WO2023103836A1 - 一种新型光轴键盘 - Google Patents

一种新型光轴键盘 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023103836A1
WO2023103836A1 PCT/CN2022/134967 CN2022134967W WO2023103836A1 WO 2023103836 A1 WO2023103836 A1 WO 2023103836A1 CN 2022134967 W CN2022134967 W CN 2022134967W WO 2023103836 A1 WO2023103836 A1 WO 2023103836A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical axis
pcb board
base
keyboard
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/134967
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴福喜
胡远锋
Original Assignee
东莞市凯华电子有限公司
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Application filed by 东莞市凯华电子有限公司 filed Critical 东莞市凯华电子有限公司
Publication of WO2023103836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103836A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/705—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K17/968—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch using opto-electronic devices
    • H03K17/969—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch using opto-electronic devices having a plurality of control members, e.g. keyboard

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of keyboards, in particular to a novel optical axis keyboard.
  • a mechanical keyboard is a type of keyboard. From a structural point of view, each key of the mechanical keyboard has a separate switch to control the closure. This switch is also called a "axis". According to the classification of the key switch, the mechanical keyboard can be Divided into traditional tea shaft, green shaft, white shaft, black shaft, and red shaft. It is precisely because each button is composed of an independent switch, so the button has a strong sense of paragraph, which produces a special feel suitable for game entertainment, so it is usually used as a relatively expensive high-end game peripheral.
  • the existing mechanical keyboards are generally conducted through two metal shrapnels, the positive pole and the negative pole.
  • the contacts of the metal shrapnel will wear out due to the mutual contact and impact of the keys when they move up and down, which will lead to a large decline in life and make the working performance of the mechanical keyboard unstable.
  • water enters the key switch of the mechanical keyboard it will short-circuit the positive shrapnel and the negative shrapnel, and also corrode the contacts of the two, resulting in poor contact of the contacts, thereby making the function of the mechanical keyboard unstable.
  • the cost of mechanical keyboards is generally relatively high, once such unstable working performance occurs, it will greatly affect the user's sense of use, and users are likely to replace the entire mechanical keyboard, which causes unnecessary waste .
  • the purpose of this utility model is to provide a new type of optical axis keyboard, which solves the problem that in the existing mechanical keyboard, the long-term contact between the positive shrapnel and the negative shrapnel in each key switch causes wear and tear, resulting in work failure. Defects of unstable performance and easy short circuit.
  • the purpose of preventing cross-lighting, preventing signal interference, and dustproof and waterproof is achieved, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the conduction and disconnection of the key switch on the keyboard.
  • a new type of optical axis keyboard comprising a base, a PCB board arranged above the base, several key switches arranged on the PCB board, and an array of light conducting components corresponding to the several key switches one by one.
  • the conduction assembly includes an infrared emitting element and a photosensitive receiving element oppositely arranged, and a light blocking axis for blocking the light between the infrared emitting element and the photosensitive receiving element is arranged on the key switch, and it is characterized in that, between the PCB board and the photosensitive receiving element A number of shading covers corresponding to the arrays of light conducting components are arranged between the bases.
  • the shading cover is fixedly arranged on the base.
  • the shading cover is integrally formed on the base.
  • the shading cover is clamped and limited between the PCB board and the base.
  • the light conducting component is arranged on the lower surface of the PCB, and the light shield covers the light conducting component therein.
  • two first accommodating cavities are arranged in the shading cover, the infrared emitting element is accommodated in one of the first accommodating cavities, and the photosensitive receiving element is accommodated in the other
  • a light-shielding wall is respectively formed on the periphery of the two first accommodating cavities; an opening is formed on one side of the light-shielding wall, and the two first accommodating cavities are connected through the opening to form a light passage, And the light channel is located below the light blocking axis.
  • first through holes are opened on the PCB for mounting several key switches and passing through the light blocking shaft, and the first through holes are located above the light channel.
  • the light conducting component is embedded in the PCB board.
  • the PCB board is provided with two second accommodation cavities, the infrared emitting element is accommodated in one of the second accommodation cavities, and the photosensitive receiving element is accommodated in the other In the second accommodating cavity; several second through holes are provided on the PCB board for installing several key switches and for penetrating the light-shielding axis, and the two second accommodating cavities are connected through the second through holes pass through and form a light channel, and the light channel is located below the light blocking axis.
  • the optical conduction component By using the optical conduction component to realize the conduction and disconnection function of the key switch, it can effectively avoid the problem of wear and tear between the two metal shrapnels of the traditional mechanical keyboard due to the mutual contact and impact of the switch shaft moving up and down, and then Extend the life of the product and make the working performance of the keyboard more stable. At the same time, it effectively prevents the keyboard from short-circuiting between the positive and negative shrapnel due to water ingress, resulting in poor contact and unstable keyboard functions, further ensuring the service life of the keyboard and ensuring the functional stability of the keyboard. Moreover, due to the optical sensing recognition principle and technology used, the sensitivity of the keyboard is further improved, the practicability of the keyboard is improved, and the experience of using the keyboard is better. .
  • Fig. 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the novel optical axis keyboard in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 2 is a partial exploded view of the novel optical axis keyboard in Embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of the novel optical axis keyboard in which the shading cover is integrally formed on the base in Embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the novel optical axis keyboard in which the shading cover is sandwiched between the PCB board and the base in Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a shading cover in Embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view of the new optical axis keyboard in the second embodiment.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of novel optical axis keyboard, comprises a base 10, a PCB board 1 arranged on the top of the base 10, several key switches 2 arranged on the PCB board 1, and A plurality of key switches 2 are provided one-to-one with an array of light-conducting components 3.
  • the light-conducting component 3 includes an infrared emitting element 31 and a photosensitive receiving element 32 arranged oppositely.
  • the key switch 2 is provided with a A light blocking axis 20 that blocks the light between the infrared emitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32, and several light shields 4 that correspond to the array of light conducting components 3 one-to-one are arranged between the PCB board 1 and the base 10.
  • the cover 4 is used to block the external light of the key switch 2 and prevent the external light from causing signal interference to the light conducting component 3 , and at the same time, play a role of dustproof and waterproof for the light conducting component 3 .
  • the light blocking shaft 20 is arranged at the lower end of the guide core 21 of the key switch 2, as shown in FIG.
  • the spring in the key switch 2 provides elastic restoration force for the upward movement and reset of the guide core 21 .
  • the guide core 21 is pressed down, the light blocking shaft 20 is driven to move down synchronously, and then the light blocking shaft 20 moves down to between the infrared emitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32 to block the light emitted by the infrared emitting element 31, then The photosensitive receiving element 32 cannot receive it, that is, the light blocking axis 20 blocks the optical path between the infrared emitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32, and at this time, a signal is given to the PCB board 1, and this signal is defined as a key switch conduction signal .
  • the guide core 21 and the light-blocking shaft 20 move up and reset under the drive of the spring, and the light-blocking shaft 20 leaves between the infrared emitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32, and no longer blocks infrared rays.
  • the optical path between the transmitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32, the photosensitive receiving element 32 can normally receive the light emitted by the infrared emitting element 31, and at this time give a signal to the PCB board 1, which is defined as a key switch disconnection signal.
  • the light path between the infrared emitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32 is turned on or blocked, thereby realizing the turn-on and turn-off functions of the key switch 2 .
  • the light conducting component 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the PCB 1 , and the light shield 4 covers the light conducting component 3 therein, as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • two first accommodating cavities 41 are arranged in the shading cover 4, and the infrared emitting element 31 is accommodated in one of the first accommodating cavities.
  • the photosensitive receiving element 32 is accommodated in another first accommodating cavity 41, and a light-shielding wall 42 is respectively formed on the periphery of the two first accommodating cavities 41; on the side of the light-shielding wall 42
  • An opening 43 is formed, and the two first accommodating cavities 41 communicate through the opening 43 to form a light channel, and the light channel is located below the light blocking axis 20 .
  • the infrared emitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32 are respectively surrounded by the light-shielding wall 42 on the periphery of the two first accommodating cavities 41, so that the light emitted by the infrared emitting element 31 can only be emitted from the optical channel to the photosensitive receiving element 32 for reception, then
  • the light blocking shaft 20 only needs to move down into the light channel to block the light.
  • the external light will not enter, that is, the light emitted by the infrared emitting element 31 is blocked from the external light, so as to prevent the occurrence of cross-light and signal interference problems, thus, it is beneficial to improve the light conduction assembly 3.
  • the special structure inside the light shield 4 plays a role of further dustproof and waterproof for the light conducting component 3 .
  • first through holes 11 for installing several key switches 2 and passing through the light blocking axis 20 are provided on the PCB board 1.
  • the first through hole 11 is located above the light channel.
  • the mounting column 22 at the bottom of the key switch 2 is snapped into the first through hole 11 , so that the key switch 2 can be installed on the PCB 1 .
  • the light-blocking shaft 20 can pass through the mounting post 22 and extend into the light shield 4 to realize light shielding.
  • the first way is: as shown in FIG. 3 , the shading cover 4 is fixedly arranged on the base 10 , specifically, the shading cover 4 can be integrally formed on the base 10 .
  • the second way is: as shown in FIG. 4 , the shading cover 4 is sandwiched between the PCB board 1 and the base 10 . After the PCB board 1 and the base 10 are fixedly installed on the keyboard, the positions of the two are fixed, and the light shield 4 can be clamped and limited between them.
  • the shading cover 4 can be fixed between the PCB board 1 and the base 10, so that the shading cover 4 can prevent cross-lighting, signal interference, dustproof and waterproof
  • the purpose is to improve the accuracy of the conduction and disconnection of the key switch on the keyboard.
  • the light conduction component 3 is used to realize the conduction and disconnection functions of the key switch 2, which can effectively avoid the problem of wear and tear between the two metal shrapnels of the traditional mechanical keyboard due to the mutual contact and impact of the switch shaft moving up and down. Then prolong the life of the product and make the working performance of the keyboard more stable. At the same time, it effectively prevents the keyboard from short-circuiting between the positive and negative shrapnel due to water ingress, resulting in poor contact and unstable keyboard functions, further ensuring the service life of the keyboard and ensuring the functional stability of the keyboard. Moreover, due to the optical sensing recognition principle and technology used, the sensitivity of the keyboard is further improved, the practicability of the keyboard is improved, and the experience of using the keyboard is better.
  • the light conducting component 3 is embedded in the PCB board 1 .
  • two second accommodating cavities 12 are arranged in the PCB board 1, the infrared emitting element 31 is accommodated in one of the second accommodating cavities 12, and the photosensitive receiving element 32 is accommodated in the other first accommodating cavity.
  • Two accommodating cavities 12; several second through holes 13 are provided on the PCB board 1 for installing several key switches 2 and penetrating the light blocking shaft 20, and the two second accommodating cavities 12 pass through
  • the second through hole 13 is connected to form a light channel, and the light channel is located below the light blocking axis 20 .
  • the infrared emitting element 31 and the photosensitive receiving element 32 are respectively accommodated by the two second accommodating chambers 12, so that the light emitted by the infrared emitting element 31 can only be emitted from the optical channel to the photosensitive receiving element 32 for receiving, and the light blocking axis 20 only needs to Move down into the light tunnel to block out the light.
  • the second through hole 13 is surrounded by the peripheral wall of the light shield 4, so that external light will not enter from the second through hole 13, that is, the light emitted by the infrared emitting element 31 is blocked from the external light to prevent cross-light and signal from occurring.
  • the problem of interference thus, is beneficial to improve the accuracy of turning on and off of the light conducting component 3 without misconducting.
  • the shading cover 4 plays a role of further dustproof and waterproof for the light conducting component 3 .
  • the mounting column 22 at the bottom of the key switch 2 is also snapped into the second through hole 13 , so that the key switch 2 can be mounted on the PCB 1 .
  • a transverse perforation corresponding to the light channel is also formed on the mounting post 22 , which facilitates the photosensitive receiving element 32 to receive the light emitted by the infrared emitting element 31 .
  • the light blocking shaft 20 can pass through the mounting column 22 , that is, enter the light channel, so as to shield the light.
  • the new optical axis keyboard disclosed in the utility model is to improve the specific structure, but the specific control mode is not the innovation point of the utility model.
  • the infrared emitting element, photosensitive receiving element and other parts involved in the utility model it can be a general standard part or a part known to those skilled in the art, and its structure, principle and control method are obtained by those skilled in the art through the technical manual. Known or known through routine experimental methods.

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  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种新型光轴键盘，包括底座、设置于底座上方的PCB板、设置于PCB板上的数个按键开关、及与数个按键开关一一对应设置的数组光导通组件，该光导通组件包括相对设置的红外线发射元件与光敏接收元件，该按键开关上设置有用于遮挡红外线发射元件与光敏接收元件之间光线的一挡光轴，在该PCB板与底座之间设置有与数组光导通组件一一对应的数个遮光罩。本实用新型提供的新型光轴键盘，解决了现有的机械键盘中，各按键开关内的正极弹片和负极弹片之间因触点长期碰触导致磨损，造成工作性能不稳定和容易短路的缺陷。与此同时，达到防止串光、防止信号干扰及防尘防水的目的，利于提高键盘上按键开关的导通与断开的准确度。

Description

一种新型光轴键盘 技术领域
本实用新型涉及键盘的技术领域，尤其涉及一种新型光轴键盘。
背景技术
机械键盘是一种键盘的类型，从结构来说，机械键盘的每一颗按键都有一个单独的开关来控制闭合，这个开关也被称为“轴”，依照按键开关的分类，机械键盘可分为传统的茶轴、青轴、白轴、黑轴、以及红轴。正是由于每一个按键都由一个独立的开关组成，因此按键段落感较强，从而产生适于游戏娱乐的特殊手感，故而通常作为比较昂贵的高端游戏外设。
目前，现有的机械键盘通过普遍使用正极和负极两个金属弹片导通。一方面，这种金属弹片的触点会因按键上下移动时相互碰触和撞击而造成磨损，进而导致寿命大量衰减，使机械键盘的工作性能不稳定。另一方面，当机械键盘的按键开关内部进水时，会使正极弹片与负极弹片短路，也会腐蚀两者的触点，导致触点接触不良，进而使机械键盘的功能不稳定。而且因为机械键盘的造价普遍都比较高，一旦出现这种工作性能不稳定会大幅度影响到使用者的使用感，使用者很有可能会因此更换整个机械键盘，这就造成了不必要的浪费。
实用新型内容
针对上述不足，本实用新型的目的在于提供一种新型光轴键盘，解决了现有的机械键盘中，各按键开关内的正极弹片和负极弹片之间因触点长期碰触导致磨损，造成工作性能不稳定和容易短路的缺陷。与此同时，达到防止串光、防止信号干扰及防尘防水的目的，利于提高键盘上按键开关的导通与断开的准确度。
本实用新型为达到上述目的所采用的技术方案是：
一种新型光轴键盘，包括一底座、设置于底座上方的一PCB板、设置于 PCB板上的数个按键开关、及与数个按键开关一一对应设置的数组光导通组件，该光导通组件包括相对设置的一红外线发射元件与一光敏接收元件，该按键开关上设置有用于遮挡红外线发射元件与光敏接收元件之间光线的一挡光轴，其特征在于，在该PCB板与底座之间设置有与数组光导通组件一一对应的数个遮光罩。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，所述遮光罩固定设置于底座上。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，所述遮光罩一体成型于底座上。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，所述遮光罩夹设限位于PCB板与底座之间。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，所述光导通组件设置于PCB板下表面，该遮光罩将光导通组件罩在其中。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，所述遮光罩内设置有两个第一容置腔，所述红外线发射元件容置于其中一第一容置腔内，所述光敏接收元件容置于另外一第一容置腔内，在该两个第一容置腔外围分别形成有遮光围墙；在该遮光围墙一侧形成有一开口，该两个第一容置腔通过开口相连通并形成光通道，且该光通道位于挡光轴下方。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，在所述PCB板上开设有供数个按键开关安装并供挡光轴穿过的数个第一通孔，该第一通孔位于光通道上方。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，所述光导通组件嵌入PCB板内。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，所述PCB板内设置有两个第二容置腔，所述红外线发射元件容置于其中一第二容置腔内，所述光敏接收元件容置于另外一第二容置腔内；在所述PCB板上开设有供数个按键开关安装并供挡光轴穿入的数个第二通孔，该两个第二容置腔通过第二通孔相连通并形成光通道，且该光通道位于挡光轴下方。
本实用新型的有益效果为：
(1)通过在PCB板与底座之间增设与数组光导通组件一一对应的数个遮光罩，用于遮挡住按键开关外界的光线，防止外界光线对光导通组件产生信号干扰，避免出现串光及信号干扰的问题；同时，遮光罩对光导通组件起 到防尘防水的作用，由此，利于提高光导通组件导通与断开的准确度，而不会出现误导通的现象。
(2)通过采用光导通组件实现按键开关的导通与断开功能，可有效避免传统机械键盘两个金属弹片之间因为开关轴的上下移动相互碰触和撞击而造成磨损的问题，进而延长产品寿命，使键盘的工作性能更稳定。同时，有效防止了键盘因为进水，正极弹片与负极弹片短路，导致触点接触不良，进而使键盘的功能不稳定的情况，进一步保证了键盘的使用寿命和保证了键盘的功能稳定性。而且由于使用的光学感应识别原理和技术，进一步提高了键盘的灵敏度，提升了键盘的实用性，使键盘的使用体验感更佳。。
上述是实用新型技术方案的概述，以下结合附图与具体实施方式，对本实用新型做进一步说明。
附图说明
图1为实施例一中新型光轴键盘的部分结构示意图；
图2为实施例一中新型光轴键盘的部分爆炸图；
图3为实施例一中遮光罩一体成型于底座上的新型光轴键盘部分剖面图；
图4为实施例一中遮光罩夹设限位于PCB板与底座之间的新型光轴键盘部分剖面图；
图5为实施例一中遮光罩的结构示意图；
图6为实施例二中新型光轴键盘的部分剖面图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本实用新型为达到预定目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对本实用新型的具体实施方式详细说明。
实施例一：
请参照图1至图3，本实施例提供一种新型光轴键盘，包括一底座10、设置于底座10上方的一PCB板1、设置于PCB板1上的数个按键开关2、及与数个按键开关2一一对应设置的数组光导通组件3，具体的，该光导通组件3包括相对设置的一红外线发射元件31与一光敏接收元件32，该按键开 关2上设置有用于遮挡红外线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32之间光线的一挡光轴20，在该PCB板1与底座10之间设置有与数组光导通组件3一一对应的数个遮光罩4，遮光罩4用于遮挡住按键开关2外界的光线，防止外界光线对光导通组件3产生信号干扰，同时，对光导通组件3起到防尘防水的作用。
本实施例挡光轴20设置于按键开关2的导芯21下端，如图3所示，因此，在按压导芯21上下移动时，挡光轴20随着上下移动。同时，导芯21的上移复位由按键开关2内的弹簧提供弹性恢复力。在向下按压导芯21时，带动挡光轴20同步下移，则挡光轴20下移至红外线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32之间，将红外线发射元件31发出的光线遮挡住，则光敏接收元件32接收不到，即挡光轴20将红外线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32之间的光路阻断，此时给PCB板1一个信号，将这种信号定义为按键开关导通信号。当释放对导芯21的按压时，在弹簧的带动下导芯21与挡光轴20上移复位，则挡光轴20离开红外线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32之间，不再阻断红外线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32之间的光路，则光敏接收元件32可正常接收红外线发射元件31发出的光线，此时给PCB板1一个信号，将这种信号定义为按键开关断开信号。
由此，通过挡光轴20与光导通组件3结构相结合，实现接通或阻断红外线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32之间的光路，从而实现按键开关2的导通与断开功能。
在本实施例中，所述光导通组件3设置于PCB板1下表面，该遮光罩4将光导通组件3罩在其中，如图3所示。
为了防止出现串光及信号干扰的问题，如图3与图5所示，所述遮光罩4内设置有两个第一容置腔41，所述红外线发射元件31容置于其中一第一容置腔41内，所述光敏接收元件32容置于另外一第一容置腔41内，在该两个第一容置腔41外围分别形成有遮光围墙42；在该遮光围墙42一侧形成有一开口43，该两个第一容置腔41通过开口43相连通并形成光通道，且该光通道位于挡光轴20下方。由两个第一容置腔41外围的遮光围墙42分别将红外 线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32包围住，使得红外线发射元件31发出的光线只能从光通道发射至光敏接收元件32接收，则挡光轴20只需下移至光通道内即可将光线遮挡住。同时，结合遮光罩4的外围墙使得外界光线不会进入，即将红外线发射元件31发出的光线与外界光线遮挡开，防止出现串光及信号干扰的问题，由此，利于提高光导通组件3导通与断开的准确度，而不会出现误导通的现象。于此同时，遮光罩4内部特殊结构对光导通组件3起到进一步防尘防水的作用。
对于按键开关2的安装，如图2与图3所示，在所述PCB板1上开设有供数个按键开关2安装并供挡光轴20穿过的数个第一通孔11，该第一通孔11位于光通道上方。具体的，由按键开关2底部的安装柱22卡入第一通孔11内，即可实现按键开关2安装于PCB板1上。同时，在向下压导芯21时，挡光轴20可穿过安装柱22，并延伸至遮光罩4内，实现对光线的遮挡。
对于遮光罩4的安装，有以下两种方式：
第一种方式为：如图3所示，所述遮光罩4固定设置于底座10上，具体的，所述遮光罩4可以一体成型于底座10上。
第二种方式为：如图4所示，所述遮光罩4夹设限位于PCB板1与底座10之间。在PCB板1与底座10固定安装于键盘上之后，两者的位置固定，即可将遮光罩4夹设限位于两者之间。
不管遮光罩4采用上述两种方式中的哪种方式安装，均可将遮光罩4固定于PCB板1与底座10之间，使得遮光罩4起到防止串光、防止信号干扰及防尘防水的目的，利于提高键盘上按键开关的导通与断开的准确度。
本实施例采用光导通组件3实现按键开关2的导通与断开功能，可有效避免传统机械键盘两个金属弹片之间因为开关轴的上下移动相互碰触和撞击而造成磨损的问题，进而延长产品寿命，使键盘的工作性能更稳定。同时，有效防止了键盘因为进水，正极弹片与负极弹片短路，导致触点接触不良，进而使键盘的功能不稳定的情况，进一步保证了键盘的使用寿命和保证了键盘的功能稳定性。而且由于使用的光学感应识别原理和技术，进一步提高了键盘的灵敏度，提升了键盘的实用性，使键盘的使用体验感更佳。
实施例二：
本实施例与实施例一的主要区别在于：如图6所示，所述光导通组件3嵌入PCB板1内。同时，所述PCB板1内设置有两个第二容置腔12，所述红外线发射元件31容置于其中一第二容置腔12内，所述光敏接收元件32容置于另外一第二容置腔12内；在所述PCB板1上开设有供数个按键开关2安装并供挡光轴20穿入的数个第二通孔13，该两个第二容置腔12通过第二通孔13相连通并形成光通道，且该光通道位于挡光轴20下方。
由两个第二容置腔12分别容置红外线发射元件31与光敏接收元件32，使得红外线发射元件31发出的光线只能从光通道发射至光敏接收元件32接收，则挡光轴20只需下移至光通道内即可将光线遮挡住。同时，结合遮光罩4的外围墙将第二通孔13包围，使得外界光线不会从第二通孔13进入，即将红外线发射元件31发出的光线与外界光线遮挡开，防止出现串光及信号干扰的问题，由此，利于提高光导通组件3导通与断开的准确度，而不会出现误导通的现象。于此同时，遮光罩4对光导通组件3起到进一步防尘防水的作用。
在本实施例中，同样由按键开关2底部的安装柱22卡入第二通孔13内，即可实现按键开关2安装于PCB板1上。不同的是，在安装柱22上还形成有与光通道相对应的横向穿孔，利于光敏接收元件32接收到红外线发射元件31发出的光线。在向下压导芯21时，挡光轴20可穿入安装柱22，即进入光通道，实现对光线的遮挡。
在此需要说明的是，本实用新型公开的新型光轴键盘，是对具体结构进行改进，而对于具体的控制方式，并不是本实用新型的创新点。对于本实用新型中涉及到的红外线发射元件、光敏接收元件及其他部件，可以为通用标准件或本领域技术人员知晓的部件，其结构、原理及控制方式均为本领域技术人员通过技术手册得知或通过常规实验方法获知。
以上所述，仅是本实用新型的较佳实施例而已，并非对本实用新型的技术范围作任何限制，故采用与本实用新型上述实施例相同或近似的技术特征， 而得到的其他结构，均在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种新型光轴键盘，包括一底座、设置于底座上方的一PCB板、设置于PCB板上的数个按键开关、及与数个按键开关一一对应设置的数组光导通组件，该光导通组件包括相对设置的一红外线发射元件与一光敏接收元件，该按键开关上设置有用于遮挡红外线发射元件与光敏接收元件之间光线的一挡光轴，其特征在于，在该PCB板与底座之间设置有与数组光导通组件一一对应的数个遮光罩。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，所述遮光罩固定设置于底座上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，所述遮光罩一体成型于底座上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，所述遮光罩夹设限位于PCB板与底座之间。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，所述光导通组件设置于PCB板下表面，该遮光罩将光导通组件罩在其中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，所述遮光罩内设置有两个第一容置腔，所述红外线发射元件容置于其中一第一容置腔内，所述光敏接收元件容置于另外一第一容置腔内，在该两个第一容置腔外围分别形成有遮光围墙；在该遮光围墙一侧形成有一开口，该两个第一容置腔通过开口相连通并形成光通道，且该光通道位于挡光轴下方。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，在所述PCB板上开设有供数个按键开关安装并供挡光轴穿过的数个第一通孔，该第一通孔位于光通道上方。
  8. 根据权利要求1至4中任一所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，所述光导通组件嵌入PCB板内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的新型光轴键盘，其特征在于，所述PCB板内设置有两个第二容置腔，所述红外线发射元件容置于其中一第二容置腔内，所 述光敏接收元件容置于另外一第二容置腔内；在所述PCB板上开设有供数个按键开关安装并供挡光轴穿入的数个第二通孔，该两个第二容置腔通过第二通孔相连通并形成光通道，且该光通道位于挡光轴下方。
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