WO2023112938A1

WO2023112938A1 - Solid fuel combustion device

Info

Publication number: WO2023112938A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/045951
Authority: WO
Inventors: 裕司谷村; 則夫橋本
Original assignee: 株式会社湘南貿易; 裕司谷村
Priority date: 2021-12-14
Filing date: 2022-12-13
Publication date: 2023-06-22
Also published as: JPWO2023112938A1; JP7355311B1; JP2023162444A

Abstract

Provided is a solid fuel combustion device that can suitably supply solid fuel corresponding to the combustion capability of a combustion furnace, even if the solid fuel being handled is changed. This solid fuel combustion device 1, which comprises a cylindrical combustion furnace 10 extending in the vertical direction, and a fuel supply unit 20 supplying solid fuel into the combustion furnace 10, comprises: a fuel receptor 50 that has an inverted-cone-shaped main body 51 disposed on a lower end side inside the combustion furnace 10, is supplied with solid fuel from a lower end opening of the main body 51, and supports the solid fuel during combustion; a fuel supply path 16 that is disposed in the combustion furnace 10, extends downward from the lower end opening of the fuel receptor 50, and has a fuel supply port 18 formed on a lower end thereof; and a fuel supply unit 20 that is connected to the fuel supply port 18 of the combustion supply path 16 and supplies solid fuel into the combustion furnace 10, wherein the fuel supply unit 20 is configured to be attachable /detachable to/from the combustion furnace 10.

Description

Combustion device for solid fuel

The present invention relates to a combustion device that burns solid fuel to generate high-temperature combustion gas.

In this type of combustion device, a cylindrical combustion cylinder having a smaller diameter and height than the outer cylinder is concentrically arranged inside the outer cylinder. An annular ash discharge passage is provided between the surface and the outer peripheral surface of the combustion cylinder, and a fuel supply pipe for solid fuel is connected to the lower end of the combustion cylinder in communication (Patent Reference 1). In Patent Document 1, a screw is arranged inside a fuel supply pipe, and solid fuel is conveyed and supplied by the rotation of the screw.

Japanese Patent No. 4794018

However, in the combustion device described in Patent Document 1, since the fuel supply pipe and screw for delivering solid fuel are fixedly provided, the specifications of the fuel supply pipe and screw cannot be changed. As a result, if the solid fuel to be handled is changed and the density, shape, etc. of the solid fuel are significantly different from what was assumed, it may not be in an appropriate supply state according to the combustion capacity of the combustion furnace. Therefore, the types of solid fuel that can be handled by each combustion device are limited.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a solid fuel combustion apparatus capable of providing an appropriate solid fuel supply state according to the combustion capacity of a combustion furnace even if the solid fuel to be handled is changed. intended to provide

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention,
a cylindrical combustion furnace extending in the vertical direction;
It is arranged on the lower end side in the combustion furnace, has an inverted conical main body that expands upward and has open upper and lower ends, and solid fuel is supplied from the lower end opening of the main body, and solid fuel during combustion a fuel receptacle supporting
a fuel supply passage disposed in the combustion furnace, extending downward from a lower end opening of the fuel receiver, and having a fuel supply port formed at the lower end thereof;
a fuel supply unit connected to the fuel supply port of the combustion supply path and supplying solid fuel into the combustion furnace;
A solid fuel combustion apparatus is provided in which the fuel supply unit is configured to be detachable from the combustion furnace.

Further, in the solid fuel combustion apparatus,
The fuel supply unit
a fuel delivery unit that delivers the solid fuel to the combustion furnace;
It is preferable to have a supply amount adjusting member formed with a fuel supply hole through which the solid fuel is inserted and which is interposed between the fuel delivery unit and the combustion furnace.

Further, in the solid fuel combustion apparatus,
comprising a plurality of fuel supply units with different specifications,
Preferably, one of said fuel supplies is selectively attached to said combustion furnace.

Further, in the solid fuel combustion apparatus,
Preferably, the fuel receiver is configured to be rotatable with respect to the combustion furnace, and has vanes formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof to move the solid fuel upward.

Further, in the solid fuel combustion apparatus,
Preferably, the fuel receptacle has a table portion extending radially outwardly from the upper end of the body, and a discharge hole formed in the table portion for discharging ash.

Further, in the solid fuel combustion apparatus,
It is preferable to provide a scraper that is fixed to the combustion furnace, extends above the table portion, and scrapes off the ash deposited on the upper surface of the table portion.

According to the solid fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, even if the solid fuel to be handled is changed, it is possible to provide an appropriate solid fuel supply state according to the combustion capacity of the combustion furnace.

1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a solid fuel combustion apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a flow path of air to be supplied; FIG. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the combustion apparatus showing a state in which the fuel supply unit is removed from the combustion furnace; FIG. 4 is a plan view of the fuel receiver; 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a solid fuel combustion apparatus showing a solid fuel transfer route, an ash transfer route, and a combustion gas distribution route; FIG.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a solid fuel combustion apparatus showing the flow path of supplied air, and FIG. 2 is a state in which the fuel supply unit is removed from the combustion furnace. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fuel receiver, FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the solid fuel combustion device showing the movement path of the solid fuel, the movement path of the ash, and the circulation path of the combustion gas be.

As shown in FIG. 1, the solid fuel combustion apparatus 1 includes a vertically extending cylindrical combustion furnace 10 and a fuel supply section 20 that supplies solid fuel F to the combustion furnace 10 . The combustion furnace 10 has a plurality of cylindrical tubular bodies, and the tubular bodies arranged mainly radially inward form a vertically extending combustion chamber 11 . The combustion furnace 10 has

air introduction paths

12, 13, 14, and 15 formed radially outside the combustion chamber 11, and air A is introduced into the combustion chamber 11 through the

air introduction paths

12, 13, 14, and 15. be. Further, the combustion furnace 10 has a fuel supply passage 16 formed below the combustion chamber 11 and extending vertically, and the solid fuel F is introduced into the combustion chamber 11 through the fuel supply passage 16 .

The

air introduction paths

12, 13, 14, and 15 are mainly formed by an inner cylindrical body and an outer cylindrical body. In this embodiment, the combustion furnace 10 has four

air introduction paths

12, 13, 14, and 15 with different discharge heights of the air A into the combustion chamber 11. The temperature is adjusted so that the

air introduction passages

12, 13, 14, and 15 with higher discharge heights have a higher temperature. In this embodiment, the

air introduction passages

12 , 13 , 14 , 15 are arranged in ascending order of discharge height from the radially inner side to the outer side, and discharge the air A in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber 11 . configured to

The fuel supply passage 16 is formed in the center in the radial direction and formed by a cylindrical body forming the lower end of the combustion furnace 10 . A lower end opening of the fuel supply passage 16 forms a fuel supply port 18 , an upper end opening of the fuel supply passage 16 forms a supply connection port 17 , and a horizontally extending flange 19 is formed at the lower end of the fuel supply passage 16 .

The fuel supply unit 20 is connected to the lower end of the combustion furnace 10 and supplies solid fuel F into the combustion furnace 10 through the fuel supply port 18 of the combustion furnace 10 . The fuel supply unit 20 includes a fuel delivery unit 30 for delivering the solid fuel F to the combustion furnace 10 side, and a fuel supply hole 41 interposed between the fuel delivery unit 30 and the combustion furnace 10 and through which the solid fuel F is inserted. and a supply amount adjusting member 40 . As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel supply unit 20 is detachable from the combustion furnace 10. As shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, the fuel delivery section 30 has a horizontally extending delivery pipe 31, a screw 32 arranged in the delivery pipe 31, and a connection pipe 33 extending upward from a predetermined position of the delivery pipe 31. . The screw 32 has a rotatable shaft portion 34 and spiral blades 35 extending radially outward from the shaft portion 34 . The screw 32 delivers the solid fuel F in the delivery pipe 31 to the connecting pipe 33 side by rotating in a predetermined direction. The upper end of the connecting pipe 33 forms a delivery port 36, and the upper end of the connecting pipe 33 is formed with a flange 37 extending horizontally outward. In this embodiment, a plurality of fuel delivery units 30 having different specifications are provided, and an appropriate fuel delivery unit 30 is selected according to the solid fuel F to be combusted. For example, by laying a rail under the combustion furnace 10 and movably installing each fuel delivery unit 30 on the rail, one selected fuel delivery unit 30 is connected to the combustion furnace 10. be able to. The specifications of the fuel delivery portion 30 are changed by changing the height of the blades 35 of the screw 32, the pitch of the blades 35 of the screw 32, the gap distance between the inner peripheral surface of the delivery pipe 31 and the blades 35, and the like.

The supply amount adjusting member 40 is formed in a flat plate shape and sandwiched between the flange 19 of the combustion furnace 10 and the flange 37 of the fuel delivery section 30 . The supply amount adjusting member 40 has a fuel supply hole 41 formed in the center in plan view and through which the solid fuel F is inserted. In this embodiment, a plurality of supply amount adjusting members 40 having different specifications are provided, and an appropriate supply amount adjusting member 40 is selected according to the solid fuel F to be burned. The specification of the supply amount adjusting member 40 is changed, for example, by changing the size of the fuel supply hole 41 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the solid fuel combustion device 1 has a fuel receiver 50 arranged on the lower end side inside the combustion furnace 10 . The fuel receiver 50 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the combustion furnace 10 and has an inverted conical main body 51 that expands upward and has open upper and lower ends. A vane portion 52 for moving the fuel F upward, a table portion 53 extending radially outward from the upper end of the main body 51, and a discharge hole 54 (see FIG. 3) formed in the table portion 53 for discharging ash (see FIG. 3). have. A lower end opening 55 (see FIG. 3) of the main body 51 is formed larger than the supply connection port 18 of the fuel supply passage 16, and is configured so that the lower end side of the main body 51 and the upper end side of the fuel supply passage 16 overlap when viewed from the side. . That is, the fuel supply passage 16 extends downward from the lower end opening 55 of the fuel receiver 50 . The combustion receptor 50 is arranged concentrically with each cylindrical body of the combustion furnace 10 and rotates about the vertical direction as a central axis.

As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of blade portions 52 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. When the combustion receptor 50 rotates in a predetermined direction, the blades 52 agitate the solid fuel F on the main body 51 and move it upward.

The table portion 53 is formed in a donut shape in plan view, and radially extending discharge holes 54 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality of scrapers 56 for scraping off the ash deposited on the upper surface of the table portion 53 are arranged above the table portion 53 at predetermined intervals from the upper surface of the table portion 53 . Each scraper 56 extends in the radial direction, is arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and is fixed to the combustion furnace 10 side. In this embodiment, two scrapers 56 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the scraper 56 is fixed to the cylinder forming the lowermost air introduction path 15 . Specifically, the lowermost air introduction passage 15 includes an outer cylinder 15a that forms the outer shell of the combustion furnace 10, a central cylinder 15b that is arranged radially inside the outer cylinder 15a, and a central cylinder. an inner cylinder 15c arranged radially inside the body 15b and defining a part of the combustion chamber 11; a horizontal wall 15d extending radially inward from the upper end of the outer cylinder 15a and connected to the inner cylinder 15c; have. The center cylinder 15b has an upper end lower than the outer cylinder 15a so that the air A can move radially along the horizontal wall 15d. The inner cylindrical body 15c is arranged so as to overlap the table portion 53 of the combustion receptor 50 in plan view. A lower end of the inner cylindrical body 15 c is positioned above the table portion 53 . As shown in FIG. 1, the air A moves upward in the space formed by the outer tubular body 15a and the central tubular body 15b, and travels along the horizontal wall 15d at the upper ends of the outer tubular body 15a and the central tubular body 15b. After moving inward in the radial direction, it moves downward while turning in the space formed by the central cylinder 15b and the inner cylinder 15c.

Also, a plurality of circular holes 15e are formed on the lower end side of the inner cylindrical body 15c. In the present embodiment, each hole 15e is formed by punching and arranged at a position lower than the upper end of the central cylinder 15b. The upper portion of the inner cylindrical body 15c forms a radially outer cylindrical body of the second and third

air introduction passages

16 and 17 from the bottom.

In the solid fuel combustion apparatus 1 configured as described above, when the solid fuel F is burned, the screw 32 of the fuel supply unit 20 and the fuel receiver 50 are driven to supply the solid fuel F to the combustion furnace 10. Air A is introduced into the combustion furnace 10 from each

air introduction passage

12, 13, 14, 15. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the solid fuel F delivered from the delivery port 36 of the fuel supply unit 20 passes through the fuel supply hole 41 of the supply amount adjusting member 40 and the fuel supply passage 16 into the main body 51 of the fuel receiver 50. Moving. The solid fuel F that has moved into the main body 51 of the fuel receiver 50 is moved upward by the vanes 52 of the main body 51 and burned.

At this time, the solid fuel F is agitated by the vanes 52 of the main body 51 so that the solid fuel F does not stay and adhere to the main body 51 . Further, since the main body 51 of the fuel receiver 50 is formed in an inverted conical shape that widens upward, a pillar of fire is smoothly formed. Furthermore, since the main body 51 expands upward, the load during transportation of the solid fuel F supplied from the lower end opening 55 can be reduced.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the air A discharged from each of the

air introduction passages

12, 13, 14, 15 descends while swirling along the inner peripheral surface of the combustion chamber 11, When it reaches the vicinity of the body 50, it is sucked by the high-temperature combustion gas G and taken into the combustion area of the solid fuel F while maintaining the swirl. As shown in FIG. 4, the combustion gas G generated by the combustion of the solid fuel F rises in a spiral shape in a reverse tornado shape. In this embodiment, the radiant heat of the flame when the solid fuel F is burned preheats the air A that descends while swirling, which contributes to the improvement of the combustion speed. In addition, the air A descending while swirling also contributes to the cooling of the cylinder constituting the combustion chamber 11 .

As shown in FIG. 4, the ash B generated when the solid fuel F is burned is blown radially outward immediately after being ejected from the upper end opening of the main body 51 of the fuel receiver 50 by the centrifugal force of the airflow of the combustion gas G. and comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical body 15c. Among the ash B in contact with the inner cylinder 15c, the ash B that has passed through each hole 15e comes into contact with the central cylinder 15b, rides on the flow of the air A in the air introduction passage 15, and falls due to its own weight. Also, the ash B that has not passed through the holes 15e falls due to the swirling flow of the air A in the combustion chamber 11 and its own weight. The fallen ash B is deposited on the table portion 53 of the fuel receiver 50 .

Of the ash B deposited on the table portion 53, the ash B that has passed through each discharge hole 54 is discharged from below the combustion furnace 10. Although not shown in each drawing, the combustion apparatus 1 has a discharge mechanism below the table portion 53 for discharging the ash B to the outside. In this embodiment, when the fuel receiver 50 rotates, the scraper 56 moves relative to the table portion 53, and the ash B on the table portion 53 scraped by the scraper 56 is discharged through each discharge hole 54. discharged downwards. At this time, the large ash B that is not discharged from the discharge holes 54 remains on the table portion 53 and is completely burned in the combustion chamber 11 .

By providing the scraper 56 as in this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the ash B from adhering to the table portion 53 . For example, when wood chips are handled as the solid fuel F, mineral components contained in the wood chips may adhere on the table portion 53. Sticking can be prevented. That is, it can be said that the table portion 53, the discharge hole 54 and the scraper 56 are configured to solve the problem of the conventional combustion device that the stable operation of the combustion device is hindered due to the ash B sticking to predetermined locations.

In addition, in the present embodiment, each discharge hole 54 and each scraper 56 are formed to extend in the radial direction. B is adjusted by each scraper 56 so that its longitudinal direction becomes the radial direction, and is smoothly discharged from each discharge hole 54 .

According to the solid fuel combustion apparatus 1 configured as described above, it is possible to select the fuel supply unit 20 that provides an appropriate combustion state according to the type of the solid fuel F. When the solid fuel F to be handled is changed, if the specifications of the fuel supply unit 20 are not suitable for the changed solid fuel F, for example, the solid fuel F is excessively compressed and the solid fuel F is not properly supplied. In some cases, the solid fuel F cannot be delivered, or the amount of compression of the solid fuel F is insufficient and the solid fuel F is blown away by the flow of the air A in the combustion chamber 11 . In this embodiment, even if the solid fuel F to be handled is changed, the fuel delivery unit 30 that is in an appropriate delivery state for the changed solid fuel F, and the fuel supply hole 41 have an appropriate throttle amount. The adjustment member 40 can be selected, and an appropriate supply state of the solid fuel F according to the combustion capacity of the combustion furnace 10 can be realized.

Specifically, in the case of a solid fuel F having a relatively low density, such as fluff fuel, the supply amount adjusting member 40 having a relatively small fuel supply hole 41 is selected, and the solid fuel F in the supply amount adjusting member 40 is selected. When the throttle amount of is increased, the amount of compression of the solid fuel F is increased, making it easier to realize an appropriate combustion state. Further, by selecting the fuel delivery portion 30 in which the height of the blades 35 of the screw 32 is relatively small, or by selecting the fuel delivery portion 30 in which the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the delivery pipe 31 and the blades 35 is relatively narrow, the solid fuel F compression amount can be increased.

On the other hand, in the case of solid fuel F having a relatively high density, such as RPF, the fuel supply amount adjusting member 40 having a relatively small fuel supply hole 41 is selected, or the height of the blades 35 of the screw 32 is relatively large. It is preferable to select the delivery portion 30 or the fuel delivery portion 30 having a relatively wide gap between the inner peripheral surface of the delivery pipe 31 and the blades 35 . Further, it is possible to select the fuel supply unit 20 that provides an appropriate combustion state according to not only the density of the solid fuel F but also its shape, coefficient of friction, and the like. Then, the calorific value per unit time of the solid fuel F supplied into the combustion furnace 10 is set within a range in which an appropriate combustion state is realized.

In the above-described embodiment, a plurality of fuel delivery units 30 and supply amount adjustment members 40 constituting the fuel supply unit 20 are provided in advance, and selected fuel delivery units 30 and supply amount adjustment members 40 are used. However, it is not always necessary to prepare a plurality of these in advance. That is, the fuel delivery unit 30 and the supply amount adjusting member 40 corresponding to a predetermined solid fuel F are connected to the combustion furnace 10, and when it is determined to change the solid fuel F, the fuel supply unit 30 suitable for the solid fuel F after the change is determined. The fuel delivery unit 30 and the supply amount adjusting member 40 may be procured from the outside.

Also, although the fuel supply unit 20 is shown to be composed of the fuel delivery unit 30 and the supply amount adjusting member 40, for example, the supply amount adjustment member 40 may be omitted and the fuel delivery unit 30 may be directly connected to the combustion furnace 10. The configuration of the fuel supply unit 20 can be changed as appropriate. The point is that the fuel supply unit 20 is detachable from the combustion furnace 10 and that the fuel supply unit 20 with different specifications can be connected to the combustion furnace 10 .

Also, in the above embodiment, the scraper 56 for scraping the ash B accumulated on the upper surface of the table portion 53 is provided, but the scraper 56 may be omitted. Further, each discharge hole 54 formed in the table portion 53 may not necessarily be an elongated hole extending in the radial direction. Furthermore, if the combustion furnace 10 is provided with an ash B discharge mechanism in a portion other than the lower portion of the combustion furnace 10, there is no need to form the table portion 53 in the fuel receiver 50, and the fuel receiver 50 is not required to be formed in the combustion furnace 10. It does not have to be rotatable with respect to

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the embodiment described above does not limit the invention according to the scope of claims. Also, it should be noted that not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the means for solving the problems of the invention.

1 solid fuel combustion device 10 combustion furnace 16 fuel supply path 18 fuel supply port 20 fuel supply part 30 fuel delivery part 40 supply amount adjusting member 41 fuel supply hole 50 fuel receptor 51 main body 52 vane part 53 table part 54 discharge hole 55 Lower end opening 56 Scraper B Ash F Solid fuel

Claims

a cylindrical combustion furnace extending in the vertical direction;
It is arranged on the lower end side in the combustion furnace, has an inverted conical main body that expands upward and has open upper and lower ends, and solid fuel is supplied from the lower end opening of the main body, and solid fuel during combustion a fuel receptacle supporting
a fuel supply passage disposed in the combustion furnace, extending downward from a lower end opening of the fuel receiver, and having a fuel supply port formed at the lower end thereof;
a fuel supply unit connected to the fuel supply port of the combustion supply path and supplying solid fuel into the combustion furnace;
The solid fuel combustion apparatus, wherein the fuel supply unit is detachably attached to the combustion furnace.
The fuel supply unit
a fuel delivery unit that delivers the solid fuel to the combustion furnace;
2. The solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a supply amount adjusting member formed with a fuel supply hole interposed between the fuel delivery unit and the combustion furnace and through which the solid fuel is inserted.
comprising a plurality of fuel supply units with different specifications,
3. A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one of said fuel supplies is selectively attached to said combustion furnace.
4. The solid fuel container according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel receiver is rotatable with respect to the combustion furnace, and has blades formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof to move the solid fuel upward. Fuel combustion device.
5. The solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the fuel receiver has a table portion extending radially outward from the upper end of the main body, and a discharge hole formed in the table portion for discharging ash.
The solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a scraper fixed to the combustion furnace, extending above the table portion, and scraping off ash accumulated on the upper surface of the table portion.