WO2023091952A1 - Système et procédé d'administration et de mesure de traitements germicides avec gestion et commande en nuage - Google Patents

Système et procédé d'administration et de mesure de traitements germicides avec gestion et commande en nuage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023091952A1
WO2023091952A1 PCT/US2022/079967 US2022079967W WO2023091952A1 WO 2023091952 A1 WO2023091952 A1 WO 2023091952A1 US 2022079967 W US2022079967 W US 2022079967W WO 2023091952 A1 WO2023091952 A1 WO 2023091952A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
treatment
location
room
germicidal
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Application number
PCT/US2022/079967
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles E. RIGBY
Original Assignee
Rigby Charles E
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US17/530,532 external-priority patent/US20230054225A1/en
Priority claimed from US18/052,753 external-priority patent/US20230072279A1/en
Application filed by Rigby Charles E filed Critical Rigby Charles E
Publication of WO2023091952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023091952A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/18—Radiation
    • A61L9/20—Ultraviolet radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/22—Ionisation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/11—Apparatus for controlling air treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/11—Apparatus for controlling air treatment
    • A61L2209/111—Sensor means, e.g. motion, brightness, scent, contaminant sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/16—Connections to a HVAC unit

Definitions

  • the present invention is generally directed to a system and method for monitoring, measuring, and in some cases, controlling one or more components or parameters of a disinfecting or germicidal system, including but not limited to an ultraviolet (UV) light system.
  • a disinfection or germicidal chamber which may be in the form of a duct assembly, configured to disinfect or sanitize air as it flows through the chamber.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 germicidal applications of the ambient air in a room.
  • many floor and wall- mounted ultraviolet light systems have an exhaust port that is close in physical proximity to the intake port. This defect creates many untreated zones of air in a room and/or uneven sanitizing of the air in the room.
  • HVAC heating, ventilating and air conditioning
  • a central HVAC system operates to provide heat or air conditioning to an entire building and air is oftentimes exchanged more often and more efficiently in some rooms than in other rooms, for example, depending on the distance the room is from the HVAC system, the size of the room, the number of HVAC vents, etc.
  • exposure time to a UV light source is critical to the effectiveness of disinfection and sanitization, an HVAC system would likely need to cycle air multiple times before a potentially effective sanitization can occur.
  • HVAC systems often do not stay turned on and may only cycle air when a thermostat signals for heating or cooling, these systems have significant inherent flaws, at least for purposes of providing disinfecting and sanitizing capabilities.
  • the proposed system or assembly can mount to ceilings where other ductwork and electrical lines are located. Inlet and outlet vents can be spaced an optimal distance away from one another (e.g., over twenty feet apart).
  • the proposed germicidal ducting assembly may be a stand-alone device not connected to an HVAC system, can run or operate continuously regardless of whether a thermostat has triggered the need for heating or cooling, and can be disposed in a single room or multiple rooms, which is not possible for floor and wall-mounted system.
  • UVC lamp disinfection systems have a lifetime of 8,000 to 16,000 hours.
  • factors in addition to the rated lifetime of the lamp with nominal usages practices that can increase the degradation and therefore decrease the effectiveness of the UVC light source, including, for example, the number of times the light source is cycled on and off, the type of start process, e.g., preheat start, instant on start, etc.
  • the type of start process e.g., preheat start, instant on start, etc.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 pathogens is directly related to its UVC energy output. If the irradiance energy of a lamp or light source falls, it becomes less effective at destroying a pathogen, thus leaving the pathogens available to infect humans. For these, and potentially other reasons, UVC lamps are routinely replaced at some arbitrary time based on the supposition that they are no longer effective. Worse, in many cases, the UVC lamps are never changed and thus no longer perform as intended or expected.
  • UVC lamp or light source cannot be visually examined since the UVC radiation will damage the eyes. While there are some manual card-style dosimeters or electronic spectrometers that can be used to measure the energy of a lamp’ s output, these devices are expensive and must be manually placed and retrieved to obtain a reading. Instead, UVC lamps are often changed on an estimated maintenance cycle, which may not be accurate. Replacing the lamps too soon can cause unnecessary labor and expenses, while replacing the lamps too late result in an amount of time where the system was not operating effectively.
  • the distance between a surface to be disinfected and the source of the UV light has an impact on the effectiveness of the disinfection process.
  • the Inverse Square Law can be used to quantify the loss of UV energy and efficiency at longer distances from the light source.
  • rooms with similar areas and sizes are rarely, if ever identical, in that the rooms will often differ in dimensions, shapes, furnishings, shadows, angle of UV incidence, surface types and porosity, and UV reflectivity. In this manner, treatment distances and UV dosing levels may vary greatly from room to room.
  • UV sensitive paper or one-time dosimeter dots can be positioned around a room in an effort to provide an approximation of the dosing level at each position.
  • These dots or paper are often used once when the first treatment is performed, and only sporadically or not at all after the first treatment.
  • UV equipment e.g., UV light sources
  • the operator since the operator often cannot be present while the UV lamps or light sources are activated, one or more of the lamps may be completely out or not properly functioning or operating without the operator knowing.
  • dosimeter dots cannot be used to target specific pathogens.
  • the dosimeter dots change colors as the mJ/cm 2 exposure increases.
  • a dosimeter dot is designed to only indicate two or three discrete dose levels, which are often wide apart. For example, one dosimeter dot may measure 6 and 25 mJ/cm 2 , while another may measure 25, 50
  • room treatment when determined by dosimeter dots is time based and not based on actual dose level. For instance, if 20 mJ/cm 2 is desired, then an approximation of the duration time for treatment is determined from the time required to reach 25 mJ/cm 2 on a dot. This now becomes an approximation of a subjective, and often flawed, value.
  • UV energy or dosing in a room may be through the use of a traditional UV meter.
  • These are simple devices that are programmatically static and perform only one function. Operationally, technicians who deploy and set up mobile UV disinfection systems may accidentally or deliberately cut treatment time short, or they may likewise miss or ignore a room or area that has been exposed to pathogenic organisms. Even the positioning misplacement of mobile units in a room from its predetermined location will affect the treatment level. For example, if treatment time was determined by a dosimeter dot or UV meter, then placing the mobile unit in a different location than where it was during measurement negate the intended dosing plan due to the Inverse Square Law. One or all of these scenarios are possible at any time, thereby leaving rooms and areas only partially treated or not treated at all.
  • the proposed system and method may utilize the integration of one or more sensors, controllers, wired and/or wireless communications, remote or cloud-based storage and retrieval, sensor location identifiers, and notification and signaling techniques. This will, among other features and benefits, enhance UV disinfection devices and processes for optimal pathogen destruction.
  • the proposed system and method may extend the maintenance period and remove the guess work from determining the effectiveness of a UV lighting and germicidal system.
  • the proposed system and method will incorporate
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 sensors, controllers and one or more back-up or reserve UV light sources.
  • the controller, or other component(s) of the system and method may automatically activate a back-up or reserve UV light(s) and in some cases can generate a signal indicating that maintenance (e.g., replacing the lamps) is recommended or required.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention is directed to a germicidal duct assembly.
  • Other embodiments presented herein are directed to systems and/or method of conducting germicidal treatment within a room or other chamber and/or of measuring and monitoring the treatment with the use of one or more sensors, a remote management system or cloud server, and in some cases, a mobile device.
  • UV radiation is a form of radiation that is measured on the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum.
  • EM electromagnetic
  • UVA, UVB and UVC light or radiation often defined by the corresponding wavelengths measures in nanometers (nm). More specifically, UVA light or radiation is often defined as having a wavelength of approximately 315nm to 400nm; UVB light or radiation is often defined as having a wavelength of approximately 280nm to 315nam; and UVC light or radiation is often defined as having a wavelength of approximately lOOnm to 280nm.
  • UVC light or radiation is known to be an effective disinfectant for air, water and nonporous surfaces, however, in some instances, UVA and UVB can also provide effective disinfection properties.
  • the term ultraviolet or UV can include any of the UV light or radiation forms, such as UVA, UVB or UVC.
  • any one of the UV forms is mentioned herein, such as UVA, UVB or UVC, it is contemplated that the other forms may be substituted or used as well.
  • UVA is mentioned herein, this includes UVB and/or UVC unless specifically started otherwise; if UVB is mentioned herein, this includes UVA and/or UVC unless specifically stated otherwise; and if UVC is mentioned herein, this includes UVA and UVB unless specifically stated otherwise.
  • the germicidal duct assembly embodiment includes an inlet assembly, an irradiation chamber, and an outlet assembly.
  • the germicidal duct assembly can be installed in or on ceilings and operates independent of any HVAC or other system.
  • the assembly of at least one embodiment can be structured to
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 effectively provide active, localized ventilation and disinfecting / sanitizing in single room or multiple rooms.
  • the inlet assembly may include at least one flexible, semi-rigid or rigid inlet duct or tube connected at one end to the irradiation chamber and at the other end to an inlet vent.
  • a fan can be used to draw air or otherwise facilitate the flow of air into the inlet assembly and to the irradiation chamber where the air will be exposed to a germicidal source, including, but not limited to ultraviolet light emitted by one or more ultraviolet light sources.
  • multiple inlet ducts can be connected to a single irradiation chamber, such that air from multiple locations (whether in the same room or different rooms) can be directed into the irradiation chamber.
  • each of the inlet ducts can include one or more inlet fans such that air can be drawn into each of the separate inlet ducts.
  • the outlet duct may include at least one flexible, semi-rigid or rigid outlet duct or tube connected at one end to the irradiation chamber and at the other end to an outlet vent.
  • a fan can be used to facilitate the flow of air from the irradiation chamber, through the outlet duct and into the room.
  • multiple outlet ducts are connected to a common or single irradiation chamber, such that disinfected or sanitized air can be distributed to multiple locations (whether in the same room or different room).
  • each of the outlet ducts or outlet assemblies can include one or more fans such that air can be directed from the irradiation chamber through each of the outlet ducts.
  • the irradiation chamber of the at least one embodiment of the present invention comprises at least one ultraviolet light source disposed within an interior portion thereof.
  • some embodiments may include a bipolar ionization source or generator, a photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) source or generator, or other germicidal sources or air purification systems.
  • the ultraviolet light source(s) or other germicidal sources have an elongated configuration and are disposed in an oblique manner relative to a longitudinal axis of said irradiation chamber.
  • UV light sources In the case of ultraviolet light sources, this ensures that some UV light shines into or is emitted into the inlet assembly, e.g., into the inlet duct(s) and/or an optional connecting pipe, and/or into the outlet assembly. This increases the exposure time of the air as it travels through the inlet ducts to irradiation chamber and out of the outlet ducts.
  • a reflecting material or surface is provided on any one or more of the interior of the inlet duct(s), the interior of a connecting pipe, the interior of the irradiation chamber, and/or the interior of the outlet duct.
  • the reflective material or surface may include a diffusely reflective surface, thereby causing
  • the reflective material or surface acts similar to a photomultiplier or diffuser to direct the iridescence energy more evenly and widely throughout the pipe(s), duct(s) or tube(s), and may in some instances increase the iridescence energy in the pipe(s), duct(s) or tube(s).
  • the reflecting material or surface of at least one embodiment may be constructed of or otherwise include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), although other reflective or diffusing materials are contemplated.
  • the present invention is directed to or otherwise includes one or more sensors, including but not limited to a UV sensor, UV wavelength sensor, sensors of other electromagnetic wavelengths, fluid (e.g., air or water) flow rate sensors or meters, temperature sensors, time sensors (e.g., to record the total UV lamp operating hours), humidity sensors, pressure sensors, etc.
  • the one or more sensors can be communicatively connected (e.g., wired or wirelessly) to a controller or circuitry that compares the measured energy, time, fluid flow, or other measured amount with a predetermined minimum or maximum threshold amount.
  • the predetermined minimum or maximum threshold amount(s) may be defined by a user or preset by the manufacturer or operator.
  • backup or reserve UV light sources can be automatically activated or turned on in order to increase the UV energy level.
  • the active UV light sources can either remain on (and therefore continue to produce some UV light) or be disconnected when the backup or reserve lights are turned on or activated.
  • the sensors and system can then continue to monitor the UV energy output level to determine if or when additional maintenance (e.g., replacing the light sources or lamps) is needed or if available, additional backup or reserve lights are activated.
  • one or more light emitting diode(s), LED(s), indicator lamp(s) or display(s) can be installed or mounted on the system or in a separate remote location to indicate the current UV energy or dose level, when maintenance is required or recommended, or the general status of the system.
  • the system and method of at least one embodiment can provide for continuous, effective disinfection of pathogens by maintaining desired UV energy, dosing or other levels. It also extends the need to replace lamps by having an automated backup lamp system that can provide for visual or audible indication that the lamps are nearing the end of their life cycle.
  • One or more reports can also be generated providing information as to various aspects of the system and method of at least one embodiment
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 information and/or data pertaining to the UV lamps, such as, the total output time (e.g., the total time the UV lamps have been on), output levels, time schedules, etc.
  • a cloud-based or remote management system communicative with the one or more controllers may also be implemented.
  • the sensor(s) may measure energy or dose levels of UV in the treatment chamber (or other parameters as indicated herein) and communicate those measurements along with an identifier, for example, to the remote management system.
  • the identifier is location-specific (or otherwise unique to a particular location) and can be used to report the precise location of the sensor in the treatment chamber or room.
  • User-defined or manufacturer-defined minimum and/or maximum parameters may be entered into or stored by the cloud / remote management system or locally (e.g., at the controller) via a human machine interface.
  • an action e.g., a corrective action, non-corrective action, notification, etc.
  • an action may be taken, either automatically or manually, by the controller, remote management system, a data or email server, or other connected device.
  • exceeding the maximum dose level for a particular location could mean that the treatment overexposes furniture, equipment, etc., which can discolor or breakdown materials.
  • the time used to overdose a location or room takes way time that could be used to treat other rooms or locations. In other words, overdosing can reduce the disinfection productivity of a technician or of the equipment used for the treatment.
  • the action taken may be corrective to bring a parameter back into compliance with the threshold setting (e.g., increasing air flow through a fan, decreasing air flow through a fan, increasing UV output, decreasing UV output, etc.) and/or the action taken can be a message, signal, notification, alert (audible and/or visible), etc.
  • the threshold setting e.g., increasing air flow through a fan, decreasing air flow through a fan, increasing UV output, decreasing UV output, etc.
  • the action taken can be a message, signal, notification, alert (audible and/or visible), etc.
  • the one or more sensors or controllers of at least one embodiment may be placed in either a fixed location of a room or chamber, or may be moved from room to room, building to building or location to location.
  • each sensor may have a defined location regardless if the sensor is fixed or movable.
  • unique identifier e.g., serial number, unique ID
  • the sensor is fixed to a location and activated, the sensor’s unique identifier (e.g., serial number, unique ID) may be used and transmitted to the remote management system for tracking the data obtained or measured by the sensor.
  • a location-specific identifier may be used to identify the location of the sensor during measurement times (e.g., during the germicidal or UV treatment session).
  • specific location identifiers can be generated or obtained by quick response codes (QR codes), bar codes, RFIDs, or other machine readable codes.
  • QR codes quick response codes
  • bar codes e.g., bar codes
  • RFIDs e.g., RFIDs
  • machine-readable code e.g., bar codes
  • RFIDs e.g., RFIDs
  • the machine-readable code at or associated with the new location is scanned or read, and the location specific identifier obtained therefrom is used or communicated with the measurements recorded in order to identify where the measurements were recorded.
  • placement location of the UV source is not an issue with the use of the sensors and controllers of at least one embodiment of the present invention. For instance, if a specific dose was estimated by a dosimeter dot when the UV source was in a first location, then if the UV source is placed in a second, different location during the treatment session or during the next treatment session, the energy or dose levels around the room will be altered and not at the desired dosing level.
  • controller and sensors of at least one embodiment of the present invention if the specific minimum dose is entered into the database or HMI for an exact room and location, the sensor will measure and report the real-time dose it receives, regardless of a change in the UV source’s location. User defined and/or predetermined actions can then be taken, if necessary and in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • cloud-based control has a number of benefits and functions that is not found in other stand-alone UV systems and devices.
  • cloud-control using the remote management system described herein can allow immediate response to (1) a local, regional or global pathogen crises, (2) pathogens that are endemic to specific geographic regions, or (3) even when a different pathogen treatment is needed between patient changeovers in a hospital room, for example.
  • a managing user at a hospital or nursing home could change a room’s dose to one level after a COVID patient leaves, and then change it again if the next patient had tuberculosis, and so on.
  • the controller or sensor of at least one embodiment may be able to download or otherwise receive from the remote management system each new dose level or other parameter or threshold when the next UV treatment is started, and then take any appropriate action, if necessary, for example, if the treatment was inadequate.
  • the remote management system or cloud server could include a list of pathogens with their minimum lethal UV dose. A user could simply
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 select the pathogen or pathogens to be treated and the management system would communicate the appropriate dose to the controller(s).
  • the controlled s), sensor(s) and/or management system along with the communication architecture therebetween may operate autonomously. In other words, their function may not depend on any other device(s).
  • the system and method of at least one embodiment may be used in a universal manner with any manufacturers’ UV surface or air treatment devices.
  • Certain embodiments of the invention can, however, manage other devices, such as, an external relay connected to the controller that may be used to turn off power to connected UV sources, for example, once a minimum UV dose threshold has been reached.
  • the thresholds or parameters of multiple sensors can be used to collectively determine when power should be disconnected to a light source, such as a UV lamp, a fan, or other component(s).
  • any third-party UV device’s controls may be possible.
  • robotic UV floor units are often programmed to move from one location to the next after each defined treatment duration. This movement is time schedule based and occurs regardless of whether a lethal UV dose has been applied in all areas.
  • a command could be issued by the controller or management system to the robot to move to the next location.
  • FIG. 1 A is an elevation view of the germicidal duct assembly as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. IB is an exploded view of the germicidal duct assembly illustrated in FIG. 1 A.
  • FIG. 2A is an elevation view of the germicidal duct assembly as disclosed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is an exploded view of the germicidal duct assembly illustrated in FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3 A is an exploded perspective view of the inlet vent, inlet fan and a portion of the inlet duct as disclosed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B is another exploded perspective view of the inlet vent, inlet fan and a portion of the inlet duct as disclosed in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the fan mount as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4B is another perspective view of the fan mount illustrated in FIG. 4A.
  • FIG. 4C is an elevation view of the fan mount illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view of the outlet assembly and coupler as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cut-away, perspective view of the irradiation chamber as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view from the second end of the irradiation chamber with one UV light source, as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B is a perspective view from the first end of the irradiation chamber shown in FIG. 7A.
  • FIG. 7C is an end view of the irradiation chamber with one UV light source as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an end view of the irradiation chamber of another embodiment with three UV light sources.
  • FIG. 9A is a perspective view of the irradiation chamber of another embodiment with a plurality of UV light sources.
  • FIG. 9B is a cut-away view of the irradiation chamber of at least one embodiment with four UV light sources.
  • FIG. 9C is a side and partial cut-away view of the irradiation chamber illustrated in FIG. 9B.
  • FIG. 9D is an end view of the irradiation chamber illustrated in FIGS. 9B and 9C.
  • FIG. 10A is a perspective view of the irradiation chamber of yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10B is a cut away view of the irradiation chamber illustrated in FIG. 10A.
  • FIG. 10C is an end view of the irradiation chamber illustrated in FIGS. 10A and 10B.
  • FIG. 11A is a partial cut-away view of the connecting pipe illustrating a reflective surface or material disposed therein in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 IB is a partial cut-away view of the inlet duct illustrating a reflective surface or material disposed therein in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11C is a partial cut-away view of the irradiation chamber illustrating a reflective surface or material disposed therein in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 ID is a partial cut-away view of the outlet duct illustrating a reflective surface or material disposed therein in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12A is an end view of the irradiation chamber of at least one embodiment of the present invention illustrating one UV light source, a sensor and a controller.
  • FIG 12B is a perspective view of the irradiation chamber of at least one embodiment of the present invention illustrating a plurality of UV light sources, at least one sensor and at least one controller.
  • FIG. 13 is a high level flow chart illustrating the method of managing, monitoring and controlling a UV light system as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14A is an exemplary view of a human-machine interface for the system and method for managing, monitoring and controlling a UV light system and UV energy output as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14B is another exemplary view of a human-machine interface for the system and method for managing, monitoring and controlling a UV light system and UV energy output as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14C is another exemplary view of a human-machine interface for the system and method for managing, monitoring and controlling a UV light system and UV energy output as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14D is yet another exemplary view of a human-machine interface for the system and method for managing, monitoring and controlling a UV light system and UV energy output as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the system for detecting and measuring germicidal treatment of a treatment chamber as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16A is a block diagram of the remote management system as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16B is a block diagram of the controller and sensor as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a high-level flow chart of the method for detecting and measuring germicidal treatment of a treatment chamber as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18A is an exemplary illustration of the sensor and controller as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18B is another view of the controller as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18C is yet another view of the controller as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a floorplan view of an exemplary treatment chamber with a UV source and a plurality of sensors and controllers disposed throughout.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective floorplan view of another exemplary treatment chamber with a UV source and a plurality of sensors and controllers disposed throughout.
  • FIG. 21 is a floorplan view of further exemplary treatment chambers as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22A is a schematic of an exemplary screenshot of a management backend tool as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22B is a schematic of an exemplary screenshot of a management backend tool showing a list of pathogens as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22C is a schematic of an exemplary screenshot of a management backend tool showing a list of cloud-registered sensors as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22D is a schematic of an exemplary screenshot of a management backend tool showing a list of sensors assigned to rooms as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22E is a schematic of an exemplary screenshot of a management backend tool where sensor information can be edited as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22F is a schematic of an exemplary screenshot of a management backend tool graphically illustrating analytics as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method of at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24A is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a sign up screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24B is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a sign in screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24C is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a profile screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24D is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing several actions available in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24E is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a scan room QR code screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24F is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a set up room screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24G is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a scan location QR code in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24H is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a scan sensor QR code screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 241 is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a scan location QR code screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24J is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a scan sensor QR code screen in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIG. 24K is an exemplary screenshot of a mobile application and mobile device showing a dashboard in accordance with at least one embodiment.
  • FIGS. 25A and 25B collectively illustrate an exemplary database schema as disclosed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention is generally directed to a disinfecting or germicidal duct assembly referenced as 10.
  • Other embodiments disclosed herein, and referenced below for example in Figures 13 through 20, are directed to systems 200, 400 and methods 300, 500 for detecting and measuring germicidal treatment of a treatment chamber, which may include one or more rooms of a house, building or other structure.
  • the duct assembly 10 of certain embodiments of the present invention is a stand-alone, independent or local system that uses a germicidal source, such as, for example ultraviolet (UV) light, including but not limited to short-wave ultraviolet light (often referred to as UVC light) or light having a wavelength in the range of approximately lOOnm to 280nm, to disinfect or sanitize air as the air flows through the assembly 10 and is exposed to the UV light.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • UVC light short-wave ultraviolet light
  • the assembly 10 of at least one embodiment is not part of or connected to a standard heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system, but rather operates, creates a flow of air and disinfects on its own and independent of any HVAC or other external systems.
  • HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning
  • the germicidal or disinfecting source(s) may include bipolar ionization sources, generators or other technology. More in particular, bipolar ionization sources put positive and negative ions into the air that can then be distributed into one or more rooms in connection with the duct assembly of the present invention. The ions can then kill or inactivate bacteria, viruses, mold, volatile organic compounds (VOC), odors, and cause minute particles in the air to coalesce into larger particles that can be caught by an air filter.
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • other germicidal or disinfecting sources that can be used may include photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) sources or generators, for example.
  • PCO photocatalytic oxidation
  • the duct assembly 10 of at least one embodiment of the present invention is intended to be installed or mounted overhead, for example, above or within a drop ceiling, as generally referenced as 12 in Figures 1A and 2A (e.g., in a classroom, office, senior care home, etc.) or on or in open ceilings (e.g., often found in retail stores, restaurants, warehouses, manufacturing plants, etc.).
  • the disinfecting duct assembly 10 of at least one embodiment includes an inlet assembly 20, an irradiation chamber 40, and an outlet assembly 60.
  • air for example, from a room in a building, home or other structure
  • air flows or is drawn into the inlet assembly 20, as shown by reference arrow Al, through the irradiation chamber 40, and out of the outlet assembly 60, as shown by reference arrow A2 (for example, back into the same room or into a different room.)
  • One or more disinfecting or germicidal sources such as, for example, a germicidal light sources is/are disposed within the irradiation chamber 40, such that, as the air flows through the irradiation chamber 40, the air is exposed to the disinfecting or germicidal source, such as
  • the disinfecting duct assembly 10 of at least one embodiment may be disposed in a single room (e.g., such that air from the room will flow into the assembly 10 and back into the same room) or span across multiple rooms (such that air from one or more rooms will flow into the assembly 10 and out into one or more different rooms).
  • the irradiation chamber 40 of at least one embodiment includes a first end 40a connected to the inlet assembly 20 and a second end 40b connected to the outlet assembly 60.
  • the inlet assembly 20, irradiation chamber 40 and outlet assembly 60 collectively define an interior pathway through which the air is able to flow.
  • the irradiation chamber 40 may be constructed of an elongated, cylindrical pipe or rectangular duct, such as, but not limited to a galvanized steel round pipe or rectangular duct.
  • the irradiation chamber 40 may be twenty-four to sixty inches in length and have a twelve inch diameter, although other shapes, sizes and materials are contemplated within the full spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • the inlet assembly 20 of at least one embodiment includes one or more inlet ducts 25 constructed out of or otherwise including one or more flexible, semi-rigid or rigid ducts, pipes, or tubes (e.g., a standard HVAC duct) and can include an inlet vent 22 or opening at an inlet end 20a thereof.
  • the inlet duct(s) 25 may be a six inch diameter flexible round duct, although other sizes, shapes and materials are contemplated.
  • the inlet duct(s) 25 may be flexible and therefore easily positionable or movable, while in other embodiments, the inlet duct(s) 25 may be rigid or semi-rigid.
  • a coupler such as an end cap, reducer or increaser can be used or disposed at the first end 40a of the irradiation chamber 40 to facilitate connection between the inlet assembly 20 and the irradiation chamber 40.
  • a coupler 42a or increaser may be needed such that one end of the coupler 42a is sized and configured to connect to the inlet assembly 20 and the other end of the coupler 42a is sized and configured to connect to the irradiation chamber 40.
  • the inlet assembly 20 can include a plurality of inlet ducts 25 each having separate inlet vents 22 and each connected to or independently communicative with the irradiation chamber 40.
  • the single inlet ducts 25 each having separate inlet vents 22 and each connected to or independently communicative with the irradiation chamber 40.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 end of a “Y” shaped connector can connect to the first end 40a of the irradiation chamber 40 such that two (or more) separate inlet ducts 25 can connect to the irradiation chamber 40, thereby allowing air from two (or more) separate locations (either in the same room or different rooms) to enter into the same irradiation chamber 40.
  • the inlet assembly 20 of at least one embodiment includes an inlet fan 30 structured and configured to draw air into or otherwise facilitate the flow of air into the inlet assembly 20.
  • the inlet fan 30 may be mounted to the inlet vent 22 with a mounting bracket 32. In this manner, air will be drawn through the opening(s) 23 of vent 22 by the fan 30 and pass or flow through the inlet assembly 20 to the irradiation chamber 40.
  • the mounting bracket 32 may attach to a rod 35 which extends from the vent 22. Mounting holes or slots in the bracket can then be used to mount the fan 30 thereto.
  • the inlet fan 30 can be connected to the assembly 10 along virtually any portion of the inlet assembly 20 for facilitating the flow of air into the inlet assembly 20 as provided in accordance with a number of embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the outlet assembly 60 of some embodiments may include one or more outlet fans 70.
  • the outlet fan(s) 70 may be large enough or powerful enough to draw air into the inlet assembly 20 such that additional inlet fan(s) 30 may not be necessary.
  • the outlet assembly 60 of at least one embodiment includes one or more outlet ducts 65 constructed out of or otherwise including one or more flexible or rigid ducts, pipes, or tubes (e.g., a standard HVAC duct) and can include an outlet vent 62 or opening at an outlet end 60B.
  • the outlet duct(s) 65 may be a six inch diameter flexible round duct, although other sizes, shapes and materials are contemplated.
  • the outlet duct(s) 65 of some embodiments may be flexible and therefore easily positionable or movable, while in other embodiments, the outlet duct(s) 65 may be rigid or semi-rigid.
  • a coupler such as an end cap, reducer or increaser can be used or disposed at the second end 40b of the irradiation chamber 40 to facilitate connection between the outlet assembly 60 and the irradiation chamber 40.
  • a coupler 42b or reducer may be needed such that one end of the coupler 42b is sized and
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 configured to connect to the irradiation chamber 40 and the other end of the coupler 42b is sized and configured to connect to the outlet assembly 60.
  • the outlet assembly 60 can include a plurality of outlet ducts 65 each having separate outlet vents 62 and each connected to or independently communicative with the irradiation chamber 40.
  • the single end of a “Y” shaped connector can connect to the second end 40b of the irradiation chamber 40 such that two (or more) separate outlet ducts 65 can connect to the irradiation chamber 40, thereby allowing disinfected air to flow out of the irradiation chamber 40 and into two or more separate locations (either in the same room or different rooms).
  • the outlet assembly 60 of at least one embodiment includes an outlet fan 70 structured and configured to facilitate the flow of air out of the irradiation chamber 40 and/or out of the outlet assembly 60.
  • the outlet fan 70 may be mounted proximate the second end 40b of the irradiation chamber, for example, to or within coupler 40b which extends from or is otherwise attached to the irradiation chamber 40. In this manner, disinfected air will flow out of the irradiation chamber 40 via the fan 70 and through the opening(s) 63 of vent 62.
  • the outlet assembly 60 may not need or have an outlet fan 70.
  • the inlet assembly 20 of some embodiments may include one or more inlet fans 30.
  • the inlet fan(s) 30 may be large enough or powerful enough to draw air into the inlet assembly 20 and direct the air through the irradiation chamber 40 and out of the outlet assembly 60 such that additional outlet fan(s) 70 may not be necessary.
  • the germicidal duct assembly 10 of at least one embodiment includes at least one fan 30, 70 disposed in or proximate the inlet assembly 20 (e.g., an inlet fan 30) and/or disposed in or proximate the outlet assembly 60 (e.g., an outlet fan 70).
  • the inlet assembly 20 e.g., an inlet fan 30
  • the outlet assembly 60 e.g., an outlet fan 70
  • the irradiation chamber 40 of at least one embodiment includes at least one disinfecting or germicidal source, such as a disinfecting or germicidal light source 50 disposed therein.
  • the disinfecting or germicidal light source 50 of at least one embodiment is a light bulb, light tube, light emitting diode (LED) light or other structure that emits germicidal ultraviolet light.
  • the disinfecting or germicidal light source 50 is structured to emit short wavelength ultraviolet light (UVC light) or light having a wavelength in the range of approximately lOOnm to 280nm, although light having other wavelengths may be used.
  • UVC light short wavelength ultraviolet light
  • the disinfecting or germicidal light source 50 of at least one embodiment may be mounted to an inside surface of one of the couplers 42a, 42b and extend inward through at least a portion of the irradiation chamber 40.
  • one or more mounting holes may be provided in coupler 42b, to which a light socket 52 can be mounted.
  • the light source or bulb 50 can then connect or mount to the socket 52 and extend within the irradiation chamber 40.
  • a support mount 54 may be secured to the opposing end of the light source 50, as shown in Figure 6, for example.
  • the support mount 54 may be attached or mounted to an inside surface of the irradiation chamber 40, to the first coupler 42a or other location spaced a distance from the socket 52.
  • the light source(s) 50 include(s) an elongated configuration (e.g., as shown in Figure 6, and can extend at least substantially along the length of the irradiation chamber 40. More specifically, the light source(s) 50 may begin at or near one coupler 42b and extend into and through the irradiation chamber 40 to the other coupler 42a or proximate the other coupler 42a, for example, at first end 40a of the irradiation chamber 40. In particular, in some cases, as shown in Figure 6, the end or support mount 54 may connect to the inside surface of the irradiation chamber 40 proximate the first end 40a thereof.
  • the one or more light sources 50 of at least one embodiment is/are disposed in an oblique, staggered or angled manner relative to a longitudinal axis 45 of the irradiation chamber 40.
  • the irradiation chamber 40 comprises a tube-like configuration defined as a cylinder with opposing ends, such as first end 40a and second end 40b.
  • a longitudinal axis 45 is defined as extending longitudinally through the center of the chamber 40, as illustrated.
  • the oblique disposition of the one or more light sources 50 is such that the elongated light sources is/are not parallel to the longitudinal axis 45 of the irradiation chamber 40.
  • This angular, staggered or oblique positioning of the light source(s) 50 allows the emitted germicidal ultraviolet light to shine or travel at least partially into the inlet assembly 20.
  • the air that travels or flows through the assembly 10 of at least one embodiment of the present invention may be exposed to the germicidal ultraviolet light prior to entering or flowing into the irradiation chamber 40, as well as while the air is in the irradiation chamber 40. This provides additional exposure time to the air that flows through the assembly 10 of certain embodiments of the present invention.
  • the irradiation chamber 40 of at least one embodiment is shown along with the longitudinal axis 45 and a single light source 50 disposed therein.
  • additional light source(s) 50 can be included to give
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 more disinfecting or germicidal power.
  • UV energy or power may need to be increased by increasing the number of light sources 50 disposed in the irradiation chamber 40.
  • the light source 50 spans through the irradiation chamber 40 and crosses from one internal side of the chamber 40 to the other, and is therefore disposed in an oblique manner and not parallel to the axis 45.
  • Figure 7A shows and end perspective view from second end 40a of the irradiation chamber 40 with the light source 50 connected to a top or upper end 41a of the irradiation chamber 40.
  • Figure 7B shows the same irradiation chamber 40 in a perspective view from the first end 40a illustrating the light source is connected to or extends to an opposite or lower side 41b of the irradiation chamber 40.
  • Figure 8 shows an end view of the irradiation chamber 40 of at least one embodiment with three light sources 50 disposed therein.
  • the three light sources 50 are disposed in an oblique or angled manner relative to each other and relative to the longitudinal axis 45.
  • each of the three light sources 50 also extend through the longitudinal axis 45 such that in the end view (as shown in Figure 45) the light sources 50 are symmetrically disposed, although the light sources 50 do not collide or contact one another.
  • Figures 9A through 9D illustrate another embodiment of the irradiation chamber 40, this time with four light sources 50 disposed in an oblique, staggered or angled manner therein. More specifically, Figures 9B and 9C illustrate partial cut-away views of the irradiation chamber 40 showing how the various light sources 50 are angularly disposed or obliquely disposed relative to one another and relative to a longitudinal axis 45 without the light sources 50 colliding with one another. When viewed from the end, such as in Figure 9D, the light sources 50 appear symmetrically positioned.
  • the oblique or staggered light source arrangement allows the lights to be staggered in the chamber 40 to achieve a symmetrical axis view without the light sources 50 colliding in the middle.
  • This can be scalable by increasing the chamber length to hold more light sources and to add to the axial light density.
  • the chamber diameter can also be increased thereby increasing the light tube angle therein.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 exposure time to the ultraviolet light as the air passes from the inlet assembly 20 to the outlet assembly 60.
  • Figures 10A, 10B and IOC illustrate yet another embodiment of the irradiation chamber 40 of the present invention, showing a rectangular irradiation chamber 40, or otherwise, an irradiation chamber 40 with a rectangular cross-section.
  • the plurality of light sources 50 are shown as being disposed in an oblique orientation relative to the longitudinal axis 45 of the chamber 40.
  • each light source 50 spans from one end (e.g., a top 41a or bottom end) of the chamber 40 to the other opposite end of the chamber 40.
  • the light sources 50 may be arranged from side-to-side, or in another oblique or staggered arrangement.
  • the inlet assembly 20 of at least one embodiment of the present invention may include an optional connection pipe or duct 125 disposed between the irradiation chamber 40 and the flexible inlet duct(s) 25.
  • the connection pipe or duct 125 may be constructed of an elongated, cylindrical pipe or rectangular duct, such as, but not limited to a galvanized steel round duct pipe or rectangular duct.
  • the connection pipe 125 may be twenty to forty eight inches in length and have an eight or ten inch diameter, although other shapes, sizes and materials are contemplated.
  • couplers such as increasers or reducers may be needed, as described above, to facilitate interconnection there between.
  • connection pipe or ducts 125 can be used as a pre-exposure chamber such that the germicidal light from the light source(s) 50 of the irradiation chamber 40 may shine or travel into the connection pipe or duct 125, thereby exposing the air to the germicidal UV light prior to the air reaching to or travelling through the irradiation chamber 40.
  • connection pipe 125 may include a light reflecting material or surface 27 disposed thereon.
  • Figures 1 IB, 11C and 1 ID are provided to also illustrate that, in some embodiment, the light reflecting material or surface 27 may be disposed on all of some of the interior surfaces of the inlet duct(s) 25 (e.g., Figure 11B), the irradiation chamber 40 (e.g., Figure 11C) and/or the outlet duct(s) 65 (e.g., Figure 11D).
  • the light reflecting material or surface 27 may be included on the interior surface of any one of the connection duct/pipe 125, inlet duct(s) 25, irradiation chamber 40, or outlet duct(s) 65, each one of the connection duct/pipe 125, inlet duct(s) 25, irradiation chamber 40, and outlet duct(s)
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 65 or a combination of two or more of the connection duct/pipe 125, inlet duct(s) 25, irradiation chamber 40, and/or outlet duct(s) 65.
  • the light reflecting material or surface 125 of at least one embodiment is structured to be highly reflective and capable of facilitating the germicidal or disinfecting light emitted from the light source(s) 50 to reflect and travel through the inlet duct(s) 25, the connecting pipe or duct 125, the irradiation chamber 40 and/or the outlet duct(s) 65.
  • the reflective material or surface 27 may, in some embodiments be disposed on a portion of or the entire inside surface of the connection duct/pipe 125, inlet duct(s) 25, irradiation chamber 40, and/or outlet duct(s) 65.
  • the reflective material or surface 27 may include a diffusely reflective surface, thereby causing Lambertian reflectance which is the property that defines an ideal matte or diffusely reflective surface and is named after Johann Heinrich Lambert who introduced the concept of perfect diffusion.
  • the reflective material or surface 27 acts similar to a photomultiplier to direct the iridescence energy more evenly and widely throughout the pipe(s), duct(s) or tube(s), and may in some instances increase the iridescence energy in the pipe(s), duct(s) or tube(s).
  • the Lambertian reflectance of the interior surface(s) of either one or more of the connection duct/pipe 125, inlet duct(s) 25, irradiation chamber 40, and/or outlet duct(s) 65 can be near 90% to 97%.
  • the reflecting material or surface may be constructed of or otherwise include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), although other reflective or diffusing materials are contemplated.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • one such reflective material or surface is the POREX® VIRTEK® PTFE material provided by POREX FILTRATION GROUP®.
  • mounting holes may be formed within the coupler 42b in order to mount the lamp socket(s) 52, an electronic ballast, and a fan power supply. Additional holes 43 can be used to route an AC electrical connection (not shown) to provide power to the light source(s), fan(s) and any one or more sensor(s) described below.
  • the inlet fan 30 can be powered by a power line running through the irradiation chamber 40 and down the inside of the inlet duct(s) 25. Other manners of powering the light source(s) 50, fan(s), sensor(s), etc. are contemplated within the full spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • Yet another embodiment of the present invention includes one or more ultraviolet or UV sensors 210 and a controller 220 to automatically, or in response to human input, control the light output of one or more of the light source(s).
  • the controller 220 may include various control logic, electrical relays and other components and circuits that are structured and
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 configured to operate the system or method of at least one embodiment as described below.
  • a human-machine interface HMI may be included to provide information (e.g., as determined by the one or more sensors) to a user and to provide controls to the user to enter data, upper or lower energy or dosage limits, etc.
  • the UV sensor(s) 210, controller(s) 220 and/or interface described herein can be implemented and operable in connection with the germicidal duct assembly 10, while in other cases, the UV sensors, controller(s) and/or interface can be implemented independent of the germicidal duct assembly 10.
  • the present application discloses a UV controlling system and method, using the UV sensor(s) and controller(s) described herein, which may be implemented with the presently described germicidal duct assembly 10 or with other UV systems (separate and apart from the germicidal duct assembly 10) now known or later developed.
  • the system 200 of at least one embodiment includes at least one disinfecting or germicidal light source 250 (e.g., as shown in Figure 12A) or a plurality of disinfecting or germicidal light sources 250a, 250b, 250c 250d, which is/are structured to emit germicidal or disinfecting light such as ultraviolet (UV) light, and in some instance, short-wave ultraviolet light (often referred to as UVC light) or light having a wavelength in the range of approximately lOOnm to 280nm.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • UVC light short-wave ultraviolet light
  • These lights 250, 250a-d and system 200 can be used in connection with the germicidal duct assembly 10 disclosed herein such that the lights 250, 250a-d extend into an irradiation chamber 40 where a flow of air is exposed to the lights.
  • the system 200 and lights 250, 250a-d can be used with virtually any germicidal or disinfecting product configured to disinfect air or items exposed to the light.
  • the system 200 also includes one or more sensors, referenced as 210, and one or more controllers, referenced as 220.
  • the sensor(s) 210 can be any ultraviolet light sensors or shortwave ultraviolet light (UVC) sensors that are exposed to the light emitted by the one or more light sources 250, 250a-d.
  • the sensor(s) 210 can be communicatively connected to the controller 220 as well as a power supply (not shown).
  • the controller 220 may be mounted virtually anywhere in the system 200, for example, on or within the chamber 40, coupler 42b, internally or externally to the system, locally or remotely to the system 220, etc.
  • the sensor(s) 210 of at least one embodiment are structured and configured to measure or monitor the energy level of the UV light(s) within the chamber or of the UV lighting product or system. In other embodiments, the one or more sensors 210 may monitor
  • the one or more sensors 210 as disclosed and as used herein may include, but are certainly not limited to, an air flow sensor, an ultraviolet wavelength sensor, a temperature sensor or thermometer, a timer, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, dosage sensor, etc.
  • the system 200, 400 and/or method 300, 500 of at least one embodiment will initiate corrective or other actions, such as, activating an inactive UV light source 250a-d to raise the UV energy level output, increasing or decreasing a fan speed to increase or decrease air flow, raise or lower the ambient temperature within the treatment chamber, generate a warning message or notification, etc.
  • the system 200 of at least one embodiment includes at least one active germicidal or UV light source (e.g., 250a) and at least one back-up or reserve germicidal or UV light source (e.g., 250b, 250c, 250d).
  • the back-up or reserve germicidal or UV light source(s) 250b, 250c, 250d are at least initially inactive or otherwise turned off and not emitting UV light. It is contemplated that, in some cases, the back-up or reserve germicidal or UV light source(s) can be configured to emit a small amount of light when in the deactivated state.
  • the sensor(s) 210 of at least one exemplary embodiment are configured to monitor the output energy or UV energy of a UV disinfecting or germicidal system. In many cases, less than all of the UV lights are active (e.g., 250a) at one time, leaving the other lights (e.g., 250b, 250c, 250d) off or inactive.
  • the controller 220 or control logic therein will determine, based on the information or data provided by the sensor(s) 210, whether the energy level emitted by the UV lights is at or below a predetermine threshold or treatment parameter. If it is not, then the sensor(s) 210 continue to monitor the energy level, dosage level, etc. with no change.
  • the controller 220 of at least one embodiment will activate one or more of the back-up or reserve UV lights (e.g., 250b, 250c, 250d). In that case, the back-up or reserve UV lights will then be converted to active UV lights thereby emitting a high UV energy level. In some cases, the previous active
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 light may be completely deactivated or turned off, while in other cases, it may be left to continue to emit UV energy, if any.
  • the system or controller 220 may activate an electrical relay or circuit path that will power one or more of the back-up or reserve UV light(s) 250b, 250c, 250d.
  • the back-up or reserve UV lights activated, the energy level in the chamber or otherwise emitted by the system 200 will increase to an operable level.
  • the cycle then repeats itself until the last reserve UV light(s) in the irradiation or treatment chamber or system have reached or fallen below the lower threshold level. For instance, with reference to 308 in Figure 13, if, after activating one or more reserve UV lights, there are still some remaining reserve UV lights that have not been activated, then the process or method 300 will continue to monitor the UV energy level, as above. If, on the other hand, there are not any more reserve UV lights to activate when or if the energy reaches or falls below the lower limit, then, as shown at 310, the method 300 of at least one embodiment will signal (e.g., audibly or visually) that the system needs or requires maintenance.
  • the method 300 of at least one embodiment will signal (e.g., audibly or visually) that the system needs or requires maintenance.
  • an interface 240 which can be communicatively connected to the controller 220 and/or sensor(s) 210, and which can signal to a user that maintenance of the UV system may be needed.
  • an interface 240 can be communicatively connected to the controller 220 and/or sensor(s) 210, and which can signal to a user that maintenance of the UV system may be needed.
  • separate indicate lamps or light emitting diodes, LEDs can be installed on or in the system to indicate that all of the UV lights have been activated and maintenance is required or recommended. Accordingly, the degraded UV lights can then be replaced with new or replacement UV lights and the method 300 can repeat itself.
  • Figures 14A and 14B show an exemplary login and password screen.
  • a user may set or define the lower level or lower limit value for the UV or UVC energy in the chamber of system 200 as measured by the sensor(s) 210, which may be uW/cm 2 or mW/cm 2
  • the low value or lower limit would typically be the minimum amount of energy within the irradiation chamber 40 or system 200 that would provide a desired level of disinfection of the air passing there through.
  • the lower level or limit may vary from one application or implementation to another. For instance, each bacteria and virus has its own level of energy required to kill it or make it inactive. That level can also vary depending on
  • UV energy at the treatment point is a key variable in the equation.
  • the controller will automatically activate a previously inactive UV light source when the energy level drops to or below the defined lower limit or threshold. In this manner, the system and method of at least one embodiment allows for monitoring the energy level of the system and maintaining a minimum predetermined level of irradiance energy without human intervention.
  • the interface 260 can display the current measured energy level or irradiation level of the system 200 as measured by the one or more sensors 210. Additional information that can be displayed and provided by the system or interface 260 can include, for example, identification of the specific UV lights that are active or operating, an identification of the specific UV lights that have reached or passed the minimum threshold or lower limit referenced above, air flow rate (e.g., if an airflow rate sensor is included), a calculation of Fluence value (e.g., “Dosing” level) measured as uJ/cm 2 or mJ/cm 2 ), etc. The calculation of Fluence/Dosing is based upon the irradiation energy at a specific treatment distance and the duration of the treatment.
  • duration of the pathogen exposure in seconds, would be calculated from the volume of the chamber (V), for example in cubic-feet (which can be entered or programmed into the interface by the user), the air flow rate (R), for example in cubic-feet per second, and the resultant time (T), for example in seconds required for an sir segment to pass through the chamber. If no air flow meter is installed, then the cumulative flow rate of the fans on the inlet side of the assembly would be used. Fluence/Dosing (D) is then calculated from the UVC Irradiance (I) and the exposure duration (T).
  • a cloud-based or remote management system 420 is included, which allows for remote storage, management and control of various features and functions, as provided herein. More in particular, the remote management system 420 may be communicative with one or
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 more controllers 220 via one or more communication or computer networks 15. Multiple modes of communication may be implemented such that the management system 420 and controller(s) 220 can communicate over one or more data networks, telecommunication networks or virtually any communication network within the full spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • the network or communication channel 15 may be defined as one or more telecommunication networks, including for example, wireless mobile telecommunications technology (e.g., third generation or 3G networks, fourth generation or 4G networks, fifth generation or 5G networks, long-term evolution or LTE networks, etc.), as well as computer networks, the Internet or world wide web, global telex networks, data or TCP/IP networks, such as Wide Area Networks (WAN), Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), Internet Area Networks (IAN), etc.
  • WAN Wide Area Networks
  • MAN Metropolitan Area Networks
  • LAN Local Area Networks
  • IAN Internet Area Networks
  • the management system 420 and the controller(s) 220 of at least one embodiment each includes a processor, memory, a data storage device, and one or more communication modules, among other components.
  • the management system 420 may but need not necessarily operate as or be implemented as a server or cloud-based server, and may include virtually any one or more computing devices such as a web or other server, desktop or laptop computer, mobile device, etc.
  • the controlled s) 220 as used herein may include any computing device that includes one or more processors, microprocessors, microcontrollers, single-board or multiboard computers, etc.
  • the processor 422a of the management device 420 includes any device cooperatively structured to execute or implement computer instructions, software, etc., including, for example, the various features and components as described in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the memory device 422b may include but is not limited to random access memory (RAM) or other like devices configured to implement the present invention in the intended manner, for example, by storing and assisting with the execution of one or more applications, modules, or components capable of implementing the features as described herein.
  • the processor and memory can be combined to a single microcontroller as is known in the art.
  • the data storage device 422c may include a hard disk drive, solid state drive, virtual drive, could-based storage drive, or other types of volatile or non-volatile memory. It should be noted that non-transitory computer readable media includes all computer-readable media except for a transitory, propagating signal.
  • the one or more communication modules 422d includes one or more modules implemented in hardware and/or software adapted to
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 communicate a signal, message, or data communication via the network(s) 15, for example, to/from the controller(s) 220.
  • the processor 220a of controller 220 includes any device cooperatively structured to execute or implement computer instructions, software, etc.
  • the memory device 220b may include but is not limited to random access memory (RAM) or other like devices configured to implement the present invention in the intended manner, for example, by storing and assisting with the execution of one or more applications, modules, or components capable of implementing the features as described herein.
  • the processor and memory can be combined to a single microcontroller as is known in the art.
  • the data storage device 220c may include a hard disk drive, solid state drive, virtual drive, could-based storage drive, or other types of volatile or nonvolatile memory.
  • non-transitory computer readable media includes all computer-readable media except for a transitory, propagating signal.
  • the one or more communication modules 220d includes one or more modules implemented in hardware and/or software adapted to communicate a signal, message, or data communication via the network(s) 15, for example, to/from the remote management system 420.
  • the controller 220 of at least one embodiment may include additional components or features that facilitate implementation of the present invention in the intended manner.
  • the controller may also include a display 222, such as but not limited to a touchscreen, monitor, LCD or LED screen, or other display to show data, information, log-in information, information or data measured by the sensor(s), etc.
  • the controller 220 of at least one embodiment may also include a device 224, such as a camera, image capturing device, reader, or scanner that is capable of or otherwise operates to scan, read and/or input a machine-readable code.
  • the machine-readable code may be used to store information (e.g., a location identifier, as discussed herein), and may be in the form of a quick response code (QR code), bar code, etc.
  • QR code quick response code
  • the method 500 of at least one embodiment is illustrated in a high-level flow chart.
  • at least one sensor 210 is disposed or placed in a selected location within a treatment chamber 600.
  • the treatment chamber 600 may include virtually any space or area, partially or fully enclosed, where a disinfecting treatment is to be performed in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention, for example, but not limited to one or more germicidal or disinfecting UV light sources 602.
  • the treatment chamber may be in the form of an HVAC duct, a duct assembly as disclosed in accordance with some embodiments of the
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 present invention, a restaurant, a dining area, a hospital room, bedroom, convention or meeting room, any one or more rooms or areas in a home, building or other structure, etc.
  • Figures 19 and 20 illustrate exemplary treatment chambers 600 in the form of one or more rooms or living areas.
  • the senor(s) 210 and controlled s) 220 as disclosed in accordance with at least one exemplary embodiment is shown.
  • the one or more sensor(s) 210 may be communicative with the controller 220 in a manner to transmit or communicate readings or measurements obtained by the sensor(s) 210 to the controller 220.
  • the sensor 210 is communicatively interconnected to the controller 220 via a wire or cable, however, it is also contemplated that in other embodiments or implementations, the sensor 210 may communicate with the controller wirelessly, for example, via Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, or other wireless communication networks.
  • the sensor 210 (which is shown disposed within a housing) is attached to a mount 212 and/or one or more attachment or mounting devices 214.
  • the mount 212 may be used to attach the sensor 210 to a surface, such as a wall, table or countertop, floor, ceiling, etc.
  • the mount 212 may swivel, rotate or allow some movement such that the sensor can be rotated, angled or moved in a manner such that it is facing the light source(s) 602 or so that it can be positioned in a desired orientation.
  • Mounting device(s) 214 may be magnets (or otherwise have magnetic capabilities), adhesives, tacks, etc. that allows the mount 212 and therefore the sensor 210 to secure to the surface.
  • a plurality of sensors 210 may communicate with a single controller 220, and similarly, a plurality of controllers 220 may be communicative with one or more sensors 210.
  • the controller 220 of at least one embodiment is shown to include a housing 221 and a display screen 222.
  • the housing 221 is in the form of an encasement with an openable lid or cover to access the display screen 222, however, other housings and/or implementations are contemplated within the full spirit and scope of the various embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 18C illustrates the one or more control boards 223 disposed within the housing 221 of the controller 220 of at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control board 223 may include the processor, memory and storage device of the controller 220, as disclosed herein, and may operate to control the display screen, receive and/or transmit
  • the method 500 includes disposing or positioning the one or more sensors 210 in a selected location within the treatment chamber 600.
  • the sensor(s) 210 is communicative with the controller 220, and the controller 220 is communicate with the remote management system 420.
  • the senor(s) 210 and/or controller(s) 220 are initiated or set-up. In order to do so, in some cases, as shown at 504, certain set-up or initializing information may need to be entered, if not done so previously. Such information or initializing steps may include connecting the controller 220 to the communication network 15, for example, by entering WiFi / Hotspot SSID and password information, entering a user ID and password (e.g.. by the operating technician or employee), etc.
  • the location of the sensor 210 may determine a particular treatment parameter or threshold corresponding to a particular treatment session.
  • a sensor 210 positioned closer to the UV light source may have a different minimum or maximum energy or dosage threshold or parameter than a sensor 210 that is positioned farther away from the UV light source, or than a sensor 210 that is obstructed by a wall, furniture, etc.
  • the location of the sensor 210 is determined and in some cases communicated to the remote management system 420. It should also be noted that in some embodiments or implementations, the location of the sensor 210 (e.g., as identified by a location specific identifier) may be communicated during the treatment session and/or after the treatment session along with the data obtained or recorded by the sensor(s).
  • the senor 210 may be placed in a fixed location such that the location of the sensor does not change from one germicidal treatment session to another. In such a case, it is contemplated that the location information may not need to be communicated to the remote management system 420 each time. In other cases, however, the sensors 210 may be moved from one location to another (e.g., from an initial location to a target, different or new location), for example, for different or subsequent germicidal treatment sessions. When the sensor 210 is moved, a location identifier or other information or data specific to the target
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 location is obtained and may be communicated to the remote management system 420 in order to identify where the sensor 210 will be or is located.
  • the location identifier may be obtained by a machine-readable code 215.
  • the machine-readable code 215 may be in the form of a QR code, bar code, RFID, numerical or alphanumerical serial number, etc. which may be read, scanned or interpreted by the controller 220, sensor 210 or in other embodiments as described herein, a mobile device. More specifically, when the sensor 210 is moved to a location within the room or chamber 600, the sensor, controller or mobile device will be used to read the machine- readable code 215 to obtain the new location identifier. The new location identifier will then be transmitted to the remote management system 420 in order to identify where the sensor is now located. In some cases, the location identifier will be communicated at the initial set up prior to the treatment session in order to initialize the location of the sensor. In other cases, the location identifier may be transmitted along with the measurement data obtained by the sensors either during or after the treatment session.
  • Each location identifier or code 215 will be unique to a room or area, and in some cases, unique to a specific location within the room or area. Accordingly, in some cases, the location identifier or code 215 may be considered a room identifier or code in that it designates or identifies a room (e.g., living room, bedroom, conference room, dining hall, etc.) In this manner, the location identifier or code 215 may be considered a room ID or code.
  • the location identifier or code 215 may be more specific and may designate a specific location, area or site within a room or within a larger defined area (e.g., north end of room 26B, northeast corner of dining hall A, etc.) As another example, the location identifier or code 215 may identify the treatment to be in hospital room 628 at Acme Hospital. The location identifier or code 215 may also be specific to a location in the room, such as on a particular floor, wall, table, next to a particular window, etc. in hospital room 628 at Acme Hospital. In this manner, if the location identifier or code designates a general or broader area such as a room, it can be and is sometimes referred to as a room code or ID herein. A location identifier designated as room code or ID may include or be associated with several site-specific location identifiers, for example, that are placed within the room.
  • the machine-readable location identifier or code 215 may be physically attached to the location, for example, to a wall within a room. In this manner, in order to identify that a particular sensor 210 is now in a particular room, the controller 220 or sensor 210 will scan the code 215 to obtain the unique location identifier and communicate that
  • the location identifier or code 215 may be shown or displayed in a room diagram, photo, phone, tablet, or other device. Once the code or identifier is scanned or read, then the diagram, map, photo, etc. can be used to show where in the room the sensor should be placed during the germicidal session.
  • one or more treatment parameters or thresholds can be defined for the sensor.
  • the remote management system 420 may, in at least one embodiment, have a plurality of data and parameters that can be used to define minimum and/or maximum thresholds for each sensor, depending on the type of sensor (e.g., air flow sensor, UV wavelength sensor, etc.) and the type of targeted pathogen.
  • the treatment parameter or threshold may be in the form of an energy level, dosage level, air flow rate, temperature, pressure, etc.
  • the germicidal treatment session may begin.
  • the UV light source(s) may be activated or turned on, and the sensors begin to monitor the treatment.
  • the treatment parameter(s) or threshold(s) is/are not satisfied, for example, based on the measurement(s) obtained by the sensor(s) 210 as compared to the parameters or thresholds provided or defined by the management system 420, then one or more actions are initiated, as represented as 510.
  • the one or more parameters is not obtained and the minimum parameters or thresholds are not achieved (e.g., air flow is too low, UV energy or dosing levels are too low, etc.) or if the one or more parameters or maximum thresholds are exceeded (e.g., air flow is too high, UV energy or dosing levels are too high), then it may be determined that the parameter(s) or threshold(s) is/are not satisfied.
  • the controller 220 or management system 420 is communicative with one or more of the germicidal treatment components or devices, such as one or more of the UV light sources, fans, heaters, coolers, etc.
  • the actions represented in 510 may be defined as a corrective action that automatically adjusts one or more settings or controls of at least one germicidal treatment component.
  • the actions may include communicating with the UV or germicidal treatment component to perform a new
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 function, activate or deactivate a UV lamp or bulb, activate or deactivate a fan, move the component to a new or different location, etc.
  • the controller 220 or management system 420 may be communicative with one or more relays or power devices such that the action(s) represented in 510 may include activating or deactivating a relay or power component, which in turn, activates or deactivates one or more treatment components such as UV light sources, UV lamps, UV bulbs, fans, heaters, coolers, etc.
  • the actions represented at 510 in Figure 17 may also or instead include one or more messages or notification, for example, in the form of a text message, SMS message, email message, phone call, etc. to one or more designated recipients or users indicting the status of the treatment and the failure to satisfy the one or more parameters or thresholds.
  • the notifications or alerts may also be in the form of one or more warning light(s) or indicators on the controller and/or sensor.
  • the treatment session details e.g., location information of the sensors, room identification number(s) or code(s), QR code identification number(s) or code(s), sensor identification number(s) or code(s), UVC device identification number(s), final UV dose level, total time of UVC detection, date, start time, end time, technician identification, and technician notes
  • the remote management system 420 may be communicated to the remote management system 420 for recordation and storage.
  • a top-down floorplan-style view is shown of a building with three rooms Rl, R2 and R3.
  • At least one sensor 210 is placed in each of the rooms along with at least one germicidal source or UVC source, referenced as 602.
  • the sensor(s) 210 may be fixed or otherwise programmed in accordance with its particular location, or in other embodiments, the sensor(s) 210 may be movable or dynamic in that they can be selectively moved from one location to another, if desired or as desired.
  • the moved sensor 210 may need to be identified, paired to or associated to each location or the new location for each UV treatment.
  • the sensor 210 may include an identifier, code, etc. (such as, but not limited to a QR code, bar code, RFID, numeric or alphanumeric serial number, etc.) referenced as 213.
  • the sensor code 213 may be in addition to the location code 215, such that, prior to treatment, the location code 215 may be scanned or read and the sensor code 213 may also be scanned or read. By doing so, an association between the location (identified by the scanned location code 215) and the sensor 210 placed in or proximate to the location (identified by the scanned sensor code 213) is communicated to the management system 420.
  • the results of the treatment e.g., the data obtained by the sensor(s) 210 during treatment
  • the cloud or management system 420 or in some cases, a local storage or mobile device, as described below.
  • any sensor 210 can be used at any location through the association created by the linked IDs or codes 213, 215, and therefore, the sensor location and associated parameters of certain embodiments need not be pre-programmed and can thus be considered dynamic.
  • a mobile device 800 may be used to perform the scanning and reading of the codes 213, 215, as well as other functions.
  • the mobile device 800 may be in the form of a handheld scanner or reader, although in several embodiments, the mobile device 800 includes a mobile phone, smartphone, tablet computer, etc. and thus may be, but is in no way limited to, an APPLE® iPHONE®, ANDROID® based phone, APPLE® iPAD®, ANDROID® based tablet, or other like devices.
  • the mobile device 800 may be communicative with the management system 420 of at least one embodiment of the present invention in order to transmit various information and data, such as sensor identification information, location identification information, and other information, including the results of the treatment in some cases, in accordance with the various embodiments disclosed herein.
  • various information and data such as sensor identification information, location identification information, and other information, including the results of the treatment in some cases, in accordance with the various embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the senor(s) 210 may also be in communication with the management system 420 and/or mobile device 800, for example, to report results, receive minimum/maximum dosage levels, treatment protocols, etc.
  • the UV source(s) 602 may also be in communication with the management system 420 and/or mobile device 800 to send and/or receive treatment protocol information such as, but not limited to, minimum/maximum dosage levels, for activation/deactivation of the light source, movement of the light source throughout the location, etc.
  • the room or location identification (e.g., via the code 215) may be stored in the cloud server or management system 420, and since the room or location identification is associated with a known facility or a known room or location Rl, R2, R3 of a
  • any sensor 210 with a cloud-registered code 213 or identification can be used at any location.
  • any sensor 210 can simply be used at any location by associating the sensor 210 with the location Rl, R2, or R3 through the codes 213, 215 (e.g., as provided above).
  • the sensor(s) 210 do not necessarily need to be owned or operated by the particular facility and can instead be owned and/or operated by anyone, including a third-party treatment service, for example.
  • any entity providing UVC or disinfection services through the present invention for a facility can use one or more cloud-registered sensors 210 to provide treatment at any location in the United States or Worldwide.
  • the treatment data, treatment entity’ s name, and sensor ID (sensor identification), and all other data acquired will be associated with the corresponding and correct room/location for the treated facility.
  • a national or international network of unrelated companies that provide UVC or other germicidal treatment can service any hospital, restaurant or facility with registered QR codes.
  • FIGS 22A-22F provide exemplary illustrations of a back-end dashboard 700 for a user to access, or a representative of a facility or disinfection entity, in accordance with at least one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the dashboard or back-end 700 may be accessible by a user (e.g., an employee or representative of the hospital, restaurant or other facility, a user or representative of a third-party disinfection entity, or a user of the method or system of the present invention such as a product manager) through the use of a computer or computing device, including but not limited to a desktop computer, laptop computer, tablet computer, mobile phone or smartphone, etc.
  • Figure 22 A illustrates an exemplary screenshot showing several defined locations, which may be separated by groups, such as “North Wing,” “East Wing,” etc. as desired or convenient.
  • each location includes a name 702a, a description 702b, an identification of one or more pathogens 702c, and in some cases, a minimum and maximum dose level 702d, 702e and a date of last treatment 702f.
  • the pathogen identified is the target pathogen desired to be eliminated or disabled at that location. It should be noted that in some embodiments more than one pathogen may be assigned to or identified by a single location, and of course, multiple locations can have the same target pathogen(s).
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 through the back-end management system 700 of at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a species 704a and/or strain 704b may be identified or specified.
  • a label or name 704c may also be entered or specified for easier identification.
  • a lethal dose is defined, as shown at 704e, which may correspond with a particular lamp type identified at 704d.
  • each pathogen 704 has its own lethal dose value. These lethal dose values are often (although not always) measured in terms of mJ/cm 2 and are the multiplication product of UV energy times exposure time in seconds.
  • pathogens are identified at 702c for each room or location (e.g., the pathogen(s) which are desired to be removed or disabled at each location), that pathogen or those pathogens are referenced to the list in Figure 22B to include the corresponding lethal dose levels 704e, and in some cases, a minimum and/or maximum dose level that may also be defined for each pathogen, if desired.
  • each sensor 210 may include a unique identification or ID, 210a, a description 210b, a type of sensor (e.g., primary, secondary, etc.) 210c, a counter 210d for the total number of treatments conducted with the sensor, and/or a section for notes 210e.
  • the sensor(s) may be assigned to a location (e.g., a facility, room, etc.)
  • a location e.g., a facility, room, etc.
  • the assignment of a sensor to a location may be accomplished in several different manners.
  • a sensor may be fixed or semifixed in that the sensor may be manually assigned to a location through the backend (or other manners) and not intended to move or otherwise not intended to move frequently.
  • the sensor(s) may be assigned or linked to a location before or after each treatment, if desired. This can be done manually though the backend management dashboard 700, although as described herein, assigning a sensor to a location can be accomplished on-site though the use of a mobile device 800. More specifically, a mobile device 800 may be used to scan or read a code 213 associated with the sensor and scan or read a code associated with a location 215. Doing so, for example, through the use of mobile application 810 may assign the
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 particular sensor to a particular location. Since the location may be linked to one or more pathogens (e.g., as shown in Figure 22A), a desired or lethal dose (e.g., lethal dose parameters 704e, minimum and/or maximum dose levels, etc.), or other treatment protocols, assigning the sensor to the location may also correspondingly assign the treatment protocols to the sensor. In some cases, the parameters may be manually defined for each sensor, if desired.
  • pathogens e.g., as shown in Figure 22A
  • a desired or lethal dose e.g., lethal dose parameters 704e, minimum and/or maximum dose levels, etc.
  • assigning the sensor to the location may also correspondingly assign the treatment protocols to the sensor.
  • the parameters may be manually defined for each sensor, if desired.
  • Figure 22F is provided to show an exemplary performance summary for a particular user, group, facility or entity, based on the data received from the sensor(s) and the treatments performed. Other embodiments may include other data or other summaries as desired.
  • Figures 23 and 24A-K illustrate an exemplary flowchart and screenshots of the mobile device 800, respectively, used in connection with the operation of at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a mobile application 810 may be accessible by or on the mobile device 800, for example, by being downloaded and installed thereon, by being accessible by the mobile device 800 through a web-based interface, etc.
  • the application 810 facilitates implementation of at least one embodiment of the present invention, as described herein, and may facilitate communication by and/or between the sensor(s) 210, code(s) 213, 215, UV light source(s) 602, and the cloud or management system 420.
  • the method 900 of at least one embodiment may include a user signing up or logging into the mobile application 810.
  • the user may be a technician, a representative of the facility or location, a representative of a third-party disinfecting entity, etc.
  • signing up or logging into the application may require entry of some identifying information, such as name, email address, phone number, password, etc. Signing in with other services, such as GOOGLE® or FACEBOOK® may be allowed in some embodiments.
  • a user may choose to set up a room, download a room, or start a treatment or other functions. More specifically, in some cases, prior to starting treatment within a room or location, the room or location may need to be defined or set up. Doing so may, in some cases, create a location entry in the management backend 700, as described previously.
  • setting up or defining a room may include entering various identifying information for the particular technician (e.g., name, phone number, ID number, email, notes, etc.), particularly if the technician is different than the user. Other information may include days or times for treatment, or other treatment parameters.
  • a local network or WiFi may be set up, for example, by obtaining the SSID and password. This information can then be passed or
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 communicated to one or more sensors, light sources or other equipment in order to allow the equipment to communicate with one another and/or with the remote management system 420.
  • setting up the location or room may then entail scanning the location code 215, for example, as shown at 906 in Figure 23 and in the exemplary screenshot of Figure 24E. Scanning the location code 215 will obtain the location identification or ID unique to that location. This information can be communicated to the management system 420 and recorded in the corresponding entry. If desired, as shown at 908, one or more photographs of the location or room may be taken and recoded, for example. The photograph(s) may be communicated to and save at the remote management system 420 for later reference and retrieval.
  • a single room may include several (e.g., two or more) QR or other codes that need to be recorded and defined.
  • a single room may have two (or more) sensor stations.
  • each sensor station includes a separate location code, which during set up, should be scanned or read and recorded.
  • each of the sensors 210 are identified, for example, by scanning or reading the corresponding code 213 associated with the particular sensor 210.
  • the location or site code 215 is scanned, then the corresponding sensor code 213 is scanned. Doing so will associate the sensor 210 with the particular location for purposes of treatment and for providing proper treatment protocols, as defined by the management dashboard 700 and provided herein.
  • Figures 24G-J are representatives of exemplary screenshots of the location code(s) 215 and the sensor codes 213 being scanned for this step.
  • treatment can begin.
  • treatment may begin through activation in the mobile application 810.
  • the mobile application 810 may allow the user to start, stop and pause the treatment of a particular room or location by pressing or activating corresponding buttons, not shown.
  • the user may need to scan or read the location code(s) 215 and the sensor code(s) 213, for example, using the mobile device and/or application, as referenced at 922, 924 in Figure 23.
  • treatment protocols and data from the cloud or management system 420 e.g., location ID, sensor ID, minimum dosage, maximum dosage, lethal dosage, number of
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 sensor locations, etc. may be obtained.
  • This information can be communicated to the sensor(s) 210 and/or the light source 602 in order to manage or control the treatment based thereupon.
  • this information e.g., treatment protocol information
  • a technician may download onto the mobile device 800 or previously obtain the treatment protocol information from the cloud or remote server 420.
  • the information can be transferred to the local equipment (e.g., sensor(s) 210, controller(s) 220, UVC source(s) 602) through any communication methods, such as wired communications or connections or wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth, Zigbee, WiFi, local area network, wide area network, world wide web or Internet, etc.)
  • the local equipment e.g., sensor(s) 210, controller(s) 220, UVC source(s) 602
  • any communication methods such as wired communications or connections or wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth, Zigbee, WiFi, local area network, wide area network, world wide web or Internet, etc.)
  • the user may monitor the treatment using the application 810 and/or view the results thereof as recorded by the sensor(s) 210.
  • a dashboard may be provided that shows various treatment information corresponding to a particular location, such as the pathogen targeted (e.g., as defined in the cloud via the management backend 700), the location or room number or ID, the location or room name, the minimum dose level obtained, the maximum dose level obtain, etc.
  • the dosage level is shown for each location, (e.g., locations 1-9 in the example provided).
  • the system and method of at least one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to real-time data transfers. More specifically, various treatment data and information, such as but not limited to, room or location ID, dosage treatment levels, minimum / maximum dosages, etc. may be downloaded, saved or recorded to the mobile device 800 (or other device) prior to initiating the treatment. The downloaded information and treatment data can then be communicated to the equipment locally (e.g., the sensor(s), controller(s), light source(s), etc.) from the mobile device 800 without requiring the local equipment to connect to an external network or communicate with the remote management system 420. Similarly, after treatment, the results of the treatment, e.g., dosage levels obtained, time of exposure, etc., can be recorded by or saved on the mobile device 800 (or other local device) and subsequently uploaded to the management system 420.
  • the equipment locally e.g., the sensor(s), controller(s), light source(s), etc.
  • the results of the treatment e.g., dosage levels obtained, time of exposure, etc.,
  • Additional features of certain embodiments of the present invention may also include an augmented reality (AR) function or option.
  • AR augmented reality
  • a code is scanned, such as location QR code 215 and/or a sensor QR code 213, a specific room or location is identified
  • Visual pointers, instructions, data, etc. can be displayed in a AR visual, e.g., overlaid, onto the visual view, display of the room or location, as shown through the camera or other like feature of the mobile device. This can assist the technician with placement of the UVC or other treatment equipment, including, for example, the lamps, sensors, relays, etc.
  • the AR overlay or display may also provide assistance with and display of treatment duration, secondary or additional placement areas for treatment equipment, treatment durations for the secondary or additional treatment areas, directionality of the UVC lamps, etc.
  • the AR functionality or display of at least one exemplary embodiment and be used to provide or display operating instructions for the sensor controls, troubleshooting operation issues, maintenance assistance instructions and visuals, special tasks or safety procedures to be performed in the room prior to treatment, etc.
  • certain components or treatment equipment of the present invention may include positioning or movable assemblies that allow the equipment to move or to be relocated.
  • one or more of the UVC lamps may include or be mounted to a positioning assembly, generally referenced as 605 in Figure 21, which allow the UVC lamp to move or be repositioned within the location or room R3.
  • the UVC lamps or light sources 602 equipped with or attached to positioning assembly 605, may considered, or otherwise may function as, robotic UVC units.
  • the robotic UVC units 602/605 may in some embodiments operate autonomously in that they receive or gain information regarding the environment, such as, the location of obstacles as well as sensor and dosage information in order to move about the room or other area without human intervention.
  • the UVC lamps or light sources may be communicative with the management system 420 of at least one embodiment, it is contemplated that the dose levels (or other data) obtained by the one or more sensors 210 (e.g., placed in the same location or vicinity as the UVC lamp) can be analyzed by the management system 420, mobile device 800 or by the UVC lamps themselves in real-time.
  • the positioning assembly 605 can automatically operate to reposition one or more of the UVC lamps 602 or light sources in a manner to redirect the UVC light toward one or more other sensors at the location, e.g., in the room, that have not yet reached the minimum dose level (or other threshold).
  • the positioning assembly 605 to which a UVC lamp 602 is connected or mounted may swing, rotate, lift (e.g., raise) or lower one or more sections of the UVC lamp in order to change or alter the lamp direction and/or orientation (e.g., horizontal, vertical or other
  • the positioning assembly 605 may be structured and configured to physically move the UVC lamp(s) 602 toward the areas(s) that need additional UVC coverage or away from area(s) that have reached or are approaching the maximum dosage level. Movement toward areas that need additional UVC exposure will provide an exponential increase in UVC energy, for example, as defined by the Inverse Square Law, and may be used to avoid obstructions that may be blocking direct UVC light or exposure.
  • the sensor(s) 210 of at least one embodiment may be able to use UVC energy intensity as a method to direct or position the movable or positionable lamp assemblies into an optimal location or orientation.
  • the UVC lamps 602 may move and the sensor(s) 210 can provide energy readings to the UVC equipment.
  • peak UVC energy is determined, then the system, method or the UVC lamp(s) 602 would know the best orientation or location.
  • the positioning assemblies 605 or other like equipment may contain obstacle avoidance features or sensors (e.g., infrared IR sensors, motion sensors, or other sensors to detect the present of humans, pets, animals or stationary obstacles such as furniture, walls, tables, chairs, etc.) This would minimize the risk of damage to the lamp(s), other treatment equipment or property.
  • obstacle avoidance features or sensors e.g., infrared IR sensors, motion sensors, or other sensors to detect the present of humans, pets, animals or stationary obstacles such as furniture, walls, tables, chairs, etc.
  • the senor(s) and UVC lamps may communicate with one another locally, e.g., through a controller or other locally placed equipment, in order to achieve the desired location(s), etc. described herein.
  • the sensor(s), UVC lamps, and other locally placed equipment may communicate with the remote service or management system 420 (e.g., via the network or Internet) in order to achieve the desired movement, locations, orientation, etc. described herein. Accordingly, the analysis and/or calculations, as well as the instructions for movement may take place locally and/or remotely.
  • one or more of the sensors 210 may be equipped with or otherwise include one or more laser emitters or other like assistance devices in order to provide visual assistance (e.g., to the technician) to ensure accurate placement of the sensors and accurate alignment of the sensors for capturing and reading optimal UVC lamp output.
  • HMS hospital management software
  • HMS or other third-party management software system or suite may be integrated with or communicative with a database of the present invention that would allow communication between the HMS and the system of the present invention. More specifically, the HMS or other software system or suite may be able to automatically send pathogen information to the management system 420 of the present invention, as well as room or location ID and day/time available for treatment. The management system 420 or dashboard 700 may be able to then automatically select the appropriate minimum / maximum dosage levels or lethal dosage levels for the specific pathogen.
  • the HMS room and treatment information from one or more rooms can then be used by the present system 420 to automatically generate a treatment plan complete with the day/time schedule, minimum/maximum dose levels, and the appropriate QR code for each room.
  • the plan may then be transmitted to the appropriate UVC technician or held for the technician for subsequent access or download.
  • the system and method of at least one embodiment is capable of and configured to track the performance metrics (e.g., output energy levels) of the UVC lamps or sources 602, and based thereupon, automatically adjust the treatment parameter(s) for current or subsequent treatments. For example, over time, the energy output level of a UVC lamp or source will degrade. Further, as the energy output levels of the UVC sources degrade, the dose levels also degrade. Since dose is calculated as the multiplication product of UV energy times exposure time (e.g., in seconds), a decrease in UVC energy means that longer treatment times are required in order to maintain a lethal or minimum pathogen dose.
  • the performance metrics e.g., output energy levels
  • UVC energy and dose levels are low, which may be the result of degradation of one or more UVC lights or sources.
  • the system and method can automatically determine or calculate the treatment time for any required treatment dose for any room, taking into consideration the previously recorded energy levels and dose levels in that room or from particular UVC sources.
  • the calculation of treatment time can be accomplished by dividing the required dose by each UVC device’s weakest UVC energy level for the room being treated.
  • the one or more sensors 210 as used herein can be virtually any environmental, electrical, mechanical, or other sensors that may include but are in no way limited to UV wavelength sensors, sensors or other electromagnetic wavelengths, air flow sensors, temperature sensors, timers (for measuring the total UV lamp operating hours), humidity sensors, pressure sensors, water flow or other water measurement sensors, etc.
  • the tables or database entries may include, but are not limited to customers (ID, name, address, zip code, account number) 1002a, facility (ID, name, contact name, contact phone number, contact email, address, notes, customer ID) 1002b, groups (ID, name, location ID, rooms, cycle start date, cycle end date, notes) 1002c, users (ID, first name, last name, email, role ID, phone, image, notes) 1002d, rooms (ID, room number, room description, facility ID, room group ID, pathogen ID, last treatment date, QR code ID) 1002e, treatments (ID, description, location ID, group ID, start date and time, end date and time, technician name, management notes to technician, technician notes to management, manager name, image, duration) 1002f, sensors (ID, name, WiFi SSID, email notify,
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 room location, notes) 1002i, pathogens (ID, name, host, pathogen species, fluence log, notes, reference link or url, aka or also known as or aliases, minimum dose level, maximum dose level, lamp type) 1002j, pathogen species (ID, name, pathogen type ID, alias(es) 1002k, treatment settings (ID, level name, minimum dose level, maximum dose level, notes) 10021, agent (name) 1002m, treatment logs (ID, treatment ID, room ID, notes, logged date and time, logged by) 1002n.
  • pathogens ID, name, host, pathogen species, fluence log, notes, reference link or url, aka or also known as or aliases, minimum dose level, maximum dose level, lamp type
  • pathogen species ID, name, pathogen type ID, alias(es) 1002k
  • treatment settings ID, level name, minimum dose level, maximum dose level, notes
  • agent name
  • treatment logs ID
  • UV energy monitoring (mW/cm 2 ) monitoring may be expanded to calculate UV dose levels (mJ/cm 2 ) that would be lethal to pathogens.
  • UV energy provides a reliable indicator of a UV lamp’s ability to destroy pathogens
  • UV dose provides specific UV dose values.
  • Each pathogen has its own lethal dose value.
  • These lethal values are often measured in terms of mJ/cm 2 and are the multiplication product of UV energy times Exposure time in seconds. Research from various institutions determine what dose level is effective at deactivating or killing a pathogen under specific conditions and environments and to what log level (percentage) the pathogen is deactivated or killed.
  • the present invention may use a rate of air flow, e.g., cubic feet per minute (CFM), and the defined cubic volume of the UV treatment chamber to calculate the time component of the dose calculation.
  • CFM cubic feet per minute
  • the pathogen dose may be calculated. If the UV sensor is positioned at the further distance in the treatment chamber from the UV source(s), the then resultant value would provide a minimum dose level in the chamber volume. As the air segment at the sensor moves closer to the UV source, the UV energy in accordance with the Inverse Square Law is exponentially increased for even higher dosing.
  • the Inverse Square Law is a law of physics stating that the intensity of an effect, such as illumination or gravitational force, changes in inverse proportion to the square of the change in distance from the source.
  • the Inverse Square Law may be used to calculate the dose at the furthest chamber limit or anywhere in between.
  • the controller 220 of at least one embodiment of the present invention may thus be programmed to allow the user to selectively choose where in the UV treatment chamber the dose level should be calculated for purposes of the controller’s minimum threshold value setting.
  • Air chambers such as HVAC ducts, may have variable air flow rates. Rates may be reduced by dirt build-up in air
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE 26 filters or cooling coils, dirt accumulation in the ductwork, deterioration of a fan’s mechanical performance, changes to the duct structure either before or after the air flow sensor, etc.
  • the resulting reduced air velocity increases the time required for a segment of air to pass through the defined UV chamber.
  • the reduced time increases the dose level. Since the controller 220 of at least one embodiment controls or monitors air flow and UV levels in real-time, it can continuously calculate and report the new dose level to the management system 420 or cloud server or other connected devices.
  • the high dose level thus accelerates reaching the minimum UV threshold setting, and the controller thus delays or prevents activation of reserve UV lamps, and also delays or prevents the activation of notification signals and messaging.
  • the system and method may have minimum air flow thresholds or parameters programmed into a database.
  • a signal or notification can be activated so that the system owner may perform the necessary maintenance or repairs to return air flow to its proper level.
  • Corrective actions via relay or otherwise, as disclosed herein, signals and notifications may be activated for thresholds, minimum or maximum, that be set for temperature, pressure, or other sensor data values.
  • Air flow rates may be used as a performance feature of the system and method.
  • fans often have built-in variable fan speeds, and thus, air flow rates.
  • circuitry may be added that will control fan speeds.
  • the dosing level may be increased or decreased by not only activating or deactivating relays that control UV lamps, but also by the fan speed which controls exposure time. Either mechanism of dose management may be used, or a combination of both for even greater range of dose control or for more finely tuned dose control.
  • the senor(s) 210 as used herein may include water (or other fluid) flow sensors or water (or other fluid) flow meters. This can be applicable to embodiments of the present invention implemented in UV water purification systems where the flow of the water or fluid can be measured and used to determine the UV dose levels and other measurements. Similar to other embodiments disclosed herein, based upon minimum or maximum exposure or other thresholds, treatment components can be adjusted, either automatically or manually, to achieve the desired UV dosing and other levels.
  • ELV exposure limit values
  • the foregoing address 222 nm exposure in general terms that is by use of manually measures distances from 222 nm source(s) to a defined location that represents the position of a person or people, and an arbitrary assumption as to the amount of time that the area is occupied.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention may employ Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR), or similar devices or combination of devices, for more intelligent and accurate calculations related to 222 nm dosing of occupied areas.
  • LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging
  • wearable devices with RFID or similar devices such as employee ID cards, Bluetooth low energy or other communication methods to register with the communication interface of the controller or management system disclosed herein.
  • Two-way data communication between the components of the invention, such as the controller, management system, etc., and a wearable device could store exposure data on the wearable device or in the cloud that is unique to the wearer.
  • the invention registers the wearer and begins tracking the wearer’s dosing level, updating the cloud or wearable device data. Should any wearer of the device enter or remain in a 222 nm (or other) treatment area past the ELV, the light source could shut down to prevent over exposure.
  • the stored data for movement tracking of a wearer could be retrieved, analyzed and reported. The results can identify other wearable device users who came into contact with one another at specific times and locations. Should one or more wearers become infected with a pathogen, a contact profile can be quickly produced and expedite the identification of those requiring quarantine and medical treatment.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Abstract

Un système et un procédé pour effectuer un traitement UVC d'une pièce est présenté ici. Le système et le procédé comprennent l'utilisation d'au moins un capteur, d'au moins une source de lumière UVC, d'un dispositif mobile et d'un système de gestion à distance ou d'un serveur en nuage. Le ou les capteurs et la ou les sources de lumière UVC sont disposés dans un emplacement sélectionné à l'intérieur de la pièce. Le dispositif mobile, en communication avec le serveur en nuage, est utilisé pour balayer un ou plusieurs éléments parmi : un code QR associé à la pièce ou à l'emplacement, un code QR associé aux sources UVC et/ou un code QR associé au ou aux capteurs. Le dispositif mobile communique ensuite avec le serveur en nuage pour indiquer où le capteur est disposé, et sur cette base, un paramètre de traitement, tel que des valeurs de dosage, des temps de traitement, etc. est défini. S'il est déterminé que le paramètre de traitement n'est pas satisfait, alors une action est initiée immédiatement ou ultérieurement.
PCT/US2022/079967 2021-11-19 2022-11-16 Système et procédé d'administration et de mesure de traitements germicides avec gestion et commande en nuage WO2023091952A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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US17/530,532 2021-11-19
US17/530,532 US20230054225A1 (en) 2020-11-12 2021-11-19 Germicidal detection and measurement system and method
US18/052,753 2022-11-04
US18/052,753 US20230072279A1 (en) 2020-11-12 2022-11-04 System and method for administering and measuring germicidal treatments with cloud-based management and control

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Citations (8)

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US20130183749A1 (en) * 2011-01-18 2013-07-18 Diligence Corp. Systems, apparatus, methods and articles for use in sanitization or disinfection
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JP6131727B2 (ja) * 2013-06-13 2017-05-24 富士電機株式会社 紫外線殺菌装置
US20200101183A1 (en) * 2018-10-02 2020-04-02 ShenZhen Kaiyan Medical Equipment Co, LTD System and method for sterilization using ultra-violet illumination
WO2020160614A1 (fr) * 2019-02-05 2020-08-13 Adam Gottlieb Plateforme de communication
US11160893B2 (en) * 2017-06-23 2021-11-02 Allied Bioscience, Inc. Infection control method and system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8639527B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2014-01-28 Ecolab Usa Inc. Validated healthcare cleaning and sanitizing practices
US20140374612A1 (en) * 2010-01-14 2014-12-25 Infection Prevention Technologies Systems and methods for emitting radiant energy
US20130183749A1 (en) * 2011-01-18 2013-07-18 Diligence Corp. Systems, apparatus, methods and articles for use in sanitization or disinfection
US9345798B2 (en) * 2011-04-15 2016-05-24 Steriliz, Llc Room sterilization method and system
JP6131727B2 (ja) * 2013-06-13 2017-05-24 富士電機株式会社 紫外線殺菌装置
US11160893B2 (en) * 2017-06-23 2021-11-02 Allied Bioscience, Inc. Infection control method and system
US20200101183A1 (en) * 2018-10-02 2020-04-02 ShenZhen Kaiyan Medical Equipment Co, LTD System and method for sterilization using ultra-violet illumination
WO2020160614A1 (fr) * 2019-02-05 2020-08-13 Adam Gottlieb Plateforme de communication

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