WO2023112835A1 - 光学装置およびヘッドマウントディスプレイ - Google Patents

光学装置およびヘッドマウントディスプレイ Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023112835A1
WO2023112835A1 PCT/JP2022/045351 JP2022045351W WO2023112835A1 WO 2023112835 A1 WO2023112835 A1 WO 2023112835A1 JP 2022045351 W JP2022045351 W JP 2022045351W WO 2023112835 A1 WO2023112835 A1 WO 2023112835A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diffraction element
light
group
optical filter
layer
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2022/045351
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
英一郎 網中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Corp
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Fujifilm Corp
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Application filed by Fujifilm Corp filed Critical Fujifilm Corp
Priority to CN202280083433.0A priority Critical patent/CN118541627A/zh
Priority to JP2023567750A priority patent/JPWO2023112835A1/ja
Publication of WO2023112835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023112835A1/ja
Priority to US18/742,714 priority patent/US20240329410A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/02—Viewing or reading apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/003—Light absorbing elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0026—Wavelength selective element, sheet or layer, e.g. filter or grating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T19/00—Manipulating three-dimensional [3D] models or images for computer graphics
    • G06T19/006—Mixed reality
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical device having an optical filter and a head mounted display.
  • the AR glass has, for example, an image display element, a light guide plate, and a diffraction element. Image light emitted from the image display element is diffracted by the diffraction element, enters the light guide plate, is guided by the light guide plate, It has a configuration in which guided image light is diffracted by a diffraction element to display an image toward a viewer. Since the light guide plate is transparent, the AR glasses can project an image superimposed on the background.
  • the specific oblique direction refers to a direction perpendicular (substantially perpendicular) to the slit direction of the diffraction element.
  • the visually recognized incident angle oblique incident angle with respect to the main surface of the diffraction element.
  • Visibility as unevenness is a particular problem. For example, in a diffraction element in which the slit direction is close to the horizontal direction in the use state of AR glasses, external light incident from the front overhead is reflected and visually recognized as rainbow unevenness.
  • ND filter Neutral Density filter
  • an ND filter when used in a head-mounted display such as AR glasses that allows the background to be visually recognized, the transmittance of the ND filter needs to be lowered in order to sufficiently suppress the visibility of the rainbow unevenness. Therefore, in AR glasses using ND filters, the transmittance of light incident from above and the transmittance of light incident from the front direction, that is, the background is low. As a result, AR glasses using an ND filter can suppress the visibility of rainbow unevenness caused by the incidence of external light, but the visibility of the background in the front direction is deteriorated.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve such problems, and when used in a head-mounted display such as AR glasses in which the background can be visually recognized, the head-mounted display has excellent visibility of the background in the front direction.
  • the head-mounted display has excellent visibility of the background in the front direction.
  • a light guide plate having a diffraction element disposed on its surface; an optical filter including an anisotropic light absorbing layer; An optical device, wherein the angle between the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer and the normal direction of the main surface of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer is 0 to 45°.
  • the optical filter further includes a polarizer whose absorption axis is in the principal plane.
  • the slit direction of the diffraction element whose slit direction is closest to the horizontal direction forms an angle of 0 to 45° with the absorption axis of the polarizer.
  • Two or more diffraction elements are arranged on the light guide plate, and an optical filter is provided covering at least the diffraction element with the smallest angle between the slit direction and the horizontal direction among the diffraction elements, [1 ] to [3].
  • the optical filter has a retardation layer between the anisotropic light absorption layer and the polarizer.
  • the retardation layer is a B plate having an Nz coefficient of 1.5 or more.
  • the retardation layer includes at least a positive A plate and a positive C plate, and the positive A plate is provided on the anisotropic light absorption layer side.
  • an incident diffraction element for causing light to enter the inside of the light guide plate, an intermediate diffraction element for deflecting the light guide direction of the light diffracted by the incident diffraction element, and a light beam diffracted by the intermediate diffraction element and an output diffraction element for outputting light from the light guide plate.
  • the slit direction of the intermediate diffraction element and the slit direction of the output diffraction element are different,
  • the optical filters are provided in a region covering the intermediate diffraction element and a region covering the output diffraction element, the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer of the optical filter is different between the region covering the intermediate diffraction element and the region covering the output diffraction element,
  • the angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizer of the optical filter and the slit direction of the intermediate diffraction element is 0 to 45°, and the angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizer of the optical filter and the slit direction of the output diffraction element is 0.
  • the optical filter has at least a first anisotropic light-absorbing layer, at least one retardation layer having a twisted structure, and a second anisotropic light-absorbing layer [1], [4] and [8] ] The optical device according to any one of the above. [11] The optical device according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the optical filter is arranged on the side opposite to the viewing surface of the light guide plate. [12] The optical device according to any one of [1] to [11], wherein optical filters are arranged on both sides of the light guide plate.
  • the wavelength dependence of the retardation layer of the optical filter satisfies Re (450 nm) ⁇ Re (550 nm) ⁇ Re (650 nm) or Rth (450 nm) ⁇ Rth (550 nm) ⁇ Rth (650 nm), [5] The optical device according to any one of -[7]. [14] A head-mounted display comprising the optical device according to any one of [1] to [13] and an image display element.
  • the visibility of the background in the front direction is excellent, and the visibility of rainbow unevenness caused by external light incident from the front overhead of the user is also possible. can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the head-mounted display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional head-mounted display.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a light guide plate for AR glasses.
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the light guide plate shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the slit direction of the liquid crystal diffraction element.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a plan view of an evaluation system for the head mounted display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an elevation view of an evaluation system for a head-mounted display of the present invention.
  • Re( ⁇ ) and Rth( ⁇ ) are the in-plane retardation (nm) and the thickness direction retardation (nm) at the wavelength ⁇ , respectively.
  • Re( ⁇ ) is measured on an AxoScan by Axometrics Inc. with light of wavelength ⁇ nm incident in the direction normal to the film.
  • Rth( ⁇ ) is calculated by the following method. In selecting the measurement wavelength ⁇ nm, the wavelength selection filter can be manually replaced, or the measured value can be converted by a program or the like for measurement.
  • Rth ( ⁇ ) is Re ( ⁇ ), with the in-plane slow axis as the tilting axis (rotating axis), the tilted direction from the normal direction to 60 degrees on one side with respect to the normal direction of the film in steps of 10 degrees
  • Light with a wavelength of ⁇ nm is made incident from , and measurements are made at a total of seven points, and calculation is performed by AxoScan based on the measured retardation value, the assumed value of the average refractive index, and the input film thickness value.
  • the in-plane slow axis of the film is determined by AxoScan. If there is no slow axis in the plane of the film, any direction in the plane of the film is taken as the axis of rotation.
  • the film has a direction in which the retardation value is zero at a certain tilt angle with the slow axis in the plane from the normal direction as the rotation axis, retardation at a tilt angle larger than that tilt angle
  • the value is calculated with AxoScan after changing its sign to negative.
  • retardation values are measured from two arbitrary tilted directions.
  • Rth can also be calculated from formula (I) and formula (II). Also in this case, if there is no slow axis in the plane of the film, any direction in the plane of the film is used as the axis of rotation.
  • Re(.theta.) represents a retardation value in a direction inclined at an angle .theta. from the normal direction.
  • nx represents the refractive index in the slow axis direction in the plane
  • ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to nx in the plane
  • nz represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to nx and ny
  • d represents the film thickness.
  • Rth( ⁇ ) is calculated by the following method.
  • Rth( ⁇ ) is obtained by changing Re( ⁇ ) from ⁇ 60° to +60° with respect to the film normal direction with the in-plane slow axis as the tilting axis (rotating axis) in 10° steps from the tilted direction.
  • Light with a wavelength of ⁇ nm is incident and measured at 13 points, and calculation is performed by AxoScan on the basis of the measured retardation value, the assumed value of the average refractive index, and the input film thickness value.
  • the in-plane slow axis of the film is determined by AxoScan.
  • the “principal axis” is the principal refractive index axis of the refractive index ellipsoid calculated by AxoScan. Unless otherwise specified, nx, ny, and nz mean the principal refractive index nz in the thickness direction of the film.
  • the head mounted display of the present invention is an optical device of the present invention; and an image display element.
  • An optical device of the present invention includes a light guide plate having a surface (principal surface) on which a diffraction element is arranged, and an optical filter including an anisotropic light absorption layer.
  • the optical filter has an angle between the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer and the normal to the main surface of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer of 0 to 45°.
  • the optical filter further includes a polarizer whose absorption axis is in the main plane.
  • the principal surface is the largest surface of a sheet (layer, plate, film, membrane), and usually both sides of the sheet in the thickness direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example of the head-mounted display of the present invention.
  • the head mounted display 80 shown in FIG. 1 is AR glass as an example, and includes a light guide plate 82, an incident diffraction element 90 and an exit diffraction element 92 arranged on one surface of the light guide plate 82, an optical filter 10, and an image display element 86 .
  • the light guide plate 82, the incident diffraction element 90 and the exit diffraction element 92, and the optical filter 10 constitute the optical device of the present invention.
  • an incident diffraction element 90 is arranged on the surface (principal surface) of the light guide plate 82 on one end side.
  • An output diffraction element 92 is arranged on the surface of the light guide plate 82 on the other end side.
  • the arrangement position of the incident diffraction element 90 corresponds to the incident position of the image light I 1 from the image display element 86 to the light guide plate 82 .
  • the arrangement position of the output diffraction element 92 corresponds to the output position of the image light I 1 from the light guide plate 82, that is, the observation position of the image light I 1 by the user.
  • the incident diffraction element 90 and the exit diffraction element 92 are arranged on the same surface of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the optical filter 10 is arranged on the surface of the light guide plate 82 opposite to the surface on which the output diffraction element 92 is arranged, facing the output diffraction element 92 of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the optical filter 10 has a planar shape similar to that of the output diffraction element 92 .
  • the light guide plate 82 may be provided with an intermediate diffraction element (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the arrangement position of each diffraction element is not limited to the end portion of the light guide plate, and various positions can be used according to the shape of the light guide plate.
  • the image light I 1 displayed by the image display element 86 is diffracted by the incident diffraction element 90 as indicated by the arrow, and the light guide plate 82 and the air are diffracted.
  • the light enters the light guide plate 82 at an angle at which it is totally reflected at the interface.
  • the image light I 1 that has entered the light guide plate 82 is totally reflected by both surfaces of the light guide plate 82 , is guided through the light guide plate 82 , and enters the output diffraction element 92 .
  • the image light I 1 incident on the output diffraction element 92 is diffracted by the output diffraction element 92 in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the output diffraction element 92 .
  • the image light I 1 diffracted by the output diffraction element 92 is emitted to a user observation position outside the light guide plate 82 and is observed by the user.
  • the external light I 0 that is, the background incident on the head mounted display 80 from the front direction passes through the optical filter 10, enters the light guide plate 82, passes through the output diffraction element 92, and passes through the light guide plate 82. , reaches the viewing position by the user.
  • external light entering the head mounted display 80 from the front direction is also referred to as front external light I 0 .
  • the image displayed by the image display element 86 is incident on one end of the light guide plate 82, propagates, and is emitted from the other end. Overlay virtual images.
  • the head mounted display 80 has a light guide plate 82 , an incident diffraction element 90 and an exit diffraction element 92 , an image display element 86 and an optical filter 10 .
  • the optical filter 10 is arranged on the surface of the light guide plate 82 opposite to the output diffraction element 92 (anti-observation surface) so as to face the output diffraction element 92 . Therefore, as described above, the user of the head mounted display 80 can see the image light I 1 displayed by the image display element 86 as well as the external light I 0 ( background).
  • the optical filter 10 will be detailed later.
  • the light guide plate 82 is not particularly limited, and conventionally known light guide plates used in image display devices, such as light guide plates used in various AR glasses and light guide plates used in backlight units of liquid crystal display devices, are used. be able to.
  • the incident diffraction element 90 is a diffraction element that diffracts the light emitted from the image display element 86 to an angle at which the light is totally reflected within the light guide plate 82 and causes the light to enter the light guide plate 82 .
  • the output diffraction element 92 is a diffraction element that diffracts the light guided through the light guide plate 82 and emits it from the light guide plate 82 .
  • the input diffraction element 90 and the output diffraction element 92 are not limited, and may be a relief type diffraction element, a diffraction element using liquid crystal, or a known diffraction element used in AR glass such as a volume hologram diffraction element. , various, are available.
  • both the incident diffraction element 90 and the exit diffraction element 92 are transmissive diffraction elements.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the entrance diffraction element 90 and the exit diffraction element 92 may be reflective diffraction elements.
  • the incident diffraction element 90 is arranged on the surface (counter-observation surface) of the light guide plate 82 opposite to the surface (observation surface) facing the image display element 86 .
  • the output diffraction element 92 is arranged on the surface of the light guide plate 82 opposite to the surface facing the user.
  • the optical filter 10 which will be described later, is arranged on the surface of the output diffraction element 92 opposite to the user side (counter-observation surface side).
  • the image display element 86 is arranged facing the incident diffraction element 90 . Also, the surface side where the output diffraction element 92 is arranged is the observation position of the user.
  • the image display element 86 is not limited, and various known image display elements (displays) used in various image display devices such as AR glasses can be used. Examples of the image display element 86 include a liquid crystal display, an organic electroluminescence display, a DLP (Digital Light Processing), a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) display, and a micro LED (Light Emitting Diode) display. be done.
  • the liquid crystal display includes LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon) and the like.
  • the image display element 86 may display a monochrome image, a two-color image, or a color image.
  • the head-mounted display of the present invention may have intermediate diffraction elements in addition to the entrance diffraction element 90 and the exit diffraction element 92 .
  • FIG. 3 conceptually shows an optical device having an intermediate diffractive element.
  • 4 schematically shows the optical device shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this optical device includes a light guide plate 82, an incident diffraction element 90 and an exit diffraction element 92, and an optical filter 10, as well as an intermediate diffraction element 94 and an optical filter 10m.
  • the entrance diffraction element 90 , the exit diffraction element 92 and the intermediate diffraction element 94 are all arranged on one surface (principal surface) of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the optical filter 10 and the optical filter 10m are arranged on the other surface of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the optical filter 10 has the same planar shape as the output diffraction element 92 and is arranged to face the output diffraction element 92 so as to overlap the output diffraction element 92 in the main surface direction of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the optical filter 10m has the same planar shape as the intermediate diffraction element 94 and is arranged to face the intermediate diffraction element 94 so as to overlap the intermediate diffraction element 94 in the main surface direction of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the planar shape is the shape of the main surface of a diffraction element, an optical filter, or the like.
  • the planar shape of the optical filter is not limited to the same planar shape as the diffraction element, and may have a different shape and a different size.
  • the diffraction element and the optical filter have a size of preferably have the same planar shape.
  • the optical filter may at least partially overlap the corresponding diffraction element when viewed from the normal direction of the light guide plate.
  • the optical filter covers the entire surface of the corresponding diffraction element when viewed from the normal direction of the light guide plate, and more preferably completely overlaps the corresponding diffraction element. That is, in the present invention, "the optical filter covers the diffraction element” means that the optical filter and the diffraction element at least partially overlap when viewed from the normal direction of the light guide plate. In the present invention, the "optical filter covering the diffraction element" is also referred to as the "optical filter corresponding to the diffraction element”.
  • the optical device of the present invention may have a single optical filter 10 covering the entire surface of one of the light guide plates 82 , or may have a plurality of diffraction filters such as the output diffraction element 92 and the intermediate diffraction element 94 . You may have one optical filter covering the element. In this case, the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer 12 may be uniform over the entire surface of the optical filter.
  • each region covering each diffraction element has an absorption axis of the polarizer 12. , and the slit direction of the diffraction element are preferably adjusted.
  • the image light displayed by the image display element is diffracted by the incident diffraction element 90 and enters the light guide plate 82 at an angle that causes total reflection at the interface between the light guide plate 82 and air.
  • the image light diffracted by the incident diffraction element 90 and incident on the light guide plate 82 is totally reflected in the light guide plate 82 and guided, and enters the intermediate diffraction element 94 .
  • the image light incident on the intermediate diffraction element 94 is diffracted by the intermediate diffraction element 94 , deflected in the light guide direction in the light guide plate 82 , and incident on the output diffraction element 92 .
  • the image light incident on the output diffraction element 92 is diffracted by the output diffraction element 92 and emitted from the light guide plate 82 to the user's observation position, where the user observes it.
  • the optical filter 10 is provided to cover the output diffraction element 92 on the opposite side of the light guide plate 82 to the surface on which the diffraction element is provided, and the intermediate diffraction element 94 is provided.
  • an optical filter 10m is provided to cover the intermediate diffraction element.
  • the external light incident from an oblique direction is also referred to as oblique external light I s .
  • oblique external light I s when oblique external light I s is incident on a conventional head-mounted display 180 that does not have the optical filter 10, the oblique external light I s is emitted from a diffraction element (in FIG. The light is diffracted by the diffraction element 92), emitted to the observation position, and visually recognized by the user in a reflected state.
  • the diffraction angle by the diffraction element differs depending on the wavelength, that is, the color.
  • the oblique external light I s diffracted by the diffraction element is dispersed and visually recognized as rainbow-like color unevenness, so-called rainbow unevenness.
  • the oblique external light I s diffracted by the diffraction element is reflected in the image light I 1 as rainbow unevenness.
  • Such a problem is particularly problematic because rainbow unevenness caused by light from a specific direction such as sunlight and illumination light, specifically, light from the front overhead is easily visible.
  • some AR glasses use an ND filter to reduce the transmittance of the oblique external light I s , thereby reducing the rainbow unevenness caused by the incidence of the oblique external light I s . is suppressed.
  • the ND filter if the transmittance of light from oblique directions is reduced in order to block outside light from oblique directions, the transmittance of light from the front direction also decreases, and the front direction, that is, the background (external light I 0 ) had a problem of reduced visibility.
  • the diffraction element is covered with an optical filter containing an anisotropic light-absorbing layer, preferably an optical filter containing an anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 and a polarizer 12 as shown in the illustrated example.
  • an optical filter 10 10 m
  • the optical device of the present invention has a high light transmittance in the front direction (front external light I 0 ) when used in a head-mounted display such as AR glasses. That is, the visibility of the background is excellent, and the rainbow unevenness caused by the outside light (oblique outside light I s ) incident from above the observer's head (oblique direction above the head) can be suppressed.
  • the optical filter 10 and the optical filter 10m basically have the same configuration and exhibit the same effects, the following description will use the optical filter 10 as a representative when there is no need to distinguish between the two. Do as an example.
  • the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 forming the optical filter 10 is an anisotropic light-absorbing layer in which the absorption axis and the normal direction of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 form an angle of 0 to 45°. That is, the anisotropic light absorption layer 14 has an absorption axis extending in the direction normal to the main surface of the anisotropic light absorption layer 14 and the main surface of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the polarizer 12 that constitutes the optical filter 10 is a polarizer that has an absorption axis in its principal plane.
  • the polarizer has an absorption axis parallel to the main surface of the anisotropic light absorption layer 14 and the main surface of the light guide plate 82 .
  • the optical filter has the anisotropic light absorption layer 14 and the polarizer 12
  • the optical filter 10 As described above has the absorption axis of the anisotropic light absorption layer 14 and the absorption axis of the polarizer 12 with respect to the external light incident on the light guide plate 82 from an oblique direction. acts like the absorption axis of a polarizer placed in crossed Nicols. Therefore, by having the optical filter 10 corresponding to the diffraction element, the external light incident on the diffraction element from an oblique direction can be blocked (absorbed) by the optical filter 10 . Also, the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 is the direction along the normal direction of the main surface of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 .
  • the anisotropic light absorbing layer 14 does not block the front external light I 0 incident from the front, that is, the background.
  • the optical device of the present invention when it is used in a head-mounted display such as AR glasses, external light incident from an oblique direction (oblique external light I s ) while favorably maintaining the visibility of the background. It is possible to suppress the user from visually recognizing the rainbow unevenness caused by.
  • the diffraction element provided with the optical filter 10 is not limited and can be arbitrarily selected. That is, in the optical device of the present invention, the optical filter 10 should be provided for at least one of the diffraction elements.
  • the outside light that tends to cause rainbow unevenness is the outside light that enters from overhead, particularly the outside light that enters from above the front.
  • the incident diffraction element 90 is often arranged at a position where external light does not enter, such as a place hidden by a temple. As described above, regarding the diffraction element arranged at a position where external light does not enter, it is not necessary to provide an optical filter even if the slit direction is close to the horizontal direction.
  • the slit direction is the direction of a structure that generates diffraction in a diffraction element (diffraction grating).
  • the structures that generate diffraction include, for example, grooves, protrusions, boundaries with different alignment structures of liquid crystals, boundaries with different refractive indices, boundaries with different transmittances, and the like.
  • the diffraction element is a diffraction element having a physical groove shape, such as a surface relief diffraction element and a holographic surface diffraction element
  • the extending direction of the grooves forming the diffraction element longitudinal direction
  • the slit direction is the slit direction.
  • the diffraction element is a diffraction element having a high refractive index region and a low refractive index region, such as a transmission type volume phase holographic diffraction element
  • the direction is the slit direction.
  • the slit direction is the direction in which the orientation direction of the liquid crystal compound is uniform in any plane in the thickness direction of the diffraction element. As an example, as conceptually shown in FIG.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal compound LC is perpendicular to the direction of the arrow X.
  • the Y direction in which the directions are uniform is the slit direction.
  • the diffraction element whose slit direction is close to the horizontal direction means a diffraction element whose slit direction is close to the horizontal direction when the AR glasses are properly attached and used properly under normal conditions.
  • the slit direction being close to the horizontal direction means that the angle formed by the horizontal direction and the slit direction is 30° or less.
  • the optical element of the present invention has a plurality of diffraction elements, at least the diffraction element whose slit direction is closest to the horizontal direction is preferably provided with the optical filter 10 .
  • the slit direction of the incident diffraction element 90 is 126 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction
  • the slit direction of the intermediate diffraction element 94 is 10 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction
  • the slit direction of the output diffraction element 92 is horizontal.
  • at 76° to the direction at least the intermediate diffraction element 94 is preferably provided with an optical filter 10 (optical filter 10e in FIG. 4). This angle is the angle in the counterclockwise direction with the horizontal direction being 0°, as shown on the right side of FIG. Therefore, the diffraction element whose slit direction is closest to the horizontal direction is the diffraction element whose angle between the horizontal direction and the slit direction is closest to 0° or 180°.
  • external light obliquely incident on the diffraction element is not limited to external light incident from the front overhead. That is, external light also enters the diffraction element of the head-mounted display from obliquely forward overhead (obliquely forward overhead azimuth).
  • obliquely forward overhead obliquely forward overhead azimuth
  • the optical filter 10 it is preferable to provide the optical filter 10 not only for the diffraction element whose slit direction is closest to the horizontal direction, but also for other diffraction elements.
  • the optical filter 10 it is preferable to provide the optical filter 10 also for the output diffraction element 92 whose slit direction is 76° with respect to the horizontal direction.
  • the optical filter 10 it is possible to suppress not only the rainbow unevenness caused by the external light incident from above the head, but also the rainbow unevenness caused by the external light incident from the oblique front overhead (overhead oblique azimuth front).
  • the optical filter 10 is provided on the opposite side of the light guide plate 82 from the viewing side (user side). With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress absorption by the optical filter 10 of image light that is guided through the light guide plate 82 and diffracted by the output diffraction element 92 and emitted from the light guide plate 82 .
  • external light entering from the observation surface side of the light guide plate 82, that is, from the rear (behind) of the observer is reflected by the edges and temples of the AR glass, and enters the diffraction element. It may be visually recognized as rainbow unevenness.
  • optical filters may be provided on both sides of the light guide plate to cover the one or more diffraction elements. As a result, it is possible to suppress not only external light that obliquely enters from the front of the user, but also iridescent unevenness caused by external light that obliquely enters from behind the user.
  • the diffraction element is provided on the side of the light guide plate 82 opposite to the viewing side (user side), that is, on the side opposite to the viewing side. Therefore, when the diffraction element is of a reflective type, it is preferable to provide the optical filter 10 by laminating it on the diffraction element rather than on the surface of the light guide plate.
  • the angle between the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 of the optical filter 10 and the normal to the main surface of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 is 0 to 45°. This angle is irrelevant to the azimuth direction, and is the absolute value of the angle (polar angle) formed by the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 and the normal to the main surface. If the angle formed by the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 and the normal to the main surface of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 exceeds 45°, the oblique external light I s cannot be properly blocked (absorbed), resulting in visible rainbow unevenness.
  • the angle between the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 of the optical filter 10 and the normal to the main surface of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer 14 is preferably 0 to 30°, more preferably 0 to 15°, and 0 to 10°. is more preferred.
  • the angle formed by the slit direction of the diffraction element and the absorption axis of the polarizer 12 of the optical filter 10 corresponding to (covering) the diffraction element is 0 to 45. ° is preferred.
  • the angle between the slit direction of the diffraction element whose slit direction is closest to the horizontal direction and the absorption axis of the polarizer 12 of the corresponding optical filter 10 is preferably 0 to 45°.
  • the oblique external light I s that causes rainbow unevenness can be more preferably blocked (absorbed).
  • the angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizer 12 and the slit direction of the corresponding diffraction element is more preferably 0 to 30°, more preferably 0 to 15°.
  • the optical device (head-mounted display) of the present invention has an intermediate diffraction element 94 in addition to the entrance diffraction element 90 and the exit diffraction element 92, the exit diffraction element
  • the slit directions of 92 and intermediate diffraction element 94 are different.
  • the angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizer 12 of the optical filter 10 covering the output diffraction element 92 and the slit direction of the output diffraction element 92 is 0 to 45°
  • the optical filter covering the intermediate diffraction element 94 The angle formed by the absorption axis of the 10 m polarizer 12 and the slit direction of the intermediate diffraction element 94 is preferably 0 to 45°.
  • the polarizer 12 of the optical filter 10 covering the output diffraction element 92 and the polarizer 12 of the optical filter 10 covering the intermediate diffraction element 94 preferably have different absorption axis directions.
  • the optical filter in the optical device of the present invention, includes an anisotropic light absorbing layer. Further, in this anisotropic light absorbing layer, the angle between the absorption axis and the normal direction of the main surface of the anisotropic light absorbing layer is 0 to 45°. Moreover, in the optical device of the present invention, the optical filter preferably includes a polarizer having an absorption axis in the principal plane in addition to the anisotropic light absorption layer.
  • the anisotropic light-absorbing layer contains a dichroic dye, and the absorption axis of the dichroic dye forms an angle of 0 to 45° with respect to the normal to the main surface.
  • the transmittance is high from the front, and only S-polarized light passes from the oblique direction, resulting in a low transmittance.
  • a generally known PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) stretched film impregnated with polyiodine ions can be obtained. It can be an anisotropic light absorption layer having optical performance similar to that of an iodine-based polarizer.
  • the fact that the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the main surface (horizontal reference plane) can be obtained by observing the cross section of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), for example. )).
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • Techniques for aligning a dichroic dye in a desired orientation can refer to techniques for producing polarizers using dichroic pigments, techniques for producing guest-host liquid crystal cells, and the like.
  • the technique used in the method for producing a dichroic polarizing element described in JP-A-2002-90526 and the method for producing a guest-host type liquid crystal display device described in JP-A-2002-99388 is described in the present invention. It can also be used to produce an anisotropic light absorption layer used in the invention.
  • Dichroic dyes can be classified into rod-like molecules and discotic molecules. Any of these may be used to prepare the anisotropic light absorbing layer used in the present invention.
  • Preferred examples of dichroic dyes having rod-like molecules include azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, perylene dyes, and melicyanine dyes.
  • azo dye the example described in JP-A-11-172252
  • anthraquinone dye as the example described in JP-A-8-67822
  • the perylene dye JP-A-62-129380
  • Examples described in JP-A-2002-241758 can be mentioned as examples of melicyanine dyes. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • discotic dichroic dyes examples include those available from OPTIVA Inc. and a lyotropic liquid crystal represented by "E-type polarizer" is known.
  • E-type polarizer materials described in JP-A-2002-90547 can be mentioned.
  • a chemical structure that similarly absorbs light in a discotic shape there is an example of using a pisazo dichroic dye that utilizes a string-like micelle type structure, and the materials described in JP-A-2002-90526 can be mentioned. be done. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the "E-type polarizer" using a disk-shaped dichroic dye oblique external light can be blocked without being combined with a polarizer whose absorption axis is in the main plane.
  • a rod-shaped dichroic dye because it is easy to obtain a high degree of orientation.
  • guest-host type liquid crystal cell technology can be used to align the molecules of the dichroic dye in the desired orientation as described above, along with the orientation of the host liquid crystal.
  • a guest dichroic dye and a rod-like liquid crystal compound serving as a host liquid crystal are mixed, the host liquid crystal is aligned, and the molecules of the dichroic dye are aligned along the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the anisotropic light absorption layer used in the present invention can be produced by fixing the orientation state.
  • the orientation of the dichroic dye is fix the orientation of the dichroic dye by forming a chemical bond.
  • the orientation can be fixed by advancing the polymerization of the host liquid crystal, the dichroic dye, or the optionally added polymerizable component.
  • the anisotropic light-absorbing layer included in the optical filter is an anisotropic light-absorbing layer containing a dichroic dye.
  • the anisotropic light-absorbing layer is preferably an anisotropic light-absorbing layer containing a liquid crystal compound together with a dichroic dye, and more preferably a layer in which the alignment state of the liquid crystal compound and the dichroic dye is fixed. Further, the angle between the transmittance central axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer and the normal direction of the surface of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer is 0 to 45°, preferably 0° to less than 45°, and preferably 0 to 35°. It is more preferably 0° or more and less than 35°.
  • a dichroic dye means a dye whose absorbance differs depending on the direction.
  • the dichroic dye may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity.
  • Dichroic dyes are not particularly limited, and include visible light absorbing substances, light emitting substances (fluorescent substances, phosphorescent substances), ultraviolet absorbing substances, infrared absorbing substances, nonlinear optical substances, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic substances (for example, quantum rods). and the like, and conventionally known dichroic dyes can be used.
  • a dichroic azo dye compound is preferred.
  • a dichroic azo dye compound means an azo dye compound having different absorbance depending on the direction.
  • the dichroic azo dye compound may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity. When the dichroic azo dye compound exhibits liquid crystallinity, it may exhibit nematicity or smecticity.
  • the temperature range showing the liquid crystal phase is preferably room temperature (approximately 20 to 28°C) to 300°C, more preferably 50 to 200°C in terms of handleability and production suitability.
  • three or more dichroic azo dye compounds may be used in combination. It is preferable to use together a chromatic azo dye compound and at least one dye compound (third dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 380 nm or more and less than 455 nm.
  • the dichroic azo dye compound preferably has a crosslinkable group.
  • crosslinkable groups include (meth)acryloyl groups, epoxy groups, oxetanyl groups, and styryl groups, with (meth)acryloyl groups being preferred.
  • the content of the dichroic dye is not particularly limited, it is preferably 3% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer because the degree of orientation of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer to be formed is increased. is more preferable, 10% by mass or more is more preferable, and 10 to 30% by mass is particularly preferable.
  • the total amount of the plurality of dichroic dyes is preferably within the above range.
  • the anisotropic light absorption layer preferably contains a liquid crystal compound. This makes it possible to orient the dichroic dye with a higher degree of orientation while suppressing precipitation of the dichroic dye.
  • a liquid crystal compound both a polymer liquid crystal compound and a low-molecular liquid crystal compound can be used, and a polymer liquid crystal compound is preferable because the degree of orientation can be increased.
  • a high-molecular liquid crystal compound and a low-molecular liquid crystal compound may be used in combination.
  • the term "polymeric liquid crystal compound” refers to a liquid crystal compound having repeating units in its chemical structure.
  • low-molecular-weight liquid crystal compound refers to a liquid crystal compound having no repeating unit in its chemical structure.
  • polymer liquid crystal compound for example, thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer described in JP-A-2011-237513, high polymer described in paragraphs [0012] to [0042] of International Publication No. 2018/199096 Examples include molecular liquid crystal compounds.
  • low-molecular-weight liquid crystal compounds include liquid crystal compounds described in paragraphs [0072] to [0088] of JP-A-2013-228706, among which liquid crystal compounds exhibiting smectic properties are preferred.
  • the smectic phase includes, for example, a smectic A phase, a smectic C phase, etc., and higher-order smectic phases (for example, a smectic B phase, a smectic E phase, a smectic F phase, a smectic G phase, a smectic H phase, smectic I phase, smectic J phase, smectic K phase, smectic L phase, etc.).
  • a nematic phase may be developed.
  • the liquid crystal compound is in any one of smectic B phase, E phase, F phase, G phase, H phase, I phase, J phase, K phase and L phase for the reason that the contrast is higher. is preferably a liquid crystal compound showing
  • a compound represented by the following formula (A-1) is preferable.
  • Formula (A-1) Q1-V1-SP1-X1-(Ma-La)na-X2-SP2-V2-Q2
  • Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a polymerizable group.
  • V1, V2, X1 and X2 each independently represent a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • SP1 and SP2 each independently represent a divalent spacer group.
  • Ma represents an aromatic ring, an aliphatic ring or a hetero ring which may have a substituent. However, multiple Ma may be the same or different.
  • La represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. However, multiple La's may be the same or different.
  • na represents an integer of 2-10.
  • the polymerizable group represented by Q1 and Q2 is preferably a radically polymerizable group (radical polymerizable group) or a cationically polymerizable group (cationically polymerizable group).
  • a known radically polymerizable group can be used as the radically polymerizable group, and an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group is preferable. It is known that an acryloyloxy group tends to have a high polymerization rate, and an acryloyloxy group is preferred from the viewpoint of improving productivity, but a methacryloyloxy group can also be used as the polymerizable group.
  • a known cationic polymerizable group can be used, and examples thereof include an alicyclic ether group, a cyclic acetal group, a cyclic lactone group, a cyclic thioether group, a spiroorthoester group and a vinyloxy group.
  • an alicyclic ether group or a vinyloxy group is preferable, and an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group or a vinyloxy group is more preferable.
  • Examples of preferred polymerizable groups include polymerizable groups represented by the following formulas (P-1) to (P-30).
  • R P is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen having 1 to 20 carbon atoms alkyl group, alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkynyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, heterocyclic group (also referred to as heterocyclic group) , cyano group, hydroxy group, nitro group, carboxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group (including anilino group) ), ammonio group, acylamino group, aminocarbonylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group
  • the radically polymerizable group includes a vinyl group represented by the above formula (P-1), a butadiene group represented by the above formula (P-2), and a ( A meth)acryl group, a (meth)acrylamide group represented by the above formula (P-5), a vinyl acetate group represented by the above formula (P-6), and a fumaric acid represented by the above formula (P-7) an ester group, a styryl group represented by the above formula (P-8), a vinylpyrrolidone group represented by the above formula (P-9), a maleic anhydride represented by the above formula (P-11), or the above A maleimide group represented by the formula (P-12) is preferable, and the cationically polymerizable group includes a vinyl ether group represented by the above formula (P-18), an epoxy group represented by the above formula (P-19), Alternatively, an oxetanyl group represented by the above formula (P-20) is preferred.
  • the divalent spacer group represented by SP1 and SP2 is, for example, a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, or a heterocyclic ring having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. and the like.
  • the hydrogen atoms of the above alkylene groups and heterocyclic groups are halogen atoms, cyano groups, -Z H , -OH, -OZ H , -COOH, -C(O)Z H , -C(O)OZ H , -OC(O)Z H , -OC(O)OZ H , -NZ H Z H ', -NZ H C(O)Z H ', -NZ H C(O)OZ H ', -C(O) NZHZH ', -OC(O)NZHZH', -NZHC (O) NZH'OZH ' ' , -SH, -SZH , -C(S ) ZH, -C ( O )SZ H , —SC(O)Z H , wherein Z H , Z H ′, and Z′′ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • MA represents an optionally substituted aromatic ring, aliphatic ring or heterocyclic ring, preferably a 4- to 15-membered ring.
  • MA may be a monocyclic ring or a condensed ring, and multiple MAs may be the same or different.
  • Aromatic rings represented by MA include phenylene group, naphthylene group, fluorene-diyl group, anthracene-diyl group, and tetracene-diyl group. , a phenylene group and a naphthylene group are preferred.
  • Aliphatic rings represented by MA include a cyclopentylene group and a cyclohexylene group, and the carbon atoms are -O-, -Si(CH 3 ) 2 -, -N(Z)-, -C( O)—, (Z independently represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a cyano group, or a halogen atom.), —S—, —C(S) —, —S(O)—, and —SO 2 —, optionally substituted by a group consisting of two or more of these groups.
  • Atoms other than carbon constituting the heterocyclic ring represented by MA include a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and an oxygen atom.
  • the heterocycle has more than one non-carbon ring-constituting atom, these may be the same or different.
  • heterocycles include pyridylene group (pyridine-diyl group), pyridazine-diyl group, imidazole-diyl group, thienylene (thiophene-diyl group), quinolylene group (quinoline-diyl group), isoquinolylene group (isoquinoline -diyl group), oxazole-diyl group, thiazole-diyl group, oxadiazole-diyl group, benzothiazole-diyl group, benzothiadiazole-diyl group, phthalimido-diyl group, thienothiazole-diyl group, thiazolothiazole-diyl group groups, thienothiophene-diyl groups, and thienooxazole-diyl groups, structures (II-1) to (II-4) below, and the like.
  • D 1 represents -S-, -O-, or NR 11 -
  • R 11 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Y 1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or a monovalent carbon atom of 6 to 20 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, —NR 12 R 13 or SR 12 .
  • Z 1 and Z 2 may combine with each other to form an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring
  • R 12 and R 13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. show.
  • a 1 and A 2 each independently represents a group selected from the group consisting of -O-, -NR 21 - (R 21 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent), -S- and -CO- .
  • E represents a hydrogen atom or a nonmetallic atom of Groups 14-16 to which a substituent may be attached.
  • Ax represents an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring;
  • Ay is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or at least one aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring; represents an organic group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, the aromatic ring of Ax and Ay may have a substituent, and Ax and Ay may combine to form a ring.
  • D2 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • Y 1 when Y 1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, it may be monocyclic or polycyclic. When Y 1 is a C 3-12 aromatic heterocyclic group, it may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
  • a 1 and A 2 represent —NR 21 —, the substituents of R 21 can be referred to, for example, paragraphs 0035 to 0045 of JP-A-2008-107767. , the contents of which are incorporated herein.
  • R' represents a substituent, and as the substituent, for example, descriptions in paragraphs [0035] to [0045] of JP-A-2008-107767 can be referred to, and a nitrogen atom is preferable.
  • Substituents which the aromatic ring, aliphatic ring or hetero ring may have for MA in formula (A-1) include, for example, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 20 halogenated alkyl group, cycloalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkynyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkynyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl group, heterocyclic group (also referred to as heterocyclic group), cyano group, hydroxy group, nitro group, carboxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, heterocyclicoxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group (including anilino group),
  • na represents an integer of 2-10, more preferably an integer of 2-8.
  • Examples of smectic liquid crystal compounds include paragraphs [0033] to [0039] of JP-A-2008-19240, paragraphs [0037] to [0041] of JP-A-2008-214269, and JP-A-2006-215437. Examples include, but are not limited to, the compounds described in paragraphs [0033] to [0040] of the publication, as well as the structures shown below.
  • the content of the smectic liquid crystal compound is preferably 50 to 99% by mass, more preferably 60 to 95% by mass, based on the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition forming the anisotropic light absorbing layer.
  • Techniques for orienting a dichroic dye in a desired direction can refer to a technique for producing a polarizer using a dichroic dye, a technique for producing a guest-host liquid crystal cell, and the like.
  • the method for producing a dichroic polarizing element described in JP-A-11-305036 and JP-A-2002-90526, and the guest-host type described in JP-A-2002-99388 and JP-A-2016-27387 The technique used in the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device can also be used in manufacturing the anisotropic light absorption layer that constitutes the optical filter used in the optical device of the present invention.
  • a guest dichroic dye is mixed with a rod-like liquid crystal compound as a host liquid crystal, and the host liquid crystal is oriented, and the liquid crystal molecules are oriented.
  • An anisotropic light absorption layer can be produced by orienting the molecules of the dichroic portion substance along the and fixing the orientation state.
  • the orientation of the dichroic dye can be fixed by advancing the polymerization of the host liquid crystal, the dichroic dye, and optionally the polymerizable component.
  • two or more dichroic dyes may be used in combination, preferably three or more dichroic dyes.
  • the contrast becomes higher, and when used in a head-mounted display or the like, it is possible to further suppress the change in hue with respect to the original image.
  • At least one dichroic dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 560 to 700 nm and a wavelength of 455 nm or more and less than 560 nm and at least one dichroic dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 370 nm or more and less than 455 nm is represented by formula (1) described after paragraph [0043] of International Publication No. 2019/189345.
  • At least one dichroic dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 455 nm or more and less than 560 nm for example, the formula (2) described after paragraph [0054] of International Publication No. 2019/189345 compounds that are
  • the content of the dichroic dye is 5.0% by mass or more with respect to the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition forming the anisotropic light-absorbing layer.
  • it is preferably 8.0% by mass or more, more preferably 10.0% by mass or more, based on the total solid mass of the liquid crystal composition. It is preferably 10 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 50% by mass.
  • the total amount of the plurality of dichroic dyes is preferably within the above range.
  • a guest-host type liquid crystal cell itself having a liquid crystal layer containing at least a dichroic dye and a host liquid crystal on a pair of substrates may be used as the anisotropic light absorption layer used in the present invention.
  • the orientation of the host liquid crystal and the orientation of the accompanying dichroic dye molecules can be controlled by an orientation film formed on the inner surface of the substrate, and the orientation state is maintained unless an external stimulus such as an electric field is applied.
  • the light absorption characteristics of the anisotropic light absorption layer used in the present invention can be made constant.
  • the light required for the anisotropic light absorbing layer used in the present invention can be obtained.
  • Polymer films can be made that satisfy absorption properties. Specifically, it can be produced by applying a solution of a dichroic dye to the surface of a polymer film and allowing it to permeate into the film.
  • the orientation of the dichroic dye can be adjusted by the orientation of the polymer chains in the polymer film, the properties of the polymer chains, the coating method, and the like.
  • the properties of the polymer chain are chemical and physical properties such as the polymer chain or functional groups possessed by the polymer chain. Details of this method are described in JP-A-2002-90526.
  • a dichroic dye (dichroic substance) is defined as a compound having a function of absorbing light.
  • the dichroic dye may have any absorption maximum and absorption band, but has an absorption maximum in any of the yellow region (Y), magenta region (M), and cyan region (C). It is preferable to have In addition, two or more dichroic dyes may be used, and it is preferable to use a mixture of dichroic dyes having an absorption maximum in any of Y, M, and C, and the visible region (400 to 750 nm). It is more preferable to use a mixture of dichroic dyes so as to absorb the entire range of .
  • the yellow region is a wavelength range of 430 to 500 nm
  • the magenta region is a wavelength range of 500 to 600 nm
  • the cyan region is a wavelength range of 600 to 750 nm.
  • the thickness of the anisotropic light absorption layer is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 to 5 ⁇ m, even more preferably 0.5 to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the anisotropic light absorption layer is preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 to 5 ⁇ m, even more preferably 0.5 to 3 ⁇ m.
  • the method for producing the anisotropic light-absorbing layer is not particularly limited as long as the dichroic dye can be oriented so that the long axis of the dichroic dye is perpendicular to the substrate surface (horizontal surface). can be done.
  • the dichroic dye can be oriented so that the long axis of the dichroic dye is perpendicular to the substrate surface (horizontal surface).
  • an absorption layer coating solution containing at least an ultraviolet-curable liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye is applied on a substrate having an alignment film on the surface, and dried to form a coating layer. is formed, and the coating layer is heated to a temperature at which the liquid crystal phase is expressed and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form an anisotropic light-absorbing layer in which the long axis of the dichroic dye is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface. It is a method of forming.
  • the optical filters forming the optical devices of the present invention include polarizers in addition to such anisotropic light absorption.
  • the polarizer used in the present invention is a polarizer whose absorption axis exists in the main plane. That is, this polarizer is a polarizer whose absorption axis is parallel to the main surface. Since the optical filter has a polarizer, as described above, the optical filter acts like a polarizer arranged in crossed Nicols with respect to the oblique external light I s . absorption).
  • Various known polarizers whose absorption axis is parallel to the main surface can be used.
  • Examples include an iodine-based polarizer obtained by impregnating a stretched PVA film with polyiodine ions, a dye-based polarizer obtained by impregnating a stretched PVA film with a dichroic dye, and the absorption axis of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer described above.
  • An anisotropic light-absorbing layer exhibiting optical performance oriented parallel to the major surface is exemplified.
  • the optical filter may have a retardation layer between the anisotropic light-absorbing layer and the polarizer in addition to the anisotropic light-absorbing layer and the polarizer. That is, the optical filter includes a polarizer whose absorption axis is parallel to the main surface, a retardation layer, and an anisotropic light absorption layer whose absorption axis is 0 to 45° with respect to the normal to the main surface. It may be a laminate. Since the optical filter has the retardation layer, it is possible to adjust the polarization direction of the oblique external light I s and more preferably block the oblique external light I s by the optical filter. As a result, since the optical filter has the retardation layer, it is possible to suppress the rainbow unevenness caused by external light incident from obliquely forward overhead (obliquely forward overhead).
  • a suitable example of the retardation layer is a B plate.
  • a B plate means a biaxial optical member having different refractive indices nx, ny, and nz.
  • the refractive index nx is the refractive index in the film in-plane slow axis direction (the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximum)
  • the refractive index ny is the in-plane slow axis and in-plane
  • the refractive index in the orthogonal direction, the refractive index nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction.
  • Re (in-plane retardation) of the B plate is more than 80 nm and less than 250 nm, more preferably 100 nm or more and less than 250 nm, and still more preferably 100 nm or more and 200 nm or less.
  • the Nz coefficient of the B plate is preferably greater than 1.5, more preferably 2.0 or more and 10.0 or less, and even more preferably 3.0 or more and 5.0 or less.
  • the Rth of the B plate is preferably set so as to satisfy both the above preferable ranges of the Re and Nz coefficients, and specifically, preferably larger than 60 nm.
  • the slow axis of the B plate preferably has an azimuth angle (angle formed with the absorption axis of the polarizer) of ⁇ 10° or more and 10° or less when the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer is 0°. , -5° or more and 5° or less, and most preferably 0° (that is, parallel to the polarizer absorption axis). That is, the angle formed by the slow axis of the B plate and the absorption axis of the polarizer is preferably 10° or less, more preferably 5° or less, and most preferably 0°.
  • the optical properties of the B plate are within the above range, when viewed obliquely in an orientation that is neither horizontal nor perpendicular to the polarizer absorption axis in the plane of the film, the deviation from the perpendicularity between the polarizer absorption axis and the absorption axis is detected. can be compensated and the transmission in that direction can be reduced.
  • a combination of a positive A plate and a positive C plate is also preferably exemplified as the retardation layer. That is, as the retardation layer, a layered body in which a positive A plate and a positive C plate are laminated is also preferably exemplified.
  • the positive A plate means an optical member whose refractive indices nx, ny, and nz satisfy the following formula (1).
  • a positive C plate is an optical member whose refractive indices nx, ny, and nz satisfy the following formula (2).
  • Re of the laminate of the positive C plate and the positive A plate is preferably larger than 80 nm and smaller than 250 nm, more preferably 100 to 200 nm, and even more preferably 100 to 150 nm. Since the positive C plate has Re ⁇ 0, the Re of the laminate of the positive C plate and the positive A plate is substantially the same as that of the positive A plate, and the laminate of the positive C plate and the positive A plate The slow axis is substantially the same as the slow axis of the positive A plate.
  • the slow axis of the positive A plate preferably has an azimuth angle of 80 to 100°, more preferably 85 to 95°, more preferably 90° (that is, perpendicular to the polarizer absorption axis).
  • the angle formed by the slow axis of the positive A plate and the absorption axis of the polarizer is preferably 80 to 100°, more preferably 85 to 95°, and even more preferably 90°.
  • Rth of the laminate of the positive C plate and the positive A plate is preferably smaller than ⁇ 60 nm, more preferably ⁇ 600 to ⁇ 100 nm, and even more preferably ⁇ 500 nm to ⁇ 200 nm. Since the positive A plate has Rth ⁇ Re/2, the Rth of the stack of the positive C plate and the positive A plate is the sum of the Rths of the positive A plate and the positive C plate.
  • the polarizer absorption axis and the polarizer absorption are observed obliquely in an orientation neither horizontal nor perpendicular to the polarizer absorption axis in the film plane. A deviation of the axis from normal can be compensated for and the transmission in that direction can be reduced.
  • the Re and Rth wavelength dispersions of the positive C plate and the positive A plate are preferably reverse dispersions in order to reduce coloring of light transmitted through the optical filter of the present invention. More specifically, when the optical filter of the optical element of the present invention has a retardation layer, the wavelength dependence of the retardation layer is Re (450 nm) ⁇ Re (550 nm) ⁇ Re (650 nm), or It is preferable to satisfy Rth (450 nm) ⁇ Rth (550 nm) ⁇ Rth (650 nm).
  • the positive A plate is preferably placed on the anisotropic light absorption layer side. That is, when a laminate of a positive C plate and a positive A plate is used as the retardation layer, the optical filter is composed of a polarizer, a positive C plate, a positive A plate and an anisotropic light absorption layer laminated in this order. A laminate is preferred. Such a configuration is preferable in that the oblique external light I s can be shielded more preferably by the optical filter.
  • the optical filter has a retardation layer having a twisted structure between two anisotropic light absorption layers. That is, the optical filter includes an anisotropic light absorption layer having an absorption axis of 0 to 45° with respect to the normal to the main surface, a retardation layer having a twisted structure, and an absorption axis of 0 to the normal to the main surface. It may be a laminate having an anisotropic light absorbing layer with an angle of ⁇ 45° in this order.
  • .DELTA.n.d indicates the retardation of a retardation layer having a twisted structure, and is indicated by the product of the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer and the birefringence index .DELTA.n of the liquid crystal.
  • the twist angle indicates the degree of rotation of the liquid crystal director of the refractive index anisotropic layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate.
  • the retardation layer having a twisted structure preferably satisfies the following formula, since the effect of the present invention of more preferably suppressing iridescent unevenness can be obtained.
  • Formula (3) 200 nm ⁇ nd ⁇ 1500 nm.
  • the retardation layer having a twisted structure includes a liquid crystal layer made of a rod-like or discotic liquid crystal compound, a TN liquid crystal cell, an STN liquid crystal cell, or a VATN liquid crystal cell whose alignment state can be controlled by voltage application. By using a liquid crystal cell whose alignment state can be controlled by voltage application, it is possible to switch between a light blocking state and a transmitting state.
  • the optical filter may include a protective layer, an oxygen blocking layer, an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer, etc., in addition to the anisotropic light absorption layer, polarizer, and retardation layer. It may have an adhesive layer, an ultraviolet absorbing layer, and a layer that absorbs specific visible light such as a blue light absorbing layer.
  • the optical filter that constitutes the optical device of the present invention can be used in various optical devices other than the head-mounted display described above.
  • an optical filter on the entire surface of an image display device such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display, it plays a role of preventing prying eyes from the surroundings.
  • an optical filter over the entire surface of these image display devices, it is possible to greatly reduce the intrusion of external light such as illumination light or sunlight, thereby improving bright room contrast.
  • alignment film layer AL1 The surface of a commercially available cellulose acylate film (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd., product name: FUJITAC TG40UL) was saponified with an alkaline solution, and the alignment film-forming composition 1 described below was applied thereon with a wire bar. The support on which the coating film was formed was dried with hot air at 60° C. for 60 seconds and then with hot air at 100° C. for 120 seconds to form an alignment film AL1, and TAC film 1 with an alignment film was obtained. The film thickness of the alignment film AL1 was 1 ⁇ m.
  • composition P1 for forming anisotropic light absorption layer ⁇ ⁇ 0.63 parts by weight of the following dichroic dye D-1 ⁇ 0.17 parts by weight of the following dichroic dye D-2 ⁇ 1.13 parts by weight of the following dichroic dye D-3 ⁇
  • the following polymer liquid crystal compound P- 1 8.18 parts by mass IRGACURE OXE-02 (manufactured by BASF) 0.16 parts by mass Alignment agent E-1 below 0.13 parts by mass Alignment agent E-2 below 0.13 parts by mass Surfactant below F-1 0.004 parts by mass Cyclopentanone 85.01 parts by mass Benzyl alcohol 4.47 parts by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • protective layer B1 On the obtained anisotropic light-absorbing layer V, the following protective layer-forming composition B1 was continuously applied with a wire bar to form a coating film. Subsequently, the support on which the coating film was formed was dried with hot air at 60° C. for 60 seconds and then with hot air at 100° C. for 120 seconds to form a protective layer B1, and a laminate V was produced. The film thickness of the protective layer was 0.5 ⁇ m. When the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ was measured by the method described above using the produced laminate V, it was 0°.
  • the transmittance center axis angle ⁇ calculated above is the same as that of the anisotropic light absorption layer It can be read as the value of V.
  • the transmittance of the laminate at a wavelength of 550 nm was measured using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience). The transmittance in the normal direction of the laminate was 78%, and the transmittance in the direction inclined by 30° from the normal direction of the laminate was 17%.
  • ⁇ (Protective layer-forming composition B1) ⁇ ⁇
  • alignment film layer AL2 On the surface of a commercially available cellulose acylate film (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd., trade name: FUJITAC TG40UL), the following alignment film-forming composition 2 was applied with a wire bar. The support on which the coating film was formed was dried with hot air at 140° C. for 120 seconds to form an alignment film AL2, and a TAC film 2 with an alignment film was obtained. The film thickness of the alignment film AL2 was 1 ⁇ m.
  • Polymer PA-1 (Wherein, the numerical value described in each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units.)
  • Liquid crystal compound L-2 [84:14:2 (mass ratio) mixture of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA) (RB) (RC)]
  • the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ calculated above is the same as that of the anisotropic light absorption layer of the laminate V2 It can be read as the value of V2. Also, the transmittance of the laminate at a wavelength of 550 nm was measured using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience). The transmittance in the normal direction of the laminate was 78%, and the transmittance in the direction inclined by 30° from the normal direction of the laminate was 17%.
  • a layered product V3 was produced in the same manner as the layered product V1, except that the anisotropic light-absorbing layer-forming composition P3 having the following composition was used instead of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer-forming composition P1.
  • the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ was measured by the method described above using the produced laminate V3, it was 0°. Note that the layer structure other than the anisotropic light absorption layer V3 of the laminate V3 has no light absorption anisotropy, so the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ calculated above is the same as that of the anisotropic light absorption layer of the laminate V3. It can be read as the value of V3.
  • the transmittance of the laminate at a wavelength of 550 nm was measured using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience).
  • the transmittance in the normal direction of the laminate was 69%, and the transmittance in the direction inclined by 30° from the normal direction of the laminate was 15%.
  • a layered product V4 was produced in the same manner as the layered product V1, except that the anisotropic light-absorbing layer-forming composition P4 having the following composition was used instead of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer-forming composition P1.
  • the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ was measured by the method described above using the produced laminate V4, it was 0°. Since the layer structure other than the anisotropic light absorption layer V4 of the laminate V4 has no light absorption anisotropy, the transmittance center axis angle ⁇ calculated above is the same as that of the anisotropic light absorption layer of the laminate V4. It can be read as the value of V4.
  • the transmittance of the laminate at a wavelength of 550 nm was measured using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience).
  • the transmittance in the normal direction of the laminate was 70%, and the transmittance in the direction inclined by 30° from the normal direction of the laminate was 15%.
  • a layered product V5 was produced in the same manner as the layered product V1, except that the anisotropic light-absorbing layer-forming composition P5 having the following composition was used instead of the anisotropic light-absorbing layer-forming composition P1.
  • the transmittance central axis angle ⁇ was measured by the method described above using the produced laminate V5, it was 0°. Since none of the layer structures other than the anisotropic light absorption layer V5 of the laminate V5 has light absorption anisotropy, the transmittance center axis angle ⁇ calculated above is It can be read as the value of V5.
  • the transmittance of the laminate at a wavelength of 550 nm was measured using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience).
  • the transmittance in the normal direction of the laminate was 65%, and the transmittance in the direction inclined by 30° from the normal direction of the laminate was 12%.
  • the thickness of the PVA polarizer was 8 ⁇ m.
  • a saponified cellulose acylate film (40 ⁇ m thick TAC substrate; TG40UL manufactured by Fuji Film) was laminated on both sides of the above PVA polarizer using a 5% aqueous solution of completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol as an adhesive.
  • the polarizing element laminated with the cellulose acylate film was passed through a nip roll machine and dried at 60° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a PVA polarizing plate.
  • a cycloolefin resin (ARTON G7810 manufactured by JSR Corporation) was dried at 100°C for 2 hours or more and melt-extruded at 280°C using a twin-screw kneading extruder.
  • a screen filter, a gear pump, and a leaf disk filter are arranged in this order between the extruder and the die, these are connected with a melt pipe, and extruded from a T die with a width of 1000 mm and a lip gap of 1 mm.
  • the unstretched film 1 being transported was subjected to a stretching process and a heat setting process by the following method.
  • (a) Longitudinal Stretching The unstretched film 1 was longitudinally stretched under the following conditions while being transported using an inter-roll longitudinal stretching machine having an aspect ratio (L/W) of 0.2. Preheating temperature: 170°C, stretching temperature: 170°C, stretching ratio: 155%
  • (b) Lateral Stretching The longitudinally stretched film was laterally stretched under the following conditions while being conveyed using a tenter. Preheating temperature: 170°C, stretching temperature: 170°C, stretching ratio: 80%
  • the ends of the stretched film are held with tenter clips to keep the width constant (range of expansion or contraction within 3%) while holding both ends of the stretched film under the following conditions. It was heat-treated and heat-set. Heat setting temperature: 165° C., heat setting time: 30 seconds The preheating temperature, stretching temperature, and heat setting temperature are average values measured at five points in the width direction using a radiation thermometer.
  • both ends were trimmed and wound with a tension of 25 kg/m to obtain a film roll with a width of 1340 mm and a winding length of 2000 m.
  • the obtained stretched film had an in-plane retardation Re of 160 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, a thickness direction retardation Rth of 390 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, an Nz coefficient of 2.9, a slow axis in the MD direction, and a film thickness of 80 ⁇ m. This was designated as B plate.
  • a coating liquid 1 for a photo-alignment film was prepared with reference to the description of JP-A-2012-155308 and Example 3.
  • a cellulose acetate film mZ-TAC manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.
  • the previously prepared coating solution 1 for photo-alignment film was applied with a bar coater. After coating, the coating was dried on a hot plate at 120° C. for 2 minutes to remove the solvent and form a coating film.
  • a photo-alignment film AL2 was formed by irradiating the obtained coating film with polarized ultraviolet rays (10 mJ/cm 2 , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp).
  • a liquid crystal layer-forming composition 1 having the following composition was prepared.
  • the liquid crystal layer forming composition 1 was applied on the photo-alignment film AL2 with a bar coater to form a composition layer. After heating the formed composition layer to 110° C. on a hot plate, it was cooled to 60° C. to stabilize the orientation. Thereafter, the film was kept at 60° C.
  • composition 1 for liquid crystal layer formation ⁇ Liquid crystal compound R2 42.00 parts by mass Liquid crystal compound R3 42.00 parts by mass Polymerizable compound B2 16.00 parts by mass Polymerization initiator P3 0.50 parts by mass Surfactant S3 0.15 parts by mass Hisolve MTEM (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 2.00 parts by mass NK Ester A-200 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1.00 parts by mass Methyl ethyl ketone 424.8 parts by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • the coating side surface of the positive A plate prepared above was subjected to corona treatment at a discharge amount of 150 W min/m 2 , and the positive A plate was treated using the following liquid crystal layer forming composition 2 in the same procedure as above.
  • a positive C plate was made on the plate.
  • a laminated body (a laminated body of a positive A plate and a positive C plate) was obtained by laminating the positive A plate and the positive C plate.
  • Liquid crystal compound R4 A mixture of 83:15:2 (mass ratio) of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA) (RB) (RC)
  • Monomer K1 A-TMMT (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.)
  • Surfactant S2 (weight average molecular weight: 11,200)
  • the film thickness of the photo-alignment film AL3 was 1.0 ⁇ m.
  • the slow axis of the anisotropic light absorption layer H in the portion of the intermediate diffraction element of the AR glass light guide plate described later is 0° with respect to the horizontal direction
  • the slow axis of the anisotropic light absorption layer H in the portion of the output diffraction element was controlled in-plane so as to be 90° with respect to the horizontal direction.
  • the output diffraction element portion was masked so as not to be exposed to the polarized ultraviolet rays.
  • Polymer PA-1 (Wherein, the numerical value described in each repeating unit represents the content (mass%) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units.)
  • an anisotropic light absorption layer H (polarizer) (thickness: 1.8 ⁇ m) was irradiated on the photo-alignment film AL3 by irradiating for 2 seconds under irradiation conditions of an illuminance of 200 mW/cm 2 using an LED lamp (center wavelength 365 nm). ) was made.
  • an automatic polarizing film measurement device manufactured by JASCO Corporation, trade name VAP-7070
  • composition of Composition for Forming Light-Absorbing Anisotropic Film ⁇ ⁇ 0.65 parts by mass of the first dichroic dye Dye-C1 below ⁇ 0.15 parts by mass of the second dichroic dye Dye-M1 below ⁇ 0.52 parts by mass of the third dichroic dye Dye-Y1 below Parts Liquid crystal compound L-1 below 2.69 parts by weight Liquid crystal compound L-2 below 1.15 parts by weight Adhesion improver A-1 below 0.17 parts by weight Polymerization initiator IRGACUREOXE-02 (manufactured by BASF) 0.17 parts by mass, 0.013 parts by mass of the following surfactant F-1, 92.14 parts by mass of cyclopentanone, and 2.36 parts by mass of benzyl alcohol ⁇ ⁇
  • Liquid crystal compound L-1 (Wherein, the numerical values ("59", “15”, “26") described in each repeating unit represent the content (% by mass) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units.)
  • Liquid crystal compound L-2 [84:14:2 (mass ratio) mixture of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA) (RB) (RC)]
  • Surfactant F-1 (Wherein, the numerical value described in each repeating unit represents the content (% by mass) of each repeating unit with respect to all repeating units. Ac means —C(O)CH 3 .)
  • a coating liquid D1 having the following composition was continuously applied onto the anisotropic light absorbing layer H with a wire bar. After that, by drying with hot air at 80° C. for 5 minutes, a laminate having an oxygen barrier layer D1 made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) having a thickness of 1.0 ⁇ m was formed, that is, a cellulose acylate film Z-TAC (transparent).
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • a laminate H comprising a support), a photo-alignment film AL3, an anisotropic light-absorbing layer H, and an oxygen blocking layer D1 adjacent to each other in this order was obtained.
  • a coating liquid 1 for a photo-alignment film was prepared with reference to the description of JP-A-2012-155308 and Example 3.
  • a cellulose acetate film "Z-TAC" thickness: 40 ⁇ m
  • the previously prepared coating solution 1 for photo-alignment film was applied using a bar coater. After coating, the coating was dried on a hot plate at 120° C. for 2 minutes to remove the solvent and form a coating film.
  • a TAC film 4 having a photo-alignment film 1 formed thereon was produced by irradiating the obtained coating film with polarized ultraviolet rays (10 mJ/cm 2 , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp).
  • a liquid crystal layer-forming composition 1 having the following composition was prepared.
  • the liquid crystal layer forming composition 1 was applied on the photo-alignment film AL4 with a bar coater to form a composition layer. After heating the formed composition layer to 110° C. on a hot plate, it was cooled to 60° C. to stabilize the orientation. After that, the temperature was maintained at 60° C., and the orientation was fixed by ultraviolet irradiation (500 mJ/cm 2 , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp) in a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration: 100 ppm). A retardation layer having a 90° twist structure was produced. ⁇ nd of the obtained retardation layer having a twisted structure was 450 nm (wavelength: 550 nm).
  • composition 1 for liquid crystal layer formation Liquid crystal compound R1 84.00 parts by mass Polymerizable compound B2 16.00 parts by mass Polymerization initiator P3 0.50 parts by mass Surfactant S3 0.15 parts by mass Chiral agent 0.1 parts by mass Hisolve MTEM (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 2.00 parts by mass NK Ester A-200 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1.00 parts by mass Methyl ethyl ketone 424.8 parts by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • an acrylate polymer was prepared according to the following procedure. 95 parts by mass of butyl acrylate and 5 parts by mass of acrylic acid were polymerized by a solution polymerization method in a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a nitrogen inlet tube, a thermometer and a stirring device to obtain an average molecular weight of 2,000,000 and a molecular weight distribution (Mw/ An acrylate polymer (NA1) having Mn) of 3.0 was obtained.
  • an acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive was produced with the following composition. These compositions were applied to a separate film surface-treated with a silicone-based release agent using a die coater, dried in an environment of 90°C for 1 minute, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays (UV) under the following conditions. Adhesive N1 and adhesive N2 (adhesive layer) were obtained. The composition and film thickness of the acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive are shown below.
  • UV irradiation conditions > ⁇ Electrodeless lamp H bulb manufactured by Fusion ⁇ Illuminance 600mW/cm 2 , Light quantity 150mJ/cm 2 ⁇ The UV illuminance and the amount of light were measured using “UVPF-36” manufactured by Eyegraphics.
  • ⁇ Acrylate adhesive N1 film thickness: 5 ⁇ m, storage modulus: 2.6 MPa
  • ⁇ ⁇ Acrylate polymer (NA1) 100 parts by mass ⁇ The following (A) polyfunctional acrylate monomer 11.1 parts by mass ⁇ The following (B) photopolymerization initiator 1.1 parts by mass ⁇ The following (C) isocyanate cross-linking agent 1 .0 parts by mass ⁇ 0.2 parts by mass of the following (D) silane coupling agent ⁇ ⁇
  • (A) Polyfunctional acrylate-based monomer: tris(acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate, molecular weight 423, trifunctional type (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., trade name “Aronix M-315”)
  • Isocyanate-based cross-linking agent trimethylolpropane-modified tolylene diisocyanate ("Coronate L” manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Co., Ltd.)
  • Silane coupling agent 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane ("KBM-403" manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
  • optical filter 1 (Production of optical filter 1)
  • the PVA polarizer and the surface of the TAC film 1 of the laminate V were pasted together with the adhesive layer N1. Further, an optical filter 1 is obtained by laminating an adhesive layer N2 on the surface of the protective layer B1 of the laminate V.
  • optical filter 4 The surface of the oxygen barrier layer D1 of the laminate H and the surface of the TAC film 1 of the laminate V were laminated together with the adhesive layer N1. Further, an optical filter 4 is obtained by laminating an adhesive layer N2 on the surface of the protective layer B1 of the laminate V.
  • the laminated body H becomes a polarizer.
  • optical filter 5 (Production of optical filter 5)
  • the protective layer B1 side of the laminate V and the 2 sides of the TAC film of the retardation layer having a twisted structure were bonded with the adhesive layer N1.
  • the retardation layer surface of the retardation layer having a twisted structure and the surface of the TAC film 1 of the laminate V of the second layer were bonded with the adhesive layer N1.
  • an optical filter 5 is obtained by laminating an adhesive layer N2 on the surface of the protective layer B1 of the laminate V as the second layer.
  • optical filter 6 (Production of optical filter 6)
  • the PVA polarizer and the surface of the TAC film 2 of the laminate V2 were bonded with the adhesive layer N1. Further, an optical filter 6 is obtained by bonding an adhesive layer N2 to the surface of the protective layer B2 of the laminate V2.
  • optical filter 7 (Production of optical filter 7)
  • the PVA polarizer and the surface of the TAC film 1 of the laminate V3 were bonded with the adhesive layer N1. Further, an optical filter 7 is obtained by bonding an adhesive layer N2 to the surface of the protective layer B1 of the laminate V3.
  • optical filter 8 (Production of optical filter 8)
  • the PVA polarizer and the surface of the TAC film 1 of the laminate V4 were bonded with the adhesive layer N1. Further, an optical filter 8 is obtained by bonding an adhesive layer N2 to the surface of the protective layer B1 of the laminate V4.
  • optical filter 9 (Production of optical filter 9)
  • the PVA polarizer and the surface of the TAC film 1 of the laminate V5 were bonded with the adhesive layer N1. Further, an optical filter 9 is obtained by bonding an adhesive layer N2 to the surface of the protective layer B1 of the laminate V5.
  • a light-shielding lens on the right side of the AR glass (BLADE manufactured by Vuzix) was removed from the side opposite to the viewing surface, and preparation was made so that an optical filter could be attached to the light guide plate.
  • the adhesive layer N2 of the optical filter 1 was adhered to the side of the light guide plate opposite to the viewing surface so as to cover the entire light guide plate, and the head mounted display 1 was produced.
  • This AR glass has an incident diffraction element, an exit diffraction element and an intermediate diffraction element similar to those in FIG. 3 on the surface of the light guide plate.
  • the viewing surface is the surface facing the user using the AR glasses
  • the anti-observing surface side is the surface opposite to the user using the AR glasses, that is, the surface facing the user using the AR glasses. is the incident side surface.
  • the optical filters 2 to 5 are arranged as shown in Table 1, and the adhesive layer N2 of the optical filter is placed on the opposite side of the light guide plate from the observation surface so that the entire light guide plate is covered. , and head-mounted displays 2 to 5 were produced.
  • a head-mounted display 9 was obtained by removing the light-shielding lens on the right side of AR glass (BLADE manufactured by Vuzix) on the anti-observation side.
  • a head-mounted display 10 (Fabrication of head mounted display 10) Instead of the optical filter 1 of the head-mounted display 1, a HOYA absorption ND filter OD1.5 50 ⁇ 50 (transmittance 3%, manufactured by HOYA Corporation) was attached to the non-observation side of the light guide plate with an adhesive layer N2. , a head-mounted display 10 was produced.
  • the head mounted display is the same as the head mounted display 1 except that the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer of the optical filter 1 is changed from 0° to the horizontal direction to 60° to the horizontal direction. 11 was produced.
  • the optical filters 6 to 9 are arranged as shown in Table 1, and the adhesive layer N2 of the optical filter is on the opposite side of the light guide plate to cover the entire light guide plate. , and head-mounted displays 12 to 15 were produced.
  • the head-mounted display of the present invention has sufficient background visibility and suitably suppresses rainbow unevenness caused by outside light incident from above the head. Further, as shown in Examples 1, 9 and 10 to 13, by setting the angle formed by the slit direction of the diffraction element and the absorption axis of the polarizer to 0 to 45°, the rainbow Visibility of unevenness can be suppressed. Further, as shown in Examples 2, 3, and 5, by having the retardation layer in the optical filter, it is possible to suitably suppress rainbow unevenness caused by external light incident from the front obliquely above the head.
  • Example 4 in the output diffraction element in which the slit direction of the diffraction element is 76° with respect to the horizontal direction, the angle formed by the slit direction of the diffraction element and the absorption axis of the polarizer is 0 to 45°. By doing so, it is possible to suitably suppress the rainbow unevenness caused by the external light incident from the front obliquely above the head. Further, as shown in Examples 6 to 8, by arranging optical filters on both surfaces of the light guide plate, it is possible to suppress rainbow unevenness due to external light incident from behind at an oblique direction overhead.
  • the head-mounted display of Comparative Example 1 which does not have an optical filter, has high visibility of the background, but cannot suppress rainbow unevenness.
  • the head-mounted display of Comparative Example 2 in which the ND filter was used instead of the optical filter, suppressed rainbow unevenness, but the visibility of the background was poor. From the above results, the effect of the present invention is clear.

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WO2025069864A1 (ja) * 2023-09-27 2025-04-03 富士フイルム株式会社 光吸収異方性膜および積層体
WO2025074904A1 (ja) * 2023-10-06 2025-04-10 富士フイルム株式会社 フィルム、光学部材、光学装置、ヘッドマウントディスプレイ
WO2025159112A1 (ja) * 2024-01-25 2025-07-31 富士フイルム株式会社 光学フィルムおよびヘッドマウントディスプレイ
WO2025164777A1 (ja) * 2024-02-02 2025-08-07 富士フイルム株式会社 光学素子、導光素子、表示光学システム、ニアアイディスプレイ、測定光学システム、画像表示装置

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