WO2023102577A1 - Coffrage permanent - Google Patents

Coffrage permanent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023102577A1
WO2023102577A1 PCT/ZA2021/050067 ZA2021050067W WO2023102577A1 WO 2023102577 A1 WO2023102577 A1 WO 2023102577A1 ZA 2021050067 W ZA2021050067 W ZA 2021050067W WO 2023102577 A1 WO2023102577 A1 WO 2023102577A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
formation
sheet
planar portion
formations
apertures
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2021/050067
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Antonie Christoffel Lombard VAN WYK
Original Assignee
Van Wyk Antonie Christoffel Lombard
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Van Wyk Antonie Christoffel Lombard filed Critical Van Wyk Antonie Christoffel Lombard
Priority to PCT/ZA2021/050067 priority Critical patent/WO2023102577A1/fr
Publication of WO2023102577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023102577A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/326—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to permanent shuttering. More specifically, the present invention relates to permanent shuttering comprising: (i) a sheet that is bent to form perforated ridges I formations that define a channel therebetween; and (ii) a void former that is at least partially captured between the ridges / formations.
  • GB2,340,146 Sheet decking with dovetail corrugations
  • WO2010/037876 System for connecting together sheet steel and concrete
  • US2005/0072082 “Highly ventilated soffit with obscured ventilation openings”
  • US2005/0178076 “Ventilated soffit panel and method for building and like”
  • US2009/0126286 “Highly ventilated soffit with obscured ventilation openings”
  • US764.989 Metal lathe” describe sheets with wedge-shaped ridges that define apertures.
  • permanent shuttering that includes: a first sheet bent to provide: a substantially planar portion defining an operative upper surface; a first formation extending: from the operative upper surface of the planar portion of the first sheet; perpendicularly from the first and second sides of the planar portion defined by the first sheet, and spaced from the first and second ends of the planar portion defined by the first sheet; and a second formation extending: from the operative upper surface of the planar portion of the first sheet; perpendicularly from the first and second sides of the planar portion defined by the first sheet, and spaced from the first formation; and a first void former sized at least partially to be received between the first formation and the second formation, wherein: the first formation is in the form of a hollow wedge, such that: the planar portion of the first sheet between the first and second formations; the first formation; and the second formation, define a channel with a constricted opening; the first formation defines a series of apertures, in use, to
  • the first void former is elongate, extending along at least 90% of the length of the channel defined by the planar portion of the first sheet, the first formation and the second formation; and is in axial cross-section an acute trapezoid.
  • the first formation is in axial cross-section triangular, with: first and second sides of the triangle extending and diverging from the planar portion of the first sheet; and the third side of the triangle spaced from, but substantially parallel to, the planar portion of the first sheet.
  • the ends of the first and second sides of the triangle formed by the first formation proximal the planar portion of the first sheet abut each other along the length of the first formation.
  • the second formation extends along the first end of the planar portion defined by first sheet.
  • the permanent shuttering further includes: a third formation extending: from the operative upper surface of the planar portion of the first sheet; perpendicularly from the first and second sides of the planar portion defined by the first sheet; and along the second end of the planar portion defined by the first sheet; and a second void former sized at least partially to be received between the first formation and the third formation, wherein: the planar portion of the first sheet between the first and third formations, the first formation and the third formation define a channel with a constricted opening; and at least a portion of the second void former received between the first formation and the third formation is oversized relative to the constricted opening of the channel defined by the planar portion of the first sheet, the first formation and the third formation, such that, the first formation and the third formation restrict movement of the second void former away from the planar portion of the first sheet and out of the channel defined by the planar portion of the first sheet, the first formation and the third formation.
  • the second formation extends substantially orthogonally from the planar portion of the first sheet; the first side of the triangle formed by the first formation is proximal the second formation and extends acutely from the planar portion of the first sheet extending between the first and second formations; the second side of the triangle formed by the first formation is proximal the third formation and extends substantially orthogonally from the planar portion of the first sheet extending between the first and third formations; and the third formation extends acutely from the planar portion of the first sheet extending between the first and third formations.
  • the second formation defines a series of apertures, in use, to permit a settable material to pass through the apertures defined by the second formation
  • the third formation defines a series of apertures, in use, to permit a settable material to pass through the apertures defined by the third formation.
  • the apertures defined by the first, second and third formations are formed by partially cutting or stamping portions from the first, second and third formations and retaining uncut portions along which the partially cut or stamped portions are bent away from the surrounding material to provide tabs that protrude from the first, second and third formations.
  • a settable material covers the operative upper surface of the first sheet and the first and second void formers.
  • the permanent shuttering may further include a second sheet with third and fourth void formers identical to the first sheet with first and second void formers as previously described, wherein the second formation on the first sheet is engageable with the third formation on the second sheet to form a hollow wedge.
  • Figure 1 is perspective view of permanent shuttering according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the permanent shuttering in Figure 1 with a settable material cast thereon to form a composite cast structure;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the connection between two adjacent permanent shuttering sheets shown in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is perspective view of the connection between two adjacent shuttering sheets according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of permanent shuttering according to a further alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • permanent shuttering 10 includes a first sheet 12 and void formers 14.
  • a settable material 15 is intended to cover the first sheet 12 and void formers 14 to form a composite cast structure.
  • the first sheet 12 is a rectangular metal sheet that is bent to provide:
  • a substantially planar portion 16 that defines: an operative upper surface 18; first and second opposed sides 20 and first and second opposed ends 22.
  • a first formation 24 in the form of a hollow wedge that extends from the operative upper surface 18 of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12. More specifically, the first formation extends perpendicularly from the first and second sides 20 of the planar portion defined by the first sheet 12, spaced from the first and second ends 22 of the planar portion defined by the first sheet 12. In axial cross-section, the first formation 24 is triangular, with: first and second sides 24a of the triangle extending and diverging from the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12; and the third side 24b of the triangle spaced from, but substantially parallel to the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12.
  • substantially parallel to the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 means that the third side 24b of the triangle is not angularly offset by more than 10 degrees from a virtual plane that extends parallel to the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 and intersects with the third side 24b of the triangle.
  • the ends of the first and second sides 24a of the triangle formed by the first formation 24 proximal the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 abut each other along the length of the first formation 24, thereby providing a hollow area within the first formation 24.
  • a second formation 26 that extends: from the operative upper surface 18 of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12; perpendicularly from the first and second sides 20 of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12; and along the first end 22a of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12.
  • the second formation 26 is spaced from the first formation 24, but runs substantially parallel to the first formation 24.
  • substantially parallel is intended to mean not diverging from parallel by more than 5 degrees.
  • a third formation 28 that extends: from the operative upper surface 18 of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12; perpendicularly from the first and second sides 20 of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12; and along the second end 22b of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12.
  • the third formation 26 is spaced from the first formation 24, but runs substantially parallel to the first formation 24.
  • the second formation 26 extends substantially orthogonally from the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12;
  • ⁇ the first side 24a’ of the triangle formed by the first formation 24 is proximal the second formation 26 and extends acutely from the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 extending between the first and second formations 24 and 26; ⁇ the second side 24a” of the triangle formed by the first formation 24 is proximal the third formation 28 and extends substantially orthogonally from the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 extending between the first and third formations 24 and 28; and
  • the third formation 28 extends acutely from the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 extending between the first and third formations 24 and 28.
  • the wedge-shape of the first formation 24 and the inclination of the second and third formations 26 and 28 relative to the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 provides channels with constricted openings therebetween. More specifically:
  • the second formation 26 define a first channel with a constricted opening
  • the third formation 28 define a second channel with a constricted opening.
  • references to "constricted openings" with reference to the first and second channels are intended to mean constrictions to the radial opening and not the axial opening of the channels (which axes extend from the first and second sides 20 of the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12).
  • Each of the first, second and third formations 24, 26 and 28 defines a series of apertures 30.
  • the apertures 30 defined by the second formation 24 permit settable material 15 to pass therethrough, into the hollow cavity defined by the second formation 24.
  • Figure 4 shows a formation 24, 26 or 28 with the apertures 30 created by partially cutting or stamping portions from the formation 24, 26 or 28 and bending the partially cut or stamped portion away from the surrounding formation 24, 26 or 28 material to provide tabs 32 that protrude from the formation 24, 26 or 28.
  • the purpose of the tabs 32 are to increase anchorage of the formations 24, 26 or 28 within settable material 15 that is poured over the first sheet 12 (when set).
  • Figures 1 and 2 show first and second void formers 14a and 14b in the form of elongate solid members that are in axial cross-section acute trapezoids. It will be appreciated that, being solid, the void formers 14a and 14b do not permit the ingress of setable material therein.
  • the void formers 14 are typically made of a material that is lighter than the settable material 15 used to pour over the first sheet 12.
  • the purpose of the void formers 14 is to: reduce the weight of the permanent shuttering 10 after casting of settable material 15 thereon (i.e. the weight of the composite cast structure shown in Figure 2); and reduce the volume of settable material 15 required to be poured over the first sheet 12 to create the composite cast structure.
  • the void formers 14 have been illustrated in the shape of acute trapezoids, it will be appreciated that the void formers 14 may be of any other shape (e.g. triangular, coboid), provided that the void former includes an oversized portion near its base to restrain the void formers 14 between the formations 24, 26 and 28.
  • the first void former 14a is sized at least partially to be received between the first formation 24 and the second formation 26. More specifically, the first void former 14a is arranged such that at least a portion of the first void former 14a received between the first formation 24 and the second formation 26 is oversized relative to the constricted opening of the channel defined by: the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 between the first and second formations 24 and 26; the first formation 24; and the second formation 26.
  • first void former 14a so received between the first and second formations 24 and 26
  • movement of the first void former 14a away from the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 is restricted by the first and second formations 24 and 26.
  • the geometry of the first void former 14a, the first formation 24 and the second formation 26 restricts movement of the first void former 14a out of the channel defined by: the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 between the first and second formations 24 and 26; the first formation 24; and the second formation 26.
  • the second void former 14b is sized at least partially to be received between the first formation 24 and the third formation 28. More specifically, the second void former 14b is arranged such that at least a portion of the second void former 14b received between the first formation 24 and the third formation 28 is oversized relative to the constricted opening of the channel defined by: the planar portion 16 of the first sheet 12 between the first and third formations 24 and 28; the first formation 24; and the third formation 28.
  • each void former 14 extends along at least 90% of the length of the channel in which it is captured.
  • Capture of the void formers 14 by the first, second and third formations 24, 26 and 28 is particularly necessary where the void formers 14 are: hollow; or less dense than the settable material 15 to be poured on the first sheet 12.
  • Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of the permanent shuttering 110.
  • This further embodiment is substantially similar to the permanent shuttering 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the void former 114 shown in Figure 5 is not made of a solid material.
  • the void former 114 is made of sheet metal that is an acute trapezoid in axial cross-sectional shape (with closed axial ends) and that, when placed on the first sheet 112, forms an air-filled void between the void former 114 and the first sheet 112.
  • the sheet metal from which the void formers 114 are made provide an effective seal against the ingress of settable material into the void formers 114.
  • the void formers 114 do not define apertures that would otherwise permit setable material to enter the hollow inside of the void formers 114 and undermine the purpose of the void formers 114.
  • the reference to apertures in this paragraph is intended to include open axial ends of void formers.
  • the "channel members" described in US2004/231276 define apertures as well as open axial ends through which settable material may enter the channel members, thereby using the channel members as reinforcing members in the composite cast structure instead of as formers of voids.
  • the permanent shuttering 10 may comprise:
  • a settable material 15 e.g. concrete
  • a settable material 15 is poured over the sheets 12 to cover the operative upper surface 18 of the sheet 12 and the void formers 14 restrained by the sheet 12 to form a composite cast structure.
  • ⁇ tabs 32 extending from the formations 24, 26 and 28; facilitate bonding between the sheets 12 and settable material 15 cast thereon (features and benefits that are absent in US2004/0231276), while the void formers 14 reduce: the weight of the composite cast structure; and the volume of settable material 15 required to form the composite cast structure.
  • US2004/0231276 describes a structure (referred to therein as “channel members”) disposed between ridges on a shuttering sheet, which structure defines apertures and open axial ends that permit the flow of settable material into the structure and purpose the structure as reinforcing for the composite cast structure
  • the void formers 14 and 114 according to the present invention do not define apertures or open axial ends that would otherwise permit settable material to flow therein, thereby enabling the void formers to function as formers of voids in the composite cast structure.
  • no separate tie is required to secure the void formers 14 in position on the sheet 12 during pouring of the settable material 15.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un coffrage permanent (10) qui comprend une première feuille (12) et un premier dispositif de formation de vides (14a). La première feuille (12) est courbée de façon à obtenir (i) une partie sensiblement plane (16) définissant une surface supérieure fonctionnelle (18), des première et seconde extrémités opposées (22) et des premier et second côtés opposés (20) ; (ii) une première formation (24) s'étendant : à partir de la surface supérieure fonctionnelle (18) de la partie plane (16) de la première feuille (12) ; perpendiculairement à partir des premier et second côtés (20) de la partie plane (16) définie par la première feuille (12), et espacée des première et seconde extrémités (22) de la partie plane (16) définie par la première feuille (12) ; et (iii) une seconde formation (26) s'étendant : à partir de la surface supérieure fonctionnelle (18) de la partie plane (16) de la première feuille (12) ; perpendiculairement depuis les premier et second côtés (20) de la partie plane (16) définie par la première feuille (12), et espacée de la première formation (24). Le premier élément de formation de vides (14a) est dimensionné au moins partiellement pour être reçu entre la première formation (24) et la seconde formation (26). La première formation (24) se présente sous la forme d'un coin creux, de telle sorte que : la partie plane (16) de la première feuille (12) entre les première et seconde formations ; la première formation (24) ; et la seconde formation (26), définissent un canal ayant une ouverture rétrécie. La première formation (24) définit une série d'ouvertures, lors de l'utilisation, pour permettre à un matériau durcissable de passer à travers les ouvertures dans la première formation (24), et au moins une partie du premier dispositif de formation de vides (14a) reçue entre la première formation et la seconde formation est surdimensionnée par rapport à l'ouverture rétrécie du canal défini par la partie plane de la première feuille (12), la première formation (24) et la seconde formation (26).
PCT/ZA2021/050067 2021-12-01 2021-12-01 Coffrage permanent WO2023102577A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ZA2021/050067 WO2023102577A1 (fr) 2021-12-01 2021-12-01 Coffrage permanent

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ZA2021/050067 WO2023102577A1 (fr) 2021-12-01 2021-12-01 Coffrage permanent

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023102577A1 true WO2023102577A1 (fr) 2023-06-08

Family

ID=86613178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2021/050067 WO2023102577A1 (fr) 2021-12-01 2021-12-01 Coffrage permanent

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2023102577A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3496691A (en) * 1968-08-02 1970-02-24 Bethlehem Steel Corp Concrete forms
US20040231276A1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2004-11-25 Mark Patrick Structural formwork member
US20070000197A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2007-01-04 University Of Western Sydney Structural decking system
CN201087492Y (zh) * 2007-08-07 2008-07-16 曾国华 复合式钢承板的楼板结构

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3496691A (en) * 1968-08-02 1970-02-24 Bethlehem Steel Corp Concrete forms
US20040231276A1 (en) * 2001-06-12 2004-11-25 Mark Patrick Structural formwork member
US20070000197A1 (en) * 2003-01-23 2007-01-04 University Of Western Sydney Structural decking system
CN201087492Y (zh) * 2007-08-07 2008-07-16 曾国华 复合式钢承板的楼板结构

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