WO2023097856A1 - 一种icn网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法 - Google Patents

一种icn网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法 Download PDF

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WO2023097856A1
WO2023097856A1 PCT/CN2021/143472 CN2021143472W WO2023097856A1 WO 2023097856 A1 WO2023097856 A1 WO 2023097856A1 CN 2021143472 W CN2021143472 W CN 2021143472W WO 2023097856 A1 WO2023097856 A1 WO 2023097856A1
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node
content
heat
icn
request message
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PCT/CN2021/143472
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French (fr)
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韩锐
李远航
尤佳莉
朱小勇
王旭
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中国科学院声学研究所
中科海网(苏州)网络科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023097856A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023097856A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H04L67/5682—Policies or rules for updating, deleting or replacing the stored data

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  • the invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a heat-based collaborative cache method in an ICN network.
  • ICN Information Center Network
  • ICN caching router is the basic element to realize in-network caching.
  • the current ICN architecture adopts the LCE caching strategy by default, that is, indiscriminate caching is performed in all nodes. This simple strategy only considers the topological properties of the network, but does not consider the heat properties of the content, resulting in a low cache hit rate or low cache space utilization.
  • LCE caching strategy by default, that is, indiscriminate caching is performed in all nodes. This simple strategy only considers the topological properties of the network, but does not consider the heat properties of the content, resulting in a low cache hit rate or low cache space utilization.
  • a Popularity-Based Collaborative Caching Algorithm for Content-Centric Networking proposes a CCN-oriented popularity-based caching strategy, which aims to cache popular content in cache nodes close to users.
  • the node maintains the popularity information of the cached content and the content that has not been cached but has received a content request.
  • the paper gives priority to the problem of user access to content delay, and does not consider improving the space utilization of cache nodes.
  • Reference [3] Design and Evaluation of Probabilistic Caching in Information-Centric Networking proposes a probability-based distributed caching strategy, in which each node makes a caching decision separately, and with a certain probability Cache incoming content. The value of the probability depends on the popularity of the content and the placement benefit of the content. In the paper, nodes make independent decisions during content transmission, and judge whether to cache content based on probability, which will bring more computing overhead.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and propose a heat-based collaborative cache method along the way in the ICN network.
  • the present invention proposes a heat-based path-associated caching method in an ICN network, which is implemented based on a content request sender, an ICN router node, and a content source server.
  • the method includes:
  • the content request sender initiates a content request
  • the content request sender sends a request message about the requested content to the data source node that can provide content services.
  • the header of the request message includes a heat field and a node information field, allowing the passing ICN router nodes to read, modify and forward the request message, in the request message forwarding process, the heat field records the lowest heat value of all cached content on the passing ICN router node, and the node information field records the node where the lowest heat value is located;
  • the data source node After the data source node receives the request message, it compares the heat value, and decides whether to place a copy of the content on the transmission path of the data message according to the comparison result and constructs the data message. During the forwarding process of the data message, the passing ICN router node Caching decisions are made based on the status of the node and the content of the node information field.
  • the data source node is a source server node or an ICN router node, and the address of the data source node is provided by a naming resolution system.
  • the heat field records the minimum heat value of all cached content on the passed ICN router node, and the node information field records the node where the minimum heat value is located; specifically includes:
  • the ICN router node In the process of forwarding the request message, after the ICN router node receives the request message, it judges whether the heat field carried by the request message is greater than the minimum heat value of the cache content of the node, and if it is judged to be yes, replace the heat field carried by the request message Cache the lowest heat value of the content for this node, replace the node information field carried by the request message with the information of this node, and then forward the modified request message to the next ICN router node; if the judgment is no, this node will not replace the request The information in the message directly forwards the request message to the next ICN router node;
  • the heat field records the lowest heat value of all cached content on the passing ICN router node, and the node information field records the node where the lowest heat value is located.
  • the popularity value is the number of content requests counted within a certain period T by the ICN router node or the content source server where the content is located.
  • the data source node After the data source node receives the request message, it compares the heat value, and decides whether to place a copy of the content on the transmission path of the data message and construct the data message according to the comparison result; specifically including:
  • the data source node After the data source node receives the request message, it compares the heat field in the request message with the heat value of the request content in the node;
  • the hotness field in the request message is less than the hotness value of the requested content on the node, it is necessary to place a copy of the content on the transmission path of the data message, and construct a data message whose header includes the hotness field and the node information field, where the hotness field records
  • the heat value of the transmitted content in the data source node, the content of the node information field is consistent with the content of the node information field of the request message, and is the location addressing information of the ICN router node whose copy of the content is to be cached;
  • the popularity field in the request message is not less than the popularity value of the requested content at the node, there is no need to place a copy of the content on the transmission path of the data message, and a data message in which the popularity field and the node information field are both empty is constructed.
  • the passing ICN router node performs cache decision-making in combination with the state of the node and the content of the node information field; specifically includes:
  • the passing ICN router node compares whether the information of this node is consistent with the node information field carried by the data message; if it is consistent, the content copy is cached according to its own cache space , and then forward the data message to the next ICN router node; if the judgment is inconsistent, then directly forward the data message to the next ICN router node;
  • the content copy is cached according to its own cache space; specifically includes:
  • the newly cached content of the ICN router node in the T cycle is not included in the comparison range of the lowest content heat value of the ICN router node in the current cycle, and is included in the comparison range from the T+1 cycle.
  • the location addressing information represents the specific information of the ICN router node that performs the cache content operation, and is characterized by the network hops from the ICN router node to the data source node, or by the global information of the ICN router node uniquely identify
  • the present invention has the advantages of:
  • the cache method of the present invention is oriented to the ICN cache network and belongs to the distributed cache placement method.
  • the cache method of the present invention advances the cache decision-making step to the request message transmission stage, does not require additional communication overhead, and can improve the space utilization of the ICN network cache nodes rate, increase the average popularity of cached content, increase the cache hit rate, and reduce the delay for users to obtain content.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of request message forwarding
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of data packet forwarding
  • Figure 3 is an example diagram of a specific implementation, in which Figure 3(a) is the initial state of the ICN cache network, Figure 3(b) is that node C has cached content c3, and the previously cached content c5 has been replaced, and Figure 3(c) is the node B caches the content c3, and the previously cached content c4 is replaced.
  • the present invention proposes a heat-based path-associated caching method in an ICN network, which involves ICN router nodes and data source nodes, and mainly includes:
  • the header of the ICN request message carries the heat field and the node information field, allowing the nodes passing through the ICN router to read and modify.
  • the heat field records the lowest heat value of all the content cached on the passing ICN router node
  • the node information field is used to mark the node that caches the content with the lowest popularity value on the node passing through the ICN router.
  • Figure 1 it is a flow chart of request message forwarding.
  • the ICN router node receives the request message carrying the heat field and the node information field, compares the heat minimum value of the cached content of this node with the heat field in the request message, and decides whether to replace the request message according to the comparison result.
  • the popularity field and the node information field will continue to forward the request message.
  • the data source node After the data source node receives the request message, it compares the heat field carried in the request message with the heat value of the requested content in the node, and decides whether to place a copy of the content on the transmission path of the data message according to the comparison result, and then Construct a data message carrying the popularity field and node information field and return it to the requester.
  • the value of the popularity field in the data message is set to the popularity value of the requested content in the node
  • the value of the node information field is set to the value of the node information field in the request message received by the node.
  • the data source node constructs an ICN data message.
  • the header of the message carries a heat field and a node information field.
  • the heat field records the heat of the transmitted content on the data source node
  • the node information field records the ICN router that will cache the transmitted content. Node location addressing information.
  • the ICN router node on the forwarding path makes a cache decision based on the state of the node and the field content. As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a flow chart of data packet forwarding.
  • the ICN router node compares whether the information of the node is consistent with the node information field carried by the data message; if consistent, the node further decides whether to cache the data message according to its own cache space information , and then the node forwards the data message; if the compared node information is inconsistent, the node directly forwards the data message.
  • the ICN router node calculates the popularity of all the contents cached by the node, and records the lowest value of the popularity of all the cached contents at the same time.
  • the heat value of the content is characterized by the number of content requests counted by the node within a certain period T, but it is not limited to this method.
  • its initial popularity can be obtained by assigning a value to the content popularity field in the data message, or setting a default initial value.
  • the ICN router node records the lowest temperature value of the cache content, and for the ICN router node with free cache space, the lowest temperature value is recorded as 0.
  • the newly cached content of the ICN router node T period it is not included in the comparison range of the lowest content heat value of the ICN router node in the current period, but is included in the comparison range from the T+1 period.
  • the location addressing information represents the specific information of the ICN router node that performs the cache content operation, which can be represented by the number of network hops from the node to the data source node, or the globally unique identifier of the node, but is not limited to these two way.
  • the data source node includes a source server node and an ICN router node capable of providing content services.
  • the ICN router node compares the heat field carried in the request message with the minimum value of the cache content heat of the node. If the minimum value of the cached content heat of the node is smaller, replace the heat field carried in the request message with the minimum value of the cache content heat of the node, and replace the node information field carried in the request message with the information of the node, and then Forward the request message. Otherwise, the node does not replace the information in the request message, and directly forwards the request message.
  • the data source node compares the heat field carried in the request message with the heat value of the requested content calculated by the data source node.
  • the popularity field and the node information field are optional fields of the data message.
  • the data source node constructs a data message carrying the popularity field and the node information field.
  • the hotness field carried in the request message is not less than the hotness of the requested content, the data source node constructs a data message that does not carry optional fields.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention proposes a heat-based path-associated caching method in an ICN network, involving the following entities: a content request sender, a naming resolution system, an ICN router node, and a content source server.
  • the sending end and receiving end include physical entities such as servers, PCs, and mobile phones.
  • the naming resolution system provides the mapping relationship between content and address.
  • the cache node is an ICN router node, which has functions such as storing content, forwarding messages, and calculating content popularity.
  • the data source node or the hit cache node calculates the heat of the requested content, and carries the heat of the content In the content data message, it is returned to the user; on the transmission path of the content data message, if the minimum heat of the content cached by the candidate node is lower than the heat of the requested content carried in the message, the node cached Request a copy of the content.
  • the ICN router node calculates the popularity of the content cached by this node.
  • the heat value of the content is characterized by the number of content requests counted by the node within a certain period T.
  • its initial heat value can be set to 1.
  • the cache node records the heat of the cached content.
  • the heat of the corresponding content recorded by the node is +1.
  • all cached content heats are initialized to 1.
  • cache nodes record the minimum value of cache content heat, and for nodes whose cache space is not full, the minimum heat value is recorded as 0.
  • the minimum heat value is recorded as 0.
  • the ICN network can further configure a naming resolution system, which maintains the mapping relationship between cached content in the resolution domain and content addresses that can provide services.
  • a naming resolution system which maintains the mapping relationship between cached content in the resolution domain and content addresses that can provide services.
  • the cache router node When the content of a certain source server is served, or when the cache router node caches the content, it will send a registration request to the resolution system; when the cache router node deletes the cached content, it will send a logout request to the resolution system.
  • a user requests a certain content it first sends a resolution request to the resolution system, and the resolution request returns a list of addresses corresponding to the content. According to the number of addresses in the address list, the user can get the number of copies of the content in the resolution domain.
  • the request message can further carry a copy number field, and the hit node of the request message uses the copy number field to adjust the popularity of the content corresponding to the request message.
  • the hit node of the request message uses the copy number field to adjust the popularity of the content corresponding to the request message.
  • the heat value of the requested content is recalculated according to the field value of the number of copies carried in the request message.
  • the heat value of the requested content calculated by the hit node decreases accordingly.
  • Figure 3(a) is the initial state of the ICN cache network.
  • user 1 and user 2 are terminals for content service requests
  • nodes A, B, C, and D are ICN router nodes, responsible for storing and forwarding the network information.
  • the source server compares the heat of the requested content c3 with the minimum heat value of the path recorded in the request message. Since the heat of c3 is higher, the source server decides to place the candidate node cache content c3 in the cache, and Construct a data message and return it to user 1.
  • node C compares the popularity of the requested content c3 with the lowest heat value of the path recorded in the request message. Since c3 is more popular, node C decides to place the candidate node cache content c3 in the cache, and Construct a data message and return it to user 2.
  • a heat-based path-based collaborative caching method in an ICN network proposed by the present invention can gradually spread popular content to locations close to users, and increase the average heat of content on the path, thereby improving the network cache hit rate.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，基于内容请求发送端、ICN路由器节点和内容源服务器实现，该方法包括：内容请求发送端发起内容请求；内容请求发送端向数据源节点发送请求报文，请求报文的首部包括热度字段和节点信息字段，允许途经的ICN路由器节点读取、修改和转发请求报文，在请求报文转发过程中，热度字段记录途经的ICN路由器节点上所有缓存内容的最低热度值，节点信息字段记录该最低热度值所在节点；数据源节点收到请求报文后，进行比较热度值比较，根据比较结果决定是否在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本并构造数据报文，在数据报文转发过程中，途经的ICN路由器节点进行缓存决策。

Description

一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法
相关申请
本申请要求名称为“一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法”、于2021年12月1日提交的中国专利申请号为202111453387.2的优先权，在此通过引用包括该件申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法。
背景技术
在当今社会，互联网流量呈现爆发式增长的趋势。然而现有的网络结构以IP为细腰，新的功能只能在此基础上以打补丁的形式进行实施，导致了传统互联网在网内缓存的使用、可扩展性、安全性等方面存在限制。
在针对上述问题的研究中，学者提出了信息中心网络(ICN)的概念。ICN摒弃了传统的以IP为细腰的协议栈结构，采用以信息名字为核心的协议栈结构。ICN网络架构有两个最重要的特征：一是路由器拥有缓存能力，可以实现网内缓存；二是对于每一个内容都有全局唯一的命名标识，路由器可以根据命名标识进行路由和缓存决策。网内缓存可以减少用户获取内容的时延，缓解网络拥塞，节省网络带宽；而根据命名对内容传播和路由的方式可以代替现有的以主机为中心的网络传输、支持移动性以及支持内容多播。
网内缓存是ICN的重要内容，而ICN缓存路由器则是实现网内缓存的基础元素。目前的ICN架构默认采用LCE缓存策略，即在所有节点中进行无差别的缓存。这种简单的策略只考虑了网络的拓扑属性，没有考虑内容的热度属性，导致缓存命中率不高或缓存的空间利用率低。目前相关的解决方案有：
参考文献[1](《A Popularity-Based Collaborative Caching Algorithm for Content-Centric Networking》)提出了一种面向CCN的基于流行度的缓存策略，旨在将流行的内容缓存在靠近用户的缓存节点。节点会维护已缓存内容以及未缓存内容但曾收到内容请求的热度信息。论文优先考虑用户获取内容时延的问题，没有考虑提升缓存节点的空间利用率。
参考文献[2](《An Almost-zero Latency Lightweight Mechanism for Caching Decision in ICN Content Router》)利用节点计算的热度信息进行源端决策，根据数据传输的跳数，将最流行的内容缓存在边缘节点，次流行的内容缓存在边缘节点的上一跳，以此类推。论文优先考虑用户获取内容时延的问题，没有考虑缓存节点的空间利用率。
参考文献[3](《Design and Evaluation of Probabilistic Caching in Information-Centric Networking》)提出了一种基于概率的分布式缓存策略，该策略中的每个节点分别做出缓存决策，并以一定的概率缓存传入的内容。概率的值取决于内容的受欢迎程度和内容的放置收益。论文在内容传输过程中由节点进行独立决策，且依据概率判断是否缓存内容，会带来更多计算开销。
参考文献[4](《Proactive Caching Placement for Arbitrary Topology With Multi-Hop Forwarding in ICN》)利用中心控制器进行决策和路由，需要统一收集请求数据，并定期将包含内容缓存位置的信息下发到所有路由器上。论文使用控制器获取内容的热度信息，并且需要控制器和缓存节点进行大量信息交互，带来了更多的通信开销。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术缺陷，提出了一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提出了一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，基于内容请求发送端、ICN路由器节点和内容源服务器实现，所述方法包括：
内容请求发送端发起内容请求；
内容请求发送端向能够提供内容服务的数据源节点发送关于请求内容的请求报文，所述请求报文的首部包括热度字段和节点信息字段，允许途经的ICN路由器节点读取、修改和转发请求报文，在请求报文转发过程中，热度字段记录途经的ICN路由器节点上所有缓存内容的最低热度值，节点信息字段记录该最低热度值所在的节点；
数据源节点收到请求报文后，进行热度值比较，根据比较结果决定是否在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本并构造数据报文，在数据报文转发过程中，途经的ICN路由器节点结合本节点状态和节点信息字段内容进行缓存决策。
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述数据源节点为源服务器节点或ICN路由器节点，该数据源节点的地址由命名解析系统提供。
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述在请求报文转发过程中，热度字段记录途经的ICN路由器节点上所有缓存内容的最低热度值，节点信息字段记录该最低热度值所在的节点；具体包括：
在请求报文转发过程中，ICN路由器节点收到请求报文后，判断请求报文携带的热度字段是否大于本节点缓存内容的最低热度值，判断为是，将请求报文携带的热度字段替换为本节点缓存内容的最低热度值，并将请求报文携带的节点信息字段替换为本节点信息，之后向下一个ICN路由器节点转发修改后的请求报文；判断为否，本节点不替换请求报文中的信息，直接向下一个ICN路由器节点转发请求报文；
重复请求报文转发过程，直至请求报文到达缓存该内容的数据源节点，此时热度字段记录途经的ICN路由器节点上所有缓存内容的最低热度值，节点信息字段记录该最低热度值所在的节点。
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述热度值为该内容所在的ICN路由器节点或内容源服务器在一定周期T内统计的内容请求数目。
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述数据源节点收到请求报文后，进行热度值比较，根据比较结果决定是否在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本并构造数据报文；具体包括：
数据源节点收到请求报文后，比较请求报文中的热度字段与请求内容在本节点的热度值；
如果请求报文中的热度字段小于请求内容在本节点的热度值，需要在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本，构造首部包括热度字段和节点信息字段的数据报文，其中，热度字段记录所传输的内容在数据源节点的热度值，节点信息字段的内容与请求报文的节点信息字段内容一致，为待缓存内容副本的ICN路由器节点的位置寻址信息；
如果请求报文中的热度字段不小于请求内容在本节点的热度值，不需要在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本，构造热度字段和节点信息字段均为空的数据报文。
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述在数据报文转发过程中，途经的ICN路由器节点结合本节点状态和节点信息字段内容进行缓存决策；具体包括：
在数据报文转发过程中，途经的ICN路由器节点接收到数据报文后，比较本节点的信息与数据报文携带的节点信息字段是否一致；判断一致，根据自身的缓存空间对内容副本进行缓存，再向下一个ICN路由器节点转发该数据报文；判断不一致，则直接向下一个ICN路由器节点转发该数据报文；
重复数据报文转发过程，直至数据报文到达内容请求发送端。
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述根据自身的缓存空间对内容副本进行缓存；具体包括：
如果有缓存空间，缓存内容副本，对应的热度值设置为0；如果没有缓存空间，则用该内容副本替换本节点中热度值最低的内容。
作为上述方法的一种改进，ICN路由器节点T周期内新缓存的内容，不计入当前周期ICN路由器节点的内容热度最低值的比较范围，从T+1周期开始计入比较范围。
作为上述方法的一种改进，所述位置寻址信息表示执行缓存内容操作的ICN路由器节点具体信息，通过该ICN路由器节点到数据源节点的网络跳数来表征，或通过该ICN路由器节点的全局唯一标识来表征
与现有技术相比，本发明的优势在于：
本发明的缓存方法面向ICN缓存网络，属于分布式缓存放置方法，本发明的缓存方法将缓存决策步骤提前至请求报文传输阶段，不需要额外的通讯开销，可以提升ICN网络缓存节点的空间利用率，提升缓存内容的平均热度，并提高缓存命中率，减小用户获取内容的时延。
附图说明
图1是请求报文转发流程图；
图2是数据报文转发流程图；
图3是具体实施方式示例图，其中图3(a)是ICN缓存网络初始状态，图3(b)是节点C缓存了内容c3，之前缓存的内容c5被替换，图3(c)是节点B缓存了内容c3，之前缓存的内容c4被替换。
具体实施方式
本发明提出了一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，涉及到ICN路由器节点、数据源节点，其主要包括：
(1)ICN请求报文首部携带热度字段和节点信息字段，允许途经ICN路由器节点读取和修改，在请求报文转发过程中，热度字段记录途经ICN路由器节点上缓存的所有内容的热度最低值，节点信息字段用于标记出途经ICN路由器节点上缓存了热度最低值内容的节点。如图1所示，是请求报文转发流程图。
优选地，ICN路由器节点接收到携带热度字段和节点信息字段的请求报文，将本节点缓存内容的热度最低值与请求报文中的热度字段比较，依据比较结果决策是否替换请求报文中的热度字段和节点信息字段，将请求报文继续转发。
优选地，数据源节点收到请求报文后，比较请求报文中携带的热度字段与本节点内被请求内容的热度，根据比较结果决定是否在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本，之后构造携带热度字段和节点信息字段的数据报文并返回给请求者。数据报文中的热度字段的值设为本节点内被请求内容的热度值，节点信息字段的值设为本节点收到的请求报文中节点信息字段的值。
(2)数据源节点构造ICN数据报文，报文首部携带热度字段和节点信息字段，热度字段记录所传输的内容在数据源节点的热度，节点信息字段记录将会缓存所传输内容的ICN路由器节点的位置寻址信息。在数据报文转发过程中，转发路径上的ICN路由器节点结合本节点状态和字段内容进行缓存决策。如图2所示，是数据报文转发流程图。
优选地，ICN路由器节点接收到数据报文后，比较本节点的信息与数据报文携带的节点信息字段是否一致；若一致，则本节点进一步根据自身的缓存空间信息决策是否缓存该数据报文，之后本节点转发该数据报文；若比较的节点信息不一致，则本节点直接转发数据报文。
优选地，ICN路由器节点计算本节点缓存的所有内容的热度，同时记录所缓存的所有内容的热度最低值。内容的热度值由节点一定周期T内统计的内容请求数目来表征，但不局限于此方式。对于网络中节点首次缓存的内容，其初始热度可以由数据报文中的内容热度字段赋值得到，或者设置默认初始值。
优选地，ICN路由器节点记录缓存内容热度的最低值，对于存在空闲的缓存空间的ICN路由器节点，其热度最低值记录为0。对于ICN路由器节点T周期内新缓存的内容，不计入当前周期中ICN路由器节点的内容热度最低值的比较范围，而是从T+1周期开始计入比较范围。
优选地，位置寻址信息表示执行缓存内容操作的ICN路由器节点具体信息，可以通过该节点到数据源节点的网络跳数来表征，也可以是该节点的全局唯一标 识，但不局限于此二种方式。
优选地，数据源节点包括能够提供内容服务的源服务器节点和ICN路由器节点。
优选地，在请求报文转发过程中，收到请求报文后，ICN路由器节点比较请求报文携带的热度字段与本节点缓存内容热度的最低值的大小。若本节点缓存内容热度的最低值更小，则将请求报文携带的热度字段替换为本节点缓存内容热度的最低值，并将请求报文携带的节点信息字段替换为本节点的信息，之后转发请求报文。否则本节点不替换请求报文中的信息，直接转发请求报文。
优选地，数据源节点收到请求报文后，比较请求报文携带的热度字段和数据源节点计算的被请求内容热度的大小。热度字段和节点信息字段作为数据报文的可选字段，当被请求内容的热度更大时，数据源节点构造携带热度字段和节点信息字段的数据报文。当请求报文中携带的热度字段不小于被请求内容的热度时，数据源节点构造不携带可选字段的数据报文。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细的说明。
实施例1
本发明的实施例1提出了一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，涉及如下实体：内容请求发送端，命名解析系统，ICN路由器节点和内容源服务器。发送端和接收端包括：服务器、PC机、手机等物理实体。命名解析系统提供内容与地址的映射关系。缓存节点为ICN路由器节点，具有存储内容、转发报文、计算内容热度等功能。
其中，在内容请求报文的传输路径上选择热度最低的内容所在ICN路由器节点作为所请求内容缓存放置备选节点；数据源节点或命中的缓存节点计算被请求内容的热度，并将内容热度携带在内容数据报文中，返回给用户；在内容数据报文的传输路径上，如果缓存放置备选节点所缓存内容的最低热度低于报文携带的被请求内容的热度，在该节点缓存所请求内容副本。
其中，ICN路由器节点计算本节点所缓存内容的热度。内容的热度值由节点一定周期T内统计的内容请求数目来表征，对于网络中节点首次缓存的内容，其初始热度可以设置为1。缓存节点记录缓存内容的热度，当请求在缓存节点命中时，该节点所记录的对应内容热度+1。在新的周期中所有缓存的内容热度初始化为1。
此外，缓存节点记录缓存内容热度的最小值，对于缓存空间未满的节点，其 最小热度值记录为0。对于缓存节点T周期内新缓存的内容，不计入当前周期中节点最小热度值的比较范围，而是从T+1周期开始计入比较范围。
ICN网络可以进一步配置命名解析系统，由命名解析系统维护解析域内缓存的内容与能够提供服务的内容地址的映射关系。当某个源服务器的内容提供服务时，或者当缓存路由器节点缓存内容时，会向解析系统发送注册请求；当缓存路由器节点删除缓存的内容时，会向解析系统发送注销请求。用户请求某个内容时，会先向解析系统发送解析请求，解析请求返回内容对应的地址列表。根据地址列表中的地址数目，用户可以得到该内容在解析域中的副本数目。
由于用户能够获取副本数目信息，请求报文可以进一步携带副本数目字段，在请求报文的命中节点利用副本数目字段调整请求报文所对应内容的热度。当内容被请求命中时，根据请求报文携带的副本数目字段值重新计算被请求内容的热度，当副本数目增大时，命中节点计算的被请求内容的热度值相应降低。
下面结合图3说明ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法。图3(a)是ICN缓存网络初始状态。该图中用户1和用户2是进行内容服务请求的终端，节点A、B、C、D为ICN路由器节点，负责该网络信息存储转发。
假设所有缓存路由器容量只够缓存两个内容，且内容c1、c2、c3、c4、c5的大小相同。用户1从某个时刻起向内容c3发起请求，命名解析系统返回了源服务器的地址，此时用户1接着向源服务器发送内容c3的请求报文。请求报文记录沿途节点中缓存最低热度内容对应的节点地址。此时节点C缓存的c5热度最低，为1，该热度被记录在请求报文中，同时节点C被选择作为缓存放置备选节点。请求报文到达源服务器时，源服务器比较被请求的内容c3的热度以及请求报文记录的路径最低热度值，由于c3的热度更高，源服务器决定在缓存放置备选节点缓存内容c3，并构造数据报文返回给用户1。
在图3(b)中，由于节点C缓存了内容c3，之前缓存的内容c5被替换。之后的某个时刻，用户2向内容c3发起请求，命名解析系统返回了节点C和源服务器的地址，由于节点C的距离更近，用户2接着向节点C发送内容c3的请求报文。请求报文记录沿途节点中缓存最低热度内容对应的节点地址。此时节点B缓存的c4热度最低，为2，该热度被记录在请求报文中，同时节点B被选择作为缓存放置备选节点。请求报文到达节点C时，节点C比较被请求的内容c3的热度以及请求报文记录的路径最低热度值，由于c3的热度更高，节点C决定在缓存放置备选节点缓存内容c3，并构造数据报文返回给用户2。
在图3(c)中，由于节点B缓存了内容c3，之前缓存的内容c4被替换。
从上述示例可以看出，本发明提出的一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，可以使流行的内容逐渐扩散到靠近用户的位置，并且提高路径上内容的平均热度，从而提升网络的缓存命中率。
最后所应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制。尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，基于内容请求发送端、ICN路由器节点和内容源服务器实现，所述方法包括：
    内容请求发送端发起内容请求；
    内容请求发送端向能够提供内容服务的数据源节点发送关于请求内容的请求报文，所述请求报文的首部包括热度字段和节点信息字段，允许途经的ICN路由器节点读取、修改和转发请求报文，在请求报文转发过程中，热度字段记录途经的ICN路由器节点上所有缓存内容的最低热度值，节点信息字段记录该最低热度值所在的节点；
    数据源节点收到请求报文后，进行热度值比较，根据比较结果决定是否在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本并构造数据报文，在数据报文转发过程中，途经的ICN路由器节点结合本节点状态和节点信息字段内容进行缓存决策。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，所述数据源节点为源服务器节点或ICN路由器节点，该数据源节点的地址由命名解析系统提供。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，所述在请求报文转发过程中，热度字段记录途经的ICN路由器节点上所有缓存内容的最低热度值，节点信息字段记录该最低热度值所在的节点；具体包括：
    在请求报文转发过程中，ICN路由器节点收到请求报文后，判断请求报文携带的热度字段是否大于本节点缓存内容的最低热度值，判断为是，将请求报文携带的热度字段替换为本节点缓存内容的最低热度值，并将请求报文携带的节点信息字段替换为本节点信息，之后向下一个ICN路由器节点转发修改后的请求报文；判断为否，本节点不替换请求报文中的信息，直接向下一个ICN路由器节点转发请求报文；
    重复请求报文转发过程，直至请求报文到达缓存该内容的数据源节点，此时热度字段记录途经的ICN路由器节点上所有缓存内容的最低热度值，节点信息字段记录该最低热度值所在的节点。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，所述热度值为该内容所在的ICN路由器节点或内容源服务器在一定周期T 内统计的内容请求数目。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，所述数据源节点收到请求报文后，进行热度值比较，根据比较结果决定是否在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本并构造数据报文；具体包括：
    数据源节点收到请求报文后，比较请求报文中的热度字段与请求内容在本节点的热度值；
    如果请求报文中的热度字段小于请求内容在本节点的热度值，需要在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本，构造首部包括热度字段和节点信息字段的数据报文，其中，热度字段记录所传输的内容在数据源节点的热度值，节点信息字段的内容与请求报文的节点信息字段内容一致，为待缓存内容副本的ICN路由器节点的位置寻址信息；
    如果请求报文中的热度字段不小于请求内容在本节点的热度值，不需要在数据报文传输路径上放置该内容副本，构造热度字段和节点信息字段均为空的数据报文。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，所述在数据报文转发过程中，途经的ICN路由器节点结合本节点状态和节点信息字段内容进行缓存决策；具体包括：
    在数据报文转发过程中，途经的ICN路由器节点接收到数据报文后，比较本节点的信息与数据报文携带的节点信息字段是否一致；判断一致，根据自身的缓存空间对内容副本进行缓存，再向下一个ICN路由器节点转发该数据报文；判断不一致，则直接向下一个ICN路由器节点转发该数据报文；
    重复数据报文转发过程，直至数据报文到达内容请求发送端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，所述根据自身的缓存空间对内容副本进行缓存；具体包括：
    如果有缓存空间，缓存内容副本，对应的热度值设置为0；如果没有缓存空间，则用该内容副本替换本节点中热度值最低的内容。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，ICN路由器节点T周期内新缓存的内容，不计入当前周期ICN路由器节点的内容热度最低值的比较范围，从T+1周期开始计入比较范围。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的ICN网络中基于热度的随路协同缓存方法，其特征在于，所述位置寻址信息表示执行缓存内容操作的ICN路由器节点具体信息，通过该ICN路由器节点到数据源节点的网络跳数来表征，或通过该ICN路由器节点的全局唯一标识来表征。
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