WO2023103892A1 - 一种空气弹簧气囊及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种空气弹簧气囊及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103892A1
WO2023103892A1 PCT/CN2022/136064 CN2022136064W WO2023103892A1 WO 2023103892 A1 WO2023103892 A1 WO 2023103892A1 CN 2022136064 W CN2022136064 W CN 2022136064W WO 2023103892 A1 WO2023103892 A1 WO 2023103892A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
airbag
layer
air spring
elastic
optionally
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/136064
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱熠
滕腾
张松峰
孙琦岳
黄忆南
王泽庆
麻文涛
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中国第一汽车股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023103892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103892A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
    • B29D22/02—Inflatable articles
    • B29D22/023—Air springs; Air bellows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of airbags, in particular to an air spring airbag and its preparation method and application.
  • CN101137714B discloses a polyetherester thermoplastic elastomer resin composition having excellent flexural elasticity and durability and flexural elasticity in the range of 2500 to 4600kgf/ cm2 , said polyetherester thermoplastic elastomer resin composition Containing 10 to 70% by weight of a low-hardness polyetherester block copolymer with a Shore hardness not greater than 40D, 15 to 55% by weight of a high-hardness polyetherester block copolymer with a Shore hardness not less than 50D, and 15 to 50% by weight 35% by weight polybutylene terephthalate.
  • the polyetherester thermoplastic elastomer resin composition disclosed therein has excellent durability, processability, easy formability and scratch resistance as well as satisfactory flexibility and mechanical properties, especially flexural elasticity.
  • the polyetherester thermoplastic elastomer resin composition disclosed therein has advantages such as excellent spreading properties and horn workability when it is used to manufacture covers for air bags for automobiles.
  • CN112358667A discloses a rubber composition and its preparation method and application.
  • the rubber composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 80-99 parts by weight of mercaptan-adjusted neoprene rubber, 9-11 parts by weight of vulcanizing agent, supplement 19-36 parts by weight of strong agent, 15-25 parts by weight of softener, 3-5 parts by weight of main anti-aging agent and 2-4 parts by weight of auxiliary anti-aging agent;
  • the main anti-aging agent and the auxiliary anti-aging agent can make the rubber composition not only have excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, but also have excellent aging properties in the range of a specific addition amount, which can meet the long-term requirements of air spring airbags for passenger cars. The use of high reliability and long life requirements.
  • the airbag is generally made of rubber airbag, which has problems such as short life, easy aging, and poor fatigue performance. Moreover, the rubber needs to be mixed and vulcanized. The process is difficult and cumbersome. The cycle is long, the efficiency is low, and the cost is high. Low rubber strength makes it difficult to extrude large-diameter thin-walled airbags.
  • the rubber and reinforced cord are first calendered into a rubber cloth, and then the rubber cloth is wound into shape. The forming is difficult, the product precision is low, the processing is difficult, and it is difficult to realize automatic production.
  • the wall of the airbag Thickness uniformity and molding consistency are difficult to guarantee, and product quality is difficult to control.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide an air spring airbag and its preparation method and application.
  • the air spring airbag can adopt a continuous production process, the method is simple and easy to operate, the production efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, and the product Long service life, excellent performance and processing performance.
  • the present application provides an air spring airbag
  • the air spring airbag comprises an inner elastic layer of the airbag, at least one reinforcement layer of the airbag and an outer elastic layer of the airbag from the inside to the outside;
  • the materials of the elastic inner layer of the airbag and the outer elastic layer of the airbag are thermoplastic polyester elastomers with a Shore D hardness of 50-70 (such as 55, 60, 65, etc.).
  • the air spring airbag described in this application is composed of a thermoplastic elastomer and a reinforcing layer.
  • the Shore D hardness is 50-70, which is suitable for thin-wall extrusion molding.
  • the formed air spring airbag has good mechanical properties, excellent resistance to high and low temperature and aging Performance and fatigue durability for long-term use, while the product has good appearance quality.
  • the outer diameter of the air spring airbag is 80-120mm, such as 90mm, 100mm, 110mm and so on.
  • the wall thickness of the air spring airbag is 2-3mm, such as 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm and so on.
  • the elastic inner layer of the airbag has a thickness of 1.0-1.5mm, such as 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm and so on.
  • the airbag reinforcement layer is a reinforcement cord.
  • the reinforcing cord has 1-2 layers, such as 1 layer, such as 2 layers.
  • the reinforcing cords include polyester cords and/or polyamide cords.
  • the reinforcing wire has a diameter of 0.3-0.6mm, such as 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm and so on.
  • the thickness of the elastic outer layer of the airbag is 0.3-1.0mm, such as 0.4mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm and so on.
  • the present application provides a method for preparing the air spring airbag described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 extruding the thermoplastic polyester elastomer to form the inner layer of the airbag elastomer
  • Step 2 setting an airbag reinforcing layer on the inner surface of the elastic inner layer of the airbag
  • Step 3 extruding thermoplastic polyester elastomer on the surface of the airbag reinforcing layer to form the outer layer of the airbag elastic, and obtaining the air spring airbag.
  • the air spring airbag described in this application uses thermoplastic polyester elastomer instead of rubber material, and is formed by continuous extrusion process, without complex processes such as mixing, calendering, single airbag forming, vulcanization, etc., high production efficiency, low energy consumption, and realization Continuous automatic production, good product consistency, stable quality and low production cost.
  • step 1 drying the thermoplastic polyester elastomer is also included before the extrusion molding.
  • the extrusion temperature of the extrusion molding is 205-245°C (such as 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, etc.), and the screw speed is 15-80rpm (such as 20rpm, 30rpm, 40rpm, 50rpm, 60rpm, 70rpm, etc.), the traction speed is 5-15m/min (such as 6m/min, 8m/min, 10m/min, 12m/min, 14m/min, etc.).
  • step 2 the method of setting the reinforcement layer of the airbag is: firstly, the reinforcement cord is impregnated with an adhesive, and then the reinforcement cord is wound in a single or double layer on the inner surface of the elastic inner layer of the airbag to form an airbag reinforcement layer. layer.
  • the extrusion temperature of the extrusion molding is 205-245°C (such as 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, etc.), and the screw speed is 20-90rpm (such as 30rpm, 40rpm, 50rpm, 60rpm, 70rpm, 80rpm, etc.), the traction speed is 5-20m/min (such as 6m/min, 8m/min, 10m/min, 12m/min, 14m/min, 16m/min, 18m/min, etc.).
  • cooling and cutting are also included after forming the elastic outer layer of the airbag.
  • the present application provides an application of the air spring airbag described in the first aspect in an automobile.
  • the air spring airbag described in the present application can adopt a continuous production process, the method is simple and easy to operate, the service life of the product is long, and it has excellent use performance and processing performance.
  • the air spring airbag stand described in this application has a service life of more than 21.9 million times, a burst strength of more than 3.05 MPa, and can be used for a long time between -40°C and 120°C.
  • the present embodiment provides an air spring airbag, which includes an elastic inner layer of the airbag, a single-layer reinforced layer of the airbag and an outer elastic layer of the airbag from the inside to the outside.
  • the outer diameter of the air spring air bag is 90mm, and the length is 400mm.
  • the material of the elastic inner layer of the airbag and the outer layer of the elastic elastic layer of the airbag is thermoplastic polyester elastomer with a Shore D hardness of 60, purchased from DuPont Company, and the brand name is Hytrel HTR8241.
  • the thickness of the elastic inner layer of the airbag is 1.0 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer is 0.5 mm.
  • the airbag reinforcement layer is a reinforcing wire rope (polyester wire rope, purchased from Yadong Industrial Suzhou Co., Ltd., specification 1000D/2), which is impregnated with adhesive RFL impregnation solution, with a diameter of 0.5mm, and single-layer winding molding .
  • the preparation method of above-mentioned air spring airbag comprises the steps:
  • thermoplastic polyester elastomer dry the thermoplastic polyester elastomer at 110°C for 4 hours in a dehumidifying oven;
  • thermoplastic polyester elastomer on the surface of the airbag reinforcement layer.
  • the specific process parameters are: the extrusion temperature is 220°C, the screw speed is 70rpm, and the traction speed is 10m/min to form the outer layer of the airbag elastomer;
  • step 4 Cut and dry the product obtained in step 4 after cooling, and pack to obtain the air spring airbag.
  • the present embodiment provides an air spring airbag, which includes an elastic inner layer of the airbag, a single-layer reinforced layer of the airbag and an outer elastic layer of the airbag from the inside to the outside.
  • the outer diameter of the air spring air bag is 94mm, and the length is 400mm.
  • the material of the elastic inner layer of the airbag and the outer layer of the elastic elastic layer of the airbag is thermoplastic polyester elastomer with a Shore D hardness of 54, purchased from DSM, and the brand name is EM550.
  • the thickness of the elastic inner layer of the airbag is 1.2mm, and the thickness of the outer layer is 0.5mm.
  • the airbag reinforcement layer is a reinforcement cord (nylon 66, purchased from Shenma Industrial Co., Ltd., specification: 930dtex/2), which is impregnated with adhesive RFL impregnation solution, with a diameter of 0.35 mm, and double-layered winding.
  • the preparation method of above-mentioned air spring airbag comprises the steps:
  • thermoplastic polyester elastomer dry the thermoplastic polyester elastomer at 110°C for 6 hours in a dehumidifying oven;
  • Double-layer winding molding wherein the first layer of cords is wound at a winding angle of 40° on the inner surface of the airbag elastomer relative to the extrusion direction, and the second layer of cords is wound on the inner surface of the airbag elastic relative to the extrusion direction.
  • the angle is -40° for winding to form a double-layer cord reinforcement layer for the airbag, and the angle between the double-layer cords is 80°;
  • thermoplastic polyester elastomer on the surface of the airbag reinforcement layer.
  • the specific process parameters are: the extrusion temperature is 205°C, the screw speed is 20rpm, and the traction speed is 5m/min to form the outer layer of the airbag elastomer;
  • step 4 Cut and dry the product obtained in step 4 after cooling, and pack to obtain the air spring airbag.
  • the present embodiment provides an air spring airbag, which includes an elastic inner layer of the airbag, a single-layer reinforced layer of the airbag and an outer elastic layer of the airbag from the inside to the outside.
  • the outer diameter of the air spring air bag is 120mm, and the length is 400mm.
  • the material of the elastic inner layer of the airbag and the outer layer of the elastic elastic layer of the airbag is thermoplastic polyester elastomer with a Shore D hardness of 60, purchased from DuPont Company, and the brand name is Hytrel HTR8241.
  • the thickness of the elastic inner layer of the airbag is 1.1 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer is 0.6 mm.
  • the airbag reinforcing layer is a reinforcing thread (nylon 66, purchased from Shenma Industrial Co., Ltd., specification 930dtex/2), impregnated with adhesive RFL dipping solution, with a diameter of 0.4 mm, and single-layer winding.
  • the preparation method of above-mentioned air spring airbag comprises the steps:
  • thermoplastic polyester elastomer dry the thermoplastic polyester elastomer at 110°C for 4 hours in a dehumidifying oven;
  • the specific process parameters are: the extrusion temperature is 245°C, the screw speed is 80rpm, and the traction speed is 15m/min to form the inner layer of the airbag elastomer;
  • thermoplastic polyester elastomer on the surface of the airbag reinforcement layer.
  • the specific process parameters are: the extrusion temperature is 245°C, the screw speed is 90rpm, and the traction speed is 20m/min to form the outer layer of the airbag elastomer;
  • step 4 Cut and dry the product obtained in step 4 after cooling, and pack to obtain the air spring airbag.
  • embodiment 4-7 The difference between embodiment 4-7 and embodiment 2 is that the thickness of the elastic inner layer of the airbag is respectively 1.0mm (embodiment 4), 1.5mm (embodiment 5), 0.8mm (embodiment 6), 1.8mm (embodiment 7 ) etc., all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
  • embodiment 8-11 The difference between embodiment 8-11 and embodiment 2 is that the thickness of the elastic outer layer of the airbag is respectively 0.3mm (embodiment 8), 1.0mm (embodiment 9), 0.2mm (embodiment 10), 1.2mm (embodiment 11 ) etc., all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
  • embodiments 12-15 and embodiment 2 are identical with embodiment 1.
  • the inner and outer layer rubbers adopt the mixed compound formula of natural rubber and chloroprene rubber, and the airbag reinforcement layer is reinforced cord (nylon 66, purchased from Shenma Industrial Co., Ltd., the specification is 930dtex/2).
  • the surface of the elastic inner layer is wound at a winding angle of -40° relative to the extrusion direction to form a double-layer cord reinforcement layer for the airbag, and the angle between the double-layer cords is 80°.
  • bursting strength Under the assembly condition, the air spring airbag is injected into the air spring at a pressurization rate of 0.5MPa/min with water at a temperature of (20 ⁇ 2)°C until the air spring is destroyed, and the maximum value before the destruction is recorded. Pressure value (i.e. burst pressure);
  • Example 1 the Bursting strength (MPa) High temperature vertical fatigue durability (10,000 times)
  • Example 1 3.05 2500
  • Example 2 3.89 2700
  • Example 3 3.12 2200
  • Example 4 3.78 2600
  • Example 5 3.94 2700
  • Example 6 3.59 2350
  • Example 7 3.41 2480
  • Example 8 3.65 2500
  • Example 9 3.69 2580
  • Example 10 3.32 2190
  • Example 11 3.43 2240
  • Example 12 3.76 2780
  • Example 13 3.69 2810
  • Example 14 3.34 2300
  • Example 15 3.45 2350 Comparative example 1 2.8 1000
  • Comparative Example 1 shows that the performance of Comparative Example 1 is not as good as that of Example 2, which proves that the performance of the air spring airbag formed by thermoplastic elastomer is better.
  • Examples 4-7 shows that the performance of Examples 6-7 is not as good as that of Examples 4-5, which proves that the performance of the air spring airbag formed by the thickness of the elastic inner layer of the airbag within the range of 1.0-1.5mm is better.
  • Examples 8-11 shows that the performance of Examples 10-11 is not as good as that of Examples 8-9, which proves that the performance of the air spring airbag formed by the thickness of the elastic outer layer of the airbag within the range of 0.3-1.0mm is better.
  • Examples 14-15 shows that the performance of Examples 14-15 is not as good as that of Examples 12-13, which proves that the performance of the air spring airbag formed by the diameter of the reinforcing cord within the range of 0.3-0.6 mm is better.
  • the present application illustrates the detailed method of the present application through the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned detailed method, that is, it does not mean that the present application must rely on the above-mentioned detailed method to be implemented.
  • Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement to the present application, the equivalent replacement of each raw material of the product of the present application, the addition of auxiliary components, the selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种空气弹簧气囊及其制备方法和应用，所述空气弹簧气囊由内至外包括气囊弹性体内层、至少一层气囊增强层和气囊弹性体外层；所述气囊弹性体内层和气囊弹性体外层的材质均为邵尔D硬度为50-70的热塑性聚酯弹性体。本申请所述空气弹簧气囊可以采取连续生产工艺，方法简单易操作，产品使用寿命高，具有优异的使用性能和加工性能。

Description

一种空气弹簧气囊及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本申请涉及气囊技术领域，尤其涉及一种空气弹簧气囊及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着汽车工业的快速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高，对汽车NVH性能要求日益提高，汽车减振技术也得到很大发展。目前，国内外高端乘用车逐渐兴起应用空气弹簧代替螺旋弹簧和液压减震器。乘用车采用空气弹簧，能提高乘坐舒适性、操控平稳性、安全性并实现轻量化。空气弹簧刚度可变，可以过滤高频振动，改善整车的平顺性，增加驾乘人员舒适度。空气弹簧可将刚性冲击变为柔性冲击，提高驾驶的操纵稳定性，进一步提高行车安全。空气弹簧主要由气囊和空气组成，比螺旋弹簧可降重50％以上，能有效减轻悬架的质量。
CN101137714B公开了一种具有优异的挠曲弹性和耐久性并且挠曲弹性在2500至4600kgf/cm 2的范围内的聚醚酯热塑性弹性体树脂组合物，所述聚醚酯热塑性弹性体树脂组合物包含10至70重量％的肖式硬度不大于40D的低硬度聚醚酯嵌段共聚物，15至55重量％的肖式硬度不小于50D的高硬度聚醚酯嵌段共聚物，以及15至35重量％的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯。其公开的聚醚酯热塑性弹性体树脂组合物具有优异的耐久性、可加工使用性、易成型性和抗划伤性以及令人满意的柔韧性和机械性能、特别是挠曲弹性。另外，其公开的聚醚酯热塑性弹性体树脂组合物在它用于制造用于汽车的气囊的盖时具有例如优异的散开性能和喇叭可使用性的优点。
CN112358667A公开了一种橡胶组合物及其制备方法和应用，所述橡胶组 合物按照重量份包括如下组分：硫醇调节型氯丁橡胶80～99重量份、硫化剂9～11重量份、补强剂19～36重量份、软化剂15～25重量份、主防老剂3～5重量份和辅助防老剂2～4重量份；所述橡胶组合物通过选择硫醇调节型氯丁橡胶，搭配主防老剂和辅助防老剂，在特定添加量的范围，可以使得所述橡胶组合物具有优异的力学性能、耐磨性能的同时，还具有优异的老化性能，可以满足乘用车空气弹簧气囊长期使用的高可靠性和长寿命要求。
空气弹簧总成中最重要的零件就是气囊，目前气囊普遍采用橡胶气囊，存在寿命短、易老化、疲劳性能差等问题，而且橡胶需要混炼、硫化等工序，工艺难度大，工序繁琐，生产周期长，效率低，成本高。橡胶强度低，难以挤出成型大口径薄壁气囊，一般先将橡胶与增强帘布压延成胶布，然后将胶布缠绕成型，成型困难，产品精度低，加工难度大，难以实现自动化生产，气囊的壁厚均匀性、成型一致性难以保证，产品质量难以控制。
综上所述，开发一种可批量生产、价格便宜且性能优异的空气弹簧气囊至关重要。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
针对现有技术的不足，本申请的目的在于提供一种空气弹簧气囊及其制备方法和应用，所述空气弹簧气囊可以采取连续生产工艺，方法简单易操作，生产效率高，能耗低，产品使用寿命长，具有优异的使用性能和加工性能。
为达此目的，本申请采用以下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请提供一种空气弹簧气囊，所述空气弹簧气囊由内至外包括气囊弹性体内层、至少一层气囊增强层和气囊弹性体外层；
所述气囊弹性体内层和气囊弹性体外层的材质均为邵尔D硬度为50-70(例如55、60、65等)的热塑性聚酯弹性体。
本申请所述空气弹簧气囊由热塑性弹性体和增强层组成，邵尔D硬度为50-70，适用于薄壁挤出成型，形成的空气弹簧气囊具有良好的机械性能、优异的耐高低温和老化性能和长期使用的疲劳耐久性能，同时产品具有良好的外观质量。
可选地，所述空气弹簧气囊的外径为80-120mm，例如90mm、100mm、110mm等。
可选地，所述空气弹簧气囊的壁厚为2-3mm，例如2.2mm、2.4mm、2.6mm、2.8mm等。
可选地，所述气囊弹性体内层的厚度为1.0-1.5mm，例如1.1mm、1.2mm、1.3mm、1.4mm等。
可选地，所述气囊增强层为增强线绳。
可选地，所述增强线绳为1-2层，例如1层，例如2层。
可选地，所述增强线绳包括聚酯线绳和/或聚酰胺线绳。
可选地，所述增强线绳的直径为0.3-0.6mm，例如0.35mm、0.4mm、0.45mm、0.5mm、0.55mm等。
可选地，所述气囊弹性体外层的厚度为0.3-1.0mm，例如0.4mm、0.6mm、0.8mm等。
第二方面，本申请提供一种第一方面所述的空气弹簧气囊的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
步骤1：将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，形成气囊弹性体内层；
步骤2：在气囊弹性体内层表面设置气囊增强层；
步骤3：在气囊增强层表面将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，形成气囊弹性体外层，得到所述空气弹簧气囊。
本申请中所述空气弹簧气囊采用热塑性聚酯弹性体代替橡胶材料，采用连续挤出工艺成型，无需混炼、压延、单个气囊成型、硫化等复杂工序，生产效率高，能耗降低，而且实现连续自动化生产，产品一致性好，质量稳定，生产成本低。
可选地，步骤1中，所述挤出成型前还包括将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行干燥。
可选地，步骤1中，所述挤出成型的挤出温度为205-245℃(例如210℃、220℃、230℃、240℃等)，螺杆转速为15-80rpm(例如20rpm、30rpm、40rpm、50rpm、60rpm、70rpm等)，牵引速度为5-15m/min(例如6m/min、8m/min、10m/min、12m/min、14m/min等)。
可选地，步骤2中，所述设置气囊增强层的方式是：先将增强线绳经过胶黏剂浸渍处理，然后在气囊弹性体内层表面单层或双层缠绕增强线绳，形成气囊增强层。
可选地，步骤3中，所述挤出成型的挤出温度为205-245℃(例如210℃、220℃、230℃、240℃等)，螺杆转速为20-90rpm(例如30rpm、40rpm、50rpm、60rpm、70rpm、80rpm等)，牵引速度为5-20m/min(例如6m/min、8m/min、10m/min、12m/min、14m/min、16m/min、18m/min等)。
可选地，所述形成气囊弹性体外层后还包括冷却和裁切。
第三方面，本申请提供一种第一方面所述的空气弹簧气囊在汽车中的应用。
相对于现有技术，本申请具有以下有益效果：
本申请所述空气弹簧气囊可以采取连续生产工艺，方法简单易操作，产品使用寿命高，具有优异的使用性能和加工性能。本申请所述空气弹簧气囊台架 寿命在2190万次以上，爆破强度可达3.05MPa以上，可在-40℃～120℃之间长期使用。
在阅读并理解了详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本申请的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了，所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本申请，不应视为对本申请的具体限制。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种空气弹簧气囊，所述空气弹簧气囊由内至外包括气囊弹性体内层、单层气囊增强层和气囊弹性体外层。
所述空气弹簧气囊的外径为90mm，长度为400mm。
所述气囊弹性体内层和气囊弹性体外层的材质均为邵尔D硬度为60的热塑性聚酯弹性体，购于杜邦公司，牌号为Hytrel HTR8241。
所述气囊弹性体内层的厚度为1.0mm，外层的厚度为0.5mm。
所述气囊增强层为增强线绳(聚酯线绳，购于亚东工业苏州有限公司，规格为1000D/2)，经胶黏剂RFL浸渍液浸渍处理，直径为0.5mm，单层缠绕成型。
上述空气弹簧气囊的制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将热塑性聚酯弹性体在除湿干燥箱中以110℃干燥4h；
(2)将干燥后的热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，具体工艺参数为：挤出温度为220℃，螺杆转速为60rpm，牵引速度为10m/min，形成气囊弹性体内层；
(3)在气囊弹性体内层表面相对挤出方向以缠绕角度为90°单层缠绕增强线绳，形成气囊增强层；
(4)在气囊增强层表面将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，具体工艺参数为：挤出温度为220℃，螺杆转速为70rpm，牵引速度为10m/min，形成气囊弹性体外层；
(5)将步骤4所得产品冷却后裁切干燥，包装，得到所述空气弹簧气囊。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种空气弹簧气囊，所述空气弹簧气囊由内至外包括气囊弹性体内层、单层气囊增强层和气囊弹性体外层。
所述空气弹簧气囊的外径为94mm，长度为400mm。
所述气囊弹性体内层和气囊弹性体外层的材质均为邵尔D硬度为54的热塑性聚酯弹性体，购于帝斯曼公司，牌号为EM550。
所述气囊弹性体内层的厚度为1.2mm，外层的厚度为0.5mm。
所述气囊增强层为增强线绳(尼龙66，购于神马实业股份有限公司，规格为930dtex/2)，经胶黏剂RFL浸渍液浸渍处理，直径为0.35mm，双层缠绕成型。
上述空气弹簧气囊的制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将热塑性聚酯弹性体在除湿干燥箱中以110℃干燥6h；
(2)将干燥后的热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，具体工艺参数为：挤出温度为205℃，螺杆转速为15rpm，牵引速度为5m/min，形成气囊弹性体内层；
(3)双层缠绕成型，其中第一层帘线在气囊弹性体内层表面相对挤出方向以缠绕角度为40°进行缠绕，第二层帘线在气囊弹性体内层表面相对挤出方向以缠绕角度为-40°进行缠绕，形成气囊双层帘线增强层，双层线绳夹角为80°；
(4)在气囊增强层表面将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，具体工艺参数为：挤出温度为205℃，螺杆转速为20rpm，牵引速度为5m/min，形成气囊弹 性体外层；
(5)将步骤4所得产品冷却后裁切干燥，包装，得到所述空气弹簧气囊。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种空气弹簧气囊，所述空气弹簧气囊由内至外包括气囊弹性体内层、单层气囊增强层和气囊弹性体外层。
所述空气弹簧气囊的外径为120mm，长度为400mm。
所述气囊弹性体内层和气囊弹性体外层的材质均为邵尔D硬度为60的热塑性聚酯弹性体，购于杜邦公司，牌号为Hytrel HTR8241。
所述气囊弹性体内层的厚度为1.1mm，外层厚度为0.6mm。
所述气囊增强层为增强线绳(尼龙66，购于神马实业股份有限公司，规格为930dtex/2)，经胶黏剂RFL浸渍液浸渍处理，直径为0.4mm，单层缠绕成型。
上述空气弹簧气囊的制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将热塑性聚酯弹性体在除湿干燥箱中以110℃干燥4h；
(2)将干燥后的热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，具体工艺参数为：挤出温度为245℃，螺杆转速为80rpm，牵引速度为15m/min，形成气囊弹性体内层；
(3)在气囊弹性体内层表面相对挤出方向以缠绕角度为90°单层缠绕增强线绳，形成气囊增强层；
(4)在气囊增强层表面将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，具体工艺参数为：挤出温度为245℃，螺杆转速为90rpm，牵引速度为20m/min，形成气囊弹性体外层；
(5)将步骤4所得产品冷却后裁切干燥，包装，得到所述空气弹簧气囊。
实施例4-7
实施例4-7与实施例2的区别在于气囊弹性体内层的厚度分别为1.0mm(实施例4)、1.5mm(实施例5)、0.8mm(实施例6)、1.8mm(实施例7)等，其余均与实施例1相同。
实施例8-11
实施例8-11与实施例2的区别在于气囊弹性体外层的厚度分别为0.3mm(实施例8)、1.0mm(实施例9)、0.2mm(实施例10)、1.2mm(实施例11)等，其余均与实施例1相同。
实施例12-15
实施例12-15与实施例2的区别在于增强线绳的直径分别为0.3mm(实施例12)、0.6mm(实施例13)、0.2mm(实施例14)、0.8mm(实施例15)等，其余均与实施例1相同。
对比例1
本对比例内、外层橡胶采用天然橡胶和氯丁橡胶的混合胶料配方，气囊增强层为增强线绳(尼龙66，购于神马实业股份有限公司，规格为930dtex/2)，经胶黏剂RFL浸渍液浸渍处理，直径为0.35mm，双层缠绕成型，其中第一层帘线在气囊弹性体内层表面相对挤出方向以缠绕角度为40°进行缠绕，第二层帘线在气囊弹性体内层表面相对挤出方向以缠绕角度为-40°进行缠绕，形成气囊双层帘线增强层，双层线绳夹角为80°。
性能测试
将实施例1-15和对比例1所述空气弹簧气囊进行如下测试：
(1)爆破强度：将空气弹簧气囊在装配条件下，以0.5MPa/min的加压速率向空气弹簧内注入温度为(20±2)℃的水至空气弹簧破坏为止，记录破坏前的最大压力值(即爆破压力)；
(2)高温垂直疲劳耐久：将空气弹簧气囊按实际使用状态装配，装入高温试验箱进行往复循环试验，试验温度为80℃，试验频率为3Hz，试验振幅为25mm(行程为50mm)，记录第一次出现裂纹时，试验次数。
测试结果汇总于表1中。
表1
  爆破强度(MPa) 高温垂直疲劳耐久(万次)
实施例1 3.05 2500
实施例2 3.89 2700
实施例3 3.12 2200
实施例4 3.78 2600
实施例5 3.94 2700
实施例6 3.59 2350
实施例7 3.41 2480
实施例8 3.65 2500
实施例9 3.69 2580
实施例10 3.32 2190
实施例11 3.43 2240
实施例12 3.76 2780
实施例13 3.69 2810
实施例14 3.34 2300
实施例15 3.45 2350
对比例1 2.8 1000
分析表1数据可知，各实施例中，本申请所述空气弹簧气囊台架寿命在2190万次以上，爆破强度可达3.05MPa以上，可在-40℃～120℃之间长期使用，本申请所述空气弹簧气囊可以采取连续生产工艺，方法简单易操作，产品使用寿命高，具有优异的使用性能和加工性能。
分析对比例1与实施例2可知，对比例1性能不如实施例2，证明采用热塑性弹性体形成的空气弹簧气囊性能更佳。
分析实施例4-7可知，实施例6-7性能不如实施例4-5，证明气囊弹性体内层的厚度在1.0-1.5mm范围内形成的空气弹簧气囊性能更佳。
分析实施例8-11可知，实施例10-11性能不如实施例8-9，证明气囊弹性体外层的厚度在0.3-1.0mm范围内形成的空气弹簧气囊性能更佳。
分析实施例12-15可知，实施例14-15性能不如实施例12-13，证明增强线绳的直径在0.3-0.6mm范围内形成的空气弹簧气囊性能更佳。
本申请通过上述实施例来说明本申请的详细方法，但本申请并不局限于上述详细方法，即不意味着本申请必须依赖上述详细方法才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，对本申请的任何改进，对本申请产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等，均落在本申请的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空气弹簧气囊，其中，所述空气弹簧气囊由内至外包括气囊弹性体内层、气囊增强层和气囊弹性体外层；
    所述气囊弹性体内层和气囊弹性体外层的材质均为邵尔D硬度为50-70的热塑性聚酯弹性体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空气弹簧气囊，其中，所述空气弹簧气囊的外径为80-120mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的空气弹簧气囊，其中，所述空气弹簧气囊的壁厚为2-3mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的空气弹簧气囊，其中，所述气囊弹性体内层的厚度为1.0-1.5mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的空气弹簧气囊，其中，所述气囊增强层为增强线绳。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的空气弹簧气囊，其中，所述增强线绳为1-2层；
    可选地，所述增强线绳包括聚酯线绳和/或聚酰胺线绳；
    可选地，所述增强线绳的直径为0.3-0.6mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的空气弹簧气囊，其中，所述气囊弹性体外层的厚度为0.3-1.0mm。
  8. 一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的空气弹簧气囊的制备方法，其中，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
    步骤1：将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，形成气囊弹性体内层；
    步骤2：在气囊弹性体内层表面设置气囊增强层；
    步骤3：在气囊增强层表面将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行挤出成型，形成气囊 弹性体外层，得到所述空气弹簧气囊。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其中，步骤1中，所述挤出成型前还包括将热塑性聚酯弹性体进行干燥；
    可选地，步骤1中，所述挤出成型的挤出温度为205-245℃，螺杆转速为15-80rpm，牵引速度为5-15m/min；
    可选地，步骤2中，所述设置气囊增强层的方式是：先将增强线绳经过胶黏剂浸渍处理，然后在气囊弹性体内层表面单层或双层缠绕增强线绳，形成气囊增强层；
    可选地，步骤3中，所述挤出成型的挤出温度为205-245℃，螺杆转速为20-90rpm，牵引速度为5-20m/min；
    可选地，形成所述气囊弹性体外层后还包括冷却和裁切。
  10. 一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的空气弹簧气囊在汽车中的应用。
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