WO2023101576A1 - Générateur d'aérosol (variantes) - Google Patents

Générateur d'aérosol (variantes) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023101576A1
WO2023101576A1 PCT/RU2022/050239 RU2022050239W WO2023101576A1 WO 2023101576 A1 WO2023101576 A1 WO 2023101576A1 RU 2022050239 W RU2022050239 W RU 2022050239W WO 2023101576 A1 WO2023101576 A1 WO 2023101576A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chemically
composition
heated composition
chemically heated
housing
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Application number
PCT/RU2022/050239
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Глеб Владимирович ЛОКШИН
Original Assignee
Глеб Владимирович ЛОКШИН
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Глеб Владимирович ЛОКШИН filed Critical Глеб Владимирович ЛОКШИН
Publication of WO2023101576A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023101576A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
    • F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens

Definitions

  • SUBSTANCE group of inventions relates to means for creating aerosols from sublimated substances, as well as for generating artificial fogs or smoke screens, and can be used in agriculture as an insecticide, herbicide, etc., in military or law enforcement activities, in particular, as a lachrymator , or for the purpose of generating colored smoke in any area where it may be required, such as special effects or smoke screens.
  • Known aerosol generator related to smoke-generating means that distribute generated during combustion of the pyrotechnic composition aerosol, which is used to form a smoke masking curtain.
  • This aerosol generator contains pyrotechnic checkers placed in a cylindrical body closed at the ends by a lid and a bottom, distributed around the perimeter and fixed on the bottom, between which a gas outlet of the receiver communicating with the outlet is formed, and an igniter device.
  • Ribs in the form of ridges are made on the body, pyrotechnic blocks are pressed into bearing shells, the outer diameter of which exceeds the inner diameter by 13-16%, and the bottom part of the blocks, made of an inert composition, is fixed in a layer of polymer compound, the outlet is closed by a pressure reducing valve, and in the bottom there is a slide gate of the communication windows of the sinking, made in a metal capsule filled with a wad of thermally insulating material, inside of which a powder charge is placed, and the igniter is located above one of the pyrotechnic pieces, in the open ends of which igniter tablets are installed.
  • Another feature of the aerosol generator is that its smoke bomb, made of a metal chloride composition based on hexachloroethane with a dispersed powder of metallic fuel, including zinc oxide, is technologically structured with fluororubber and additionally includes a baking powder, which is used as urea or azodicarbonamide (RU 74461 U1, 27.06 .2008).
  • the aerosol generator related to weapons, namely the means of setting smoke screens.
  • the aerosol generator contains a cylindrical body, a heat-insulating layer of foam concrete or gypsum, a pyrotechnic end combustion block with a central prechamber, an igniter, a gas-permeable cooler, a combustion chamber, a convex cover with outlets (RU 2511562 C2, 10.04.2014).
  • a pyrotechnic sulfur aerosol generator is also known, containing a cardboard case with an aerosol-forming pyrotechnic composition, including ammonium nitrate and coal, elemental sulfur, flame-retardant and combustion-stabilizing additives, a cover with holes for the output of the resulting sulfur aerosol, an ignition device - a match-igniter made from a piece of pyrotechnic a cord equipped with a pyrotechnic composition on a water-soluble binder, and containing an incendiary head at one of its ends, and an igniter head at the other, also made from pyrotechnic compositions based on a water-soluble binder, characterized in that it contains a polyethylene bag for placing the pyrotechnic composition, the cardboard case is made two-layer, and active carbon in the pyrotechnic composition has a dynamic activity for benzene from 40 to 100 minutes (RU 164587 U1, 10.09.2016).
  • a universal aerosol generator which includes a central initiation unit containing a mechanical and electric igniter, equipped with a shielding damper and installed in a diaphragm provided with distributed outlets on a plinth, combined with a screw cartridge, a coaxial outlet pipe equipped with a removable cover and fixed on a housing bearing functional piece of pyrotechnic composition.
  • the outlet tube has radial smoke outlet windows aligned with through slots in the adjacent rotary shell, and the diaphragm rests on a flow regulator made in the form of a disk with perforations coaxial to the outlet holes, the handle of which is located between the igniters.
  • the technical problem is the complexity of the design of known aerosol generators, which leads to high labor intensity and cost of their production.
  • the technical result of the claimed group of inventions is to simplify the design while ensuring efficiency and reliability, as well as expanding the functionality of the aerosol generator.
  • the technical result of the first version of the device is obtained by an aerosol generator containing a body with walls and a bottom, the cavity of which is filled with a solid chemically heated composition. From the side of the upper part of the generator, a combustion or heating initiator is immersed in the chemically heated composition. In the mass of the chemically heated composition there is a hermetic thermally destructible container filled with a sublimable agent. The container material is selected in such a way that the temperature of its destruction from thermal action is lower than the maximum heating temperature of the chemically heated composition.
  • the technical result of the second version of the device is obtained by an aerosol generator containing a body with walls and a bottom, the cavity of which is filled with a solid chemically heated composition.
  • a solid chemically heated composition In the bottom of the housing, at least one through hole is made, closed with a permeable material.
  • a hermetic thermally destructible container filled with a sublimable agent. The container material is selected in such a way that the temperature of its destruction from thermal action is lower than the maximum heating temperature of the chemically heated composition.
  • the upper part of the housing may be closed with a gas-permeable protective membrane having an aerosol outlet.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the first version of the aerosol generator in section.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the second version of the aerosol generator in section.
  • the first version of the aerosol generator 1 includes a housing 2 with walls 3 and a bottom 4, the cavity of which is filled with a solid chemically heated composition 5. From the side of the upper part of the generator, a combustion or heating initiator 6 is partially immersed in the chemically heated composition 5.
  • the upper part of the housing 2 can be closed with a protective membrane 7 and the aerosol outlet 8 is closed with a gas-permeable membrane.
  • a sealed thermally destructible container 9 filled with a sublimating agent 10.
  • the second variant of the aerosol generator differs from the first by means of initiating a chemical reaction, which are through holes 11 made in the bottom of the housing, covered with a permeable material.
  • the heating of the composition 5 begins after the lower part of the aerosol generator is immersed in the liquid 12, which penetrates into the housing through the holes 11 and enters into a chemical reaction with the composition 5, providing the necessary heat release.
  • Combustion occurs layer by layer.
  • burning heating
  • the container 9 is destroyed with a delay and the agent 10 is released into the cooling slag, followed by heating by gases from the continued heating of the composition 5.
  • This process is achieved by selecting the material from which the sealed container 9 is made, the thickness of its walls, as well as the selection of a chemically heated composition 5.
  • the material from which the sealed container 9 is made is selected so that the temperature of its destruction from thermal action is lower than the maximum heating temperature of the chemically heated composition 5.
  • the agent 10 sublimates from the surface of the spent fuel due to the heating of the remaining fuel by the exhaust gases, the efficiency of sublimation increases, since the agent 10 does not contact the high temperature zone of maximum heating of the chemically heated composition 5, at which the agent may lose its properties or burn out , partially or completely.
  • the simplicity and efficiency of the design of the claimed generator allows you to ensure the speed and manufacturability of its production at a fairly low cost.
  • the versatility of the design allows the aerosol generator to be used in a wide range of applications.
  • the body of the aerosol generator can be made of non-combustible, combustible or partially combustible material, for example, plastic, metal (canning sheet), cardboard, etc.
  • a pyrotechnic composition can be used, the ignition of which is initiated by ignition, for example, a composition with the following composition: potassium chlorate - 20%, potassium nitrate - 20%, lactose - 50%, magnesium carbonate - 10%.
  • the igniter cord acts as the initiator of heating (combustion).
  • compositions can also be used, the heating of which begins as a result of a chemical reaction, for example, quicklime, which begins to release heat when interacting with water or an aqueous solution.
  • the initiator of heating can be a liquid injector placed in the housing or immersed in it.
  • the liquid can enter the housing through the holes, as proposed in the second version of the aerosol generator.
  • the sublimating agent may be, for example, permethrin (for insecticides), a fat-soluble pigment (for generating colored smoke), cayenne pepper (for lachrymators).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Ce groupe d'inventions concerne des moyens pour former des brouillards artificiels ou des rideaux de fumée. Dans une première variante, le générateur d'aérosol comprend un corps avec des parois et un fond, dont la cavité est remplie d'une composition solide à chauffer par voie chimique. Un initiateur de combustion ou de chauffage est introduit du côté de la partie supérieure du générateur dans la composition à chauffer par voie chimique. Un récipient étanche thermiquement frangible est disposé dans la masse de la composition à chauffer par voie chimique, lequel est rempli d'un agent sublimable. Le matériau du récipient est choisi de sorte que que sa température de destruction sous l'effet d'une action thermique soit inférieure à la température de chauffage maximale de la composition à chauffer par voie chimique. Dans une autre variante, le fond du corps comprend au moins une ouverture traversante fermée par un matériau perméable à l'eau. L'invention permet de simplifier la structure.
PCT/RU2022/050239 2021-11-30 2022-08-02 Générateur d'aérosol (variantes) WO2023101576A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2021134962 2021-11-30
RU2021134962A RU2770933C1 (ru) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Генератор аэрозоля (варианты)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023101576A1 true WO2023101576A1 (fr) 2023-06-08

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ID=81306400

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2022/050239 WO2023101576A1 (fr) 2021-11-30 2022-08-02 Générateur d'aérosol (variantes)

Country Status (2)

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RU (1) RU2770933C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023101576A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU74461U1 (ru) * 2008-01-22 2008-06-27 Николай Михайлович Вареных Генератор аэрозоля и дымовая шашка для него
RU2592965C1 (ru) * 2015-04-08 2016-07-27 Акционерное общество "Чебоксарское производственное объединение имени В.И. Чапаева" Универсальный генератор аэрозоля
WO2019058400A1 (fr) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-28 Ur Fog S.R.L. Dispositif de génération de brouillard
RU2715426C1 (ru) * 2019-01-09 2020-02-28 Акционерное общество "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Научно-исследовательский институт прикладной химии" Генератор дыма

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU74461U1 (ru) * 2008-01-22 2008-06-27 Николай Михайлович Вареных Генератор аэрозоля и дымовая шашка для него
RU2592965C1 (ru) * 2015-04-08 2016-07-27 Акционерное общество "Чебоксарское производственное объединение имени В.И. Чапаева" Универсальный генератор аэрозоля
WO2019058400A1 (fr) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-28 Ur Fog S.R.L. Dispositif de génération de brouillard
RU2715426C1 (ru) * 2019-01-09 2020-02-28 Акционерное общество "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Научно-исследовательский институт прикладной химии" Генератор дыма

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RU2770933C1 (ru) 2022-04-25

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