WO2023108983A1

WO2023108983A1 - Gnss high-precision navigation antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2023108983A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/089988
Authority: WO
Inventors: 殷伟; 夏冰; 李春玫; 李红梅; 叶鸭泉; 张家裕
Original assignee: 泰州苏中天线集团有限公司
Priority date: 2021-12-17
Filing date: 2022-04-28
Publication date: 2023-06-22
Also published as: CN114142221A

Abstract

The present invention provides a GNSS high-precision navigation antenna, comprising a shell, a base, a reflection cavity, a dielectric antenna, a bridge, a PCB, an output line, and a connector. The dielectric antenna is mounted on the PCB; a dielectric antenna mounting feed hole is formed in the PCB; the bridge is mounted on the PCB; the PCB is mounted on the base; a PCB mounting column is arranged on the base; the PCB is mounted on the PCB mounting column of the base; the PCB is fixed to the base by means of screws; the shell and the reflection cavity are fixed onto the base by means of screws; the PCB is connected to the output line; the output line is provided with the connector. The reflection cavity is funnel-shaped, and the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is arranged on the bottom plane of the funnel of the reflection cavity. The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna provided in embodiments of the present invention is suitable for use as a vehicle-mounted high-precision positioning navigation antenna in a complex mounting environment.

Description

GNSS High Precision Navigation Antenna

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile antennas, in particular to a GNSS high-precision navigation antenna.

Background technique

Provide cloud-integrated satellite navigation system (GNSS) solutions for Internet car customers. Provide consumers with high-precision lane-level navigation experience, and through GNSS combined positioning, solve the problem that vehicle-mounted positioning equipment can effectively improve navigation accuracy in complex driving environments, and can still ensure reception under unfavorable conditions such as countering unfavorable multi-path interference. The integrity of the satellite signal, combined with the C-V2X function, solves the multiple accident rate caused by developed traffic and heavy traffic volume, and improves the comprehensive positioning capability of the terminal. Provide real-time high-precision location calculation services covering the whole country for autonomous vehicle customers.

Intelligent connected vehicles are not only one of the most important application scenarios of 5G, but also the core direction of new infrastructure in the field of artificial intelligence. High-precision maps are a must for the realization of high-level autonomous driving (level3 and above), and will become an important point in the future for the start of high-precision commercialization.

Intelligent networked vehicles have laid a new direction for the development of automotive technology by integrating global positioning system navigation technology (GNSS), vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology (V2X), wireless communication (5G) and remote sensing technology, and realized the combination of manual driving and automatic driving. compatible.

According to the current design method, the antenna is directly placed on the beam, and the vehicle T-BOX is also placed on the beam or other positions in the car and the complex installation environment makes the axial ratio and phase of the GNSS (L1+L2+L5) high-precision navigation antenna Centrality (PCO) and phase deviation (PCV) will become very poor, and the product cannot meet the requirements of high-precision application scenarios.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention provides a GNSS high-precision navigation antenna for the above-mentioned needs, which is a design structure of a high-precision GNSS module antenna built in a car, installed on the top beam in the car, and brings a better solution for installation and product performance, making The stability, reliability and anti-interference of the received signal are superior to other conventional solutions. The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna includes: housing, base, reflection cavity, dielectric antenna, electric bridge, PCB circuit board, output line and connection device;

The dielectric antenna is installed on the PCB circuit board, and the PCB circuit board is provided with a dielectric antenna installation feed hole. The bridge is installed on the PCB circuit board. The circuit board is installed on the PCB circuit board mounting column of the base, the PCB circuit board and the base are fixed by screws, the housing and the reflection cavity are fixed on the base by screws, the PCB circuit board is connected with output lines, and the output lines are equipped with connectors.

In one embodiment, the reflective cavity is funnel-shaped, and the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is placed on the bottom plane of the funnel of the reflective cavity.

In one embodiment, the dielectric antenna installation feed hole is provided with two or four feed holes.

In one embodiment, the PCB circuit board is an antenna dielectric circuit board. The dielectric antenna matching circuit is arranged on the PCB circuit board. The matching circuit means: the impedance of the dielectric antenna output is adjusted by the LCR circuit to achieve the best state. The dielectric antenna adopts GNSS ceramic dielectric antenna or other material dielectric antenna. The dielectric antenna is mainly ceramics, and materials with different dielectric constants such as PCB and plastic are not excluded; the electric bridge is a four-port device, and it can also be made of LCR.

In one embodiment, the reflective cavity is funnel-shaped. The reflective cavity can be an inverted hollow centrally symmetrical circular convex frustum, or an inverted hollow centrally symmetrical tetrahedron cone, which completely isolates the influence of the beam used to install the antenna and other surrounding parts on the antenna. The dielectric antenna is placed in the reflective cavity The bottom plane of the funnel of the body; the size can be adjusted according to the size of the antenna and the installation position of the body, where the wide side and height of the frustum determine the radiation performance of the antenna (gain of theta plane, axial ratio, phase centrality PCO and phase center deviation PCV) and anti-interference ability.

In one embodiment, the reflective cavity is made of a metal reflective cavity, which completely isolates the influence of the beam used for installing the antenna and other surrounding parts on the antenna. Because the installation environment has a great influence on the important parameters of the antenna, in order to eliminate these negative effects, the negative effects refer to the large changes in the axial ratio when the independent antenna body is directly assembled on the beam, and these changes are unacceptable; The wide opening of the retroauricular reflex is to improve and eliminate adverse effects.

In one embodiment, the output line is a coaxial cable. The base is provided with a coaxial cable harness outlet, through which the coaxial cable harness is led out, and the other end of the coaxial cable is crimped and equipped with a connector, and the connector adopts a FAKRA connector, which is a connector output.

The antenna of the embodiment of the present invention receives signals from different frequency bands sent by satellites in space. In order to better obtain these signals, the antenna needs to have a certain width of operating frequency, and needs to have gains at different angles, better axial ratio and phase. Center, and phase center offset to combat multipath interference on the ground, partially eliminate interference and time delay caused by satellite signals passing through the troposphere and ionosphere; with other systems such as: RTK, DR, and other means to further Improve navigation accuracy. The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna antenna itself also has a low-noise amplifier to amplify the weak signal signal received by the antenna to reach the minimum sensitivity limit of the receiver.

GNSS high-precision navigation antennas have the following advantages: There are many methods and types of antennas that can realize high-precision navigation antennas, but there are really few suitable for vehicles. GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is a dielectric patch antenna with a firm structure, low profile, and easy installation. It is combined with a small-sized reflective cavity, and under the action of the reflective cavity, interference is eliminated, and the antenna gain is higher than that without a tapered reflective cavity. significantly strengthened.

GNSS high-precision navigation antenna has the following characteristics: 1. Small size; 2. Firm structure; 3. Easy to install in many scenes without being affected by the external installation environment; 4. Function in the reflection cavity (conical cavity) Under this condition, AR, PCO, and PCV are guaranteed, and the antenna gain can also be improved.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a GNSS high-precision navigation antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic view 1 of the structure of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna and the state of use in the vehicle installation position in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram 2 of the structure of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna and the state of use in the vehicle installation position in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4a is a schematic diagram 1 of the unloaded state simulation data of the reflection cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram 2 of unloaded state simulation data of the reflective cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna in the embodiment of the present invention; it is a gain map: m1 point gain=4.3dBi@0 degree, m2 point gain=2.88dBi@70 degree;

Fig. 4c is a schematic diagram 3 of the unloaded state simulation data of the reflection cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna in the embodiment of the present invention; it is a standing wave return loss ratio diagram;

Fig. 4d is a schematic diagram 4 of the unloaded state simulation data of the reflection cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna in the embodiment of the present invention; it is an axis ratio diagram: m1=7.7dB@0 degrees, m2=7.4dB@-45 degrees, m3= 0.37dB@45 degrees;

Fig. 5a is a schematic diagram 1 of the state simulation data after the reflective cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is loaded in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5b is a schematic diagram 2 of state simulation data after loading of the reflective cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna in the embodiment of the present invention; it is a gain diagram: m1 point gain=5.9@0 degree, m2 point gain=2.5dBi@-70 degree;

Fig. 5c is a schematic diagram of the state simulation data 3 after the reflective cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is loaded in the embodiment of the present invention; it is a standing wave return loss ratio diagram;

Fig. 5d is a schematic diagram 4 of state simulation data after loading of the reflection cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna in the embodiment of the present invention; it is an axis ratio diagram: m1=1.8dB@0 degree, m2=0.52dB@-45 degree, m3= 1.2dB@45 degrees.

reference sign

1: Shell;

2: Base;

3: reflective cavity;

4: Dielectric antenna;

5: PCB circuit board;

6: output line;

7: Beam;

8: Interior panels;

9: Vehicle T-BOX;

10: Connector;

11: Reflecting cavity mounting feet.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

In the description of this specification, the words "comprising", "comprising", "having", "containing" and so on are all open terms, meaning including but not limited to. A description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one of the present application. Examples or examples. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The sequence of steps involved in each embodiment is used to schematically illustrate the implementation of the present application, and the sequence of steps therein is not limited and can be appropriately adjusted as required.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 5d, the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna includes: a housing 1, a base 2, a reflection cavity 3, a dielectric antenna 4, an electric bridge, a PCB circuit board 5, an output line 6 and connector 10;

The dielectric antenna 4 is installed on the PCB circuit board 5, the PCB circuit board 5 is provided with a dielectric antenna installation feeding hole, the electric bridge is installed on the PCB circuit board 5, the PCB circuit board 5 is installed on the base 2, and the base 2 is provided with The PCB circuit board mounting column, the PCB circuit board 2 is installed on the PCB circuit board mounting column of the base, the PCB circuit board 5 and the base 2 are fixed by screws, the shell 1 and the reflection cavity 3 are fixed on the base 2 by screws, and the PCB circuit board 5 is fixed on the base 2 by screws. The board 5 is connected to an output line 6 fitted with a connector 10 .

In one embodiment, the reflective cavity 3 is funnel-shaped, and the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is placed on the bottom plane of the funnel of the reflective cavity 3 .

In one embodiment, the PCB circuit board 5 is an antenna dielectric circuit board. The dielectric antenna matching circuit is arranged on the PCB circuit board. The matching circuit means: the impedance of the dielectric antenna output is adjusted by the LCR circuit to achieve the best state. The dielectric antenna 4 adopts GNSS ceramic dielectric antenna or other material dielectric antenna. The dielectric antenna 4 is mainly ceramics, and materials with different dielectric constants such as PCB, plastic, etc. are not excluded; the electric bridge is a four-port device, and can also be made of LCR. The electric bridge is a hybrid coupler, which converts two signals with the same phase into one signal with a phase difference of 90°.

In one embodiment, the reflective cavity 3 is funnel-shaped, and the reflective cavity 3 can be an inverted hollow centrally symmetrical circular convex platform 3-2 (Fig. 2), or an inverted hollow The centrosymmetric tetrahedral frustum 3-1 (Fig. 1) completely isolates the influence of the beam 7 used to install the antenna and other surrounding parts on the antenna, and the dielectric antenna 4 is placed on the bottom plane of the funnel of the reflection cavity 3; Size and body installation position to adjust the size, where the broadside and height of the frustum determine the radiation performance of the antenna (gain of theta plane, axial ratio, phase center degree PCO and phase center deviation PCV) and anti-interference ability.

In one embodiment, the reflective cavity 3 is made of a metal reflective cavity, which completely isolates the influence of the beam 7 used for installing the antenna and other surrounding parts on the antenna. Because the installation environment has a great influence on the important parameters of the antenna, in order to eliminate these negative effects, the negative effects refer to the large changes in the axial ratio when the independent antenna body is directly assembled on the beam, and these changes are unacceptable; The wide opening of the retroauricular reflex is to improve and eliminate adverse effects.

In one embodiment, the output line 6 adopts a coaxial cable, and the base 2 is provided with a coaxial cable harness outlet, and the coaxial cable harness is drawn out through the coaxial cable harness outlet, and the coaxial cable The other end is crimped with a connector 10, the connector 10 adopts a FAKRA connector, and is a connector output.

Figures 4a to 4d are schematic diagrams 1-4 of the unloaded state simulation data of the reflective cavity of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna. Comparison chart: m1＝7.7dB@0 degree, m2＝7.4dB@-45 degree, m3＝0.37dB@45 degree. In Figures 4a to 4d, Axial ratio is the axial ratio; Gain is the gain; S-parameter is the standing wave return loss ratio.

Figures 5a to 5d are the state simulation data schematic diagrams 1-4 of the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna after the reflective cavity is loaded, and the gain diagram: m1 point gain=5.9@0 degrees, m2 point gain=2.5dBi@-70 degrees; Comparison chart: m1＝1.8dB@0 degree, m2＝0.52dB@-45 degree, m3＝1.2dB@45 degree. In Figures 5a to 5d, Axial ratio is the axial ratio; Gain is the gain; S-parameter is the standing wave return loss ratio.

In one embodiment, the axial ratio AR of the apex is 2dB to meet the requirement, and the apex gain becomes better and meets the requirement of 4dBi; all axial ratios and gain parameters in the entire frequency band are as shown in Table 1:

Table 1

The gains described in Table 1 are the maximum gains at the apex, and the described axial ratios are the axial ratios at the apex.

When the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is installed on the top cross beam in the car, the vehicle-mounted T-BOX is installed on the top cross beam in the car or on other positions of the car, and the cross beam 7 is equipped with The interior trim panel 8 is used for protection; the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is assembled on the reflective cavity through screws, and the reflective cavity mounting feet 11 on both sides of the loaded reflective cavity are assembled on the beam 7 through screws; the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is assembled through the connector The 10 lead is connected to the vehicle T-BOX 9; the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna receives signals from different frequency bands sent by satellites in space. In order to better obtain these signals, the antenna needs to have a certain width of working frequency and needs to have different Angular gain, better axial ratio and phase center, and phase center offset to combat multipath interference on the ground, partially eliminate interference and time delay caused by satellite signals passing through the troposphere and ionosphere; with other systems Such as: RTK, DR, and other means to further improve the navigation accuracy. The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna antenna itself also has a low-noise amplifier to amplify the weak signal signal received by the antenna to reach the minimum sensitivity limit of the receiver.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Protection scope, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A GNSS high-precision navigation antenna, characterized in that it includes: a housing, a base, a reflection cavity, a dielectric antenna, an electric bridge, a PCB circuit board, an output line, and a connector;

The dielectric antenna is installed on the PCB circuit board, the PCB circuit board is provided with a dielectric antenna installation feed hole, the bridge is installed on the PCB circuit board, the PCB circuit board is installed on the base, and the PCB circuit board mounting column is arranged on the base, the PCB The circuit board is installed on the PCB circuit board mounting column of the base, the PCB circuit board and the base are fixed by screws, the housing and the reflection cavity are fixed on the base by screws, the PCB circuit board is connected with output lines, and the output lines are equipped with connectors.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the reflective cavity is funnel-shaped, and the GNSS high-precision navigation antenna is placed on the bottom plane of the funnel of the reflective cavity.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the output line adopts a coaxial cable, and the base is provided with a coaxial cable harness outlet, and the coaxial cable harness passes through the coaxial cable. The wire harness outlet is drawn out, and the other end of the coaxial cable is crimped and fitted with a connector.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the connector adopts a FAKRA connector and is output by a connector.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the reflective cavity is a metal reflective cavity.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric antenna installation feed hole is provided with two or four feed holes.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the PCB circuit board is an antenna dielectric circuit board, and a dielectric antenna matching circuit is arranged on the PCB circuit board.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric antenna is a GNSS ceramic dielectric antenna or other material dielectric antenna.
The GNSS high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the reflective cavity is in the shape of an inverted hollow centrosymmetric circular convex frustum, or an inverted hollow centrosymmetric tetrahedral cone.