WO2009074077A1 - Méthode de réalisation de services anycast, méthode d'envoi de demandes anycast, et routeur anycast - Google Patents

Méthode de réalisation de services anycast, méthode d'envoi de demandes anycast, et routeur anycast Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009074077A1
WO2009074077A1 PCT/CN2008/073242 CN2008073242W WO2009074077A1 WO 2009074077 A1 WO2009074077 A1 WO 2009074077A1 CN 2008073242 W CN2008073242 W CN 2008073242W WO 2009074077 A1 WO2009074077 A1 WO 2009074077A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
packet
anycast
address
server
router
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PCT/CN2008/073242
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Zhongqi Xia
Xuesong Gao
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2009074077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009074077A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an implementation method of anycast service, a method for transmitting an anycast request, and an anycast router.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
  • IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
  • this figure shows the basic concept of the anycast service.
  • Member 1 (Member 1) and Member 2 (Member 2) form an anycast group, which is group A ( Group A ).
  • Member 1 and Member 2 provide the same service, with the same anycast address, called the anycast server.
  • Service Requester 1 (Senderl) and Service Requester 2 (Sender2) send an IP packet whose destination address is the address of the anycast group to obtain the service, that is, obtain the service from Memberl or Member2.
  • Senderl gets services from Memberl, which is closer to itself, and Sender2 gets services from Member2.
  • anycast service model can improve network usage efficiency and quality of service.
  • the specific implementation goal of anycast can be simply:
  • An autonomous domain is a collection of one or more networks under the control of a single entity. Each autonomous domain corresponds to an autonomous domain number by the Internet Address Authorization Committee (IANA, Internet). Assigned Numbers Authority ) Uniform distribution. Limiting anycast within the autonomous domain can yield many advantages: for example, a unified management policy, routing using the internal gateway protocol, relatively small network size, known network topology, and so on. At present, many methods can be used to implement anycast in the autonomous domain.
  • the technology should be able to improve the quality of service by increasing the number of group members. For example, the number of Domain Name Servers (DNS) is huge, and the anycast service mechanism should be able to support anycast groups with unlimited number of members.
  • DNS Domain Name Servers
  • the anycast service should choose the optimal or near-optimal communication node. This requires the router to know more about the anycast group and its members. Obviously this is a goal that contradicts scalability.
  • Goal 4 The importance of Goal 4 is: To date, huge costs have been invested in the development of the Internet, and any changes to existing agreements can be costly. Similarly, if you need to modify the application layer software to use the anycast service, the vitality of anycast will be greatly reduced.
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4
  • GAA Global IP Anycast
  • the sender identifies the anycast packet by adding the any cast prefix to the unicast address.
  • the router can quickly find the home location by changing the anycast prefix when receiving the packet.
  • GCA assumes that each of the anycast services will have an initial The service provider, which must have an exact location, the domain where this location is located is the anycast server of the anycast service's home domain.
  • the server When the server receives a packet with a destination address and anycast prefix, it first removes the prefix, then adds 0 to the end of the address, and finally uses the frequency of the anycast group that was previously divided. Use the mapped address.
  • GIA divides the anycast address into internal (for the router, if the home domain of the anycast address is the same as its own autonomous domain, this address is called the internal address), commonly used and not commonly used. Routing of internal addresses is straightforward, going directly to the server in your home domain.
  • the internal anycast address is located in the network identified by the unicast address prefix of the home server in the home domain, and is identical to the unicast route, so the optimal server can be found directly by the group identifier (ID).
  • ID group identifier
  • the router For anycast addresses that are frequently accessed, the router performs a diffuse lookup within a certain range, and selectively caches the found results, so that subsequent anycast packets of this type can be quickly forwarded.
  • the packet is routed directly to the anycast server located in the home domain. Since there is no need to maintain the unused anycast address information, the problem of the expansion of the routing table is solved to some extent.
  • GIA The potential problem with GIA is that all the anycast requests that are not frequently accessed are routed to the main anycast domain regardless of whether there is a better server around the requester. It is difficult to find the optimal server for these anycast requests, so the optimal solution cannot be achieved efficiently. Group members are efficiently selected. At the same time, because anycast address and unicast address cannot be applied in the existing network address structure, it is not conducive to global use and reduces the vitality of the IP-anycast service.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an implementation method of anycast service, where the method includes:
  • the method for implementing the anycast service includes: receiving a packet, where the packet is an anycast request packet; and querying a unicast address of the corresponding anycast server according to the destination address of the packet; Converting the destination address to the unicast address of the anycast server to obtain the second packet; and sending the second packet to the anycast server.
  • the anycast router provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a first receiving unit, configured to receive a packet, where the packet is an anycast request data packet; and a first processing unit, configured to search for a corresponding anycast according to the address of the packet a unicast address of the server; converting the destination address of the packet to a unicast address of the anycast server to obtain a second packet; and the first sending unit, configured to send the second packet to the anycast server.
  • the method for sending an anycast request includes: receiving a packet, where the packet is an anycast request data packet; searching an anycast routing table according to a destination address of the packet, selecting an anycast server; and encapsulating the packet For the first group, the destination address of the first packet is an address of an anycast router corresponding to the anycast server, the payload of the first packet is the packet, and the first packet is sent.
  • the anycast router provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a second receiving unit, configured to group, the packet is an anycast request data packet; and a second processing unit, configured to search, according to the destination address of the packet, anycast routing table Selecting an anycast server; encapsulating the packet as a first packet, a destination address of the first packet is an address of an anycast router corresponding to the anycast server, and a payload of the first packet is the packet; a second sending unit, configured to send the first packet.
  • the method for processing an anycast request includes: receiving a first packet, decapsulating the first packet into a packet, where the packet is a payload of the first packet; Determining a unicast address of the corresponding anycast server; converting the destination address of the packet to a unicast address of the anycast server, to obtain a second packet; and sending the second packet to the anycast server.
  • the anycast router provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a third receiving unit, configured to receive a first packet, and a third processing unit, configured to decapsulate the first packet into a packet, where the packet is a unicast address of the corresponding anycast server according to the destination address of the packet; converting the destination address of the packet to a unicast address of the anycast server, to obtain a a second sending unit, configured to send the second packet to the anycast server.
  • the method for processing an anycast request includes: receiving a first packet; determining, when the destination address of the first packet is not an arbitrary anycast address, the first packet by searching a local routing table Forward according to unicast routes.
  • the anycast router provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a fourth receiving unit, configured to receive a first packet; and a fourth processing unit, configured to determine that the destination address of the first packet is not an own anycast address; And a sending unit, configured to forward the first packet according to a unicast route by searching a local routing table.
  • the method for processing a response to anycast request includes: receiving a ringing of a second packet Should be grouped; convert the source address of the response packet of the second packet to an anycast address of the anycast server that issues the second packet, to obtain a third packet; and send the third packet.
  • the anycast router provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a fifth receiving unit, configured to receive a response packet of the second packet; and a fifth processing unit, configured to convert the source address of the second packet to send the second Anycast address of the packetized anycast server, to obtain a third packet; and a fifth sending unit, configured to send the third packet.
  • the method for processing a response to anycast request includes: receiving a second packet; after processing the second packet, forming a response packet of the second packet, where the source address of the response packet is a unicast address of the anycast server The destination address is an anycast address of the anycast router that sends the packet; and the response packet of the second packet is sent.
  • the anycast server provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a sixth receiving unit, configured to receive a second packet; a sixth processing unit, configured to process, after processing the second packet, a response packet of the second packet, where the response packet is
  • the source address is the unicast address of the anycast server
  • the destination address is the anycast address of the anycast router that sends the packet
  • the sixth sending unit is configured to send the response packet of the second packet.
  • the system implemented by the anycast service includes: a first anycast router, configured to receive a packet, where the packet is an anycast request data packet; and select an anycast routing table according to the destination address of the packet a packet is encapsulated into a first packet, a destination address of the first packet is an address of an anycast router corresponding to the anycast server, and a payload of the first packet is the packet; a first packet; a second anycast router, configured to receive the first packet; decapsulate the first packet into a packet; and search for a unicast address of the corresponding anycast server according to the address of the packet; Transmitting a destination address to a unicast address of the anycast server to obtain a second packet; sending the second packet to the anycast server; and anycast server, configured to receive the second packet, according to The content of the second packet described provides a corresponding anycast service.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts technologies such as encapsulation, address translation, and decapsulation, so that anycast packet P has the advantage of unicast, and implements optimal group members in all ASs with high efficiency. select.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anycast service in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an address mapping process of a GIA in the prior art
  • 3 is a flowchart of a method according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 7 of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an optimal path selection efficiency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not need to change the existing address structure of the network, deploys anycast server globally, and provides the corresponding anycast service according to the address of anycast group is the basic condition for implementing the global scalable IP-anycast service.
  • the present invention requires that when deploying a new anycast service, the local anycast server (HAS, Home Anycast Server) of the anycast service needs to be deployed first, and the HAS may be an anycast server with the same identifier as the unicast address identifier (AS).
  • the first hop router can select the Anycast Router (AR) that is closest to the AS.
  • the HAS is allowed to access the network through the FAR.
  • HAS will actively register with its FAR.
  • a new AS is deployed for the anycast service.
  • a FAR is deployed on each AS front end, and the AS accesses the network through its FAR.
  • the AR can be deployed according to the following rules:
  • the AR can be an Internet Protocol Anycast Router (IR, I-anycast Router) that supports tunnel-based IP-anycast:
  • the AR should be deployed at the boundary of the autonomous domain;
  • the AR can be deployed from a global perspective, and the AR is distributed as evenly as possible in the global Internet. The purpose of this deployment is to enable more anycast requests to get anycast server information better than HAS on AMP.
  • each AR's Anycast Routing (ART, Anycast Routing), such as the AS's anycast address (ASAid, anycast address), and the unicast address (ASUid, unicast address, ).
  • the FARUid corresponding to the AS the FAR distance from the current AR, the L number (L is a positive integer), the AS selection evaluation value V (V is a positive integer), and the like.
  • V can be the actual distance from the AR to the AS, the busyness of the AS, or the processing capability of the AS. In the present invention, it is assumed that V is the hop count of the AR to the AS.
  • each record represents an AS.
  • the hop count L (L takes a positive integer) of the FAR from the current AR and the hop count of the AR to the AS are controlled.
  • the present invention generally needs to grasp the AS information in the V-hop autonomous domain for each AR; Control V to 4 or 5, so that each AR knows certain information, then all ARs can be connected to provide anyany service worldwide.
  • the storage capacity of the ART routing table information is reduced to some extent, thereby increasing the scalability of the number of anycast groups.
  • the following describes an implementation of the anycast service after having the global anycast service network structure through an embodiment.
  • Embodiment 1 Each packet on the IP network necessarily carries a source address and a destination address when the packet is sent.
  • the source address and the destination address of the network layer packet P are respectively src and dest, and the packet P may be a network protocol packet.
  • the packet P may be anycast packet.
  • dest is the anycast address (Aid, anycast address) of the anycast service.
  • Block 101 The AR receives the packet P; the source address and the destination address of the packet P are src and dest respectively; and block 102: determining whether the packet P is a tunnel packet (TP, Tunnel Packet anycast) If the packet P is TP, block 103 is performed, and if packet P is not TP, block 107 is executed;
  • TP Tunnel Packet anycast
  • a tunnel packet refers to an encapsulated IP packet, which may also be referred to as a first packet P.
  • the so-called encapsulation refers to the IP tunneling technique that uses packet P as the payload of the new IP packet.
  • the process of encapsulating packet P by AR is:
  • the V value of the ART record of the AR selects the optimal AS; (2) using the packet P as the payload of the packet after encapsulation, that is, as the data portion of the encapsulated IP packet;
  • the source and destination addresses of the packet P are src and the FARAid of the optimal AS, respectively.
  • tunnel packets can be marked by defining a new Next Header.
  • IPV4 a reserved bit location can be used to mark anycast tunnel packets.
  • the packet P is marked by the above method, it is possible to determine whether or not the TP is in the block diagram 102 by the Next Header or a reserved bit.
  • an AR When an AR performs the encapsulation process on the packet, it actually knows the destination address of the anycast service, that is, the encapsulation process changes the forwarding path of the packet P in the original IR environment.
  • the anycast tunneling technology refers to: The two sides of the communication are connected by a logical tunnel, and an optimal path is found by anycast technology, and the original path should be The path of the IR transmission is hidden.
  • Block 103 If the packet P is a TP, it indicates that the packet P is encapsulated, and the dest carried by the AS is the AR corresponding to the AS, and the corresponding AR may be the FAR of the destination AS, so the AR through which the AR stores the ART information Determining whether the dest of the packet P is its own ARUId; if the destination address of the packet P is the FARAid of the optimal AS, indicating that the AR is the FAR of the destination AS of the packet P, then the block diagram 104 is performed; ;
  • Block 104 Since the packet P involved in the block diagram 103 is encapsulated, that is, the packet P is a TP, and undergoes an address conversion process, the packet P is decapsulated, and an address translation process is performed to form a second packet P.
  • the decapsulation process mentioned in the block diagram 104 is a process of recovering the original packet P from the encapsulated packet, that is, the header information is removed to restore the payload to the original packet P; then the address translation is performed, and the packet P is encapsulated.
  • the subsequent address dest is transformed into the ASUid obtained by querying its ART.
  • Block diagram 105 Send the second packet P to the network layer of the AR, which sends the packet P to the destination according to the unicast service rule.
  • Block 106 The AR is only a transit AR in the anycast packet transmission process, and should be forwarded along the unicast service rule by the AR.
  • Block 107 Since the AR judges that the packet P is not a TP, that is, the packet P does not yet know The optimal destination AS address; then the AR continues to query whether there is the same ASAid as the dest of the packet P through the information stored in the ART; if it is found, the block diagram 108 is executed, and if not found, the block diagram 111 or the block diagram 111A is executed;
  • Block 108 If the AR finds the same ASAid as the dest of the packet P, it indicates that the corresponding AR of the optimal AS of the packet P is within the K hop range of the AR, and the corresponding AR may be the FAR of its destination AS; Whether the ARuid of the AR is equal to the FARuid of the selected optimal AS; if so, block diagram 109 is performed, if otherwise, block diagram 110 is performed; the optimal AS mentioned in the block diagram may be the AS closest to the AR that sent the packet P.
  • Block 109 Performing an address translation process, transforming the destination address dest of the packet P into an ASuid obtained by querying the ART of the AR, forming a second packet P; executing the block diagram 105;
  • the selected optimal AS is the HAS of the anycast service group.
  • Block 110 Since the packet P received by the AR is not a TP, but there is a best AS in the K hop range of the AR, the encapsulation process is performed on the packet P to form a second packet P, and the block diagram 105 is executed;
  • the encapsulation process is also referred to above for the packet P: (1) selecting the optimal AS according to the V value of the ART record of the AR; (2) using the packet P as the payload of the packet after encapsulation, that is, referring to As the data part of the encapsulated IP packet; after encapsulation, the source and destination addresses of the packet P are src and the FARAid of the optimal AS, respectively. (3) Marking the packet P as an anycast tunnel packet for FAR and AR identification; in IPV6, the tunnel packet can be marked by defining a new header information, and a certain reserved bit position of the packet P can be used to mark anycast in IPV4. Tunnel grouping.
  • Block 111 When the packet P received by the AR is neither a TP nor the same ASAid as the dest in the packet P, the received group P is a unicast packet or the AS of the anycast group requested by the packet P is the AR. If it is not known, the AR is only a transit AR in the anycast packet transmission process, and the packet P should be forwarded through the AR along its unicast service rule.
  • the initiator of anycast communication successfully sends the first IP packet to the optimal anycast server, subsequent packets are also transmitted according to this path.
  • the anycast server needs to send a data packet to the communication initiator, it is set as the response process of the AS, that is, the AS sends the response packet to the AR that first sends the packet P. Since the address conversion process is performed when the anycast packet P is forwarded to the FAR of the optimal AS, the destination address of the packet received by the optimal AS is ASuid, and the original address of the packet it responds to is necessarily ASuid, and the start of the response process is to use the ASAid to communicate, so the FAR must change the ASUid to ASAid, this process only needs to be done once.
  • the forwarding of the anycast server response packet may occur when the packet P received by the AR is not a TP and may not be queried in the same ASAid as the dest in the packet P; then the block diagram 111 Can be replaced by the following block diagram;
  • Block 111A It is judged whether the ASAid corresponding to the src of the packet P can be queried in the ART of the AR; if it is not described that the AR is an AR in the anycast packet transmission or is not an anycast request packet at all, the processing execution block diagram 106 is not required. ; query to execute block diagram 112;
  • Block 112 further determining whether the AR is the FAR of the AS represented by src in the packet P; if not, executing the block diagram 113, and if so, executing the block diagram 114;
  • Block 113 It is shown that although the packet P is a response packet from an AS but the AS does not register the current AR as a FAR, the inverse address translation process of the packet should be performed by the FAR, so that the packet P only needs to be forwarded according to the unicast mechanism. ;
  • Block 114 At this time, the AS responds to the anycast request process. Since the anycast packet P is forwarded to the optimal AS FAR, the address translation process is performed. Therefore, the destination address of the optimal AS received packet is ASuid, and the original packet of the response packet is The address must be ASuid, and the start response process is to use the ASAid to communicate, so the FAR must change the ASUid to ASAid, that is, perform the inverse address translation process to form the third packet P.
  • the address inverse transform process mentioned here means that the AR changes the source address src of the packet P to the ASAid that sends the response, and the destination address does not change.
  • FIG. 4 is a network topology diagram of an example of anycast forwarding.
  • HAS and AS2 form an anycast group with the address ASAid.
  • AR1-AR5 is deployed to handle anycast requests, and other IRs forward packets according to Internet standards.
  • AR1 and AR4 are the FARs of AS2 and HAS, respectively.
  • AC1 sends anycast request packet P, and its destination address is ASAid.
  • P first passes IR3. Since IR3 has not been modified, it can not recognize that packet P is an anycast packet, so P is regarded as a normal unicast packet. Forward. P reaches AR3.
  • AR3 performs the encapsulation process on P to generate the source address and destination address respectively, which are AClUid and The anycast tunnel of the AR1Uid packet is forwarded by the TP, and finally the TP reaches the AR1. Since the ARRU's ART records that the FARUid corresponding to AS2 is its own, AR1 is the FAR of AS2 according to the ART judgment of AR1.
  • the decapsulation process is performed to recover the packet P from the TP. Then perform the address translation process, replace the destination address of P with AS2Uid and send it to AS2.
  • AS2 returns a response packet RP (Response packet) whose source address is AS2Uid and whose destination address is AClUid.
  • AR1 is the FAR of AS2, AR1 performs the reverse address translation process, replaces the source address of the RP with the ASAid and sends it out. All the passed IR and AR directly forward the packet without special processing.
  • the RP arrives at AC1 and completes the entire anycast communication process.
  • the processing of P and RP in the above forwarding process is transparent to both AS and AC.
  • the encapsulation of the anycast packet P is performed only once during the transmission. Any ASAid, so it is impossible to be packaged again.
  • the concept of tunnel technology can be further understood:
  • the two sides of the communication are connected by a logical tunnel, and an optimal path is found by anycast technology, which should be in the original IR.
  • the path of the transfer is hidden.
  • Embodiment 2 The embodiment of the present invention further provides an anycast router.
  • the anycast router includes:
  • a first receiving unit 201 configured to receive a packet P, where the packet P is an anycast request data packet;
  • the first processing unit 202 is configured to search for a unicast address of the anycast server according to the address of the packet P; convert the destination address of the packet P to a unicast address of the anycast server, to form a second packet. P;
  • the first sending unit 203 is configured to send the second packet P to the anycast server.
  • the anycast server may further include a first determining unit 204, configured to perform, according to the grouping
  • the address of P finds the unicast address of the anycast server, it is first determined that the packet P is not a tunnel packet TP.
  • the method for representing the tunnel packet is: defining new header information for the packet ⁇ or using a reserved bit position of the packet ⁇ as an identifier to represent the tunnel packet TP, and correspondingly, determining that the packet P is not a tunnel
  • the packet specifically includes: when the packet P does not contain the identifier, it is determined that the packet P is not a tunnel packet.
  • Embodiment 3 The present invention also provides an anycast router.
  • the anycast router includes:
  • a second receiving unit 301 configured to receive a packet P, where the packet P is an anycast request data packet, and a second processing unit 302, configured to select an anycast server according to the destination address of the packet P, and select an anycast server;
  • the packet P is encapsulated into a first packet P, the destination address of the first packet P is the address of the anycast router corresponding to the anycast server, and the payload of the first packet P is the packet P;
  • the second sending unit 303 is configured to send the first packet P.
  • the second processing unit 302 After receiving the packet P, the second processing unit 302 further determines that the packet P is not a tunnel packet; the tunnel packet is represented by: defining new header information for the packet P or grouping the packet A certain reserved bit position of P is used as an identifier to indicate a tunnel packet TP.
  • determining that the packet P is not a tunnel packet specifically includes: when the packet P does not include the identifier, determining that the packet P is not a tunnel Grouping.
  • the second processing unit 302 searches the anycast routing table according to the destination address of the packet P, and selects an anycast server from the anycast routing table, specifically: searching for anycast route according to the destination address of the packet P. Table, select the anycast server closest to you.
  • the anycast router selected by the second processing unit 302 may be the first hop router of the anycast server.
  • the present invention further provides an anycast router. Referring to FIG. 7, the anycast router includes:
  • a third receiving unit 401 configured to receive the first packet P
  • a third processing unit 402 configured to decapsulate the first packet P into a packet P, where the packet P is a payload of the first packet P; and searching for the foregoing according to a destination address of the packet P a unicast address of the broadcast server; the destination address of the packet P is converted to a unicast address of the anycast server, forming a second packet P;
  • the third sending unit 403 is configured to send the second packet P to the anycast server.
  • Embodiment 5 The present invention also provides an anycast router.
  • the anycast router includes:
  • a fourth receiving unit 501 configured to receive the first packet P
  • the fourth processing unit 502 is configured to determine that the destination address of the first packet P is not its own anycast address
  • the fourth sending unit 503 is configured to forward the first packet P according to a unicast route by searching a local routing table.
  • the anycast router may further include a second determining unit 504, configured to determine, before the forwarding of the first packet P, the local routing table to determine the anycast server corresponding to the source address of the first packet P.
  • the anycast address is not in the local anycast routing table.
  • Embodiment 6 The present invention also provides an anycast router.
  • the anycast router includes:
  • a fifth receiving unit 601, configured to receive a response packet of the second packet P
  • the fifth processing unit 602 is configured to convert the source address of the second packet P to anycast address of the anycast server that sends the second packet P, to form a third packet P;
  • the fifth sending unit 603 is configured to send the third packet. .
  • the fifth processing unit 602 converts the source address of the response packet of the second packet P into an anycast address of the anycast server that sends the second packet P.
  • the first packet Before forming the third packet P, the first packet may be further determined.
  • the destination address of the first packet P is not its own anycast address, and it is determined that the anycast address of the anycast server corresponding to the source address of the first packet P is in the local anycast routing table.
  • Embodiment 7 also provides an anycast server, see FIG. 10, the anycast server package Includes:
  • a sixth receiving unit 701, configured to receive the second packet P
  • the sixth processing unit 702 is configured to process a second packet P, and form a response packet of the second packet P.
  • the source address of the response packet is a unicast address of the anycast server, and the destination address is an anycast router that sends the packet P. Anycast address;
  • the sixth sending unit 703 is configured to send a response packet of the second packet P.
  • Embodiment 8 further provides a system for implementing anycast service, the system comprising: a first anycast router, configured to receive a packet P, where the packet P is an anycast request data packet; according to the packet P The destination address of the anycast routing table is selected as the anycast server; the packet P is encapsulated into the first packet P, and the destination address of the first packet P is the address of the anycast router corresponding to the anycast server, The payload of the first packet P is the packet P; the first packet P is sent; the second anycast router is configured to receive the first packet P; and the first packet P is decapsulated into a packet P, that is Returning the payload to the group P; searching for the unicast address of the anycast server according to the address of the packet P; converting the destination address of the packet P to the unicast address of the anycast server, forming a second Packet P; transmitting the second packet P to the anycast server.
  • a first anycast router configured to receive a packet P, where the packet
  • Anycast server configured to receive the packet P, and provide a corresponding anycast service according to the content of the packet P.
  • the packet P is marked as a tunnel packet; and the tunnel packet is represented by: defining the packet P
  • the new header information or a certain reserved bit position of the packet P is used as an identifier to represent the tunnel packet TP.
  • the anycast router corresponding to the anycast server described in the first anycast router performs the encapsulation is the first hop router of the anycast server.
  • the system may further include a third anycast router, configured to receive the first packet, determine that the destination address of the first packet is not its own anycast address, and locate the first packet by searching a local routing table. Forward according to unicast routes.
  • a third anycast router configured to receive the first packet, determine that the destination address of the first packet is not its own anycast address, and locate the first packet by searching a local routing table. Forward according to unicast routes.
  • the system may further include a fourth anycast server, configured to receive a packet, the packet being an anycast request packet; searching for a unicast address of the anycast server according to the address of the packet; Converting the destination address to the unicast address of the anycast server to form a second packet ⁇ ; and transmitting the second packet to the anycast server.
  • a fourth anycast server configured to receive a packet, the packet being an anycast request packet; searching for a unicast address of the anycast server according to the address of the packet; Converting the destination address to the unicast address of the anycast server to form a second packet ⁇ ; and transmitting the second packet to the anycast server.
  • the anycast server may be further configured to form a response packet of the second packet P after the corresponding anycast service is provided according to the content of the second packet P, where the source address of the response packet is a unicast address of the anycast server And the destination address is an anycast address of the anycast router that sends the packet p; the response packet of the second packet P is sent; the corresponding system may further include a fifth anycast router, configured to receive the response packet of the second packet P Transmitting a source address of the response packet of the second packet P to an anycast address of an anycast server that issues the second packet p, forming a third packet P; and transmitting the third packet ⁇ .
  • the present invention adopts the techniques of performing encapsulation, address translation, decapsulation, etc., so that anycast packet P has the advantage of unicast, and at the same time realizes efficient implementation of optimal group members in all ASs. select.
  • each AR grasps the AS information in its V-hop autonomous domain; V can be controlled within 4 or 5, so that each AR knows certain information, then all ARs can be connected globally. Broadcast service.
  • the record information the storage capacity of the ART routing table information is reduced to a certain extent, thereby improving the scalability of the number of anycast groups;
  • the simulation topology is taken from the real Internet topology obtained from the Route Overview project at the University of Oregon.
  • the project collects BGP tables from the backbone routers in more than 50 regions around the world and updates them daily, thus reflecting the most realistic Internet topology. Structure. Combined with IANA's division of the autonomous domain, 5939 autonomous domain connection information is extracted for simulation.
  • the shortest path of any two autonomous domains is obtained from the autonomous domain adjacency.
  • the routing strategy between the autonomous domains such as cost and distance, is not considered. Only the minimum number of hops is used as the basis for routing. The shortest result is obtained.
  • the average path is 4.03, and the longest path is 9, which is consistent with the small world nature of the Internet.
  • assign 100 anycast groups to the entire network the number of group members is evenly distributed among [1, 1000]. For each anycast group , randomly select HAS in the network and assume that other group members are also randomly distributed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not guarantee that all anycast requests are routed to the globally optimal AS.
  • P is the actual path length of the AC to the AS
  • P* is the shortest path length of all group members of the AC to anycast
  • the optimal service is defined.
  • Discover efficiency (1 ?/?* . See Figure 11 for the number of ARs in the network
  • the discovery efficiency of increasing the optimal service is increasing.
  • the anycast packet can basically find the optimal path.
  • GIA because of the partial anycast grouping, regardless of whether there is a request around the requester The members of the group, GIA directly route the anycast packet to the home domain. Therefore, the efficiency of GIA is straight, depending on the frequency of access of the anycast group address that is not commonly used. It can be seen that the efficiency of the invention is obvious in most cases. improve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une méthode de réalisation de services anycast (adressage de diffusion au premier vu) comprenant les étapes suivantes: réception d'un paquet contenant les données de demande anycast; demande de l'adresse unicast (point à point) du serveur anycast correspondant à l'adresse de destination du paquet; conversion de l'adresse de destination du paquet en adresse unicast du serveur anycast pour obtenir un deuxième paquet; et envoi du deuxième paquet au serveur anycast. L'invention porte également: sur une méthode d'envoi d'une demande anycast; sur une méthode de traitement de la réponse à la demande anycast; sur un routeur anycast; sur un serveur anycast; et surun système de réalisation de services anycast.
PCT/CN2008/073242 2007-11-30 2008-11-28 Méthode de réalisation de services anycast, méthode d'envoi de demandes anycast, et routeur anycast WO2009074077A1 (fr)

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CN101174970A (zh) * 2007-11-30 2008-05-07 华为技术有限公司 任播服务的实现方法、发送任播请求的方法、任播路由器
CN101902693B (zh) * 2010-07-21 2013-07-31 中国科学院计算技术研究所 支持节点移动的ip网络中任播的方法及系统
US9148486B2 (en) * 2011-11-22 2015-09-29 Cisco Technology, Inc. Content distribution through blind-cache instantiation
WO2014205786A1 (fr) * 2013-06-28 2014-12-31 华为技术有限公司 Procédé et appareil d'enregistrement et de mise en œuvre de service d'envoi à la cantonade, et dispositif et système de commutation
US10454758B2 (en) * 2016-08-31 2019-10-22 Nicira, Inc. Edge node cluster network redundancy and fast convergence using an underlay anycast VTEP IP
CN106507428B (zh) * 2016-10-19 2019-05-07 常熟理工学院 一种未来移动网络的数据通信方法
CN106453090B (zh) * 2016-10-19 2019-01-11 常熟理工学院 一种以数据为中心的通信方法
CN111447304B (zh) * 2020-06-17 2020-09-11 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种任播递归域名系统任播节点ip地址枚举方法和系统

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