WO2023087484A1 - 电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构 - Google Patents

电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023087484A1
WO2023087484A1 PCT/CN2021/140383 CN2021140383W WO2023087484A1 WO 2023087484 A1 WO2023087484 A1 WO 2023087484A1 CN 2021140383 W CN2021140383 W CN 2021140383W WO 2023087484 A1 WO2023087484 A1 WO 2023087484A1
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coil
winding
type
planar transformer
layer
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PCT/CN2021/140383
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English (en)
French (fr)
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廖胜峰
任文
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广州视源电子科技股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306—Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F2027/348—Preventing eddy currents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of transformers, for example, to a voltage conversion method, electronic equipment, planar transformers and winding structures thereof.
  • a planar transformer is a transformer with high frequency, low shape, small height and high operating frequency.
  • the primary winding and secondary winding are arranged on the magnetic core in turn. Internally to achieve voltage conversion.
  • the application provides a voltage conversion method, electronic equipment, a planar transformer and its winding structure, and the application of the planar transformer, so as to overcome the eddy current loss caused by the large magnetic field intensity generated by the primary winding and the secondary winding in the planar transformer when current flows through it.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a planar transformer, including: a magnetic core, a first winding, and a second winding; the magnetic core includes a cavity disposed through the center, and the first winding and the second winding are disposed on the In the cavity; the current direction of the first winding and the second winding are opposite; the first winding includes N turns of the first coil, and the second winding includes M turns of the second coil; the N turns of the first coil A coil and the M turns of the second coil are respectively wound parallel to the same plane; the centers of the N turns of the first coil and the M turns of the second coil are located on the same straight line passing through the center of the magnetic core ; The N-turn first coil is arranged on the upper and lower sides and left and right sides of the M-turn second coil.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a winding structure of a planar transformer, which can be applied to a planar transformer as provided in any one of the first aspects of the present application.
  • the winding structure includes: a first winding and a second winding, wherein the first A winding includes N turns of the first coil, and the second winding includes M turns of the second coil; the N turns of the first coil include at least two first-type coil layers and at least one second-type coil layer, the M turns of the second coil include at least one third-type coil layer; the at least two first-type coil layers are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the at least one third-type coil layer, and the at least one first-type coil layer The second-type coil layers are arranged on left and right sides of the at least one third-type coil layer.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides a voltage conversion method, including: obtaining an input voltage; sending the input voltage into the first winding or the second winding of the planar transformer, and transferring the input voltage from the second winding or the first winding of the planar transformer to Obtain the output voltage after voltage conversion; wherein, the first winding includes N turns of the first coil, and the second winding includes M turns of the second coil; the N turns of the first coil include at least two first-type Coil layers and at least one coil layer of the second type, the second coil of M turns includes at least one coil layer of the third type; the at least two coil layers of the first type are arranged on the at least one coil layer of the third type On the upper and lower sides of the coil layer, the at least one second-type coil layer is arranged on the left and right sides of the at least one third-type coil layer.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the planar transformer as described in the first aspect.
  • the fifth aspect of the present application provides an application of the planar transformer described in the first aspect in electronic equipment.
  • the voltage conversion method, electronic equipment, planar transformer and its winding structure, and the application of the planar transformer provided by this application set the first winding and the second winding of the planar transformer in the cavity of the magnetic core, and place the first The N turns of the first coil of the winding are arranged on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the M turns of the second coil of the second winding.
  • the second The magnetic fields of the first coil and the second coil can cancel each other, thereby reducing the magnetic field intensity of the first winding and the second winding in multiple directions in the planar transformer, thereby reducing the eddy current loss of the planar transformer.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a planar transformer
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a planar transformer
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a planar transformer
  • Fig. 4 is the magnetic field strength schematic diagram of a kind of planar transformer
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cross-sectional structure of a planar transformer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cross-sectional structure of the planar transformer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field strength of the planar transformer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the AC resistance of the planar transformer provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided by the present application.
  • planar transformer provided by the present application and the technical problems existing in the planar transformer in the related art will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a planar transformer.
  • the planar transformer is a transformer with high frequency, low shape, small height and high operating frequency. It is widely used in switching power supplies of electronic products. It is a switch A magnetic power supply device used to transfer electrical energy in a power supply.
  • the planar transformer can receive the input voltage V1 and the input current I1 through its input circuit A-B, and when the input current I1 flows through the primary winding R1, induction will be generated on the magnetic cores of the primary winding R1 and the secondary winding R2
  • the electromotive force, the induced electromotive force generates an induced current I2 on the secondary winding R2, and outputs the voltage V2 and current I2 through the output circuit C-D, where the relationship between the voltage V1 and V2 is related to the coil turns of the primary winding R1 and the secondary winding R2 Related, so as to realize the transmission of electric energy from A-B side to C-D side and the change of voltage from V1 to V2.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a planar transformer, wherein, taking the planar transformer magnetic core as an example of a flat rectangular parallelepiped magnetic core 10 with a low-section planar structure, a cavity 101 is arranged in the rectangular magnetic core, and the first winding and the second winding are arranged in the cavity 101 of the magnetic core 10, and the plane x-z in the three-dimensional coordinate system x-y-z shown in Figure 2 where the first winding and the second winding are located, then the cuboid magnetic core 10 exists on the plane x-z
  • the two opposing surfaces, the cavity 101 are arranged through the center of the magnetic core 10 from the two opposing surfaces of the magnetic core 10 on the plane x-z.
  • the height of both sides of the cavity 101 in the z-axis direction is greater than the height of the middle part, then the coils of the first winding and the second winding are centered on the center of the magnetic core 10 on the y-x plane, and are wound in the cavity 101 inside both sides.
  • the first winding 201 and the second winding 202 can be arranged in layers parallel to the plane x-y in the cavity 101 of the magnetic core 10, such as the z-axis direction in the example shown in FIG.
  • the coil of the first winding 201 and the coil of the second winding 202 are arranged respectively, the first winding 201 receives the input current through the input circuit A-B, and the second winding 202 outputs the induced current through the output circuit C-D, as shown in FIG. 2
  • the direction of the current flowing through the first winding 201 and the current flowing through the second winding 202 are opposite, for example, the current direction of the first winding 201 is the positive direction of the y-axis, and the current direction of the second winding 202 is the negative direction of the y-axis wait.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a planar transformer. As shown in FIG. 3 , it shows in detail the arrangement of the first winding 201 and the second winding 202 in the cavity 101 of the magnetic core 10 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the first winding 201 includes a coil of N turns and is denoted as the first coil of N turns, and N is a positive integer.
  • the first coil forms the first coil layer L1, and the other 8 turns of the first coil form the second coil layer L2.
  • the coil forms the third coil layer L3, and the other 4 turns of the second coil form the fourth coil layer L4.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field strength of a planar transformer, showing a schematic diagram of the distribution of the magnetic field in the x-axis direction and the z-axis direction that can be generated by a coil in the first winding 201 and the second winding 202 as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the magnetic field strength distribution on the second coil layer L2 is the same as the magnetic field strength distribution on the first coil layer L1 , and will not be repeated here.
  • the magnetic field strength at the position Q4 is The magnetic field strength at position Q3 is The magnetic field strength at position Q2 is The magnetic field strength at position Q1 is It is also an increasing trend distribution.
  • the magnetic field generated by each position on the z-axis from the first coil layer L1 to the fourth coil layer L4 is analyzed, and the coordinate system of the magnetic field intensity value is drawn on the right side of Fig. 4 with the vertical direction as the z-axis, also according to " Right-hand rule"
  • the magnetic field intensity generated by the first coil with 8 turns on the first coil layer L1 is The magnetic field intensity generated by the first coil with 8 turns on the second coil layer L2 is Since the magnetic field of the first coil layer L1 is superimposed at the second coil layer L2, the magnetic field strength at the second coil layer L2 is N ⁇ I1.
  • the magnetic field strength generated by the 4 turns of the second coil on the third coil layer L3 is Since the current directions of the first winding and the second winding are opposite, the direction of the magnetic field generated on the first coil of the first winding and the second coil of the second winding is opposite, so that the magnetic field generated by the third coil layer L4 is the same as that of the second coil
  • the magnetic fields generated at layer L2 are in opposite directions and thus can cancel each other out.
  • H s is the magnetic field intensity at the center of the winding coil, the unit is (A/m); H 1 is the magnetic field strength outside the air gap of the winding coil, in (A/m); H 2 is the magnetic field strength inside the air gap of the winding coil, in (A/m); J is the current density, in (A/m2) ; N is the number of turns of the winding; I is the current of the winding coil, the unit is (A); ⁇ is the skin depth, the unit is (m); ⁇ is the conductivity of the medium, the unit is (S/m); y is The unknown form of the thickness, the unit is (m); h is the thickness, the unit is (m).
  • the present application provides a planar transformer and its winding structure to overcome the eddy current caused by the large magnetic field strength generated by the primary winding and the secondary winding when the current flows through when the planar transformer adopts the winding structure shown in Figure 3 loss problem.
  • the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
  • Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cross-sectional structure of the planar transformer provided by the present application, the winding structure of the planar transformer as shown in Fig. 5 can be applied in the planar transformer as shown in Fig. Taking a rectangle as an example, the winding structure of the planar transformer includes a first winding and a second winding.
  • the N-turn first coil of the first winding and the M-turn coil of the second winding are arranged in the cavity through the center of the rectangular magnetic core 10 as shown in Figure 5, the N-turn first coil and the M-turn second coil Winding parallel to the same plane, the centers of all N turns of the first coil and M turns of the second coil are on the same straight line passing through the center of the magnetic core, and the N turns of the first coil of the first winding 201 are set On the upper and lower sides and left and right sides of the M-turn second coil 202 of the second winding.
  • first winding and the second winding all include annular coils
  • the centers of each coil are located on the same straight line
  • the radii of coils located on the same plane are different
  • the radii of coils located on different planes can be the same or different, therefore
  • the cross section shown in FIG. 5 can be understood as a cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the coil at any position on the first winding 201 and the second winding 202 .
  • all the coils are arranged parallel to the same plane, for multiple coils that are actually located on the same plane and have different radii, these multiple coils can also be referred to as a nested positional relationship.
  • the planar transformer provided by this embodiment since the N-turn first coil is arranged on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the M-turn second coil of the second winding, the first coil and the second coil are The magnetic fields generated when the opposite currents flow through them can be cancelled, thereby reducing the eddy current loss caused by the magnetic field strength in the planar transformer. Therefore, the planar transformer provided by the embodiment of the present application has the technical effects of small magnetic field strength and small eddy current loss.
  • the N-turn first coil includes at least two first-type coil layers and at least one second-type coil layer
  • the M-turn second coil includes at least one third-type coil layer
  • at least two The first-type coil layers are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the at least one third-type coil layer
  • the at least one second-type coil layer is arranged on the left and right sides of the at least one third-type coil layer.
  • the N turns of the first coil of the first winding 201 and the M turns of the second coil of the second winding 202 are formed on different coil layers in the cavity, and the number of coil layers is not limited.
  • Example Define the first type of coil layer, the second type of coil layer and the third type of coil layer to illustrate the relative positional relationship between the N-turn first coil and the M-turn second coil in the structure shown in Figure 5 , for example only.
  • the N-turn first coil of the first winding 201 forms at least two first-type coil layers and at least one second-type coil layer
  • the M-turn second coil of the second winding 202 forms at least one third-type coil layer.
  • the first type of coil layer is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the third type of coil layer
  • the second type of coil layer is arranged on the left and right sides of the third type of coil layer.
  • each first-type coil has 4 turns of coils
  • another 8 turns of the first coil form two second type coil layers
  • each second type coil layer has 4 turns of coils
  • 8 turns of the second coil form two third type coil layers
  • Each coil layer of the third type has 4 coil turns.
  • the division of the N-turn first coil and the M-turn second coil in this embodiment is only an example, and may also be divided into other number of coil layers, and each layer may also include different numbers of coils.
  • Two third-type coil layers 213a and 213b are arranged in the middle of the cavity, and two first-type coil layers are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the third-type coil layers 213a and 213b, wherein the first-type coil layer 211a It is arranged on the upper side of the vertical direction of the coil layer distribution in the figure, and the first type of coil layer 211b is arranged on the lower side of the vertical direction of the coil layer distribution in the figure.
  • Two second-type coil layers are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the third-type coil layer 213, wherein the 2-turn coil in the second-type coil layer 212a is arranged on the third-type coil layer 213a toward the center of the magnetic core
  • the other 2 turns of the coil are arranged on the side away from the center of the magnetic core
  • the 2 turns of the coil in the second type of coil layer 212b are arranged on the side of the third type of coil layer 213b facing the center of the magnetic core
  • the other 2 turns The coil is arranged on the side away from the center of the magnetic core.
  • the third type of coil layer 213a is on the same plane as the second type of coil layer 212a, denoted as the second coil layer L2, and the third type of coil layer 213b is on the same plane as the second type of coil layer 212b, denoted as The third coil layer L3.
  • the plane where the first type coil layer 211a is located is marked as the first type coil layer L1
  • the plane where the first type coil layer 211b is located is marked as the fourth coil layer L4.
  • the first coil layer L1 , the second coil layer L2 , the third coil layer L3 and the fourth coil layer L4 are arranged in sequence.
  • the first coil and the second coil located on the same plane
  • the magnetic fields generated by the two coils cancel each other; in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first coil and the second coil are wound, the magnetic fields generated by the first coil and the second coil located on different planes cancel each other.
  • the distribution method of the N-turn first coil and the M-turn second coil provided by the planar transformer divides the N-turn first coil into a first-type coil and a second-type coil with the same number of coils, and are respectively arranged in the four directions of the upper, lower, left and right of the second coil of M turns, realizing the structure of setting the first coil around the second coil without changing the layered structure of the original planar transformer, It has a relatively simple and direct effect.
  • an insulating isolation structure is provided between adjacent first coils and second coils located on the same plane.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cross-sectional structure of a planar transformer provided by the present application. In the example shown in FIG.
  • An isolation structure 304 is provided between the second type coil layer and the second type coil layer on both sides thereof, for insulating and isolating the first coil and the second coil in the same coil layer.
  • an insulating isolation structure can also be provided between each coil layer, the isolation structure 301 between the first coil layer L1 and the second coil layer L2, the isolation structure 302 between the second coil layer L2 and the third coil layer L3 And the isolation structure 303 between the third coil layer L3 and the fourth coil layer L4 and the like.
  • the insulation structure provided in this embodiment can isolate different coils and prevent coils with different current directions from interacting with each other. Phenomena such as short circuit caused by contact occur, which improves the safety performance of the planar transformer.
  • the N-turn first coil includes two first-type coil layers and two second-type coil layers
  • the M-turn second coil includes two third-type coil layers; the two second-type coil layers
  • the upper and lower sides of the three types of coil layers are respectively provided with a first type of coil layer
  • the left and right sides of the two third type of coil layers are respectively provided with a second type of coil layer.
  • the magnetic fields generated can be canceled in at least two directions, and the cancellation includes all cancellations and partially offset. Therefore, the magnetic field intensity of the planar transformer in at least two directions can be reduced, thereby reducing the eddy current loss in the at least two directions.
  • the first coils in the first type of coil layer are arranged at equal intervals; the first coils in the second type of coil layer are arranged at equal intervals; the second coils in the third type of coil layer The coils are arranged at equal intervals in turn.
  • the number of coils in each coil layer is equal, and the number of coils is up and down. Alignment form, sequentially arranged on a plurality of first straight lines perpendicular to the plane where the first coil and the second coil are wound; the number of first coils in the two second-type coil layers is equal, and is aligned up and down , arranged in turn on a plurality of second straight lines perpendicular to the plane on which the first coil and the second coil are wound.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field strength of the planar transformer provided by the present application.
  • the middle parts of the second coil layer L2 and the third coil layer L3 each include a third type of coil layer formed by four second coils, and the positions of the four second coils are marked as Q1-Q4, as shown in FIG. 7
  • the 4-turn second coils of the third type are arranged at equal intervals sequentially at positions Q1-Q4.
  • the upper and lower sides of the second coil layer L2 and the third coil layer L3 respectively include two first-type winding layers formed by 4 turns of the first coil, and the position of the first coil is recorded as P3-P6, as shown in FIG. 7
  • the 4-turn first coils are arranged at equal intervals in sequence at the positions of P3-P6, and the left and right sides of the second coil layer L2 and the third coil layer L3 respectively include two coils formed by 4-turn first coils.
  • the positions of the first coil are recorded as P1-P2 and P7-P8.
  • the 4 turns of the first coil are in the positions of P1-P2 and P7-P8 in sequence Evenly spaced.
  • the four second coils included in the two third-type coil layers 213a and 213b, and the four first coils included in the two first-type coil layers 211a and 211b are aligned up and down, and Arranged in sequence on multiple first straight lines perpendicular to the winding planes of the first coil and the second coil, the multiple first straight lines may be the four straight lines at the positions of P3-P6 in FIG. 7 .
  • the four first coils included in each of the two second-type coil layers 212a and 212b are aligned up and down, and arranged in sequence on a plurality of second straight lines perpendicular to the winding plane of the first coil and the second coil, and the plurality of first coils
  • the two straight lines can be four straight lines at the positions of P1-P2 and P7-P8 in FIG. 7 .
  • the structure of coils aligned up and down is adopted, so that the magnetic fields between the coils located on the same straight line and with different current directions can be offset, thereby reducing the magnetic field intensity in the z-axis direction.
  • the magnetic field generated by the first coil of the first winding and the magnetic field generated by the second coil of the second winding can partially cancel in the first direction, wherein, in an implementation, the first direction is: in parallel In the plane where the first coil and the second coil are wound, pointing to the line where the centers of the first coil and the second coil are located or in the direction away from the line where the centers of the first coil and the second coil are located, then in the above-mentioned first direction Upward, the magnetic fields generated by the first coil and the second coil located on the same plane can cancel each other, thereby reducing the magnetic field intensity in the first direction when the first coil and the second coil flow currents in different directions.
  • the magnetic field intensity generated at the position P8 is When the first coil at position P7 on the second coil layer L2 flows through the current I1, under the action of the magnetic core, the generated magnetic field strength is also And because the magnetic field at the position P8 is superimposed at the position P7, the magnetic field intensity generated at the position P7 is When the second coil at the position Q4 on the second coil layer L2 flows through the current I2, the magnetic field strength generated at the position Q4 is The direction of the magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field strength generated by the first coil.
  • the magnetic field strength at position Q3 on the second coil layer L2 is The magnetic field strength at position Q2 is The magnetic field strength at position Q1 is The magnetic field strength at position P2 is The magnetic field strength at position P1 is The magnetic field strength on the entire second coil layer L2 presents a fluctuating trend, and does not continuously increase or decrease, and its maximum magnetic field strength is and the maximum value of the magnetic field strength in the x direction in Figure 4 Compared to achieve a reduction in the maximum magnetic field strength.
  • the magnetic field strength distribution on the third coil layer L3 is the same as the magnetic field strength distribution on the second coil layer L2 , and will not be repeated here.
  • the magnetic field strength at the position P6 is The magnetic field strength at position P5 is The magnetic field strength at position P4 is The magnetic field strength at position P3 is Although it is an increasing trend, its maximum value is and the maximum value of the magnetic field strength in the x direction in Figure 4 Compared to that, a reduction in the maximum magnetic field strength is also achieved.
  • the second direction is: in the direction perpendicular to the plane on which the first coil and the second coil are wound, then in the above-mentioned second direction, the first coil and the second coil located on different planes generate The magnetic field can realize full cancellation, so that the magnetic field intensity generated in the second direction can be eliminated when the first coil and the second coil flow through different directions of current.
  • the magnetic field intensity generated at the second coil layer L2 is The magnetic field strength generated at the first coil layer L1 is 0, and compared with the maximum value N ⁇ I1 of the magnetic field strength in the z direction in FIG. 4 , the magnetic field strength in the z direction is eliminated.
  • the planar transformer provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the winding structure shown in FIG. 7 , the magnetic field distribution in at least two directions does not show a completely increasing trend. Instead, they can show a trend of reciprocating changes under the effect of mutual offset.
  • it can greatly reduce the magnetic field intensity in multiple directions and the maximum magnetic field intensity, and according to the calculation formula of eddy current loss, when the magnetic field intensity is smaller, the eddy current loss of the planar transformer is also smaller.
  • the area enclosed by the magnetic field intensity and the x-axis and z-axis can indirectly reflect the size of the eddy current loss.
  • planar transformer provided by the embodiment of the present application has the technical effects of small magnetic field strength and small eddy current loss.
  • planar transformer provided in the embodiment of the present application can divide the coils of windings with more turns into different layers and different types of coil layers, so that the lateral occupied area of the coils can be effectively reduced, so that the windings of the planar transformer can be They are more closely combined to improve the utilization rate of planar transformers.
  • the relative area between the coils of the two windings is larger, and the coupling can be performed more fully, thereby reducing the leakage inductance and improving the performance of the planar transformer.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the AC resistance (AC resistance) of the planar transformer provided by the present application, wherein, in the case of different AC frequencies (Hz) corresponding to the horizontal axis, the S1 curve is as shown in FIG. 3
  • the size (mohm) of the AC resistance produced by the winding of the related art, the S2 curve is the size of the AC resistance produced by the winding of the planar transformer provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the AC resistance of the planar transformer provided by the embodiment of the present application The resistance is smaller, so according to the calculation formula of eddy current loss, the smaller the AC resistance is, the smaller the eddy current loss is, so the offset effect of the magnetic field intensity of the planar transformer provided by the embodiment of the present application is verified from the angle of AC resistance.
  • the center lines of the second coil in the third type of coil layer and the first coil in the first type of coil layer are located on multiple same straight lines.
  • the first coils at positions P3-P6 in the first type of coil layer, and the second coils at positions Q1-Q4 in the third type of coil layer are vertical in Figure 7 The direction is located on 4 identical straight lines.
  • the midlines of the two first coils at position P3 in the first coil layer L1 and the fourth coil layer L4, the two coils at position Q1 in the second coil layer L2 and the third coil layer L3 are on the same straight line, and the same reason , the first coils at the positions of P4, P5 and P6 and the second coils at the positions of Q2, Q3 and Q4 are also distributed on the same straight line.
  • the midlines of the first coils located in different layers in the second type of coil layer are on multiple identical straight lines. For example, in FIG. 7, the second type of coils in the second coil layer L2 and the third coil layer L3 The midlines of the two coils at the positions P1, P2, P7 and P8 of the layer are on the same straight line.
  • At least two first coils located on the same first straight line among the two first-type coil layers are connected in parallel; and/or, two second-type coil layers At least two first coils located on the same second straight line in the coil layer are connected in parallel; and/or, at least two second coils located on the same first straight line in the two third type coil layers For parallel connection relationship.
  • At least two first coils on the same straight line among the two first-type coil layers located in the first coil layer L1 and the fourth coil layer L4 are connected in parallel, for example, in FIG. 7
  • the first coil on the first coil layer L1 at the position P3 and the first coil on the fourth coil layer L4 are connected in parallel; and/or, two second type coils located on the second coil layer L2 and the third coil layer L3
  • at least two first coils on the same straight line are connected in parallel, for example, the first coil on the second coil layer L2 at the position P1 and the first coil on the third coil layer L3 in Fig.
  • the coils are connected in parallel; and/or, at least two second coils located on the same straight line in the two third-type coil layers located in the second coil layer and the third coil layer L3 of L2 are connected in parallel, for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the second coil on the second coil layer L2 at the position of Q1 is connected in parallel with the second coil on the third coil layer L3. Therefore, while the two-turn coil connected by the above-mentioned parallel structure realizes double-wire parallel winding, since the winding radius and length of the two-turn coil are the same, the two-turn coil can better achieve impedance matching and avoid double-wire uneven current. occurs, improving the efficiency of the planar transformer.
  • the first winding is a primary winding
  • the second winding is a secondary winding; or, the first winding is a secondary winding, and the second winding is a primary winding.
  • the planar transformer further includes: an input circuit for inputting current to the primary winding; an output circuit for outputting the induced current of the secondary winding.
  • the first winding described in the foregoing embodiments of the present application may be the primary winding
  • the second winding may be the secondary winding
  • the first winding may receive the input current through the input circuit of the planar transformer, and then the magnetic A magnetic flux is generated in the core, and after the magnetic flux generates an induced current in the second winding, the second winding outputs the induced current through the output circuit.
  • the second winding may be a secondary winding
  • the first winding may be a primary winding, and the implementation methods and principles thereof are the same, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first winding and the second winding can be respectively connected to the primary winding and the secondary winding, and then connected to the input circuit and the output circuit to realize the application in the circuit.
  • the connection relationship between windings and input and output circuits in the planar transformer is not limited, so that the planar transformer can be connected according to the circuit or working conditions during design, which enriches the application scenarios of the planar transformer and makes the planar transformer easy to promote and use.
  • the present application also provides an electronic device, including the planar transformer provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments of the present application.
  • the application also provides an application of the planar transformer in electronic equipment.
  • the planar transformer in the electronic device is configured to use the planar transformer for voltage conversion.
  • the electronic device can be any electronic device that needs to process voltage, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an interactive tablet, and a household appliance.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided by the present application.
  • the electronic device shown in FIG. 9 includes a power module, and the power module can be used to obtain external AC power and perform voltage conversion and other processing on the AC power.
  • the power module may include a planar transformer as provided in any of the foregoing embodiments of the present application, so that after the power module receives AC power from the outside of the electronic device through a plug, etc., the voltage may be converted and output by the planar transformer.
  • the planar transformer provided in the embodiment of this application can be used to convert the input voltage to obtain an output voltage, so that the power module Power other loads in the display screen according to the output voltage.
  • the power module in the fast charging plug uses a planar transformer to convert the input voltage to obtain an output voltage, and then the output voltage is passed through the fast charging plug and the standby The connection line between the charging equipment is transmitted to the equipment to be charged for charging.
  • the present application also provides a voltage conversion method, which can be used in the electronic device as shown in Figure 9. After the electronic device obtains the input voltage, the input voltage is input into the planar transformer provided by any embodiment of the present application, so that the planar transformer is The output voltage is obtained after the input voltage is transformed, and finally the output voltage obtained from the planar transformer can be output.
  • the current on the first winding when the input voltage is sent to the first winding of the planar transformer, the current on the first winding generates magnetic flux in the magnetic core of the planar transformer, thereby generating an output voltage on the second winding, the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage Equal to the ratio of the number of turns of the first winding and the second winding; or, when the input voltage is sent to the second winding of the planar transformer, the current on the second winding generates magnetic flux in the magnetic core of the planar transformer, and then in the first winding An output voltage is generated on the circuit, and the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage is equal to the ratio of the turns of the second winding to the first winding.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构，将平面变压器的第一绕组和第二绕组设置在磁芯的空腔内，并将第一绕组的N匝第一线圈，设置在第二绕组的M匝第二线圈的上、下两侧和左、右两侧，当第一绕组和第二绕组内流经方向相反的电流时，第一线圈和第二线圈的磁场能够相互抵消，从而能够减少了平面变压器内第一绕组和第二绕组在多个方向上的磁场强度，进而减少了平面变压器的涡流损耗。

Description

电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构
本申请要求于2021年11月22日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202111383532.4、发明名称为“电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及变压器技术领域，例如涉及一种电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构。
背景技术
平面变压器是一种具有高频，低造型，高度很小而工作频率高等特点的变压器，通过设置低截面平面化结构的扁平状磁芯，再将原边绕组和副边绕组依次设在磁芯内部来实现电压变换。
相关技术中，绕设在磁芯内的原边绕组和副边绕组在流经电流时，所产生的磁场会给经过平面变压器传输的电能带来较大的涡流损耗。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构、平面变压器的应用，以克服平面变压器中原边绕组和副边绕组在流经电流时产生的磁场强度较大导致的涡流损耗的问题。
本申请第一方面提供一种平面变压器，包括：磁芯、第一绕组和第二绕组；所述磁芯包括贯穿中心设置的空腔，所述第一绕组和所述第二绕组设置在所述空腔内；所述第一绕组和所述第二绕组的电流方向相反；所述第一绕组包括N匝第一线圈，所述第二绕组包括M匝第二线圈；所述N匝第一线圈和所述M匝第二线圈平行于同一个平面分别绕设；所述N匝第一线圈和所述M匝第二线圈的中心位于同一条穿过所述磁芯的中心的直线上；所述N匝第一线圈设置在所述M匝第二线圈的上、下两侧和左、右两侧。
本申请第二方面提供一种平面变压器的绕组结构，可应用于如本申请第一方面任一项提供额平面变压器中，该绕组结构包括：第一绕组和第二绕组，其中，所述第一绕组包括N匝第一线圈，所述第二绕组包括M匝第二线圈；所述N匝第一线圈包括至少两个第一类型的线圈层和至少一个第二类型的线圈层，所述M匝第二线圈包括至少一个第三类型的线圈层；所述至少两个第一类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧，所述至少一个第二类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三 类型的线圈层的左、右两侧。
本申请第三方面提供一种电压变换方法，包括：获取输入电压；将所述输入电压送入平面变压器的第一绕组或者第二绕组，并从所述平面变压器的第二绕组或者第一绕组获取经过电压变换后的输出电压；其中，所述第一绕组包括N匝第一线圈，所述第二绕组包括M匝第二线圈；所述N匝第一线圈包括至少两个第一类型的线圈层和至少一个第二类型的线圈层，所述M匝第二线圈包括至少一个第三类型的线圈层；所述至少两个第一类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧，所述至少一个第二类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧。
本申请第四方面提供一种电子设备，包括：如第一方面所述的平面变压器。
本申请第五方面提供一种如第一方面所述的平面变压器在电子设备中的应用。
综上，本申请提供的电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构、平面变压器的应用，将平面变压器的第一绕组和第二绕组设置在磁芯的空腔内，并将第一绕组的N匝第一线圈，设置在第二绕组的M匝第二线圈的上、下两侧和左、右两侧，当第一绕组和第二绕组内流经方向相反的电流时，第一线圈和第二线圈的磁场能够相互抵消，从而能够减少了平面变压器内第一绕组和第二绕组在多个方向上的磁场强度，进而减少了平面变压器的涡流损耗。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为一种平面变压器的电路结构示意图；
图2为一种平面变压器的结构示意图；
图3为一种平面变压器的截面结构示意图；
图4为一种平面变压器的磁场强度示意图；
图5为本申请提供的平面变压器的截面结构一实施例的示意图；
图6为本申请提供的平面变压器的截面结构另一实施例的示意图；
图7为本申请提供的平面变压器的磁场强度示意图；
图8为本申请提供的平面变压器的交流电阻示意图；
图9为本申请提供的电子设备一实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施例例如能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在正式介绍本申请提供的实施例之前，先结合附图，对本申请提供的平面变压器，以及相关技术中平面变压器所存在的技术问题进行说明。
图1为一种平面变压器的电路结构示意图，其中，平面变压器是一种具有高频，低造型，高度很小而工作频率高等特点的变压器，被广泛应用在电子产品的开关电源中，是开关电源中用于传输电能的磁性供电器件。在一个实施例中，平面变压器可以通过其输入电路A-B接收输入电压V1和输入电流I1，当输入电流I1流经原边绕组R1时，在原边绕组R1和副边绕组R2的磁芯上产生感应电动势，感应电动势又在副边绕组R2上产生感应电流I2，并通过输出电路C-D输出电压V2和电流I2，其中，电压V1和V2的关系与原边绕组R1和副边绕组R2的线圈匝数有关，从而实现电能从A-B侧到C-D侧的传输以及电压从V1到V2的变化。
图2为一种平面变压器的结构示意图，其中，以平面变压器磁芯为低截面平面化结构的扁平状长方体磁芯10作为示例，则在该长方形磁芯内设置有空腔101，第一绕组和第二绕组设置在磁芯10的空腔101内，将第一绕组和第二绕组所在的如图2所示的三维坐标系x-y-z中的平面x-z，则长方体磁芯10在平面x-z上存在两个相对的表面，空腔101从磁芯10在平面x-z上两个相对的表面贯穿磁芯10的中心设置。在一些实施例中，空腔101两侧在z轴方向的高度大于中部的高度，则第一绕组和第二绕组的线圈以磁芯10在y-x平面上的中心为圆心，绕设在空腔101内的两侧。在一 些实施例中，第一绕组201和第二绕组202可以在磁芯10的空腔101内平行于平面x-y依次分层设置，例如在图2所示的示例中的z轴方向，自上而下分别设置有第一绕组201的线圈和第二绕组202的线圈，第一绕组201通过输入电路A-B接收输入电流，第二绕组202通过输出电路C-D输出感应电流，在如图2所示的z-x平面上，流经第一绕组201的电流和流经第二绕组202的电流方向相反，例如第一绕组201的电流方向为y轴正向、第二绕组202的电流方向为y轴负向等。
图3为一种平面变压器的截面结构示意图，如图3所示详细示出了如图2所示的磁芯10的空腔101内，第一绕组201和第二绕组202的设置方式。其中，第一绕组201包括N匝线圈记为N匝第一线圈，N为正整数，图3中以N＝16作为示例，并将16匝第一线圈分为上下两层设置，其中8匝第一线圈形成第一线圈层L1、另外8匝第一线圈形成第二线圈层L2。第二绕组202包括M匝线圈记为M匝第二线圈，M为正整数，图3中以M＝8作为示例，并将8匝第二线圈分为上下两层设置，其中4匝第二线圈形成第三线圈层L3、另外4匝第二线圈形成第四线圈层L4。
图4为一种平面变压器的磁场强度示意图，示出了如图3所示的第一绕组201和第二绕组202中一层线圈所能够产生的磁场在x轴方向和z轴方向的分布示意图。如图4所示，以第一线圈层L1上各位置的第一线圈在x轴所产生的磁场作为示例，在图4下方以水平方向为x轴绘制磁场强度值的坐标系，根据“右手定则”当位于图中第一线圈层L1上最右侧P8位置的第一线圈流经电流I1后，在磁芯的作用下，产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000001
当P7位置的第一线圈流经电流I1后，在磁芯的作用下，产生的磁场强度同样为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000002
而由于P8位置的第一线圈磁场在第一线圈P7处产生叠加，使得P7位置处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000003
以此类推，位置P6处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000004
位置P5处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000005
位置P4处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000006
位置P3处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000007
位置P2处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000008
位置P1处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000009
整个第一线圈层L1上的磁场强度呈现递增趋势分 布。第二线圈层L2上的磁场强度与第一线圈层L1上的磁场强度分布相同，不再赘述。第三线圈层L3和第四线圈层L4上，按照相同的原理，当第二绕组流经电流I2时，位置Q4处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000010
位置Q3处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000011
位置Q2处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000012
位置Q1处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000013
同样是递增趋势分布。
下面对第一线圈层L1到第四线圈层L4上各位置在z轴所产生的磁场进行分析，在图4右侧以竖直方向为z轴绘制磁场强度值的坐标系，同样根据“右手定则”当位于图中第一线圈层L1流经电流I1后，在磁芯的作用下，第一线圈层L1上8匝第一线圈所产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000014
第二线圈层L2上8匝第一线圈所产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000015
而由于第一线圈层L1的磁场在第二线圈层L2处产生叠加，使得第二线圈层L2处的磁场强度为N·I1。第三线圈层L3上4匝第二线圈所产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000016
由于第一绕组和第二绕组的电流方向相反，第一绕组的第一线圈和第二绕组的第二线圈上所产生的磁场方向相反，使得第三线圈层L4所产生的磁场与第二线圈层L2处产生的磁场方向相反因此能够相互抵消。为了便于说明和计算，在如图4所示的示例中，假设M＝N，I1＝I2，则第三线圈层L3上的磁场叠加第二线圈层L2的磁场后，其磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000017
第四线圈层L4上的磁场继续进行叠加后磁场强度为0。
综上，从图4中可以看出，当平面变压器采用如图3所示的绕组的设置结构时，在至少两个方向上的磁场分布都呈现递增的趋势，根据平面变压器的涡流损耗的计算公式：
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000018
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000019
H 1＝H 0+N 1·I 1，H 2＝H 0+N 1·I 1+N 2·I 2，H s为绕组线圈中心的磁场强度，单位为(A/m)；H 1为绕组线圈气隙外侧的磁场强度，单位为(A/m)；H 2为绕组线圈气隙内侧的磁场强度，单位为(A/m)；J为电流密度，单位为(A/m2)；N为绕组的匝数；I为绕组线圈的电流，单位为(A)；δ为集肤深度，单位为(m)；σ为介质的电导率，单位为(S/m)；y为厚度的未知数形式，单位为(m)；h为厚度，单位为(m)。从上述公式可以看出，在平面变压器的其他特征参数保持不变时，涡流损耗P与公式中的变量磁场强度N·I为正相关的变化关系，磁场强度越大时平面变压器的涡流损耗越大，严重降低平面变压器在传输电能时的传输效率。
因此，本申请提供一种平面变压器及其绕组结构，以克服平面变压器采用如图3所示的绕组结构时，原边绕组和副边绕组在流经电流时产生的磁场强度较大导致的涡流损耗的问题。下面以实施例对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图5为本申请提供的平面变压器的截面结构一实施例的示意图，如图5所示的平面变压器的绕组结构可以应用在如图2所示的平面变压器内，图5中同样以磁芯10为长方形作为示例，则该平面变压器的绕组结构包括第一绕组和第二绕组。其中，第一绕组的N匝第一线圈和第二绕组的M匝线圈设置如图5所示的长方形磁芯10的贯穿其中心的空腔内，N匝第一线圈和M匝第二线圈平行于同一个平面分别绕设，所有N匝第一线圈和M匝第二线圈的中心都处于同一条穿过磁芯的中心的直线上，并且第一绕组201的N匝第一线圈，设置在第二绕组的M匝第二线圈202的上、下两侧和左、右两侧。由于第一绕组和第二绕组均包括环形的线圈，每个线圈的圆心都位于同一条直线上，位于同一平面上的线圈的半径不同，位于不同平面上的线圈的半径可以相同或不同，因此如图5所示的截面可以理解为在第一绕组201和第二绕组202上任意位置处，垂直于线圈延伸方向的截面。此外，由于所有线圈平行于同一个平面设置，对于实际位于同一个平面上且半径不同的多个线圈，这多个线圈又可以被称为嵌套的位置关系。
综上，本实施例提供的平面变压器，由于N匝第一线圈设置在第二绕组的M匝第二线圈的上、下两侧和左、右两侧，使得第一线圈和第二线圈在流经反向相反的电流时所产生的磁场能够抵消，进而减少了平面变压器中由磁场强度导致的涡流损耗。因此，本申请实施例提供的平面变压器具有磁场强度小、涡流损耗小的技术效果。
在本申请一实施例中，N匝第一线圈包括至少两个第一类型的线圈层和至少一个第二类型的线圈层，M匝第二线圈包括至少一个第三类型的线圈层；至少两个第一类型的线圈层设置在至少一个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧，至少一个第二类型的线圈层设置在至少一个第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧。
在一些实施例中，第一绕组201的N匝第一线圈和第二绕组202的M匝第二线圈在空腔内形成不同的线圈层上，且线圈层的数量不做限定，本申请实施例定义第一类型的线圈层、第二类型的线圈层和第三类型的线圈层，来对如图5所示的结构中N匝第一线圈和M匝第二线圈的相对位置关系进行说明，仅为示例。其中，第一绕组201的N匝第一线圈形成至少两个第一类型的线圈层和至少一个第二类型的线圈层，同时，第二绕组202的M匝第二线圈形成至少一个第三类型的线圈层。其中，第一类型的线圈层设置在第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧，第二类型的线圈层设置在第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧。
例如，在图5所示的示例中，假设N＝16，M＝8，则16匝第一线圈中的8匝第一线圈形成两个第一类型的线圈层，每个第一类型的线圈层有4匝线圈，另外8匝第一线圈形成两个第二类型的线圈层，每个第二类型的线圈层有4匝线圈；8匝第二线圈形成两个第三类型的线圈层，每个第三类型的线圈层有4匝线圈。需要说明的是，本实施例中对N匝第一线圈和M匝第二线圈的划分仅为示例，还可以划分成其他数量的线圈层，每层也可以包括不同数量的线圈。
两层第三类型的线圈层213a和213b设置在空腔中部，两个第一类型的线圈层设置在第三类型的线圈层213a和213b的上下两侧，其中，第一类型的线圈层211a设置在图中线圈层分布的竖直方向的上侧，第一类型的线圈层211b设置在图中线圈分布的竖直方向的下侧。两个第二类型的线圈层分别设置在第三类型的线圈层213的左右两侧，其中，第二类型的线圈层212a中的2匝线圈设置在第三类型的线圈层213a朝向磁芯中心的一侧、另外2匝线圈设置在远离磁芯中心的一侧，第二类型的线圈层212b中的2匝线圈设置在第三类型的线圈层213b朝向磁芯中心的一侧、另外2匝线圈设置在远离磁芯中心的一侧。
第三类型的线圈层213a与第二类型的线圈层212a处于同一个平面，记为第二线圈层L2，第三类型的线圈层213b与第二类型的线圈层212b处于同一个平面，记为第三线圈层L3。第一类型的线圈层211a所在的平面记为第一类线圈层L1，第一类型的线圈层211b所在的平面记为第四线圈层L4。如图5所示的结构中，第一线圈层L1、第二线圈层L2、第三线圈层L3和第四线圈层L4依次排列。
在本申请一实施例中，在平行于第一线圈和第二线圈绕设的平面内，远离或指向第 一线圈和第二线圈中心所在直线的方向上，位于同一平面的第一线圈和第二线圈产生的磁场相互抵消；在垂直于第一线圈和第二线圈绕设的平面的方向上，位于不同平面上的第一线圈和第二线圈产生的磁场相互抵消。
综上，本实施例提供的平面变压器提供的N匝第一线圈和M匝第二线圈的分布方式，将N匝第一线圈分成线圈数量相同的第一类型的线圈和第二类型的线圈，并分别设置在M匝第二线圈的上、下和左、右共四个方向，实现了将第一线圈环绕第二线圈设置的结构，其没有改变原有平面变压器的分层设置的结构，具有实现较为简单、直接的效果。
在本申请一实施例中，位于同一个平面上相邻的第一线圈和第二线圈之间，设置绝缘隔离结构。
在一些实施例中，在第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3中，由于在同一个平面上相邻设置了电流方向相反的第二类型的线圈层和第三类型的线圈层，为了对不同电流方向的线圈进行绝缘隔离，在第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3的第二类型的线圈层和第三类型的线圈层之间可以设置隔离结构。例如，图6为本申请提供的平面变压器的截面结构另一实施例的示意图，在图6所示的示例中，第二类型的线圈层L2和L3中，位于中部的第三类型的线圈层和其两侧的第二类型的线圈层之间设置有隔离结构304，用于将处于同一个线圈层的第一线圈和第二线圈进行绝缘隔离。同时，每个线圈层之间也可以设置绝缘隔离结构，第一线圈层L1和第二线圈层L2之间的隔离结构301、第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3之间的隔离结构302以及第三线圈层L3和第四线圈层L4之间的隔离结构303等。综上，由于相邻的第一线圈和第二线圈之间流经的电流方向不同，本实施例中所设置的绝缘结构，能够让不同线圈之间隔离开，防止电流方向不同的线圈之间相互接触产生的短路等现象发生，提高平面变压器的安全性能。
在本申请一实施例中，N匝第一线圈包括两个第一类型的线圈层和两个第二类型的线圈层，M匝第二线圈包括两个第三类型的线圈层；两个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧分别设置有一个第一类型的线圈层，两个第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧分别设置有一个第二类型的线圈层。
在一些实施例中，本申请提供的平面变压器中，第一线圈和第二线圈在流经不同方向的电流时，所产生的磁场可以在至少两个方向上实现抵消，所述抵消包括全部抵消和部分抵消。因此能够减少平面变压器在至少两个方向上的磁场强度，进而减少在该至少两个方向上的涡流损耗。
在本申请一实施例中，第一类型的线圈层中的第一线圈依次等间距排列；第二类型的 线圈层中的第一线圈依次等间距排列；第三类型的线圈层中的第二线圈依次等间距排列。
在本申请一实施例中，两个第三类型的线圈层中的第二线圈和两个第一类型的线圈层中的第一线圈中，每个线圈层中的线圈数量相等，且呈上下对齐形式，依次排列在垂直于第一线圈和第二线圈绕设的平面的多条第一直线上；两个第二类型的线圈层中的第一线圈的数量相等，且呈上下对齐形式，依次排列在垂直于第一线圈和第二线圈绕设的平面的多条第二直线上。
例如，图7为本申请提供的平面变压器的磁场强度示意图，在如图7所示的平面变压器中，以第一绕组和第二绕组形成四个线圈层L1-L4，以及第一绕组的第一线圈匝数N＝16、第二绕组的第二线圈匝数M＝8作为示例。则第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3的中部各包括4个第二线圈形成的第三类型的线圈层，将4匝第二线圈的位置记为Q1-Q4，如图7所示的水平方向上，第三类型的4匝第二线圈在Q1-Q4位置上依次等间距排列。第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3的上下两侧各包括两个由4匝第一线圈形成的第一类型的绕组层，将第一线圈的位置记为P3-P6，如图7所示的水平方向上，4匝第一线圈在P3-P6的位置上依次等间距排列、第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3的左右两侧各包括两个由4匝第一线圈形成的第二类型的绕组层，将第一线圈的位置记为P1-P2和P7-P8，如图7所示的水平方向上，4匝第一线圈在P1-P2和P7-P8的位置上依次等间距排列。
结合图5，两个第三类型的线圈层213a和213b中各自包括的4个第二线圈，以及两个第一类型的线圈层211a和211b中各自包括的4个第一线圈上下对齐，并依次排列在垂直于第一线圈和第二线圈绕设平面的多条第一直线上，多条第一直线可以是图7中P3-P6所在位置的4条直线。两个第二类型的线圈层212a和212b中各自包括的4个第一线圈上下对齐，并依次排列在垂直于第一线圈和第二线圈绕设平面的多条第二直线上，多条第二直线可以是图7中P1-P2和P7-P8所在位置的4条直线。综上，本实施例中采用线圈上下对齐的结构，使得位于同一条直线上，不同电流方向的线圈之间的磁场能够实现抵消，进而实现z轴方向上磁场强度的减少。
此时，第一绕组的第一线圈所产生的磁场与第二绕组的第二线圈所产生的磁场在第一方向上可实现部分抵消，其中，在一实施中，第一方向为：在平行于第一线圈和第二线圈所绕设的平面内，指向第一线圈和第二线圈的中心所在直线或者远离第一线圈和第二线圈的中心所在直线的方向上，则在上述第一方向上，位于同一平面的第一线圈和第二线圈产生的磁场可以相互抵消，从而能够减少第一线圈和第二线圈在流经不同方向的电流时，于第一方向上的磁场强度。
在一实施例中，如图7所示，以第二线圈层L2所在的平面内，所有线圈在图7 中x轴指示的第一方向上产生的磁场作为示例，对第一方向上第一线圈和第二线圈的磁场的相互抵消进行说明。根据“右手定则”当位于图中第二线圈层L2上最右侧的P8位置的第一线圈流经电流I1后，在磁芯的作用下，P8位置产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000020
当第二线圈层L2上P7位置的第一线圈流经电流I1后，在磁芯的作用下，产生的磁场强度同样为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000021
而由于P8位置处的磁场在P7位置处产生叠加，使得位置P7处产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000022
当第二线圈层L2上的位置Q4处的第二线圈流经电流I2，在Q4位置处产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000023
磁场方向与第一线圈产生的磁场强度方向相反，为了便于说明和计算，假设M＝N，I1＝I2，则在Q4位置的磁场强度抵消为0。以此类推，在第二线圈层L2上位置Q3处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000024
位置Q2处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000025
位置Q1处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000026
位置P2处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000027
位置P1处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000028
整个第二线圈层L2上的磁场强度呈现波动趋势，并没有持续递增或递减，其最大磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000029
与图4中x方向上磁场强度的最大值
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000030
相比实现了最大磁场强度的减少。
第三线圈层L3上的磁场强度与第二线圈层L2上的磁场强度分布相同，不再赘述。
第一线圈层L1和第四线圈层L4上，按照相同的原理，位置P6处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000031
位置P5处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000032
位置P4处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000033
位置P3处的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000034
虽然属于递增趋势，但其最大值为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000035
与图4中x方向上磁场强度的最大值
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000036
相比，也实现了最大磁场强度的减少。
在一个实施中，第二方向为：在垂直于第一线圈和第二线圈所绕设的平面的方向上，则在上述第二方向上，位于不同平面的第一线圈和第二线圈产生的磁场可以实现全部抵消，从而能够消除第一线圈和第二线圈在流经不同方向的电流时，于第二方向上所产生的磁场强度。
同样地，以图7中的结果作为示例，对位于不同的第一线圈层L1到第四线圈层L4四个不同平面上的第一线圈和第二线圈，在图7中z轴指示的第二方向上所产生的磁场的相互抵消进行说明。在一实施例中，在图7右侧以竖直方向为z轴绘制磁场强度值的坐标系，同样根据“右手定则”当位于图中第四线圈层L4的第一线圈流经电流I1后，其磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000037
第三线圈层L3内的第一线圈流经电流I1产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000038
第二线圈流经电流I2时产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000039
为了便于计算，假设M＝N，I1＝I2，则磁场强度在第二线圈层L2相互抵消为0。以此类推，在第二线圈层L2处产生的磁场强度为
Figure PCTCN2021140383-appb-000040
在第一线圈层L1处产生的磁场强度为0，与图4中在z方向上磁场强度的最大值N·I1相比，消除了z方向上的磁场强度。
综上，从图7中可以看出，当本申请实施例提供的平面变压器采用如图7所示的绕组的设置结构时，在至少两个方向上的磁场分布都没有呈现完全递增的趋势，而是能够在相互抵消的作用下呈现往复变化的趋势。与图4中相关技术相比，能够极大地减少了多个方向上的磁场强度以及最大磁场强度，并且根据涡流损耗的计算公式，当磁场强度越小时，平面变压器的涡流损耗也越小。如图4和图7所示的磁场强度和x轴、z轴围成的面积可以间接反映涡流损耗的大小，可以看出图7所示的磁场强度与x轴、z轴围成的面积小于图4中对应的面积，因此，本申请实施例提供的平面变压器具有磁场强度小、涡流损耗小的技术效果。
此外，本申请实施例中提供的平面变压器可以将匝数较多的绕组的线圈分为设置在不同层且不同类型的线圈层，从而可以有效减少线圈的横向占用面积，使得平面变压器的绕组可以更加紧密地结合在一起，提高平面变压器的利用率。同时，采用第一绕组包围第二绕组的设置方式，两个绕组的线圈之间的相对面积更大，能够更加充分地进行耦合，从而减少漏感、提高平面变压器的性能。
在一些实施例中，图8为本申请提供的平面变压器的交流电阻(AC电阻)示意图， 其中，在横轴对应的不同交流电频率(Hz)的情况下，S1曲线为如图3所示的相关技术的绕组所产生的AC电阻的大小(mohm)，S2曲线为本申请实施例提供的平面变压器的绕组所产生的AC电阻的大小，可以看出，本申请实施例提供的平面变压器的AC电阻更小，从而根据涡流损耗的计算公式，AC电阻更小时涡流损耗也越小，从而通过AC电阻的角度验证了本申请实施例提供的平面变压器的磁场强度的抵消效果。
在一些实施例中，本申请提供的平面变压器中，第三类型的线圈层中的第二线圈和第一类型的线圈层中的第一线圈的中线位于多条相同的直线上。例如，在如图7所示的平面变压器中，第一类型的线圈层中位置P3-P6的第一线圈、和第三类型的线圈层位置Q1-Q4的第二线圈在图7中竖直方向上位于4条相同的直线上。使得第一线圈层L1和第四线圈层L4中位置P3的2个第一线圈、第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3中位置Q1的2个线圈的中线处于同一条直线上，同理，在P4、P5和P6位置处的第一线圈与Q2、Q3和Q4位置处的第二线圈也分布处于同一条直线上。同时，第二类型的线圈层中位于不同层的第一线圈的中线在多条相同的直线上，例如，在图7中，第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3中第二类型的线圈层在位置P1、P2、P7和P8位置的2个线圈的中线处于同一条直线上。
在本申请第一方面一实施例中，两个第一类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条第一直线上的第一线圈为并联连接关系；和/或，两个第二类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条第二直线上的第一线圈为并联连接关系；和/或，两个第三类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条第一直线上的第二线圈为并联连接关系。
在一些实施例中，位于第一线圈层L1和第四线圈层L4的两个第一类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条直线上的第一线圈为并联连接关系，例如，图7中位于P3位置的第一线圈层L1上的第一线圈和第四线圈层L4上的第一线圈并联连接；和/或，位于第二线圈层L2和第三线圈层L3的两个第二类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条直线上的第一线圈为并联连接关系，例如，图7中位于P1位置的第二线圈层L2上的第一线圈和第三线圈层L3上的第一线圈并联连接；和/或，位于第二线圈层和L2第三线圈层L3的两个第三类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条直线上的第二线圈为并联连接关系，例如，图7中位于Q1位置的第二线圈层L2上的第二线圈和第三线圈层L3上的第二线圈并联连接。因此，采用上述并联结构连接的两匝线圈在实现双线并绕的同时，由于两匝线圈的绕设半径、长度相同使得两匝线圈能够更好地实现阻抗匹配，避免了双线不均流的情况发生，提高了平面变压器的效率。
在本申请一实施例中，第一绕组为原边绕组，第二绕组为副边绕组；或者，第一绕组为副边绕组，第二绕组为原边绕组。在本申请一实施例中，平面变压器还包括：输入电路，用于向原边绕组输入电流；输出电路，用于将副边绕组的感应电流输出。
在一些实施例中，本申请前述实施例所述的第一绕组可以是原边绕组，第二绕组可以是副边绕组，则第一绕组可以通过平面变压器的输入电路接收输入电流后，在磁芯内产生磁通量，磁通量在第二绕组产生感应电流后，第二绕组通过输出电路将感应电流输出。或者，第二绕组可以是副边绕组、第一绕组可以是原边绕组，其实现方式及原理相同，不再赘述。综上，本实施例提供的平面变压器中，所设置的第一绕组和第二绕组可以分别连接原边绕组和副边绕组，进而连接输入电路与输出电路，实现在电路中的应用，而对于平面变压器中绕组、输入输出电路的连接关系不做限定，使得平面变压器在设计时可以根据电路或者工况进行连接，丰富了平面变压器的应用场景，并使得该平面变压器易于推广与使用。
本申请还提供一种电子设备，包括如本申请前述任一实施例中提供的平面变压器。本申请还提供一种平面变压器在电子设备中的应用。在一些实施例中，电子设备中的平面变压器被配置为使用平面变压器进行电压变换。电子设备可以是手机、平板电脑、交互平板、家用电器等任意需要对电压进行处理的电子设备。
示例性地，图9为本申请提供的电子设备一实施例的结构示意图，如图9所示的电子设备中包括电源模块，电源模块可用于获取外部交流电，并对交流电进行电压变换等处理，则电源模块可以包括如本申请前述任意实施例中提供的平面变压器，使得电源模块在通过插头等形式接收到电子设备外部的交流电后，可以通过平面变压器对电压进行变换后输出。
例如，当电子设备为显示屏幕时，由于一些超薄的显示屏幕要求变压器的厚度较小，因此可以使用本申请实施例中提供的平面变压器，对输入电压进行变换后得到输出电压，使得电源模块根据输出电压为显示屏幕内的其他负载供电。
又例如，当电子设备为手机、平板电脑等待充电设备的快充插头时，快充插头内的电源模块使用平面变压器对输入电压进行变换后得到输出电压，进而将输出电压通过快充插头与待充电设备之间的连接线，传输到待充电设备进行充电。
本申请还提供一种电压变换方法，可用于如图9所示的电子设备中，在电子设备获取输入电压后，将输入电压输入本申请任一实施例提供的平面变压器中，使得平面变压器对输入电压进行电压变换后得到输出电压，最终可以将从平面变压器获取的输出电压输出。 示例性地，当输入电压送入平面变压器的第一绕组，则第一绕组上的电流在平面变压器的磁芯内产生磁通量，进而在第二绕组上产生输出电压，输入电压和输出电压之比等于第一绕组和第二绕组的匝数之比；或者，当输入电压送入平面变压器的第二绕组，则第二绕组上的电流在平面变压器的磁芯内产生磁通量，进而在第一绕组上产生输出电压，输入电压和输出电压之比等于第二绕组和第一绕组的匝数之比。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种平面变压器，其中，包括：
    磁芯、第一绕组和第二绕组；所述磁芯包括贯穿中心设置的空腔，所述第一绕组和所述第二绕组设置在所述空腔内；所述第一绕组和所述第二绕组的电流方向相反；
    所述第一绕组包括N匝第一线圈，所述第二绕组包括M匝第二线圈；所述N匝第一线圈和所述M匝第二线圈平行于同一个平面分别绕设；所述N匝第一线圈和所述M匝第二线圈的中心位于同一条穿过所述磁芯的中心的直线上；所述N匝第一线圈设置在所述M匝第二线圈的上、下两侧和左、右两侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的平面变压器，其中，
    所述N匝第一线圈包括至少两个第一类型的线圈层和至少一个第二类型的线圈层，所述M匝第二线圈包括至少一个第三类型的线圈层；
    所述至少两个第一类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧，所述至少一个第二类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的平面变压器，其中，
    所述N匝第一线圈包括两个第一类型的线圈层和两个第二类型的线圈层，所述M匝第二线圈包括两个第三类型的线圈层；
    所述两个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧分别设置有一个所述第一类型的线圈层，所述两个第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧分别设置有一个所述第二类型的线圈层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的平面变压器，其中，
    所述两个第三类型的线圈层中的第二线圈和所述两个第一类型的线圈层中的第一线圈中，每个线圈层中的线圈数量相等，且呈上下对齐形式，依次排列在垂直于所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈绕设的平面的多条第一直线上；
    所述两个第二类型的线圈层中的第一线圈的数量相等，且呈上下对齐形式，依次排列在垂直于所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈绕设的平面的多条第二直线上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的平面变压器，其中，
    所述两个第一类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条第一直线上的第一线圈为并联连接关系；和/或，
    所述两个第二类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条第二直线上的第一线圈为并联连接关系；和/或，
    所述两个第三类型的线圈层中至少两个位于同一条第一直线上的第二线圈为并联连 接关系。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的平面变压器，其中，
    所述第一类型的线圈层中的第一线圈依次等间距排列；
    所述第二类型的线圈层中的第一线圈依次等间距排列；
    所述第三类型的线圈层中的第二线圈依次等间距排列。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的平面变压器，其中，
    位于同一个平面上相邻的所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈之间，设置绝缘隔离结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的平面变压器，其中，
    所述第一绕组为原边绕组，所述第二绕组为副边绕组；
    或者，所述第一绕组为副边绕组，所述第二绕组为原边绕组。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的平面变压器，其中，还包括：
    输入电路，用于向所述原边绕组输入电流；
    输出电路，用于将所述副边绕组的感应电流输出。
  10. 一种平面变压器的绕组结构，其中，包括：
    第一绕组和第二绕组，其中，所述第一绕组包括N匝第一线圈，所述第二绕组包括M匝第二线圈；所述N匝第一线圈包括至少两个第一类型的线圈层和至少一个第二类型的线圈层，所述M匝第二线圈包括至少一个第三类型的线圈层；所述至少两个第一类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧，所述至少一个第二类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧。
  11. 一种电压变换方法，其中，包括：
    获取输入电压；
    将所述输入电压输入平面变压器的第一绕组或者第二绕组，并从所述平面变压器的第二绕组或者第一绕组获取经过电压变换后的输出电压；其中，所述第一绕组包括N匝第一线圈，所述第二绕组包括M匝第二线圈；所述N匝第一线圈包括至少两个第一类型的线圈层和至少一个第二类型的线圈层，所述M匝第二线圈包括至少一个第三类型的线圈层；所述至少两个第一类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的上、下两侧，所述至少一个第二类型的线圈层设置在所述至少一个第三类型的线圈层的左、右两侧。
  12. 一种电子设备，其中，包括：如权利要求1-9任一项所述的平面变压器。
  13. 一种如权利要求1-9任一项所述的平面变压器在电子设备中的应用。
PCT/CN2021/140383 2021-11-22 2021-12-22 电压变换方法、电子设备、平面变压器及其绕组结构 WO2023087484A1 (zh)

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