WO2023109673A1 - Structure d'antenne et dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Structure d'antenne et dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023109673A1
WO2023109673A1 PCT/CN2022/137913 CN2022137913W WO2023109673A1 WO 2023109673 A1 WO2023109673 A1 WO 2023109673A1 CN 2022137913 W CN2022137913 W CN 2022137913W WO 2023109673 A1 WO2023109673 A1 WO 2023109673A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna structure
radiator
electrically connected
feeding
feed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/137913
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周圆
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2023109673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023109673A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to an antenna structure and electronic equipment.
  • Pattern reconfigurable technology refers to the use of different states of adjustable devices to achieve different radiation patterns obtained by the same antenna, so that the antenna can cover more spatial areas. Therefore, the pattern reconfigurable antenna can bring many advantages that traditional antennas do not have. Different patterns can be obtained through one antenna, which can reduce the hardware cost and volume of the antenna, and meet the communication needs.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and electronic equipment. By changing the electric field distribution in the annular gap, the antenna structure becomes a pattern-reconfigurable antenna to increase antenna coverage and meet communication needs.
  • an antenna structure including: a radiator, an annular slot is arranged on the radiator, and the radiator is divided into a first part and a second part by the annular slot; the annular slot includes a first One position, the first position is provided with an inductor and a switch, wherein one end of the switch is electrically connected to the first part on one side of the first position, and the other end of the switch is electrically connected to one end of the inductor connected, and the other end of the inductor is electrically connected to the second part on the other side of the first position.
  • the antenna structure becomes a pattern reconfigurable antenna, so as to Enlarging the antenna coverage (for example, achieving 360° omnidirectional coverage) and achieving a stable connection will help meet communication needs and improve user experience.
  • the antenna structure when the switch is in the first switch state, the antenna structure generates a first pattern; when the switch is in the second switch state, the antenna structure A second pattern is generated; the first pattern and the second pattern are complementary.
  • the antenna structure is omnidirectional, which is beneficial for the antenna structure to receive electromagnetic waves from all directions, and also facilitates the antenna structure to transmit electromagnetic waves to various directions, thereby improving user experience.
  • the antenna structure includes multiple first positions.
  • the antenna structure may include a plurality of first positions, and a switch and an inductor electrically connected to the first part and the second part are provided at each first position, and each position can be switched by switching the state of the switch.
  • the electrical connection state between one end of the inductor at the first position and the first part can control the state of the switch according to actual work requirements, so as to change the pattern of the antenna structure to meet communication requirements.
  • the antenna structure further includes a first feed unit; wherein, one end of the first feed unit is electrically connected to the first part, and the first feed unit is electrically connected to the first part. The other end of a feed unit is electrically connected to the second part.
  • the first feeding unit may be used to feed the antenna structure.
  • the first part of the antenna structure may be grounded, or the second part may be grounded.
  • the radiator is a columnar structure, and the annular slot at the first end of the radiator is provided with the first position.
  • the antenna structure may also be a three-dimensional structure, which is beneficial to meet different size requirements of the internal design space of the electronic device.
  • the antenna structure further includes a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is disposed at the second end of the radiator, and the metal layer is connected to the radiator body electrical connection.
  • the metal layer may be used as a floor, or the metal layer may be electrically connected to the floor in the electronic device, which is equivalent to the floor.
  • an antenna structure including: a radiator and a feed network; wherein, the radiator is provided with an annular slot, and the radiator is divided into a first part and a second part by the annular slot, The second part is located outside the first part; the annular gap includes a first position, the first position is provided with an inductance, and the two ends of the inductance are respectively connected to the first position on both sides of the first position.
  • a part is electrically connected to the second part; the first end of the feed network is electrically connected to the second position of the second part, and the second end of the feed network is connected to the third part of the second part.
  • the position is electrically connected;
  • the feed network includes a first feed point and a second feed point, and when the first feed point feeds power, the electrical signal of the second position and the electrical signal of the third position
  • the phase difference is 0° ⁇ 45°; when the second feeding point feeds power, the phase difference between the electrical signal at the second position and the electrical signal at the third position is 180° ⁇ 45°.
  • the antenna structure when the antenna structure is working, by feeding with different feeding methods (co-directional feeding or differential feeding), the electric field distribution in the annular gap is changed, so that the antenna structure becomes a reproducible pattern.
  • Antennas can be constructed to increase antenna coverage (for example, to achieve 360° omnidirectional coverage), to achieve stable connections, to help meet communication needs, and to improve user experience.
  • the feed network includes a first feed stub, a second feed stub, and a ring stub; wherein the ring stub includes a first connection point and a second feed stub.
  • Two connection points one end of the first feed branch is electrically connected to the first connection point, and the other end of the first feed branch is electrically connected to the second position of the second part;
  • the second One end of the feeding stub is electrically connected to the second connection point, and the other end of the second feeding stub is electrically connected to the third position of the second part;
  • the annular stub includes the first feeding point and the second feed point.
  • the distance between the first feed point and the first connection point along the ring stub is equal to the distance between the first feed point and the The distance between the second connection points along the annular branch.
  • the distance between the second feeding point and the first connection point along the annular branch, and the distance between the second feeding point and the The distance between the second connection points along the annular branches differs by half of the first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band of the antenna structure.
  • the above feed network can be used to ensure that the feed mode at the second feed point is differential feed.
  • the antenna structure further includes a second feeding unit and a third feeding unit, when the second feeding unit is at the first feeding point When feeding, the antenna structure generates a third pattern; when the third feeding unit feeds power at the second feeding point, the antenna structure generates a fourth pattern; the third pattern Complementary to the fourth pattern.
  • the antenna structure is omnidirectional, which is beneficial for the antenna structure to receive electromagnetic waves from all directions, and also facilitates the antenna structure to transmit electromagnetic waves to various directions, thereby improving user experience.
  • the feeding mode of the antenna structure can be switched, so as to obtain the third or fourth direction diagram to meet the communication needs.
  • the antenna structure further includes a dielectric plate; wherein the dielectric plate is disposed between the radiator and the feeding network.
  • the dielectric board can be used to support the feeder network.
  • the radiator is a columnar structure, and the annular slot at the first end of the radiator is provided with the first position.
  • the antenna structure may also be a three-dimensional structure, which is beneficial to meet different size requirements of the internal design space of the electronic device.
  • the antenna structure further includes a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is disposed at the second end of the radiator, and the metal layer is connected to the radiator body electrical connection.
  • the metal layer may be used as a floor, or the metal layer may be electrically connected to the floor in the electronic device, which is equivalent to the floor.
  • an electronic device including the antenna structure according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the electronic device is a router.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 2 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 3 .
  • FIG. 8 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 3 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 4 .
  • FIG. 10 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 4 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 5 .
  • FIG. 12 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 5 .
  • FIG. 13 is a graph of S-parameter simulation results when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in different working modes.
  • FIG. 14 is a simulation diagram of efficiency when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 1 .
  • FIG. 15 is a simulation diagram of efficiency when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 2 .
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the switch in the antenna structure shown in Fig. 16 is in a first switching state.
  • Fig. 18 is a directional diagram when the switch in the antenna structure shown in Fig. 16 is in a first switching state.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the switch in the antenna structure shown in Fig. 16 is in a second switching state.
  • Fig. 20 is a directional diagram when the switch in the antenna structure shown in Fig. 16 is in a second switching state.
  • Fig. 21 is a graph of S-parameter simulation results when the switches in the antenna structure shown in Fig. 16 are respectively in the first switch state and the second switch state.
  • Fig. 22 is a simulation diagram of efficiency when the switches in the antenna structure shown in Fig. 16 are respectively in the first switching state and the second switching state.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a partially enlarged view of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 23 .
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 23 is fed by the first feed point.
  • Fig. 26 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure shown in Fig. 23 when fed by the first feeding point.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 23 is fed by the second feed point.
  • Fig. 28 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure shown in Fig. 23 when feeding power at the second feeding point.
  • Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 29 is fed by the first feed point.
  • Fig. 31 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure shown in Fig. 29 when feeding power at the first feeding point.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 29 is fed by the second feed point.
  • Fig. 33 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure shown in Fig. 29 when feeding power at the second feeding point.
  • connection in this application can be understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in the circuit structure through printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) copper foil or wires It can also be understood as the form of electrical connection through indirect coupling.
  • Coupling can be understood as the electrical conduction through indirect coupling. Among them, those skilled in the art can understand that the coupling phenomenon refers to the close relationship between the input and output of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks. The phenomenon of cooperation and mutual influence, and the transfer of energy from one side to the other through the interaction. Both “connection” and “connection” can refer to a mechanical or physical connection relationship.
  • connection between A and B or the connection between A and B can mean that there are fastening components (such as screws, bolts, etc.) between A and B. rivets, etc.), or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.
  • fastening components such as screws, bolts, etc.
  • Antenna gain refers to the actual antenna and the ideal radiating unit (since the ideal radiating unit does not exist, it is replaced by a dipole antenna (dipole) in practical applications) at the same point in space under the condition of equal input power
  • the ratio of the power density of the resulting signal It quantitatively describes the degree to which an antenna concentrates the input power and radiates it.
  • the electric field strength E is a one-variable function of time t.
  • the vector endpoints periodically draw a trajectory in space. If the trajectory is straight and vertical to the ground (the plane where the floor is located), it is called vertical polarization, and if it is horizontal to the ground, it is called horizontal polarization.
  • the vibration directions of the horizontally polarized and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to each other, the coupling between the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave is relatively low, and the isolation is relatively good.
  • Antenna system efficiency refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the port of the antenna.
  • Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated from the antenna to space (that is, the power that effectively converts the electromagnetic wave part) to the active power input to the antenna.
  • active power input to the antenna input power of the antenna ⁇ loss power;
  • the loss power mainly includes return loss power and metal ohmic loss power and/or dielectric loss power.
  • Radiation efficiency is a value to measure the radiation capability of an antenna, and metal loss and dielectric loss are both influencing factors of radiation efficiency.
  • the efficiency is generally represented by a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB, and the closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna is.
  • Antenna return loss It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit and the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated to the space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated to the space through the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • the return loss of the antenna can be expressed by the S11 parameter, and the S11 is one of the S parameters.
  • S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can characterize the quality of the antenna's emission efficiency.
  • the S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the return loss of the antenna, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that the more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna; the S11 parameter The larger is, the greater the return loss of the antenna is, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna is.
  • the S11 value of -4dB is generally used as a standard.
  • the S11 value of the antenna is less than -4dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is relatively good.
  • Ground can generally refer to at least a part of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc. in an electronic device (such as a router), or any combination of any of the above ground layers, or ground plates, or ground components, etc. At least in part, “ground” can be used to ground components within electronic equipment. In one embodiment, the "ground” may be the ground layer of the circuit board of the electronic device, or the ground plane formed by the middle frame of the electronic device or the ground metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen.
  • the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer or 12-14 layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13 or 14 layers of conductive material, or a printed circuit board such as A dielectric or insulating layer, such as fiberglass, polymer, etc., that separates and electrically insulates components.
  • the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer and a wiring layer, and the wiring layer and the ground layer are electrically connected through via holes.
  • components such as the display 120, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery 140, charging circuitry, system on chip (SoC) structure, etc. may be mounted on a circuit board or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to trace and/or ground planes in the board.
  • the radio frequency source is set on the wiring layer.
  • the conductive material can be any one of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, Silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrate, copper-plated substrate, brass-plated substrate sheets and aluminum-coated substrates.
  • the ground layer/ground plate/ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobile communication system 100 may include at least one network device 101, at least one customer premise equipment (customer premise equipment, CPE) 102 and at least one user equipment (user equipment, UE) 103.
  • FIG. 1 is only a schematic diagram.
  • the communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number and specific types of network devices and UEs included in the mobile communication system.
  • the UE 103 in this embodiment of the present application may refer to a router, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, and the like.
  • the electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, electronic devices in the 5G network or electronic devices in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., this
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • Functional handheld devices computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, electronic devices in the 5G network or electronic devices in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN), etc.
  • Bluetooth blue tooth
  • BT global positioning system
  • GPS global positioning system
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the network device 101 in the embodiment of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, and the network device may be a network device (base transceiver station, BTS) in the GSM system or code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA) ), or a network device (nodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, or an evolved network device (evolutional nodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or the network device can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle Devices, wearable devices and network devices (new generation nodeB, gNB or gNodeB) in the future 5G network or network devices in the future evolved PLMN network, and subsequent support for the 3rd generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP) Protocol versions of network devices and the like are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • NB network device
  • the CPE 102 may enable the user equipment 103 to network by receiving the cellular network signal sent by the network device 101 and transmitting the cellular network signal to the user equipment 103 .
  • the CPE 102 can convert the 2G/3G/4G/5G signals transmitted by the network device 101 into WiFi signals, so as to enable the user equipment 103 to network.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna structure 200 may include a radiator 210 on which an annular slot 240 is disposed, and the radiator 210 is divided into a first part 211 and a second part 212 by the annular slot 240 .
  • the annular gap 240 includes a first location 241 where the inductor 220 and the switch 230 are disposed. Wherein, one end of the switch 230 is electrically connected to the first part 211 on one side of the first position 241, the other end of the switch 230 is electrically connected to one end of the inductance 220, and the other end of the inductance 220 is electrically connected to the second part on the other side of the first position 241. 212 electrical connections.
  • the radiator 210 can be divided into an inner radiator and an outer radiator by the annular gap 240, wherein the first part 211 can be an inner radiator, and the second part 212 can be an outer radiator; or, the first part 211 can be an outer radiator.
  • Radiator, the second part 212 may be an inner radiator, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first part 211 is an inner radiator and the second part 212 is an outer radiator as an example for illustration.
  • switch 230 has a first switch state and a second switch state.
  • the switch 230 is switchable between a first switch state and a second switch state.
  • the switch 230 is in the first switching state, at the first position 241 , the two ends of the inductor 220 are electrically connected to the first part 211 and the second part 212 respectively.
  • the switch 220 is in the second switching state, at the first position 241, one end of the inductor 220 is disconnected from the first part 211, no electrical connection is formed, and the electrical signal is not transmitted.
  • the first part 211 and the first part 211 The two parts 212 are not electrically connected through the inductor 220 at the first position 241 .
  • the switch 230 can be a single-pole single-throw switch, or other types of switches, for example, a single-pole double-throw switch, a single-pole four-throw switch or a four-pole single-throw switch, and the same technical effect can also be achieved, or It can be other devices that can realize the switching function.
  • the electrical connection state between one end of the inductor 220 and the first part 211 at the first position 241 is switched by the switch 230, so as to change the electric field distribution in the annular gap 240, so that the antenna
  • the structure 200 becomes a pattern reconfigurable antenna to increase antenna coverage (for example, achieve 360° omnidirectional coverage), realize stable connection, help meet communication requirements, and improve user experience.
  • the shapes of the radiator 210 and the annular slot 240 may be arbitrary.
  • the radiator 210 may be circular, square, etc.
  • the shape of the annular gap 240 may also be a circular ring, a square ring, etc., which is not limited in the present application.
  • the annular slot 240 can be arranged at any position of the radiator 210, for example, the annular slot 240 can be arranged at a center-symmetrical position of the radiator 210, or can be arranged at a non-centrosymmetric position of the radiator 210, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the widths of the annular slots 240 may be different, for example, the width of one side of the annular slots 240 may be greater than the width of the other side; or, the widths of the annular slots 240 may also be the same.
  • the width of the annular slits 240 may be between 1mm ⁇ 6mm, and the width of the annular slits 240 may be 2mm or 4mm. It should be understood that the specific value of the annular gap 240 can be adjusted according to actual production needs, and the present application does not limit this.
  • the inductance 220 may be a lumped inductance device, or may be an equivalent inductance of a distributed wiring, which is not limited in the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, for the sake of brevity, the inductor 220 is taken as an example for description.
  • the inductance value of the inductor 220 may be between 1nH and 18nH, for example, the inductance value may be 7nH or 10nH. It should be understood that the specific data of the inductance 220 can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, which is not limited in this application.
  • the antenna structure 200 may include a plurality of first positions 241 , a plurality of inductors 220 and a plurality of switches 230 , and in this case, the plurality of inductors 220 and the plurality of switches 230 may correspond one-to-one.
  • an inductor 220 and a switch 230 electrically connected to the first part 211 and the second part 212 are provided at each first position 241 .
  • the antenna structure 200 includes 8 inductors 220 and the corresponding 8 first positions 241 as an example for illustration.
  • an inductor 220 and a switch 230 electrically connected to the first part 211 and the second part 212 are provided.
  • the number of inductors 220 in the first position 241 is schematic and can be adjusted according to actual design requirements.
  • the number of the first position 241 and the corresponding inductors 220 can also be four, which is not the subject of this application. No limit.
  • the plurality of first positions 241 may be arranged at equal intervals on the annular gap 240 , or may be arranged at unequal intervals on the annular gap 240 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the equidistant distance can be understood as the same distance between every two adjacent first positions 241 among the plurality of first positions 241 .
  • the antenna structure 200 may further include a first feed unit 250, the annular slot 240 may be provided with a first feed point 242, and the first feed unit 250 may be the antenna structure 200 at the first feed point 242. feed.
  • both ends of the first feeding unit 250 may be electrically connected to the first part 211 and the second part 212 on both sides of the first feeding point 242 respectively.
  • a matching network can also be provided between the first feeding unit 250 and the first feeding point 242, which can be used to suppress the current of other frequency bands at the feeding point and increase the overall performance of the antenna; at the same time, The position of the resonance point can be adjusted.
  • the matching network may include a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second part 212 , and the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first feeding unit 250 .
  • the capacitance of the first capacitor may be 4.5pF. It should be understood that the form and specific data of the matching network can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, which is not limited in this application.
  • the antenna structure 200 may be grounded through the first part 211 or grounded through the second part 212 , which is not limited in the present application.
  • the circular slit 240 is circular
  • the radiator 210 is circular
  • the circular slit 240 is arranged at a central symmetrical position of the radiator 210 as an example for illustration.
  • the inner diameter of the annular slot 240 may be 23 mm
  • the outer diameter of the annular slot 240 may be 27 mm
  • the radius of the radiator 210 may be 60 mm.
  • the shapes, positions and specific data of the radiator 210 and the annular slot 240 are schematic and can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, and are not intended to limit the present application. The following description will be made by taking the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 in different working modes as an example.
  • the different working modes of the antenna structure 200 can be understood as that the plurality of switches 230 in the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 are in different states when the first feeding unit 250 feeds power.
  • the plurality of switches 230 may all be in the first switch state, which is marked as working mode 1 at this time.
  • a plurality of switches 230 may all be in the second switch state, which is marked as working mode 2 at this time.
  • one of the plurality of switches 230 may be in the second switch state, and the rest are in the first switch state.
  • the switch 230 In the second switch state, it can be the switch 230 at the second position 243, which is marked as working mode 3 at this time; it can also be the switch 230 at the third position 244, which is marked as working mode 4 at this time; it can also be at the second position.
  • the switch 230 with four positions 245 is recorded as working mode 5 at this time.
  • the second location 243 , the third location 244 and the fourth location 245 may be one of the plurality of first locations 241 respectively.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 1 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 200 is a circular magnetic current mode in the same direction.
  • the circular magnetic current mode in the same direction can be understood as the direction of the electric field generated in the annular slot 240 is the same when the antenna structure 200 is working.
  • the direction of the electric field in the annular gap 240 is directed from the first part 211 to the second part 212, or from the second part 212 to the first part 211.
  • the polarization of the antenna structure 200 is vertical polarization.
  • the antenna structure 200 in the working mode 1, the antenna structure 200 generates a first directional pattern.
  • the first direction pattern is a horizontal omnidirectional pattern.
  • a plane parallel to the annular gap 240 is understood as a horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 2 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 200 is in a mode of one wavelength.
  • the one-wavelength mode can be understood as that when the antenna structure 200 is working, two electric field zero points are generated in the annular slot 240, and the electrical length of the annular slot 240 between the two electric field zero points is the same as the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band.
  • the direction of the electric field on both sides of the zero point of the electric field is opposite.
  • the electric field direction in the annular gap 240 is directed from the first part 211 to the second part 212;
  • the polarization mode of the antenna structure 200 is horizontal polarization.
  • the electrical length may refer to the physical length (that is, mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the transmission time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium and the signal required to pass the same distance as the physical length of the medium in free space Expressed as a ratio of time, the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:
  • L is the physical length
  • a is the transmission time of the electric or electromagnetic signal in the medium
  • b is the transmission time in free space.
  • the electrical length can also refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the electrical length can satisfy the following formula:
  • L is the physical length
  • ⁇ is the working wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
  • the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band may be understood as the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band, or may also be regarded as the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point.
  • the antenna structure 200 in the working mode 2, the antenna structure 200 generates a second pattern.
  • the second directional pattern generated by the antenna structure 200 is complementary to the first directional pattern.
  • the direction pattern complementarity may be understood as that the maximum gain points of the two pattern patterns are not in the same direction.
  • the antenna structure 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application is omnidirectional, which is beneficial for the antenna structure 200 to receive electromagnetic waves in all directions, and also facilitates the antenna structure 200 to transmit electromagnetic waves in various directions, thereby improving user experience.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 3 .
  • FIG. 8 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 3 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 200 in the working mode 3 is similar to the electric field generated in the working mode 1 , and both are in the same direction circular magnetic current mode. But because the switch 220 of the second position 243 is in the second switching state, compared with the working mode 1, the electric field distribution in the annular gap 240 is uneven, and the electric field value near the first region of the second position 243 is greater than that far away from the second position 243 The electric field value of the second region of . As shown in (a) in FIG. 8 and (b) in FIG. 8 , compared with the first directional pattern generated in the working mode 1, in this case, the directional pattern generated by the antenna structure 200 is moving away from the first directional pattern. The second area of the second location 243 is deflected.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 4 .
  • FIG. 10 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 4 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 200 in working mode 4 is similar to the electric field generated in working mode 1 , and both are in the mode of co-directional circular magnetic current. But because the switch 220 of the third position 244 is in the second switching state, compared with the working mode 1, the electric field distribution in the annular gap 240 is uneven, and the electric field value of the third area near the third position 244 is greater than that far away from the second position 243 The electric field value of the fourth region of . As shown in (a) in FIG. 10 and (b) in FIG. 10 , compared to the first directional pattern generated in the working mode 1, in this case, the directional pattern generated by the antenna structure 200 moves away from the first directional pattern. The fourth zone of three positions 244 is deflected.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 5 .
  • FIG. 12 is a directional diagram when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 5 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 200 in the working mode 5 is also in the same direction as the circular magnetic current mode. But because the switch 220 of the fourth position 245 is in the second switching state, compared with the working mode 1, the electric field distribution in the annular gap 240 is uneven, and the electric field value near the fifth area of the fourth position 245 is greater than that far away from the fourth position 245.
  • the electric field value of the sixth region of As shown in (a) in FIG. 12 and (b) in FIG. 12 , compared with the first directional pattern generated during the working mode 1, in this case, the directional pattern generated by the antenna structure 200 moves away from the fourth directional pattern.
  • the sixth area at position 245 is deflected.
  • FIG. 13 , FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are simulation result diagrams of the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram of S-parameter simulation results when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in different working modes.
  • FIG. 14 is a simulation diagram of efficiency when the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 1 .
  • FIG. 15 is a simulation diagram of efficiency when the antenna structure 200 shown in FIG. 2 is in working mode 2 .
  • the resonant frequency bands of the antenna structures 200 in different working modes overlap, and the working frequency bands of the antenna structures 200 in different working modes include the first frequency band respectively, and the first frequency band may refer to any frequency band in the communication frequency band.
  • the simulation results include radiation efficiency and system efficiency.
  • the antenna structure 200 is in working mode 1 and working mode 2, in the corresponding working frequency band, its radiation efficiency and system efficiency can meet the communication requirements. need.
  • Table 1 below shows the gain values corresponding to different working modes when the resonance point of the antenna structure 200 is 2.45 GHz.
  • the antenna structure 200 has good radiation characteristics when it is in different working modes.
  • the electrical connection state between one end of the inductor 220 and the first part 211 at the first position 241 is switched by the switch 230, and the electric field distribution in the annular gap 240 is changed, so that the antenna structure
  • the antenna structure 200 is in different working modes, and different working modes of the antenna structure 200 may generate different radiation patterns. Therefore, different direction patterns can be obtained by controlling the state of the switch 230 .
  • the above-mentioned antenna structure 200 can be in five different working modes by switching the state of the switch 230 , so that the antenna structure 200 can generate five different radiation patterns. It should be understood that when the antenna structure 200 includes N inductors 220 (N ⁇ 1), by switching the state of the switch 230 electrically connected to each inductor 220, the antenna structure 200 can be in 2 N working modes, and the antenna structure 200 can be obtained 2 N kinds of direction diagrams. Therefore, the state of the switch 230 can be controlled according to actual work requirements to change the pattern of the antenna structure 200 to meet communication requirements.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 includes various structures of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the radiator 210 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a planar structure
  • the radiator 310 is a three-dimensional structure.
  • the radiator 310 can be It is a columnar structure.
  • the radiator 310 is divided into a first portion 311 and a second portion 312 by an annular gap 320 , and the annular gap 320 at the first end 313 of the radiator 310 is provided with a first position 321 .
  • the antenna structure 300 may further include a metal layer 330 disposed on the second end 314 of the radiator 310 .
  • the metal layer 330 is electrically connected to the radiator 310 .
  • the metal layer 330 may serve as a ground in the electronic device, or the metal layer 330 may be electrically connected to the ground in the electronic device, which is equivalent to a ground.
  • the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 can also switch the electrical connection state between one end of the inductor 350 and the first part 311 at the first position 341 through the switch 340, thereby changing the annular gap 320
  • the electric field distribution inside makes the antenna structure 300 a pattern-reconfigurable antenna to increase antenna coverage (for example, achieve 360° omnidirectional coverage), realize stable connection, help meet communication requirements, and improve user experience.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 is in the first switching state.
  • FIG. 18 is a directional diagram when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 is in the first switch state.
  • the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 is in the first switch state, it is recorded as working mode 6 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 300 is a circular magnetic current mode in the same direction, and the polarization mode of the antenna structure 300 is vertical polarization.
  • the antenna structure 300 when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 is in the first switch state, the antenna structure 300 generates a first pattern.
  • the first direction pattern is a horizontal omnidirectional pattern.
  • the metal layer 330 is used as a floor or equivalently as a floor, the first pattern is evenly distributed in the x-axis direction, and a complete first pattern is obtained.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 is in the second switch state.
  • FIG. 20 is a directional diagram when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 is in the second switch state.
  • the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 is in the second switch state, it is denoted as working mode 7, and the electric field generated by the antenna structure 300 is one times the wavelength mode, the polarization mode of the antenna structure 300 is horizontal polarization.
  • the antenna structure 300 when the switch 340 in the antenna structure 300 is in the second switch state, the antenna structure 300 generates a second pattern. Wherein, the second directional pattern generated by the antenna structure 300 is complementary to the first directional pattern.
  • the antenna structure 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application is omnidirectional, which is beneficial for the antenna structure 300 to receive electromagnetic waves in all directions, and also facilitates the antenna structure 300 to transmit electromagnetic waves in various directions, thereby improving user experience.
  • FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 are diagrams of simulation results of the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 .
  • FIG. 21 is a graph of S-parameter simulation results when the switches in the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 are respectively in the first switch state and the second switch state.
  • FIG. 22 is a simulation diagram of efficiency when the switches in the antenna structure 300 shown in FIG. 16 are respectively in the first switching state and the second switching state.
  • the resonant frequency bands of the antenna structure 300 in working mode 6 and working mode 7 overlap, and the working frequency bands of the antenna structure 300 in working mode 6 and working mode 7 include the first frequency band respectively, and the first frequency band can be Refers to any frequency band in the communication frequency band.
  • the antenna structure 300 when the antenna structure 300 is in working mode 6 and working mode 7 , its system efficiency can meet communication requirements in the corresponding working frequency band.
  • the above two working modes of the antenna structure 300 and the corresponding two patterns are just examples. Similar to the antenna structure 200, when the antenna structure 300 includes N inductors 320 (N ⁇ 1), by switching the state of the switch 340 electrically connected to each inductor 320, the antenna structure 300 can include 2 N kinds of operating modes, so that the antenna The structure 300 can obtain 2 N kinds of patterns. Therefore, the state of the switch 340 can be controlled according to actual work requirements, so as to change the pattern of the antenna structure 300 to meet communication requirements.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna structure 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a partially enlarged view of the antenna structure 400 shown in FIG. 23 .
  • the antenna structure 400 may include a radiator 410 and a feeding network 440 .
  • the radiator 410 is provided with an annular gap 430 , and the radiator 410 is divided into a first part 411 and a second part 412 by the circular gap 430 , and the second part 412 is located outside the first part 411 .
  • the annular gap 430 includes a first position 431 , the first position 431 is provided with an inductor 420 , and the two ends of the inductor 420 are respectively electrically connected to the first part 411 and the second part 412 on both sides of the first position 431 .
  • the first end of the feed network 440 is electrically connected to the second position 4121 of the second part 412 , and the second end of the feed network 440 is electrically connected to the third position 4122 of the second part 412 .
  • the feeding network 440 includes a first feeding point 4411 and a second feeding point 4412 , both of which are used to feed the antenna structure 400 .
  • the electrical signal at the second position 4121 and the electrical signal at the third position 4122 have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 0°, wherein the difference in phase difference can allow a deviation of ⁇ 45° Any value within, which is not limited in this application. That is to say, when the first feeding point 4411 feeds power, the electrical signal at the second position 4121 and the electrical signal at the third position 4122 have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 0° ⁇ 45°.
  • the antenna structure The feeding mode of 400 at the first feeding point 4411 can be regarded as the same direction feeding.
  • the electric signal amplitudes of the second position 4121 and the third position 4122 are the same, and the phase difference is 180°, wherein, the difference of the phase difference can allow any deviation within ⁇ 45° Numerical value, this application does not make a limit to it. That is to say, when the second feeding point 4412 feeds power, the amplitude of the electric signal at the second position 4121 and the third position 4122 are the same, and the phase difference is 180° ⁇ 45°.
  • the antenna structure 400 Both feeding modes of the two feeding points 4412 can be regarded as differential feeding.
  • the electric field distribution in the annular slot 430 is changed by feeding with different feeding methods (co-directional feeding or differential feeding), so that The antenna structure 400 becomes a pattern-reconfigurable antenna to increase antenna coverage (for example, achieve 360° omnidirectional coverage), realize stable connection, help meet communication requirements, and improve user experience.
  • the feeding network 440 may include a ring stub 441 , a first feeding stub 442 and a second feeding stub 443 .
  • the ring stub 441 may include a first feeding point 4411 and a second feeding point 4412 .
  • the ring branch 441 may also include a first connection point 4413 and a second connection point 4414, one end of the first feed branch 442 is electrically connected to the first connection point 4413, and the other end of the first feed branch 442 is connected to the second part 412.
  • the second position 4121 is electrically connected, one end of the second feeding branch 443 is electrically connected to the second connection point 4414 , and the other end of the second feeding branch 443 is electrically connected to the third position 4122 of the second part 412 .
  • first feeding branch 442 may be regarded as the first end of the feeding network 440
  • second feeding branch 443 may be regarded as the second end of the feeding network 440 .
  • the annular stub 441 may be a microstrip line.
  • the ring stub 441 may be a microstrip line with an impedance of 70.7 ⁇ . It should be understood that the form and specific data of the ring stub 441 may be adjusted according to actual design requirements, which is not limited in this application.
  • the distance between the first feed point 4411 and the first connection point 4413 along the ring-shaped branch 441 may be equal to the distance between the first feed point 4411 and the second connection point 4414 along the ring-shaped branch 441, So that when the antenna structure 400 feeds power at the first feeding point 4411, the amplitude of the electric signal at the second position 4121 and the third position 4122 are the same, and the phase difference is 0° ⁇ 45°, so that the same electric signal at the first feeding point 4411 is realized. to feed.
  • the distance between the first feed point 4411 and the first connection point 4413 along the annular stub 441 may be equal to a quarter of the first wavelength.
  • the distance between the second feed point 4412 and the first connection point 4413 along the ring-shaped branch 441 is different from the distance between the second feed point 4412 and the second connection point 4414 along the ring-shaped branch 441.
  • One-half of a wavelength so that when the antenna structure 400 feeds power at the second feeding point 4412, the amplitude of the electrical signal at the second position 4121 and the third position 4122 are the same, and the phase difference is 180° ⁇ 45°. Differential feed of the second feed point 4412.
  • the distance along the ring branch 441 between the second feeding point 4412 and the first connection point 4413 can be equal to a quarter of the first wavelength, and the distance between the second feeding point 4412 and the second connection point 4414 along the ring branch 441 The distance may be equal to three quarters of the first wavelength. It should be understood that the specific numerical values of the above distances are only examples, rather than limitations to the present application.
  • the first wavelength can be regarded as the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band of the antenna structure 400 .
  • the other end of the first feed stub 442 can be electrically connected to the second position 4121 of the second part 412 through the through hole structure 450 .
  • the other end of the first feed branch 442 is electrically connected to one end of the via structure 450
  • the other end of the via structure 450 is electrically connected to the second position 4121 of the second part 412 .
  • the other end of the second feed stub 443 may also be electrically connected to the third position 4122 of the second part 412 through the through hole structure 450 .
  • the antenna structure 400 may further include a second feeding unit and a third feeding unit. Wherein, the second feeding unit feeds the antenna structure 400 in the same direction at the first feeding point 4411 .
  • the third feeding unit differentially feeds the antenna structure 400 at the second feeding point 4412 .
  • the antenna structure 400 may further include a dielectric plate, wherein the dielectric plate may be disposed between the radiator 410 and the feeding network 440 to support the feeding network 440 .
  • the radiator 410 may be disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric board, and the feed network 440 may be disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric board.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution when the antenna structure 400 shown in FIG. 23 feeds power at the first feeding point 4411 .
  • FIG. 26 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure 400 shown in FIG. 23 when feeding power at the first feeding point 4411 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 400 is a circular magnetic current mode in the same direction, and the polarization mode of the antenna structure 400 is vertical polarization.
  • the antenna structure 400 when feeding in the same direction at the first feeding point 4411 , the antenna structure 400 produces a third pattern.
  • the third directional pattern is a horizontal omnidirectional pattern.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution when the antenna structure 400 shown in FIG. 23 is feeding power at the second feeding point 4412 .
  • FIG. 28 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure 400 shown in FIG. 23 when feeding power at the second feeding point 4412 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 400 is a mode of one wavelength, and the polarization mode of the antenna structure 400 is horizontal polarization.
  • the antenna structure 400 when differentially fed at the second feeding point 4412, the antenna structure 400 produces a fourth pattern.
  • the fourth directional pattern generated by the antenna structure 400 is complementary to the third directional pattern.
  • the antenna structure 400 provided in the embodiment of the present application is omnidirectional, which is beneficial for the antenna structure 400 to receive electromagnetic waves in all directions, and also facilitates the antenna structure 400 to transmit electromagnetic waves in various directions, thereby improving user experience.
  • the feeding mode of the antenna structure 400 can be changed according to actual work requirements, so as to obtain a third or fourth directional pattern to meet communication needs.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the embodiment shown in FIG. 29 includes various structures of the embodiment shown in FIG. 23 .
  • the radiator 410 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 23 is a planar structure
  • the radiator 510 is a three-dimensional structure.
  • the radiator 510 can be It is a columnar structure.
  • the radiator 510 is divided into a first portion 511 and a second portion 512 by an annular gap 520 , and the annular gap 520 at the first end 513 of the radiator 510 is provided with a first position 521 .
  • the antenna structure 500 further includes a metal layer 530 disposed on the second end 514 of the radiator 510 .
  • the metal layer 530 is electrically connected to the radiator 510 .
  • the metal layer 530 may serve as a ground in the electronic device, or the metal layer 530 may be electrically connected to the ground in the electronic device, which is equivalent to a ground.
  • the antenna structure 500 shown in FIG. 29 can also adopt co-directional feeding at the first feeding point 541 in the feeding network 540, and adopt differential feeding at the second feeding point 542. electricity.
  • co-directional feeding or differential feeding the electric field distribution in the annular gap is changed, so that the antenna structure 500 becomes a pattern reconfigurable antenna to increase the antenna coverage (for example, realize 360 ° omni-directional coverage) to achieve stable connection, which helps to meet communication needs and improve user experience.
  • the first part 511 may be provided with a through hole 5111 , and the first end and the second end of the feed network 540 may be respectively electrically connected to the second part 512 through the through hole 5111 .
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution when the antenna structure 500 shown in FIG. 29 feeds power at the first feeding point 541 .
  • FIG. 31 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure 500 shown in FIG. 29 when feeding power at the first feeding point 541 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 500 is a circular magnetic current mode in the same direction, and the polarization mode of the antenna structure 500 is vertical polarization.
  • the antenna structure 500 when feeding in the same direction at the first feeding point 541 , the antenna structure 500 generates a third pattern.
  • the third directional pattern is a horizontal omnidirectional pattern.
  • the metal layer 530 is used as a floor or equivalently as a floor, the third directional pattern is evenly distributed in the x-axis direction, and a complete third directional pattern is obtained.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution when the antenna structure 500 shown in FIG. 29 feeds power at the second feeding point 542 .
  • FIG. 33 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure 500 shown in FIG. 29 when feeding power at the second feeding point 542 .
  • the electric field generated by the antenna structure 500 is a mode of one wavelength, and the polarization mode of the antenna structure 500 is horizontal polarization.
  • the antenna structure 500 when differentially fed at the second feeding point 542, the antenna structure 500 generates a fourth pattern.
  • the fourth directional pattern generated by the antenna structure 500 is complementary to the third directional pattern.
  • the antenna structure 500 provided in the embodiment of the present application is omnidirectional, which is beneficial for the antenna structure 500 to receive electromagnetic waves in all directions, and also facilitates the antenna structure 500 to transmit electromagnetic waves in various directions, thereby improving user experience.
  • the feeding mode of the antenna structure 500 during operation can be switched according to actual work requirements, so as to obtain the third directional diagram or the fourth directional diagram to meet communication needs.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be in electrical or other forms.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne, selon certains modes de réalisation, une structure d'antenne et un dispositif électronique. La structure d'antenne comprend un élément rayonnant, l'élément rayonnant est pourvu d'une fente annulaire, et l'élément rayonnant est divisé en une première partie et une deuxième partie par la fente annulaire. La fente annulaire comprend une première position, et la première position est pourvue d'un inducteur et d'un commutateur, une extrémité du commutateur étant électriquement connectée à la première partie sur un côté de la première position, l'autre extrémité du commutateur étant électriquement connectée à une extrémité de l'inducteur, et l'autre extrémité de l'inducteur étant électriquement connectée à la deuxième partie sur l'autre côté de la première position. Selon la structure d'antenne fournie par la présente demande, la modification de la distribution du champ électrique dans la fente annulaire permet à ladite structure d'antenne de prendre la forme d'une antenne reconfigurable en diagramme, de façon à augmenter la zone de couverture d'une antenne et de satisfaire ainsi aux exigences de communication.
PCT/CN2022/137913 2021-12-17 2022-12-09 Structure d'antenne et dispositif électronique WO2023109673A1 (fr)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007068292A1 (fr) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Appareil d'antenne planaire commutable pour des applications gsm quadribandes
US20100097275A1 (en) * 2008-10-20 2010-04-22 Harris Corporation, Corporation Of The State Of Delaware Loop antenna including impedance tuning gap and associated methods
EP2477275A1 (fr) * 2011-01-12 2012-07-18 Alcatel Lucent Antenne Patch
CN103367890A (zh) * 2013-05-08 2013-10-23 西安电子科技大学 双频微带方向图可重构天线
CN112219313A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2021-01-12 华为技术有限公司 天线装置和终端
CN113517546A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2021-10-19 华为技术有限公司 一种电子设备

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007068292A1 (fr) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Appareil d'antenne planaire commutable pour des applications gsm quadribandes
US20100097275A1 (en) * 2008-10-20 2010-04-22 Harris Corporation, Corporation Of The State Of Delaware Loop antenna including impedance tuning gap and associated methods
EP2477275A1 (fr) * 2011-01-12 2012-07-18 Alcatel Lucent Antenne Patch
CN103367890A (zh) * 2013-05-08 2013-10-23 西安电子科技大学 双频微带方向图可重构天线
CN112219313A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2021-01-12 华为技术有限公司 天线装置和终端
CN113517546A (zh) * 2020-04-10 2021-10-19 华为技术有限公司 一种电子设备

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