WO2023105433A1 - Système d'alimentation en carburant pour moteur à allumage commandé - Google Patents

Système d'alimentation en carburant pour moteur à allumage commandé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023105433A1
WO2023105433A1 PCT/IB2022/061872 IB2022061872W WO2023105433A1 WO 2023105433 A1 WO2023105433 A1 WO 2023105433A1 IB 2022061872 W IB2022061872 W IB 2022061872W WO 2023105433 A1 WO2023105433 A1 WO 2023105433A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
methane
inj
injector
engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2022/061872
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrea GERINI
Nicola Rapetto
Andrea BIZZARRI
Davide BARBATI
Massimo Ferrera
Original Assignee
Fpt Industrial S.P.A.
Landi Renzo Spa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fpt Industrial S.P.A., Landi Renzo Spa filed Critical Fpt Industrial S.P.A.
Publication of WO2023105433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023105433A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0644—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0628—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/021—Engine temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0414—Air temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/08—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for idling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of spark ignition engines and in particular to fuel supply systems .
  • Hydromethane is a gaseous mixture composed of 10%-30% by volume of hydrogen and 70%-90% by volume of methane , mainly used in the automotive field as fuel .
  • the presence of hydrogen helps to improve engine combustion ef ficiency and reduce CO2 equivalent and NOx emissions into the atmosphere , as hydrogen is a clean energy source .
  • Both the methane gas and the hydrogen gas constituting hydromethane can be produced biologically or through synthesis processes , increasing the use of renewable energy sources and further contributing to the decarbonisation obj ectives of the automotive field .
  • hydromethane Given the properties of hydromethane , it was thought in the past to distribute methane with added hydrogen at about 10% by volume , to exploit the advantages of the mixture . This arti ficially generated hydromethane is generally referred to as "industrial hydromethane" .
  • the gas distribution system envisages a partial use of the methane gas networks to inj ect hydrogen and in this way be able to convey it from the point of production to the point of use .
  • Recent studies have demonstrated the compatibility of low pressure methane gas distribution networks up to hydrogen percentages of the order of 10- 15% (by volume ) .
  • the obj ect of the present invention is to propose a solution to the problems inherent in the use of hydromethane .
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to propose a methane and hydrogen inj ection system so that the hydromethane mixture is created directly on board the vehicle during its combustion .
  • each cylinder is associated with two inj ectors , a first inj ector of which is arranged to inj ect methane in gaseous form and a second inj ector arranged to inj ect hydrogen in gaseous form .
  • the two inj ectors are associated together so as to inj ect the respective species into a common inj ection channel , able to be operatively associated with the intake mani fold of the relative cylinder .
  • the common inj ection channel is a distinct and separate component from the intake mani fold, therefore , the mixing of methane and hydrogen takes place in the common channel . Furthermore , it is understood that the power supply to the engine is indirect , as the common duct is not connected directly with the engine head, but indirectly through the intake mani fold .
  • Each inj ector of the multi-species inj ector defines a development axis , so that the development axis of one inj ector is incident with the development axis of the other inj ector defining a Y configuration in combination with the common inj ection channel .
  • the common inj ection channel is made in a body which is in one piece with the casings of the two inj ectors defining a Y- shaped multi-species inj ection device .
  • the multi-species inj ection device can be associated directly with the relevant intake mani fold or via an optionally flexible extension .
  • an internal combustion engine comprises at least one multispecies inj ection device .
  • the multispecies inj ection device defines a containment plane and in which the containment plane is perpendicular to or incident with a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine when operatively associated with the internal combustion engine .
  • the multi-species inj ection system allows not only to simpli fy the assembly of the internal combustion engine , but also allows to limit the dimensions of the inj ection system .
  • the corresponding two or more multi-species inj ection systems share two rails for the distribution of the two fuels , preferably arranged parallel to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine .
  • the ratio between methane and hydrogen has varied over time as a function of some factors :
  • both gaseous species are inj ected simultaneously but with a ratio which varies over time .
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a multi-species injection device respectively according to a side view and according to a corresponding longitudinal section;
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a group of multispecies injectors according to the previous figures of an internal combustion engine
  • Fig. 4 shows a spark ignition engine implementing a device according to figures 1 - 3.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a multi-species injection MJ device according to the present invention.
  • it is configured for the injection of two different gaseous species .
  • It comprises a pair of injectors JI, J2 associated together so as to produce a hydromethane mixture directly on board the vehicle during its combustion.
  • the mixture produced is in no way stored for later use.
  • the mixture produced is injected directly into the intake manifold of a cylinder during its operation, in order to burn it.
  • an injector cannot be confused with a simple valve, as the injector is responsible for dosing the fuel over time, also making multiple injections in the same engine power cycle. Indeed, a simple valve does not have the characteristics to open and close as quickly as an injector.
  • the first injector JI is arranged to inject methane in gaseous form, while the second injector J2 is arranged to inject hydrogen in gaseous form.
  • each injector JI and J2 defines a development axis, respectively X and Y, so that the development axis of the first injector JI is incident with the development axis of the second injector J2, defining a configuration V-shaped .
  • the inj ectors define a Y-shaped configuration with the common inj ection channel CMC .
  • the angle between the X-axis and the Y-axis is between 10 ° and 90 ° .
  • the common channel CMC can have any shape . It is connected to inj ectors JI and J2 at the vertex defined by the point of incidence of straight lines X and Y . It can have a straight or curved shape . Preferably, it has a rectilinear shape and the relative development axis is the bi field of the angle identi fied by the intersection of the X and Y axes .
  • the development axis Z of the common channel CMC can coincide with the X axis or with the Y axis .
  • the Z axis of the common channel can also belong to the same plane or it can be incident with it .
  • the common inj ection channel is made in a body, which is in one piece with the casings of the two inj ectors .
  • the common inj ection channel of the multi-species inj ection device can be associated directly with the relative intake mani fold or by means of an optionally flexible extension .
  • the body of the device MJ comprises a first port R1 and a second port R2 intended to be connected to respective distribution rails of the two types .
  • the doors are perpendicular to the containment plane identi fied by the X and Y axes .
  • an internal combustion engine comprises at least one multispecies inj ection device . More speci fically, the X and Y axes of the multi-species inj ection device identi fy a containment plane which can be perpendicular to or incident with the crank shaft of the internal combustion engine when operatively associated with the engine itsel f .
  • the multi-species inj ection system allows not only to simpli fy the assembly of the internal combustion engine , but also allows to limit the dimensions of the inj ection system .
  • the corresponding two or more multi-species inj ection systems are arranged so that the relative planes identi fied by the X and Y axes are parallel to each other .
  • the hydromethane mixture is varied over time in relation to the operating conditions of the vehicle .
  • the addition of hydrogen depends on the quality of the methane .
  • Hydrogen is known to help improve combustion. It is also known that pure methane does not exist and that the presence of heavier hydrocarbons (e.g. ethane, propane) and/or inert gases (e.g. N2, CO2 ) can lead to variations in its resistance to detonation.
  • heavier hydrocarbons e.g. ethane, propane
  • inert gases e.g. N2, CO2
  • the percentage of hydrogen injected into the engine can vary in relation to the availability of the two species.
  • the ignition times can be suitably varied taking into account the different composition of the mixture entering the engine.
  • the management of the species injected into the engine is achieved by means of an ECU processing unit, which controls the internal combustion engine and its subsystems.
  • the processing unit is arranged and connected with each multi-species inj ector so as to be able to selectively and independently control the operation of the methane inj ector and the hydrogen inj ector .
  • Figure 3 shows a group of multi-species inj ectors according to the present invention interconnected by means of the duct R, generally referred to as the rail .
  • the rail Preferably, it houses two separate and parallel ducts to convey hydrogen and methane .
  • Two temperature sensors TS 1 and TS2 are associated with the rail to measure the temperature of the two fuel species for the purpose of regulating the combustion and mixing parameters of the same species immediately before the relative combustion .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'injection de méthane et d'hydrogène (MJ) comprenant un premier injecteur de méthane (J1), un second injecteur d'hydrogène (J2), un seul tuyau d'injection commun (CMC), les injecteurs étant associés entre eux de manière à produire un mélange de méthane et d'hydrogène à rapport de concentrations variable, ledit tuyau d'injection commun étant formé de manière à être relié fonctionnel à un collecteur d'admission d'un moteur à combustion interne à allumage commandé.
PCT/IB2022/061872 2021-12-09 2022-12-07 Système d'alimentation en carburant pour moteur à allumage commandé WO2023105433A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102021000030977 2021-12-09
IT102021000030977A IT202100030977A1 (it) 2021-12-09 2021-12-09 Sistema di alimentazione di un motore ad accensione comandata

Publications (1)

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WO2023105433A1 true WO2023105433A1 (fr) 2023-06-15

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WO (1) WO2023105433A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020002967A1 (en) * 2000-03-06 2002-01-10 Paul Marius A. Universal fuel injection system
US6382182B1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2002-05-07 Gfi Control Systems Inc. Fuel injector adaptor for conversion of single engines to dual fuel engines
US20040250797A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-16 Michael Shetley Hydrogen and liquid fuel injection system
US20070175459A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-02 Williams Rodger K Fuel control system and associated method
WO2008000095A1 (fr) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-03 The University Of British Columbia Injection simultanée de combustibles liquide et gazeux dans un moteur

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6382182B1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2002-05-07 Gfi Control Systems Inc. Fuel injector adaptor for conversion of single engines to dual fuel engines
US20020002967A1 (en) * 2000-03-06 2002-01-10 Paul Marius A. Universal fuel injection system
US20040250797A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-16 Michael Shetley Hydrogen and liquid fuel injection system
US20070175459A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-02 Williams Rodger K Fuel control system and associated method
WO2008000095A1 (fr) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-03 The University Of British Columbia Injection simultanée de combustibles liquide et gazeux dans un moteur

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Publication number Publication date
IT202100030977A1 (it) 2023-06-09

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