WO2023102772A1 - 一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023102772A1
WO2023102772A1 PCT/CN2021/136445 CN2021136445W WO2023102772A1 WO 2023102772 A1 WO2023102772 A1 WO 2023102772A1 CN 2021136445 W CN2021136445 W CN 2021136445W WO 2023102772 A1 WO2023102772 A1 WO 2023102772A1
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tail
small animal
small
support
auxiliary device
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French (fr)
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汤勇
詹阳
葛登云
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/136445 priority Critical patent/WO2023102772A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D3/00—Arrangements for supporting or fettering animals for veterinary purposes

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of animal nerve function research, in particular to an auxiliary device for detecting physiological indicators of small animals and a usage method thereof.
  • the light-regulated animal blood glucose real-time monitoring device buckles the animal in an opaque cylinder with a lower opening twice the volume of the animal, and opens several small holes around the top and lower end of the cylinder to facilitate light stimulation and tail detection of blood glucose.
  • the small animal faces a closed cover with little light, which cannot meet the needs of real-time observation of the whole state, and the small animal can freely rotate inside.
  • the small animal is connected with a relatively light and fragile equipment line It is easy to cause the equipment line to be entangled or broken.
  • the current devices used to fix small animals to assist in the detection of changes in animal physiological indicators have problems such as easily causing stress reactions and inconvenient observation in animals, and there are problems such as poor animal fixation, and animals can move freely and turn around.
  • the problem of entanglement or disconnection of the equipment lines connected to the body cannot ensure the accuracy of the detection of changes in physiological indicators of animals.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary device for the detection of small animal physiological indicators and a method of use thereof.
  • the device can open and elastically fix the small animal, so that the small animal's body is loose and semi-free, and the field of vision is wide. After a short period of adaptation, it can stay in place naturally and quietly, which can prevent the small animal from producing a stress response and avoiding the small animal spinning around, which is conducive to accurately detecting changes in the physiological indicators of the small animal.
  • An auxiliary device for detecting physiological indicators of small animals comprising a support structure, a device main body supported on the support structure, an elastic tail root fixing component, and a tail sleeve tube;
  • the device main body includes a support part movably supported on the support structure and a funnel part extending from the support part, the funnel part is used for accommodating small animals and the bottom is provided with a bottom opening, and the bottom opening It is used for the tail of small animals to fall naturally and to facilitate the collection of excrement of small animals;
  • the elastic tail root fixing component is arranged between the bottom opening and the tail sleeve tube, and is used to fix the tail root of the small animal;
  • the tail sleeve tube is used to fix the rear part of the tail of the small animal, and the temperature of the tail sleeve tube is set and maintained within a certain temperature range to ensure that the tail of the small animal can be placed comfortably and to facilitate experimental sampling operations.
  • the main body of the device is made of transparent material, and the inner and outer surfaces are smooth, so as to avoid the small animals from being blocked, and facilitate the observation and recording of the real-time status of the small animals.
  • the elastic tail root fixing assembly includes an adhesive tape, a clip, an elastic member and a tail root fixing ring, wherein the adhesive tape is used to stick the tail root protruding from the bottom opening, the The clip is used to clamp the clampable part of the adhesive tape, and the elastic member is used to bind and fix the clip to the tail root fixing ring, so as to keep the small animal within an autonomous elastic range, And the head of the small animal can face the fixed side of the funnel without turning around, so as to keep all kinds of connections on the small animal quiet and stable.
  • the tail root fixing ring has two fixing ears, and after the elastic member binds and fixes the clip, two ends thereof are respectively fixed to the corresponding fixing ears.
  • the supporting structure includes a supporting base, an L-shaped bracket connected to the supporting base, and a supporting ring connected to the L-shaped bracket, and the supporting part of the device body is a cylinder shaped structure and the top is extended to form an extension flange, the support part is movably sleeved in the support ring, and can form a state where the bottom surface of the extension flange is opposed to the top surface of the support ring, In order to be able to adjust the state of the main body of the device by lifting the supporting part, it is convenient to induce small animals to actively climb and protrude their tails from the bottom opening of the funnel part.
  • the support part has a top opening, so that the connecting wire of the external detection device can be introduced into the funnel part through the top opening and connected to the small animal.
  • the support structure further includes a first support column connecting the support base and the tail root fixing ring, and a second support column connecting the support base and the tail sleeve tube.
  • a method for using an auxiliary device for detecting physiological indicators of small animals comprising steps:
  • the step S1 includes the steps of:
  • the main body of the device is lifted obliquely so that the small animal actively climbs to induce it to protrude its tail through the bottom opening of the funnel.
  • the method for using the auxiliary device for detection of small animal physiological indicators further includes the step: S5, after the small animal adapts to the connection line connected to the detection device, perform optogenetic stimulation, electrical stimulation, etc. Any one or more of the experimental operations of stimulation, catheter administration, catheter collection of body fluids, tail blood collection, and electromyography collection.
  • the auxiliary device for the detection of small animal physiological indicators of the present invention adopts an open elastic fixation method to fix the small animal, so that the small animal can be naturally and elastically maintained in a quiet and stable state, thereby preventing the small animal from producing stress responses and freedom. Rotating, thereby avoiding entanglement or disconnection of various equipment cables connected to small animals, especially light-weight filament wires will not be bitten off by small animals or torn off due to small animals spinning and winding, which can be done To reduce the foreign body sensation on small animals and smoothly connect various precision testing equipment.
  • the device main body of the auxiliary device for small animal physiological index detection of the present invention is made of transparent materials, which can facilitate multi-angle naked eye observation or use a camera to record the real-time state of small animals in the device main body, satisfying real-time Observe the full state as needed.
  • the main body of the auxiliary device for the detection of small animal physiological indicators of the present invention is provided with the bottom opening, which not only facilitates the natural extension of the tail of the small animal, but also facilitates the real-time collection of excrement of the small animal.
  • the tail sleeve tube used in the auxiliary device for the detection of small animal physiological indicators of the present invention can be kept within a certain temperature range, such as within 25°C to 37°C, that is, kept at a relatively comfortable temperature for small animals Within the range, the tail of the small animal can be comfortably placed, and at the same time, it is convenient for experimental operations, such as blood collection from the tail of the small animal.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary device for detecting physiological indicators of small animals according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the method for using the auxiliary device for detecting physiological indicators of small animals according to the above selected embodiment of the present invention.
  • support structure 10 support structure 10; support base 11; L-shaped bracket 12; support ring 13; first support column 14; second support column 15; device main body 20; ; Funnel 22; Bottom opening 221; Elastic tail root fixing assembly 30; Adhesive tape 31; Clip 32;
  • the term “a” should be understood as “at least one” or “one or more”, that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element
  • the quantity can be multiple, and the term “a” cannot be understood as a limitation on the quantity.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relation.
  • installation connection
  • connection connection
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relation.
  • the present invention provides an open elastic auxiliary device for fixing small animals, so as to achieve loose and semi-free bodies of small animals, wide field of vision, and to stay in place naturally and quietly after a short period of adaptation, thereby avoiding stress reactions of small animals And free rotation, to ensure accurate detection of changes in the physiological indicators of small animals, to provide accurate experimental basis for the study of animal nerve function.
  • the auxiliary device for small animal physiological index detection includes a support structure 10, a device main body 20 supported on the support structure 10, an elastic tail root fixing assembly 30, and a tail sleeve tube 40; wherein the device main body 20 includes a Movably supported on the support part 21 of the support structure 10 and the funnel part 22 extending from the support part 21, the funnel part 22 is used to accommodate small animals and the bottom is provided with a bottom opening 221, the bottom opening 221 It is used for the tail of the small animal to fall naturally and to facilitate the collection of excrement of the small animal; wherein the elastic tail root fixing assembly 30 is arranged between the bottom opening 221 and the tail sleeve tube 40 for fixing the small animal.
  • tail sleeve 40 is used to fix the rear part of the tail of the small animal, and the temperature of the tail sleeve 40 is set and kept within a certain temperature range to ensure that the tail of the small animal can be comfortable Place and facilitate experimental sampling operations.
  • the main body 20 of the device is made of transparent material, and the inner and outer surfaces are smooth, so as to avoid the small animal being blocked, and most of the body of the small animal can be seen with the naked eye from multiple angles, thereby facilitating multi-angle naked eye observation.
  • a camera is used to record the real-time state of the small animal in the device main body 20 to meet the needs of real-time observation of the whole state.
  • the device main body 20 is made of acrylic material.
  • the tail sleeve tube 40 can be connected with an external heating device or coated with a heat preservation bag so that its temperature can be kept within a certain temperature range.
  • the specific temperature maintenance of the tail sleeve tube 40 in the present invention The method is not limited.
  • the temperature of the tail sleeve 40 is preferably kept at 25°C to 37°C, so as to be close to the body temperature of the small animal, and kept within a relatively comfortable temperature range for the small animal.
  • the tail can be comfortably placed and convenient for experimental sampling operations, such as blood collection operations on small animal tails.
  • the elastic tail root fixing assembly 30 includes an adhesive tape 31, a clip 32, an elastic member 33 and a tail root fixing ring 34, wherein the adhesive tape 31 is used to stick the tail root protruding from the bottom opening 221, so
  • the clip 32 is used to clamp the clampable part of the adhesive tape 31, and the elastic member 33 is used to bind and fix the clip 32 on the tail root fixing ring 34, so as to keep the small animal in a Within the scope of autonomy, and the head of the small animal can face the fixed side of the funnel 22 without turning around, so as to keep all kinds of connections on the small animal quiet and stable.
  • the adhesive tape 31 is preferably a medical adhesive tape, and the clampable part of the adhesive tape 31 is the part of the adhesive tape 31 other than the tail base of the small animal.
  • the elastic member 33 Preferably a rubber band.
  • the tail root fixing ring 34 has two fixing ears 341 , and the elastic member 33 binds and fixes the clip 32 and fixes both ends to the corresponding fixing ears 341 respectively.
  • the small animal can be in a loose and semi-free state, and since the main body 20 of the device is a transparent device, the small animal has a wide field of vision, After a short period of semi-free activities, the small animals can adapt and stay in place naturally and quietly, naturally and flexibly maintain a quiet and stable state, avoiding stress reactions. Simultaneously, because the tail root of the small animal is fixed on the tail root fixing ring 34 via the clip 32 and the elastic member 33, it can keep the small animal with its head facing the fixed side of the funnel within an autonomous elastic range without spinning , so as to keep the connection of various detection equipment quiet and stable.
  • the auxiliary device for the detection of small animal physiological indicators adopts an open elastic fixation method to fix the small animal, so that the small animal can be naturally and elastically maintained in a quiet and stable state, thereby avoiding the stress response and Rotate freely, thereby avoiding entanglement or disconnection of various equipment cables connected to small animals, especially light-weight thin wires, which will not be bitten off by small animals or torn off due to small animals spinning and entangled. To reduce the foreign body sensation on small animals and smoothly connect various precision testing equipment.
  • the support structure 10 includes a support base 11, an L-shaped bracket 12 connected to the support base 11, and a support ring 13 connected to the L-shaped bracket 12.
  • the support part 21 is a cylindrical structure with an extension flange 211 extending from the top, the support part 21 is movably sleeved in the support ring 13, and can form the bottom surface of the extension flange 211 and the support In a state where the top surfaces of the ring 13 are supported, the device main body 20 can be movably supported on the support structure 10 .
  • the main body 20 of the device is movably supported on the L-shaped bracket 12, when the tail of the small animal is inside the funnel, the device can be adjusted by lifting the supporting part 21
  • the state of the main body 20 for example, can lift the main body 20 of the device obliquely, so as to induce small animals to actively climb and protrude their tails from the bottom opening 221 of the funnel 22 .
  • the posture of the small animal inside the device body 20 can be adjusted by adjusting the posture of the device body 20, so as to To meet the needs of different experiments, while avoiding the stress response of small animals caused by adjustment methods such as direct grasping.
  • the support part 21 has a top opening 212, so that the connecting wire of the external detection equipment can be introduced into the funnel part 22 through the top opening 212, and connected to the small animal.
  • the support structure 10 also includes a first support column 14 connecting the support base 11 and the tail root fixing ring 34 and a second support column 15 connecting the support base 11 and the tail sleeve tube 40 .
  • the tail root fixing ring 34 , the tail sleeve tube 40 and the support structure 10 are all preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the small animal used by the auxiliary device of the present invention to assist detection is a mouse, or other small animals, and the present invention does not limit the specific type of small experimental animals.
  • the specific dimensions of the auxiliary device for the detection of small animal physiological indicators are: the support base 11 is a cuboid structure with a length of 50 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a height of 8 cm.
  • the diameter of the top opening 212 of 20 is 13 cm
  • the depth of the support part 21 is 6.5 cm
  • the depth of the funnel part 22 is 12.5 cm.
  • the diameter of the bottom opening 221 is 1 cm
  • the distance between the bottom opening 221 and the support base 11 is 15 cm.
  • the auxiliary device for detecting physiological indicators of small animals may have other sizes, which are not limited in the present invention.
  • the small animal needs to move freely in the funnel 22 of the device main body 20 to get familiar with the environment of the funnel 22, for three consecutive days, about one hour per day.
  • the main body 20 of the device After the small animals are familiar with the main body 20 of the device, they will climb quietly and stay at the bottom of the funnel 22, some will actively extend their tails out of the bottom opening 221 of the funnel, and some will wrap their tails around the funnel. Inside, the main body 20 of the device can be raised separately and slightly tilted so that the small animal actively climbs and induces its tail to protrude from the opening 221 at the bottom of the funnel.
  • the tail passes through the tail root fixing ring 34, the tail is inserted into the tail sleeve tube 40, and the heat preservation pouch is assisted on the tail sleeve tube 40 to maintain a certain temperature, preferably close to the body temperature of the small animal.
  • the present invention also provides a method for using the auxiliary device for detecting physiological indicators of small animals in another aspect, including steps:
  • step S1 includes the steps of:
  • the device main body 20 is tilted and lifted so that the small animal actively climbs and induces its tail to stretch out through the bottom opening 221 of the funnel portion 22.
  • the method for using the auxiliary device for detection of small animal physiological indicators also includes the step: S5, after the small animal adapts to the connection line connected to the detection device, perform optogenetic stimulation, electrical stimulation, catheter administration, Any one or more of the experimental operations of catheter collection of body fluids, tail blood collection, and electromyography collection.
  • the auxiliary device for the detection of small animal physiological indicators has the following advantages:
  • the small animal is fixed in an open elastic fixing method, so that the small animal can be naturally and elastically kept in a quiet and stable state, thereby preventing the small animal from producing a stress response and spinning around freely;
  • the main body 20 of the device adopts a transparent material, so as to observe and record the real-time state of the small animal from multiple angles with the naked eye or an ordinary camera;
  • the tail of the small animal can be elastically stable in the described tail sleeve tube 40 kept within a certain temperature range, and the tail can be comfortably placed and convenient for experimental sampling operation;
  • the bottom opening 221 of the device main body 20 can facilitate the natural drop and extension of the tail of the small animal, and can also collect the excrement of the small animal in real time.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置及其使用方法，装置包括支撑结构（10）和支撑于所述支撑结构（10）上的装置主体（20）、弹性尾根固定组件（30）以及尾巴套置管（40），装置主体（20）采用透明材料制成，能够方便多角度观察和记录小动物的实时状态，装置主体（20）还设置有底部开口（221），既方便小动物的尾巴能够自然伸出又方便实时收集小动物的排泄物，弹性尾根固定组件（30）采用开放式弹性固定的方式固定小动物，使得小动物能够在装置主体内保持安静稳定状态，从而避免小动物产生应激反应和自由打转，进而避免各类连接在小动物身上的设备连线产生缠绕或断开连接，尾巴套置管（40）能够保持在一定的温度范围内，既方便小动物的尾巴舒适放置又方便实验采样操作。

Description

一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置及其使用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及动物神经功能研究技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置及其使用方法。
背景技术
在动物神经功能研究中，经常需要检测的动物生理指标变化。然而在检测动物生理指标的过程中，研究人员的抓取操作常会引起动物的应激反应从而导致测量结果不准确，特别是小型动物如实验小鼠，尤其容易出现应激反应。另外，在神经科学研究中常需要将外部设备连接到清醒的动物身上进行有线刺激或检测，动物在连接有线设备后到处活动容易导致外接线缠绕甚至中断连接，而且动物因线路缠绕后也产生紧张等应激反应。
目前在该领域中，也存在一些在检测动物生理指标变化时用于固定小动物的装置，如束缚器类装置和光调控动物血糖实时监测装置，其中束缚器类装置用于固定小动物以进行静脉注射和采血，然而该类装置通过完全束缚小动物的方式来进行实验操作和检测，很显然这类装置会导致小动物应激。光调控动物血糖实时监测装置用于光遗传刺激动物实时检测尾静脉血糖浓度。具体地，光调控动物血糖实时监测装置将动物扣在一个两倍于动物体积的下开口不透明圆柱体内，并在圆柱体顶部和下端周边开若干个小洞以便于光刺激和尾巴检测血糖。在这种环境下，小动物面对的是一个封闭的少光的罩子，无法满足实时观察全状态的需要，而且小动物可以在内部自由打转，当小动物身上连接有比 较轻盈脆弱的设备线时很容易使得设备线发生缠绕或断掉。
总的来讲，目前用于固定小动物以辅助进行动物生理指标变化检测的装置存在容易导致动物产生应激反应和观察不便等问题，并存在因动物固定效果不佳，动物能够自由活动和打转而使得身上连接的设备线产生缠绕或者断线的问题，无法确保对动物进行生理指标变化检测的准确性。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的一目的是，提供一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置及其使用方法，该装置能够开放式弹性固定小动物，以使得小动物身体宽松半自由、视野开阔，经短时间适应后能自然安静地待在原地，能够避免小动物产生应激反应和避免小动物打转，有利于准确地对小动物进行生理指标变化检测。
一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，包括支撑结构和支撑于所述支撑结构上的装置主体、弹性尾根固定组件以及尾巴套置管；
其中所述装置主体包括可活动地支撑于所述支撑结构的支撑部和延伸自所述支撑部的漏斗部，所述漏斗部用于容置小动物且底部设置有底部开口，所述底部开口用于供小动物的尾巴自然下落伸出并便于收集小动物的排泄物；
其中所述弹性尾根固定组件设置在所述底部开口和所述尾巴套置管之间，用于固定小动物的尾巴根部；
其中所述尾巴套置管用于固定小动物的尾巴后部，且所述尾巴套置管的温度被设置保持在一定温度范围内，以确保小动物的尾巴能够舒适放置并方便实验采样操作。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述装置主体采用透明材料制成且内外两面为光面，以避免小动物被遮挡，便于观察和记录小动物的实时状态。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述弹性尾根固定组件包括粘性胶布、夹子、弹性件以及尾根固定环，其中所述粘性胶布用于黏住自所述底部开口伸出的尾巴根部，所述夹子用于夹持所述粘性胶布的可夹持部分，所述弹性件用于将所述夹子绑缚固定于所述尾根固定环上，以此能够保持小动物在一个自主的弹性范围内，且小动物的头部能够朝向所述漏斗部的固定一面而不打转，从而保持小动物身上的各类连线安静稳定连接。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述尾根固定环具有两个固定耳，所述弹性件将所述夹子绑缚固定后两端分别固定于对应的所述固定耳。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述支撑结构包括支撑底座、连接于所述支撑底座的L形支架以及连接于所述L形支架的支撑环，所述装置主体的所述支撑部为圆柱形结构且顶部延伸形成有延伸凸缘，所述支撑部可活动地套设于所述支撑环内，并能够形成所述延伸凸缘的底面与所述支撑环的顶面相抵撑的状态，以便于能够通过提动所述支撑部的方式调整所述装置主体的状态，从而便于诱导小动物主动攀爬而将其尾巴自所述漏斗部的所述底部开口伸出。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述支撑部具有顶部开口，以供外部检测设备的连接线能够自所述顶部开口引入所述漏斗部，并连接在小动物身上。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述支撑结构还包括连接所述支撑底座和所述尾根固定环的第一支撑柱和连接所述支撑底座和所述尾巴套置管的第二支撑柱。
一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法，包括步骤：
S1、将小动物放置于所述辅助装置的漏斗部，使得小动物的尾巴自然伸出所述漏斗部；
S2、采用粘性胶布黏住小动物的尾巴根部，并采用夹子夹住所述粘性胶布的可夹持部分，采用弹性件绑缚所述夹子并将所述弹性件的两端固定于尾根固定环上；
S3、将小动物的尾巴后部插入尾巴套置管，并使得尾巴套置管维持预设温度；以及
S4、将检测设备的连接线连接于小动物的连接端。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述步骤S1包括步骤：
多次将小动物放入所述漏斗部中自由活动以熟悉所述漏斗部的环境；和
将所述装置主体倾斜提动，以使得小动物主动攀爬而诱导其将尾巴经由所述漏斗部的底部开口伸出。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法还包括步骤：S5、小动物适应连接检测设备的连接线后，对小动物进行光遗传刺激、电刺激、导管给药、导管采集体液、尾部采血、肌电脑电采集中的任一种或多种实验操作。
本发明的所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置采用开放式弹性固定的方式固定小动物，使得小动物能够自然弹性地保持在安静稳定状态，从而能够避免小动物产生应激反应和自由打转，进而避免各类连接在小动物身上的设备连线产生缠绕或断开连接，特别是轻质细丝类电线不会被小动物咬断或者因小动物打转缠绕而被扯断，可以做到减轻小动物身上异物感而顺利连接各类精密检测设备。
本发明的所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的所述装置主体采用透明材料制成，能够方便多角度肉眼观察或者采用摄像机记录小动物在所述装置主体内的实时状态，满足实时观察全状态的需要。
本发明的所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的所述装置主体设置有所述底部开口，既方便小动物的尾巴能够自然伸出，同时也能够方便实时收集小动物的排泄物。
本发明的所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置采用的所述尾巴套置管能够保持在一定的温度范围内，如在25℃～37℃内，即保持在小动物较为舒适的温度范围内，使得小动物的尾巴能够舒适放置，同时便于实验采用操作，如对小动物尾巴进行采血操作。
通过对随后的描述和附图的理解，本发明进一步的目的和优势将得以充分体现。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一优选实施例的所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的上述选实施例的所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法流程框图。
附图标号说明：支撑结构10；支撑底座11；L形支架12；支撑环13；第一支撑柱14；第二支撑柱15；装置主体20；支撑部21；延伸凸缘211；顶部开口212；漏斗部22；底部开口221；弹性尾根固定组件30；粘性胶布31；夹子32；弹性件33；尾根固定环34；固定耳341；尾巴套置管40。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。 在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、形变方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本领域技术人员应理解的是，在本发明的揭露中，术语“竖向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此上述术语不能理解为对本发明的限制。
可以理解的是，术语“一”应理解为“至少一”或“一个或多个”，即在一个实施例中，一个元件的数量可以为一个，而在另外的实施例中，该元件的数量可以为多个，术语“一”不能理解为对数量的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明通过提供一种开放式弹性固定小动物的辅助装置，以达到小动物身体宽松半自由、视野开阔，经短时间适应后能自然安静地待在原地，从而能够避免小动物产生应激反应和自由打转，确保准确地对小动物的生理指标变化进行检测，为动物神经功能研究提供准确的实验依据。
如图1所示，根据本发明的一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的具体结构被阐明。所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置包括支撑结构10和支撑于所述支撑结构10上的装置主体20、弹性尾根固定组件30以及尾巴套置管40；其中所述装置主体20包括可活动地支撑于所述支撑结构10的支撑部21和延伸自所述支撑部21的漏斗部22，所述漏斗部22用于容置小动物且 底部设置有底部开口221，所述底部开口221用于供小动物的尾巴自然下落伸出并便于收集小动物的排泄物；其中所述弹性尾根固定组件30设置在所述底部开口221和所述尾巴套置管40之间，用于固定小动物的尾巴根部；其中所述尾巴套置管40用于固定小动物的尾巴后部，且所述尾巴套置管40的温度被设置保持在一定温度范围内，以确保小动物的尾巴能够舒适放置并方便实验采样操作。
特别地，所述装置主体20采用透明材料制成，且内外两面为光面，以避免小动物被遮挡，能够从多个角度肉眼看到小动物的大部分躯体，从而能够方便多角度肉眼观察或者采用摄像机记录小动物在所述装置主体20内的实时状态，满足实时观察全状态的需要。
优选地，所述装置主体20为亚克力材质。
值得一提的是，所述尾巴套置管40可以连接有外部加热设备或者敷有保温袋以实现其温度能够保持在一定温度范围内，本发明对所述尾巴套置管40的具体温度保持方式不作限制。
此外，还值得一提的是，所述尾巴套置管40的温度优选保持在25℃～37℃，以接近小动物的体温，保持在小动物较为舒适的温度范围内，既能够让小动物的尾巴能够舒适放置又能够方便实验采样操作，如对小动物尾巴进行采血操作。
进一步地，所述弹性尾根固定组件30包括粘性胶布31、夹子32、弹性件33以及尾根固定环34，其中所述粘性胶布31用于黏住自所述底部开口221伸出的尾巴根部，所述夹子32用于夹持所述粘性胶布31的可夹持部分，所述弹性件33用于将所述夹子32绑缚固定于所述尾根固定环34上，以此能够保持小动物在一个自主的弹性范围内，且小动物的头部能够朝向所述漏斗部22的固定一面而不打转，从而保持小动物身上的各类连线安静稳定连接。
值得一提的是，所述粘性胶布31优选采用医用粘性胶布，所述粘性胶布31的可夹持部分为所述粘性胶布31除黏住小动物的尾巴根部以外的部分，所 述弹性件33优选为橡皮筋。
更进一步地，所述尾根固定环34具有两个固定耳341，所述弹性件33将所述夹子32绑缚固定后两端分别固定于对应的所述固定耳341。
可以理解的是，通过所述弹性尾根固定组件30仅弹性固定小动物的尾巴，小动物能够处于身体宽松、半自由的状态，而且由于所述装置主体20为透明装置，小动物视野开阔，在短时间的半自由活动之后，小动物能够适应后自然安静地待在原地，自然弹性地保持在安静稳定的状态，避免产生应激反应。同时由于小动物的尾巴根部经由所述夹子32和所述弹性件33固定在所述尾根固定环34上，因此能够保持小动物在一个自主的弹性范围内头部朝漏斗的固定一面而不打转，从而保持各类检测设备的连线安静稳定连接。
也就是说，所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置采用开放式弹性固定的方式固定小动物，使得小动物能够自然弹性地保持在安静稳定状态，从而能够避免小动物产生应激反应和自由打转，进而避免各类连接在小动物身上的设备连线产生缠绕或断开连接，特别是轻质细丝类电线不会被小动物咬断或者因小动物打转缠绕而被扯断，可以做到减轻小动物身上异物感而顺利连接各类精密检测设备。
值得一提的是，所述支撑结构10包括支撑底座11、连接于所述支撑底座11的L形支架12以及连接于所述L形支架12的支撑环13，所述装置主体20的所述支撑部21为圆柱形结构且顶部延伸形成有延伸凸缘211，所述支撑部21可活动地套设于所述支撑环13内，并能够形成所述延伸凸缘211的底面与所述支撑环13的顶面相抵撑的状态，以此所述装置主体20能够可活动地支撑在所述支撑结构10上。
可以理解的是，由于所述装置主体20可活动地支撑在所述L形支架12上，在小动物的尾巴盘在漏斗内部时，可以通过提动所述支撑部21的方式调整所述装置主体20的状态，例如可以倾斜地提动所述装置主体20，从而便于诱导小动物主动攀爬而将其尾巴自所述漏斗部22的所述底部开口221伸出。
换句话说，通过将所述装置主体20设置为可活动地支撑在所述支撑结构10上，能够通过调整所述装置主体20的姿态的方式调节所述装置主体20内部小动物的姿态，以满足不同实验的需求，同时避免采取直接抓取等调节方式而导致的小动物产生应激反应。
值得一提的是，所述支撑部21具有顶部开口212，以供外部检测设备的连接线能够自所述顶部开口212引入所述漏斗部22，并连接在小动物身上。
进一步地，所述支撑结构10还包括连接所述支撑底座11和所述尾根固定环34的第一支撑柱14和连接所述支撑底座11和所述尾巴套置管40的第二支撑柱15。
值得一提的是，所述尾根固定环34、所述尾巴套置管40以及所述支撑结构10均优选为不锈钢材质。
此外，还值得一提的是，本发明的所述辅助装置用于辅助检测的小动物为小鼠，也可以为其他小动物，本发明对实验小动物的具体类型不作限制。
在本发明的这一实施例中，所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的具体尺寸为：所述支撑底座11为长为50cm，宽30cm，高8cm的长方体结构，所述装置主体20的所述顶部开口212的直径为13cm，所述支撑部21的深度为6.5cm，所述漏斗部22的深度为12.5cm，所述漏斗部22展开后为扇形，扇形的半径为15cm，所述底部开口221的直径为1cm，所述底部开口221与所述支撑底座11之间的距离为15cm。
应该理解的是，根据不同实验需求，所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置可以具有其他尺寸，本发明对此不作限制。
在本发明的这一实施例中，所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的具体使用步骤如下：
首先，小动物需在所述装置主体20的所述漏斗部22中自由活动，以熟悉所述漏斗部22的环境，连续三天，每天约一小时。
值得一提的是，小动物熟悉所述装置主体20后会安静地攀爬式待在所述 漏斗部22的底部，有些会将尾巴主动伸出漏斗底部开口221，有些会把尾巴盘在漏斗内，可单独提出所述装置主体20并稍微倾斜使小动物主动攀爬诱导其尾巴伸出漏斗底部开口221。
其次，用一小块医用粘性胶布黏住尾巴根部，胶布多余出一块柄部以便小夹子夹住，小夹子用弹性件33绑缚并将弹性件33两端各固定在尾根固定环34上。
再次，尾巴自所述尾根固定环34穿出后，将尾巴插入尾巴套置管40，将保温小袋辅助在尾巴套置管40上以维持一定温度，温度优选接近小动物的体温。
最后，将需要连接在小动物身上的设备连线连接在小动物连接端，小动物适应40分钟后可进行具体实验操作，例如：光遗传刺激、电刺激、导管给药、导管采集体液、尾部采血、肌电脑电采集等。
也就是说，如图2所示，本发明在另一方面还提供了所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法，包括步骤：
S1、将小动物放置于所述辅助装置的漏斗部22，使得小动物的尾巴自然伸出所述漏斗部22；
S2、采用粘性胶布31黏住小动物的尾巴根部，并采用夹子夹住所述粘性胶布31的可夹持部分，采用弹性件33绑缚所述夹子32并将所述弹性件33的两端固定于尾根固定环34上；
S3、将小动物的尾巴后部插入尾巴套置管40，并使得尾巴套置管40维持预设温度；以及
S4、将检测设备的连接线连接于小动物的连接端。
具体地，所述步骤S1包括步骤：
多次将小动物放入所述漏斗部22中自由活动以熟悉所述漏斗部22的环境；和
将所述装置主体20倾斜提动，以使得小动物主动攀爬而诱导其将尾巴经 由所述漏斗部22的底部开口221伸出。
进一步地，所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法还包括步骤：S5、小动物适应连接检测设备的连接线后，对小动物进行光遗传刺激、电刺激、导管给药、导管采集体液、尾部采血、肌电脑电采集中的任一种或多种实验操作。
总的来讲，所述用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置具有以下优点：
(1)采用开放式弹性固定的方式固定小动物，使得小动物能够自然弹性地保持在安静稳定状态，从而能够避免小动物产生应激反应和自由打转；
(2)各类连接在小动物身上的设备连线不会缠绕、断开连接，特别是轻质细丝类电线不会被小动物缠绕扯断、咬断，可以做到减轻小动物身上异物感而顺利连接各类精密设备；
(3)采用透明材质的所述装置主体20，以能够通过肉眼或普通相机多角度观察和记录小动物的实时状态；
(4)小动物的尾巴能够弹性稳定在保持在一定的温度范围内的所述尾巴套置管40内，尾巴能够舒适放置又方便实验采样操作；
(5)所述装置主体20的所述底部开口221能够方便小动物尾巴自然下落伸出，还可实时收集小动物的排泄物。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上实施例仅表达了本发明的优选的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，其特征在于，包括支撑结构和支撑于所述支撑结构上的装置主体、弹性尾根固定组件以及尾巴套置管；
    其中所述装置主体包括可活动地支撑于所述支撑结构的支撑部和延伸自所述支撑部的漏斗部，所述漏斗部用于容置小动物且底部设置有底部开口，所述底部开口用于供小动物的尾巴自然下落伸出并便于收集小动物的排泄物；
    其中所述弹性尾根固定组件设置在所述底部开口和所述尾巴套置管之间，用于固定小动物的尾巴根部；
    其中所述尾巴套置管用于固定小动物的尾巴后部，且所述尾巴套置管的温度被设置保持在一定温度范围内，以确保小动物的尾巴能够舒适放置并方便实验采样操作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，其特征在于，所述装置主体采用透明材料制成且内外两面为光面。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，其特征在于，所述弹性尾根固定组件包括粘性胶布、夹子、弹性件以及尾根固定环，其中所述粘性胶布用于黏住自所述底部开口伸出的尾巴根部，所述夹子用于夹持所述粘性胶布的可夹持部分，所述弹性件用于将所述夹子绑缚固定于所述尾根固定环上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，其特征在于，所述尾根固定环具有两个固定耳，所述弹性件将所述夹子绑缚固定后两端分别固定于对应的所述固定耳。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，其特征 在于，所述支撑结构包括支撑底座、连接于所述支撑底座的L形支架以及连接于所述L形支架的支撑环，所述装置主体的所述支撑部为圆柱形结构且顶部延伸形成有延伸凸缘，所述支撑部可活动地套设于所述支撑环内，并能够形成所述延伸凸缘的底面与所述支撑环的顶面相抵撑的状态。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，其特征在于，所述支撑部具有顶部开口，以供外部检测设备的连接线能够自所述顶部开口引入所述漏斗部，并连接在小动物身上。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置，其特征在于，所述支撑结构还包括连接所述支撑底座和所述尾根固定环的第一支撑柱和连接所述支撑底座和所述尾巴套置管的第二支撑柱。
  8. 一种用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：
    S1、将小动物放置于所述辅助装置的漏斗部，使得小动物的尾巴自然伸出所述漏斗部；
    S2、采用粘性胶布黏住小动物的尾巴根部，并采用夹子夹住所述粘性胶布的可夹持部分，采用弹性件绑缚所述夹子并将所述弹性件的两端固定于尾根固定环上；
    S3、将小动物的尾巴后部插入尾巴套置管，并使得尾巴套置管维持预设温度；以及
    S4、将检测设备的连接线连接于小动物的连接端。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1包括步骤：
    多次将小动物放入所述漏斗部中自由活动以熟悉所述漏斗部的环境；和
    将所述装置主体倾斜提动，以使得小动物主动攀爬而诱导其将尾巴经由所述漏斗部的底部开口伸出。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的用于小动物生理指标检测的辅助装置的使用方法，其特征在于，还包括步骤：S5、小动物适应连接检测设备的连接线后，对小动物进行光遗传刺激、电刺激、导管给药、导管采集体液、尾部采血、肌电脑电采集中的任一种或多种实验操作。
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