los elementos interiores de soporte (250); y e. pegar una cara superior (230) de la caja acústica del instrumento en el extremo opuesto de las láminas de caras laterales y acoplar una placa de molde superior (130) a la placa intermedia (120). 9. A method for the elaboration of stringed musical instruments that allows a reduction in the complexity of conventional mechanisms and the time and costs involved in the elaboration process, CHARACTERIZED because it includes: a. locating some sheets of side faces (220) of an acoustic box of the musical instrument and internal support elements (250) inside a perforation (125) of an intermediate plate (120); b. actuate internal press elements (140) located inside said perforation (125) by means of a drive mechanism, so that the internal press elements expand and exert pressure on the sheets and internal support elements, adjusting them to the contour of the internal faces of the intermediate plate (120); c. gluing a bottom face (210) of the instrument cabinet to one end of the side face sheets and attaching a bottom mold plate (1 10) to the intermediate plate (120); d. fixing a handle (240) of the musical instrument on one of the inner support members (250); and e. gluing a top face (230) of the instrument cabinet to the opposite end of the side face sheets and attaching a top mold plate (130) to the intermediate plate (120).
10. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, CARACTERIZADO porque, previo al curvado de las caras laterales (220), el método incluye someter las láminas de caras laterales a un baño a vapor de manera uniforme, a una temperatura de alrededor de 100 °C, durante alrededor de 10 minutos. 10. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED in that, prior to bending the side faces (220), the method includes subjecting the side face sheets to a steam bath in a uniform manner , at a temperature of about 100 °C, for about 10 minutes.
1 1. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, CARACTERIZADO porque luego de ser curvadas las láminas de caras laterales (220) dentro de la perforación (125) de la placa intermedia (120), el método incluye el paso de adherir los extremos de las láminas de las caras laterales (220) mediante el uso de adhesivo, y dejar reposar durante un tiempo de alrededor de 48 horas. 1 1. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED in that after the side face sheets (220) are bent inside the perforation (125) of the intermediate plate (120), the The method includes the step of adhering the ends of the sheets of the side faces (220) by using adhesive, and letting it rest for a time of about 48 hours.
12. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, CARACTERIZADO porque comprende un paso previo adicional de conformación de las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) de la caja acústica del instrumento musical, que comprende un primer paso de unir mediante adhesivo láminas de madera (215) que poseen las mismas dimensiones. 12. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises an additional previous step of shaping the upper (230) and lower (210) faces of the acoustic box of the musical instrument, comprising a first step of joining by means of adhesive sheets of wood (215) that have the same dimensions.
13. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 12, CARACTERIZADO porque las caras superior (230) e inferior (210) se conforman a partir de la unión de dos mitades (216), en donde cada mitad está conformada por la unión de dos o más láminas de madera (215). 13. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 12, CHARACTERIZED in that the upper (230) and lower (210) faces are formed from the union of two halves (216), where each half It is formed by the union of two or more sheets of wood (215).
14. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 13, CARACTERIZADO porque incluye el paso de someter dichas caras superior (230) e inferior (210) a vapor a una temperatura de alrededor de 100 °C durante alrededor de 10 minutos, y posteriormente disponerlas en moldes de curvatura (160), en donde se someten a presión y se dejan reposar durante un tiempo de alrededor de 48 horas. 14. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that it includes the step of subjecting said upper (230) and lower (210) faces to steam at a temperature of around 100 °C for around of 10 minutes, and later arrange them in curvature molds (160), where they are subjected to pressure and allowed to rest for a period of around 48 hours.
15. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 14, CARACTERIZADO porque las mitades (216) de ambas caras (210, 230) se sobredimensionan en el borde de unión de las dos mitades, lo cual es corregido luego del proceso de curvatura, removiendo una sección del borde (217) de cada mitad. 15. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED in that the halves (216) of both faces (210, 230) are oversized at the joining edge of the two halves, which is corrected after the bending process, removing a section of the edge (217) of each half.
16. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, CARACTERIZADO porque el acoplamiento del mango (240) incluye el paso de unir, mediante adhesivo, el mango (240) en uno de los elementos de soporte (250), ubicado en el extremo posterior de la caja acústica del instrumento musical, y dejar reposar el adhesivo durante un tiempo de alrededor de 4 horas. 16. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED in that the coupling of the handle (240) includes the step of joining, by means of adhesive, the handle (240) in one of the support elements ( 250), located at the rear end of the acoustic box of the musical instrument, and let the adhesive set for about 4 hours.
17. Un método para la elaboración de instrumentos musicales de cuerda de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, CARACTERIZADO porque posterior a la unión de las distintas partes de la caja acústica y el mango del instrumento musical, el método incluye retirar el instrumento del sistema de moldes y llevar a cabo labores de acabado del instrumento, que incluyen el paso de lijar bordes y uniones de los distintos elementos, el posicionamiento de accesorios, entre otras. 17. A method for making stringed musical instruments according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED in that after joining the different parts of the acoustic box and the handle of the musical instrument, the method includes removing the instrument from the mold system and carry out finishing tasks on the instrument, which include sanding the edges and joints of the different elements, positioning accessories, among others.
PCT/CL2022/050001 2021-12-24 2022-01-03 System and method for producing stringed musical instruments WO2023115233A1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3424048A (en) * 1967-10-12 1969-01-28 Macaldo Guitars Inc Guitar kit
US7235728B2 (en) * 2004-08-24 2007-06-26 Martin Schleske Soundboard of composite fibre material construction for acoustic musical instruments
CN102622992A (en) * 2012-03-28 2012-08-01 张建宇 Split-type combined external fixed violin internal model
US20150245561A1 (en) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-03 Fernando Dela Cruz Juan Apparatus and Methods for Making Musical Instruments From Molded Gourds and Musical Instruments Made Therefrom
US20170337905A1 (en) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-23 Andrew Glasser Apparatus and Methods for Carbon Composite Stringed Instruments

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3424048A (en) * 1967-10-12 1969-01-28 Macaldo Guitars Inc Guitar kit
US7235728B2 (en) * 2004-08-24 2007-06-26 Martin Schleske Soundboard of composite fibre material construction for acoustic musical instruments
CN102622992A (en) * 2012-03-28 2012-08-01 张建宇 Split-type combined external fixed violin internal model
US20150245561A1 (en) * 2014-03-03 2015-09-03 Fernando Dela Cruz Juan Apparatus and Methods for Making Musical Instruments From Molded Gourds and Musical Instruments Made Therefrom
US20170337905A1 (en) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-23 Andrew Glasser Apparatus and Methods for Carbon Composite Stringed Instruments

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