CN112332115B - Multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna - Google Patents
Multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112332115B CN112332115B CN202011168913.6A CN202011168913A CN112332115B CN 112332115 B CN112332115 B CN 112332115B CN 202011168913 A CN202011168913 A CN 202011168913A CN 112332115 B CN112332115 B CN 112332115B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas and discloses a multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna which comprises a discone cone, a metal cavity, a first feed connector, a metal disc, a plurality of metal short-circuit columns, a second feed connector, a microstrip antenna and a connecting piece, wherein the discone cone is a communication antenna, the microstrip antenna is a navigation antenna, the discone cone is embedded in the metal cavity and is coaxially arranged with a bottom plate of the metal cavity, the first feed connector passes through the center of the bottom plate of the metal cavity to be connected with the center of the lower end of the discone cone, the metal disc is arranged at the upper end of the discone cone and is connected with the bottom plate of the metal cavity through the plurality of metal short-circuit columns, any one of the plurality of metal short-circuit columns is provided with a through hole, the second feed connector is arranged on the bottom plate of the metal cavity and passes through the through hole to be the microstrip antenna, and the microstrip antenna is arranged on the metal disc and is fixedly connected with the plurality of metal short-circuit columns through the connecting piece. Therefore, the common-caliber integrated design of the communication and navigation antenna can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, in particular to a multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna.
Background
Aircraft are typically equipped with various antennas for measurement and control communications, satellite navigation, and the like. Generally, an aircraft measurement and control communication antenna needs to have an omnidirectional coverage capacity of 360 degrees on an azimuth plane to adapt to antenna pointing changes caused by maneuvering of the aircraft, and a satellite navigation antenna is usually installed on the top of the aircraft in a microstrip antenna mode and needs to have a beam coverage capacity of an upper half space for receiving satellite incoming wave signals. The common various antennas of each communication system of the aircraft are of independent structures, and the defects of large occupied space, high cost and poor electromagnetic compatibility exist. The common-caliber integrated design of multiple antenna functions can reduce the number of antennas, thereby reducing the number of windows on the surface of the aircraft, saving space and reducing cost. For common aperture integrated antenna, there is a common microstrip antenna in a laminated form, and this form can realize multiple functions through a pair of antennas, and the integration degree is higher. However, the isolation between antennas in different frequency bands is poor, and different beam directions required by different functions cannot be flexibly realized, especially for an aircraft measurement and control communication system requiring omni-directional beam coverage, a single microstrip antenna is difficult to realize. The measurement and control communication antennas adopting the microstrip form generally need to synthesize an omnidirectional pattern through double antennas, namely, one microstrip antenna is respectively arranged at the left side and the right side, and two antennas are fed simultaneously through a power divider, so that omnidirectional beam coverage can be formed, but the surface of an aircraft is too much windowed, the complexity of the system is improved, and at the moment, if other antennas such as navigation antennas are integrated on the measurement and control communication antennas at the left side and the right side of the aircraft, the required beam coverage of the upper half space is difficult to realize.
For measurement and control communication antennas, besides adopting a double microstrip antenna synthesis form, other common antennas capable of forming an omnidirectional pattern also have the structural forms of a half-wave oscillator, a monopole, an inverted F antenna and the like, but the antennas are difficult to perform conformal design, usually need to protrude out of the surface of an aircraft, the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft can be influenced, and the antenna form of the rod-shaped structure is not easy to integrate with antennas of other communication systems.
Therefore, for multimode multifunctional antennas with different beam directions and different frequency bands in various communication systems of aircrafts, a new form of integrated integration scheme is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna, and can solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common bore integration antenna, wherein, this antenna includes a dish cone, metal cavity, first feed joint, metal disc, a plurality of metal short-circuit post, second feed joint, microstrip antenna and connecting piece, a dish cone is as communication antenna, microstrip antenna is as navigation antenna, a dish cone inlay in the metal cavity and with the coaxial setting of bottom plate of metal cavity, first feed joint pass the bottom plate center of metal cavity with the lower extreme center of dish cone is connected, the metal disc sets up the upper end of dish cone and through a plurality of metal short-circuit post with the bottom plate of metal cavity is connected, a plurality of any one of metal short-circuit post is provided with the through-hole, the second feed joint sets up on the bottom plate of metal cavity and passes the through-hole is microstrip antenna feeds, microstrip antenna sets up on the metal disc and through connecting piece and a plurality of metal short-circuit post fixed connection.
Preferably, the microstrip antenna comprises a GPS L1 radiation patch, a Beidou B3 radiation patch, a coupling feed patch, a first layer of microwave dielectric plate, a second layer of microwave dielectric plate, a third layer of microwave dielectric plate, a fourth layer of microwave dielectric plate and a fifth layer of microwave dielectric plate which are arranged from top to bottom, wherein the GPS L1 radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the first layer of microwave dielectric plate, the Beidou B3 radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the third layer of microwave dielectric plate, and the coupling feed patch is arranged on the upper surface of the second layer of microwave dielectric plate.
Preferably, the antenna further comprises a metal layer, a feeder line and a metal probe, wherein the metal layer is arranged on the upper surface of the fourth-layer microwave dielectric plate and the lower surface of the fifth-layer microwave dielectric plate, and is in short-circuit connection through metal wrapping edges of the side walls of the fourth-layer microwave dielectric plate and the fifth-layer microwave dielectric plate, the feeder line is arranged on the lower surface of the fourth-layer microwave dielectric plate, the front end of the feeder line is connected with the coupling feed patch through the metal probe, and the tail end of the feeder line is connected with the second feed connector.
Preferably, the metal layer is a gold-plated copper layer.
Preferably, holes corresponding to cylindrical dielectric columns at welding points of the feeder lines are formed in the fifth-layer microwave dielectric plate.
Preferably, the discone cone is an inverted truncated cone with a large upper part and a small lower part.
Preferably, the feeder is a strip line.
Preferably, the connecting member is a screw.
Preferably, the diameter of the metal shorting post is greater than 6mm.
Preferably, the dielectric constant of the second layer of microwave dielectric plate is the same as the dielectric constant of the third layer of microwave dielectric plate, and the difference between the dielectric constant of the first layer of microwave dielectric plate and the dielectric constant of the second layer of microwave dielectric plate is greater than 3.
Through the technical scheme, the measurement and control communication antenna and the navigation antenna can be designed in a common-caliber integrated mode, the measurement and control communication antenna is in a discone antenna mode, the navigation antenna is in a microstrip antenna mode, the navigation antenna is arranged at the top of a metal disc of the discone antenna, the microstrip antenna at the top is fed through a short-circuit column via hole loaded by the discone antenna, the omnidirectional beam coverage and the normal beam coverage of the integrated antenna are realized under the condition that the surface current distribution of the discone antenna radiator is not influenced, the port isolation of the two antennas is improved, and the device has the characteristics of multi-mode multifunctional combination and compact structure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common aperture integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic layered diagram of a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the calculation results of different mode reflection coefficients and isolation of the multi-mode and multi-functional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5A-5H are gain patterns of a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna at different center frequency points according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details.
It should be noted here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a side view of a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna, wherein the antenna comprises a discone cone 1, a metal cavity 2, a first feed connector 3, a metal disc 4, a plurality of metal shorting posts 5, a second feed connector 7, a microstrip antenna 8 and a connecting piece 20, wherein the discone cone 1 is used as a communication antenna, the microstrip antenna 8 is used as a navigation antenna, the discone cone 1 is embedded in the metal cavity 2 and is coaxially arranged with the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2, the first feed connector 3 passes through the center of the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 and is connected with the center of the lower end of the discone cone 1, the metal disc 4 is arranged at the upper end of the discone cone 1 and is connected with the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 through a plurality of metal shorting posts 5, any one of the metal shorting posts 5 is provided with a through hole 6, the second feed connector 7 is arranged on the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 and passes through the through hole 6 and is fixedly connected with the microstrip antenna 8 through the metal shorting posts 4.
The height of the metal cavity 2 is larger than the section height of the discone cone 1 and the microstrip antenna 8, so that the buried installation and the increase of the wave-transmitting radome are facilitated in practical application.
Through the technical scheme, the measurement and control communication antenna and the navigation antenna can be designed in a common-caliber integrated manner, the measurement and control communication antenna is in a discone antenna mode, the navigation antenna is in a microstrip antenna mode, the navigation antenna is arranged at the top of a metal disc of the discone antenna (namely, a disc structure at the top of the discone antenna is used as a metal bottom plate and an installation carrier of the microstrip antenna, the multi-mode multi-functional antenna integrated design with different wave beam directions and different frequency bands is realized), the microstrip antenna at the top is fed through a short-circuit column via hole loaded by the discone antenna, and under the condition that the current distribution on the surface of the discone antenna radiator is not influenced, the omnidirectional wave beam coverage and the normal wave beam coverage of the integrated antenna are realized, the port isolation of the two antennas is improved, and the multi-mode multi-functional composite structure is characterized.
And through loading metal cavity and short-circuit post, also make the antenna easy buried in the inside of aircraft metal bulkhead when reducing discone antenna section size by a wide margin, can not outstanding aircraft surface and form the omnidirectional wave beam and cover, have the easy conformal characteristics of low section. In addition, the side wall of the metal cavity 2 can effectively reduce the section height of the discone antenna.
The metal cavity 2 may be a circular metal cavity, and the center of the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 may be provided with a hole adapted to the outer diameter of the first feed connector 3, so that the first feed connector 3 (a probe of the first feed connector) passes through the hole and is screwed with the center of the lower end of the discone cone 1.
For example, the number of the metal shorting posts 5 may be 4, and the periphery of the metal disc 4 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 through 4 metal shorting posts 5, so that the metal shorting posts can play a role in fixing the conical body and the loading disc, and simultaneously, the antenna section height can be further reduced.
Fig. 3 is a schematic layered diagram of a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the microstrip antenna 8 includes a GPS L1 radiation patch 9, a beidou B3 radiation patch 10, a coupling feed patch 11, and a first layer of microwave dielectric plate 12, a second layer of microwave dielectric plate 13, a third layer of microwave dielectric plate 14, a fourth layer of microwave dielectric plate 15, and a fifth layer of microwave dielectric plate 16 disposed from top to bottom, where the GPS L1 radiation patch 9 is disposed on an upper surface of the first layer of microwave dielectric plate 12, the beidou B3 radiation patch 10 is disposed on an upper surface of the third layer of microwave dielectric plate 14, and the coupling feed patch 11 is disposed on an upper surface of the second layer of microwave dielectric plate 13.
The fourth microwave dielectric plate 15 and the fifth microwave dielectric plate 16 are feed network layers.
Through setting up GPS L1 radiation patch 9, big dipper B3 radiation patch 10 and coupling feed patch 11, utilize the coupling feed patch to stimulate its upper strata and lower floor's radiation patch simultaneously, can produce big dipper B3, B1 and three mode of GPS L1, realize navigation antenna single port three mode performance. Therefore, through the microstrip laminated coupling feed design, the three-mode operation of the navigation antenna can be realized by using a single feed port, so that the number of ports is effectively reduced, and the complexity of a system is reduced.
The coupling feed patch 11 may be, for example, a circular coupling feed patch.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that although the microstrip antenna has been described above as being in the form of a plurality of layers, the invention is not so limited. Microstrip antennas, for example, in the form of a single layer are also suitable for use in the present invention. In addition, other shapes of radiating patches may be employed to further widen the beamwidth or increase the operating bandwidth.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the antenna further comprises a metal layer, a feed line 17 and a metal probe 18, wherein the metal layer is disposed on the upper surface of the fourth microwave dielectric plate 15 and the lower surface of the fifth microwave dielectric plate 16, and is in short-circuit connection through metal edges of the side walls of the fourth microwave dielectric plate 15 and the fifth microwave dielectric plate 16, the feed line 17 is disposed on the lower surface of the fourth microwave dielectric plate 15, and the front end of the feed line 17 is connected with the coupling feed patch 11 through the metal probe 18, and the tail end of the feed line 17 is connected with the second feed connector 7 (the probe of the second feed connector).
Through setting up the feeder, can adjust microstrip antenna feed position in a flexible way for microstrip antenna feed port can feed through the short-circuit post trompil, and then avoids trompil at the cone surface, influences the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of dish cone antenna.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the metal layer is a gold-plated copper layer.
That is, a copper layer may be formed by indicating copper plating on the upper surface of the fourth layer microwave dielectric plate 15 and under the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate 16, and then gold plating treatment may be performed on the formed copper layer to obtain a gold-plated copper layer, which serves as a metal ground of the power supply line 17.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate 16 is provided with holes corresponding to cylindrical dielectric pillars 19 at the solder joints of the feed lines 17.
Wherein the welding point of the feeder 17 and the second feeder connector is provided with a cylindrical dielectric column 19, and the welding point of the feeder 17 and the coupling feeder patch is also provided with a cylindrical dielectric column 19.
By providing holes corresponding to the cylindrical dielectric pillars 19, flatness of the upper and lower microwave dielectric plates at the time of lamination can be ensured.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the discone cone 1 is an inverted circular cone with a large top and a small bottom.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the feeder 17 is a strip line.
The metal ground (metal layer) of the upper layer and the lower layer of the strip line can effectively shield electromagnetic interference of the feeder line to the radiating patch of the navigation microstrip antenna and the radiating body of the discone antenna, and simultaneously, the independent adjustment of the antenna feeding part and the radiating part is convenient in design.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the connector 20 is a screw.
For example, the number of screws may be three, and may be M2.5 screws. The five-layer microwave board of the microstrip antenna 8 can be fixed with the metal shorting post of the discone cone 1 through three screws on the circumference.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the metal shorting post 5 is greater than 6mm.
Therefore, the hole matched with the outer diameter of the second feed connector is conveniently formed, and the microstrip antenna at the top is fed under the condition that the radiation performance of the discone antenna is not affected.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric plate 13 and the dielectric constant of the third microwave dielectric plate 14 are the same, and the difference between the dielectric constant of the first microwave dielectric plate 12 and the dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric plate 13 is greater than 3.
Therefore, good impedance matching of the navigation microstrip antenna under single-feed point multi-band operation can be realized.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the metal cavity 2 may be 118mm, the upper and lower radii of the discone cone 1 may be 45mm and 12mm, respectively, the cross-sectional height of the discone cone may be 8.5mm, the diameter of the metal disc 4 may be 84mm, the diameter of the four metal shorting posts 5 may be 9mm, the centers of the four shorting posts are arranged on the circumference with the radius of 34 mm.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the dielectric constant of the first microwave dielectric plate 12 may be 10 and the thickness may be 1mm. The size of the GPS L1 radiation patch 9 may be 32.4mm by 32.4mm, the chamfer size may be 2.6mm, and the four-sided tuning branch size may be 10mm by 2mm. The dielectric constants of the second microwave dielectric plate 13 and the third microwave dielectric plate 14 may be 6.15 and the thicknesses may be 1mm and 2mm, respectively. The radius of the coupling feed patch 11 may be 7mm, with the center of the coupling feed patch being 9.5mm from the center of the dielectric plate. The third layer of radiating patches 10 may have dimensions of 44.6mm by 44.6mm and may have cut angle dimensions of 3.6mm. The length of feeder 17 may be 24.5mm.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above description of dimensions is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a calculation result of different mode reflection coefficients and isolation of a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows return loss and port isolation of the antenna in four working modes of Beidou B3, beidou B1, GPS L1 and measurement and control communication. The solid line is the calculation result of the reflection coefficient of the four working modes of Beidou B3, B1, GPS L1 and measurement and control communication, and the dotted line is the calculation result of the isolation between ports.
Fig. 5A-5H are gain patterns of a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna at different center frequency points according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5A-5H show the gain patterns of the center frequency point in four working modes of the Beidou B3, the Beidou B1, the GPS L1 and the measurement and control communication. Fig. 5A is a gain pattern at the center frequency point f1 (phi=0° tangential plane) of the beidou B3, and fig. 5B is a gain pattern at the center frequency point f1 (phi=90° tangential plane) of the beidou B3; fig. 5C is a gain pattern at the center frequency point f2 of the beidou B1 (phi=0° tangential plane), and fig. 5D is a gain pattern at the center frequency point f2 of the beidou B1 (phi=90° tangential plane); fig. 5E is a gain pattern at the center frequency F3 (phi=0° tangential plane) of the GPS L1, and fig. 5F is a gain pattern at the center frequency F3 (phi=90° tangential plane) of the GPS L1; fig. 5G is a gain pattern of the center frequency point f4 (E-plane) in the measurement and control communication mode, and fig. 5H is a gain pattern of the center frequency point f4 (H-plane) in the measurement and control communication mode.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the upper half space is covered by the patterns under the center frequency point f1 of the beidou B3, the center frequency point f2 of the beidou B1 and the center frequency point f3 of the GPS L1, gains are all greater than 0dB within the range of phi=0° and phi=90° normal ±60° of the tangential plane, the omnidirectional coverage is satisfied by the pattern under the measurement and control communication center frequency point f4, the omnidirectional gain of the horizontal tangential plane is greater than-1.5 dB, the out-of-roundness of the pattern is better than 0.5dB, and the device has good upper half space and horizontal omnidirectional radiation characteristics.
From the above embodiment, the multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna has the following advantages:
(1) The microstrip navigation antenna and the discone communication antenna are combined to carry out common-caliber integrated design, the microstrip antenna arranged at the top of the disc is fed through the short-circuit column via hole loaded by the discone antenna, the design can improve the port isolation, the interference is reduced under the condition that the surface current distribution of the discone antenna radiator is not influenced, and the good omnidirectional beam coverage and normal beam coverage of the integrated antenna are realized, so that the structure is compact, and the multi-mode multifunctional combination is realized.
(2) The navigation antenna adopts a laminated microstrip antenna form, utilizes a middle layer circular coupling feed patch to simultaneously couple and excite radiation patches on the upper layer and the lower layer, and uses a single feed port to realize the three-mode operation of the navigation antenna, thereby effectively reducing the number of ports and the complexity of a system.
(3) The omnidirectional communication antenna adopts a discone antenna form, the section of the antenna is reduced through the loading cavity and the short-circuit column, the designed antenna radiator is positioned in the metal cavity, is convenient to be embedded in the interior of the metal bulkhead of the aircraft, can not protrude out of the surface of the aircraft to form omnidirectional wave beam coverage, and has the characteristic of low section and easy conformal.
In conclusion, the coaxial antenna realizes the communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna, integrates the discone antenna and the microstrip antenna, and has the advantage of compact structure. By loading the metal cavity and the short-circuit column, the section size of the discone antenna is greatly reduced, and the section height of the discone is only 0.06 lambda (lambda is the working wavelength corresponding to the frequency point of the measurement and control communication center). The navigation antenna adopts a microstrip laminated coupling feed design, and realizes three-mode navigation operation by a single port, so that the number of ports is effectively reduced, and the complexity of the system is reduced. The integrated navigation antenna feed point is arranged at the short-circuit column via hole loaded by the discone antenna, so that the isolation of two antenna ports can be improved, the isolation is better than 15dB, meanwhile, good omnidirectional beam coverage of the communication antenna can be realized, and the out-of-roundness of a directional pattern is less than 0.5dB. In addition, the integrated antenna can be embedded in the metal bulkhead of the aircraft, does not protrude out of the surface of the aircraft to form omnidirectional beam coverage, and is easy to conform to a carrier.
Features that are described and/or illustrated above with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.
The many features and advantages of the embodiments are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of the embodiments which fall within the true spirit and scope thereof. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the embodiments of the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope thereof.
The invention is not described in detail in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common bore integration antenna, its characterized in that, this antenna includes a discone cone (1), metal cavity (2), first feed joint (3), metal disc (4), a plurality of metal short circuit post (5), second feed joint (7), microstrip antenna (8) and connecting piece (20), discone cone (1) is as communication antenna, microstrip antenna (8) are as navigation antenna, discone cone (1) inlay in metal cavity (2) and with the coaxial setting of bottom plate of metal cavity (2), first feed joint (3) pass the bottom plate center of metal cavity (2) with the lower extreme center connection of discone cone (1), metal disc (4) set up in the upper end of discone cone (1) and through a plurality of metal short circuit post (5) with the bottom plate connection of metal cavity (2), any one of a plurality of metal short circuit post (5) is provided with through-hole (6), second feed joint (7) are passed in metal cavity (2) bottom plate (6) the feed is passed on the bottom plate (8), microstrip antenna (8) set up on metal disc (4) and pass through connecting piece (20) and a plurality of metal short-circuit post (5) fixed connection, metal cavity (2) are circular metal cavity, microstrip antenna (8) include GPS L1 radiation paster (9), big dipper B3 radiation paster (10), coupling feed paster (11) and top-down first layer microwave dielectric board (12), second floor microwave dielectric board (13), third layer microwave dielectric board (14), fourth layer microwave dielectric board (15) and fifth layer microwave dielectric board (16) that set up, GPS L1 radiation paster (9) set up the upper surface of first layer microwave dielectric board (12), big dipper B3 radiation paster (10) set up the upper surface of third layer microwave dielectric board (14), coupling feed paster (11) set up the upper surface of second floor microwave dielectric board (13), the dielectric constant of second floor microwave dielectric board (13) with the dielectric constant of third layer microwave dielectric board (14) is the same, the dielectric constant of second floor microwave dielectric board (13) is greater than the dielectric constant of third layer microwave dielectric board (13).
2. The antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a metal layer, a feed line (17) and a metal probe (18), wherein the metal layer is disposed on the upper surface of the fourth layer microwave dielectric plate (15) and the lower surface of the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate (16), and is in short-circuit connection through metal edges of the side walls of the fourth layer microwave dielectric plate (15) and the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate (16), the feed line (17) is disposed on the lower surface of the fourth layer microwave dielectric plate (15), and the front end of the feed line (17) is connected with the coupling feed patch (11) through the metal probe (18), and the tail end of the feed line (17) is connected with the second feed connector (7).
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the metal layer is a gold-plated copper layer.
4. An antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate (16) is provided with holes corresponding to cylindrical dielectric pillars (19) at the soldering points of the feed lines (17).
5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the discone cone (1) is an upside-down truncated cone with a large top and a small bottom.
6. An antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the feed line (17) is a strip line.
7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection (20) is a screw.
8. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the metal shorting post (5) is greater than 6mm.
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| CN113224520A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-06 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Transmit-receive common-aperture wide-angle-domain scanning satellite communication antenna array and aircraft with same |
| CN114171914B (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-24 | 河北晶禾电子技术股份有限公司 | Beidou antenna |
| CN114865324A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-05 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Small-sized transmitting-receiving common-caliber high-isolation high-temperature antenna |
| CN114914689B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2024-01-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Low-profile common-caliber dual-band circularly polarized microstrip antenna |
| CN116565544B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Polarization and wave beam reconfigurable patch array antenna adopting geometric phase preset technology |
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