WO2023099863A1 - Process for manufacturing (trimethyl)platinum iodide - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing (trimethyl)platinum iodide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023099863A1 WO2023099863A1 PCT/GB2022/052943 GB2022052943W WO2023099863A1 WO 2023099863 A1 WO2023099863 A1 WO 2023099863A1 GB 2022052943 W GB2022052943 W GB 2022052943W WO 2023099863 A1 WO2023099863 A1 WO 2023099863A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- trimethyl
- meli
- iodide
- platinum
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- BCSYXDNNYLPNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-M C[Pt](C)(C)I Chemical compound C[Pt](C)(C)I BCSYXDNNYLPNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyllithium Chemical compound C[Li] DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCOCC KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 methylcyclopentadienyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910020437 K2PtCl6 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- IHLVCKWPAMTVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;carbanide Chemical compound [Li+].[CH3-] IHLVCKWPAMTVTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 15
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 9
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromoethane Chemical compound BrCCBr PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical class O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triiodomethane Natural products IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IBYHHJPAARCAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-chloroethane Chemical compound ClCCBr IBYHHJPAARCAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- AXTNEYPUUFCBII-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;5-methylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Na+].C[C-]1C=CC=C1 AXTNEYPUUFCBII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JTLAIKFGRHDNQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-fluoroethane Chemical compound FCCBr JTLAIKFGRHDNQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FBSNEJXXSJHKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=C(C(C=C1)([Pt]C)C)C Chemical compound CC1=C(C(C=C1)([Pt]C)C)C FBSNEJXXSJHKHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNTUFNKTGRGZBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M C[Pt](C)(C)Br Chemical compound C[Pt](C)(C)Br RNTUFNKTGRGZBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910018963 Pt(O) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VXWPONVCMVLXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;iodide Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[I-] VXWPONVCMVLXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+) Chemical compound [Pt+2] HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0086—Platinum compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide.
- Pt(MeCp)Mes The latter complex has several applications including as a siloxane curing catalyst and a source of platinum in chemical vapor deposition.
- SA aprotic polar solvent
- SE an ether compound
- SH halogenated hydrocarbon compound
- the examples are carried out using a mixed solvent of CH2CI2 and diethyl ether.
- a disadvantage of this method is the requirement to use a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent.
- the present inventors have surprisingly found that modifying the procedure reported in Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, vol 30, 481-489 (1992) and US 6809212 B2 by quenching using iodine (I2) solves the above mentioned problems.
- the iodine reacts with the intermediate formed between K2PtCle and MeLi to produce [PtMesIk directly without the need for a subsequent step of treating the residue with potassium iodide.
- the invention relates to a process for the manufacture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide comprising the steps of:
- step (iii) quenching the mixture from step (ii) with a source of iodine (I2); (iv) acidifying the mixture from step (iii) with an aqueous solution to provide a crude mixture containing (trimethyl)platinum iodide.
- Figure 1 is the 1 H NMR spectrum (CDC ) of the [PtMesIk product prepared in Example 4.
- the process requires the addition of > 3 molar equivalents of MeLi relative to the equivalents of K2PtCle. It is preferred that > 6 molar equivalents of MeLi are added to ensure complete conversion of the K2PtCle. Typically the process uses 6 to 10 molar equivalents of MeLi in step (i), and in a preferred embodiment 7 to 9 equivalents of MeLi are added, most preferably 8 molar equivalents of MeLi are added.
- the K2PtCle may be dispersed in any suitable organic solvent.
- Preferred solvents are organic solvents containing an ether unit.
- a preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- the MeLi may be dissolved in any suitable organic solvent.
- Preferred solvents are organic solvents containing an ether unit, such as diethyl ether (Et20) or diethoxymethane (DEM). DEM is preferred over Et20 because the former has a higher boiling point, and is safer to use at scale.
- the temperature of the mixture is maintained between 0 to 20 °C during the addition of MeLi, preferably between 0 to 15 °C, preferably between 2.5 to 15 °C.
- step (ii) the MeLi and ⁇ PtCh are allowed to react.
- Step (ii) is preferably carried out while maintaining the temperature of the mixture at 0 to 15 °C, preferably at 2.5 to 15 °C, such as 5 to 15 °C.
- a duration of 60 to 180 minutes is normally suitable, with a duration of 120 minutes being preferred.
- the mixture from step (ii) is quenched with a source of iodine (I2).
- the source of iodine is preferably a dispersion of I2 in an organic solvent, preferably a solution of I2 in THF.
- Step (iii) is preferably carried out while maintaining the temperature of the reaction at 5 to 15 °C, typically around 7.5 °C.
- the mixture is acidified (step (iv)) by addition of an aqueous solution, preferably a HCI/NaCI brine solution.
- an aqueous solution preferably a HCI/NaCI brine solution.
- Lithium salts can be removed by washing the organics with aqueous solution as will be known to those skilled in the art.
- the crude (trimethyl)platinum iodide product may be purified by any means known to those skilled in the art.
- a preferred procedure involves distilling the mixture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide in organic solvent until the residue has reached approximately 10% of its original volume. Precipitation of the product can be achieved by the addition of acetone. The solid can be isolated by filtration. Typical yields are 70-85%.
- the process may include a subsequent step of converting the (trimethyl)platinum iodide into another platinum complex by substituting the iodide ligand with an organic ligand.
- the process includes a step of substituting the iodide ligand with a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand, for example by treatment with a salt of the desired substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand.
- the (trimethyl)platinum iodide may be converted to (Pt(MeCp)Mes) by techniques described elsewhere in the literature e.g. by reaction with methylcyclopentadienyl sodium.
- a slurry of potassium hexachloroplatinate (K ⁇ PtCle) and anhydrous THF was cooled to 10 °C with stirring.
- a solution of MeLi (8 equivalents relative to K ⁇ PtCle) in diethoxymethane (DEM) was added to the I ⁇ PtCle/THF slurry over a period of ⁇ 100 mins while maintaining the temperature at 7.5 to 10.5 °C.
- EDM diethoxymethane
- Example 3 K 2 PtCI 6 in THF, MeLi in DEM
- K ⁇ PtCle Potassium hexachloroplatinate
- a solution of MeLi (8 equivalents relative to K ⁇ PtCle) in diethoxymethane (DEM) was added to the I ⁇ PtCle/THF mixture over a period of ⁇ 100 mins while maintaining the temperature at 5.0 to 8.0 °C. Once addition was complete stirring was maintained for - 120 mins.
- reaction mixture was cooled to 2 °C and a solution of I2 (3.4 equivalents relative to K ⁇ PtCle) in THF was added over a period of - 60 mins while maintaining the temperature at 2.0 to 5.0 °C.
- the mixture was stirred at 2 °C for ⁇ 16 hours.
- the mixture was acidified by addition of a HCI/NaCI brine solution over a period of - 50 mins while maintaining a temperature of 5 to 8 °C.
- the reaction temperature was increased to 20 °C and lithium salts were removed by washing the organics with water followed by two washes with brine.
- Potassium hexachloroplatinate (K ⁇ PtCle) was transferred into a flexible isolator and slurried in anhydrous THF.
- the slurry was transferred from the flexible isolator into a 30 L reactor which had been previously degassed.
- the slurry was cooled to 10 °C with agitation.
- a solution of MeLi (8 equivalents relative to K ⁇ PtCh) in diethoxymethane (DEM) was transferred into the slurry over a period of 100 to 120 minutes while maintaining a temperature between 7.5 to
- the organic solution was then distilled until -10% of the starting volume remained, at this volume solid formation was observed. Approximately 1.75 times the volume of acetone was used relative to the residual distillation volume. The solid was isolated over a fritted adapter with a medium Frit. Any bypass seen in the mother liquor was recycled over the frit until all solid had been collected. The solid was washed with -1.25 times the residual distillation volume, spread across three aliquots, to aid in removing impurities and color in the product. If color in the rinse liquors were still present, an optional 1.25 times the residual distillation volume of acetone was available to remove any additional color.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide by the reaction between potassium hexachloroplatinate (K2PtCl6) and methyllithium (MeLi) followed by quenching with iodine (I2).
Description
Process for manufacturing (trimethyl)platinum iodide
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide.
Background art
The complex (trimethyl)platinum iodide [PtMesIk also known as iodo(trimethyl)platinum, is used as an intermediate is the synthesis of (trimethyl)methylcyclopentadienyl platinum (Pt(MeCp)Mes). The latter complex has several applications including as a siloxane curing catalyst and a source of platinum in chemical vapor deposition. Several routes to [PtMesIk have been described previously.
The article “Improved Isolation Procedure for the Preparation of iodo(trimethyl)platinum (IV)” (Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 14, No.8, 1975, p2020) describes the production of [PtMesIk in SO- 81 % yield from potassium chloroplatinate (K^PtCfe) and methylmagnesium iodide (MeMgl). While this procedure may be possible on a small scale, MeMgl is prohibitively expensive to use at scale.
The article “195pt NMR Study of (>75-Cyclopentadienyl)trialkylplatinum(IV) Complexes” (Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, vol 30, 481-489 (1992)) describes the production of [PtMesl]4 from K2PtCle and methyllithium (MeLi). The mixture is guenched by the addition of 1 ,2-dibromoethane, presumably forming bromo(trimethyl)platinum (IV) in situ, which is then treated with a saturated solution of potassium iodide in hydrochloric acid in order to substitute iodine into the intermediate complex . The reported yield is 89%. This reference also describes the preparation of Pt(MeCp)Mes by treating [PtMesIk with methylcyclopentadienyl sodium. The same procedure is used in Example 1 of US 6809212 B2 (Praxair Technology, Inc) to prepare [PtMesl]4 with a reported yield of 80%. The downsides of this procedure are that (i) 1 ,2- dibromoethane is toxic and hazardous to use at scale; (ii) the use of 1 ,2-dibromoethane results in the release of ethylene gas which is hazardous, and (iii) the reguirement to exchange bromide for iodide in a separate step also adds complexity to the process.
WO2021/186087A1 (Umicore AG & Co. KG) describes a process for producing (trimethyl)platinum iodide by reacting together a platinum (II) or platinum (IV) compound, at least one methyl Grignard compound of formula MeMgX where X = Cl, Br or I, and
iodomethane, with the molar ratio of Pt : MeMgX : iodomethane being between 1 : 4 : 4 and 1 : 6 : 6. The reaction is carried out in an aprotic polar solvent “SA” comprising an ether compound “SE” and a halogenated hydrocarbon compound “SH”. The examples are carried out using a mixed solvent of CH2CI2 and diethyl ether. A disadvantage of this method is the requirement to use a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent.
There is a need for an alternative process for producing [PtMesIk which does not involve 1 ,2- dibromoethane, does not require the use of a halogenated solvent, and which is straightforward to implement at scale. The present invention addresses this problem.
Summary of the invention
US 6 809 212 B2 suggests that a variety of quenchers which can be used to quench the MeLi used in the reaction, namely: alkyl halides, ketones, alcohols, water, mineral acids, organic acids, carboxylic acids. Specific examples of quenchers are 1-bromo-2-chloroethane, 1- bromo-2-fluoroethane, iodomethane and 1 ,2-dibromoethane. Despite this statement, the present inventors found that when using oxygen-containing quenching agents the platinum was typically reduced to Pt(O) and resulted in a complex sludge-like mixture.
The present inventors have surprisingly found that modifying the procedure reported in Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, vol 30, 481-489 (1992) and US 6809212 B2 by quenching using iodine (I2) solves the above mentioned problems. The iodine reacts with the intermediate formed between K2PtCle and MeLi to produce [PtMesIk directly without the need for a subsequent step of treating the residue with potassium iodide.
Several existing syntheses of the complex (trimethyl)platinum iodide have reported a yellowcoloured solid, which yellow colour has been attributed to iodine impurities (see WO2021/186087 and references cited therein). It is therefore surprising that it is possible to produce a clean product despite using I2 to quench the reaction.
In a first aspect the invention relates to a process for the manufacture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide comprising the steps of:
(i) adding a dispersion containing > 3 molar equivalents of methyllithium (MeLi) in an organic solvent to a dispersion of potassium hexachloroplatinate (K^PtCh) in an organic solvent;
(ii) allowing the K2PtCle and MeLi to react;
(iii) quenching the mixture from step (ii) with a source of iodine (I2);
(iv) acidifying the mixture from step (iii) with an aqueous solution to provide a crude mixture containing (trimethyl)platinum iodide.
The term “dispersion” encompasses slurries and solutions, unless stated otherwise.
This process gives good yields of product (70-85%) and avoids the use of toxic 1 ,2- dibromoethane.
Description of the Figures
Figure 1 is the 1H NMR spectrum (CDC ) of the [PtMesIk product prepared in Example 4.
Detailed description
The process requires the addition of > 3 molar equivalents of MeLi relative to the equivalents of K2PtCle. It is preferred that > 6 molar equivalents of MeLi are added to ensure complete conversion of the K2PtCle. Typically the process uses 6 to 10 molar equivalents of MeLi in step (i), and in a preferred embodiment 7 to 9 equivalents of MeLi are added, most preferably 8 molar equivalents of MeLi are added.
The K2PtCle may be dispersed in any suitable organic solvent. Preferred solvents are organic solvents containing an ether unit. A preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran (THF).
The MeLi may be dissolved in any suitable organic solvent. Preferred solvents are organic solvents containing an ether unit, such as diethyl ether (Et20) or diethoxymethane (DEM). DEM is preferred over Et20 because the former has a higher boiling point, and is safer to use at scale.
It is preferred that the temperature of the mixture is maintained between 0 to 20 °C during the addition of MeLi, preferably between 0 to 15 °C, preferably between 2.5 to 15 °C.
In step (ii) the MeLi and ^PtCh are allowed to react. Step (ii) is preferably carried out while maintaining the temperature of the mixture at 0 to 15 °C, preferably at 2.5 to 15 °C, such as 5 to 15 °C. A duration of 60 to 180 minutes is normally suitable, with a duration of 120 minutes being preferred.
In step (iii) the mixture from step (ii) is quenched with a source of iodine (I2). The source of iodine is preferably a dispersion of I2 in an organic solvent, preferably a solution of I2 in THF. It is preferred that at least 3 molar equivalents of I2 are added relative to the amount of K2PtCle, preferably 3 to 5 equivalents, typically 3 to 4 equivalents. In a preferred embodiment approximately 3.5 equivalents are added. Step (iii) is preferably carried out while maintaining the temperature of the reaction at 5 to 15 °C, typically around 7.5 °C.
Once the reaction with I2 is complete the mixture is acidified (step (iv)) by addition of an aqueous solution, preferably a HCI/NaCI brine solution.
Lithium salts can be removed by washing the organics with aqueous solution as will be known to those skilled in the art.
The crude (trimethyl)platinum iodide product may be purified by any means known to those skilled in the art. A preferred procedure involves distilling the mixture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide in organic solvent until the residue has reached approximately 10% of its original volume. Precipitation of the product can be achieved by the addition of acetone. The solid can be isolated by filtration. Typical yields are 70-85%.
The process may include a subsequent step of converting the (trimethyl)platinum iodide into another platinum complex by substituting the iodide ligand with an organic ligand. In a preferred embodiment the process includes a step of substituting the iodide ligand with a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand, for example by treatment with a salt of the desired substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand. The (trimethyl)platinum iodide may be converted to (Pt(MeCp)Mes) by techniques described elsewhere in the literature e.g. by reaction with methylcyclopentadienyl sodium.
Examples
Example 1 (K2PtCI6 in THF, MeLi in DEM)
A slurry of potassium hexachloroplatinate (K^PtCle) and anhydrous THF was cooled to 10 °C with stirring. A solution of MeLi (8 equivalents relative to K^PtCle) in diethoxymethane (DEM) was added to the I^PtCle/THF slurry over a period of ~ 100 mins while maintaining the temperature at 7.5 to 10.5 °C. Once addition was complete stirring was maintained for ~ 120 mins. After this time a solution of I2 (3.4 equivalents relative to K^PtCle) in THF was added over a period of ~ 30 mins while maintaining the temperature at 7.5 to 10.5 °C. On completion
the mixture was stirred at 10 °C for - 60 mins. The mixture was acidified by addition of a HCI/NaCI brine solution over a period of ~ 15 mins while maintaining a temperature of 10 to 20 °C. Lithium salts were removed by washing the organics with water followed by two washes with brine.
The organic layer was distilled until the residual distillation volume was - 10% of the original volume, at which point solid formation was observed. Approximately 2.5 times the volume of acetone was added relative to the residual distillation volume. The solid was isolated over a fritted adapter with a medium frit. Any bypass seen in the mother liquor was recycled over the frit until all of the solid had been collected. The solid was washed with approximately 8 times the residual distillation volume, spread across three aliquots, to aid in removing impurities and colour in the product. The frit was then dried to constant weight to give an off-white coloured solid. The yield of [PtMesIk was 70-85%. The 1H NMR spectrum of the product in CDCh matched that shown in Figure 1. Elemental analysis PtCsHgl requires C, 9.82; H 2.47; found C, 10.14; H, 2.06.
Example 2 (K2PtCI6 in THF, MeLi in Et2O)
A slurry of potassium hexachloroplatinate (K^PtCfe) and anhydrous THF was cooled to 5 °C with stirring. A solution of MeLi (8 equivalents relative to K^PtCh) in diethylether (Et20) was added to the I^PtCle/THF slurry over a period of - 80 mins while maintaining the temperature at 5.0 to 8.0 °C. Once addition was complete stirring was maintained for - 100 mins. After this time the reaction mixture was cooled to 2 °C and a solution of I2 (3.4 equivalents relative to K2PtCle) in THF was added over a period of - 60 mins while maintaining the temperature at 2.0 to 5.0 °C. On completion the mixture was stirred at 2 °C for - 16 hours. The mixture was acidified by addition of a HCI/NaCI brine solution over a period of - 15 mins while maintaining a temperature of 10 to 20 °C. Lithium salts were removed by washing the organics with water followed by two washes with brine.
The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The isolated solid was washed with 50 mL acetone to remove impurities and colour in the product, filtered, and the frit was then dried to constant weight to give an off- white coloured solid. The yield of [PtMesIk was 76%. The 1H NMR spectrum of the product in CDCh matched that shown in Figure 1.
Example 3 (K2PtCI6 in THF, MeLi in DEM)
Potassium hexachloroplatinate (K^PtCle) was dissolved in anhydrous THF and the slurry was cooled to 5 °C with stirring. A solution of MeLi (8 equivalents relative to K^PtCle) in diethoxymethane (DEM) was added to the I^PtCle/THF mixture over a period of ~ 100 mins while maintaining the temperature at 5.0 to 8.0 °C. Once addition was complete stirring was maintained for - 120 mins. After this time the reaction mixture was cooled to 2 °C and a solution of I2 (3.4 equivalents relative to K^PtCle) in THF was added over a period of - 60 mins while maintaining the temperature at 2.0 to 5.0 °C. On completion the mixture was stirred at 2 °C for ~ 16 hours. The mixture was acidified by addition of a HCI/NaCI brine solution over a period of - 50 mins while maintaining a temperature of 5 to 8 °C. Following this, the reaction temperature was increased to 20 °C and lithium salts were removed by washing the organics with water followed by two washes with brine.
The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The isolated solid was washed with 150 mL acetone to remove impurities and colour in the product, filtered, and the frit was then dried to constant weight to give an off- white coloured solid. The yield of [PtMesIk was 83%. The 1H NMR spectrum of the product in CDC matched that shown in Figure 1.
Example 4 (K2PtCle in THF, MeLi in DEM - scaled procedure)
Potassium hexachloroplatinate (K^PtCle) was transferred into a flexible isolator and slurried in anhydrous THF. The slurry was transferred from the flexible isolator into a 30 L reactor which had been previously degassed. The slurry was cooled to 10 °C with agitation. A solution of MeLi (8 equivalents relative to K^PtCh) in diethoxymethane (DEM) was transferred into the slurry over a period of 100 to 120 minutes while maintaining a temperature between 7.5 to
12.5 °C. Once the MeLi addition was completed the solution was allowed to agitate for -120 minutes. After this reaction period, a solution of I2 (3.2 equivalents relative to K^PtCh) in anhydrous THF was added over a period of 30-45 minutes while maintaining a temperature of
7.5 to 12.5 °C. Once the addition was completed the solution was allowed to agitate at 10°C for -60 minutes. The solution was acidified by adding HCI/NaCI brine solution over a period of -15 minutes while maintaining the solution temperature under 20 °C. Lithium salts were removed by washing the organics with water followed by two washes of brine solution.
The organic solution was then distilled until -10% of the starting volume remained, at this volume solid formation was observed. Approximately 1.75 times the volume of acetone was used relative to the residual distillation volume. The solid was isolated over a fritted adapter with a medium Frit. Any bypass seen in the mother liquor was recycled over the frit until all
solid had been collected. The solid was washed with -1.25 times the residual distillation volume, spread across three aliquots, to aid in removing impurities and color in the product. If color in the rinse liquors were still present, an optional 1.25 times the residual distillation volume of acetone was available to remove any additional color.
The frit was then dried to constant weight to give an off-white to white colored product. The yield of [PtMesIk was -75%. The 1H NMR spectrum of the product in CDC is show in Figure 1. Elemental Analysis of PtCsHgl requires C: 9.82; H: 2.47; found C: 10.08; H: 2.39.
Claims
1. A process for the manufacture of (trimethyl)platinum iodide comprising the steps of:
(i) adding a dispersion containing > 3 molar equivalents of methyllithium (MeLi) in an organic solvent to a dispersion of potassium hexachloroplatinate (K^PtCh) in an organic solvent;
(ii) allowing the K2PtCle and MeLi to react;
(iii) quenching the mixture from step (ii) with a source of iodine (I2);
(iv) acidifying the mixture from step (iii) with an aqueous solution to provide a crude mixture containing (trimethyl)platinum iodide.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein 6 to 10 molar equivalents of MeLi are added in step (i).
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the dispersion of K2PtCle in an organic solvent in step (i) is a slurry of K2PtCle in tetrahydrofuran.
4. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dispersion of MeLi in an organic solvent in step (i) is a solution of MeLi in diethoxymethane or a solution of MeLi in diethylether.
5. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein during step (i) the temperature is maintained at between 0 to 15 °C during the addition.
6. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein during step (ii) the temperature of the mixture is maintained at between 0 to 15 °C.
7. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the source of iodine is a solution of I2 in an organic solvent.
8. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the source of iodine is a solution of I2 in tetrahydrofuran.
9. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein 3 to 4 molar equivalents of I2 are added in step (iii).
8
10. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the process includes a step (v) of treating the crude (trimethyl)platinum iodide product with acetone and isolating (trimethyl)platinum iodide by filtration.
11. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 10, comprising a subsequent step of substituting the iodide ligand within the (trimethyl)platinum iodide with an organic ligand.
12. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 11 , comprising a subsequent step of substituting the iodide ligand within the (trimethyl)platinum iodide with a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand.
13. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 12, comprising a subsequent step of substituting the iodide ligand within the (trimethyl)platinum iodide with a methylcyclopentadienyl ligand.
9
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US202163285122P | 2021-12-02 | 2021-12-02 | |
US63/285,122 | 2021-12-02 | ||
GB2118062.5 | 2021-12-14 | ||
GBGB2118062.5A GB202118062D0 (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Process for manufacturing (trimethyl) platinum iodide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023099863A1 true WO2023099863A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
Family
ID=84367220
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2022/052943 WO2023099863A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 | 2022-11-21 | Process for manufacturing (trimethyl)platinum iodide |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
TW (1) | TW202330566A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2023099863A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040010158A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-15 | Meiere Scott Houston | Method for producing organometallic compounds |
WO2021186087A1 (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2021-09-23 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Trimethylplatinum(iv) iodide |
-
2022
- 2022-11-17 TW TW111143887A patent/TW202330566A/en unknown
- 2022-11-21 WO PCT/GB2022/052943 patent/WO2023099863A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040010158A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-15 | Meiere Scott Houston | Method for producing organometallic compounds |
US6809212B2 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2004-10-26 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method for producing organometallic compounds |
WO2021186087A1 (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2021-09-23 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Trimethylplatinum(iv) iodide |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
"Improved Isolation Procedure for the Preparation of iodo(trimethyl)platinum (IV", INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 14, no. 8, 1975, pages 2020 |
"t NMR Study of (ηs-Cyclopentadienyl)trialkylplatinum(IV) Complexes", MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY, vol. 30, 1992, pages 481 - 489 |
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY, vol. 30, 1992, pages 481 - 489 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW202330566A (en) | 2023-08-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JPS62155230A (en) | Manufacture of (2,2)-paracyclophanes and derivatives | |
JPH022870B2 (en) | ||
Xu et al. | Organogermanium (IV) compounds in photo-induced radical reactions | |
JP5388040B2 (en) | Method for producing phosphine derivative from phosphine oxide derivative | |
Junggebauer et al. | An improved synthesis of a polymer-supported distannane and its application to radical formation | |
WO2023099863A1 (en) | Process for manufacturing (trimethyl)platinum iodide | |
Firouzabadi et al. | Methyltriphenylphosphonium tetrahydroborate (MePh3PBH4). A stable, selective and versatile reducing agent | |
EP0425930B1 (en) | Process for the preparation of symmetrical diarylacetylenes | |
JP7229434B1 (en) | Method for producing hydroxy thienoimidazole derivative, vinyl sulfide derivative, n-butylidene sulfide derivative, and saturated linear hydrocarbon-substituted thienoimidazole derivative | |
CN108383705B (en) | Preparation method of 3, 7-diethyl nonane-4, 6-diketone | |
DE2350194C2 (en) | Process for the preparation of 2-acetyl-5-methyl-4-hexenoic acid esters | |
JP3672969B2 (en) | Method for the synthesis of haloalkylferrocenes | |
US4313891A (en) | Process for synthesizing mixed alkoxy hydride derivatives of aluminium and alkaline earth metals | |
RU2240301C2 (en) | Method for preparing fluorinated compound of benzenedimethanol | |
JP2000053658A (en) | Production of tris(dibromopropyl) isocyanurate | |
WO2007035901A2 (en) | Bifunctional catalysts for isomerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons | |
JP2653138B2 (en) | Haloallylfuran carbinols and their preparation | |
WO2022174524A1 (en) | Method for synthesizing 3',5'-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone derivative | |
KR100653507B1 (en) | Preparation of benzyl alcohol derivatives as intermediates of agricultural chemicals | |
CN116143584A (en) | Method for reacting olefin with halohydrocarbon | |
EP1789387A1 (en) | Perfected process for the preparation of stable nitroxide radicals | |
JP4625741B2 (en) | Method for producing secondary phosphine-borane complex | |
CN116217625A (en) | CNC (computer numerical control) tridentate ruthenium complex as well as preparation method and application thereof | |
JPH02273630A (en) | Production of n-alkylbenzene | |
KR20060117315A (en) | Fluorinated pentacene derivatives and processes for producing these |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22814490 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |