WO2023098466A1 - 一种光模块和光模块los优化方法 - Google Patents

一种光模块和光模块los优化方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098466A1
WO2023098466A1 PCT/CN2022/131959 CN2022131959W WO2023098466A1 WO 2023098466 A1 WO2023098466 A1 WO 2023098466A1 CN 2022131959 W CN2022131959 W CN 2022131959W WO 2023098466 A1 WO2023098466 A1 WO 2023098466A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
threshold
los
optical
power
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PCT/CN2022/131959
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李福宾
朱晓勐
薛登山
Original Assignee
青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202111511278.1A external-priority patent/CN114142939B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111474837.6A external-priority patent/CN114172571B/zh
Application filed by 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司
Priority to CN202280078884.5A priority Critical patent/CN118302971A/zh
Publication of WO2023098466A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098466A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to an optical module and an optical module LOS optimization method.
  • optical communication technology the optical module is a tool to realize the mutual conversion of photoelectric signals, and is one of the key components in optical communication equipment.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure discloses an optical module, including:
  • Photodetectors for converting optical signals into electrical signals
  • the limiting amplifier is used to set the LOS signal pin to output high level or low level
  • APD boost circuit including:
  • the power supply interface is connected with the photodetector to supply power to the photodetector
  • Output interface outputting the power signal of the optical signal
  • MCUs including:
  • the detection pin is connected to the output interface to receive the power signal
  • the input pin is connected with the limiting amplifier for receiving high level or low level
  • the adjustment pin is connected with the control interface
  • the MCU is equipped with a power signal monitoring value; when the calculation determines that the power signal is less than the monitoring value, and the input pin receives a high level, the adjustment pin sends a signal to the control interface, and the output voltage of the power supply interface rises.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure discloses an optical module LOS optimization method, including: calculating the current optical power according to the power signal;
  • the current optical power is not less than the preset optical power threshold, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is not received, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the second output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is received, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage;
  • the second output voltage is higher than the first output voltage.
  • Fig. 1 is a connection diagram of an optical communication system according to some embodiments
  • Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an optical network terminal according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit board in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a light receiving component according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another light receiving component according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another light receiving component according to some embodiments.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality” means two or more.
  • the expressions “coupled” and “connected” and their derivatives may be used.
  • the term “connected” may be used in describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other.
  • the term “coupled” may be used when describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact.
  • the terms “coupled” or “communicatively coupled” may also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited by the context herein.
  • At least one of A, B and C has the same meaning as “at least one of A, B or C” and both include the following combinations of A, B and C: A only, B only, C only, A and B A combination of A and C, a combination of B and C, and a combination of A, B and C.
  • a and/or B includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.
  • optical communication technology In optical communication technology, light is used to carry information to be transmitted, and the optical signal carrying information is transmitted to information processing equipment such as a computer through optical fiber or optical waveguide and other information transmission equipment to complete the information transmission. Because optical signals have passive transmission characteristics when they are transmitted through optical fibers or optical waveguides, low-cost, low-loss information transmission can be achieved.
  • the signals transmitted by information transmission equipment such as optical fibers or optical waveguides are optical signals, while the signals that can be recognized and processed by information processing equipment such as computers are electrical signals. To establish an information connection between them, it is necessary to realize the mutual conversion of electrical signals and optical signals.
  • the optical module realizes the mutual conversion function of the above-mentioned optical signal and electrical signal in the technical field of optical fiber communication.
  • the optical module includes an optical port and an electrical port.
  • the optical module realizes optical communication with information transmission equipment such as optical fiber or optical waveguide through the optical port, and realizes the electrical connection with the optical network terminal (such as an optical modem) through the electrical port. It is mainly used to realize power supply, I2C signal transmission, data signal transmission and grounding, etc.; the optical network terminal transmits electrical signals to information processing equipment such as computers through network cables or wireless fidelity technology (Wi-Fi).
  • Wi-Fi wireless fidelity technology
  • Fig. 1 is a connection diagram of an optical communication system according to some embodiments.
  • the optical communication system mainly includes a remote server 1000, a local information processing device 2000, an optical network terminal 100, an optical module 200, an optical fiber 101 and a network cable 103;
  • optical fiber 101 One end of the optical fiber 101 is connected to the remote server 1000 , and the other end is connected to the optical network terminal 100 through the optical module 200 .
  • Optical fiber itself can support long-distance signal transmission, such as signal transmission of several kilometers (6 kilometers to 8 kilometers). On this basis, if repeaters are used, ultra-long-distance transmission can theoretically be achieved. Therefore, in a common optical communication system, the distance between the remote server 1000 and the optical network terminal 100 can usually reach thousands of kilometers, tens of kilometers or hundreds of kilometers.
  • the local information processing device 2000 may be any one or more of the following devices: routers, switches, computers, mobile phones, tablet computers, televisions, and so on.
  • the physical distance between the remote server 1000 and the optical network terminal 100 is greater than the physical distance between the local information processing device 2000 and the optical network terminal 100 .
  • the connection between the local information processing device 2000 and the remote server 1000 is completed by the optical fiber 101 and the network cable 103 ; and the connection between the optical fiber 101 and the network cable 103 is completed by the optical module 200 and the optical network terminal 100 .
  • the optical module 200 includes an optical port and an electrical port.
  • the optical port is configured to be connected to the optical fiber 101, so that the optical module 200 establishes a bidirectional optical signal connection with the optical fiber 101; electrical signal connection.
  • the optical module 200 implements mutual conversion between optical signals and electrical signals, so that a connection is established between the optical fiber 101 and the optical network terminal 100 .
  • the optical signal from the optical fiber 101 is converted into an electrical signal by the optical module 200 and then input to the optical network terminal 100
  • the electrical signal from the optical network terminal 100 is converted into an optical signal by the optical module 200 and input to the optical fiber 101 .
  • the optical network terminal 100 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped housing (housing), and an optical module interface 102 and a network cable interface 104 disposed on the housing.
  • the optical module interface 102 is configured to access the optical module 200, so that the optical network terminal 100 and the optical module 200 establish a bidirectional electrical signal connection;
  • the network cable interface 104 is configured to access the network cable 103, so that the optical network terminal 100 and the network cable 103 A two-way electrical signal connection is established.
  • a connection is established between the optical module 200 and the network cable 103 through the optical network terminal 100 .
  • the optical network terminal 100 transmits the electrical signal from the optical module 200 to the network cable 103, and transmits the signal from the network cable 103 to the optical module 200. Therefore, the optical network terminal 100, as the host computer of the optical module 200, can monitor the optical module 200 work.
  • the host computer of the optical module 200 may also include an OLT (Optical Line Terminal, optical line terminal) and the like.
  • the remote server 1000 establishes a two-way signal transmission channel with the local information processing device 2000 through the optical fiber 101 , the optical module 200 , the optical network terminal 100 and the network cable 103 .
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an optical network terminal according to some embodiments.
  • the optical network terminal 100 further includes a PCB circuit board 105 disposed in the casing, a cage 106 disposed on the surface of the PCB circuit board 105 , and an electrical connector disposed inside the cage 106 .
  • the electrical connector is configured to be connected to the electrical port of the optical module 200; the heat sink 107 has fins and other raised parts that increase the heat dissipation area.
  • the optical module 200 is inserted into the cage 106 of the optical network terminal 100 , and the optical module 200 is fixed by the cage 106 .
  • the heat generated by the optical module 200 is conducted to the cage 106 and then diffused through the radiator 107 .
  • the electrical port of the optical module 200 is connected to the electrical connector inside the cage 106 , so that the optical module 200 establishes a bidirectional electrical signal connection with the optical network terminal 100 .
  • the optical port of the optical module 200 is connected to the optical fiber 101 , so that the optical module 200 and the optical fiber 101 establish a bidirectional electrical signal connection.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • the optical module 200 includes a housing, a circuit board 300 disposed in the housing, and optical transceiver components;
  • the casing includes an upper casing 201 and a lower casing 202.
  • the upper casing 201 is covered on the lower casing 202 to form the above casing with two openings 204 and 205; the outer contour of the casing is generally square.
  • the lower case 202 includes a bottom plate and two lower side plates located on both sides of the bottom plate and perpendicular to the bottom plate;
  • the two upper side plates are combined by two side walls and two side plates to realize that the upper case 201 is covered on the lower case 202 .
  • the direction of the line connecting the two openings 204 and 205 may be consistent with the length direction of the optical module 200 , or may not be consistent with the length direction of the optical module 200 .
  • the opening 204 is located at the end of the optical module 200 (the left end in FIG. 3 ), and the opening 205 is also located at the end of the optical module 200 (the right end in FIG. 3 ).
  • the opening 204 is located at the end of the optical module 200
  • the opening 205 is located at the side of the optical module 200 .
  • the opening 204 is an electrical port, and the golden finger of the circuit board 300 is stretched out from the electrical port 204, and is inserted into a host computer (such as the optical network terminal 100); the opening 205 is an optical port, configured to be connected to an external optical fiber 101, so that The optical fiber 101 is connected to the optical transceiver components inside the optical module 200 .
  • the combination of the upper case 201 and the lower case 202 is used to facilitate the installation of components such as the circuit board 300 and optical transceiver components into the case, and the upper case 201 and the lower case 202 can form packaging protection for these devices.
  • the upper case 201 and the lower case 202 can form packaging protection for these devices.
  • the upper shell 201 and the lower shell 202 are generally made of metal materials, which is beneficial to realize electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation.
  • the optical module 200 further includes an unlocking part 203 located on the outer wall of its housing, and the unlocking part 203 is configured to realize a fixed connection between the optical module 200 and the host computer, or release the connection between the optical module 200 and the host computer. fixed connection.
  • the unlocking component 203 is located on the outer walls of the two lower side panels 2022 of the lower housing 202 , and includes an engaging component matching a cage of the upper computer (eg, the cage 106 of the optical network terminal 100 ).
  • the optical module 200 is inserted into the cage of the host computer, the optical module 200 is fixed in the cage of the host computer by the engaging part of the unlocking part 203; when the unlocking part 203 is pulled, the engaging part of the unlocking part 203 moves accordingly, thereby changing
  • the connection relationship between the engaging part and the host computer is to release the engagement relationship between the optical module 200 and the host computer, so that the optical module 200 can be pulled out from the cage of the host computer.
  • the circuit board 300 includes circuit traces, electronic components and chips, through which the electronic components and chips are connected together according to the circuit design, so as to realize functions such as power supply, electrical signal transmission and grounding.
  • the electronic components may include, for example, capacitors, resistors, triodes, and MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor).
  • the chip can include MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit), limiting amplifier (limiting amplifier), CDR (Clock and Data Recovery, clock data recovery chip), power management chip, DSP (Digital Signal Processing, digital signal processing) chip .
  • the circuit board 300 is generally a rigid circuit board. Due to its relatively hard material, the rigid circuit board can also realize the bearing function, such as the rigid circuit board can carry the chip stably; the rigid circuit board can also be inserted into the electrical connector in the cage of the upper computer .
  • the circuit board 300 also includes a gold finger 301 formed on the surface of its end, and the gold finger 301 is composed of a plurality of independent pins.
  • the circuit board 300 is inserted into the cage 106 , and is conductively connected with the electrical connector in the cage 106 by the gold finger 301 .
  • Gold fingers 301 can be set on only one side of the circuit board 300 (such as the upper surface shown in FIG. 4 ), or can be set on the upper and lower sides of the circuit board 300, so as to meet the occasions where the number of pins is large.
  • the golden finger 301 is configured to establish an electrical connection with a host computer to realize power supply, grounding, I2C signal transmission, data signal transmission, and the like.
  • flexible circuit boards are also used in some optical modules. Flexible circuit boards are generally used in conjunction with rigid circuit boards as a supplement to rigid circuit boards.
  • the optical transceiver part includes a light emitting part and a light receiving part.
  • the optical module for long-distance transmission has high requirements on the sensitivity index of the optical receiving part, so that the optical receiving part needs to work in a very small range of received optical power, and at the same time, the LOS threshold also needs to be set very small, and the LOSD must be guaranteed There is some hysteresis with LOSA.
  • the present disclosure is proposed.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit board in an optical module according to some embodiments.
  • the circuit board 300 further includes an MCU 301 .
  • the MCU301 is connected with the photodetector and the limiting amplifier for monitoring the optical power of the photodetector and the LOS (Loss of Signal, loss of signal) signal of the limiting amplifier, and the operating voltage of the photodetector Make adjustments.
  • the LOS signal may be called an alarm signal, which refers to an LOS alarm signal that occurs when the receiving end of the communication system cannot receive the signal transmitted from the sending end.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a light receiving component according to some embodiments.
  • the light receiving component includes: a light detector, which converts the received light signal into an electrical signal.
  • APD Anavalanche Photo Diode, avalanche photodiode
  • the second terminal of the APD boost circuit is connected to the first terminal of the MCU, and is used to output the power signal of the received optical signal to the MCU.
  • the second terminal of the MCU is connected to the third terminal of the APD boost circuit, and outputs a control signal to the APD boost circuit to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit.
  • the optical detector is also connected with a limited amplifier for amplifying the optical signal output by the optical detector, and outputting the amplified electrical signal to the host computer.
  • the limiting amplifier is also connected with the MCU.
  • the third end of the MCU is connected with the limiting amplifier to receive the LOS signal.
  • the limiting amplifier is used to set the LOS signal pin to output high level or low level.
  • the limiting amplifier is provided with a signal input terminal, is connected with the photodetector, and receives the electric signal output by the photodetector.
  • the limiting amplifier is equipped with a LOS threshold; when the operation judges that the electrical signal is smaller than the LOS threshold, it outputs a high level. Otherwise, output low level.
  • the LOS signal pin of the limiting amplifier outputs a high level, which is the LOS signal.
  • the MCU has built-in registers, and monitors values in the registers.
  • the MCU adjusts the control signal output to the APD boost circuit according to the power signal, and controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the APD pin of the photodetector, and is used to provide the APD photodiode with a reverse working high voltage.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is a power supply interface
  • the second end is an output interface
  • the third end is a control interface.
  • the first end of the MCU is a detection pin
  • the second end is an adjustment pin
  • the third end is an input pin.
  • the APD boost circuit is provided with a current mirror circuit, which outputs the current flowing into the photodetector to the MCU in a certain proportion, so as to monitor the photocurrent detected by the photodetector, form a power signal and send it to the MCU.
  • the second terminal of the MCU is connected to the third terminal of the APD boost circuit, and outputs a control signal to the APD boost circuit to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit.
  • the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to increase a certain preset voltage value.
  • the output voltage of the APD booster circuit increases, and the amplitude of the output of the photodetector increases, which increases the differential output amplitude of the photodetector and optimizes the LOS performance.
  • the monitoring value can be set according to the comparison between the power signal and the optical power.
  • the optical power corresponding to the monitoring value is greater than the value of the minimum optical power that can be detected by the optical detector.
  • the MCU is configured to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to increase if the power signal is smaller than the monitoring value and no LOS signal is received.
  • the output voltage of the APD boost circuit increases, and the minimum value of the detected optical power of the photodetector becomes smaller than before the boost, which increases the differential output amplitude of the photodetector, optimizes the LOS performance, and realizes the optimization of the LOS function of the light receiving part.
  • the MCU After the MCU receives the LOS signal, it will control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to restore the original output. That is, when the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the monitoring value and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the second output voltage; after the MCU receives the LOS signal, it outputs the first control signal signal to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the first output voltage.
  • the difference between the first output voltage and the second output voltage of the APD boost circuit is the preset voltage value.
  • the LOS threshold is set in the limiting amplifier to determine whether to output the LOS signal.
  • the limiting amplifier outputs the LOS signal.
  • the MCU monitors the magnitude of the received optical power through the power signal, and when the optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the high voltage output by the APD boost circuit is increased by a predetermined value. Set the voltage setting value, so that the optical power value corresponding to the LOSA value will decrease (compared with when the preset voltage setting value is not increased).
  • the MCU will return the APD output voltage to the normal value (that is, no longer increase the preset voltage setting value), and the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value. Large, so that the value of LOSH is enlarged.
  • the optical power received by the optical detector gradually decays to a small light level.
  • the LOS signal voltage jumps from a low level to a high level, it is a LOS signal, and its corresponding optical power is LOSA; the optical power received by the optical detector is The optical power is gradually increased to maximum light.
  • the LOS signal voltage jumps from a high level to a low level, the LOS signal is released, and the corresponding optical power is LOSD.
  • LOSD minus the value of LOSA is LOSH.
  • the optical power threshold and the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power can be preset in the register, and the MCU converts the size of the received current power signal into the current optical power according to the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power. power.
  • the MCU is configured to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to increase if the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and no LOS signal is received.
  • the output voltage of the APD boost circuit increases, and the minimum value of the detected light power of the photodetector becomes smaller than before the boost, which optimizes the LOS performance, increases the differential output amplitude of the photodetector, and realizes the optimization of the LOS function of the light receiving part. .
  • the register may be built inside the MCU, or may be set outside the MCU, which is not specifically limited.
  • the MCU After the MCU receives the LOS signal, it controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to restore the original output. That is, when the current optical power corresponding to the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the optical power threshold and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to the second output voltage; the MCU receives the LOS After receiving the signal, the first control signal is output to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the first output voltage. The difference between the first output voltage and the second output voltage of the APD boost circuit is the preset voltage value.
  • the MCU monitors the magnitude of the received optical power through the power signal, and when the optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the high voltage output by the APD boost circuit is increased by a predetermined value. Set the voltage setting value so that the optical power value corresponding to the LOSA value will decrease.
  • the MCU returns the APD output voltage to the normal value. At this time, the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value, which improves the sensitivity of the light receiving part.
  • the present disclosure also provides an optical module LOS optimization method, including:
  • the current optical power is not less than the preset optical power threshold, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is not received, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the second output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is received, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage.
  • the second output voltage is higher than the first output voltage.
  • the optical module LOS optimization method provided by the present disclosure includes: the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the second output voltage; the current optical power is not less than the preset The optical power threshold is set, or the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and the LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the first output voltage; wherein the second output voltage is higher than the first output voltage.
  • the MCU monitors the size of the received optical power through the power signal.
  • the high voltage output by the APD booster circuit is increased by the preset voltage value.
  • the high voltage output by the APD booster circuit is the second output voltage, so that the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will decrease.
  • the MCU returns the voltage output by the APD to the normal value. At this time, the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value, which increases the differential output amplitude of the photodetector. , to optimize LOS performance.
  • the optical module LOS optimization method is applicable to the light receiving component.
  • the light receiving component includes: a light detector, which converts the received light signal into an electrical signal.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the photodetector to provide the photodetector with a reverse working voltage.
  • the second end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the first end of the MCU, and is used for outputting a power signal to the MCU to monitor the optical power.
  • the second terminal of the MCU is connected to the third terminal of the APD boost circuit, and outputs a control signal to the APD boost circuit to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit.
  • the optical detector is also connected to a limiting amplifier for amplifying the optical signal output by the optical detector, and the limiting amplifier outputs the amplified electrical signal to the host computer.
  • the limiting amplifier is also connected with the MCU.
  • the third end of the MCU is connected with the limiting amplifier to receive the LOS signal.
  • the MCU is configured to: receive the power signal of the optical detector, the power signal of the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is not received, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the second output voltage;
  • the current optical power is not less than the preset optical power threshold, or, the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and the LOS signal is received, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage; wherein, the second output voltage is higher than first output voltage.
  • the MCU can judge the current optical power by comparing the received power signal with the monitoring value. Whether the power signal is less than the preset optical power threshold. If the power signal is less than the monitoring value, it is determined that the power signal of the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold. Monitor value in the register. The MCU adjusts the control signal output to the APD boost circuit according to the power signal, and controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the APD pin of the photodetector, and is used to provide a reverse working high voltage for the APD photodiode.
  • the second terminal of the MCU is connected to the third terminal of the APD boost circuit, and outputs a control signal to the APD boost circuit to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit.
  • the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to increase a certain preset voltage value. According to the working principle of the photodetector, the output voltage of the APD booster circuit increases, the output amplitude of the photodetector increases, and the sensitivity of the photodetector is increased.
  • the monitoring value can be set according to the comparison between the power signal and the optical power.
  • the optical power corresponding to the monitoring value is greater than the optical power value corresponding to the LOSA at the first output voltage.
  • the MCU is configured to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to increase if the power signal is smaller than the monitoring value and no LOS signal is received.
  • the output voltage of the APD boost circuit increases, and the minimum value of the detected light power of the photodetector becomes smaller than before the boost, which optimizes the LOS performance, increases the differential output amplitude of the photodetector, and realizes the optimization of the LOS function of the light receiving part. .
  • the MCU will control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to restore the original output after receiving the LOS signal. That is, when the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the monitoring value and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the second output voltage; after the MCU receives the LOS signal, it outputs the first control signal signal to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the first output voltage.
  • the difference between the first output voltage and the second output voltage of the APD boost circuit is the preset voltage value.
  • the LOS threshold is set in the limiting amplifier to determine whether to output the LOS signal.
  • the limiting amplifier when the output voltage of the photodetector is lower than the LOS threshold, the limiting amplifier outputs the LOS signal.
  • the LOS threshold includes a LOSA threshold and a LOSD threshold. When the output voltage of the photodetector is lower than the LOSA threshold, the limiting amplifier outputs the LOS signal; when the output voltage of the photodetector is greater than the LOSD threshold, the limiting amplifier releases the LOS signal.
  • the MCU monitors the size of the received optical power through the power signal, and when the optical power is less than a fixed value and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the high voltage output by the APD booster circuit is increased by the preset voltage fixed value, so that the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will decrease (compared with when the preset voltage setting value is not increased).
  • the MCU will return the APD output voltage to the normal value (that is, no longer increase the preset voltage setting value), and the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value. Large, so that the value of LOSH is enlarged.
  • the optical power threshold and the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power can be preset in the register, and the MCU converts the size of the received current power signal into the current optical power according to the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power. power.
  • the MCU is configured to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to increase if the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and no LOS signal is received.
  • the output voltage of the APD booster circuit increases, and the minimum value of the detected optical power of the photodetector becomes smaller than that before the boost, which increases the differential output amplitude of the photodetector and realizes the optimization of the LOS function of the light receiving part.
  • the MCU After the MCU receives the LOS signal, it controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to restore the original output. That is, when the current optical power corresponding to the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the optical power threshold and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to the second output voltage; the MCU receives the LOS After receiving the signal, the first control signal is output to control the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the first output voltage. The difference between the first output voltage and the second output voltage of the APD boost circuit is the preset voltage value.
  • the MCU monitors the size of the received optical power through the power signal, and when the optical power is less than a fixed value and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the high voltage output by the APD booster circuit is increased by the preset voltage fixed value, so that the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will decrease.
  • the MCU returns the APD output voltage to the normal value. At this time, the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value, which increases the differential output of the photodetector. amplitude, to optimize LOS performance.
  • the optical module LOS optimization method provided by the present disclosure includes:
  • the LOS signal is collected, and the output voltage value of the APD boost circuit is selected according to the comparison result between the current optical power and the preset optical power threshold and the LOS signal.
  • the APD boost circuit if the current optical power is greater than or equal to a preset optical power threshold, the APD boost circuit outputs a first output voltage. If the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and no LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the second output voltage. If the LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the first output voltage. Wherein, the second output voltage is higher than the first output voltage. The MCU monitors the size of the received optical power through the power signal. When the optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the high voltage output by the APD booster circuit is increased by the preset voltage value.
  • the high voltage output by the APD booster circuit is the second output voltage, so that the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will decrease.
  • the MCU reports the LOS signal
  • the MCU returns the APD output voltage to the normal value.
  • the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value, which increases the differential output of the photodetector. amplitude, to optimize LOS performance.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another light receiving component according to some embodiments.
  • the light receiving component includes: a light detector, which converts the received light signal into an electrical signal.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the photodetector to provide the photodetector with a reverse working voltage.
  • the second end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the first end of the MCU, and is used to output a power signal to the MCU to monitor the optical power.
  • the optical detector is also connected with a limited amplifier for amplifying the optical signal output by the optical detector, and outputting the amplified electrical signal to the host computer.
  • the limiting amplifier is also connected with the MCU.
  • the fourth end of the MCU is connected with the limiting amplifier to receive the LOS signal.
  • the first terminal of the limiting amplifier is connected with the output terminal of the photodetector, and is used for receiving the electric signal of the photodetector and amplifying the electric signal.
  • the second terminal of the limiting amplifier is connected with the fourth terminal of the MCU, and is used for sending the LOS signal to the MCU.
  • the third end of the limiting amplifier is connected to the third end of the MCU for receiving a control signal from the MCU.
  • the MCU receives the LOS signal, and sends a control signal according to the LOS signal, which is used to adjust the LOS threshold value set in the limiting amplifier.
  • the MCU has a built-in register, and the optical power threshold is preset in the register.
  • the MCU adjusts the control signal output to the limiting amplifier according to the power signal, and adjusts the size of the LOS threshold.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the APD pin of the photodetector, and is used to provide a reverse working high voltage for the APD photodiode.
  • the APD boost circuit is provided with a current mirror circuit, which outputs the current flowing into the photodetector to the MCU in a certain proportion, so as to monitor the photocurrent detected by the photodetector, form a power signal and send it to the MCU. According to the magnitude of the power signal and the LOS signal, the MCU adjusts the LOS threshold set in the limiting amplifier.
  • the LOS threshold in the limiting amplifier adopts the DAC value, and the MCU outputs a control signal to adjust the size of the LOS threshold.
  • the control adjusts the LOS threshold value to become smaller.
  • the LOS threshold becomes smaller, and the corresponding optical power value triggering the LOS signal decreases, which increases the sensitivity of the photodetector.
  • the preset current threshold can be set according to the comparison between the power signal and the optical power. Usually the optical power corresponding to the current threshold is greater than the value of the minimum optical power that the photodetector can detect.
  • the LOS threshold is set in the limiting amplifier to determine whether to output the LOS signal.
  • the LOS threshold includes the LOSA threshold and the LOSD threshold. When the output voltage of the photodetector is less than the LOSA threshold, the limiting amplifier outputs the LOS signal; when the output voltage of the photodetector is greater than the LOSD threshold, the limiting amplifier releases the LOS signal. Signal.
  • the MCU is configured to control the LOS threshold of the limiting amplifier to decrease if the power signal is smaller than the current threshold and no LOS signal is received.
  • the LOSA threshold is reduced, the optical power corresponding to the trigger LOS signal becomes smaller than before the LOSA threshold is changed, so as to realize the optimization of the LOS function of the optical receiving part.
  • the MCU After the MCU receives the LOS signal, it controls the LOS threshold of the limiting amplifier to recover. That is, when the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the current threshold and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output, and the LOSA threshold is controlled to be the second LOSA threshold; after the MCU receives the LOS signal, the first control signal is output to control the LOSA threshold.
  • the threshold is the first LOSA threshold.
  • the first LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is greater than the second LOSA threshold.
  • the MCU monitors the size of the received optical power through the power signal, and when the optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced, In this way, the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will be reduced.
  • the MCU will return the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to the normal value. At this time, the value of LOSD obtained when the small light gradually increases is still as large as the initial value, so the value of LOSH is adjusted. stretched.
  • the optical power received by the optical detector gradually decays to a small light level.
  • the LOS signal voltage jumps from a low level to a high level, it is a LOS signal, and its corresponding optical power is LOSA; the optical power received by the optical detector is The optical power is gradually increased to maximum light.
  • the LOS signal voltage jumps from a high level to a low level, the LOS signal is released, and the corresponding optical power is LOSD.
  • LOSD minus the value of LOSA is LOSH.
  • the optical power threshold and the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power can be preset in the register, and the MCU converts the size of the received current power signal into the current optical power according to the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power. power.
  • the MCU is configured as follows: the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, then the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to decrease. The LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced, the minimum value of the detection light power of the photodetector becomes smaller than before the change, the sensitivity of the photodetector is improved, and the LOS function optimization of the light receiving part is realized.
  • the register may be built inside the MCU, or may be set outside the MCU, which is not specifically limited.
  • the MCU After the MCU receives the LOS signal, it controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to restore the original output. That is, when the current optical power corresponding to the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output to control the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the second LOSA threshold; the MCU receives the LOS output the first control signal to control the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the first LOSA threshold.
  • the optical power corresponding to the second LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is smaller than the optical power corresponding to the second LOSA threshold.
  • the MCU monitors the size of the received optical power through the power signal, and when the optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced by the preset fixed value, so that the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will decrease.
  • the MCU returns the APD output voltage to the normal value. At this time, the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value, thus optimizing the LOS performance of the optical module.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for optimizing the LOS of the optical module, including:
  • the current optical power is not less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to be the first LOSA threshold;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, and the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to be the second LOSA threshold;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is received, and the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to be the first LOSA threshold.
  • the optical power corresponding to the second LOSA threshold is lower than the optical power corresponding to the first LOSA threshold.
  • the optical module LOS optimization method includes: the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the second LOSA threshold; the current optical power is not less than the preset Set the optical power threshold, or, the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and the LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the second LOSA threshold; wherein, the optical power corresponding to the second LOSA threshold is lower than Optical power corresponding to the first LOSA threshold.
  • the MCU monitors the received optical power through the power signal.
  • the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced by the preset value, so that the LOSA The optical power value corresponding to the value will decrease.
  • the MCU will return the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to the normal value. At this time, the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value, thus optimizing the optical module. LOS performance.
  • the optical module LOS optimization method is applicable to the light receiving component.
  • the light receiving component includes: a light detector, which converts the received light signal into an electrical signal.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the photodetector to provide the photodetector with a reverse working voltage.
  • the second end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the first end of the MCU, and is used to output a power signal to the MCU to monitor the optical power.
  • the optical detector is also connected with a limited amplifier for amplifying the optical signal output by the optical detector, and outputting the amplified electrical signal to the host computer.
  • the limiting amplifier is also connected with the MCU.
  • the fourth end of the MCU is connected with the limiting amplifier to receive the LOS signal.
  • the first terminal of the limiting amplifier is connected with the output terminal of the photodetector, and is used for receiving the electric signal of the photodetector and amplifying the electric signal.
  • the second terminal of the limiting amplifier is connected with the fourth terminal of the MCU, and is used for sending the LOS signal to the MCU.
  • the third end of the limiting amplifier is connected to the third end of the MCU for receiving a control signal from the MCU.
  • the MCU receives the LOS signal, and sends a control signal according to the LOS signal, which is used to adjust the LOS threshold value set in the limiting amplifier.
  • the MCU is configured to: receive the power signal of the optical detector, the power signal of the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, and the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is the second LOSA threshold;
  • the current optical power is not less than the preset optical power threshold, or, the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and the LOS signal is received, the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is the first LOSA threshold; wherein, the second LOSA threshold is less than the first LOSA threshold a LOSA threshold threshold.
  • the MCU can compare the received power signal with the preset current threshold to determine whether the power signal of the current optical power is less than Preset optical power threshold. If the power signal is less than the preset current threshold, it is determined that the power signal of the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold.
  • the current threshold is preset in the register. The MCU adjusts the control signal output to the limiting amplifier according to the power signal, and controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier.
  • the first end of the APD boost circuit is connected to the APD pin of the photodetector, and is used to provide a reverse working high voltage for the APD photodiode.
  • the LOSA threshold of the control limiting amplifier is reduced by a preset value.
  • the preset current threshold can be set according to the comparison between the power signal and the optical power.
  • the optical power corresponding to the current threshold is greater than the optical power corresponding to the LOSA at the first output voltage.
  • the MCU is configured to control the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to decrease if the power signal is smaller than the current threshold and no LOS signal is received.
  • the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced, and the minimum value of the detection optical power of the photodetector becomes smaller than before the LOSA threshold changes, the sensitivity of the photodetector is improved, and the LOS function optimization of the light receiving part is realized.
  • the MCU After the MCU receives the LOS signal, it controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to restore the original output. That is, when the current optical power corresponding to the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output to control the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the second LOSA threshold; the MCU receives the LOS output the first control signal to control the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the first LOSA threshold.
  • the optical power corresponding to the second LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is smaller than the optical power corresponding to the second LOSA threshold.
  • the LOSA threshold is set in the limiting amplifier to determine whether to output the LOS signal.
  • the limiting amplifier when the output voltage of the photodetector is lower than the LOSA threshold, the limiting amplifier outputs the LOS signal.
  • the LOS threshold includes a LOSA threshold and a LOSD threshold. When the output voltage of the photodetector is lower than the LOSA threshold, the limiting amplifier outputs the LOS signal; when the output voltage of the photodetector is greater than the LOSD threshold, the limiting amplifier releases the LOS signal.
  • the MCU monitors the size of the received optical power through the power signal, and when the optical power is less than a fixed value and confirms that the limiting amplifier does not report the LOS signal, the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced by a preset value , so that the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will be reduced.
  • the MCU returns the voltage output by the APD to the normal value. At this time, the value of LOSD obtained when the light is gradually increased is still the same as the initial value, so that the value of LOSH is enlarged. .
  • This solution optimizes the software level on the basis of the existing and conventional hardware solutions, without adding any cost, but it can effectively improve the problem of too small LOSH. It can also flexibly configure the current threshold and preset value through the MCU according to your own needs. Or an appropriate value of the LOSA threshold to optimize the LOS performance of the optical module.
  • the optical power threshold and the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power can be preset in the register, and the MCU converts the size of the received current power signal into the current optical power according to the comparison table of the power signal and the optical power. power.
  • the MCU is configured as follows: the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, then the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to decrease. The LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced, and the minimum value of the detected optical power of the photodetector becomes smaller than before the change, which optimizes the LOS performance of the optical module and realizes the optimization of the LOS function of the light receiving part.
  • the MCU After the MCU receives the LOS signal, it controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to restore to the original. That is, when the current optical power corresponding to the power signal received by the MCU is lower than the optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is not received, the second control signal is output to control the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the second LOSA threshold; the MCU receives the LOS output the first control signal to control the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the first LOSA threshold.
  • the difference between the first LOSA threshold and the second LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is the preset value.
  • the MCU monitors the received optical power through the power signal, which can be a current signal.
  • the power signal can be a current signal.
  • the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced to Small preset value, so that the optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will decrease.
  • the MCU returns the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to the normal value. At this time, the LOSD value obtained when the small light is gradually increased is still the same as the initial value, thus optimizing the LOS performance of the optical module.
  • the optical module LOS optimization method provided by the present disclosure includes:
  • the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is the first threshold. If the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold and no LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the second LOSA threshold. If the LOS signal is received, the MCU controls the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the second LOSA threshold. Wherein, the first LOSA threshold is higher than the second LOSA threshold. The MCU monitors the received optical power through the power signal.
  • the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier is reduced by the preset value. At this time, The optical power value corresponding to the value of LOSA will decrease.
  • the MCU returns the LOSA threshold of the limiting amplifier to the normal value. At this time, the LOSD value obtained when the small light gradually increases is still the same as the initial value, thus optimizing the optical module LOS performance. .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another light receiving component according to some embodiments.
  • the light receiving part includes: a photodetector for converting a light signal into an electric signal.
  • the limiting amplifier is provided with a LOS signal pin for outputting a high level or a low level, and a limiter control terminal.
  • the APD step-up circuit includes: a control interface; a power supply interface connected with the photodetector to supply power to the photodetector; an output interface which outputs the power signal of the optical signal.
  • MCU including: detection pins, connected to the output interface to receive power signals; input pins, connected to the limiting amplifier, used to receive high or low levels; APD adjustment pins, connected to the control interface; limiter The adjustment pin is connected with the limit release adjustment terminal.
  • APD adjustment pin There is a power signal monitoring value inside the MCU; when the calculation determines that the power signal is less than the monitoring value, and the input pin receives a high level, the APD adjustment pin sends a signal to the control interface.
  • the output voltage of the power supply interface rises, and the discharge limit adjustment pin Send a control signal to the limiter to lower the LOS threshold.
  • the APD adjustment pin sends a signal to the control interface to increase the output voltage of the power supply interface
  • the discharge limit adjustment pin sends a control signal to the discharge limit adjustment terminal to reduce the LOS threshold adjustment process, which is consistent with the previous expression , which will not be introduced one by one here.
  • an optical module LOS optimization method including: calculating the current optical power according to the power signal;
  • the current optical power is not less than the preset optical power threshold, controlling the LOS threshold of the limiting amplifier to be the first LOSA threshold, or controlling the output voltage of the APD boost circuit to be the first output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, the LOS threshold of the control limiting amplifier is the second LOSA threshold, or the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the second output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is received, the LOS threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to be the first LOSA threshold, or the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage;
  • the first LOSA threshold is higher than the second LOSA threshold; the second output voltage is higher than the first output voltage.
  • an optical module LOS optimization method including: calculating the current optical power according to the power signal;
  • the current optical power is not less than the preset optical power threshold, the LOS threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to be the first LOSA threshold, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and no LOS signal is received, the LOS threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to be the second LOSA threshold, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the second output voltage;
  • the current optical power is less than the preset optical power threshold, and the LOS signal is received, the LOS threshold of the limiting amplifier is controlled to be the first LOSA threshold, and the output voltage of the APD boost circuit is controlled to be the first output voltage;
  • the first LOSA threshold is higher than the second LOSA threshold; the second output voltage is higher than the first output voltage.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种光模块和光模块LOS优化方法，包括：光探测器，用于将光信号转换为电信号。限幅放大器，设置LOS信号引脚，用于输出高电平或低电平；APD升压电路，包括：控制接口；供电接口，与光探测器连接；输出接口，输出光信号的功率信号。MCU，包括：检测管脚，与输出接口连接，接收功率信号；输入管脚，与限幅放大器连接，用于所述高电平或低电平；调节管脚，与控制接口连接，MCU内部设置有功率信号监控值；当运算判断出功率信号小于所述监控值，且输入管脚接收所述高电平，调节管脚向所述控制接口发出信号，供电接口的输出电压升高。本公开实施例中，通过MCU配置监控值和电压增大值的合适的值，优化光模块LOS性能。

Description

一种光模块和光模块LOS优化方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求在2021年12月03日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111474837.6、申请名称为“一种光模块和光模块LOS优化方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中；本公开要求在2021年12月03日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111511278.1、申请名称为“一种光模块和光模块LOS优化方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种光模块和光模块LOS优化方法。
背景技术
随着云计算、移动互联网、视频等新型业务和应用模式发展，光通信技术的发展进步变的愈加重要。而在光通信技术中，光模块是实现光电信号相互转换的工具，是光通信设备中的关键器件之一。
应用中有一类光模块速率不高，但要求传输距离很长。因为是长距离传输的原因，光接收端的灵敏度、LOSD(Loss of Signal Deassert，信号丢失告警解除)、LOSA(Loss of Signal Assert，信号丢失告警开启)和LOSH(Lossof Signal Hysteresis，光信号丢失滞回)等指标趋近极限。在接收光功率很小时，光探测器转化光信号而产生的电信号的幅度较小，存在一定的不良率，造成光模块的成本损失。
发明内容
本公开实施例公开了一种光模块，包括：
光探测器，用于将光信号转换为电信号；
限幅放大器，设置LOS信号引脚，用于输出高电平或低电平；
APD升压电路，包括：
控制接口；
供电接口，与光探测器连接，对光探测器供电；
输出接口，输出光信号的功率信号；
MCU，包括：
检测管脚，与输出接口连接，接收功率信号；
输入管脚，与限幅放大器连接，用于接收高电平或低电平；
调节管脚，与控制接口连接；
MCU内部设置有功率信号监控值；当运算判断出功率信号小于监控值， 且输入管脚接收高电平，调节管脚向控制接口发出信号，供电接口的输出电压升高。
本公开实施例公开了一种光模块LOS优化方法，包括：根据功率信号计算当前光功率；
当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且接收到LOS信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
其中，第二输出电压高于第一输出电压。
附图说明
下面将对本公开一些实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例的附图，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。此外，以下描述中的附图可以视作示意图，并非对本公开实施例所涉及的产品的实际尺寸、方法的实际流程、信号的实际时序等的限制。
图1为根据一些实施例的一种光通信系统的连接关系图；
图2为根据一些实施例的一种光网络终端的结构图；
图3为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的结构图；
图4为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的分解图；
图5为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中电路板的结构示意图；
图6为根据一些实施例的一种光接收部件示意图；
图7为根据一些实施例的另一种光接收部件示意图；
图8为根据一些实施例的另一种光接收部件示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本公开一些实施例中的实现方式进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开所提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非上下文另有要求，否则，在整个说明书和权利要求书中，术语“包括(comprise)”及其其他形式例如第三人称单数形式“包括(comprises)”和现在分词形式“包括(comprising)”被解释为开放、包含的意思，即为“包含，但不限于”。在说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例(one embodiment)”、“一些实施例(some embodiments)”、“示例性实施例(exemplary embodiments)”、“示例(example)”、“特定示例(specific example)”或“一 些示例(some examples)”等旨在表明与该实施例或示例相关的特定特征、结构、材料或特性包括在本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。上述术语的示意性表示不一定是指同一实施例或示例。此外，的特定特征、结构、材料或特点可以以任何适当方式包括在任何一个或多个实施例或示例中。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在描述一些实施例时，可能使用了“耦接”和“连接”及其衍伸的表达。例如，描述一些实施例时可能使用了术语“连接”以表明两个或两个以上部件彼此间有直接物理接触或电接触。又如，描述一些实施例时可能使用了术语“耦接”以表明两个或两个以上部件有直接物理接触或电接触。然而，术语“耦接”或“通信耦合(communicatively coupled)”也可能指两个或两个以上部件彼此间并无直接接触，但仍彼此协作或相互作用。这里所公开的实施例并不必然限制于本文内容。
“A、B和C中的至少一个”与“A、B或C中的至少一个”具有相同含义，均包括以下A、B和C的组合：仅A，仅B，仅C，A和B的组合，A和C的组合，B和C的组合，及A、B和C的组合。
“A和/或B”，包括以下三种组合：仅A，仅B，及A和B的组合。
本文中“适用于”或“被配置为”的使用意味着开放和包容性的语言，其不排除适用于或被配置为执行额外任务或步骤的设备。
如本文所使用的那样，“约”、“大致”或“近似”包括所阐述的值以及处于特定值的可接受偏差范围内的平均值，其中可接受偏差范围如由本领域普通技术人员考虑到正在讨论的测量以及与特定量的测量相关的误差(即，测量系统的局限性)所确定。
光通信技术中，使用光携带待传输的信息，并使携带有信息的光信号通过光纤或光波导等信息传输设备传输至计算机等信息处理设备，以完成信息的传输。由于光信号通过光纤或光波导中传输时具有无源传输特性，因此可以实现低成本、低损耗的信息传输。此外，光纤或光波导等信息传输设备传输的信号是光信号，而计算机等信息处理设备能够识别和处理的信号是电信号，因此为了在光纤或光波导等信息传输设备与计算机等信息处理设备之间建立信息连接，需要实现电信号与光信号的相互转换。
光模块在光纤通信技术领域中实现上述光信号与电信号的相互转换功能。光模块包括光口和电口，光模块通过光口实现与光纤或光波导等信息传输设备的光通信，通过电口实现与光网络终端(例如，光猫)之间的电连接，电连接主要用于实现供电、I2C信号传输、数据信号传输以及接地等；光网络终端通过网线或无线保真技术(Wi-Fi)将电信号传输给计算机等信息处理设备。
图1为根据一些实施例的一种光通信系统的连接关系图。如图1所示，光通信系统主要包括远端服务器1000、本地信息处理设备2000、光网络终端100、光模块200、光纤101及网线103；
光纤101的一端连接远端服务器1000，另一端通过光模块200与光网络终端100连接。光纤本身可支持远距离信号传输，例如数千米(6千米至8千米)的信号传输，在此基础上如果使用中继器，则理论上可以实现超长距离传输。因此在通常的光通信系统中，远端服务器1000与光网络终端100之间的距离通常可达到数千米、数十千米或数百千米。
网线103的一端连接本地信息处理设备2000，另一端连接光网络终端100。本地信息处理设备2000可以为以下设备中的任一种或几种：路由器、交换机、计算机、手机、平板电脑、电视机等。
远端服务器1000与光网络终端100之间的物理距离大于本地信息处理设备2000与光网络终端100之间的物理距离。本地信息处理设备2000与远端服务器1000的连接由光纤101与网线103完成；而光纤101与网线103之间的连接由光模块200和光网络终端100完成。
光模块200包括光口和电口。光口被配置为与光纤101连接，从而使得光模块200与光纤101建立双向的光信号连接；电口被配置为接入光网络终端100中，从而使得光模块200与光网络终端100建立双向的电信号连接。光模块200实现光信号与电信号的相互转换，从而使得光纤101与光网络终端100之间建立连接。示例的，来自光纤101的光信号由光模块200转换为电信号后输入至光网络终端100中，来自光网络终端100的电信号由光模块200转换为光信号输入至光纤101中。
光网络终端100包括大致呈长方体的壳体(housing)，以及设置在壳体上的光模块接口102和网线接口104。光模块接口102被配置为接入光模块200，从而使得光网络终端100与光模块200建立双向的电信号连接；网线接口104被配置为接入网线103，从而使得光网络终端100与网线103建立双向的电信号连接。光模块200与网线103之间通过光网络终端100建立连接。示例的，光网络终端100将来自光模块200的电信号传递给网线103，将来自网线103的信号传递给光模块200，因此光网络终端100作为光模块200的上位机，可以监控光模块200的工作。光模块200的上位机除光网络终端100之外还可以包括OLT(Optical Line Terminal，光线路终端)等。
远端服务器1000通过光纤101、光模块200、光网络终端100及网线103，与本地信息处理设备2000之间建立了双向的信号传递通道。
图2为根据一些实施例的一种光网络终端的结构图，为了清楚地显示光模块200与光网络终端100的连接关系，图2仅示出了光网络终端100的与光模块200相关的结构。如图2所示，光网络终端100中还包括设置于壳体内的PCB电路板105，设置在PCB电路板105的表面的笼子106，以及设置在笼子106内部的电连接器。电连接器被配置为接入光模块200的电口；散热器107具有增大散热面积的翅片等凸起部。
光模块200插入光网络终端100的笼子106中，由笼子106固定光模块200，光模块200产生的热量传导给笼子106，然后通过散热器107进行扩散。光模块200插入笼子106中后，光模块200的电口与笼子106内部的电连接器连接，从而光模块200与光网络终端100建立双向的电信号连接。此外， 光模块200的光口与光纤101连接，从而光模块200与光纤101建立双向的电信号连接。
图3为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的结构图，图4为根据一些实施例的一种光模块的分解图。如图3和图4所示，光模块200包括壳体、设置于壳体中的电路板300及光收发部件；
壳体包括上壳体201和下壳体202，上壳体201盖合在下壳体202上，以形成具有两个开口204和205的上述壳体；壳体的外轮廓一般呈现方形体。
在本公开一些实施例中，下壳体202包括底板以及位于底板两侧、与底板垂直设置的两个下侧板；上壳体201包括盖板，以及位于盖板两侧与盖板垂直设置的两个上侧板，由两个侧壁与两个侧板结合，以实现上壳体201盖合在下壳体202上。
两个开口204和205的连线所在方向可以与光模块200的长度方向一致，也可以与光模块200的长度方向不一致。示例地，开口204位于光模块200的端部(图3的左端)，开口205也位于光模块200的端部(图3的右端)。或者，开口204位于光模块200的端部，而开口205则位于光模块200的侧部。其中，开口204为电口，电路板300的金手指从电口204伸出，插入上位机(如光网络终端100)中；开口205为光口，配置为接入外部的光纤101，以使光纤101连接光模块200内部的光收发部件。
采用上壳体201、下壳体202结合的装配方式，便于将电路板300、光收发部件等器件安装到壳体中，由上壳体201、下壳体202可以对这些器件形成封装保护。此外，在装配电路板300等器件时，便于这些器件的定位部件、散热部件以及电磁屏蔽部件的部署，有利于自动化的实施生产。
在一些实施例中，上壳体201及下壳体202一般采用金属材料制成，利于实现电磁屏蔽以及散热。
在一些实施例中，光模块200还包括位于其壳体外壁的解锁部件203，解锁部件203被配置为实现光模块200与上位机之间的固定连接，或解除光模块200与上位机之间的固定连接。
示例地，解锁部件203位于下壳体202的两个下侧板2022的外壁，包括与上位机的笼子(例如，光网络终端100的笼子106)匹配的卡合部件。当光模块200插入上位机的笼子里，由解锁部件203的卡合部件将光模块200固定在上位机的笼子里；拉动解锁部件203时，解锁部件203的卡合部件随之移动，进而改变卡合部件与上位机的连接关系，以解除光模块200与上位机的卡合关系，从而可以将光模块200从上位机的笼子里抽出。
电路板300包括电路走线、电子元件及芯片，通过电路走线将电子元件和芯片按照电路设计连接在一起，以实现供电、电信号传输及接地等功能。电子元件例如可以包括电容、电阻、三极管、MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，金属氧化物半导体场效应管)。芯片例如可以包括MCU(Microcontroller Unit，微控制单元)、限幅放大器(limiting amplifier)、CDR(Clock and Data Recovery，时钟数据恢复芯片)、电源管理芯片、DSP(Digital Signal Processing，数字信号处理)芯片。
电路板300一般为硬性电路板，硬性电路板由于其相对坚硬的材质，还可以实现承载作用，如硬性电路板可以平稳的承载芯片；硬性电路板还可以插入上位机笼子中的电连接器中。
电路板300还包括形成在其端部表面的金手指301，金手指301由相互独立的多个引脚组成。电路板300插入笼子106中，由金手指301与笼子106内的电连接器导通连接。金手指301可以仅设置在电路板300一侧的表面(例如图4所示的上表面)，也可以设置在电路板300上下两侧的表面，以适应引脚数量需求大的场合。金手指301被配置为与上位机建立电连接，以实现供电、接地、I2C信号传递、数据信号传递等。当然，部分光模块中也会使用柔性电路板。柔性电路板一般与硬性电路板配合使用，以作为硬性电路板的补充。
光收发部件包括光发射部件及光接收部件。
长距离传输的光模块，对光接收部件的灵敏度的指标要求较高，使得光接收部件需要工作在极小的接收光功率范围内，同时LOS门限也需要设置的很小，而且必须要保证LOSD与LOSA有一定的迟滞。为优化光接收部件的LOS指标，增加光探测器的差分输出幅度，提出本公开。
图5为根据一些实施例的一种光模块中电路板的结构示意图。如图5所示，本公开实施例提供的光模块中，电路板300上还包括MCU301。在本实施例中，MCU301与光探测器、限幅放大器连接，用于监测光探测器的光功率和限幅放大器的LOS(Loss of Signal，信号丢失)信号，并对光探测器的工作电压进行调节。其中，LOS信号可以称为告警信号，是指通信系统接收端收不到发送端传过来的信号时出现的LOS告警信号。
图6为根据一些实施例的一种光接收部件示意图。如图中所示，光接收部件包括：光探测器，接收光信号转换为电信号。APD(Avalanche Photo Diode，雪崩光电二极管)升压电路，其第一端与光探测器连接，为光探测器提供反向工作电压。APD升压电路的第二端与MCU的第一端连接，用于向MCU输出接收光信号的功率信号。MCU的第二端与APD升压电路的第三端连接，向APD升压电路输出控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压。光探测器还连接有限幅放大器，用于对光探测器输出的光信号进行放大，输出放大后的电信号至上位机。限幅放大器还与MCU连接。MCU的第三端与限幅放大器连接，接收LOS信号。
限幅放大器，设置LOS信号引脚，用于输出高电平或低电平。限幅放大器，设有信号输入端，与光探测器连接，接收光探测器输出的电信号。限幅放大器内设LOS门限；当运算判断出电信号小于LOS门限，输出高电平。否则，输出低电平。在本公开实施例中，限幅放大器的LOS信号引脚输出高电平，即为LOS信号。
为了提高光探测器的灵敏度，增加光探测器探测光功率范围，本公开提供的实施例中，MCU内置寄存器，寄存器内监控值。MCU根据功率信号调节向APD升压电路输出的控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压的大小。
在本公开的某一实施例中，APD升压电路的第一端与光探测器的APD管 脚连接，用于给APD光电二极管提供反向工作高压。
在本公开的某一实施例中，APD升压电路的第一端为供电接口，第二端为输出接口，第三端为控制接口。MCU的第一端为检测管脚，第二端为调节管脚，第三端为输入管脚。
在本公开实施例中APD升压电路设有电流镜像电路，将流入光探测器的电流按一定比例输出给MCU，以便监控光探测器探测的光电流，形成功率信号输送至MCU。
MCU的第二端与APD升压电路的第三端连接，向APD升压电路输出控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压。MCU接收的功率信号低于监控值时，控制APD升压电路的输出电压增加某一预设电压定值。根据光探测器的工作原理，APD升压电路的输出电压增加，光探测器输出的幅度增大，增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，优化LOS性能。
监控值可根据功率信号与光功率的对照情况，进行设置。通常监控值对应的光功率大于光探测器能够探测的最小光功率的值。
在本公开的某一实施例中，MCU配置为：功率信号小于监控值，且未接收到LOS信号，则控制APD升压电路的输出电压增加。APD升压电路的输出电压升高，光探测器的探测光功率的最小值相比升压前变小，增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，优化LOS性能，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
如果APD升压电路的输出电压长期保持增大状态，对光探测器的损害较大，MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制APD升压电路的输出电压恢复原输出。即，MCU接收的功率信号低于监控值且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压。APD升压电路的第一输出电压与第二输出电压之间的差值即为预设电压定值。
限幅放大器内设置LOS门限，判定是否输出LOS信号。在本公开实施例中，当光探测器的输出电压小于LOS门限时，限幅放大器输出LOS信号。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将APD升压电路输出的高压增大预设电压定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会(相比较未增大预设电压定值时)减小一些。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值(即不再增大预设电压定值)，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便将LOSH的值进行了拉大。
本公开中，光探测器接收的光功率逐步衰减到小光，当LOS信号电压由低电平跳变为高电平时，即为LOS信号，其对应的光功率为LOSA；光探测器接收的光功率逐步增加到大光，当LOS信号电压由高电平跳变为低电平时，解除LOS信号，其对应的光功率为LOSD。LOSD减去LOSA的值，即为LOSH。
在本公开的一些实施例中，寄存器内可预设光功率阈值及功率信号与光功率的对照表，MCU将接收的当前功率信号的大小根据功率信号与光功率的对照表，转换为当前光功率。MCU配置为：当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值， 且未接收到LOS信号，则控制APD升压电路的输出电压增加。APD升压电路的输出电压升高，光探测器的探测光功率的最小值相比升压前变小，优化LOS性能，增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
在本公开的实施例中，寄存器可以内置于MCU内部，也可设置于MCU外部，对此不做具体限定。
MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制APD升压电路的输出电压恢复原输出。即，MCU接收的功率信号对应的当前光功率低于光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压。APD升压电路的第一输出电压与第二输出电压之间的差值即为预设电压定值。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将APD升压电路输出的高压增大预设电压定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便提高了光接收部件的灵敏度。
与以上装置对应的，本公开还提供了一种光模块LOS优化方法，包括：
当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且接收到LOS信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压。
第二输出电压高于第一输出电压。
本公开提供的光模块LOS优化方法，包括：当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，MCU控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，或，当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值且接收到LOS信号，MCU控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；其中，第二输出电压高于第一输出电压。MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将APD升压电路输出的高压增大预设电压定值，此时，APD升压电路输出的高压为第二输出电压，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，优化LOS性能。
在本公开的一些实施例中，光模块LOS优化方法适用于光接收部件，为实现以上方法，光接收部件包括：光探测器，接收光信号转换为电信号。APD升压电路，其第一端与光探测器连接，为光探测器提供反向工作电压。APD 升压电路的第二端与MCU的第一端连接，用于向MCU输出功率信号，监控光功率的监控。MCU的第二端与APD升压电路的第三端连接，向APD升压电路输出控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压。光探测器还连接有限幅放大器，用于对光探测器输出的光信号进行放大，限幅放大器输出放大后的电信号至上位机。限幅放大器还与MCU连接。MCU的第三端与限幅放大器连接，接收LOS信号。
MCU被配置为：接收光探测器的功率信号，当前光功率的功率信号小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；
当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，或，当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值且接收到LOS信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；其中，第二输出电压高于第一输出电压。
为了优化LOS性能，增加光探测器的差分输出幅度，增加光探测器探测光功率范围，本公开提供的实施例中，MCU可根据接收到的功率信号与监控值比对，判断当前光功率的功率信号是否小于预设光功率阈值。如功率信号小于监控值，则判断当前光功率的功率信号是小于预设光功率阈值。寄存器内监控值。MCU根据功率信号调节向APD升压电路输出的控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压的大小。
在本公开的某一实施例中，APD升压电路的第一端与光探测器的APD管脚连接，用于给APD光电二极管提供反向工作高压。
MCU的第二端与APD升压电路的第三端连接，向APD升压电路输出控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压。MCU接收的功率信号低于监控值时，控制APD升压电路的输出电压增加某一预设电压定值。根据光探测器的工作原理，APD升压电路的输出电压增加，光探测器输出的幅度增大，增加了光探测器的灵敏度。
监控值可根据功率信号与光功率的对照情况，进行设置。通常监控值对应的光功率大于第一输出电压下的LOSA对应的光功率值。
在本公开的某一实施例中，MCU配置为：功率信号小于监控值，且未接收到LOS信号，则控制APD升压电路的输出电压增加。APD升压电路的输出电压升高，光探测器的探测光功率的最小值相比升压前变小，优化LOS性能，增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
如果APD升压电路的输出电压长期保持增大状态，MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制APD升压电路的输出电压恢复原输出。即，MCU接收的功率信号低于监控值且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压。APD升压电路的第一输出电压与第二输出电压之间的差值即为预设电压定值。
限幅放大器内设置LOS门限，判定是否输出LOS信号。在本公开实施例中，当光探测器的输出电压小于LOS门限时，限幅放大器输出LOS信号。LOS门限包括LOSA门限和LOSD门限，光探测器的输出电压小于LOSA门限时， 限幅放大器输出LOS信号；光探测器的输出电压大于LOSD门限时，限幅放大器解除LOS信号。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于一个定值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将APD升压电路输出的高压增大预设电压定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会(相比较未增大预设电压定值时)减小一些。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值(即不再增大预设电压定值)，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便将LOSH的值进行了拉大。
在本公开的一些实施例中，寄存器内可预设光功率阈值及功率信号与光功率的对照表，MCU将接收的当前功率信号的大小根据功率信号与光功率的对照表，转换为当前光功率。MCU配置为：当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，则控制APD升压电路的输出电压增加。APD升压电路的输出电压升高，光探测器的探测光功率的最小值相比升压前变小，增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制APD升压电路的输出电压恢复原输出。即，MCU接收的功率信号对应的当前光功率低于光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压。APD升压电路的第一输出电压与第二输出电压之间的差值即为预设电压定值。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于一个定值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将APD升压电路输出的高压增大预设电压定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，优化LOS性能。
本公开提供的光模块LOS优化方法，包括：
监测当前光功率，利用当前光功率与预设光功率阈值进行比对；
采集LOS信号，并根据当前光功率与预设光功率阈值进行比对结果和LOS信号，选择APD升压电路的输出电压值。
在本公开的某一实施例中，若当前光功率大于或等于预设光功率阈值，APD升压电路输出第一输出电压。若当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，MCU控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压。若接收到LOS信号，MCU控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压。其中，第二输出电压高于第一输出电压。MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将APD升压电路输出的高压增大预设电压定值，此时，APD升压电路输出的高压为第二输出电压，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值，此时从 小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便增加了光探测器的差分输出幅度，优化LOS性能。
图7为根据一些实施例的另一种光接收部件示意图。如图中所示，光接收部件包括：光探测器，接收光信号转换为电信号。APD升压电路，其第一端与光探测器连接，为光探测器提供反向工作电压。APD升压电路的第二端与MCU的第一端连接，用于向MCU输出功率信号，监控光功率。光探测器还连接有限幅放大器，用于对光探测器输出的光信号进行放大，输出放大后的电信号至上位机。限幅放大器还与MCU连接。MCU的第四端与限幅放大器连接，接收LOS信号。
限幅放大器的第一端与光探测器的输出端连接，用于接收光探测器的电信号，并对电信号进行放大。限幅放大器的第二端与MCU的第四端连接，用于向MCU发送LOS信号。限幅放大器的第三端与MCU的第三端连接，用于接收MCU的控制信号。MCU接收LOS信号，并根据LOS信号发送控制信号，用于调整限幅放大器内设LOS门限值。为了提高光探测器的灵敏度，增加光探测器探测光功率范围，本公开提供的实施例中，MCU内置寄存器，寄存器内预设光功率阈值。MCU根据功率信号调节向限幅放大器输出的控制信号，调节LOS门限的大小。
在本公开的某一实施例中，APD升压电路的第一端与光探测器的APD管脚连接，用于给APD光电二极管提供反向工作高压。
在本公开实施例中APD升压电路设有电流镜像电路，将流入光探测器的电流按一定比例输出给MCU，以便监控光探测器探测的光电流，形成功率信号输送至MCU。MCU根据功率信号的大小和LOS信号，调整限幅放大器内设LOS门限值。
限幅放大器中LOS门限采用DAC值，MCU输出控制信号调节LOS门限值的大小。
MCU接收的功率信号低于电流阈值时，控制调节LOS门限值的变小。根据限幅放大器的工作原理，LOS门限值变小，触发LOS信号对应的光功率值减小，增加了光探测器的灵敏度。
预设电流阈值可根据功率信号与光功率的对照情况，进行设置。通常电流阈值对应的光功率大于光探测器能够探测的最小光功率的值。
限幅放大器内设置LOS门限，判定是否输出LOS信号。在本公开实施例中，LOS门限包括LOSA门限和LOSD门限，光探测器的输出电压小于LOSA门限时，限幅放大器输出LOS信号；光探测器的输出电压大于LOSD门限时，限幅放大器解除LOS信号。
在本公开的某一实施例中，MCU配置为：功率信号小于电流阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，则控制限幅放大器的LOS门限减小。LOSA门限减小，触发LOS信号对应的光功率的相比LOSA门限变化前变小，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制限幅放大器的LOS门限阈值恢复。即，MCU接收的功率信号低于电流阈值且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制 信号，控制LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制LOSA门限为第一LOSA门限阈值。限幅放大器的第一LOSA门限阈值大于第二LOSA门限阈值。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将限幅放大器的LOSA门限阈值减小，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小一些。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将限幅放大器的LOSA门限阈值回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便将LOSH的值进行了拉大。
本公开中，光探测器接收的光功率逐步衰减到小光，当LOS信号电压由低电平跳变为高电平时，即为LOS信号，其对应的光功率为LOSA；光探测器接收的光功率逐步增加到大光，当LOS信号电压由高电平跳变为低电平时，解除LOS信号，其对应的光功率为LOSD。LOSD减去LOSA的值，即为LOSH。
在本公开的一些实施例中，寄存器内可预设光功率阈值及功率信号与光功率的对照表，MCU将接收的当前功率信号的大小根据功率信号与光功率的对照表，转换为当前光功率。MCU配置为：当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，则控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小。限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小，光探测器的探测光功率的最小值相比变化前变小，提高的光探测器的灵敏度，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
在本公开的实施例中，寄存器可以内置于MCU内部，也可设置于MCU外部，对此不做具体限定。
MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限恢复原输出。即，MCU接收的功率信号对应的当前光功率低于光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第一LOSA门限阈值。限幅放大器的第二LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率小于第二LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小预设定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便优化光模块LOS性能。
与以上装置对应的，为优化光模块LOS性能，本公开还提供了一种光模块LOS优化方法，包括：
当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第一LOSA门限阈值；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且接收到LOS信号，控制限幅放大器 的LOSA门限为第一LOSA门限阈值。
第二LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率低于第一LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率。
本公开提供的光模块LOS优化方法，包括：当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，MCU控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，或，当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值且接收到LOS信号，MCU控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；其中，第二LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率低于第一LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率。MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小预设定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将A将限幅放大器的LOSA门限回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便优化了光模块LOS性能。
在本公开的一些实施例中，光模块LOS优化方法适用于光接收部件，为实现以上方法，光接收部件包括：光探测器，接收光信号转换为电信号。APD升压电路，其第一端与光探测器连接，为光探测器提供反向工作电压。APD升压电路的第二端与MCU的第一端连接，用于向MCU输出功率信号，监控光功率。光探测器还连接有限幅放大器，用于对光探测器输出的光信号进行放大，输出放大后的电信号至上位机。限幅放大器还与MCU连接。MCU的第四端与限幅放大器连接，接收LOS信号。限幅放大器的第一端与光探测器的输出端连接，用于接收光探测器的电信号，并对电信号进行放大。限幅放大器的第二端与MCU的第四端连接，用于向MCU发送LOS信号。限幅放大器的第三端与MCU的第三端连接，用于接收MCU的控制信号。MCU接收LOS信号，并根据LOS信号发送控制信号，用于调整限幅放大器内设LOS门限值。
MCU被配置为：接收光探测器的功率信号，当前光功率的功率信号小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；
当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，或，当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值且接收到LOS信号，限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第一LOSA门限阈值；其中，第二LOSA门限阈值小于第一LOSA门限阈值。
为了提高光探测器的灵敏度，增加光探测器探测光功率范围，本公开提供的实施例中，MCU可根据接收到的功率信号与预设电流阈值比对，判断当前光功率的功率信号是否小于预设光功率阈值。如功率信号小于预设电流阈值，则判断当前光功率的功率信号是小于预设光功率阈值。寄存器内预设电流阈值。MCU根据功率信号调节向限幅放大器输出的控制信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限的大小。
在本公开的某一实施例中，APD升压电路的第一端与光探测器的APD管脚连接，用于给APD光电二极管提供反向工作高压。
MCU接收的功率信号低于电流阈值时，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小某一预设定值。
预设电流阈值可根据功率信号与光功率的对照情况，进行设置。通常电流阈值对应的光功率大于第一输出电压下的LOSA对应的光功率值。
在本公开的某一实施例中，MCU配置为：功率信号小于电流阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，则控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小。限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小，光探测器的探测光功率的最小值相比LOSA门限变化前变小，提高的光探测器的灵敏度，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限恢复原输出。即，MCU接收的功率信号对应的当前光功率低于光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第一LOSA门限阈值。限幅放大器的第二LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率小于第二LOSA门限阈值对应的光功率。
限幅放大器内设置LOSA门限，判定是否输出LOS信号。在本公开实施例中，当光探测器的输出电压小于LOSA门限时，限幅放大器输出LOS信号。LOS门限包括LOSA门限和LOSD门限，光探测器的输出电压小于LOSA门限时，限幅放大器输出LOS信号；光探测器的输出电压大于LOSD门限时，限幅放大器解除LOS信号。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于一个定值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小预设定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小一些。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将APD输出的电压回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便将LOSH的值进行了拉大。
本方案在已有、常规硬件方案基础上进行软件层面的优化，不增加任何成本，但可有效改善LOSH过小的问题，同样可以根据自己的需要，通过MCU灵活配置电流阈值和预设定值或LOSA门限阈值的合适的值，优化光模块LOS性能。
在本公开的一些实施例中，寄存器内可预设光功率阈值及功率信号与光功率的对照表，MCU将接收的当前功率信号的大小根据功率信号与光功率的对照表，转换为当前光功率。MCU配置为：当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，则控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小。限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小，光探测器的探测光功率的最小值相比变化前变小，优化光模块LOS性能，实现光接收部件的LOS功能优化。
MCU接收到LOS信号后，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限恢复原。即，MCU接收的功率信号对应的当前光功率低于光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号时，输出第二控制信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；MCU接收到LOS信号后，输出第一控制信号，控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第一LOSA门限阈值。限幅放大器的第一LOSA门限阈值与第 二LOSA门限阈值之间的差值即为预设定值。
本公开实施例中，MCU通过功率信号，可以是电流信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于一个定值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小预设定值，这样LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将限幅放大器的LOSA门限回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便优化光模块LOS性能。
本公开提供的光模块LOS优化方法，包括：
监测当前光功率，利用当前光功率与预设光功率阈值进行比对；
采集LOS信号，并根据当前光功率与预设光功率阈值进行比对结果和LOS信号，选择限幅放大器的LOSA门限。
在本公开的某一实施例中，若当前光功率大于或等于预设光功率阈值，限幅放大器LOSA门限为第一门限阈值。若当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，MCU控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值。若接收到LOS信号，MCU控制限幅放大器的LOSA门限为第二LOSA门限阈值。其中，第一LOSA门限阈值高于第二LOSA门限阈值。MCU通过功率信号来监控接收光功率的大小，当光功率小于预设光功率阈值，并确认限幅放大器未上报LOS信号时，将限幅放大器的LOSA门限减小预设定值，此时，LOSA的值对应的光功率值便会减小。当限幅放大器上报LOS信号后，MCU将限幅放大器的LOSA门限回归到正常值，此时从小光逐步增大时所得到的LOSD的值仍与最初值一样大，这样便优化了光模块LOS性能。
图8为根据一些实施例的另一种光接收部件示意图。如图中所示，光接收部件包括：光探测器，用于将光信号转换为电信号。限幅放大器，设有LOS信号引脚用于输出高电平或低电平，和限放调控端。APD升压电路，包括：控制接口；供电接口，与光探测器连接，对光探测器供电；输出接口，输出光信号的功率信号。MCU，包括：检测管脚，与输出接口连接，接收功率信号；输入管脚，与限幅放大器连接，用于接收高电平或低电平；APD调节管脚，与控制接口连接；限放调节管脚，与限放调端连接。MCU内部设置有功率信号监控值；当运算判断出功率信号小于监控值，且输入管脚接收高电平，APD调节管脚向控制接口发出信号供电接口的输出电压升高，限放调节管脚向限放调端发出调控信号降低LOS门限。
在本公开的某一实施例中述APD调节管脚向控制接口发出信号供电接口的输出电压升高，限放调节管脚向限放调端发出调控信号降低LOS门限调节过程，与前文表述一致，在此不再一一介绍。
与以上装置对应的还提供了一种光模块LOS优化方法，包括：根据功率信号计算当前光功率；
当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，控制限幅放大器的LOS门限为第一LOSA门限阈值，或控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，控制限幅放大器的LOS门限为第二LOSA门限阈值，或控制APD升压电路的输出电压为 第二输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且接收到LOS信号，控制限幅放大器的LOS门限为第一LOSA门限阈值，或控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
其中，第一LOSA门限阈值高于第二LOSA门限阈值；第二输出电压高于第一输出电压。
与以上装置对应的还提供了一种光模块LOS优化方法，包括：根据功率信号计算当前光功率；
当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，控制限幅放大器的LOS门限为第一LOSA门限阈值，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，控制限幅放大器的LOS门限为第二LOSA门限阈值，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；
当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且接收到LOS信号，控制限幅放大器的LOS门限为第一LOSA门限阈值，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
其中，第一LOSA门限阈值高于第二LOSA门限阈值；第二输出电压高于第一输出电压。
由于以上实施方式均是在其他方式之上引用结合进行说明，不同实施例之间均具有相同的部分，本说明书中各个实施例之间相同、相似的部分互相参见即可。在此不再详细阐述。
需要说明的是，在本说明书中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的电路结构、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种电路结构、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，有语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括要素的电路结构、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践本公开的公开后，将容易想到本公开的其他实施方案。本公开旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由权利要求的内容指出。
以上的本公开实施方式并不构成对本公开保护范围的限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种光模块，包括：
    光探测器，用于将光信号转换为电信号；
    限幅放大器，设置LOS信号引脚，用于输出高电平或低电平；
    APD升压电路，包括：
    控制接口；
    供电接口，与所述光探测器连接，对所述光探测器供电；
    输出接口，输出所述光信号的功率信号；
    MCU，包括：
    检测管脚，与所述输出接口连接，接收所述功率信号；
    输入管脚，与所述限幅放大器连接，用于接收所述高电平或所述低电平；
    调节管脚，与所述控制接口连接，
    所述MCU内部设置有功率信号监控值；当运算判断出所述功率信号小于所述监控值，且所述输入管脚接收所述高电平，所述调节管脚向所述控制接口发出信号，所述供电接口的输出电压升高。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，所述光模块还包括限放调控端和限放调节管脚；
    所述限放调节管脚与所述限放调控端连接，所述限放调节管脚用于向所述限放调端发出调控信号降低LOS门限。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光模块，所述调节管脚为APD调节管脚。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，所述限幅放大器，设有信号输入端，与所述光探测器连接，接收所述电信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光模块，所述限幅放大器内设LOS门限；当运算判断出所述电信号小于所述LOS门限，输出所述高电平。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的光模块，所述APD升压电路包括电流镜像电路，用于镜像所述光探测器输出的光电流，形成所述功率信号传送至所述MCU。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光模块，当运算判断出所述功率信号小于所述监控值，且所述输入管脚接收所述高电平，所述调节管脚向所述控制接口发出信号，所述供电接口的输出电压升高，包括：
    所述功率信号不小于所述监控值，所述调节管脚向所述控制接口输出第一控制信号，控制所述供电接口的输出电压为第一输出电压；
    所述功率信号小于所述监控值，且所述输入管脚接收所述高电平，所述调节管脚向所述控制接口输出第二控制信号，控制所述供电接口的输出电压为第二输出电压；
    所述功率信号小于所述监控值，且所述输入管脚接收所述低电平，所述调节管脚向所述控制接口输出第一控制信号，控制所述供电接口的输出电压为所述第一输出电压；
    其中，所述第二输出电压高于所述第一输出电压。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，所述限幅放大器设有放大输出端，输 出放大后的电信号。
  9. 一种光模块LOS优化方法，包括：
    根据功率信号计算当前光功率；
    所述当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，控制APD升压电路的输出电压为第一输出电压；
    所述当前光功率小于所述预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，控制所述APD升压电路的输出电压为第二输出电压；
    所述当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且接收到所述LOS信号，控制所述APD升压电路的输出电压为所述第一输出电压；
    其中，所述第二输出电压高于所述第一输出电压。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光模块LOS优化方法，
    所述当前光功率不小于预设光功率阈值，所述方法还包括：
    控制限幅放大器的LOS门限为第一LOSA门限阈值；
    所述当前光功率小于所述预设光功率阈值，且未接收到LOS信号，所述方法还包括：
    控制所述限幅放大器的LOS门限为第二LOSA门限阈值；
    所述当前光功率小于预设光功率阈值，且接收到所述LOS信号，所述方法还包括：
    控制所述限幅放大器的LOS门限为第一LOSA门限阈值；
    所述第一LOSA门限阈值高于所述第二LOSA门限阈值。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的光模块LOS优化方法，还包括：限幅放大器根据LOS门限和所述当前光功率，选择是否发送LOS信号。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的光模块LOS优化方法，所述APD升压电路的输出电压用于光探测器的工作电压。
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