WO2023109225A1 - 基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统及方法 - Google Patents

基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023109225A1
WO2023109225A1 PCT/CN2022/119349 CN2022119349W WO2023109225A1 WO 2023109225 A1 WO2023109225 A1 WO 2023109225A1 CN 2022119349 W CN2022119349 W CN 2022119349W WO 2023109225 A1 WO2023109225 A1 WO 2023109225A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
automatic
fire extinguisher
fire
valve
dry powder
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PCT/CN2022/119349
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄辉
乔书光
张剑
谭博
梁西军
李成云
武金城
刘永强
黄钰峰
汪学根
郑新平
Original Assignee
中铁一局集团有限公司
中铁一局集团城市轨道交通工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2023109225A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023109225A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/42—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with mechanical connection between sensor and actuator, e.g. rods, levers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/46—Construction of the actuator
    • A62C37/48—Thermally sensitive initiators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/047—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a temperature responsive switch

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale equipment fire protection, and in particular relates to an automatic fire-extinguishing shutdown system and method for large-scale equipment used in basic engineering.
  • double-wheel milling machines, crawler cranes, large cranes and other large-scale equipment mainly used for basic engineering construction in normal construction, the environment is often very harsh, and some construction sites are relatively remote from fire brigades or fire-fighting facilities.
  • fire prevention due to the relatively large power of this type of large-scale equipment, it needs to run for a long time once it works. Due to the high working temperature for a long time, fire prevention has also become a crucial issue in the construction process. Once large-scale equipment spontaneously ignites, it will cause great losses.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic fire extinguishing shutdown system for large-scale equipment for basic engineering, which is novel and reasonable in design. Detect the ambient temperature and automatically extinguish the fire, and cut off the power supply of large equipment when a fire occurs through the large equipment power supply control module, completely prevent the spread or occurrence of fire, protect equipment and site safety, and facilitate popularization and use.
  • an automatic fire extinguishing shutdown system for large-scale equipment for basic engineering which is characterized in that it includes a plurality of automatic dry powder fire extinguishers arranged on large-scale equipment and a large-scale fire extinguisher connected with the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher Equipment power supply control module;
  • the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher includes a fire extinguisher shell pressurized and filled with fire extinguishing dry powder and two fire extinguisher automatic control valves arranged at both ends of the fire extinguisher shell, and the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher is connected to the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher.
  • the contact switch of the working state of the fire extinguisher is characterized in that it includes a plurality of automatic dry powder fire extinguishers arranged on large-scale equipment and a large-scale fire extinguisher connected with the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher Equipment power supply control module;
  • the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher includes
  • the large-scale equipment power supply control module includes a relay K6 and a relay K7.
  • One end of the coil of the relay K6 is grounded through a plurality of parallel contact switches of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher, and the other end of the coil of the relay K6 is divided into two circuits, one of which is powered by +24V Power connection, the other is connected to one end of the coil of relay K7 through the normally closed contact of relay K6, the other end of the coil of relay K7 is grounded, one end of the normally open contact of relay K7 is connected to the +24V power supply, and the other end is connected to the large equipment Positive power supply terminal connection;
  • the fire extinguisher automatic control valve includes a powder injection pipe threadedly connected with the fire extinguisher housing, a movable valve body assembly arranged in the powder injection pipe, and a temperature-sensitive valve body control mechanism arranged on the outer wall of the powder injection pipe.
  • the sensing valve body control mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the movable valve body assembly and the opening and closing of the contact switch;
  • the number of the automatic dry powder fire extinguishers is at least five, at least one of the automatic dry powder fire extinguishers is arranged beside the oil tank of the large equipment, and at least four of the automatic dry powder fire extinguishers are arranged around the engine of the large equipment.
  • the invention also discloses a method with simple steps, reasonable design, and automatic fire extinguishing and shutdown of large equipment, which is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Debugging and assembly of automatic dry powder fire extinguisher:
  • Step 101 Determine the ignition temperature threshold of the equipment environment.
  • the ignition temperature threshold of the equipment environment is greater than the normal operating temperature of the large-scale equipment at the installation point of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher, and the boiling point of the temperature-sensitive liquid is equal to the ignition temperature of the material used to install the equipment;
  • Step 102 adjusting the temperature threshold adjustment knob in the fire extinguisher automatic control valve not installed on the fire extinguisher housing, so that the expansion bag moves away from the valve plate limit rod until the distance between the mounting plate and the valve plate limit rod is the farthest;
  • Step 103 place the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher after adjusting the position of the expansion bag in a test environment where the ambient temperature is at the threshold of the equipment ambient fire temperature, wait for the expansion bag to expand to the limit, and then rotate the temperature threshold adjustment knob to drive the expansion bag Move towards the direction close to the limit rod of the valve slice until the top of the valve stem pushes the limit rod of the valve slice to tilt up, so that the valve slice is free from the restriction of the hook and opens, and at the same time the pressure rod on the valve stem presses the contact switch to close;
  • the position of the temperature threshold adjustment knob and the expansion bag is the target installation position under the fire temperature threshold of the current equipment environment;
  • Step 104 place the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher in a normal temperature environment, wait for the expansion bag to return to its original state; then connect the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher to the fire extinguisher shell filled with fire extinguishing dry powder, and then inflate and pressurize the fire extinguisher shell, Complete the assembly of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher;
  • Step 2 Installation of automatic dry powder fire extinguisher and large equipment power supply control module:
  • Step 3 Automatic fire extinguishing and shutdown of large equipment:
  • the capsule-shaped temperature probe monitors the ambient temperature of its installation point in real time.
  • the temperature-sensitive liquid in the capsule-shaped temperature probe evaporates, and the expanded steam enters the expansion capsule through the capillary Inside, the expansion bag is inflated by the steam pressure, and the top of the valve stem pushes the limit rod of the valve plate to tilt up, so that the valve plate is released from the restriction of the hook and opens, and the pressurized fire extinguishing dry powder is sprayed through the powder spraying pipe to realize automatic fire extinguishing;
  • Step 4 Recycling of automatic dry powder fire extinguishers:
  • the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher After using the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher, select the fire extinguisher shell that is not corroded and damaged, disassemble and check the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher at both ends, and judge whether the structure of the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher is damaged. If it is damaged, replace the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher. If it is not damaged, Then push the valve plate in the powder spraying pipe to move towards the hook, the valve plate squeezes the hook, and the push reset spring retracts to give way. After the valve plate is stuck on the hook, the push reset spring immediately resets to realize powder spray Secondary sealing of cavity;
  • the ignition temperature threshold of the equipment environment is 65°C to 85°C.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention installs automatic dry powder fire extinguishers at each easy-to-ignite point of large-scale equipment to automatically detect the ambient temperature and automatically extinguish the fire, and through the large-scale equipment power supply control module to cut off the power supply of large-scale equipment when a fire occurs, completely preventing the fire from spreading or occurring.
  • Protect equipment and site safety are necessary to protect equipment and site safety.
  • Fig. 1 is the system schematic diagram of the automatic fire extinguishing shutdown system for large-scale equipment used in basic engineering in the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the large-scale equipment power supply control module adopted in the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher adopted in the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher in Fig. 3 .
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
  • a large-scale equipment automatic fire extinguishing shutdown system for basic engineering includes a plurality of automatic dry powder fire extinguishers 31 arranged on large-scale equipment 1 and large-scale equipment connected with the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 Power supply control module 2;
  • the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 includes a fire extinguisher housing 3 that is pressurized and filled with fire extinguishing dry powder and two automatic control valves for the fire extinguisher that are arranged at both ends of the fire extinguisher housing 3, and the automatic control valve for the fire extinguisher is connected to Display the contact switch 4 of the working state of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31;
  • the large-scale equipment power supply control module 2 includes a relay K6 and a relay K7, one end of the coil of the relay K6 is grounded through a plurality of contact switches 4 of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 connected in parallel, and the other end of the coil of the relay K6 is divided into two circuits. +24V power supply connection, the other is connected to one end of relay K7 coil through the normally closed contact of relay K6, the other end of relay K7 coil is grounded, one end of relay K7 normally open contact is connected to +24V power supply, and the other end is connected to The positive power supply terminal of the large equipment 1 is connected;
  • the fire extinguisher automatic control valve includes a powder spraying pipe 5 threadedly connected with the fire extinguisher housing 3, a movable valve body assembly arranged in the powder spraying pipe 5, and a temperature-sensitive valve body control set on the outer wall of the powder spraying pipe 5.
  • the temperature-sensitive valve body control mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the movable valve body assembly and the opening and closing of the contact switch 4;
  • the quantity of described automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 is at least five, and at least one described automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 is arranged on the fuel tank side of large equipment 1, and at least four described automatic dry powder fire extinguishers 31 are arranged on the engine peripheral side of large equipment 1.
  • the fire extinguisher housing 3 is provided with a gas injection pressurization check valve 33 , and the gas injection device injects gas into the fire extinguisher housing 3 through the gas injection pressurization check valve 33 .
  • the number of the automatic dry powder fire extinguishers 31 is five, and one automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 has two contact switches 4, and the number of contact switches 4 is ten in total, and the ten contact switches 4 are contact switches 4 respectively.
  • the +24V power supply is the storage battery 30 .
  • the dry fire extinguishing powder is inflated and pressurized after filling, so that the dry fire extinguishing powder can be sprayed out automatically when the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher is opened to realize fire extinguishing.
  • the structure of parts in the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 needs regular maintenance and replacement to ensure an ideal fire extinguishing effect; in addition, the coordination relationship between the contact switch 4 and the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher also needs to be checked regularly to ensure that the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 After the fire extinguishing starts, the contact switch 4 can be normally closed, so that the large-scale equipment power supply control module can control the power-off of the large-scale equipment 1 to ensure on-site safety.
  • the environment temperature can be automatically detected and the fire can be automatically extinguished, and the large-scale equipment power supply control module 2 can be used to cut off the power supply of the large-scale equipment 1 when a fire occurs. Thoroughly prevent the spread or occurrence of fire, protect equipment and site safety.
  • the movable valve body assembly includes a partition 8 that is arranged on the inner wall of the powder spraying pipe 5 and divides the inside of the powder spraying pipe 5 into a powder spraying chamber 6 and a control chamber 7 for closing the powder spraying chamber 6
  • the temperature sensing valve body control mechanism includes a temperature sensing housing 12 arranged on the outer wall of the powder spraying pipe 5, a transition housing 13 arranged between the temperature sensing housing 12 and the powder spraying pipe 5, and a temperature sensing assembly and Valve body control components;
  • the valve body control assembly includes a valve rod 14 abutted on the end of the valve plate limit rod 10 away from the valve plate 9 and a push return spring 15 abutted on the end of the valve plate limit rod 10 close to the valve plate 9; the valve rod 14 Arranged vertically with the valve limit rod 10, the end of the valve rod 14 away from the valve limit rod 10 extends into the temperature sensing housing 12; the contact switch 4 is set in the transition housing 13, and the valve rod 14 is fixed A pressure rod 16 for controlling the opening and closing of the contact switch 4 is provided;
  • the temperature sensing assembly includes an expansion bag disposed in the temperature sensing housing 12 and used to push the valve stem 14 toward the valve plate limit rod 10, a capsule-shaped temperature probe 17 disposed outside the temperature sensing housing 12, and Capillary 18 for connecting the capsule temperature probe 17 and the expansion capsule, the capsule temperature probe 17, expansion capsule and capillary 18 are all filled with temperature-sensitive liquid;
  • the temperature sensing housing 12 is also provided with a mounting plate 19 for mounting the expansion bag and a temperature threshold adjusting knob 20 for driving the expansion bag to move toward or away from the valve stem 14.
  • the mounting plate 19 and the The inner wall of the temperature sensing housing 12 is slidably fitted, one end of the temperature threshold adjusting knob 20 is rotationally connected with the mounting plate 19 , and the other end of the temperature threshold adjusting knob 20 passes through the temperature sensing housing 12 and is threadedly connected thereto.
  • the powder spraying pipe 5 is divided into a powder spraying chamber 6 and a control chamber 7 by setting a partition 8, so that the relevant control structures in the control chamber 7 are not affected by the fire extinguishing dry powder, which can ensure that the powder spraying tube 5 is not affected by the fire extinguishing dry powder and can be used for secondary use. It can also operate smoothly, which is conducive to saving costs;
  • valve plate 9 By pushing the return spring 15, the hingedly installed valve plate limit rod 10 and the hook 11 to cooperate with each other, the valve plate 9 can be opened and closed repeatedly, thereby realizing the repeated use of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31, saving costs and resources;
  • the expansion bag By setting the capsule-shaped temperature probe 17, the expansion bag and the capillary tube 18, the expansion bag expands when the environment is abnormally high temperature, pushes the valve stem 14, and drives the valve plate limit rod 10 to tilt up, so that the valve plate 9 is released from the card.
  • the restriction of the hook 11 When the restriction of the hook 11 is opened, the pressurized fire extinguishing dry powder is automatically sprayed out, realizing automatic powder spraying fire extinguishing, which greatly improves the fire extinguishing efficiency, reduces economic losses, protects the personal safety of the staff, and has a good use effect;
  • the fine-tuning of the temperature threshold when the valve plate 9 is opened can be realized by setting the temperature threshold value adjustment knob 20.
  • the specific principle is that when the temperature threshold value needs to be increased, the temperature threshold value adjustment knob 20 is rotated so that the expansion bag drives the valve stem 14 away from the valve plate limit.
  • the temperature sensing component is more operable, and can be adaptively adjusted according to different conditions on site or the actual size of the temperature sensing component, so that the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 as a whole can be applied to different environments and requirements.
  • valve rod 14 presses the valve plate limit rod 10 to open the valve plate 9
  • the pressure rod 16 presses the contact switch 4 to close it.
  • the temperature-sensitive valve body control mechanism and the movable valve body assembly are both made of metal refractory materials.
  • the powder outlet of the powder injection pipe 5 can be provided with a nozzle 21 to facilitate the dispersal of the fire extinguishing dry powder to the surroundings, thereby expanding the fire extinguishing range.
  • the partition 8 is arranged along the length direction of the powder spraying pipe 5, and the two ends in the width direction of the partition 8 are closely attached to and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the powder spraying pipe 5, and the powder spraying chamber 6 is connected to the fire extinguisher housing 3 connected, the end of the partition 8 close to the fire extinguisher housing 3 is provided with a baffle 22 for preventing the valve plate limit rod 10 from contacting the fire extinguishing dry powder, and the baffle 22 is arranged between the partition 8 and the inner wall of the powder spray pipe 5;
  • the capsule-shaped temperature probe 17 and the expansion bladder are both made of copper, which has good heat conduction effect and fast temperature sensing speed.
  • the capsule is also retracted to a flat state due to factors such as negative pressure and back cooling, which is convenient for the next use.
  • the capsule-shaped temperature probe 17 is made of the same material as the expansion bag, due to its special capsule shape, the capsule-shaped temperature probe 17 will not expand when the temperature-sensitive liquid is heated and evaporated, and the evaporated gas can be made as fast as possible. More may enter the expansion bag through the capillary 18 to expand the expansion bag, thereby driving the valve rod 14 to press the valve plate limit rod 10 , thereby opening the valve plate 9 .
  • the powder outlet of the powder spray tube 5 can be connected to the powder spray extension tube.
  • the probe 17 is installed close to the easy-to-ignite detection point, so that the fire extinguisher housing 3 can be installed away from the easy-to-ignite detection point to avoid damage to the fire extinguisher housing 3 when it is on fire, so that it can be reused.
  • the temperature-sensing liquid is a temperature-sensing liquid whose boiling point is the ignition temperature of the material used for installation equipment, for example, a temperature-sensing liquid between 65°C and 85°C.
  • the temperature of large-scale equipment during normal operation is about 50°C.
  • the temperature at the installation place of the capsule temperature probe 17 reaches 65°C-85°C, it indicates that the large-scale equipment is operating abnormally, and a fire may or has already occurred.
  • the temperature-sensitive liquid evaporates in large quantities, and the volume expands, causing the expansion bag to expand, driving the valve stem 14 to press the valve plate limit rod 10 to tilt up, the valve plate 9 breaks away from the limit position and opens, and the fire extinguishing dry powder in the pressurized fire extinguisher shell 3 is released by the sprayer.
  • the powder pipe 5 sprays out to realize fire extinguishing and cooling.
  • the temperature-sensitive liquid is ethanol.
  • the push back spring 15 is arranged in the transition housing 13, and one end of the push back spring 15 passes through the transition housing 13 and abuts against the valve plate limit rod 10, and the transition housing 13 is set There is a limit guide pipe 23 sheathed on the pushing back spring 15 , and a buffer spring 24 is sheathed on the stem section of the valve stem 14 extending into the temperature sensing housing 12 .
  • the push return spring 15 has two functions. The first is that when the valve plate 9 is in the closed state, the push return spring 15 Tighten the valve plate limit rod 10, so that the hook 11 limits the opening of the valve plate 9, which can offset the shaking generated by the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 during the transportation and installation process, and ensure the closed state of the valve plate 9 when the ambient temperature is normal. The second is that when the valve plate 9 is opened and needs to be used again, the valve plate 9 is pushed toward the hook 11, and the push return spring 15 retracts to give way, and then immediately resets, so that the valve plate 9 can smoothly move forward. Move along the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle hook and be stuck on the hook 11 to realize the secondary sealing of the fire extinguisher housing 3 .
  • the expansion bag includes two layers of disc-shaped hollow capsules 25 that are stacked and communicated with each other.
  • the diameter of the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 is smaller than the diameter of the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 arranged away from the valve stem 14 , and the valve stem 14 is arranged at the center of the plane of the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 .
  • valve stem 14 is connected to the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 through an enlarged plate 32 .
  • the inside of the expansion bag is subjected to uniform pressure, and the pressure will only push the unsmooth part of the disc-shaped hollow capsule body 25, That is, the plane portion of the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 expands into an arc surface; the purpose of the annular sidewall of the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 protruding outwards is to make the side of the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 not expand, Reduce pressure consumption; the principle is similar to the principle of blowing a balloon.
  • the purpose of arranging two layers of disc-shaped hollow capsules 25 with different diameters is that when the steam pressure arrives, the disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 with a larger diameter first expands once, and the other disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 with a smaller diameter expands first.
  • a disc-shaped hollow capsule 25 is expanded again, and the expansion effect is better, so that the valve stem 14 can accurately push up the valve plate stop rod 10, so that the valve plate can be opened from the restriction of the grab hook 11, thereby Realize automatic fire extinguishing.
  • valve plate 9 is hingedly connected to the inner wall of the powder spraying pipe 5 through the first hinged seat 26, and the first hinged seat 26 is arranged on the inner wall of the powder spraying pipe 5 away from the hook 11; the powder spraying chamber 6
  • the inner wall of the corresponding powder spraying pipe 5 is provided with a sealing strip 27 for closing the gap between it and the valve plate 9, and the sealing strip 27 is arranged on the inner side of the valve plate 9; It is hingedly connected with the inner wall of the powder spraying pipe 5 .
  • sealing strip 27 does not move with the opening and closing of the valve plate 9.
  • the inner side of the valve plate 9 abuts against the sealing strip 27 to realize sealing and avoid powder leakage.
  • the hook 11 is a right-angled triangle hook.
  • valve plate 9 when the valve plate 9 needs to be reused after opening, it is only necessary to push the valve plate 9 toward the hook 11, and the valve plate 9 will move along the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle hook and be stuck on the One right-angle side of the hook 11 to realize the secondary sealing of the fire extinguisher housing 3 .
  • a fire alarm module 29 is also connected to the large equipment power supply control module 2, and the fire alarm module 29 includes a microcontroller, an acousto-optic alarm module connected to the microcontroller, and an alarm module connected to the microcontroller. And a communication module for communicating with the central control machine; the connection end of the normally closed contact of the relay K6 and the coil of the relay K7 is the output end of the fire alarm signal, and is connected with the input end of the microcontroller.
  • the power supply control module 2 of the large-scale equipment is powered on, the coil of the relay K7 is connected to the +24V power supply, and the normally open contact of the relay K7 is closed.
  • the storage battery supplies power to the large equipment 1 through the +24V power supply; when the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher of any automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 detects that the ambient temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, it will be opened immediately to start the automatic fire extinguishing operation.
  • the point switch 4 is closed, the coil of the relay K6 is energized, the normally closed contact of the relay K6 is disconnected, the coil of the relay K7 is de-energized, and the normally open contact of the relay K7 returns to the disconnected state, thereby cutting off the power supply of the large equipment 1, Stop the large equipment 1 to ensure the safety of the site and equipment;
  • the coil of relay K6 is energized, and after the normally closed contact of relay K6 is disconnected, the output terminal of the fire alarm signal changes from high level to low level.
  • the alarm signal is transmitted to the central control computer through the communication module, and the management personnel are promptly reminded to go to the scene for disposal.
  • Step 1 Debugging and assembly of automatic dry powder fire extinguisher:
  • Step 101 determine the ignition temperature threshold of the equipment environment, the equipment environment ignition temperature threshold is greater than the normal operating temperature of the large-scale equipment 1 at the installation point of the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31, and the boiling point of the temperature-sensing liquid is equal to the ignition temperature of the material used to install the equipment;
  • Step 102 adjust the temperature threshold adjustment knob 20 in the fire extinguisher automatic control valve not installed on the fire extinguisher housing 3, so that the expansion bag moves away from the valve plate limit rod 10 until the installation plate 19 and the valve plate limit rod 10 is the farthest;
  • Step 103 place the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher after adjusting the position of the expansion bag in a test environment where the ambient temperature is at the threshold of the equipment ambient fire temperature, wait for the expansion bag to expand to the limit, and then rotate the temperature threshold adjustment knob 20 to drive the expansion
  • the capsule moves towards the direction close to the valve plate limit rod 10 until the top of the valve stem 14 pushes the valve plate limit rod 10 to tilt up, so that the valve plate 9 is released from the restriction of the hook 11 to open, and at the same time the pressure rod 16 on the valve rod 14
  • the pressure contact switch 4 is closed; at this time, the position of the temperature threshold adjustment knob 20 and the expansion bag is the target installation position under the fire temperature threshold of the current equipment environment;
  • Step 104 place the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher in a normal temperature environment, and wait for the expansion bag to return to its original state; then connect the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher to the fire extinguisher shell 3 filled with fire extinguishing dry powder, and then inflate the fire extinguisher shell 3 Press, complete the assembly of automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31;
  • Step 2 Installation of automatic dry powder fire extinguisher and large equipment power supply control module:
  • At least one automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 is arranged on the fuel tank side of the large equipment 1, and at least four automatic dry powder fire extinguishers 31 are arranged on the engine peripheral side of the large equipment 1;
  • the contact switches 4 on the multiple automatic dry powder fire extinguishers 31 are all connected in parallel to the large-scale equipment power supply control module 2, and the battery 30 is connected to the power supply end of the large-scale equipment 1 through the large-scale equipment power supply control module 2;
  • Step 3 Automatic fire extinguishing and shutdown of large equipment:
  • the capsule-shaped temperature probe 17 monitors the ambient temperature of its installation point in real time. When the ambient temperature of its installation point is equal to or exceeds the ignition temperature threshold of the equipment environment, the temperature-sensitive liquid in the capsule-shaped temperature probe 17 evaporates, and the expanded steam enters through the capillary 18. Into the expansion bag, the expansion bag is inflated by the steam pressure, the top of the valve stem 14 pushes the valve plate limit rod 10 to tilt up, so that the valve plate 9 is released from the restriction of the hook 11, and the pressurized fire extinguishing dry powder is sprayed through the powder spray pipe 5 , realize automatic fire extinguishing;
  • Step 4 Recycling of automatic dry powder fire extinguishers:
  • the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 After the automatic dry powder fire extinguisher 31 is used, select the fire extinguisher housing 3 that is not corroded and damaged, disassemble and check the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher at both ends, and judge whether the structure of the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher is damaged. If damaged, replace the automatic control valve of the fire extinguisher. If it is damaged, push the valve plate 9 in the powder spraying pipe 5 to move in the direction of the hook 11, the valve plate 9 squeezes the hook 11, pushes the return spring 15 to retract and gives way, and the valve plate 9 is stuck on the hook 11 , push the return spring 15 to reset immediately, and realize the secondary sealing of the powder spraying chamber 6;
  • the ignition temperature threshold of the equipment environment is 65°C to 85°C.

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  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统及方法，该系统包括大型设备供电控制模块和多个自动干粉灭火器；自动干粉灭火器包括加压灌装有灭火干粉的灭火器壳体和两个设置在灭火器壳体两端的灭火器自动控制阀；该方法包括步骤：一、自动干粉灭火器的调试和组装；二、自动干粉灭火器和大型设备供电控制模块的安装；三、大型设备的自动灭火与停机；四、自动干粉灭火器的回收利用。通过在大型设备的各个易着火点安装自动干粉灭火器，实现自动检测环境温度并自动灭火，并通过大型设备供电控制模块实现在火灾发生时对切断大型设备的供电，彻底防止火灾扩散或发生，保护设备和现场安全。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统及方法 技术领域
本发明属于大型设备消防技术领域，具体涉及一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统及方法。
背景技术
如双轮铣槽机、履带吊、大型起重机等主要用于基础工程建设的大型设备，在正常施工中，往往环境十分恶劣，有些施工地点离消防队或者消防设施比较偏远。但由于该类大型设备功率比较大，一旦工作还需要长时间运行，机器携带的油类品种及量都比较多(柴油约1200L、液压油约800L、机油等)，各泵、马达、发动机等由于长时间工作温度较高，对于施工过程防火也成为了至关重要的问题，一旦出现大型设备自燃的情况，则会损失极大。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其设计新颖合理，通过在大型设备的各个易着火点安装自动干粉灭火器，实现自动检测环境温度并自动灭火，并通过大型设备供电控制模块实现在火灾发生时对切断大型设备的供电，彻底防止火灾扩散或发生，保护设备和现场安全，便于推广使用。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：包括多个设置在大型设备上的自动干粉灭火器和与自动干粉灭火器连接的大型设备供电控制模块；所述自动干粉灭火器包括加压灌装有灭火干粉的灭火器壳体和两个设置在灭火器壳体两端的灭火器自动控制阀，所述灭火器自动控制阀上连接有用于显 示自动干粉灭火器工作状态的触点开关；
所述大型设备供电控制模块包括继电器K6和继电器K7，继电器K6线圈的一端经多个并联的所述自动干粉灭火器的触点开关接地，继电器K6线圈的另一端分两路，一路与+24V供电电源连接，另一路经继电器K6的常闭触点与继电器K7线圈的一端连接，继电器K7线圈的另一端接地，继电器K7常开触点的一端与+24V供电电源连接，另一端与大型设备的正极供电端连接；
所述灭火器自动控制阀包括与灭火器壳体螺纹连接的喷粉管、设置在喷粉管内的可动阀体组件、以及设置在喷粉管外侧壁上的温感阀体控制机构，所述温感阀体控制机构用于控制所述可动阀体组件的开合和触点开关的开合；
所述自动干粉灭火器的数量至少为五个，至少一个所述自动干粉灭火器设置在大型设备的油箱旁侧，至少四个所述自动干粉灭火器设置在大型设备的发动机周侧。
同时，本发明还公开了一种方法步骤简单、设计合理、可实现大型设备自动灭火停机的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一、自动干粉灭火器的调试和组装：
在灭火干粉灌装前对自动干粉灭火器的灭火器自动控制阀进行适应性调试，具体步骤如下：
步骤101、确定设备环境着火温度阈值，设备环境着火温度阈值大于大型设备在自动干粉灭火器安装点的正常工作温度，所述感温液体的沸点等于安装设备使用的材料的燃点温度；
步骤102、调节未安装在灭火器壳体上的灭火器自动控制阀中的温度阈值调节旋钮，使膨胀囊向远离阀片限位杆的方向运动，直至安装板与阀片限位杆距离最远；
步骤103、将调节膨胀囊位置后的灭火器自动控制阀放置在环境温度 处于设备环境着火温度阈值的试验环境下，等待所述膨胀囊膨胀至极限，随后旋转温度阈值调节旋钮，带动所述膨胀囊向靠近阀片限位杆的方向运动，直至阀杆顶部顶推阀片限位杆翘起，使阀片脱离卡钩的限制打开，同时阀杆上的压杆压动触点开关闭合；此时温度阈值调节旋钮和膨胀囊的位置即为当前设备环境着火温度阈值下的目标安装位；
步骤104、将灭火器自动控制阀放置在常温环境中，等待膨胀囊恢复原状；随后将该灭火器自动控制阀连接在已充填灭火干粉后的灭火器壳体上，再对灭火器壳体进行充气加压，完成自动干粉灭火器的组装；
步骤二、自动干粉灭火器和大型设备供电控制模块的安装：
将至少一个自动干粉灭火器设置在大型设备的油箱旁侧，将至少四个自动干粉灭火器设置在大型设备的发动机周侧；
将多个自动干粉灭火器上的触点开关均并联在大型设备供电控制模块上，将蓄电池通过大型设备供电控制模块与大型设备的供电端连接；
步骤三、大型设备的自动灭火与停机：
所述胶囊状温度探头实时监测其安装点环境温度，当其安装点环境温度等于或超过设备环境着火温度阈值时，胶囊状温度探头内的感温液体蒸发，膨胀的蒸汽通过毛细管进入至膨胀囊内，膨胀囊受到蒸汽压力膨胀，阀杆顶部顶推阀片限位杆翘起，使阀片脱离卡钩的限制打开，加压的灭火干粉通过喷粉管喷射，实现自动灭火；
阀杆顶部顶推阀片限位杆翘起的同时，阀杆上的压杆压动触点开关闭合，继电器K6的线圈得电，继电器K6的常闭触点断开，继电器K7的线圈失电，继电器K7的的常开触点断开，从而切断大型设备的供电，实现大型设备的停机；
步骤四、自动干粉灭火器的回收利用：
自动干粉灭火器使用后，选择未腐蚀损坏的灭火器壳体，拆卸检查其两端的灭火器自动控制阀，判断灭火器自动控制阀的结构是否损坏，若损坏，则更换该灭火器自动控制阀，若未损坏，则推动喷粉管内的阀片向卡 钩方向运动，阀片挤压卡钩，顶推复位弹簧回缩让位，阀片卡设在卡钩上后，顶推复位弹簧立即复位，实现喷粉腔的二次封闭；
随后重新向灭火器壳体内充填灭火干粉，并将上述复位后的灭火器自动控制阀连接在灭火器壳体上，对灭火器壳体进行充气加压，再次完成自动干粉灭火器的组装，实现自动干粉灭火器的回收利用。
上述的一种方法，其特征在于：所述设备环境着火温度阈值为65℃～85℃。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
本发明通过在大型设备的各个易着火点安装自动干粉灭火器，实现自动检测环境温度并自动灭火，并通过大型设备供电控制模块实现在火灾发生时对切断大型设备的供电，彻底防止火灾扩散或发生，保护设备和现场安全。
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
图1为本发明采用的基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统的系统原理图。
图2为本发明采用的大型设备供电控制模块的电气原理图。
图3为本发明采用的自动干粉灭火器的结构示意图。
图4为图3中灭火器自动控制阀的结构示意图。
图5为本发明的方法流程图。
具体实施方式
如图1至图4所示，本发明所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，包括多个设置在大型设备1上的自动干粉灭火器31和与自动干粉灭火器31连接的大型设备供电控制模块2；所述自动干粉灭火器31包括加压灌装有灭火干粉的灭火器壳体3和两个设置在灭火器壳体3两端的灭火器自动控制阀，所述灭火器自动控制阀上连接有用于显示自动干粉 灭火器31工作状态的触点开关4；
所述大型设备供电控制模块2包括继电器K6和继电器K7，继电器K6线圈的一端经多个并联的所述自动干粉灭火器31的触点开关4接地，继电器K6线圈的另一端分两路，一路与+24V供电电源连接，另一路经继电器K6的常闭触点与继电器K7线圈的一端连接，继电器K7线圈的另一端接地，继电器K7常开触点的一端与+24V供电电源连接，另一端与大型设备1的正极供电端连接；
所述灭火器自动控制阀包括与灭火器壳体3螺纹连接的喷粉管5、设置在喷粉管5内的可动阀体组件、以及设置在喷粉管5外侧壁上的温感阀体控制机构，所述温感阀体控制机构用于控制所述可动阀体组件的开合和触点开关4的开合；
所述自动干粉灭火器31的数量至少为五个，至少一个所述自动干粉灭火器31设置在大型设备1的油箱旁侧，至少四个所述自动干粉灭火器31设置在大型设备1的发动机周侧。
本实施例中，所述灭火器壳体3上设置有注气加压单向阀33，注气装置通过注气加压单向阀33向灭火器壳体3内注气。
需要说明的是，实际安装时，将至少四个所述自动干粉灭火器31设置在大型设备的发动机周侧温度较高的地方，效果更好。
本实施例中，所述自动干粉灭火器31的数量为五个，一个自动干粉灭火器31上具有两个触点开关4，触点开关4的数量共有十个，十个触点开关4分别为触点开关S1、触点开关S2、触点开关S3、触点开关S4、触点开关S5、触点开关S6、触点开关S7、触点开关S8、触点开关S9和触点开关S10。
本实施例中，+24V供电电源为蓄电池30。
需要说明的是，灭火干粉在灌装后充气加压，便于灭火器自动控制阀打开时灭火干粉自行喷出，实现灭火。
需要说明的是，自动干粉灭火器31内的零件结构需要定时检修更换， 保证理想的灭火效果；此外，触点开关4和灭火器自动控制阀之间的配合关系也需要定时检查，保证自动干粉灭火器31开始灭火后，触点开关4能够正常闭合，使大型设备供电控制模块能够控制大型设备1断电，保证现场安全。
需要说明的是，通过在大型设备1的各个易着火点安装自动干粉灭火器31，实现自动检测环境温度并自动灭火，并通过大型设备供电控制模块2实现在火灾发生时对切断大型设备1的供电，彻底防止火灾扩散或发生，保护设备和现场安全。
本实施例中，所述可动阀体组件包括设置在喷粉管5内壁上且将喷粉管5内分隔为喷粉腔6和控制腔7的隔板8、用于封闭喷粉腔6出粉口且与喷粉管5内壁铰接连接的阀片9、以及设置在控制腔7内的阀片限位杆10，阀片限位杆10与闭合状态的阀片9呈垂直布设，阀片限位杆10靠近阀片9的一端设置有将阀片9抵压在喷粉腔6出粉口处的卡钩11；阀片限位杆10的中部与喷粉管5内壁铰接连接；
所述温感阀体控制机构包括设置在喷粉管5外侧壁上的温度感应壳体12、设置在温度感应壳体12与喷粉管5之间的过渡壳体13、以及温度感应组件和阀体控制组件；
所述阀体控制组件包括抵接在阀片限位杆10远离阀片9一端的阀杆14和抵接在阀片限位杆10靠近阀片9一端的顶推复位弹簧15；阀杆14与阀片限位杆10呈垂直布设，阀杆14远离阀片限位杆10的一端伸入至温度感应壳体12内；触点开关4设置在过渡壳体13内，阀杆14上固定设置有用于控制触点开关4开合的压杆16；
所述温度感应组件包括设置在温度感应壳体12内且用于向阀片限位杆10方向顶推阀杆14的膨胀囊、设置在温度感应壳体12外的胶囊状温度探头17、以及用于连通胶囊状温度探头17与膨胀囊的毛细管18，胶囊状温度探头17、膨胀囊和毛细管18内均充盈有感温液体；
所述温度感应壳体12内还设置有用于安装所述膨胀囊的安装板19和 用于带动所述膨胀囊向靠近或远离阀杆14的方向运动的温度阈值调节旋钮20，安装板19与温度感应壳体12的内壁滑动配合，温度阈值调节旋钮20的一端与安装板19转动连接，温度阈值调节旋钮20的另一端穿出温度感应壳体12并与其螺纹连接。
需要说明的是，通过设置隔板8将喷粉管5内分隔为喷粉腔6和控制腔7，使控制腔7内的相关控制结构不受灭火干粉的影响，能够保证其二次使用时还能顺畅动作，有利于节约成本；
通过顶推复位弹簧15、铰接安装的阀片限位杆10和卡钩11得相互配合，使阀片9能够重复开合，从而实现自动干粉灭火器31的重复利用，节约成本和资源；
通过设置胶囊状温度探头17、膨胀囊和毛细管18的配合连接，使环境为非正常高温时膨胀囊膨胀，顶推阀杆14，带动阀片限位杆10翘起，使阀片9脱离卡钩11的限制打开，加压的灭火干粉自动喷出，实现自动喷粉灭火，极大的提高了灭火效率，降低了经济损失，保护了工作人员的人身安全，使用效果好；
通过设计纯机械的温感阀体控制机构，工作原理清晰明了，检修维护方便快捷，不符合使用标准的零件可以随时更换，可靠性高；
通过设置温度阈值调节旋钮20可实现阀片9打开时的温度阈值的微调，具体原理为，当需要提高温度阈值时，旋转温度阈值调节旋钮20使膨胀囊带动阀杆14一起远离阀片限位杆10，此时，阀杆14顶推阀片限位杆10翘起时所需的膨胀囊膨胀量就越大，阀片9打开时的环境温度就越高，反之原理相同；该设计使温度感应组件的可操作性更强，可根据现场不同状况或温度感应组件的实际尺寸等进行适应性调试，使自动干粉灭火器31整体能够适用于不同的环境和要求。
需要说明的是，当阀杆14压动阀片限位杆10使阀片9打开时，压杆16压动触点开关4使其闭合。
本实施例中，所述温感阀体控制机构和可动阀体组件均由金属耐火材 质制成。
本实施例中，所述喷粉管5的出粉口可设置喷嘴21，便于灭火干粉向四周散去，从而扩大灭火范围。
本实施例中，所述隔板8沿喷粉管5长度方向布设，隔板8宽度方向的两端与喷粉管5内壁紧密贴合且固定连接，所述喷粉腔6与灭火器壳体3连通，隔板8靠近灭火器壳体3的一端设置有用于防止阀片限位杆10接触灭火干粉的挡板22，挡板22设置在隔板8与喷粉管5内壁之间；
本实施例中，所述胶囊状温度探头17和膨胀囊均由铜制成，导热效果好，感温速度快，薄铜片制成的膨胀囊膨胀后，当温度恢复至正常状态时，膨胀囊也由于负压、回冷等因素回缩至扁平状态，便于下次使用。
需要说明的是，所述胶囊状温度探头17虽与膨胀囊材质相同，但由于其特殊的胶囊形状，在感温液体受热蒸发时不会导致胶囊状温度探头17膨胀，能够使蒸发的气体尽可能多的通过毛细管18进入膨胀囊内，使膨胀囊膨胀，从而带动阀杆14抵压阀片限位杆10，从而打开阀片9。
需要说明的是，所述喷粉管5出粉口可连接喷粉延长管，毛细管的长度可根据现场实际需求加工为3cm～3m的长度，将喷粉延长管的出粉口和胶囊状温度探头17靠近易着火检测点进行安装，从而能够将灭火器壳体3远离易着火检测点进行安装，避免着火时灭火器壳体3受损，使之能够重复使用。
本实施例中，所述感温液体为沸点是安装设备使用的材料的燃点温度的感温液体，例如，在65℃～85℃之间的感温液体。
需要说明的是，大型设备正常运行时的温度为50℃左右，当胶囊状温度探头17安装处的温度到达65℃～85℃时，说明大型设备异常运行，有可能或已经发生火灾，此时感温液体大量蒸发，体积膨胀，使膨胀囊膨胀，带动阀杆14压动阀片限位杆10翘起，阀片9脱离限位打开，加压的灭火器壳体3内的灭火干粉由喷粉管5喷出，实现灭火降温。
本实施例中，所述感温液体为乙醇。
本实施例中，所述顶推复位弹簧15设置在过渡壳体13内，顶推复位弹簧15的一端穿过过渡壳体13抵接在阀片限位杆10上，过渡壳体13内设置有套设在顶推复位弹簧15上的限位导向管23，阀杆14伸入至温度感应壳体12内的杆段上套设有缓冲弹簧24。
需要说明的是，通过设置限位导向管23限制顶推复位弹簧15的运动方向，顶推复位弹簧15的作用有两个，第一是，当阀片9处于闭合状态时，顶推复位弹簧15顶紧阀片限位杆10，从而使卡钩11限制阀片9的打开，可以抵消自动干粉灭火器31在搬运安装的过程中产生的晃动，保证阀片9在环境温度正常时的闭合状态；第二是，当阀片9打开后需要二次利用时，将阀片9向卡钩11方向推动，顶推复位弹簧15回缩让位，随后立即复位，使阀片9能够顺利地顺着直角三角卡钩的斜边移动并卡设在卡钩11上，以实现灭火器壳体3的二次封闭。
本实施例中，所述膨胀囊包括两层相叠设且相连通的圆盘型空心囊体25，圆盘型空心囊体25的环形侧壁向外凸起，靠近阀杆14布设的圆盘型空心囊体25的直径小于远离阀杆14布设的圆盘型空心囊体25的直径，阀杆14设置在圆盘型空心囊体25的平面圆心处。
本实施例中，所述阀杆14与圆盘型空心囊体25之间通过扩大板32连接。
需要说明的是，当胶囊状温度探头17内的蒸发的气体通过毛细管18进入膨胀囊内时，膨胀囊内受到均匀的压力，该压力只会将圆盘型空心囊体25不圆滑的部位，即圆盘型空心囊体25的平面部位膨胀成圆弧面；圆盘型空心囊体25的环形侧壁向外凸起的目的在于，使圆盘型空心囊体25的侧向没有膨胀，减少压力的消耗；该原理类似于吹气球膨胀的原理。
需要说明的是，设置两层直径不同的圆盘型空心囊体25的目的在于，在蒸汽压力到来时，直径较大的一个圆盘型空心囊体25首先进行一次膨胀，直径较小的另一个圆盘型空心囊体25再进行二次膨胀，膨胀效果更好，使阀杆14能够准确无误的将阀片限位杆10压起，使阀片脱离卡钩11 的限制而打开，从而实现自动灭火。
本实施例中，所述阀片9与喷粉管5内壁通过第一铰接座26铰接连接，第一铰接座26设置在远离卡钩11的喷粉管5内壁上；所述喷粉腔6对应的喷粉管5内壁上设置有用于封闭其与阀片9之间的间隙的密封条27，密封条27设置在阀片9内侧；阀片限位杆10的中部通过第二铰接座28与喷粉管5内壁铰接连接。
需要说明的是，所述密封条27不随阀片9的开合而移动，当阀片9闭合时，阀片9内侧与密封条27抵接，实现密封，避免漏粉。
需要说明的是，当灭火器自动控制阀整体重复利用时，需要检查更换密封条27，从而保证阀片9闭合时灭火器壳体3内的密封度。
本实施例中，所述卡钩11为直角三角卡钩。
本实施例中，当阀片9打开后需要二次利用时，只需将阀片9向卡钩11方向推动即可，阀片9会顺着直角三角卡钩的斜边移动并卡设在卡钩11的一个直角边上，以实现灭火器壳体3的二次封闭。
本实施例中，所述大型设备供电控制模块2上还连接有火灾报警模块29，所述火灾报警模块29包括微控制器、与微控制器连接的声光报警模块、以及与微控制器连接且用于与中控机通信的通信模块；所述继电器K6的常闭触点与继电器K7线圈的连接端为火灾报警信号的输出端，与微控制器的输入端连接。
需要说明的是，在基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统开机后，大型设备供电控制模块2上电，继电器K7的线圈与+24V供电电源连通得电，继电器K7的的常开触点闭合，蓄电池经+24V供电电源为大型设备1正常供电；当任意一处自动干粉灭火器31的灭火器自动控制阀检测到环境温度超过温度阈值时，即刻打开，开始自动灭火作业，此时该处对应的触点开关4闭合，继电器K6的线圈得电，继电器K6的常闭触点断开，继电器K7的线圈失电，继电器K7的的常开触点恢复断开状态，从而切断大型设备1的供电，使大型设备1停机，保证现场和设备的安全；
期间，继电器K6的线圈得电，继电器K6的常闭触点断开后，火灾报警信号的输出端由高电平变换为低电平，微控制器检测到该变化信号后经声光报警模块报警，同时通过通信模块将报警信号传输至中控机，及时提醒管理人员到现场进行处置。
如图5所示的一种方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、自动干粉灭火器的调试和组装：
在灭火干粉灌装前对自动干粉灭火器31的灭火器自动控制阀进行适应性调试，具体步骤如下：
步骤101、确定设备环境着火温度阈值，设备环境着火温度阈值大于大型设备1在自动干粉灭火器31安装点的正常工作温度，所述感温液体的沸点等于安装设备使用的材料的燃点温度；
步骤102、调节未安装在灭火器壳体3上的灭火器自动控制阀中的温度阈值调节旋钮20，使膨胀囊向远离阀片限位杆10的方向运动，直至安装板19与阀片限位杆10距离最远；
步骤103、将调节膨胀囊位置后的灭火器自动控制阀放置在环境温度处于设备环境着火温度阈值的试验环境下，等待所述膨胀囊膨胀至极限，随后旋转温度阈值调节旋钮20，带动所述膨胀囊向靠近阀片限位杆10的方向运动，直至阀杆14顶部顶推阀片限位杆10翘起，使阀片9脱离卡钩11的限制打开，同时阀杆14上的压杆16压动触点开关4闭合；此时温度阈值调节旋钮20和膨胀囊的位置即为当前设备环境着火温度阈值下的目标安装位；
步骤104、将灭火器自动控制阀放置在常温环境中，等待膨胀囊恢复原状；随后将该灭火器自动控制阀连接在已充填灭火干粉后的灭火器壳体3上，再对灭火器壳体3进行充气加压，完成自动干粉灭火器31的组装；
步骤二、自动干粉灭火器和大型设备供电控制模块的安装：
将至少一个自动干粉灭火器31设置在大型设备1的油箱旁侧，将至少四个自动干粉灭火器31设置在大型设备1的发动机周侧；
将多个自动干粉灭火器31上的触点开关4均并联在大型设备供电控制模块2上，将蓄电池30通过大型设备供电控制模块2与大型设备1的供电端连接；
步骤三、大型设备的自动灭火与停机：
所述胶囊状温度探头17实时监测其安装点环境温度，当其安装点环境温度等于或超过设备环境着火温度阈值时，胶囊状温度探头17内的感温液体蒸发，膨胀的蒸汽通过毛细管18进入至膨胀囊内，膨胀囊受到蒸汽压力膨胀，阀杆14顶部顶推阀片限位杆10翘起，使阀片9脱离卡钩11的限制打开，加压的灭火干粉通过喷粉管5喷射，实现自动灭火；
阀杆14顶部顶推阀片限位杆10翘起的同时，阀杆14上的压杆16压动触点开关4闭合，继电器K6的线圈得电，继电器K6的常闭触点断开，继电器K7的线圈失电，继电器K7的的常开触点断开，从而切断大型设备1的供电，实现大型设备1的停机；
步骤四、自动干粉灭火器的回收利用：
自动干粉灭火器31使用后，选择未腐蚀损坏的灭火器壳体3，拆卸检查其两端的灭火器自动控制阀，判断灭火器自动控制阀的结构是否损坏，若损坏，则更换该灭火器自动控制阀，若未损坏，则推动喷粉管5内的阀片9向卡钩11方向运动，阀片9挤压卡钩11，顶推复位弹簧15回缩让位，阀片9卡设在卡钩11上后，顶推复位弹簧15立即复位，实现喷粉腔6的二次封闭；
随后重新向灭火器壳体3内充填灭火干粉，并将上述复位后的灭火器自动控制阀连接在灭火器壳体3上，对灭火器壳体3进行充气加压，再次完成自动干粉灭火器31的组装，实现自动干粉灭火器31的回收利用。
所述设备环境着火温度阈值为65℃～85℃。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：包括多个设置在大型设备(1)上的自动干粉灭火器(31)和与自动干粉灭火器(31)连接的大型设备供电控制模块(2)；所述自动干粉灭火器(31)包括加压灌装有灭火干粉的灭火器壳体(3)和两个设置在灭火器壳体(3)两端的灭火器自动控制阀，所述灭火器自动控制阀上连接有用于显示自动干粉灭火器(31)工作状态的触点开关(4)；
    所述大型设备供电控制模块(2)包括继电器K6和继电器K7，继电器K6线圈的一端经多个并联的所述自动干粉灭火器(31)的触点开关(4)接地，继电器K6线圈的另一端分两路，一路与+24V供电电源连接，另一路经继电器K6的常闭触点与继电器K7线圈的一端连接，继电器K7线圈的另一端接地，继电器K7常开触点的一端与+24V供电电源连接，另一端与大型设备(1)的正极供电端连接；
    所述灭火器自动控制阀包括与灭火器壳体(3)螺纹连接的喷粉管(5)、设置在喷粉管(5)内的可动阀体组件、以及设置在喷粉管(5)外侧壁上的温感阀体控制机构，所述温感阀体控制机构用于控制所述可动阀体组件的开合和触点开关(4)的开合；
    所述自动干粉灭火器(31)的数量至少为五个，至少一个所述自动干粉灭火器(31)设置在大型设备(1)的油箱旁侧，至少四个所述自动干粉灭火器(31)设置在大型设备(1)的发动机周侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：所述可动阀体组件包括设置在喷粉管(5)内壁上且将喷粉管(5)内分隔为喷粉腔(6)和控制腔(7)的隔板(8)、用于封闭喷粉腔(6)出粉口且与喷粉管(5)内壁铰接连接的阀片(9)、以及设置在控制腔(7)内的阀片限位杆(10)，阀片限位杆(10)与闭合状态 的阀片(9)呈垂直布设，阀片限位杆(10)靠近阀片(9)的一端设置有将阀片(9)抵压在喷粉腔(6)出粉口处的卡钩(11)；阀片限位杆(10)的中部与喷粉管(5)内壁铰接连接；
    所述温感阀体控制机构包括设置在喷粉管(5)外侧壁上的温度感应壳体(12)、设置在温度感应壳体(12)与喷粉管(5)之间的过渡壳体(13)、以及温度感应组件和阀体控制组件；
    所述阀体控制组件包括抵接在阀片限位杆(10)远离阀片(9)一端的阀杆(14)和抵接在阀片限位杆(10)靠近阀片(9)一端的顶推复位弹簧(15)；阀杆(14)与阀片限位杆(10)呈垂直布设，阀杆(14)远离阀片限位杆(10)的一端伸入至温度感应壳体(12)内；触点开关(4)设置在过渡壳体(13)内，阀杆(14)上固定设置有用于控制触点开关(4)开合的压杆(16)；
    所述温度感应组件包括设置在温度感应壳体(12)内且用于向阀片限位杆(10)方向顶推阀杆(14)的膨胀囊、设置在温度感应壳体(12)外的胶囊状温度探头(17)、以及用于连通胶囊状温度探头(17)与膨胀囊的毛细管(18)，胶囊状温度探头(17)、膨胀囊和毛细管(18)内均充盈有感温液体；
    所述温度感应壳体(12)内还设置有用于安装所述膨胀囊的安装板(19)和用于带动所述膨胀囊向靠近或远离阀杆(14)的方向运动的温度阈值调节旋钮(20)，安装板(19)与温度感应壳体(12)的内壁滑动配合，温度阈值调节旋钮(20)的一端与安装板(19)转动连接，温度阈值调节旋钮(20)的另一端穿出温度感应壳体(12)并与其螺纹连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：所述感温液体为沸点是安装设备使用的材料的燃点温度的感温液体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：所述顶推复位弹簧(15)设置在过渡壳体(13)内，顶推复位弹簧(15)的一端穿过过渡壳体(13)抵接在阀片限位杆(10)上，过渡壳体(13)内设置有套设在顶推复位弹簧(15)上的限位导向管(23)，阀杆(14)伸入至温度感应壳体(12)内的杆段上套设有缓冲弹簧(24)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：所述膨胀囊包括两层相叠设且相连通的圆盘型空心囊体(25)，圆盘型空心囊体(25)的环形侧壁向外凸起，靠近阀杆(14)布设的圆盘型空心囊体(25)的直径小于远离阀杆(14)布设的圆盘型空心囊体(25)的直径，阀杆(14)设置在圆盘型空心囊体(25)的平面圆心处。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：所述阀片(9)与喷粉管(5)内壁通过第一铰接座(26)铰接连接，第一铰接座(26)设置在远离卡钩(11)的喷粉管(5)内壁上；所述喷粉腔(6)对应的喷粉管(5)内壁上设置有用于封闭其与阀片(9)之间的间隙的密封条(27)，密封条(27)设置在阀片(9)内侧；阀片限位杆(10)的中部通过第二铰接座(28)与喷粉管(5)内壁铰接连接。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：所述卡钩(11)为直角三角卡钩。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统，其特征在于：所述大型设备供电控制模块(2)上还连接有火灾报警模块(29)，所述火灾报警模块(29)包括微控制器、与微控制器连接的 声光报警模块、以及与微控制器连接且用于与中控机通信的通信模块；所述继电器K6的常闭触点与继电器K7线圈的连接端为火灾报警信号的输出端，与微控制器的输入端连接。
  9. 一种利用如权利要求2所述基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统进行大型设备自动灭火停机的方法，其特征在于：该方法包括以下步骤：
    步骤一、自动干粉灭火器的调试和组装：
    在灭火干粉灌装前对自动干粉灭火器(31)的灭火器自动控制阀进行适应性调试，具体步骤如下：
    步骤101、确定设备环境着火温度阈值，该设备环境着火温度阈值大于大型设备(1)在自动干粉灭火器(31)安装点的正常工作温度，所述感温液体的沸点等于安装设备使用的材料的燃点温度；
    步骤102、调节未安装在灭火器壳体(3)上的灭火器自动控制阀中的温度阈值调节旋钮(20)，使膨胀囊向远离阀片限位杆(10)的方向运动，直至安装板(19)与阀片限位杆(10)距离最远；
    步骤103、将调节膨胀囊位置后的灭火器自动控制阀放置在环境温度处于设备着火温度阈值的试验环境下，等待所述膨胀囊膨胀至极限，随后旋转温度阈值调节旋钮(20)，带动所述膨胀囊向靠近阀片限位杆(10)的方向运动，直至阀杆(14)顶部顶推阀片限位杆(10)翘起，使阀片(9)脱离卡钩(11)的限制打开，同时阀杆(14)上的压杆(16)压动触点开关(4)闭合；此时温度阈值调节旋钮(20)和膨胀囊的位置即为当前设备着火温度阈值下的目标安装位；
    步骤104、将灭火器自动控制阀放置在常温环境中，等待膨胀囊恢复原状；随后将该灭火器自动控制阀连接在已充填灭火干粉后的灭火器壳体(3)上，再对灭火器壳体(3)进行充气加压，完成自动干粉灭火器(31)的组装；
    步骤二、自动干粉灭火器和大型设备供电控制模块的安装：
    将至少一个自动干粉灭火器(31)设置在大型设备(1)的油箱旁侧，将至少四个自动干粉灭火器(31)设置在大型设备(1)的发动机周侧；
    将多个自动干粉灭火器(31)上的触点开关(4)均并联在大型设备供电控制模块(2)上，将蓄电池(30)通过大型设备供电控制模块(2)与大型设备(1)的供电端连接；
    步骤三、大型设备的自动灭火与停机：
    所述胶囊状温度探头(17)实时监测其安装点环境温度，当其安装点环境温度等于或超过设备着火温度阈值时，胶囊状温度探头(17)内的感温液体蒸发，膨胀的蒸汽通过毛细管(18)进入至膨胀囊内，膨胀囊受到蒸汽压力膨胀，阀杆(14)顶部顶推阀片限位杆(10)翘起，使阀片(9)脱离卡钩(11)的限制打开，加压的灭火干粉通过喷粉管(5)喷射，实现自动灭火；
    阀杆(14)顶部顶推阀片限位杆(10)翘起的同时，阀杆(14)上的压杆(16)压动触点开关(4)闭合，继电器K6的线圈得电，继电器K6的常闭触点断开，继电器K7的线圈失电，继电器K7的常开触点断开，从而切断大型设备(1)的供电，实现大型设备(1)的停机；
    步骤四、自动干粉灭火器的回收利用：
    自动干粉灭火器(31)使用后，选择未腐蚀损坏的灭火器壳体(3)，拆卸检查其两端的灭火器自动控制阀，判断灭火器自动控制阀的结构是否损坏，若损坏，则更换该灭火器自动控制阀，若未损坏，则推动喷粉管(5)内的阀片(9)向卡钩(11)方向运动，阀片(9)挤压卡钩(11)，顶推复位弹簧(15)回缩让位，阀片(9)卡设在卡钩(11)上后，顶推复位弹簧(15)立即复位，实现喷粉腔(6)的二次封闭；
    随后重新向灭火器壳体(3)内充填灭火干粉，并将上述复位后的灭火器自动控制阀连接在灭火器壳体(3)上，对灭火器壳体(3)进行充气加压，再次完成自动干粉灭火器(31)的组装，实现自动干粉灭火器(31)的回收利用。
PCT/CN2022/119349 2021-12-15 2022-09-16 基础工程用大型设备自动灭火停机系统及方法 WO2023109225A1 (zh)

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