WO2023103630A1 - 一种高功率和频激光产生方法、系统及其相位调制方法 - Google Patents

一种高功率和频激光产生方法、系统及其相位调制方法 Download PDF

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WO2023103630A1
WO2023103630A1 PCT/CN2022/127630 CN2022127630W WO2023103630A1 WO 2023103630 A1 WO2023103630 A1 WO 2023103630A1 CN 2022127630 W CN2022127630 W CN 2022127630W WO 2023103630 A1 WO2023103630 A1 WO 2023103630A1
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frequency
laser
sum
phase
phase modulation
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French (fr)
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冯衍
曾鑫
林治全
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国科大杭州高等研究院
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10053—Phase control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S3/0092—Nonlinear frequency conversion, e.g. second harmonic generation [SHG] or sum- or difference-frequency generation outside the laser cavity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/23—Arrangements of two or more lasers not provided for in groups H01S3/02 - H01S3/22, e.g. tandem arrangements of separate active media
    • H01S3/2383—Parallel arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S5/0085—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for modulating the output, i.e. the laser beam is modulated outside the laser cavity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S5/0092—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for nonlinear frequency conversion, e.g. second harmonic generation [SHG] or sum- or difference-frequency generation outside the laser cavity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/4012—Beam combining, e.g. by the use of fibres, gratings, polarisers, prisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of laser technology, in particular to a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method, system and phase modulation method thereof.
  • Infrared lasers can effectively expand the wavelength range of lasers through second-order nonlinear processes, such as frequency doubling, sum frequency, and optical parametric oscillation, to achieve visible light and ultraviolet laser output.
  • Lasers in the visible and ultraviolet bands have important applications in the fields of laser display, metal processing, quantum information technology, laser remote sensing and detection, medical imaging and treatment, and cold atoms.
  • Laser sum frequency technology is an effective way to obtain high-power visible and ultraviolet lasers.
  • the single-frequency laser linewidth is broadened and then amplified, which destroys the narrow linewidth characteristics of the laser to a certain extent, further affects the linewidth of the sum-frequency laser, and cannot obtain high-power single-frequency or narrow-linewidth sum-frequency lasers.
  • the few-frequency laser formed by combining multiple single-frequency laser beams can also suppress SBS during the amplification process, but because there is no fixed phase relationship between multiple single-frequency lasers, four-wave mixing occurs during high-power amplification, resulting in laser
  • the line width is further broadened, thereby affecting the line width characteristics of the sum-frequency laser, where four-wave mixing is referred to as FWM.
  • the spectral compression technology based on phase modulation and frequency doubling can effectively solve the problem of low output power of single-frequency visible light and ultraviolet lasers.
  • the frequency doubling scheme requires step-type signals such as square waves or pseudo-random codes for phase modulation with a fixed modulation depth.
  • to generate a frequency-doubled laser with a high demodulation rate generally requires high-quality signals, often with high cost, and at the same time, the SBS suppression ability is limited.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method for the problem of low output power of single-frequency or narrow-linewidth visible light or ultraviolet lasers in the prior art.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method is characterized in that: its implementation method is as follows, two single-frequency lasers output two single-frequency seed lasers, two drive signals are used to phase-modulate the two single-frequency lasers respectively, and the phase modulation At the same time, any signal with equal amplitude and opposite sign is applied to the two seed lasers, so that the line width of the two single-frequency lasers is broadened, the nonlinear effect is improved, and the two laser beams enter the laser amplifier, and the delay between the two signals is further adjusted.
  • the two beams of light enter the sum-frequency device after passing through the laser amplifier, and the sum of the phase modulation items of the sum-frequency laser in the sum-frequency device is constant, and finally obtain a single-frequency laser output through the nonlinear crystal sum frequency
  • phase modulation satisfies the following formula:
  • E 1 and E 2 are the single-frequency fundamental-frequency optical field intensity
  • E 0 represents the amplitude of the incident single-frequency fundamental-frequency light
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the phase modulation depths
  • ⁇ 1 (t) and ⁇ 2 (t) are Phase modulation function
  • f 1 ( ⁇ t) are arbitrary functions related to time
  • t is time
  • i is the imaginary number unit
  • ⁇ is the frequency contained in the phase modulation function
  • ⁇ is the phase modulation of two laser beams
  • C is a constant.
  • the drive signal is two signals, and when the drive signal is a periodic sine, cosine, square wave or triangular wave, the phase difference between the two is located at [n ⁇ - ⁇ - ⁇ /4 , n In the range of ⁇ + ⁇ + ⁇ /4 ], n is an odd number, and ⁇ is the phase difference between the two laser beams during the phase modulation to the sum frequency transmission process due to transmission amplification, and the driving signal compensates for the phase difference to achieve two The sum of the phase modulation terms of the laser beam is constant.
  • the driving signal is two signals, and when the driving signal is a periodic pulse, a pseudo-random signal or other arbitrary signals, the amplitudes of the two signals are equal and the signs are opposite, and the two driving signals are adjusted
  • the time delay between the signals, the sum of the phase modulation items of the two laser beams to achieve the sum frequency is constant.
  • the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-power sum-frequency laser generation system to address the shortcomings of the prior art.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation system including two first single-frequency lasers and second single-frequency lasers with a linewidth of less than 10 GHz and a center wavelength difference of no more than 6 microns, a signal generator, a first phase modulator, a second A phase modulator, a sum-frequency laser amplification system and a laser sum-frequency device; the two driving signals generated by the signal generator respectively drive the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator to phase two single-frequency lasers Modulation, and then amplified and combined by the sum-frequency laser amplification system to improve the nonlinear effect, the sum of the phase modulation items on the two laser beams that finally enter the laser sum-frequency device is constant, and a single-frequency sum-frequency laser output is obtained.
  • the sum-frequency laser amplification system includes a laser beam combining device, a laser amplification system, and an isolator;
  • the laser beam combining device selects a fiber laser beam splitter or coupler with a pigtail, and a laser beam splitter , a dichroic mirror, a polarization beam splitter or a laser beam combiner or a wavelength division multiplexer; one end of the laser beam combiner is connected to the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator, and the other end is connected to the laser amplifier System connection, the laser output from the laser amplification system passes through the isolator;
  • the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator are respectively connected to the laser amplification system, and the laser amplification system is connected to the laser beam combining device, and then passes through the isolator;
  • the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator are respectively connected to the laser amplification system, the laser amplification system is connected to the isolator, and then jointly connected to the laser beam combining device.
  • the signal generator is a signal generator with adjustable signal amplitude, the peak value is not greater than 10kV and the bias is adjustable, and the frequency range of the signal generated by the signal generator is 0-100GHz or code Rate 0-500Gbps;
  • the signal generator can generate multiple signals, and the phase or time delay between the signals can be mutually locked and adjusted;
  • the driving signal sent by the signal generator is selected from periodic signals or non-periodic arbitrary signals, and the periodic signals include sine signals, cosine signals, triangle wave signals, square wave signals, pulse signals, etc.; pseudo-random code signals A signal whose magnitude varies stepwise with time.
  • the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator are electro-optical phase modulators with fiber tails or space electro-optic phase modulators, the output amplitude and frequency regulated by the signal generator Or code rate, changing the modulation depth and frequency interval of the phase-modulated laser.
  • the laser amplification system includes parallel or cascaded one or more stages of rare earth doped solid amplifiers, solid Raman amplifiers, rare earth doped fiber amplifiers, and fiber Raman amplifiers.
  • the sum frequency device adopts intracavity frequency multiplication, extracavity resonance frequency multiplication, single-pass frequency multiplication, cascaded single-pass frequency multiplication, and double-pass frequency multiplication;
  • the sum-frequency crystal in the sum-frequency device is selected from: periodically poled lithium niobate, periodically poled lithium niobate doped with magnesium oxide, stoichiometric ratio lithium tantalate doped with magnesium oxide periodically poled, period Sexually polarized potassium titanyl phosphate crystal, periodically poled potassium titanyl arsenate, potassium titanyl arsenate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium diduterium phosphate, ⁇ -barium metaborate crystal, lithium triborate crystal, boric acid Bismuth crystals, lithium cesium borate crystals, or potassium titanyl phosphate crystals.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a phase modulation method for the deficiencies in the prior art.
  • a phase modulation method of the present invention is applied in laser sum-frequency technology, and is characterized in that two single-frequency lasers are respectively phase-modulated by two driving signals, and the modulated laser is amplified; during phase modulation, Apply any signal with equal amplitude and opposite sign to the two seed lasers, so that the sum of the phase modulation items of the two laser beams after amplification is constant;
  • phase modulation satisfies the following formula:
  • E 1 and E 2 are the single-frequency fundamental-frequency optical field intensity
  • E 0 represents the amplitude of the incident single-frequency fundamental-frequency light
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the phase modulation depths
  • ⁇ 1 (t) and ⁇ 2 (t) are Phase modulation function
  • f 1 ( ⁇ t) are arbitrary functions related to time
  • t is time
  • i is the imaginary number unit
  • ⁇ is the frequency contained in the phase modulation function
  • ⁇ is the phase modulation of two laser beams
  • C is a constant.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method, system and phase modulation method thereof of the present invention modulate and amplify the phase of the single-frequency dual-seed laser, so that the sum of the phase modulation items between the amplified two laser beams is constant, after
  • the laser sum frequency is used to obtain high-power single-frequency sum-frequency laser generation, and the sum-frequency generation is referred to as SFG.
  • Two arbitrary signals are used to modulate the phase modulation of the sum-frequency single-frequency laser, so that the phase modulation items of the two laser beams in the sum-frequency device and is a constant, the single-frequency SFG can be obtained through the sum-frequency process, which can avoid the broadening of the sum-frequency laser linewidth caused by suppressing SBS, and keep the sum-frequency linewidth characteristics of the single-frequency laser before phase modulation; a high-power laser of the present invention
  • the sum-frequency laser generation method and the phase modulation method adopted therefor adopt two arbitrary signals to modulate the phase modulation of the sum-frequency single-frequency laser, which can avoid complex devices and reduce system cost; the present invention adjusts the amplitude of the signal generator , frequency and phase, you can change the modulation depth, frequency interval, and phase or delay between signals of the phase-modulated laser, which not only can flexibly reduce the power spectral density of the single-frequency laser, thereby better suppressing SBS, but also flexibly and effectively
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method and its phase modulation method of the present invention are suitable for the sum-frequency of any two single-frequency seed lasers, and have a wide range of applications.
  • the system has the advantages of simple structure, flexible modulation, high output power, and stability It provides a high-power, high-stability single-frequency laser sum-frequency technology, which has important practical value and broad application prospects.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-power sum-frequency laser generating device provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram a of the sum-frequency laser amplification system provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram b of the sum-frequency laser amplification system provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram c of the sum-frequency laser amplification system provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is that the present invention provides the structural representation of the cascaded erbium-doped fiber laser amplifier
  • Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the parallel fiber laser amplifier provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a sum frequency device provided by the present invention.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method of the present invention its realization method is as follows, select two single-frequency lasers with a line width of less than 10 GHz and a center wavelength difference of not more than 6 microns to output two single-frequency seed lasers, and use two driving signals
  • the two single-frequency lasers are phase-modulated respectively, and the phase modulation is applied to the two seed lasers at the same time with an arbitrary signal with equal amplitude and opposite sign, so that the line width of the two single-frequency lasers is widened and the two laser beams enter the laser amplifier, and further Adjust the delay between the two signals, the two beams of light enter the sum-frequency device after passing through the laser amplifier, and the sum of the phase modulation items of the sum-frequency laser in the sum-frequency device is constant, and finally obtain a single-frequency laser output through the nonlinear crystal sum frequency, Among them, the phase modulation satisfies the following formula:
  • E 1 and E 2 are the single-frequency fundamental-frequency optical field intensity
  • E 0 represents the amplitude of the incident single-frequency fundamental-frequency light
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the phase modulation depths
  • ⁇ 1 (t) and ⁇ 2 (t) are Phase modulation function
  • f 1 ( ⁇ t) are arbitrary functions related to time
  • t is time
  • i is the imaginary number unit
  • ⁇ is the frequency contained in the phase modulation function
  • ⁇ is the phase modulation of two laser beams
  • C is a constant.
  • two arbitrary driving signals with equal amplitude and opposite signs are used to phase-modulate the two beams of single-frequency lasers, so that the sum of the phase modulation items of the two laser beams at the sum frequency is constant, thereby obtaining the single-frequency and frequency laser output.
  • Two driving signals are used to phase-modulate two single-frequency lasers, which are used to suppress nonlinear effects such as stimulated Brillouin scattering during laser amplification; the delay between the two driving signals is further adjusted to make phase modulation and amplification Finally, the sum of the phase modulation terms of the two laser beams with the sum frequency is a constant, and finally a single-frequency laser is obtained through the sum frequency process; wherein, the two drive signals for phase modulation are arbitrary signals, and the condition is satisfied: the amplitudes of the two drive signals are equal , and the signs are opposite, the two drive signals have equal amplitudes, including completely equal or nearly equal, and when the phase-modulated two beams of laser light are summed and frequency, the sum of the phase modulation items of the two laser beams is a constant.
  • the phase difference between the two is within the range of [n ⁇ - ⁇ - ⁇ /4 , n ⁇ + ⁇ + ⁇ /4 ], n is an odd number, and ⁇ is the phase difference generated by the transmission amplification of the two laser beams during the phase modulation to the sum frequency transmission process.
  • ⁇ is the phase difference generated by the transmission amplification of the two laser beams during the phase modulation to the sum frequency transmission process.
  • the two signals are equal in amplitude and opposite in sign, and by adjusting the time delay between the two signals, the two beams are used for The sum of the sum-frequency laser phase modulation items is constant, so that the single-frequency sum-frequency laser output is obtained.
  • two single-frequency lasers with a linewidth less than 10 GHz and a center wavelength difference of not more than 6 microns are used to pass through two phase modulators respectively, and two phase modulators are respectively applied to the two phase modulators.
  • An arbitrary signal with the same amplitude or close to it widens the line width of the two single-frequency lasers and allows the two laser beams to enter the laser amplifier.
  • the delay between the two signals is further adjusted so that after the two beams of light pass through the amplifier, they are at the sum frequency.
  • the sum of the phase modulation items in the device is a constant, and finally a single-frequency laser output is obtained through a nonlinear crystal sum frequency.
  • the phase modulation in the present invention has the characteristics of wide wavelength range and flexible adjustment.
  • the modulation process can effectively suppress the stimulated Brillouin scattering in the laser amplification and obtain high-power laser.
  • the Single-frequency and high-frequency laser outputs can be obtained, realizing the preparation of high-power, high-stability single-frequency or narrow-linewidth visible lasers.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generating system of the present invention includes: a first single-frequency laser 1, a second single-frequency laser 2, a signal generator 3, a first phase modulator 4, a second phase modulator 5, and a sum-frequency laser A laser amplification system 10 and a laser sum frequency device 9.
  • the first single-frequency laser 1 and the second single-frequency laser 2 are respectively connected to the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5, and the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5 are then jointly Connect the sum-frequency laser amplification system 10 and the laser sum-frequency device 9; the two signals generated by the signal generator 3 drive the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5 respectively, so that after the first The phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5 are amplified and combined by the sum-frequency laser amplification system 10, and the sum of the phase modulation items on the two laser beams that finally enter the laser sum-frequency device 9 is constant, thereby obtaining a single-frequency and frequency laser output.
  • the sum-frequency laser amplification system 10 includes: a laser beam combining device 6, a laser amplification system 7, and an isolator 8; the connection mode of the sum-frequency laser amplification system 10 may be: one end of the laser beam combining device 6 is commonly connected First phase modulator 4 and second phase modulator 5, the other end is connected with described laser amplifying system 7, and laser amplifying system 7 outputs laser and passes through described isolator 8 again successively; Described sum-frequency laser amplifying system 10 is connected The manner may also be: the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5 are respectively connected to the laser amplification system 7 .
  • the laser amplification system 7 is connected to the laser beam combining device 6 together, and then passes through the isolator 8 in sequence; or the laser amplification system 7 is connected to the isolator 8, and then connected to the laser beam combining device 6 together.
  • the first single-frequency laser 1 and the second single-frequency laser 2 can be rare earth-doped solid-state lasers, solid-state Raman lasers, distributed feedback DFB semiconductor lasers, external cavity semiconductor ECDL lasers, distributed feedback DFB fiber lasers or distributed Bragg Lasers such as reflective DBR fiber lasers, or any combination of the above-mentioned lasers, and the linewidth of the single-frequency laser generated is less than 10 GHz; the difference between the center wavelengths of the first single-frequency laser 1 and the second single-frequency laser 2 is not greater than 6 microns.
  • the signal generator 3 signals are periodic signals, including sine signals, cosine signals, triangular wave signals, square wave signals, pulse signals, etc.; pseudo-random code signals and other signals whose amplitudes change stepwise with time; and other arbitrary Signal.
  • the signal generator 3 can generate multiple signals, and the phase or time delay between the signals can be locked to each other, and can also be adjusted; the amplitude of the signal generated by the signal generator 3 is adjustable, the peak-to-peak value is not greater than 10kV, and the bias can be adjusted.
  • the frequency range of the signal generated by the signal generator 3 is 0-100GHz or the code rate is 0-500Gbps; the output amplitude, frequency or code rate of the signal generator 3 can be adjusted to change the modulation depth and the phase modulation laser respectively. frequency interval.
  • the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5 are electro-optic phase modulators or space electro-optic phase modulators with fiber tails, driven by the generator 3; the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator The output end of the device 5 is connected to the sum frequency laser amplification system 10.
  • the laser beam combiner 6 is a fiber laser beam splitter (or coupler) with a pigtail, a laser beam splitter, a dichroic mirror, a polarization beam splitter, a laser beam combiner or a wavelength division multiplexer WDM, etc.
  • the laser amplifying system 7 includes one or more rare-earth-doped solid amplifiers, solid-state Raman amplifiers, rare-earth-doped fiber amplifiers, fiber Raman amplifiers, etc. in parallel or in cascade, and the parallel or parallel connection of the above-mentioned laser amplifiers. cascade combination.
  • the sum frequency device 9 adopts intracavity frequency doubling, extracavity resonance frequency doubling, single-pass frequency doubling, cascaded single-pass frequency doubling, double-pass frequency doubling, etc.
  • the sum-frequency crystal in the sum-frequency device is: periodically poled lithium niobate PPLN, periodically poled lithium niobate MgO:PPLN doped with magnesium oxide, stoichiometric ratio of periodically poled tantalum doped with magnesium oxide Lithium MgO: PPSLT, periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate crystal PPKTP, periodically poled potassium titanyl arsenate PPKTA, potassium titanyl arsenate KTA, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), potassium dideuterium phosphate ( DKDP), ⁇ -barium metaborate crystal BBO, lithium triborate crystal LBO, bismuth borate crystal BIBO, lithium cesium borate crystal CLBO or potassium titanyl phosphate crystal KTP.
  • a phase modulation method of the present invention is applied in laser sum-frequency technology, adopting two driving signals to phase modulate two single-frequency lasers respectively, and amplifying the modulated lasers; during phase modulation, two seed The laser applies any signal with equal amplitude and opposite sign, so that the sum of the phase modulation items of the two laser beams after amplification is constant;
  • phase modulation satisfies the following formula:
  • E 1 and E 2 are the single-frequency fundamental-frequency optical field intensity
  • E 0 represents the amplitude of the incident single-frequency fundamental-frequency light
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the phase modulation depths
  • ⁇ 1 (t) and ⁇ 2 (t) are Phase modulation function
  • f 1 ( ⁇ t) are arbitrary functions related to time
  • t is time
  • i is the imaginary number unit
  • ⁇ is the frequency contained in the phase modulation function
  • ⁇ is the phase modulation of two laser beams
  • C is a constant.
  • a kind of high-power sum-frequency laser generation method of the present invention adopts two sinusoidal signals, respectively, two single-frequency lasers with a line width less than 10MHz are subjected to sinusoidal phase Modulation and spectrum expansion to suppress the SBS effect in the amplification process.
  • the two phase-modulated laser beams enter the cascaded laser amplifier for amplification, and the amplified laser is further passed through the isolator and then single-pass and frequency.
  • a high-power single-frequency sum-frequency laser is obtained.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation system in this embodiment includes that the first single-frequency laser 1 is a single-frequency distributed feedback semiconductor laser with a linewidth of 10 MHz, and the center wavelength is 1064 nm; the second single-frequency laser 2 is a single-frequency laser with a linewidth of 2 MHz.
  • Frequency distribution feedback DFB fiber laser the center wavelength is 1064.5nm; the signal generator 3 uses an arbitrary wave signal source to generate two sinusoidal signals, the frequency is 100MHz, the output amplitude is 6V, and the phase between the signals is fixed as ⁇ - ⁇ / 5.
  • the sum-frequency laser amplifying system 10 is connected as follows: one end of the laser beam combiner 6 is connected to the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5, and the other end is connected to the laser amplifying system 7, and the laser amplifying system 7 outputs laser light Then pass through the isolator 8 in sequence.
  • the laser beam combiner 6 adopts a 2 ⁇ 2 50:50 beam splitter;
  • the laser amplification system 7 is a cascaded rare-earth-doped fiber laser amplifier, and its gain fiber is an ytterbium-doped fiber, of which 7.1 is a primary isolator, 7.2 It is a first-level ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier, 7.3 is a second-level isolator, 7.4 is a second-level ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier, 7.5 is a third-level isolator, and 7.6 is a third-level ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier.
  • the phase difference between the two sinusoidal signals is ⁇ /5
  • the sum of the phase modulation terms of the two laser beams in the sum-frequency device is 0,
  • the central wavelength of the output laser is 532.125 nm.
  • a kind of high-power sum-frequency laser generation method of the present invention adopts two square wave signals to perform phase Modulate and expand the spectrum to suppress the SBS effect during the amplification process; through two parallel laser amplifiers, the two laser beams are respectively amplified, and the amplified laser beams pass through the isolator respectively, and finally pass the laser beam together to combine the two laser beams Perform single-pass sum frequency; by adjusting the phase difference of two square wave signals, high-power single-frequency sum-frequency laser can be obtained.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation system in this embodiment includes that the first single-frequency laser 1 is a single-frequency external cavity semiconductor ECDL laser with a linewidth of 1 MHz, and the center wavelength is 1064 nm; the second single-frequency laser 2 is a linewidth of 4 MHz.
  • the signal generator 3 adopts an arbitrary wave signal source to generate two square wave signals with a frequency of 50MHz and an output amplitude of 8V, and the phase between the signals is fixed at ⁇ - ⁇ /8, drive the MgO-doped SLT first phase modulator 4 and the MgO-doped SLT second phase modulator 5 respectively, where ⁇ /8 is the phase difference between the two laser beams during transmission and amplification.
  • the sum-frequency laser amplification system 10 is connected in the following manner: the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5 are respectively connected to the laser amplification system 7, and the laser amplification system 7 is jointly connected to the laser beam combiner 6, and then sequentially through the isolator 8.
  • the laser beam combining device 6 adopts a 45° dichroic mirror, which is highly reflective to 1319nm and highly transparent to 1064nm;
  • the isolator 8 is a spatial isolator, including 1064nm and 13
  • the phase difference between the two square wave signals is ⁇ /8
  • the sum of the phase modulation terms of the two laser beams in the sum-frequency device is 0,
  • the center wavelength of the output laser is 588.928nm.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method of the present invention uses two triangular wave signals to phase two single-frequency lasers with a linewidth less than 0.8MHz, respectively. Modulate and expand the spectrum to suppress the SBS effect during the amplification process; two laser beams are combined by laser beams to perform cascaded laser amplification, and the two laser beams are amplified, and the amplified lasers pass through the isolator respectively, and finally perform a single-pass sum frequency ; By adjusting the time delay of two triangular wave signals, a high-power single-frequency sum-frequency laser is obtained.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation system in this embodiment includes that the first single-frequency laser 1 is a distributed Bragg reflection DBR single-frequency fiber laser with a line width of 0.3 MHz, and the central wavelength is 1063.5 nm; the second single-frequency laser 2 is Single-frequency distributed feedback DFB fiber laser with a line width of 0.8MHz, and a center wavelength of 1064.5nm; the signal generator 3 uses an arbitrary wave signal source to generate two triangular wave signals with a frequency of 150MHz and an output amplitude of 8V, and the phase between the signals Fixed as ⁇ - ⁇ /2, driving the MgO-doped LN first phase modulator 4 and the MgO-doped LN second phase modulator 5 respectively, where ⁇ /2 is the phase difference between the two laser beams during transmission and amplification.
  • the sum-frequency laser amplification system 10 is connected as follows: one end of the laser beam combiner 6 is connected to the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5, and the other end is connected to the laser amplification system 7, and the laser amplification system 7 outputs laser light Then pass through the isolator 8 in sequence.
  • the laser beam combining device adopts a 2 ⁇ 2 40:60 beam splitter;
  • the laser amplification system 7 is a cascaded rare earth-doped solid-state laser amplifier, and its gain is ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Yb:YAG crystal, where 7.1 is One-level isolator, 7.2 is a first-level Yb:YAG amplifier, 7.3 is a second-level isolator, 7.4 is a second-level Yb:YAG amplifier, 7.5 is a three-level isolator, and 7.6 is a three-level Yb:YAG amplifier.
  • N 2.
  • the isolator 8 is a 1064nm space isolator; the sum-frequency device 9 is a single-pass sum-frequency structure, 9.1 is an optical focusing lens, 9.2 is a sum-frequency crystal PPLN and its temperature control device, 9.3 is a beam splitter, and 9.4 is a collimating lens .
  • the phase difference between the two square wave signals is ⁇ /2
  • the sum of the phase modulation terms of the two laser beams in the sum-frequency device is about 0
  • the central wavelength of the output laser is 532nm.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method of the present invention adopts two pseudo-random signals of 2 7 -1 to generate two single-frequency signals with a linewidth less than 8MHz
  • the lasers are phase modulated separately, and the spectrum is expanded to suppress the SBS effect during the amplification process; through two parallel laser amplifiers, the two laser beams are respectively amplified, and the amplified lasers pass through the isolator respectively, and finally pass through the laser beam combination , perform single-pass sum-frequency of two laser beams; by adjusting the time delay of two 2 7 -1 pseudo-random signals, a high-power single-frequency sum-frequency laser is obtained.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation system in this embodiment includes that the first single-frequency laser 1 is a distributed Bragg reflection DBR single-frequency fiber laser with a linewidth of less than 8 MHz, and the central wavelength is 1064.1 nm; the second single-frequency laser 2 is A single-frequency Raman fiber laser with a line width of 2MHz and a central wavelength of 1319.2nm; the signal generator 3 is a pseudo-random code signal source, which generates two 2 7 -1 pseudo-random signals, the pseudo-code rate is 2Gbps, and the output amplitude is 7V.
  • the time delay between them is fixed at 910 ps, and the MgO-doped LN first phase modulator 4 and the MgO-doped LN second phase modulator 5 are respectively driven.
  • the connection mode of the sum-frequency laser amplification system 10 is: the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5 are respectively connected to the laser amplification system 7, and the laser amplification system 7 passes through the isolator 8 respectively, and then jointly Connect the laser beam combiner 6.
  • the laser amplification system 7 is the first rare-earth-doped fiber laser amplifier and the second silica fiber Raman laser connected in parallel.
  • the time delay of the two 2 7 -1 pseudo-random signals is fixed at 910 ps, the sum of the phase modulation terms of the two laser beams in the sum-frequency device is about 0, and the central wavelength of the output laser is 589nm.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method of the present invention uses two 2 3 -1 pseudo-random signals to generate two single-frequency signals with a linewidth of less than 1MHz
  • the lasers are phase modulated separately, and the spectrum is expanded to suppress the SBS effect during the amplification process; two laser beams are combined by laser beams, and cascaded laser amplification is performed, and the two laser beams are amplified, and the amplified laser beams pass through the isolator respectively, and finally Perform single-pass sum frequency; by adjusting the time delay of two 2 3 -1 pseudo-random signals, high-power single-frequency sum-frequency laser can be obtained.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation system in this embodiment comprises that the first single-frequency laser 1 is a single-frequency external-cavity semiconductor ECDL laser with a linewidth less than 0.5 MHz, the central wavelength is 1560 nm, and the second single-frequency laser 2 is a linewidth 1MHz single-frequency external-cavity semiconductor ECDL laser with a central wavelength of 1550nm; signal generator 3 is a pseudo-random code signal source, which generates two 2 3 -1 pseudo-random signals, a pseudo-code rate of 1.71Gbps, and an output amplitude of 10V.
  • the time delay is fixed at 800ps.
  • the sum-frequency laser amplifying system 10 is connected as follows: one end of the laser beam combiner 6 is connected to the first phase modulator 4 and the second phase modulator 5, and the other end is connected to the laser amplifying system 7, and the laser amplifying system 7 outputs laser light Then pass through the isolator 8 in sequence.
  • the laser beam combining device adopts 2 ⁇ 2 50:50 fiber couplers;
  • the isolator 8 is a 1550nm space isolator;
  • the sum-frequency device 9 is a double-pass sum-frequency structure, 9.1 is an optical focusing lens,
  • 9.2 includes a sum frequency crystal PPLN, a concave total reflection mirror for 1560nm and 1550nm high reflection and its temperature control device, 9.3 is a 777.5nm beam splitter, and 9.4 is a sum frequency light collimator lens.
  • the time delay of the two 2 3 -1 pseudo-random signals is fixed at 800 ps
  • the sum of the phase modulation items of the two laser beams in the sum-frequency device is about 0
  • the central wavelength of the output laser is 777.492 nm.
  • a high-power sum-frequency laser generation method and system of the present invention realizes high-power output through phase modulation and amplification of the sum-frequency single-frequency dual-seed laser, and further obtains high-power single-frequency laser through the sum-frequency process; wherein, Phase modulation applies arbitrary signals with equal amplitude and opposite sign to the two seed lasers at the same time, and makes the sum of the phase modulation term constant in the sum-frequency process, which effectively breaks through the power limitation of traditional single-frequency visible laser technology and realizes high-power , High stability single frequency and frequency visible laser output.

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Abstract

一种高功率和频激光产生方法、及系统及其相位调制方法，将两个单频激光器（1、2）输出两个单频种子激光，采用两个驱动信号分别对两个单频激光进行相位调制，相位调制同时对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，使得两个单频激光线宽展宽并让两束激光进入和频激光放大系统（10），同时进一步调节两个信号间的延迟，通过激光和频装置（9）和频得到单频激光输出。具有波长范围广、结构简单紧凑、设计灵活、成本低等优点，能有效突破传统单频可见激光技术的功率限制，为高功率、高稳定性的单频可见激光技术提供了新的技术方案，具有重要的实用价值和应用前景。

Description

一种高功率和频激光产生方法、系统及其相位调制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及激光技术领域，尤其涉及一种高功率和频激光产生方法、系统及其相位调制方法。
背景技术
红外激光通过二阶非线性过程，如倍频、和频以及光参量振荡等方法可以有效拓展激光的波长范围，实现可见光及紫外激光输出。可见光及紫外波段的激光在激光显示、金属加工、量子信息技术、激光遥感与探测、医学成像与治疗、以及冷原子等领域具有重要的应用。激光和频技术是获得高功率可见光与紫外激光的有效方式。在实际应用中，实现高效的和频转换效率以及高功率和频激光输出，需要两束高功率的单频激光泵浦，而单频激光功率提升受限于各种非线性效应，特别是受激布里渊散射，从而导致可见光与紫外激光功率受限，其中受激布里渊散射简称SBS。相位调制技术因诸多优点被广泛应用于高功率单频、窄线宽光纤激光的功率提升。
但相位调制过程，将单频激光线宽展宽后再放大，一定程度上破坏了激光的窄线宽特性，进一步影响和频激光线宽，不能获得高功率的单频或窄线宽和频激光。多个单频激光合束形成的少频激光，在放大过程中也可以抑制SBS，但因多个单频激光之间无固定相位关系，高功率放大过程中产生四波混频等，导致激光线宽进一步展宽，从而影响和频激光线宽特性，其中四波混频简称FWM。基于相位调制以及倍频的光谱压缩技术，可以有效的解决单频可见光和紫外激光输出功率低的问题，然而倍频方案需要方波或伪随机码等阶跃型信号进行固定调制深度的相位调制，产生高解调率的倍频激光，一般需要高质量的信号，往往成本较高，同时SBS抑制能力有限。
因此，如何避免相位调制过程中影响和频激光线宽，解决单频或窄线宽的可见光和紫外激光输出功率低的问题，产生高光谱强度、窄线宽的激光是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于，针对现有技术中单频或窄线宽的可见光或紫外激光输出功率低的问题，提供一种高功率和频激光产生方法。
为此，本发明的上述目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种高功率和频激光产生方法，其特征在于：其实现方法如下，两个单频激光器输出 两个单频种子激光，采用两个驱动信号分别对两个单频激光进行相位调制，相位调制同时对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，使得两个单频激光线宽展宽，改善非线性效应，并让两束激光进入激光放大器，同时进一步调节两个信号间的延迟，两束光通过激光放大器后进入和频装置，和频装置中和频的激光的相位调制项之和为常数，最终通过非线性晶体和频得到单频激光输出，
其中，相位调制时满足下述公式：
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000004
其中，E 1、E 2为单频基频光电场强度，E 0表示入射单频基频光的振幅，β 1、β 2为相位调制深度，φ 1(t)、φ 2(t)为相位调制函数，f 1(Ωt)、f 2(Ωt)为与时间相关的任意函数，t为时间，i为虚数单位，Ω为相位调制函数所包含的频率，φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，C为常数。
在采用上述技术方案的同时，本发明还可以采用或者组合采用如下技术方案：
作为本发明的优选技术方案：所述驱动信号为两个信号，当驱动信号为周期性的正弦、余弦、方波或三角波时，两者相位差位于[n π-φ-π/4,n π+φ+π/4]范围内，n为奇数、φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，驱动信号补偿该相位差，实现和频的两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数。
作为本发明的优选技术方案：所述驱动信号为两个信号，所述驱动信号为周期性的脉冲、伪随机信号或其他任意信号时，两个信号幅值相等、符号相反，调节两个驱动信号间的时间延迟，实现和频的两束激光相位调制项之和为常数。
本发明第二个目的在于，针对现有技术中存在的不足，提供一种高功率和频激光产生系统。
为此，本发明的上述目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种高功率和频激光产生系统，包括两个线宽小于10GHz、中心波长差不大于6微米的第一单频激光器和第二单频激光器、信号发生器、第一相位调制器、第二相位调制器、 和频激光放大系统以及激光和频装置；所述信号发生器产生的两个驱动信号，分别驱动所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器对两个单频激光进行相位调制，再经过和频激光放大系统放大以及合束，改善非线性效应，最终进入激光和频装置的两束激光上的相位调制项之和为常数，获得单频的和频激光输出。
在采用上述技术方案的同时，本发明还可以采用或者组合采用如下技术方案：
作为本发明的优选技术方案：和频激光放大系统包括激光合束装置、激光放大系统、隔离器；所述激光合束装置选用带尾纤的光纤激光分束器或耦合器、激光分束镜、二向色镜、偏振分束器或激光合束器或波分复用器；所述激光合束装置一端共同连接第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器，另一端与所述激光放大系统连接，激光放大系统输出的激光再通过所述隔离器；
或，所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器分别连接所述激光放大系统，所述激光放大系统共同连接激光合束装置，再通过所述隔离器；
或，所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器分别连接所述激光放大系统，所述激光放大系统连接所述隔离器，再共同连接所述激光合束装置。
作为本发明的优选技术方案：所述信号发生器为信号幅值可调的信号发生器，峰值不大于10kV且偏置可调，所述信号发生器产生的信号频率范围为0-100GHz或码率为0-500Gbps；
所述信号发生器可以产生多个信号，信号间的相位或时间延迟可以相互锁定和调节；
所述的信号发生器发出的驱动信号选用周期性信号或非周期性的任意信号，所述周期性信号，包括正弦信号、余弦信号、三角波信号、方波信号、脉冲信号等；伪随机码信号等幅值随时间阶跃型变化的信号。
作为本发明的优选技术方案：所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器为带纤尾的电光相位调制器或空间电光相位调制器，由所述信号发生器调节的输出幅值、频率或码率，改变相位调制激光的调制深度和频率间隔。
作为本发明的优选技术方案：所述激光放大系统包括并联或者级联的一级或多级稀土掺杂的固体放大器、固体拉曼放大器、稀土掺杂的光纤放大器、光纤拉曼放大器。
作为本发明的优选技术方案：所述和频装置采用腔内倍频，腔外谐振倍频、单通倍频、级联单通倍频、双通倍频；
所述和频装置中的和频晶体选用：周期性极化的铌酸锂、掺氧化镁的周期性极化铌酸 锂、掺氧化镁的周期性极化的化学计量比钽酸锂、周期性极化的磷酸钛氧钾晶体、周期性极化的砷酸钛氧钾、砷酸钛氧钾、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸二氘钾、β-偏硼酸钡晶体、三硼酸锂晶体、硼酸铋晶体、硼酸锂铯晶体或磷酸钛氧钾晶体。
本发明第三个目的在于，针对现有技术中存在的不足，提供一种相位调制方法。
为此，本发明的上述目的通过以下技术方案实现：
本发明的一种相位调制方法，应用在激光和频技术中，其特征在于：采用两个驱动信号分别对两个单频激光进行相位调制，并对调制后的激光进行放大；相位调制时，对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，使放大后两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数；
其中，相位调制时满足下述公式：
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000008
其中，E 1、E 2为单频基频光电场强度，E 0表示入射单频基频光的振幅，β 1、β 2为相位调制深度，φ 1(t)、φ 2(t)为相位调制函数，f 1(Ωt)、f 2(Ωt)为与时间相关的任意函数，t为时间，i为虚数单位，Ω为相位调制函数所包含的频率，φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，C为常数。
本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法、系统及其相位调制方法，将单频双种子激光相位调制和放大，使放大后的两束激光之间的相位调制项之和为常数，经过激光和频从而获得高功率单频和频激光产生，其中和频产生简称SFG，采用两个任意信号对和频的单频激光相位调制，使两束激光在和频装置中的相位调制项和为常数，通过和频过程就可以得到单频SFG，可以避免为抑制SBS导致的和频激光线宽展宽，保持单频激光在相位调制前的和频线宽特性；本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法及其采用的相位调制方法，采用两个任意信号对用于和频的单频激光相位调制，可以避免装置复杂，从而降低系统成本；本发明通过调节信号发生器的幅值、频率和相位，就可以改变相位调制激光的调制深度、频率间隔以及信号间的相位或延迟，不仅可以灵活的降低单频激光的功率谱密度，从而更好的抑制SBS，而且可以灵活有效地调节两束激光在和频装置中的相位延迟，得到单频SFG。 本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法及其相位调制方法，适用于任意两个单频种子激光的和频，应用范围广，其系统具有结构简单、调制灵活、输出功率高、稳定性好、成本低等特点，提供了一种高功率、高稳定性的单频激光和频技术的新方案，具有重要的实用价值和广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的高功率和频激光产生装置示意图；
图2是本发明提供的和频激光放大系统结构示意图a；
图3是本发明提供的和频激光放大系统结构示意图b；
图4是本发明提供的和频激光放大系统结构示意图c；
图5是本发明提供级联的掺铒光纤激光放大器的结构示意图；
图6是本发明提供并联的光纤激光放大器的结构示意图；
图7是本发明提供的和频装置的结构示意图；
附图中：
第一单频激光器1；第二单频激光器2；信号发生器3；第一相位调制器4；第二相位调制器5；激光合束装置6；激光放大系统7，7.1是一级隔离器、7.2是一级放大器，7.3是二级隔离器、7.4是二级放大器，7.5是三级隔离器、7.6是三级放大器；隔离器8；激光和频装置9；9.1为光学聚焦透镜，9.2为和频晶体及其温控装置，9.3为分光镜，9.4为准直透镜；和频激光放大系统10。
具体实施方式
参照附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细地描述。
本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法，其实现方法如下，选用两个线宽小于10GHz、中心波长差不大于6微米的单频激光器输出两个单频种子激光，采用两个驱动信号分别对两个单频激光进行相位调制，相位调制同时对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，使得两个单频激光线宽展宽并让两束激光进入激光放大器，同时进一步调节两个信号间的延迟，两束光通过激光放大器后进入和频装置，和频装置中和频的激光的相位调制项之和为常数，最终通过非线性晶体和频得到单频激光输出，其中，相位调制时满足下述公式：
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000012
其中，E 1、E 2为单频基频光电场强度，E 0表示入射单频基频光的振幅，β 1、β 2为相位调制深度，φ 1(t)、φ 2(t)为相位调制函数，f 1(Ωt)、f 2(Ωt)为与时间相关的任意函数，t为时间，i为虚数单位，Ω为相位调制函数所包含的频率，φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，C为常数。
本发明中，采用两个幅值大小相等、符号相反的任意驱动信号，分别对两束单频激光相位调制，使和频时的两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数，从而获得单频和频激光输出。采用两个驱动信号，分别对两个单频激光进行相位调制，用于激光放大过程中抑制受激布里渊散射等非线性效应；进一步调节两个驱动信号间的延迟，使得相位调制与放大后，进行和频的两束激光的相位调制项和为常数，最终通过和频过程获得单频激光；其中，相位调制的两个驱动信号是任意信号，满足条件：两个驱动信号幅值相等、符号相反，两个驱动信号幅值相等包括完全相等或接近相等，且使得相位调制后的两束激光进行和频时，两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数。
当所述驱动信号为两个信号为周期性的正弦、余弦、方波或三角波时，两者相位差位于[n π-φ-π/4,n π+φ+π/4]范围内，n为奇数、φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中，由于传输放大等产生的相位差，通过补偿该相位，使得和频的两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数。
当所述驱动信号为两个信号为周期性的脉冲、伪随机信号，或其他任意信号时，两个信号幅值相等、符号相反，通过调节两个信号间的时间延迟，使两束用于和频的激光相位调制项之和为常数，从而获得单频的和频激光输出。
本发明的高功率和频激光产生方法，利用两个线宽均小于10GHz、中心波长差不大于6微米的单频激光器分别通过两个相位调制器，对两个相位调制器分为别施加两个幅值大小相等或接近的任意信号，使得两个单频激光线宽展宽并让两束激光进入激光放大器，同时进一步调节两个信号间的延迟，使得两束光通过放大器后，在和频装置中其相位调制项之和为常数，最终通过非线性晶体和频得到单频激光输出。
本发明中的相位调制具有波长范围广、调节灵活的特点，调制过程既能有效抑制激光 放大中的受激布里渊散射，并获得高功率激光，同时通过调节两个信号间的延迟，就可以获得单频和频激光输出，实现了高功率、高稳定性的单频或窄线宽可见激光的制备。
本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生系统，包括：第一单频激光器1、第二单频激光器2、信号发生器3、第一相位调制器4、第二相位调制器5、和频激光放大系统10以及激光和频装置9。
所述第一单频激光器1、第二单频激光器2分别连接所述第一相位调制器4、第二相位调制器5，所述第一相位调制器4、第二相位调制器5再共同连接所述和频激光放大系统10以及激光和频装置9；所述信号发生器3产生的两个信号，分别驱动所述第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5，使经过第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5，再经过和频激光放大系统10放大以及合束，最终进入激光和频装置9的两束激光上的相位调制项之和为常数，从而获得单频的和频激光输出。
所述的和频激光放大系统10包括：激光合束装置6、激光放大系统7、隔离器8；所述的和频激光放大系统10连接方式可以是：所述激光合束装置6一端共同连接第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5，另一端与所述激光放大系统7连接，激光放大系统7输出激光再依次通过所述隔离器8；所述的和频激光放大系统10连接方式还可以是：所述第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5分别连接所述激光放大系统7。所述激光放大系统7共同连接激光合束装置6，再依次通过所述隔离器8；或所述激光放大系统7连接所述隔离器8，再共同连接所述激光合束装置6。
所述第一单频激光器1和第二单频激光器2可以是稀土掺杂的固体激光器、固体拉曼激光器、分布反馈DFB半导体激光器、外腔半导体ECDL激光器、分布反馈DFB光纤激光器或分布式布拉格反射DBR光纤激光器等激光器，或上述激光器的任意组合，且产生单频激光的线宽均小于10GHz；第一单频激光器1和第二单频激光器2中心波长差不大于6微米。
所述的信号发生器3信号为周期性信号，包括正弦信号、余弦信号、三角波信号、方波信号、脉冲信号等；伪随机码信号等幅值随时间阶跃型变化的信号；及其他任意信号。
所述信号发生器3可以产生多个信号，信号间的相位或时间延迟可以相互锁定，也可以调节；所述信号发生器3产生的信号幅值可调，峰峰值不大于10kV且偏置可调；所述信号发生器3产生的信号频率范围为0-100GHz或码率为0-500Gbps；调节信号发生器3的输出幅值、频率或码率，可以分别改变相位调制激光的调制深度和频率间隔。
所述第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5为带纤尾的电光相位调制器或空间电光相 位调制器，由所述发生器3驱动；第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5输出端连接和频激光放大系统10。
所述激光合束装置6为带尾纤的光纤激光分束器(或耦合器)、激光分束镜、二向色镜、偏振分束器、激光合束器或波分复用器WDM等具有激光合束功能的器件。
所述激光放大系统7包括并联或者级联的一级或多级稀土掺杂的固体放大器、固体拉曼放大器、稀土掺杂的光纤放大器、光纤拉曼放大器等，以及上述激光放大器的并连或者级联组合。
所述和频装置9采用腔内倍频，腔外谐振倍频、单通倍频、级联单通倍频、双通倍频等。
所述和频装置中的和频晶体为:周期性极化的铌酸锂PPLN、掺氧化镁的周期性极化铌酸锂MgO:PPLN、掺氧化镁的周期性极化的化学计量比钽酸锂MgO:PPSLT、周期性极化的磷酸钛氧钾晶体PPKTP、周期性极化的砷酸钛氧钾PPKTA、砷酸钛氧钾KTA、磷酸二氢钾(KDP)、磷酸二氘钾(DKDP)、β-偏硼酸钡晶体BBO、三硼酸锂晶体LBO、硼酸铋晶体BIBO、硼酸锂铯晶体CLBO或磷酸钛氧钾晶体KTP。
本发明的一种相位调制方法，应用在激光和频技术中，采用两个驱动信号分别对两个单频激光进行相位调制，并对调制后的激光进行放大；相位调制时，对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，使放大后两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数；
其中，相位调制时满足下述公式：
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-000016
其中，E 1、E 2为单频基频光电场强度，E 0表示入射单频基频光的振幅，β 1、β 2为相位调制深度，φ 1(t)、φ 2(t)为相位调制函数，f 1(Ωt)、f 2(Ωt)为与时间相关的任意函数，t为时间，i为虚数单位，Ω为相位调制函数所包含的频率，φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，C为常数。
实施例1
如图1、图2、图5、图7所示，本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法，采用两个正弦 信号，分别将两个线宽小于10MHz的单频激光，进行正弦相位调制，展开光谱以抑制放大过程中的SBS效应，通过激光合束，使相位调制后的两束激光共同进入级联的激光放大器放大，进一步将放大后的激光通过隔离器后单通和频，通过调节两个正弦相位调制信号的相位差，从而获得高功率单频和频激光。
本实施例中的一种高功率和频激光产生系统，包括第一单频激光器1为线宽10MHz的单频分布反馈半导体激光器，中心波长1064nm；第二单频激光器2为线宽2MHz的单频分布反馈DFB光纤激光器，中心波长1064.5nm；信号发生器3采用任意波信号源，产生两个正弦信号，频率均为100MHz，输出幅值均为6V，信号间的相位固定为π-π/5，分别驱动掺MgO的LN第一相位调制器4和MgO的LN第二相位调制器5，其中π/5为传输和放大过程中两束激光间的相位差。和频激光放大系统10连接为：所述激光合束装置6一端共同连接第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5，另一端与所述激光放大系统7连接，激光放大系统7输出激光再依次通过所述隔离器8。激光合束装置6，采用2×2的50：50分束器；激光放大系统7是级联的稀土掺杂光纤激光放大器，其增益光纤为掺镱光纤，其中7.1是一级隔离器、7.2是一级掺镱光纤放大器，7.3是二级隔离器、7.4是二级掺镱光纤放大器，7.5是三级隔离器、7.6是三级掺镱光纤放大器，此时N＝2；隔离器8为1064nm空间隔离器；激光和频装置9为单通和频结构，9.1为光学聚焦透镜，9.2为和频晶体PPSLT及其温控装置，9.3为分光镜，9.4为准直透镜。
本实施例中的的高功率和频激光产生系统中，两个正弦信号相位差为π/5，两束激光在和频装置中的相位调制项和为0，输出激光中心波长532.125nm。
实施例2
如图1、图3、图6、图7所示，本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法，采用两个方波信号，将两个线宽小于4MHz的单频激光，分别进行相位调制，展开光谱以抑制放大过程中的SBS效应；通过两台并联的激光放大器，分别对将两束激光进行放大，放大后的激光分别通过隔离器，最终共同通过激光合束，将两束激光进行单通和频；通过调节两个方波信号的相位差，从而获得高功率单频和频激光。本实施例中的一种高功率和频激光产生系统，包括第一单频激光器1为线宽1MHz的单频外腔半导体ECDL激光器，中心波长1064nm；第二单频激光器2为线宽4MHz的单频分布反馈DFB光纤激光器，中心波长1319nm；信号发生器3采用任意波信号源，产生两个方波信号，频率均为50MHz，输出幅值均为8V，信号间的相位固定为π-π/8，分别驱动掺MgO的SLT第一相位调制器4和MgO的SLT第二相位调制器5，其中 π/8为传输和放大过程中两束激光间的相位差。和频激光放大系统10连接方式为：所述第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5分别连接所述激光放大系统7，所述激光放大系统7共同连接激光合束装置6，再依次通过所述隔离器8。激光合束装置6，采用45°二向色镜，对1319nm高反、1064nm高透；激光放大系统7是第一路掺镱稀土光纤激光放大器与第二路掺磷光纤拉曼激光放大器的并联结构，其中7.1是第一路一级隔离器、7.2是第一路一级掺镱光纤放大器，7.5是第一路二级隔离器、7.6是第一路二级掺镱光纤放大器；7.3是第二路一级隔离器、7.4是第二路一级掺磷光纤拉曼激光放大器，7.7是第二路二级隔离器、7.8是第二路二级掺磷光纤拉曼激光放大器，此时N＝1；隔离器8为空间隔离器，包括1064nm与1319nm隔离器；激光和频装置9为级联单通和频结构，9.1为光学聚焦透镜，9.2包含两块和频晶体LBO、聚焦透镜以及温控装置，9.3为分光镜，9.4为准直透镜。
本实施例中的高功率和频激光产生系统中，两个方波信号相位差为π/8，两束激光在和频装置中的相位调制项和为0，输出激光中心波长588.928nm。
实施例3：
如图1、图2、图5、图7所示，本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法，采用两个三角波信号，将两个线宽小于0.8MHz的单频激光，分别进行相位调制，展开光谱以抑制放大过程中的SBS效应；两束激光通过激光合束，进行级联激光放大，对将两束激光进行放大，放大后的激光分别通过隔离器，最终进行单通和频；通过调节两个三角波信号的时间延迟，从而获得高功率单频和频激光。
本实施例中的一种高功率和频激光产生系统，包括第一单频激光器1为线宽0.3MHz的分布式布拉格反射DBR单频光纤激光器，中心波长1063.5nm；第二单频激光器2为线宽0.8MHz的单频分布反馈DFB光纤激光器，中心波长1064.5nm；信号发生器3采用任意波信号源，产生两个三角波信号，频率均为150MHz，输出幅值均为8V，信号间的相位固定为π-π/2，分别驱动掺MgO的LN第一相位调制器4和MgO的LN第二相位调制器5，其中π/2为传输和放大过程中两束激光间的相位差。和频激光放大系统10连接为：所述激光合束装置6一端共同连接第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5，另一端与所述激光放大系统7连接，激光放大系统7输出激光再依次通过所述隔离器8。激光合束装置，采用2×2的40：60分束器；激光放大系统7是级联的稀土掺杂的固体激光放大器，其增益为掺镱钇铝石榴石Yb:YAG晶体，其中7.1是一级隔离器、7.2是一级Yb:YAG放大器，7.3是二级隔离器、7.4是二级Yb:YAG放大器，7.5是三级隔离器、7.6是三级Yb:YAG放大器，此时N＝2；隔离器8为1064nm空间 隔离器；和频装置9为单通和频结构，9.1为光学聚焦透镜，9.2为和频晶体PPLN及其温控装置，9.3为分光镜，9.4为准直透镜。
本实施例中的高功率和频激光产生系统中，两个方波信号相位差为π/2，两束激光在和频装置中的相位调制项和约为0，输出激光中心波长532nm。
实施例4：
如图1、图4、图6、图7所示，本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法，采用两个2 7-1的伪随机信号，将两个线宽小于8MHz的单频激光，分别进行相位调制，展开光谱以抑制放大过程中的SBS效应；通过两台并联的激光放大器，分别对将两束激光进行放大，放大后的激光分别通过隔离器，最终共同通过激光合束，将两束激光进行单通和频；通过调节两路2 7-1的伪随机信号的时间延迟，从而获得高功率单频和频激光。
本实施例中的一种高功率和频激光产生系统，包括第一单频激光器1为线宽小于8MHz的分布式布拉格反射DBR单频光纤激光器，中心波长1064.1nm；第二单频激光器2为线宽2MHz的单频拉曼光纤激光器，中心波长1319.2nm；信号发生器3为伪随机码信号源，产生两路2 7-1的伪随机信号，伪码速率2Gbps，输出幅值7V，信号间的时间延迟固定为910ps，分别驱动掺MgO的LN第一相位调制器4和MgO的LN第二相位调制器5。和频激光放大系统10连接方式为：所述第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5分别连接所述激光放大系统7，所述激光放大系统7分别通过所述隔离器8，再共同连接激光合束装置6。激光放大系统7是并联的第一路稀土掺杂光纤激光放大器和第二路石英光纤拉曼激光器，其增益光纤分别为掺镱光纤和无源石英光纤，其中7.1是第一路一级隔离器、7.2是第一路一级掺镱光纤放大器，7.5是第一路二级隔离器、7.6是第一路二级掺镱光纤放大器，7.9是第一路三级隔离器、7.10是第一路三级掺镱光纤放大器；7.3是第二路一级隔离器、7.4是第二路一级掺镱光纤放大器，7.7是第二路二级隔离器、7.8是第二路二级掺镱光纤放大器，7.11是第二路三级隔离器、7.15是第二路三级掺镱光纤放大器，此时N＝2；隔离器8为空间隔离器，包括1064nm与1319nm隔离器；和频装置9为单通和频结构，9.1为光学聚焦透镜，9.2为和频晶体LBO及其温控装置，9.3为分光镜，9.4为准直透镜。
本实施例中的高功率和频激光产生系统中，两个2 7-1的伪随机信号时间延迟固定为910ps，两束激光在和频装置中的相位调制项和约为0，输出激光中心波长589nm。
实施例5：
如图1、图2、图6、图7所示，本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法，采用两个2 3-1的伪随机信号，将两个线宽小于1MHz的单频激光，分别进行相位调制，展开光谱以抑制放大过程中的SBS效应；两束激光通过激光合束，进行级联激光放大，对将两束激光进行放大，放大后的激光分别通过隔离器，最终进行单通和频；通过调节两路2 3-1的伪随机信号的时间延迟，从而获得高功率单频和频激光。
本实施例中的一种高功率和频激光产生系统，包括第一单频激光器1为线宽小于0.5MHz的单频外腔半导体ECDL激光器，中心波长1560nm，第二单频激光器2为线宽1MHz的单频外腔半导体ECDL激光器，中心波长1550nm；信号发生器3为伪随机码信号源，产生两路2 3-1的伪随机信号，伪码速率1.71Gbps，输出幅值10V，信号间的时间延迟固定为800ps。和频激光放大系统10连接为：所述激光合束装置6一端共同连接第一相位调制器4和第二相位调制器5，另一端与所述激光放大系统7连接，激光放大系统7输出激光再依次通过所述隔离器8。激光合束装置，采用2×2的50：50光纤耦合器；激光放大系统7是级联的掺铒光纤激光放大器，其增益光纤为掺铒光纤，其中7.1是一级光纤隔离器、7.2是一级掺铒光纤放大器，7.3是二级光纤隔离器、7.4是二级掺铒光纤放大器，此时N＝1；隔离器8为1550nm空间隔离器；和频装置9为双通和频结构，9.1为光学聚焦透镜，9.2包含和频晶体PPLN、凹面全反射镜对1560nm和1550nm高反及其温控装置，9.3为777.5nm分光镜，9.4为和频光准直透镜。
本实施例的高功率和频激光产生系统中，两个2 3-1的伪随机信号时间延迟固定为800ps，两束激光在和频装置中的相位调制项和约为0，输出激光中心波长777.492nm。
本发明的一种高功率和频激光产生方法及系统，在对和频的单频双种子激光相位调制和放大，实现高功率输出，并进一步通过和频过程得到高功率单频激光；其中，相位调制同时对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，并使其在和频过程中相位调制项和为常数，有效突破传统单频可见激光技术的功率限制，实现了高功率、高稳定性的单频和频频可见激光输出。
上述具体实施方式用来解释说明本发明，仅为本发明的优选实施例，而不是对本发明进行限制，在本发明的精神和权利要求的保护范围内，对本发明做出的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，都落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高功率和频激光产生方法，其特征在于：其实现方法如下，两个单频激光器输出角频率为ω 1和ω 2的两个单频种子激光，采用两个驱动信号分别对角频率为ω 1和ω 2的两个单频激光进行相位调制，相位调制同时对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，使得两个单频激光线宽展宽并让两束激光进入激光放大器，同时进一步调节两个信号间的延迟，两束光通过激光放大器后进入和频装置，和频装置中和频的激光的相位调制项之和为常数，最终通过非线性晶体和频得到单频激光输出，其中，相位调制满足公式：
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100004
    其中，E 1、E 2为单频基频光电场强度，E 0表示入射单频基频光的振幅，β 1、β 2为相位调制深度，φ 1(t)、φ 2(t)为相位调制函数，f 1(Ωt)、f 2(Ωt)为与时间相关的任意函数，t为时间，i为虚数单位，Ω为相位调制函数所包含的频率，φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，C为常数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的高功率和频激光产生方法，其特征在于：所述驱动信号为两个信号，当驱动信号为周期性的正弦、余弦、方波或三角波时，两者相位差位于[n π-φ-π/4,n π+φ+π/4]范围内，n为奇数、φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，调节驱动信号补偿该相位差，以实现用于和频的两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的高功率和频激光产生方法，其特征在于：所述驱动信号为两个信号，所述驱动信号为周期性的脉冲、伪随机信号或其他任意信号时，两个信号幅值相等、符号相反，调节两个驱动信号间的时间延迟，以实现经过相位调制和放大后，用于和频的两束激光相位调制项之和为常数。
  4. 采用权利要求1-3任一权利要求所述方法的高功率和频激光产生系统，其特征在于：包括两个线宽小于10GHz、中心波长差不大于6微米的第一单频激光器和第二单频激光器、信号发生器、第一相位调制器、第二相位调制器、和频激光放大系统以及激光和频装置；所述信号发生器产生的两个驱动信号，分别驱动所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器对两个单频激光进行相位调制，改善放大过程中的非线性效应，再经过和频激光放大系统放大以及合束，最终进入激光和频装置的两束激光上的相位调制项之和为常数，获得单频的和频激光输出。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的高功率和频激光产生系统，其特征在于：和频激光放大系统包括激光合束装置、激光放大系统、隔离器；
    所述激光合束装置一端共同连接第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器，另一端与所述激光放大系统连接，激光放大系统输出的激光再通过所述隔离器；
    或，所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器分别连接所述激光放大系统，所述激光放大系统共同连接激光合束装置，再通过所述隔离器；
    或，所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器分别连接所述激光放大系统，所述激光放大系统连接所述隔离器，再共同连接所述激光合束装置或，所述激光合束装置选用带尾纤的光纤激光分束器或耦合器、激光分束镜、二向色镜、偏振分束器或激光合束器或波分复用器。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的高功率和频激光产生系统，其特征在于：所述信号发生器为信号幅值可调的信号发生器，峰值不大于10kV且偏置可调，所述信号发生器产生的信号频率范围为0-100GHz或码率为0-500Gbps；所述信号发生器可以产生多个信号，信号间的相位或时间延迟可以相互锁定和调节；
    所述的信号发生器发出的驱动信号选用周期性信号或非周期性的任意信号，所述周期性信号选用正弦信号、余弦信号、三角波信号、方波信号、脉冲信号；伪随机码信号，以及幅值随时间阶跃型变化的信号。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的高功率和频激光产生系统，其特征在于：所述第一相位调制器和第二相位调制器为带纤尾的电光相位调制器或空间电光相位调制器，由所述信号发生器调节的输出幅值、时间延迟、频率或码率，分别改变相位调制激光的调制深度、相 位和频率间隔。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的高功率和频激光产生系统，其特征在于：所述激光放大系统包括并联或者级联的一级或多级稀土掺杂的固体放大器、固体拉曼放大器、稀土掺杂的光纤放大器、光纤拉曼放大器。
  9. 如权利要求4所述的高功率和频激光产生系统，其特征在于：所述和频装置采用腔内倍频，腔外谐振倍频、单通倍频、级联单通倍频、双通倍频；
    所述和频装置中的和频晶体选用：周期性极化的铌酸锂、掺氧化镁的周期性极化铌酸锂、掺氧化镁的周期性极化的化学计量比钽酸锂、周期性极化的磷酸钛氧钾晶体、周期性极化的砷酸钛氧钾、砷酸钛氧钾、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸二氘钾、β-偏硼酸钡晶体、三硼酸锂晶体、硼酸铋晶体、硼酸锂铯晶体或磷酸钛氧钾晶体。
  10. 一种相位调制方法，应用在激光和频技术中，其特征在于：采用两个驱动信号分别对两个单频激光进行相位调制，并对调制后的激光进行放大；相位调制时，对两个种子激光施加幅值相等、符号相反的任意信号，使放大后两束激光的相位调制项之和为常数；
    其中，相位调制时满足下述公式：
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2022127630-appb-100008
    其中，E 1、E 2为单频基频光电场强度，E 0表示入射单频基频光的振幅，β 1、β 2为相位调制深度，φ 1(t)、φ 2(t)为相位调制函数，f 1(Ωt)、f 2(Ωt)为与时间相关的任意函数，t为时间，i为虚数单位，Ω为相位调制函数所包含的频率，φ为两束激光在相位调制至和频的传输过程中因传输放大产生的相位差，C为常数。
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