WO2023104631A1 - Vitre composite pour un système d'affichage tête haute à rayonnement à polarisation p - Google Patents

Vitre composite pour un système d'affichage tête haute à rayonnement à polarisation p Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023104631A1
WO2023104631A1 PCT/EP2022/084051 EP2022084051W WO2023104631A1 WO 2023104631 A1 WO2023104631 A1 WO 2023104631A1 EP 2022084051 W EP2022084051 W EP 2022084051W WO 2023104631 A1 WO2023104631 A1 WO 2023104631A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pane
coating
layer
laminated
silicon
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/084051
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Hagen
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to CN202280005691.7A priority Critical patent/CN117083542A/zh
Publication of WO2023104631A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023104631A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
    • G02B5/0825—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers the reflecting layers comprising dielectric materials only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B32B17/10385—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires for ohmic resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/225—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
    • C03C17/3429—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating
    • C03C17/3435—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating comprising a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/28—Interference filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/28—Other inorganic materials
    • C03C2217/281—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
    • C03C2218/365—Coating different sides of a glass substrate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite pane for a head-up display system and a projection arrangement for a head-up display system.
  • a head-up display is a display system that projects additional information in the form of images into the driver's field of vision.
  • the head-up display consists of a projector (imaging unit) and several optics modules for deflecting or mirroring (reflecting) an image onto a projection surface or reflection surface.
  • a composite pane in particular the windshield of the vehicle, usually serves as a projection surface. Although the image is projected onto the windshield, the human eye perceives it as floating distantly above the vehicle's hood.
  • Head-up displays can thus make a significant contribution to increasing traffic safety.
  • the image generated by the projector usually consists of polarized, in particular s-polarized, light radiation.
  • the s-polarized light strikes the laminated pane at a specific angle of incidence and is at least partially refracted into the laminated pane and reflected as s-polarized light into the driver's field of vision.
  • the reflected images are not displayed in true color or with unwanted reflections, so-called double images.
  • the angle of incidence of the s-polarized radiation is typically about 65%, which roughly corresponds to the Brewster's angle for an air-to-glass transition (57.2° for soda-lime glass).
  • the problem arises that the projector image is reflected at the two outer transitions from air to glass and from glass to air.
  • a slightly offset secondary image also appears, the so-called ghost image (“ghost”).
  • the problem is alleviated by placing the surfaces of the windshield at an angle to one another. This is done by using a wedge shaped Intermediate layer in the lamination of the windshield designed as a composite pane. This allows the main image and the ghost image to be superimposed.
  • HUD systems that make do with windshields without wedge foils.
  • the windshield has a reflection coating, in particular with metallic and dielectric layers, as a reflection surface for the p-polarized radiation.
  • HUD projection arrangements with a reflective coating are known from WO2019179682A1, WO2019179683A1, WO2019206493A1 and WO2021/104800 A1.
  • the reflection on the outside surface of the outer pane is weakened as a result of the radiation reflection on the reflective coating
  • the reflection on the inside surface of the inner pane in particular can appear as a weak but disturbing ghost image. Since high-frequency signals are not transmitted through the reflective coating, it is no longer possible to send and receive electromagnetic radiation inside a vehicle. Typically, one or two localized areas of the reflective coating are stripped.
  • WO2021/209201 A1 discloses a laminated pane comprising a HUD reflection layer that is suitable for reflecting p-polarized radiation.
  • the HUD reflection layer is arranged on the surface (II, III) of the outer pane or the inner pane facing the intermediate layer or inside the intermediate layer.
  • EP0844507A1 discloses a motor vehicle HUD system having two glass panels bonded together by an intermediate film. A polarization direction changing layer is arranged on the inner surface of the outside glass plate.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a composite pane for a head-up display system that improves the reflectivity for p-polarized radiation in the visible spectral range and is permeable to high-frequency signals.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a laminated pane according to claim 1 .
  • Preferred embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
  • the composite pane according to the invention for a head-up display (HUD) system has a first pane and a second pane, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the first disc has a first surface (I) and a second surface (II).
  • the second disc also has a first surface (III) and a second surface (IV).
  • the laminated pane has a HUD area and a first coating as well as a second coating, with the HUD area having the first coating and the second coating.
  • the first coating is arranged on the surface (III) of the second pane facing the intermediate layer and the second coating is arranged on the surface (IV) of the second pane facing away from the intermediate layer.
  • a refractive index of the first coating is at least 1.9.
  • the second coating comprises at least a first layer of a dielectric material with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.9 and a second layer of a dielectric material with a refractive index less than or equal to 1.6. Both coatings, both the first coating and the second coating, are intended to reflect p-polarized radiation.
  • a coating comprising a high-index layer and a low-index layer is particularly suitable with regard to high reflectivity for p-polarized light.
  • the p-polarized radiation is then reflected from the first coating and from the second coating.
  • the transmitted part of the radiation is reflected on the first coating in the laminated pane. Since the second pane is not very thick, the two reflected images overlap almost completely. This increases the intensity of the HUD display (projector image) resulting from the two reflections.
  • the second coating does not have to be applied over the entire surface (IV) of the second pane, but at least in the HUD area of the composite pane.
  • the first pane is characterized by a tint, which improves the visibility of the HUD display and in combination with the second pane, which has a smaller thickness than the first pane, the visibility of the HUD display can be further increased.
  • a laminated pane of this type has the particular advantage that it has reflective properties in the visible spectral range, in particular for p-polarized radiation.
  • the formation of undesirable reflections, the so-called ghost images is largely minimized and transmission of high-frequency signals is guaranteed over almost the entire surface of the laminated pane.
  • the composite pane has a first coating and a second coating for reflecting p-polarized radiation, the second pane having a small thickness and the two reflections being superimposed as far as possible. This effect is intensified by the tinting or coloring of the first pane.
  • the first coating and the second coating have exclusively dielectric layers.
  • the first coating and the second coating can be free of electrically conductive materials. This ensures very good transmission of electromagnetic radiation through the laminated pane. For legal reasons, too, it may be desirable for a composite pane, in particular a vehicle pane, to have no metallic layers.
  • the first coating comprises a dielectric layer based on silicon-zirconium mixed nitride, silicon nitride, silicon-titanium mixed nitride, silicon-hafnium mixed nitride and/or titanium oxide.
  • the first coating exclusively comprises a dielectric layer, in particular based on silicon-zirconium mixed nitride.
  • the first layer of the second coating comprises a dielectric layer based on silicon-zirconium mixed nitride, silicon nitride, silicon-titanium mixed nitride, silicon-hafnium mixed nitride or titanium oxide and the second layer of the second coating comprises a dielectric layer Based on a dielectric oxide, in particular silicon oxide (SiÜ2).
  • the second coating is preferably formed from only these two layers. It preferably has no further layers below or above one of the two layers.
  • the first layer and the second layer together comprise two or more layers having a different refractive index.
  • the refractive index is greater than or equal to 1.9 for each layer of the first, in particular high-index layer, and less than or equal to 1.6 for the second, in particular low-index layer.
  • the second coating is transparent with an average transmission of visible light (380 nm to 780 nm) of preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 85%.
  • the second coating can have a total material thickness of at most 200 nm (nanometers), preferably at most 185 nm.
  • the laminated pane is intended to separate the interior from the outside environment in a window opening of a vehicle.
  • the composite pane is preferably the windshield of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car or truck. From the perspective of a vehicle occupant, the second coating is arranged spatially in front of the first coating when looking through the second pane (inner pane).
  • a projector irradiates an area of the laminated pane where the radiation is reflected in the direction of the viewer (driver), creating a virtual image which the viewer perceives from behind the laminated pane.
  • the area of the laminated pane that can be irradiated by the projector is referred to as the HUD area.
  • the beam direction of the projector can be varied using optical elements (e.g. mirrors), especially vertically, in order to adapt the projection to the viewer's height.
  • P-polarized radiation is used to generate a HUD image. Since the angle of incidence of about 65°, which is typical for HUD projection arrangements, is relatively close to the Brewster angle for an air-glass transition (57.2°, soda-lime glass), p-polarized radiation is hardly reflected by pane surfaces, while s-polarized ones Radiation is reflected much more strongly. The reflection of the p-polarized radiation mainly takes place at the second coating.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a functional thermoplastic film, in particular a film with acoustically damping properties, a film reflecting infrared radiation, a film absorbing infrared radiation and/or a film absorbing UV radiation.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a belt filter film.
  • the intermediate layer has thermal radiation (total transmitted thermal radiation TTS) reducing properties.
  • the intermediate layer can be designed as a film with absorbing properties in the near infrared range (NIR).
  • NIR near infrared radiation
  • NIR is electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range of 780 nm to 3000 nm (nanometers). This minimizes heating inside rooms or vehicles and reduces the energy required to create a pleasant ambient climate for the person inside.
  • the intermediate layer can comprise a conductor system with a heating function, in particular a number of resistance wires as heating conductors.
  • At least one covering layer in particular an opaque covering print, is arranged on the interior-side surface (II) of the first pane in an edge region of the laminated pane.
  • the opaque cover layer can be arranged directly or indirectly on the pane surface.
  • the cover layer can at least partially overlap with the HUD area in the viewing direction of the laminated pane.
  • the opaque cover layer is arranged in an area of the pane in which the first and second coatings are also located, so that the cover layer, the first coating and the second coating overlap at least partially in the viewing direction of the laminated pane. Since the HUD projector is arranged in the interior of a vehicle when the laminated pane is installed, the light emitted by the HUD projector strikes the first coating or second coating and is reflected there. The reflected light is recognizable as an image for an observer located in the vehicle interior.
  • the opaque covering layer lies behind the first coating as viewed by the observer in the vehicle interior. As a result, the image located in the area of the first coating and the second coating has a good contrast.
  • the cover layer covers, for example, an adhesive bond or electrical connection elements of the laminated pane. As a result, an aesthetically good visual impression of the laminated pane is achieved.
  • the cover layer also serves as UV protection for e.g. adhesives in the edge area of the laminated pane.
  • the at least one opaque cover layer within the meaning of the invention is a layer that prevents the view through the laminated pane.
  • a transmission of at most 5%, preferably at most 2%, particularly preferably at most 1%, in particular at most 0.1%, of the light of the visible spectrum takes place through the opaque covering layer.
  • the covering layer can also be semi-transparent, at least in sections, for example as a dot grid, stripe grid or checkered grid.
  • the cover layer can also have a gradient, for example from an opaque cover to a semi-transparent cover.
  • the opaque covering layer is preferably printed onto the first pane (eg outer pane), in particular using the screen printing method. Screen printing processes for applying opaque cover layers to panes are known as such.
  • Such printed cover layers are also referred to as screen printing, black printing or black print and contain an opaque pigment, for example a black pigment.
  • black pigments are, for example, pigment black (carbon black), aniline black, bone black, iron oxide black, spinel black and graphite.
  • the opaque cover layer can be formed in the edge region of the laminated pane all the way around along the peripheral edge of the laminated pane, with the width of the opaque cover layer being able to vary.
  • the opaque cover layer is preferably widened at least in one area. This enlarged area of the opaque cover layer is used to display images emitted by the HUD projector.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is opaque in at least the edge area of the laminated pane.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably colored black in the section of the edge area.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be formed by a first and a second thermoplastic composite film, the first thermoplastic composite film being transparent and extending over the entire surface of the composite pane with the exception of the edge region.
  • the second thermoplastic composite film is opaque and colored black, for example, and extends at least, preferably exclusively, over the edge region of the composite pane.
  • an opaque, preferably black-colored film is arranged within the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the film extends at least over the edge area and preferably only over the edge area.
  • the film is based on polyethylene terephthalate, for example.
  • the edge area is preferably a strip-shaped area arranged along the lower edge.
  • the edge area thus extends from the left-hand side edge to the right-hand side edge and along the lower edge of the laminated pane.
  • the edge area can also extend in strips along the top edge from the left to the right side edge and/or along the left and/or the right side edge from the bottom edge to the top edge.
  • the edge area particularly preferably borders directly on the top, side and/or bottom edge.
  • the edge area can run in the form of a frame all the way around the laminated pane.
  • the edge area is not arranged within the area of the composite pane, which, for example, in the course of use as Windshield in a vehicle, is provided as a see-through area.
  • the width of the edge area is preferably from 10 cm to 50 cm. Within the meaning of the invention, “width” means the extent perpendicular to the direction of extent.
  • the HUD area of the laminated pane in particular as a windshield, is provided with the first coating and the second coating.
  • other areas of the laminated pane can also be provided with the first and second coating.
  • the laminated pane can be provided with the first and the second coating essentially over its entire surface, which can be preferred for manufacturing reasons.
  • At least 80% of the pane surface is provided with the first and second coating.
  • the first and second coating is applied to the entire surface of the pane with the exception of the peripheral edge area and optionally the local area.
  • the surrounding uncoated edge area has a width of 20 cm, for example.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention has a high reflectivity for p-polarized radiation in the spectral range from 450 nm to 650 nm (nanometers), which is relevant for HUD displays.
  • HUD projectors typically work with wavelengths of 473 nm, 550 nm and 630 nm (RGB). This achieves a high-intensity HUD image.
  • the projector is arranged on the interior side of the composite pane and irradiates the composite pane via the second (interior-side) surface of the second pane.
  • the light emitted by the HUD projector hits the HUD area and/or the cover layer and is reflected there.
  • the outside surface designates that surface which is intended to face the external environment in the installed position.
  • the surface on the interior side is that surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position.
  • the projector is aimed at and illuminates the HUD area and/or the cover layer to generate the HUD projection.
  • the radiation of the projector is predominantly p-polarized, ie has a p-polarized radiation component of more than 50%.
  • the p-polarized radiation component of the projector is preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 80% and particularly preferably at least 90%.
  • the radiation from the projector is essentially purely p-polarized, ie the p-polarized radiation component is 100% or deviates from it only insignificantly.
  • the specification of the direction of polarization relates to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the laminated pane, in particular the windshield.
  • P-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence.
  • S-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicular to the plane of incidence.
  • the plane of incidence is spanned by the incidence vector and the surface normal of the windshield in the geometric center of the irradiated area.
  • the radiation from the projector preferably strikes the windshield at an angle of incidence of 45° to 75°, in particular 60° to 70°.
  • the angle of incidence deviates from the Brewster angle by at most 10°.
  • the angle of incidence is the angle between the incidence vector of the projector radiation and the interior surface normal (i.e. the surface normal to the interior external surface of the windshield) at the geometric center of the HUD area.
  • the Brewster angle for an air-to-glass transition in the case of soda-lime glass, which is common for window panes, is 57.2°.
  • the angle of incidence should be as close as possible to this Brewster angle.
  • angles of incidence of 65° can also be used, for example, which are customary for HUD projection arrangements, can be implemented without problems in vehicles and deviate only slightly from the Brewster angle, so that the reflection of the p-polarized radiation increases only insignificantly.
  • thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably not designed in the manner of a wedge, but has an essentially constant thickness, in particular also in the vertical course between the upper edge and the lower edge of the windshield, just like the first pane and the second pane.
  • the laminated pane has a peripheral edge, which particularly preferably comprises an upper edge and a lower edge as well as two side edges running in between, with a left and a right side edge.
  • the upper edge designates that edge which is intended to point upwards in the installation position of the laminated pane.
  • the lower edge designates that edge which is intended for this in the installation position to show below.
  • the upper edge is often referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge as the engine edge.
  • the intermediate layer is typically formed from at least one thermoplastic film. Since standard foils are significantly cheaper than wedge foils, the production of the windshield is made cheaper.
  • the first pane and the second pane are preferably made of glass, in particular soda-lime glass, which is common for window panes.
  • the panes can also be made of other types of glass (for example borosilicate glass, quartz glass, aluminosilicate glass) or transparent plastics (for example polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate).
  • the thickness of the first pane as the outer pane and the second pane as the inner pane can vary widely.
  • Discs with a thickness in the range from 0.8 mm to 5 mm, preferably from 1.1 mm to 2.5 mm, are preferably used, for example those with the standard thicknesses of 1.6 mm or 2.1 mm, with the second disc having a Has a thickness of less than or equal to 1.6 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1.4 mm, particularly preferably 1.1 mm.
  • the second pane and the thermoplastic interlayer can be clear and colorless.
  • the total transmission through the laminated pane as a windshield (including the reflective coating) is greater than 70%.
  • the term total transmission refers to the procedure specified by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, Section 9.1 for testing the light transmittance of motor vehicle windows.
  • the first sheave and the second sheave may be independently unbiased, partially biased, or biased. If at least one of the panes is to have a prestress, this can be a thermal or chemical prestress.
  • the first pane is tinted or colored.
  • green or blue colored glass can be used as the first pane (outer pane).
  • tinted glass panels are also known as TSANx, TSA3+ glass panels.
  • the outer pane in this case the first pane should preferably have a light transmission of at least 80%, particularly preferably 80% at least 85%.
  • the second pane and the intermediate layer are preferably clear, ie not tinted or colored.
  • the laminated pane is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, as is customary for motor vehicle panes, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m.
  • the composite pane can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB.
  • the intermediate layer is typically formed from a thermoplastic film.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by one or more thermoplastic foils arranged one on top of the other, the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer after lamination of the layer stack preferably being from 0.25 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be formed from a film which is colored in certain areas and is therefore opaque.
  • the intermediate layer can also be formed from more than one film, with the at least two films extending over different areas of the surface of the laminated pane.
  • the laminated pane can be manufactured by methods known per se.
  • the first pane and the second pane are laminated together via the intermediate layer, for example by autoclave processes, vacuum bag processes, vacuum ring processes, calendering processes, vacuum laminators, or combinations thereof.
  • the connection of the first pane (outer pane) and the second pane (inner pane) usually takes place under the action of heat, vacuum and/or pressure.
  • the first coating and the second coating are preferably deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) on a disc surface, more preferably by sputtering ("sputtering"), most preferably by magnetic field-enhanced cathode sputtering (“magnetron sputtering”) or by chemical deposition methods, especially at atmospheric pressure .
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the coatings are preferably applied prior to lamination. If something is designed “on the basis” of a polymeric material, the majority of it, ie at least 50%, preferably at least 60% and in particular at least 70%, consists of this material. It can also contain other materials such as stabilizers or plasticizers.
  • the invention also includes a vehicle, preferably a road vehicle, in particular a passenger car, which is equipped with a laminated pane according to the invention.
  • a vehicle preferably a road vehicle, in particular a passenger car, which is equipped with a laminated pane according to the invention.
  • the invention also includes a projection arrangement for a head-up display system, the projection arrangement comprising the composite pane according to the invention and a projector, the projector being aimed at the HUD area of the composite pane, the second surface (IV) of the second pane being Irradiation is provided by the projector and the radiation of the projector is predominantly p-polarized.
  • the composite pane is arranged relative to the projector in such a way that the second surface (IV) of the second pane is the surface of the composite pane closest to the projector.
  • the p-polarized radiation is reflected in the HUD area in the direction of an observer, as a result of which a virtual HUD display is generated which the observer perceives from behind the laminated pane or on the cover layer.
  • the beam direction of the projector can typically be varied using mirrors, particularly vertically, in order to adapt the projection to the viewer's height.
  • the area in which the viewer's eyes must be located for a given mirror position is referred to as the eyebox window.
  • This eyebox window can be moved vertically by adjusting the mirrors, with the entire area that is accessible as a result (ie the superimposition of all possible eyebox windows) being referred to as the eyebox.
  • a viewer located within the eyebox can perceive the virtual image. Of course, this means that the viewer's eyes must be inside the eyebox, not the entire body.
  • the projector is preferably a liquid crystal (LCD) display, thin film transistor (TFT) display, light emitting diode (LED) display, organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, electroluminescent (EL) display or microLED display.
  • LCD liquid crystal
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • LED light emitting diode
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • EL electroluminescent
  • the invention extends to the use of the projection arrangement according to the invention in vehicles for traffic on land, in the air or towards water, in particular in motor vehicles.
  • the use of the laminated pane as a vehicle windshield is preferred.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a composite pane of a generic projection arrangement
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section through the laminated pane
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through an embodiment of a first coating and a second coating
  • FIG. 5 shows a reflection spectrum of the laminated pane according to the invention in relation to p-polarized radiation.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a laminated pane 10 with an upper edge O, a lower edge U and a so-called HUD area B.
  • the HUD area can be located in the lower region near the lower edge of the laminated pane 10 .
  • a peripheral edge area of the laminated pane 10 there can also be a frame-shaped peripheral opaque covering layer.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a generic projection arrangement for a HUD system.
  • the projection arrangement includes a composite pane 10, which is a windshield Passenger car is trained.
  • the laminated pane 10 separates an interior of the passenger vehicle from an external environment.
  • the projection arrangement has a projector 4 which is directed onto an area of the laminated pane 10 .
  • This area is commonly referred to as HUD Area B. Images generated by the projector 4 can be projected in this area, which are perceived by a viewer 5 (eg vehicle driver) as virtual images on the side of the laminated pane 10 facing away from him when his eyes are inside the so-called eyebox E.
  • a viewer 5 eg vehicle driver
  • the laminated pane 10 is made up of a first pane 1 as the outer pane and a second pane 2 as the inner pane of the passenger car, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 . Its lower edge U is arranged downwards towards the engine of the passenger car, its upper edge O upwards towards the roof. In the installed position, the first pane 1 faces the outside environment, and the second pane 2 faces the vehicle interior.
  • the composite pane 10 may have any suitable geometric shape and/or curvature. As a windshield, it typically has a convex curvature.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a cross section of a first embodiment of a laminated pane 10 according to the invention.
  • the first pane 1 has an outside surface I, which faces the outside environment in the installed position, and an inside surface II, which faces the interior in the installed position.
  • the laminated pane 10 comprises the second pane 2, which has an outside surface III and an inside surface IV.
  • the surface III faces the external environment in the installed position.
  • the surface IV faces the external environment in the installed position.
  • the first pane 1 as the outer pane in the installed state and the second pane 2 as the inner pane consist, for example, of soda-lime glass.
  • the first pane 1 has a thickness of 2.1 mm, for example.
  • the second pane 2 has a thickness of 1.6 mm and is therefore significantly thinner than the inner panes usually used in windshields.
  • the thickness of the second pane (2) can be 1.4 mm or 1.1 mm.
  • the reduction in the thickness of the second pane 2, ie the inner pane in the installed state of a vehicle is accompanied by an adjustment of the first reflection to the second reflection. This means that the image that is created on the second surface IV of the second pane 2 moves closer to the image resulting from the second reflection.
  • the first pane 1 has at least one tint. Due to the tinting of the first pane 1, a good HUD display (projector image) with high contrast is possible.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is formed, for example, from a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm.
  • the PVB sheet has a substantially constant thickness apart from any surface roughness common in the art.
  • the PVB film can be designed with absorbing properties in the NIR range.
  • the first (outside) surface III of the second pane 2 is provided with a first coating 20 according to the invention, which has a refractive index of at least 1.9.
  • the first coating 20 comprises a layer of an optically highly refractive material.
  • the optically high-index layer of the first coating 20 is preferably based on silicon nitride, silicon-metal mixed nitrides such as silicon zirconium nitride (SiZrNx), silicon-titanium mixed nitride or silicon-hafnium mixed nitride.
  • the layer thickness of the optically high-index layer should preferably be 20 nm to 80 nm, particularly preferably 30 nm.
  • the second (inside) surface IV of the second pane 2 is provided with a second coating 30 according to the invention.
  • the first coating 20 according to the invention and the second coating 30 are optimized for the reflection of p-polarized radiation. They serve as reflection surfaces for the radiation of the projector 4 to generate the HUD projection. A first reflection takes place at the first coating 20 . However, since the angle of incidence of the projector radiation deviates slightly from the Brewster angle, a second reflection of the projector radiation also takes place at the air-glass transitions, which leads to the formation of a second image.
  • the second image which is generated by the second reflection on the interior surface IV of the pane 2
  • the first image which is generated by the first reflection on the first coating 20, due to the very small thickness of the second pane 2 , overlay. Since the intensity of the reflected radiation (in contrast to the reflection on the outside surface 1 of the outer pane 1) is not already weakened by passing through the first coating 20 and the second coating 30, the first image increases the visibility of the second image.
  • the first coating 20 and the second coating 30 are arranged in front of the tinted first pane 1 (outer pane).
  • the first and second coating 20, 30 are irradiated with p-polarized light from the projector 4
  • p-polarized light from the projector 4 is produced.
  • the radiation from the projector 4 is essentially p-polarized. Since the projector 4 irradiates the laminated pane 10 at an angle of incidence of approximately 65° to 75°, which is close to what is known as the Brewster angle, the radiation from the projector is reflected only insignificantly on the first (outside) surface I of the laminated pane 10 .
  • the projector 4 is a display, for example, in this case an LCD display. It would also be possible, for example, for the composite pane 10 to be a roof pane, side pane or rear pane.
  • the p-polarized radiation is light waves within the wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm that can be visually perceived by humans
  • Figure 4 shows the layer sequence of an exemplary embodiment of the second coating 30.
  • the second coating 30 has a first layer of a dielectric material 30.1 with a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.9 and a second layer of a dielectric material 30.2 with a refractive index less than or equal to 1. 6 on.
  • the first layer of the second coating 30 has a dielectric material 30.1 based on silicon nitride, silicon-metal mixed nitrides such as silicon zirconium nitride (SiZrNx), silicon-titanium mixed nitride or silicon-hafnium mixed nitride.
  • the second layer 30.2 of the second coating 3 has a dielectric material 30.2 based on silicon oxide (SiCh).
  • the second layer 30.2 is an optically low-index layer.
  • the layer thicknesses of the dielectric layers of the second coating should preferably be 50 nm to 200 nm, particularly preferably 70 nm to 115 nm.
  • the first layer 30.1 and the second layer 30.2. of the second coating 30 are arranged congruently one above the other, the first layer 30.1 being applied to the second surface IV of the second pane 2 and the second layer 30.2 to the first layer 30.1.
  • the interior-side surface IV of the second pane 2 is, according to the invention, on the contrary provided with a reflection-increasing coating 30, which increases the overall reflectivity the second surface IV increased.
  • the TTS value of the laminated pane can be improved by up to 3%, i.e. reduced, by additional absorption of the heat radiation at the intermediate layer 3 . This result was unexpected and surprising for those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 5 shows a reflection spectrum of the laminated pane 10 with a layer structure according to Table 1.
  • the reflection spectrum was recorded with a light source that emits p-polarized radiation of uniform intensity in the spectral range under consideration, when viewed over the second pane 2 (the so-called interior-side reflection over the inner pane) at an angle of incidence of 65° to the interior-side surface normal.
  • the laminated pane 10 according to the invention although it has no metallic layer, offers quite good reflectivity in the optical range.
  • the two coatings 20, 30 bring about high reflectivity with respect to p-polarized radiation, particularly in the spectral range from 400 nm to 780 nm.
  • Table 2 shows a comparative example of a laminated pane of the generic type which does not have the features according to the invention. Table 2:
  • TTS value (a measure of the total thermal radiation transmitted through the pane) light transmission according to illuminant A: TL A, light reflection according to illuminant A: RL A, color values a*g and b*g
  • An essential advantage of the composite pane 10 according to the invention is that high-frequency signals can penetrate the composite pane and at the same time the reflectivity with regard to HUD displays is improved. At the same time, the reflection color on the outside is relatively neutral (bluish/green tinge), so that the laminated pane does not have an unpleasant color tinge (e.g. reddish tinge).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une vitre composite pour un système d'affichage tête haute, comprenant au moins : - un premier revêtement (20) sur la surface (III) d'une seconde vitre (2) de la vitre composite, ladite surface faisant face à la couche intermédiaire (3), - un second revêtement (30) sur la surface (IV) de la seconde vitre (2), ladite surface étant opposée à la couche intermédiaire (3), - une région HUD (B) comprenant le premier revêtement (20) et le second revêtement (30), le premier revêtement (20) et le second revêtement (30) étant prévus pour réfléchir un rayonnement polarisé p, un indice de réfraction du premier revêtement étant d'au moins 1,9, le second revêtement (30) comprenant au moins une première couche (30.1) d'un matériau diélectrique ayant un indice de réfraction supérieur ou égal à 1,9 et une seconde couche (30.2) d'un matériau diélectrique ayant un indice de réfraction inférieur ou égal à 1,6, et la seconde vitre (2) ayant une épaisseur inférieure à celle de la première vitre (1) de la vitre composite.
PCT/EP2022/084051 2021-12-07 2022-12-01 Vitre composite pour un système d'affichage tête haute à rayonnement à polarisation p WO2023104631A1 (fr)

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CN202280005691.7A CN117083542A (zh) 2021-12-07 2022-12-01 用于具有p偏振辐射的平视显示系统的复合玻璃板

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EP21212772 2021-12-07

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0844507A1 (fr) 1996-11-20 1998-05-27 Central Glass Company, Limited Dispositif d'affichage
CN102795793A (zh) * 2012-09-11 2012-11-28 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 一种可电加热的低辐射镀膜夹层玻璃
WO2019179683A1 (fr) 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Ensemble de projection pour affichage tête haute (hud) doté de fractions de rayonnement polarisés p
WO2019179682A1 (fr) 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Verre feuilleté destiné à un affichage tête haute et doté d'un revêtement électroconducteur et d'un revêtement antireflet
WO2019206493A1 (fr) 2018-04-26 2019-10-31 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitre feuilletée comprenant un revêtement électriquement conducteur et revêtement antireflet
WO2021104800A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2021-06-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Ensemble de projection pour un affichage tête haute (hud), avec un rayonnement à polarisation en p
CN113071165A (zh) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-06 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 抬头显示玻璃和抬头显示系统
WO2021145387A1 (fr) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-22 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Système d'affichage tête haute
WO2021209201A1 (fr) 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 Saint-Gobain Glass France Ensemble de projection pour un affichage tête haute (hud) avec un rayonnement à polarisation en p

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0844507A1 (fr) 1996-11-20 1998-05-27 Central Glass Company, Limited Dispositif d'affichage
CN102795793A (zh) * 2012-09-11 2012-11-28 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 一种可电加热的低辐射镀膜夹层玻璃
WO2019179683A1 (fr) 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Ensemble de projection pour affichage tête haute (hud) doté de fractions de rayonnement polarisés p
WO2019179682A1 (fr) 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Verre feuilleté destiné à un affichage tête haute et doté d'un revêtement électroconducteur et d'un revêtement antireflet
WO2019206493A1 (fr) 2018-04-26 2019-10-31 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitre feuilletée comprenant un revêtement électriquement conducteur et revêtement antireflet
WO2021104800A1 (fr) 2019-11-28 2021-06-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Ensemble de projection pour un affichage tête haute (hud), avec un rayonnement à polarisation en p
WO2021145387A1 (fr) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-22 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Système d'affichage tête haute
WO2021209201A1 (fr) 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 Saint-Gobain Glass France Ensemble de projection pour un affichage tête haute (hud) avec un rayonnement à polarisation en p
CN113071165A (zh) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-06 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 抬头显示玻璃和抬头显示系统

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