WO2023102985A1 - 显示模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023102985A1
WO2023102985A1 PCT/CN2021/138493 CN2021138493W WO2023102985A1 WO 2023102985 A1 WO2023102985 A1 WO 2023102985A1 CN 2021138493 W CN2021138493 W CN 2021138493W WO 2023102985 A1 WO2023102985 A1 WO 2023102985A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
substrate
crystal molecules
mode
molecules
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PCT/CN2021/138493
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶文龙
何瑞
程薇
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武汉华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US17/622,790 priority Critical patent/US11953777B2/en
Publication of WO2023102985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023102985A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/31—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers involving active parallax barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G02F1/13345—Network or three-dimensional gels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13706—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a display module and a display device having the display module.
  • the brain integrates the information of the two images through the movement and adjustment of the eyeballs, thereby recognizing the three-dimensional image and generating a three-dimensional effect.
  • the naked-eye 3D technology refers to allowing the left and right eyes to see two images with parallax difference on the display screen without using any tools, and the brain synthesizes the information of the two images to produce a three-dimensional effect.
  • switchable liquid crystal gratings are mostly used to switch between 3D and 2D modes.
  • the switchable liquid crystal gratings need to be used by a liquid crystal box with upper and lower polarizers, which will increase the thickness of the display and is not conducive to the display. Lightweight requirements.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a display module and a display device.
  • the display module can realize the function of a liquid crystal grating and switch between 3D and 2D modes without adding additional polarizers.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a display module, the display module includes a display panel, a grating assembly disposed on one side of the display panel, and a first polarizer disposed between the display panel and the grating assembly ;
  • the grating component includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions arranged at intervals, and a second region is provided between any adjacent two of the first regions;
  • the grating assembly also includes:
  • the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and includes first liquid crystal molecules and first dye molecules distributed in the first region, and first dye molecules distributed in the second region the second liquid crystal molecule and the second dye molecule;
  • the display module is switched between the first mode and the second mode, and in the first mode, the light transmission axis direction of the first dye molecule and the light transmission axis direction of the second dye molecule
  • the axis directions are all parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer, so that light passes through the first region and the second region; in the second mode, the light transmission of the first dye molecule
  • the cross-axis direction is parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer, and the light absorption axis direction of the second dye molecule is parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer, so that the light passing through the first polarizer
  • the amount of light in one area is greater than the amount of light passing through the second area.
  • the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule, the long axis of the first dye molecule, the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule and the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule are arranged along the first direction
  • the second mode the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules and the long axes of the first dye molecules are arranged along the first direction
  • the first liquid crystal molecules are arranged along the first direction.
  • the long axes of the two liquid crystal molecules and the long axes of the second dye molecules are aligned along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction;
  • the light absorption axis direction of the first dye molecule is parallel to its long axis direction
  • the light absorption axis direction of the second dye molecule is parallel to its long axis direction
  • the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer is parallel to the second direction.
  • the grating assembly further includes a first electrode layer disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, and a first electrode layer disposed on the second substrate close to the first substrate.
  • the second electrode layer on one side, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are used to apply voltage, at least adjust the long axis alignment direction of the second liquid crystal molecules, so as to control the display module in the switching between the first mode and the second mode.
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystals
  • the first electrode layer includes a first sub-electrode disposed in the second region.
  • the grating assembly further includes a first alignment layer disposed on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate, and a first alignment layer disposed on the side of the second electrode layer away from the first substrate.
  • the second alignment layer on one side of the second substrate, so that the initial alignment direction of the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules is parallel to the first direction.
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystals
  • the first electrode layer includes a second sub-electrode disposed in the first region and The third sub-electrode disposed in the second region
  • the grating assembly further includes a first wiring connected to the second sub-electrode and a second wiring connected to the third sub-electrode, respectively A voltage is applied to the second sub-electrode and the third sub-electrode.
  • the grating assembly further includes a third alignment layer disposed on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate, and a third alignment layer disposed on the side of the second electrode layer away from the first substrate.
  • the fourth alignment layer on one side of the second substrate, so that the initial alignment direction of the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • a display module includes a display panel and a grating assembly arranged on one side of the display panel;
  • the grating component includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions arranged at intervals, and a second region is provided between any adjacent two of the first regions;
  • the grating assembly also includes:
  • the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and includes first polymer liquid crystals and first dye molecules distributed in the first region, and distributed in the second region
  • the second polymer liquid crystal and the second dye molecule, and the first polymer liquid crystal includes the first liquid crystal molecule and the first polymer structure, and the second polymer liquid crystal includes the second liquid crystal molecule and the second polymer structure ;
  • the display module is switched between the first mode and the second mode.
  • the first mode the light incident on the liquid crystal layer along the third direction passes through the refractive index and the second mode of the first liquid crystal molecules.
  • Tong Ge said first polymer structure has the same refractive index, the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules and the long axes of the second dye molecules are arranged along the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to The first substrate and the second substrate allow light to pass through the first region and the second region.
  • the refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecules is the same as the refractive index passing through the first polymer structure, and the refractive index passing through at least some of the second liquid crystal molecules is different from the refractive index passing through the second polymer structure , so that the amount of light passing through the first region is greater than the amount of light passing through the second region.
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystals
  • both the first polymer liquid crystals and the second polymer liquid crystals are polymer dispersed liquid crystals.
  • Liquid crystal in the first mode, the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules and the long axes of the first dye molecules are aligned along the third direction, so that the liquid crystal layer is incident along the third direction
  • the refractive index of light passing through the first liquid crystal molecules is the same as the refractive index passing through the first polymer structure.
  • At least some of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules are arranged along directions other than the third direction, so that the The refractive index of light passing through at least part of the second liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is different from the refractive index passing through the second polymer structure.
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystals
  • both the first polymer liquid crystal and the second polymer liquid crystal are polymer networks Liquid crystal
  • the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule, the long axis of the first dye molecule and the first polymer structure are all arranged along the fourth direction
  • the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule The long axis, the long axis of the second dye molecule and the second polymer structure are all arranged along the third direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the third direction.
  • the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule, the long axis of the first dye molecule, the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule, the second dye Long axes of molecules and the first polymer structure are arranged along the fourth direction, and the second polymer structure is arranged along the third direction.
  • the grating assembly further includes a first electrode layer disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, and a first electrode layer disposed on the second substrate close to the first substrate.
  • the second electrode layer on one side, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are used to apply voltage, at least adjust the long axis alignment direction of the second liquid crystal molecules, so as to control the display module in the switching between the first mode and the second mode.
  • a display device includes a display module, and the display module includes a display panel and a grating assembly arranged on one side of the display panel;
  • the grating component includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions arranged at intervals, and a second region is provided between any adjacent two of the first regions;
  • the grating assembly also includes:
  • the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and includes first polymer liquid crystals and first dye molecules distributed in the first region, and distributed in the second region
  • the second polymer liquid crystal and the second dye molecule, and the first polymer liquid crystal includes the first liquid crystal molecule and the first polymer structure, and the second polymer liquid crystal includes the second liquid crystal molecule and the second polymer structure ;
  • the display module is switched between the first mode and the second mode.
  • the first mode the light incident on the liquid crystal layer along the third direction passes through the refractive index and the second mode of the first liquid crystal molecules. Since the refractive index of the first polymer structure is the same, the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules and the long axes of the second dye molecules are aligned along the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the the first substrate and the second substrate so that light passes through the first region and the second region; in the second mode, the light incident on the liquid crystal layer along the third direction passes through the The refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecules is the same as the refractive index passing through the first polymer structure, and the refractive index passing through at least part of the second liquid crystal molecules is different from the refractive index passing through the second polymer structure, The amount of light passing through the first region is greater than the amount of light passing through the second region.
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystals
  • both the first polymer liquid crystals and the second polymer liquid crystals are polymer dispersed liquid crystals.
  • Liquid crystal in the first mode, the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules and the long axes of the first dye molecules are aligned along the third direction, so that the liquid crystal layer is incident along the third direction
  • the refractive index of light passing through the first liquid crystal molecules is the same as the refractive index passing through the first polymer structure.
  • At least some of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules are arranged along directions other than the third direction, so that the The refractive index of light passing through at least part of the second liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is different from the refractive index passing through the second polymer structure.
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystals
  • both the first polymer liquid crystal and the second polymer liquid crystal are polymer networks Liquid crystal
  • the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule, the long axis of the first dye molecule and the first polymer structure are all arranged along the fourth direction
  • the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule The long axis, the long axis of the second dye molecule and the second polymer structure are all arranged along the third direction, and the fourth direction is perpendicular to the third direction.
  • the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule, the long axis of the first dye molecule, the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule, the second dye Long axes of molecules and the first polymer structure are arranged along the fourth direction, and the second polymer structure is arranged along the third direction.
  • the grating assembly further includes a first electrode layer disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, and a first electrode layer disposed on the second substrate close to the first substrate.
  • the second electrode layer on one side, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are used to apply voltage, at least adjust the long axis alignment direction of the second liquid crystal molecules, so as to control the display module in the switching between the first mode and the second mode.
  • the present application increases the dye molecules in the liquid crystal layer of the grating component, and controls the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the alternating first and second regions according to the guest-host effect between the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules, To control the deflection of the dye molecules in the first area and the second area, so that the light passing amount of the grating component in the first area is different from the light passing amount in the second area, so as to realize alternating light and dark stripes, and realize liquid crystal
  • the grating function enables the display module to switch between 3D and 2D modes; and this application only needs the grating component to cooperate with the first polarizer on the display panel to realize the switching function between 3D and 2D modes, without adding additional polarizers , which is conducive to the thinning and lightening of the display module.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path in the first mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical path in the second mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of the optical path in the first mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of the optical path in the second mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another structural schematic diagram of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is another schematic diagram of the optical path in the first mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic diagram of the optical path in the second mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 10 to 12 are schematic diagrams of a manufacturing process of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is another schematic structural view of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is another schematic diagram of the optical path in the first mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another optical path in the second mode of the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a display module, the display module includes a display panel 10, a grating assembly 20 and a first polarizer 30, the grating assembly 20 is arranged on one side of the display panel 10, and the first The polarizer 30 is disposed between the display panel 10 and the grating assembly 20 .
  • the grating assembly 20 includes a plurality of first regions 201 and a plurality of second regions 202 arranged at intervals, and a second region 202 is arranged between any two adjacent first regions 201 .
  • the grating assembly 20 also includes a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 disposed opposite to each other and a liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the liquid crystal layer 23 includes first liquid crystal molecules distributed in the first region 201 2311 and the first dye molecules 2321 , and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and the second dye molecules 2322 distributed in the second region 202 .
  • the display module provided by the embodiment of the present application is switched between the first mode and the second mode.
  • the first mode the light of the first dye molecule 2321 passes through the axial direction, and the light of the second dye molecule 2322
  • the transmission axis directions are all parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 30, so that the light passes through the first region 201 and the second region 202.
  • the embodiment of the present application adds dye molecules to the liquid crystal layer 23.
  • the arrangement direction of the first dye molecules 2321 located in the first region 201 follows the direction of the first liquid crystal molecules. 2311, the arrangement direction of the second dye molecules 2322 in the second region 202 depends on the arrangement direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 2312, and then in the first mode, the light transmission of the first dye molecules 2321 is controlled.
  • the cross-axis direction and the light transmission axis direction of the second dye molecule 2322 are parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 30, so that the light passes through the first region 201 and the second region 202 at the same time, so as to realize the display module.
  • the direction of the light transmission axis of the first dye molecule 2321 is controlled to be parallel to the direction of the light transmission axis of the first polarizer 30, and the direction of the light absorption axis of the second dye molecule 2322 is parallel to that of the first polarizer 30.
  • the direction of the light transmission axis makes the light pass through the first area 201 and not pass through the second area 202 or partly pass through the second area 202, so as to form a light and dark strip structure in the grating assembly 20, so as to realize the 3D display of the display module .
  • the display module includes a display panel 10 and a grating assembly 20 arranged oppositely, and The first polarizer 30 in between, and the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 30 is parallel to the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 .
  • the display panel 10 may be a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light emitting diode display panel
  • the first polarizer 30 may be an upper polarizer in the liquid crystal display panel or the organic light emitting diode display panel.
  • the grating assembly 20 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10, and the grating assembly 20 can control the formation of light and dark grating patterns to control the light-emitting path of the display panel 10, so that when the user watches the display module, it can present 3D display effect.
  • the grating assembly 20 can also be controlled to be in a light-transmitting state without changing the light output path of the display panel 10, so that the user can present a 2D display effect when watching the display module. Switch between and 3D display.
  • the grating assembly 20 includes a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 disposed opposite to each other, a first electrode layer 24 disposed on the side of the first substrate 21 close to the second substrate 22 , a first electrode layer 24 disposed on the second substrate 22
  • the second alignment layer 27 and the liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the first alignment layer 26 and the second alignment layer 27 .
  • the grating component 20 includes a plurality of first regions 201 and a plurality of second regions 202 distributed at intervals, and a second region 202 is provided between any adjacent two first regions 201, that is, the first region 201 and the second region
  • the regions 202 are arranged alternately;
  • the liquid crystal layer 23 includes first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and first dye molecules 2321 distributed in the first region 201 , and second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and second dye molecules 2322 distributed in the second region 202 .
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 are negative liquid crystals.
  • the directions of the light transmission axes of the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 are perpendicular to their long axis directions, and the directions of the light absorption axes of the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 are parallel to their directions. long axis direction.
  • first alignment layer 26 and the second alignment layer 27 can provide orientation for the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 in the liquid crystal layer 23, so that the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 have an initial alignment direction, and in this embodiment, the initial alignment directions of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 are parallel to the first direction X, that is, the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules
  • the major axis directions of 2312 are all arranged along the first direction X.
  • the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25 do not need to apply a voltage, so that the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 maintain the initial alignment, that is, the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecule
  • the long axes of the two liquid crystal molecules 2312 are aligned along the first direction X, while the first dye molecules 2321 and the second dye molecules 2322 also maintain the initial alignment due to the guest-host effect, that is, the long axes of the first dye molecules 2321 and the second dye molecules 2322
  • the long axes of the polarizers are arranged along the first direction X; at this time, the directions of the light transmission axes of the first dye molecules 2321 and the second dye molecules 2322 are parallel to the second direction Y, and the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 30
  • the direction is also parallel to the second direction Y, therefore, the light emitted through the display panel 10 can pass through the first region 201 and the second region 202 of
  • the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 in the second region 202 are deflected, and the first liquid crystal molecules in the first region 201 are deflected.
  • 2311 still maintain the initial alignment; at this time, the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 2311 and the long axis of the first dye molecule 2321 are kept aligned along the first direction X, and the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 2312 is aligned with the second dye molecule
  • the long axes of 2322 are all arranged along the second direction Y, because the light absorption axis direction of the second dye molecule 2322 is parallel to the second direction Y, and the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 30 is parallel to the second direction Y, and then the second dye molecule 2322 will absorb the light transmitted by the first polarizer 30; and the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 2311 and the long axis of the first dye molecule 23
  • both the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 are black dichroic dyes, which can absorb light and appear black, so as to increase the difference between light and shade between the first region 201 and the second region 202, and improve the 3D display effect .
  • the first electrode layer 24 includes a first sub-electrode disposed in the second region 202, and the first sub-electrode can be a strip electrode, and the second electrode layer 25 can be an electrode layer covering the entire surface , may also be strip-shaped electrodes corresponding to the first sub-electrodes; in addition, in other embodiments of the present application, the second electrode layer 25 may include strip-shaped electrodes disposed in the second region 202, while the first electrodes Layer 24 may be a full surface electrode.
  • a voltage can be applied to the first sub-electrode and the second electrode layer 25, so that the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 located in the second region 202 are deflected, so that the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 2312 and the long axis of the second dye molecule 2322
  • the axes are arranged along the second direction Y, so that the display module is in the second mode; when the first sub-electrode and the second electrode layer 25 are controlled not to be loaded with voltage, the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 2312 can be aligned with the second dye
  • the long axes of the molecules 2322 are kept aligned along the first direction X, so that the display module is in the first mode.
  • the voltage is applied to the electrode layer located in the second region 202, so as to realize the deflection of liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules in the second region 202, so that the second region 202 is in a light-transmitting state Or the light-absorbing state, so as to realize the switching between 2D display and 3D display of the display module.
  • the upper polarizer in the display panel 10 can be used to realize the light and dark stripe arrangement of the grating assembly 20.
  • one polarizer can be reduced.
  • the use of chips enhances the thinning and lightening of the display module.
  • in the first mode there is no need to apply voltage to the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25, which can reduce the power consumption of the display module.
  • the difference from the previous embodiment is that the side of the first electrode layer 24 close to the second electrode layer 25 is provided with The third alignment layer 28, the second electrode layer 25 is provided with a fourth alignment layer 29 on the side close to the first electrode layer 24, so that the initial alignment direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 is perpendicular to the first direction X, that is, parallel to the second direction Y.
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 are positive liquid crystals, and further, by applying a voltage to the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25, the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311, the first The long axis of the dye molecule 2321 , the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 2312 and the long axis of the second dye molecule 2322 are all parallel to the first direction X. At this time, the directions of the light absorption axes of the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 are parallel to the first direction X.
  • the first electrode layer 24 may include a second sub-electrode located in the first region 201 and a third sub-electrode located in the second region 202, and both the second sub-electrode and the third sub-electrode may be strip-shaped electrodes, and the second electrode layer 25 can also be an electrode layer covering the entire surface or include strip-shaped electrodes corresponding to the second sub-electrodes and strip-shaped electrodes corresponding to the third sub-electrodes.
  • the second sub-electrode and the third electrode are independently controlled, and the grating assembly 20 further includes a first wiring connected to the second sub-electrode and a second wiring connected to the third sub-electrode, respectively A voltage is applied to the second sub-electrode and the third sub-electrode.
  • a voltage is applied to the second sub-electrode, the third sub-electrode and the second electrode layer 25 at the same time, so that the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 2311, the long axis of the first dye molecule 2321, and the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 2312 and the long axes of the second dye molecules 2322 are arranged along the first direction X, at this time, the directions of the light transmission axes of the first dye molecules 2321 and the light transmission axes of the second dye molecules 2322 are parallel to the second direction Y , that is, parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 30, at this time the light emitted through the display panel 10 can pass through the grating assembly 20, that is, the grating assembly 20 does not change the light output path of the display panel 10, so that the display module is in 2D Display state.
  • Two directions Y that is, parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 30, so that the light emitted through the display panel 10 can pass through the first region 201, and not pass or partially pass through the second region 202, so that the grating assembly 20
  • a bright and dark stripe structure is formed so that the display module is in a 3D display state.
  • the first polarizer 30 can also be arranged on the side of the grating assembly 20 away from the display panel 10, that is, the display panel 10 and the grating assembly are stacked sequentially from bottom to top. 20 and the display module of the first polarizer 30 , and the specific structure of the grating assembly 20 can be the same as that in the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first region 201 is in a light-transmitting state, while the second region 202 is in a light-transmitting state or a light-absorbing state, so as to realize display
  • the module switches between 2D display and 3D display.
  • only the upper polarizer in the display panel 10 can be used to realize the light and dark stripe arrangement of the grating assembly 20.
  • the display panel 10 in the display module provided in the embodiment of the present application may be an LCD display panel or an OLED display panel.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a display module. Please refer to FIG.
  • the grating assembly 20 includes a plurality of first regions 201 and a plurality of second regions 202 arranged at intervals, and a second region 202 is provided between any two adjacent first regions 201, and the grating assembly 20 includes a plurality of oppositely arranged first regions 202.
  • the liquid crystal layer 23 includes a first polymer liquid crystal and a first dye molecule 2321 distributed in the first region 201, and a second polymer liquid crystal and a second dye molecule 2322 distributed in the second region 202, and the second A polymer liquid crystal includes first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and a first polymer structure 2331 , and a second polymer liquid crystal includes second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and a second polymer structure 2332 .
  • the display module switches between the first mode and the second mode, and in the first mode, light incident on the liquid crystal layer 23 along the third direction M is refracted by the first liquid crystal molecules 2311
  • the index of refraction is the same as that of the first polymer structure 2331, the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and the long axes of the second dye molecules 2322 are aligned along the third direction M, and the third direction M is perpendicular to the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 so that light passes through the first region 201 and the second region 202;
  • a polymer structure 2331 has the same refractive index, and the refractive index passing through at least part of the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 is different from the refractive index passing through the second polymer structure 2332, so that the amount of light passing through the first region 201 is greater than that passing through the second Amount of light for area 202 .
  • the embodiment of the present application controls the refractive index relationship between the liquid crystal molecules and the polymer structure in the first mode and the second mode, so that the refractive index of the light passing through the liquid crystal molecules and the polymer structure is the same, so that the The light does not scatter to pass through the liquid crystal layer 23, so that the display module is in a 2D display state; or the light passes through the liquid crystal molecules and the refractive index of the polymer structure is different, so that the light can be scattered, and the scattered light will be dyed Molecular absorption prevents the light or part of the light from passing through the liquid crystal layer 23, and then forms light and dark stripes in the grating assembly, so that the display module is in a 3D display state.
  • FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. A liquid crystal display panel and an organic light emitting diode display panel, and the liquid crystal display panel may have upper and lower polarizers (not shown in the figure), and the organic light emitting diode display panel may have an upper polarizer (not shown in the figure), or use
  • the color filter layer replaces the polarizer so that the organic light emitting diode display panel does not have an upper polarizer, which is not limited herein.
  • the grating assembly 20 includes a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 oppositely disposed, a first electrode layer 24 disposed on a side of the first substrate 21 close to the second substrate 22 , a first electrode layer 24 disposed on a side of the second substrate 22 close to the first substrate 21
  • the second electrode layer 25 and the liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25 .
  • the grating component 20 includes a plurality of first regions 201 and a plurality of second regions 202 arranged at intervals, and a second region 202 is disposed between any two adjacent first regions 201 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 23 includes a first polymer liquid crystal and a first dye molecule 2321 distributed in the first region 201, and a second polymer liquid crystal and a second dye molecule 2322 distributed in the second region 202, and the first polymer
  • the liquid crystal includes first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and a first polymer structure 2331
  • the second polymer liquid crystal includes second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and a second polymer structure 2332 .
  • both the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 are positive liquid crystals
  • the first polymer liquid crystal is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal
  • the second polymer liquid crystal is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal
  • Both the second polymer structure and the second polymer structure 2332 are continuous phases with isotropy, and their refractive index for light passing in any direction is the same, and then the refraction of liquid crystal molecules for light can be changed by controlling the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules rate, so that the scattering phenomenon occurs between the liquid crystal molecules and the polymer structure.
  • the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the long axes of the first dye molecules 2321 are aligned along the third direction M; the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 in the second region 202 and the second dye molecules
  • the molecules 2322 are all randomly arranged in random order, wherein the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 arranged along the third direction M have the same refractive index as the first polymer structure 2331 for light incident along the third direction M, and the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 arranged along the third direction M
  • the second liquid crystal molecule 2312 has the same refractive index as the second polymer structure 2332 with respect to light incident along the third direction M.
  • the second polymer structure 2332 is randomly arranged in random order, so the second polymer structure 2332 may be arranged in any direction, and in the diagram provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first polymer structure is represented by a circle 2331 and a second polymer structure 2332.
  • the directions of the light absorption axes of the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 can be parallel to their long axis directions, and the directions of the light transmission axes of the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 are both parallel to the long axis direction. perpendicular to its long axis.
  • a voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25, so that the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 2311, the long axis of the first dye molecule 2321, and the second liquid crystal molecule
  • the long axis of 2312 and the long axis of the second dye molecule 2322 are arranged along the third direction M, so that the light emitted by the display panel 10 can pass through the first region 201 and the second region 202, so that the display module is in 2D Display state.
  • the display module When the display module is in the second mode, there is no need to apply a voltage to the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25, then in the first region 201, since the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the first dye molecules 2321 also The three directions M are arranged, and the incident light along the third direction M passes through the first liquid crystal molecule 2311 with the same refractive index as the first polymer structure 2331, and no scattering occurs; for the second region 202, due to the second Both the liquid crystal molecules 2312 and the second dye molecules 2322 are randomly arranged randomly, that is, at least part of the long axis alignment direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and the alignment direction of the second polymer 2332 are aligned along a direction other than the third direction M, and are aligned along a direction other than the third direction M.
  • the incident light from the three directions M passes through at least part of the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and the refractive index of the second polymer structure 2332 is different, so that the light passing through the second region 202 undergoes a scattering phenomenon to be absorbed by the second dye molecules 2322 absorption, so that part or all of the light emitted by the display panel 10 cannot pass through the second area 202, so as to form light and dark stripes in the grating assembly 20, so that the display module is in a 3D display state.
  • the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 can be black dichroic dyes, and then when the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 absorb light, they can appear black, so as to facilitate the operation of the grating assembly 20. Light and dark stripes can be presented in the second mode.
  • the present embodiment also provides a manufacturing method of the above-mentioned grating assembly 20, please refer to FIG. 10 to FIG. Liquid crystal molecules, dye molecules, and polymer monomers. At this time, because there is no electric field force, the liquid crystal molecules, dye molecules and polymer monomers are randomly arranged in disorder.
  • a mask plate is formed on the side of the second substrate 22 away from the first substrate 21 , and a strip-shaped opening is formed at a position of the mask plate corresponding to the second region 202 .
  • UV light is used to irradiate the side of the second substrate 22 away from the first substrate 21, so that the polymer monomers in the second region 202 are cured to form the second polymer structure 2332.
  • the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 The long axis of the dye molecule 2322 and the long axis of the second dye molecule are randomly arranged in disorder.
  • the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the long axes of the first dye molecules 2321 in the first region 201 are arranged along the third direction M
  • the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and the long axes of the second dye molecules 2322 located in the second region 202 are arranged randomly and randomly.
  • this embodiment controls the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the polymer structure in the first mode and the second mode, so that the alignment direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is the same as the alignment direction of the polymer structure, so that light does not scatter , so that the display module is in a 2D display state through the liquid crystal layer 23; or the alignment direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is different from the alignment direction of the polymer structure, so that the light can be scattered, and the scattered light will be absorbed by the dye molecules Absorption, so that the light or part of the light does not pass through the liquid crystal layer 23, and then forms light and dark stripes in the grating assembly, so that the display module is in a 3D display state.
  • the display module provided in this embodiment does not need to be used with a polarizer, and can be applied to a Pol-less type (depolarizer technology) display panel, which can effectively reduce the thickness of the display module.
  • the grating assembly 20 provided in this embodiment only needs to be loaded with a voltage in the first mode, but does not need to be loaded with a voltage in the second mode, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display module.
  • FIG. 13 , FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 which is different from the previous embodiment in that the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 are both negative liquid crystals.
  • both the first polymer liquid crystal and the second polymer liquid crystal are polymer network liquid crystals, wherein the first polymer structure 2331 is arranged along the fourth direction N, and the second polymer structure 2332 is arranged along the third direction M.
  • the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the long axes of the first dye molecules 2321 are arranged along the fourth direction N, and the second liquid crystal molecules
  • the long axis of 2312 and the long axis of the second dye molecule 2322 are all arranged along the third direction M.
  • the light transmission axis directions of the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322 are parallel to the long axis direction, and the light absorption of the first dye molecule 2321 and the second dye molecule 2322
  • the axial direction is perpendicular to its long axis direction.
  • the display module when the display module is in the first mode, there is no need to apply voltage to the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25; at this time, for the first region 201, the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 2311, the first dye molecule 2321
  • the long axis of the polymer structure 2331 and the first polymer structure 2331 are arranged along the fourth direction N, the light passing through the first region 201 will not be scattered, and will not be absorbed by the first dye molecules 2321, and then the light emitted by the display panel 10 will pass through the second A region 201; and for the second region 202, the second liquid crystal molecules 2312, the second dye molecules 2322 and the second polymer structure 2332 are all arranged along the third direction N, the light passing through the second region 202 does not scatter, and the other
  • the first dye molecules 2321 and the second dye molecules 2322 are arranged perpendicular to the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, and relative to the light incident direction of the grating assembly 20, each dye molecule is
  • a voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 24 and the second electrode layer 25, so that the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 2311, the long axis of the first dye molecule 2321, and the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 2312 Both the long axis and the long axis of the second dye molecule 2322 are arranged along the fourth direction N.
  • the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 2311 and the first dye molecules 2321 in the first region 201 remains unchanged, light can pass through the first region 201; for the second region 202, the second liquid crystal molecules 2312 and the second The polymer structures 2332 are arranged in different directions, and the light passing through the second region 202 will be scattered, and the scattered light will be absorbed by the second dye molecules 2322, so that part or all of the light cannot pass through the second region 202; Light and dark stripes are formed in the component 20, so that the display module is in a 2D display state.
  • this embodiment controls the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the polymer structure in the first mode and the second mode, so that the alignment direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is the same as the alignment direction of the polymer structure, so that light does not scatter , so that the display module is in a 2D display state through the liquid crystal layer 23; or the alignment direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is different from the alignment direction of the polymer structure, so that the light can be scattered, and the scattered light will be absorbed by the dye molecules Absorption, so that the light or part of the light does not pass through the liquid crystal layer 23, and then forms light and dark stripes in the grating assembly, so that the display module is in a 3D display state.
  • the display module provided in this embodiment does not need to be equipped with a polarizer, and can be applied to a Pol-less type (depolarizer technology) display panel, which can effectively reduce the thickness of the display module.
  • the grating assembly 20 provided in this embodiment only needs to be loaded with a voltage in the second mode, but does not need to be loaded with a voltage in the first mode, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display module.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, and the display device includes any display module described in the above embodiments.

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Abstract

一种显示模组及显示装置。显示模组包括光栅组件（20）；光栅组件（20）包括交替排布的第一区域（201）与第二区域（202），以及分布于第一区域（201）和第二区域内（202）的液晶分子（2311，2312）与染料分子（2321，2322）；通过控制各液晶分子（2311，2312）与各染料分子（2321，2322）的排列方式，以使得第一区域透光（201），而第二区域（202）在第一模式下透光，第二模式下不透光，以在第二模式下形成明暗相间的条纹。

Description

显示模组及显示装置 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示模组及具有该显示模组的显示装置。
 背景技术
人类是通过左眼和右眼所看到的物体的细微差异来感知物体的深度，大脑通过眼球的运动、调整，综合了这两幅图像的信息，从而识别出立体图像，产生立体感。而裸眼3D技术，是指不通过任何工具就让左右两只眼睛从显示屏幕上看到两幅具有视差区别的画面，通过大脑对这两幅图像信息的综合，来产生立体感。
随着显示技术的快速发展，视觉效果更加真实的3D显示越来越受消费者青睐。对于传统的裸眼3D显示技术，多是采用可切换液晶光栅实现3D与2D模式的切换，可切换液晶光栅需由液晶盒搭配上下两层偏光片使用，将增加使得显示器的厚度，不利于显示器的轻薄化需求。
 技术问题
本申请实施例提供一种显示模组及显示装置，该显示模组无需额外增加偏光片即可实现液晶光栅功能，实现3D与2D模式的切换。
 技术解决方案
本申请实施例提供一种显示模组，所述显示模组包括显示面板、设置于所述显示面板一侧的光栅组件以及设置于所述显示面板与所述光栅组件之间的第一偏光片；
所述光栅组件包括间隔设置的多个第一区域与多个第二区域，任意相邻两所述第一区域之间设有一所述第二区域；
所述光栅组件还包括：
第一基板；
第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间，并包括分布于所述第一区域内的第一液晶分子与第一染料分子，以及分布于所述第二区域内的第二液晶分子与第二染料分子；
其中，所述显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，所述第一模式下，所述第一染料分子的光透过轴方向、所述第二染料分子的光透过轴方向皆平行于所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向，以使光线通过所述第一区域以及所述第二区域；所述第二模式下，所述第一染料分子的光透过轴方向平行于所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向，所述第二染料分子的光吸收轴方向平行于所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向，以使通过所述第一区域的光线量大于通过所述第二区域的光线量。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴、所述第二液晶分子的长轴以及所述第二染料分子的长轴皆沿第一方向排列，所述第二模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴与所述第一染料分子的长轴沿所述第一方向排列，所述第二液晶分子的长轴与所述第二染料分子的长轴沿第二方向排列，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直；
其中，所述第一染料分子的光吸收轴方向与其长轴方向平行、所述第二染料分子的光吸收轴方向与其长轴方向平行，所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向平行于所述第二方向。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板一侧的第一电极层以及设置于所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二电极层，所述第一电极层与所述第二电极层用于加载电压，至少调节所述第二液晶分子的长轴排列方向，以控制所述显示模组在所述第一模式与所述第二模式之间进行切换。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为负性液晶，所述第一电极层包括设置于所述第二区域内的第一子电极。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板一侧的第一配向层以及设置于所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板一侧的第二配向层，以使得所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子的初始配向方向平行于所述第一方向。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为正性液晶，所述第一电极层包括设置于所述第一区域内的第二子电极以及设置于所述第二区域内的第三子电极，所述光栅组件还包括连接于所述第二子电极的第一走线以及连接于所述第三子电极的第二走线，以分别向所述第二子电极以及所述第三子电极加载电压。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板一侧的第三配向层以及设置于所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板一侧的第四配向层，以使得所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子的初始配向方向垂直于所述第一方向。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一方向垂直于所述第一基板与所述第二基板。
根据本申请的上述目的，提供一种显示模组，所述显示模组包括显示面板以及设置于所述显示面板一侧的光栅组件；
所述光栅组件包括间隔设置的多个第一区域与多个第二区域，任意相邻两所述第一区域之间设有一所述第二区域；
所述光栅组件还包括：
第一基板；
第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间，并包括分布于所述第一区域内的第一聚合物液晶与第一染料分子，以及分布于所述第二区域内的第二聚合物液晶与第二染料分子，且所述第一聚合物液晶包括第一液晶分子与第一聚合物结构，所述第二聚合物液晶包括第二液晶分子与第二聚合物结构；
其中，所述显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，所述第一模式下，沿第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通哥所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，所述第二液晶分子的长轴与所述第二染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第三方向垂直于所述第一基板与所述第二基板，以使光线通过所述第一区域以及所述第二区域，所述第二模式下，沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，且通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异，以使通过所述第一区域的光线量大于通过所述第二区域的光线量。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为正性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物分散液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴与所述第一染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第二模式下，至少部分所述第二液晶分子的长轴沿所述第三方向以外的方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为负性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物网络液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿第四方向排列，所述第二液晶分子的长轴、所述第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第二聚合物结构皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第四方向与所述第三方向相垂直。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第二模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴、所述第二液晶分子的长轴、第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿所述第四方向排列，所述第二聚合物结构沿所述第三方向排列。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板一侧的第一电极层以及设置于所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二电极层，所述第一电极层与所述第二电极层用于加载电压，至少调节所述第二液晶分子的长轴排列方向，以控制所述显示模组在所述第一模式与所述第二模式之间进行切换。
根据本申请的上述目的，提供一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括显示模组，所述显示模组包括显示面板以及设置于所述显示面板一侧的光栅组件；
所述光栅组件包括间隔设置的多个第一区域与多个第二区域，任意相邻两所述第一区域之间设有一所述第二区域；
所述光栅组件还包括：
第一基板；
第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间，并包括分布于所述第一区域内的第一聚合物液晶与第一染料分子，以及分布于所述第二区域内的第二聚合物液晶与第二染料分子，且所述第一聚合物液晶包括第一液晶分子与第一聚合物结构，所述第二聚合物液晶包括第二液晶分子与第二聚合物结构；
其中，所述显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，所述第一模式下，沿第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，所述第二液晶分子的长轴与所述第二染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第三方向垂直于所述第一基板与所述第二基板，以使光线通过所述第一区域以及所述第二区域，所述第二模式下，沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，且通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异，以使通过所述第一区域的光线量大于通过所述第二区域的光线量。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为正性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物分散液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴与所述第一染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第二模式下，至少部分所述第二液晶分子的长轴沿所述第三方向以外的方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为负性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物网络液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿第四方向排列，所述第二液晶分子的长轴、所述第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第二聚合物结构皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第四方向与所述第三方向相垂直。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第二模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴、所述第二液晶分子的长轴、第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿所述第四方向排列，所述第二聚合物结构沿所述第三方向排列。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板一侧的第一电极层以及设置于所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二电极层，所述第一电极层与所述第二电极层用于加载电压，至少调节所述第二液晶分子的长轴排列方向，以控制所述显示模组在所述第一模式与所述第二模式之间进行切换。
 有益效果
相较于现有技术，本申请通过在光栅组件的液晶层中增加染料分子，并根据液晶分子与染料分子的宾主效应，通过控制交替的第一区域与第二区域内的液晶分子的偏转，以控制第一区域与第二区域内的染料分子的偏转，以实现光栅组件在第一区域内的光线通过量与第二区域内的光线通过量不同，以实现交替的明暗条纹，以实现液晶光栅功能，使得显示模组可以在3D与2D模式之间切换；且本申请只需要光栅组件配合显示面板上的第一偏光片即可实现3D与2D模式的切换功能，无需额外新增偏光片，有利于显示模组的轻薄化。
 附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本申请的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本申请的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
图1为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的一种结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第一模式下的一种光路示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第二模式下的一种光路示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的另一种结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第一模式下的另一种光路示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第二模式下的另一种光路示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的又一种结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第一模式下的又一种光路示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第二模式下的又一种光路示意图；
图10至图12为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的一种制作过程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的另一种结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第一模式下的另一种光路示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的第二模式下的另一种光路示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本申请的不同结构。为了简化本申请的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本申请。此外，本申请可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外，本申请提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
请参照图1，本申请实施例提供一种显示模组，该显示模组包括显示面板10、光栅组件20以及第一偏光片30，光栅组件20设置于显示面板10的一侧，且第一偏光片30设置于显示面板10与光栅组件20之间。
其中，光栅组件20包括间隔设置的多个第一区域201与多个第二区域202，任意相邻两第一区域201之间设有一第二区域202。
光栅组件20还包括相对设置的第一基板21与第二基板22以及设置于第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层23，液晶层23包括分布于第一区域201内的第一液晶分子2311与第一染料分子2321，以及分布于第二区域202内的第二液晶分子2312与第二染料分子2322。
进一步地，本申请实施例提供的显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，在第一模式下，第一染料分子2321的光透过轴方向、第二染料分子2322的光透过轴方向皆平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，以使得光线通过第一区域201以及第二区域202，在第二模式下，第一染料分子2321的光透过轴方向平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，以使得通过第一区域201的光线量大于通过第二区域202的光线量。
在实施应用过程中，本申请实施例通过在液晶层23中加入染料分子，根据液晶分子与染料分子的宾主效应，位于第一区域201内的第一染料分子2321的排列方向随第一液晶分子2311的排列方向而定，位于第二区域202内的第二染料分子2322的排列方向随第二液晶分子2312的排列方向而定，进而在第一模式下，控制第一染料分子2321的光透过轴方向、第二染料分子2322的光透过轴方向皆平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，使得光线同时通过第一区域201与第二区域202，以实现显示模组的2D显示。在第二模式下，控制第一染料分子2321的光透过轴方向平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，使得光线通过第一区域201，不通过第二区域202或部分通过第二区域202，以在光栅组件20中形成明暗相间的条形结构，以实现显示模组的3D显示。
具体地，在本申请的一种实施例中，请参照图1、图2以及图3，显示模组包括相对设置的显示面板10与光栅组件20，以及设置于显示面板10与光栅组件20之间的第一偏光片30，且第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向平行于第一基板21与第二基板22。
其中，显示面板10可以为液晶显示面板或有机发光二极管显示面板，且第一偏光片30可为液晶显示面板或有机发光二极管显示面板中的上偏光片。
需要说明的是，光栅组件20设置于显示面板10的出光侧，且光栅组件20可以控制形成明暗相间的光栅图形，以控制显示面板10的出光路径，使得用户在观看显示模组时，可以呈现3D显示效果。同时光栅组件20还可以控制为透光状态，不改变显示面板10的出光路径，使得用户在观看显示模组时，可以呈现2D显示效果，进而本申请实施例提供的显示模组可在2D显示与3D显示之间进行切换。
在本申请实施例中，光栅组件20包括相对设置的第一基板21与第二基板22、设置于第一基板21靠近第二基板22一侧的第一电极层24、设置于第二基板22靠近第一基板21一侧的第二电极层25、设置于第一电极层24靠近第二基板22一侧的第一配向层26、设置于第二电极层25靠近第一基板21一侧的第二配向层27以及设置于第一配向层26与第二配向层27之间的液晶层23。
其中，光栅组件20包括间隔分布的多个第一区域201以及多个第二区域202，且任意相邻两个第一区域201之间设有一第二区域202，即第一区域201与第二区域202交替排列；液晶层23包括分布于第一区域201内的第一液晶分子2311与第一染料分子2321，以及分布于第二区域202内的第二液晶分子2312与第二染料分子2322。
其中，第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312皆为负性液晶。
可选的，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光透过轴方向皆垂直于其长轴方向，且第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向皆平行于其长轴方向。
进一步地，设定相互垂直的第一方向X与第二方向Y，且第一方向X垂直于第一基板21与第二基板22，则第二方向Y平行于第一基板21与第二基板22，其中，第一配向层26以及第二配向层27可以给液晶层23中的第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312提供定向作用，使得第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312具有一个初始配向方向，且在本实施例中，第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312的初始配向方向皆平行于第一方向X，即第一液晶分子2311的长轴方向与第二液晶分子2312的长轴方向皆沿第一方向X进行排列。
进而在第一模式下，第一电极层24与第二电极层25不需要施加电压，使得第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312保持初始配向，即第一液晶分子2311的长轴与第二液晶分子2312的长轴沿第一方向X进行排列，而第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322由于宾主效应同样保持初始配向，即第一染料分子2321的长轴与第二染料分子2322的长轴沿第一方向X进行排列；此时，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光透过轴方向皆平行于第二方向Y，且第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向也平行于第二方向Y，因此，经由显示面板10发出的光线可以通过光栅组件20的第一区域201与第二区域202。因此，显示模组在第一模式下，光栅组件20不影响显示面板10的出光路径，以使得显示模组处于2D显示状态。
在第二模式下，通过控制第一电极层24与第二电极层25的电压，使得位于第二区域202内的第二液晶分子2312进行偏转，而位于第一区域201内的第一液晶分子2311仍然保持初始配向；此时，第一液晶分子2311的长轴与第一染料分子2321的长轴皆保持沿第一方向X进行排列，而第二液晶分子2312的长轴与第二染料分子2322的长轴皆沿第二方向Y进行排列，由于此时第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向平行于第二方向Y，且第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向平行于第二方向Y，进而第二染料分子2322将吸收由第一偏光片30透过的光线；而第一区域201内的第一液晶分子2311的长轴与第一染料分子2321的长轴皆沿第一方向X排列，使得通过第一偏光片30的光线可以通过第一区域201，使得通过第二区域202的光线量小于通过第一区域201的光线量，使得第二区域202的亮度小于第一区域201的亮度，进而在光栅组件20中形成明暗相间的条纹，改变了显示面板10的出光路径，以使得显示模处于3D显示状态。
可选的，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322皆为黑色二色性染料，进而可以吸收光线而呈现黑色，以提高第一区域201与第二区域202的明暗差异，提高3D显示效果。
在本实施例中，第一电极层24包括设置于第二区域202内的第一子电极，且第一子电极可为条形电极，而第二电极层25可为整面覆盖的电极层，也可以为与第一子电极相对应的条形电极；此外，在本申请的其他实施例中，第二电极层25可包括设置于第二区域202内的条形电极，而第一电极层24可为整面电极。进而可以对第一子电极以及第二电极层25施加电压，以使得位于第二区域202内的第二液晶分子2312进行偏转，使得第二液晶分子2312的长轴以及第二染料分子2322的长轴沿第二方向Y进行排列，使得显示模组处于第二模式；当控制第一子电极与第二电极层25不加载电压时，即可使得第二液晶分子2312的长轴与第二染料分子2322的长轴保持沿第一方向X进行排列，使得显示模组处于第一模式。
承上，在本实施例中，可以仅控制位于第二区域202内的电极层加载电压与否，以实现第二区域202内液晶分子与染料分子的偏转，使得第二区域202处于透光状态或吸光状态，以实现显示模组在2D显示与3D显示之间的切换。本实施例中仅需要配合显示面板10中的上偏光片皆可实现光栅组件20的明暗条纹排布，相对于相关技术中需要配合在液晶盒两侧均设置偏光片而言，可以减少一偏光片的使用，增强了显示模组的轻薄化。且本实施例中在第一模式下不需要对第一电极层24以及第二电极层25加载电压，可以降低显示模组的功耗。
请参照图4、图5以及图6，在本申请的另一种实施例中，其与上一实施例的区别之处在于，第一电极层24靠近第二电极层25的一侧设置有第三配向层28，第二电极层25靠近第一电极层24的一侧设置有第四配向层29，以使得第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312的初始配向方向垂直于第一方向X，即平行于第二方向Y。
其中，第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312皆为正性液晶，进而可以通过对第一电极层24与第二电极层25加载电压，以使得第一液晶分子2311的长轴、第一染料分子2321的长轴、第二液晶分子2312的长轴以及第二染料分子2322的长轴皆平行于第一方向X。此时，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向皆平行于第一方向X。
在本实施例中，第一电极层24可包括位于第一区域201内的第二子电极以及位于第二区域202内的第三子电极，且第二子电极与第三子电极皆可为条形电极，而第二电极层25同样可为整面覆盖的电极层或包括分别与第二子电极对应的条形电极，以及与第三子电极对应的条形电极。
需要说明的是，第二子电极与第三电极为独立控制，光栅组件20还包括连接于第二子电极的第一走线以及连接于第三子电极的第二走线，以分别向第二子电极与第三子电极加载电压。
具体地，同时对第二子电极、第三子电极与第二电极层25加载电压，使得第一液晶分子2311的长轴、第一染料分子2321的长轴、第二液晶分子2312的长轴以及第二染料分子2322的长轴皆沿第一方向X进行排列，此时，第一染料分子2321的光透过轴与第二染料分子2322的光透过轴方向皆平行于第二方向Y，即平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，此时经由显示面板10发出的光线可以通过光栅组件20，即光栅组件20不改变显示面板10的出光路径，使得显示模组处于2D显示状态。
进一步地，控制第二子电极、第三子电极与第二电极层25上的电压变化，或第二子电极与第二电极层25继续加载电压，而第三子电极不加载电压，使得第一液晶分子2311的长轴与第一染料分子2321的长轴保持沿第一方向X排列，而第二液晶分子2312长轴与第二染料分子2322的长轴偏转为沿第二方向Y排列，此时，第一染料分子2321的光透过轴方向平行于第二方向Y，即平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，而第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向平行于第二方向Y，即平行于第一偏光片30的光透过轴方向，以使得经由显示面板10发出的光线可以通过第一区域201，不通过或部分通过第二区域202，以使得光栅组件20形成明暗条纹结构，使得显示模组处于3D显示状态。
需要说明的是，在本申请的其他实施例中，还可将第一偏光片30设置于光栅组件20远离显示面板10的一侧，即形成由下往上依次层叠的显示面板10、光栅组件20以及第一偏光片30的显示模组，且其中光栅组件20的具体结构可与上述实施例中相同，在此不再赘述。
承上，在本实施例中，可以通过控制液晶层20内液晶分子与染料分子的偏转，使得第一区域201处于透光状态，而第二区域202处于透光状态或吸光状态，以实现显示模组在2D显示与3D显示之间的切换。本实施例中仅需要配合显示面板10中的上偏光片皆可实现光栅组件20的明暗条纹排布，相对于相关技术中需要配合在液晶光栅结构两侧均设置偏光片而言，可以减少一偏光片的使用，增强了显示模组的轻薄化，且本申请实施例提供的显示模组中的显示面板10可为LCD显示面板或OLED显示面板。
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种显示模组，请参照图7，该显示模组包括显示面板10与光栅组件20，且光栅组件20设置于显示面板10的一侧。
其中，光栅组件20包括间隔设置的多个第一区域201与多个第二区域202，且任意相邻两个第一区域201之间设有一第二区域202，光栅组件20包括相对设置的第一基板21与第二基板22以及设置于第一基板21与第二基板22之间的液晶层23。
进一步地，液晶层23包括分布于第一区域201内的第一聚合物液晶与第一染料分子2321，以及分布于第二区域202内的第二聚合物液晶与第二染料分子2322，且第一聚合物液晶包括第一液晶分子2311与第一聚合物结构2331，第二聚合物液晶包括第二液晶分子2312与第二聚合物结构2332。
在本申请实施例中，显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，且在第一模式下，沿第三方向M入射液晶层23的光线，通过第一液晶分子2311的折射率与通过第一聚合物结构2331的折射率相同，第二液晶分子2312的长轴与第二染料分子2322的长轴皆沿第三方向M排列，且第三方向M垂直于第一基板21与第二基板22，以使光线通过第一区域201与第二区域202；在第二模式下，沿第三方向M入射液晶层23的光线，通过第一液晶分子2311的折射率与通过第一聚合物结构2331的折射率相同，且通过至少部分第二液晶分子2312的折射率与通过第二聚合物结构2332的折射率相异，以使通过第一区域201的光线量大于通过第二区域202的光线量。
在实施应用过程中，本申请实施例通过控制第一模式与第二模式下的液晶分子与聚合物结构之间的折射率关系，使得光线通过液晶分子与聚合物结构的折射率相同，可使光线不发生散射，以通过液晶层23，使得显示模组处于2D显示状态；或使得光线通过液晶分子与聚合物结构的折射率相异，可使光线发生散射，而发生散射的光线将被染料分子吸收，使得光线或部分光线不通过液晶层23，进而在光栅组件中形成明暗相间的条纹，使得显示模组处于3D显示状态。
在本申请的一种实施例中，请参照图7、图8以及图9，该显示模组包括显示面板10以及设置于显示面板10的出光侧的光栅组件20，其中，显示面板10可为液晶显示面板以及有机发光二极管显示面板，且液晶显示面板可具有上下偏光片（图中并未示出），而有机发光二极管显示面板可具有上偏光片（图中并未示出），或采用彩膜层替代偏光片以使得有机发光二极管显示面板不设置上偏光片，在此不作限定。
光栅组件20包括相对设置的第一基板21与第二基板22、设置于第一基板21靠近第二基板22一侧的第一电极层24、设置于第二基板22靠近第一基板21一侧的第二电极层25以及设置于第一电极层24与第二电极层25之间的液晶层23。
光栅组件20包括间隔设置的多个第一区域201与多个第二区域202，且任意相邻两个第一区域201之间设有一第二区域202。液晶层23包括分布于第一区域201内的第一聚合物液晶与第一染料分子2321，以及分布于第二区域202内的第二聚合物液晶与第二染料分子2322，且第一聚合物液晶包括第一液晶分子2311与第一聚合物结构2331，第二聚合物液晶包括第二液晶分子2312与第二聚合物结构2332。
其中，第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312皆为正性液晶，且第一聚合物液晶为聚合物分散液晶，第二聚合物液晶为聚合物分散液晶，其中，第一聚合物结构2331和第二聚合物结构2332皆为连续相，具有各向同性，其沿任意方向上的对于光线通过的折射率皆相同，进而可以通过控制液晶分子的排列方向，以改变液晶分子对于光线的折射率，来使得液晶分子与聚合物结构之间产生散射现象。
具体地，设定垂直于第一基板21与第二基板22的第三方向M以及平行于第一基板21与第二基板22的第四方向N，当第一电极层24与第二电极层25未加载电压时，第一液晶分子2311的长轴与第一染料分子2321的长轴皆沿第三方向M排列；位于第二区域202内的第二液晶分子2312的长轴以及第二染料分子2322皆为随机杂乱排列，其中，沿第三方向M排列的第一液晶分子2311对于沿第三方向M入射的光线的折射率与第一聚合物结构2331相同，沿第三方向M排列的第二液晶分子2312对于沿第三方向M入射的光线的折射率与第二聚合物结构2332相同。
需要说明的是，第二聚合物结构2332为随机杂乱排列，则第二聚合物结构2332可能沿任意方向进行排列，且在本申请实施例提供的图示中，以圆圈表示第一聚合物结构2331和第二聚合物结构2332。
在本实施例中，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向皆可平行于其长轴方向，而第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光透过轴方向皆可垂直于其长轴方向。
进而当显示模组处于第一模式时，对第一电极层24与第二电极层25加载电压，以使得第一液晶分子2311的长轴、第一染料分子2321的长轴、第二液晶分子2312的长轴以及第二染料分子2322的长轴皆沿第三方向M进行排列，以使得经由显示面板10发出的光线可以通过第一区域201与第二区域202，以使得显示模组处于2D显示状态。
当显示模组处于第二模式时，不需要对第一电极层24与第二电极层25加载电压，则对于第一区域201内，由于第一液晶分子2311与第一染料分子2321也沿第三方向M排列，则沿第三方向M入射的光线通过第一液晶分子2311的折射率和通过第一聚合物结构2331的折射率相同，不发生散射；对于第二区域202内，由于第二液晶分子2312以及第二染料分子2322皆为随机杂乱排列，即至少部分第二液晶分子2312的长轴排列方向与第二聚合物2332的排列方向沿第三方向M以外的方向排列，则沿第三方向M入射的光线通过至少部分第二液晶分子2312的折射率和通过第二聚合物结构2332的折射率相异，以使得通过第二区域202的光线发生散射现象，以被第二染料分子2322吸收，进而使得经由显示面板10发出的部分或全部光线无法通过第二区域202，以在光栅组件20中形成明暗相间的条纹，使得显示模组处于3D显示状态。
可选的，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322可为黑色二色性染料，进而当第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322吸收光线后可以呈现黑色，以有利于光栅组件20在第二模式下可以呈现明暗条纹。
此外，本实施例还提供上述光栅组件20的制作方法，请参照图10至图12，具体可包括：通过在第一基板21与第二基板22之间注入液晶层23，且液晶层23包括液晶分子、染料分子以及聚合物单体。此时，由于没有电场作用力，液晶分子、染料分子以及聚合物单体皆为随机杂乱排列。
然后在第二基板22远离第一基板21一侧形成掩膜板，且掩膜板对应第二区域202的位置形成条形开口。
采用UV光对第二基板22远离第一基板21的一侧进行照射，以使得位于第二区域202内的聚合物单体固化以形成第二聚合物结构2332，此时，第二液晶分子2312的长轴与第二染料分子2322的长轴为随机杂乱排列。
接着，去掉掩膜板，并对第一电极层24与第二电极层25进行加载电压，使得所有液晶分子的长轴皆沿第三方向M进行排列，同时，再次使用UV光对第二基板22远离第一基板21的一侧进行照射，以使得第一区域201内的聚合物单体固化以形成第一聚合物结构2331，且第一聚合物结构2331可使得第一液晶分子2311沿第三方向M排列。
最后，停止对第一电极层24与第二电极层25加载电压，则位于第一区域201内的第一液晶分子2311的长轴与第一染料分子2321的长轴沿第三方向M排列，而位于第二区域202内的第二液晶分子2312的长轴与第二染料分子2322的长轴为随机杂乱排列。
承上，本实施例通过控制第一模式与第二模式下的液晶分子与聚合物结构的排列方向，使得液晶分子的长轴排列方向与聚合物结构的排列方向相同，可使光线不发生散射，以通过液晶层23，使得显示模组处于2D显示状态；或使得液晶分子的长轴排列方向与聚合物结构的排列方向相异，可使光线发生散射，而发生散射的光线将被染料分子吸收，使得光线或部分光线不通过液晶层23，进而在光栅组件中形成明暗相间的条纹，使得显示模组处于3D显示状态。且本实施例提供的显示模组不需要搭配偏光片使用，可以适用于Pol-less型（去偏光片技术）显示面板中，可以有效的减小显示模组的厚度。此外，本实施例提供的光栅组件20，仅在第一模式下需要加载电压，而第二模式下不需要加载电压，进而可以减小显示模组的功耗。
在本申请的另一种实施例中，请参照图13、图14以及图15，其与上一实施例的区别之处在于，第一液晶分子2311与第二液晶分子2312皆为负性液晶，且第一聚合物液晶和第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物网络液晶，其中，第一聚合物结构2331沿第四方向N排列，第二聚合物结构2332沿第三方向M排列。
其中，进而在对第一电极层24与第二电极层25不加载电压时，第一液晶分子2311的长轴、第一染料分子2321的长轴皆沿第四方向N排列，第二液晶分子2312的长轴、第二染料分子2322的长轴皆沿第三方向M排列。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光透过轴方向皆平行于其长轴方向，第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322的光吸收轴方向皆垂直于其长轴方向。
进而当显示模组处于第一模式时，不需要对第一电极层24与第二电极层25加载电压；此时对于第一区域201，第一液晶分子2311的长轴、第一染料分子2321的长轴以及第一聚合物结构2331皆沿第四方向N排列，通过第一区域201的光线不发生散射，同时不会被第一染料分子2321吸收，进而经由显示面板10发出的光线通过第一区域201；而对于第二区域202，第二液晶分子2312、第二染料分子2322以及第二聚合物结构2332皆沿第三方向N排列，通过第二区域202内的光线不发生散射，另一方面，由于第一染料分子2321与第二染料分子2322皆垂直于第一基板21与第二基板22进行排列，进而相对于光栅组件20的入光方向，各染料分子相当于分布于液晶层23中的多个点，进而难以对射入的光线产生阻挡作用，使得经由显示面板10发出的光线可以通过第二区域202；此时，光栅组件20对光线不具备调控作用，使得显示模组处于2D显示状态。
当显示模组处于第二模式时，对第一电极层24与第二电极层25加载电压，使得第一液晶分子2311的长轴、第一染料分子2321的长轴、第二液晶分子2312的长轴以及第二染料分子2322的长轴皆沿第四方向N排列。此时，对于第一区域201内第一液晶分子2311与第一染料分子2321的排列方向保持不变，则光线可以通过第一区域201；对于第二区域202，第二液晶分子2312与第二聚合物结构2332的排列方向不同，进而通过第二区域202的光线将会发生散射，而散射光将被第二染料分子2322吸收，以使得部分或全部光线无法通过第二区域202；进而在光栅组件20中形成明暗相间的条纹，以使得显示模组处于2D显示状态。
承上，本实施例通过控制第一模式与第二模式下的液晶分子与聚合物结构的排列方向，使得液晶分子的长轴排列方向与聚合物结构的排列方向相同，可使光线不发生散射，以通过液晶层23，使得显示模组处于2D显示状态；或使得液晶分子的长轴排列方向与聚合物结构的排列方向相异，可使光线发生散射，而发生散射的光线将被染料分子吸收，使得光线或部分光线不通过液晶层23，进而在光栅组件中形成明暗相间的条纹，使得显示模组处于3D显示状态。且本实施例提供的显示模组不需要配偏光片使用，可以适用于Pol-less型（去偏光片技术）显示面板中，可以有效的减小显示模组的厚度。此外，本实施例提供的光栅组件20，仅在第二模式下需要加载电压，而第一模式下不需要加载电压，进而可以减小显示模组的功耗。
另外，本申请实施例还提供一种显示装置，且该显示装置包括上述实施例中所述的任一种显示模组。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的一种显示模组及显示装置进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的技术方案及其核心思想；本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例的技术方案的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种显示模组，所述显示模组包括显示面板、设置于所述显示面板一侧的光栅组件以及设置于所述显示面板与所述光栅组件之间的第一偏光片；
    所述光栅组件包括间隔设置的多个第一区域与多个第二区域，任意相邻两所述第一区域之间设有一所述第二区域；
    所述光栅组件还包括：
    第一基板；
    第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
    液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间，并包括分布于所述第一区域内的第一液晶分子与第一染料分子，以及分布于所述第二区域内的第二液晶分子与第二染料分子；
    其中，所述显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，所述第一模式下，所述第一染料分子的光透过轴方向、所述第二染料分子的光透过轴方向皆平行于所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向，以使光线通过所述第一区域以及所述第二区域；所述第二模式下，所述第一染料分子的光透过轴方向平行于所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向，所述第二染料分子的光吸收轴方向平行于所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向，以使通过所述第一区域的光线量大于通过所述第二区域的光线量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示模组，其中，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴、所述第二液晶分子的长轴以及所述第二染料分子的长轴皆沿第一方向排列，所述第二模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴与所述第一染料分子的长轴沿所述第一方向排列，所述第二液晶分子的长轴与所述第二染料分子的长轴沿第二方向排列，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相垂直；
    其中，所述第一染料分子的光吸收轴方向与其长轴方向平行、所述第二染料分子的光吸收轴方向与其长轴方向平行，所述第一偏光片的光透过轴方向平行于所述第二方向。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示模组，其中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板一侧的第一电极层以及设置于所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二电极层，所述第一电极层与所述第二电极层用于加载电压，至少调节所述第二液晶分子的长轴排列方向，以控制所述显示模组在所述第一模式与所述第二模式之间进行切换。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示模组，其中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为负性液晶，所述第一电极层包括设置于所述第二区域内的第一子电极。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示模组，其中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板一侧的第一配向层以及设置于所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板一侧的第二配向层，以使得所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子的初始配向方向平行于所述第一方向。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的显示模组，其中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为正性液晶，所述第一电极层包括设置于所述第一区域内的第二子电极以及设置于所述第二区域内的第三子电极，所述光栅组件还包括连接于所述第二子电极的第一走线以及连接于所述第三子电极的第二走线，以分别向所述第二子电极以及所述第三子电极加载电压。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示模组，其中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板一侧的第三配向层以及设置于所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板一侧的第四配向层，以使得所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子的初始配向方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的显示模组，其中，所述第一方向垂直于所述第一基板与所述第二基板。
  9. 一种显示模组，所述显示模组包括显示面板以及设置于所述显示面板一侧的光栅组件；
    所述光栅组件包括间隔设置的多个第一区域与多个第二区域，任意相邻两所述第一区域之间设有一所述第二区域；
    所述光栅组件还包括：
    第一基板；
    第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
    液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间，并包括分布于所述第一区域内的第一聚合物液晶与第一染料分子，以及分布于所述第二区域内的第二聚合物液晶与第二染料分子，且所述第一聚合物液晶包括第一液晶分子与第一聚合物结构，所述第二聚合物液晶包括第二液晶分子与第二聚合物结构；
    其中，所述显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，所述第一模式下，沿第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，所述第二液晶分子的长轴与所述第二染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第三方向垂直于所述第一基板与所述第二基板，以使光线通过所述第一区域以及所述第二区域，所述第二模式下，沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，且通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异，以使通过所述第一区域的光线量大于通过所述第二区域的光线量。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示模组，其中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为正性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物分散液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴与所述第一染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示模组，其中，所述第二模式下，至少部分所述第二液晶分子的长轴沿所述第三方向以外的方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的显示模组，其中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为负性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物网络液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿第四方向排列，所述第二液晶分子的长轴、所述第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第二聚合物结构皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第四方向与所述第三方向相垂直。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的显示模组，其中，所述第二模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴、所述第二液晶分子的长轴、第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿所述第四方向排列，所述第二聚合物结构沿所述第三方向排列。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的显示模组，其中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板一侧的第一电极层以及设置于所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二电极层，所述第一电极层与所述第二电极层用于加载电压，至少调节所述第二液晶分子的长轴排列方向，以控制所述显示模组在所述第一模式与所述第二模式之间进行切换。
  15. 一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括显示模组，所述显示模组包括显示面板以及设置于所述显示面板一侧的光栅组件；
    所述光栅组件包括间隔设置的多个第一区域与多个第二区域，任意相邻两所述第一区域之间设有一所述第二区域；
    所述光栅组件还包括：
    第一基板；
    第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
    液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间，并包括分布于所述第一区域内的第一聚合物液晶与第一染料分子，以及分布于所述第二区域内的第二聚合物液晶与第二染料分子，且所述第一聚合物液晶包括第一液晶分子与第一聚合物结构，所述第二聚合物液晶包括第二液晶分子与第二聚合物结构；
    其中，所述显示模组在第一模式与第二模式之间进行切换，所述第一模式下，沿第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，所述第二液晶分子的长轴与所述第二染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第三方向垂直于所述第一基板与所述第二基板，以使光线通过所述第一区域以及所述第二区域，所述第二模式下，沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同，且通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异，以使通过所述第一区域的光线量大于通过所述第二区域的光线量。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为正性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物分散液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴与所述第一染料分子的长轴皆沿所述第三方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过所述第一液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第一聚合物结构的折射率相同。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，所述第二模式下，至少部分所述第二液晶分子的长轴沿所述第三方向以外的方向排列，以使沿所述第三方向入射所述液晶层的光线，通过至少部分所述第二液晶分子的折射率和通过所述第二聚合物结构的折射率相异。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中，所述第一液晶分子与所述第二液晶分子皆为负性液晶，且所述第一聚合物液晶与所述第二聚合物液晶皆为聚合物网络液晶，所述第一模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿第四方向排列，所述第二液晶分子的长轴、所述第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第二聚合物结构皆沿所述第三方向排列，且所述第四方向与所述第三方向相垂直。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的显示装置，其中，所述第二模式下，所述第一液晶分子的长轴、所述第一染料分子的长轴、所述第二液晶分子的长轴、第二染料分子的长轴以及所述第一聚合物结构皆沿所述第四方向排列，所述第二聚合物结构沿所述第三方向排列。
  20. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其中，所述光栅组件还包括设置于所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板一侧的第一电极层以及设置于所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二电极层，所述第一电极层与所述第二电极层用于加载电压，至少调节所述第二液晶分子的长轴排列方向，以控制所述显示模组在所述第一模式与所述第二模式之间进行切换。
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