WO2023085772A1 - Mirna 억제제를 이용한 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환의 진단, 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 - Google Patents
Mirna 억제제를 이용한 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환의 진단, 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases comprising a miRNA (microRNA) inhibitor as an active ingredient; a kit for diagnosing vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases comprising an agent capable of detecting miRNA; a method for providing information on diagnosis of the disease; and treatment methods.
- a miRNA miRNA
- EC endothelial cell
- smooth muscle cells smooth muscle cells
- internal accumulation of low-density lipoproteins combined with impaired blood flow can cause inflammation in ECs, and monocytes/macrophages adhere to inflamed EC lesions, infiltrate the EC monolayer, and absorb lipid particles to become foam cells.
- monocytes/macrophages adhere to inflamed EC lesions, infiltrate the EC monolayer, and absorb lipid particles to become foam cells.
- the generated macrophage-driven foam cells and immune cells of atherosclerotic lesions secrete many growth factors and cytokines that stimulate smooth muscle cells for dedifferentiation and fibrotic cap formation. The entire atherogenic process, including the initial inflammatory response, eventually results in occlusion of the arterial lumen.
- miRNA Since microRNA (abbreviated as miRNA) was discovered while studying the lin-4 gene in nematodes in 1993, the role of miRNA as a translational regulator has received much attention over the past few decades. A unique feature of miRNAs is that they simultaneously regulate the expression of multiple genes in their 3' UTR, and in fact, several studies have attempted to find and characterize vascular miRNAs that regulate the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (Farina, 2020 #2619; Torella, 2018 # 2618; Ji, 2007 #2617). Nevertheless, there has been no genome-wide screen for common vascular miRNAs in rodents and humans.
- the present inventors have diligently studied to screen for vascular miRNAs related to hyperproliferation and migration of arterial smooth muscle cells.
- the present invention was completed by identifying miRNAs, and in particular, confirming that miR-370-3p is a new miRNA related to proliferative diseases of smooth muscle cells, which is very important in atherosclerosis.
- One object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases comprising a miRNA (microRNA) inhibitor as an active ingredient.
- a miRNA miRNA
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a kit for diagnosing vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases including an agent capable of detecting miRNA.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for providing information for diagnosing vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition containing a miRNA expression inhibitor to a non-human subject in need thereof.
- the present invention discovered miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p and miR-410-3p, a subset of miRNAs involved in proliferative diseases of vascular smooth muscle cells, and these miRNAs were damaged compared to the control group.
- the expression of miR-370-3p was significantly increased by more than 5-fold in arteries, and miR-370-3p in particular was found to be highly expressed in coronary tissues of patients with atherosclerosis, so it can be usefully used for the diagnosis of the disease, and furthermore, vascular smooth muscle cells using it It can also be used for prevention or treatment of proliferative diseases.
- Figure 1a is a heat map analysis of miRNAs differentially expressed on days 3 and 5 of arterial injury compared to sham control from a balloon injured artery animal model.
- Figure 1b is a graph showing 8 up-regulated miRNAs and 2 down-regulated miRNAs showing a 5-fold or more change in expression level among differentially expressed miRNAs.
- Figure 1c is a graph confirming that 6 of the 8 up-regulated miRNAs of Figure 1b were remarkably expressed in human smooth muscle cells.
- Figure 2a shows that miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p have significant inhibitory effects on smooth muscle cell proliferation, as confirmed using human vascular smooth muscle cells transfected with miRNA inhibitors to confirm the role of up-regulated miRNAs. and miR-130b-5p, miR-132-3p and miR-410-3p markedly inhibit monocyte adhesion.
- 2b and 2c are graphs showing that miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p inhibitors inhibit time-dependent proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells by inducing cell cycle arrest in the cell cycle G1 phase.
- 2D is a graph showing that miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p inhibitors significantly increased the levels of p21 and p27, which are cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.
- Figure 2e is a graph confirming that miR-132-3p is involved in smooth muscle cell phenotype transition through conversion of smooth muscle cells to a contractile phenotype by restoring the SMA level of miR-132-3p inhibitor.
- Figure 2f is a graph confirming again that the synthetic phenotype of human vascular smooth muscle cells was transformed into a contractile phenotype by the miR-132-3p inhibitor through F-actin filaments.
- Figure 3a confirms the arterial expression levels through in situ hybridization of the four selected miRNAs. It was confirmed that miR-410-3p was induced by balloon injury.
- Figure 3b is a photograph and a graph confirming that catheter-mediated local intramural delivery of the selected four miRNA inhibitors markedly regressed neointimal proliferation in balloon injured lesions compared to the control group.
- Figure 3c shows the antiproliferative efficacy in EC, as miR-130b-5p inhibitor among miRNAs promotes recovery of EC monolayer through re-endothelialization.
- Figure 4 profiles differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) in injured arteries.
- Figure 4b confirms up-regulated and down-regulated DEGs through heat map analysis.
- Figure 4c is a graph confirming that the predicted target genes of the selected four miRNAs were down-regulated in the balloon-injured carotid artery compared to the sham control group through real-time PCR.
- 4D is a graph confirming that SOCS2, BMP7, TSPAN2, and SMAD6 are target genes of miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p, and miR-410-3p miRNAs, respectively, through real-time PCR.
- Figure 5a confirms high expression of miR-370-3p in coronary tissue sections of human patients with atherosclerosis type II and type IV lesions.
- 5b shows the relationship between miR-370-3p and BMP7 through serum stimulation. Serum stimulation induced miR-370-3p expression, but decreased BMP7 expression.
- Figure 5d confirms that miR-370-3p mimics reduce luciferase expression containing a wild-type UTR rather than a negative control mutated two contiguous nucleotides within the miR-370-3p target region of human BMP7-3'UTR. .
- Figure 5f demonstrates that smooth muscle cell proliferation inhibited by the miR-370-3p inhibitor was restored as BMP7 was reduced by siRNA transfection.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases comprising a miRNA (microRNA) inhibitor as an active ingredient.
- a miRNA miRNA
- the present invention provides a use of miRNA (microRNA) inhibitors for preventing or treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases.
- miRNA miRNA
- the term "miRNA” can be described as microRNA, microRNA, etc., and is a small RNA that plays a role in controlling the gene expression of organisms, specifically, complementary to the target mRNA 3'UTR (untranslated region). It is a small RNA containing 20 to 25 nucleotides that can play an important regulatory role in the gene expression process through inhibition of target mRNA translation by base pairing.
- the miRNA plays an important role in cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and is an evolutionarily conserved regulator present in all animals, and some miRNAs have epigenetic regulatory mechanisms related to their promoter regions ( histone modifications, DNA methylation, etc.) can lead to gene expression regulation.
- the miRNA used in the present invention regulates the hyperproliferation, phenotypic transition, and migration of smooth muscle cells, and specifically, miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p and miR -410-3p was determined. In addition, their key target genes were further identified, and in particular, miR-370-3p was found to be a new miRNA related to atherosclerosis, which was identified for the first time by the present inventors.
- miRNA inhibitor refers to an agent that reduces the expression or activity of each miRNA in a cell, which directly acts on each miRNA or indirectly acts on a top regulator to regulate target gene expression. It can mean blocking miRNA.
- the miRNA inhibitor may mean to regulate vascular smooth muscle cell function and neointimal proliferation in vivo by inhibiting miRNAs upregulated in injured arteries, specifically miR-132-3p, miR-370- Each inhibitor for 3p, miR-130b-5p or miR-410-3p may be meant, but is not limited thereto.
- miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p or miR-410-3p specific inhibitors may be used for the miRNA suppression, specifically, each miRNA-specific inhibitor siRNA aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes or compounds, but are not limited thereto.
- siRNA aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes or compounds may be used.
- any compound that inhibits miRNA associated with neointimal growth in vivo may be used.
- the injured artery for the purpose of the present invention, is artificially damaged artery to screen for vascular miRNAs whose expression is related to arterial smooth muscle cell hyperplasia. did
- RNAs differentially expressed in injured arteries their expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells was confirmed among 62 miRNAs differentially expressed on the 3rd and 5th day of injury compared to the control group. Six upregulated miRNAs were identified (Fig. 1).
- upregulated means that mature miRNA (mature miRNA) increases as the transcription and processing of a specific miRNA increases.
- can Increased expression for the purpose of the present invention may specifically mean a significant increase of 5 times or more compared to the control group, but is not limited thereto.
- vascular smooth muscle cells refers to cells constituting the inner wall of blood vessels and functions to maintain a constant blood pressure through contraction and relaxation. In normal blood vessels, smooth muscle cells differentiate to produce proteins necessary for contraction and relaxation and stop cell proliferation. However, when functional problems arise and dedifferentiation occurs, blood vessels become narrow, resulting in diseases such as arteriosclerosis and restenosis. These vascular diseases are closely related to the function of vascular smooth muscle cells, and therefore, vascular smooth muscle cell models are a major cell model in research on vascular diseases.
- the term “proliferation” refers to an increase in the number of organisms or tissue cells through cell division, and usually means an increase in cells in the body of a multicellular organism.
- the cell proliferation may mean the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and excessive proliferation of these vascular smooth muscle cells is an important factor in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions.
- vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease refers to a disease caused by excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
- the vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases include not only vascular stenosis, vascular restenosis, atherosclerosis, and atherosclerosis, which are directly caused by the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, but also secondary to these diseases. It can include heart failure, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, arrhythmia, hypertensive heart disease, congenital heart disease, stroke, or peripheral vascular stenosis, which are induced or worsening symptoms.
- the vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease may be specifically, vascular stenosis, vascular restenosis, atherosclerosis, or atherosclerosis.
- the vascular stenosis is a disease in which the inside of a blood vessel is abnormally narrowed and blood flow is reduced due to inflammation, blood clots, and excessive proliferation of smooth muscle cells after the vessel wall is damaged.
- Vascular restenosis is a recurrence of vascular stenosis, which often occurs after a vascular procedure, such as dilating a blood vessel lumen or opening a clogged vessel to resolve vascular stenosis.
- vascular procedures such as angioplasty, such as stent/balloon angioplasty, or vascular bypass or vascular graft, such as coronary artery bypass surgery, may damage blood vessels or , causing inflammation and vasoconstriction.
- Atherosclerosis is a disease in which fat is deposited or fibrotic in the inner layer of arteries. Both the progression of arteriosclerosis and vascular restenosis that occurs after stent insertion for vascular expansion are related to the proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix secretion of vascular smooth muscle cells. is known to be caused by
- prevention refers to any activity that inhibits or delays the onset of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease by administration of the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention
- treatment refers to the administration of the pharmaceutical composition. It refers to all activities that improve or beneficially change the symptoms of suspected or affected subjects of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases by
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention inhibits the activity and/or expression of miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p or miR-410-3p, thereby preventing or treating diseases related thereto.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention contains miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p or miR-410-3p inhibitor as an active ingredient in an amount of 0.1 to 75% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, more preferably may be contained in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight.
- the pharmaceutical composition may further include a complex form with various nucleic acid carriers (viral or non-viral carriers) known in the art to increase the in vivo delivery efficiency of the miRNA inhibitor.
- nucleic acid carriers viral or non-viral carriers
- the viral carrier lentivirus, adenovirus, and adeno-associated virus can be used to deliver miRNA-encoding vectors into the nucleus of cells to express miRNA inhibitors.
- non-viral carriers include inorganic nanoparticle-based carriers whose size and shape can be controlled using inorganic materials such as gold, carbon, and silica, and PLGA and PEI specially modified for effective delivery in specific cells.
- Lipid transporters using polymer-based carriers such as , liposomes, etc. which are composed of a lipid bilayer and have water as an inner phase and can encapsulate and deliver nucleic acids, etc., can protect miRNA inhibitors and improve stability during blood circulation.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be administered as an individual therapeutic agent or in combination with other therapeutic agents, and may be administered sequentially or simultaneously with conventional therapeutic agents. And it can be single or multiple administrations. It is important to administer the amount that can obtain the maximum effect with the minimum amount without side effects in consideration of all the above factors, and can be easily determined by those skilled in the art.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be administered parenterally (for example, intravenously, subcutaneously, intraperitoneally or topically) according to the desired method, and the dosage is the patient's condition and weight, the severity of the disease, the drug form , Depending on the administration route and time, it can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.
- miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p showed significant inhibitory effects on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation as a result of confirming up-regulated miRNAs regulating vascular smooth muscle cell function in vitro. , it was confirmed that monocyte adhesion to vascular smooth muscle cells was significantly inhibited by miR-130b-5p, miR-132-3p and miR-410-3p, and in-depth analysis of proliferation-related miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p Through investigation, it was confirmed that there is a possibility of regulating phenotypic transition and proliferation signals, respectively (FIG. 2).
- miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p and miR-410-3p were identified to identify up-regulated miRNAs that regulate neointimal proliferation in vivo.
- the expressions of miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p were significantly increased in balloon-injured carotid arteries compared to sham controls, and miR-130b-5p and miR-410-3p were also significantly increased by balloon injury.
- the inhibitors of the miRNA markedly regressed the neointimal proliferation in balloon injury lesions compared to the control group, and the inhibitor of miR-130b-5p promoted monolayer recovery called re-endothelialization, thereby showing that these four miRNAs It was confirmed that plays a distinct role in arterial homeostasis, such as intravascular inflammation and proliferation (FIG. 3).
- differentially DEGs commonly predicted in mice and humans through a target prediction database were selected as target genes of each miRNA using DEGs expressed by , and by confirming that these target genes were downregulated in damaged arteries, -132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p, and miR-410-3p's core target genes are SOCS2 (Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2), BMP7 (Bone morphogenetic protein 7), TSPAN2 (Tetraspanin-2) ) and SMAD6 (SMAD family member 6) (FIG. 4).
- miR-370 since miR-370 was detected in the blood of patients with unstable angina, type 2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, the miR-370/bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-7 axis in the proliferation of smooth muscle cells was biologically As a result of examining the significance, high expression of miR-370-3p was confirmed in coronal tissue sections of human patients with atherosclerosis type II and type IV lesions. Therefore, it was confirmed that miR-370 is a new miRNA associated with atherosclerosis, and in human vascular smooth muscle cells, the level of BMP7 protein was increased through miR-370 inhibition, and BMP7 treatment led to SMAD1/5/9 phosphorylation in human smooth muscle cells.
- BMP-7 bone morphogenic protein
- miRNA inhibitor in vascular smooth muscle cells, it can be expected that it can be used to prevent or treat proliferative diseases.
- the present invention provides a kit for diagnosing vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases including an agent capable of detecting miRNA.
- diagnosis means confirming the presence or characteristics of a pathological state.
- diagnosis relates to a vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease, and can be interpreted as meaning an act of objectively determining whether there has been overproliferation or migration of vascular smooth muscle cells from a target patient.
- the diagnostic kit of the present invention can be used to qualitatively and/or quantitatively detect miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p and miR-410-3p or their target genes in a specimen. .
- the kit includes a microarray, an aptamer chip kit, an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, a blotting kit, an immunoprecipitation kit, an immunofluorescence test kit, a protein chip kit, and an RT-PCR kit. It may be selected from the group consisting of kits and combinations thereof, and more specifically, it may be an RT-PCT kit, but is not limited thereto as long as it can measure the expression level of miRNA or its target gene.
- ELISA enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
- the present invention a) measuring the expression level of miRNA in an isolated biological sample; and b) determining that there is a risk of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease when the expression level of the miRNA is increased in the control group.
- Measuring the expression level of miRNA in the isolated biological sample may specifically mean the expression level of miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p or miR-410-3p, More specifically, it may mean measuring the expression level of miR-370-3p.
- the information providing method may further include determining whether the expression level of the miRNA target gene in the separated biological sample is reduced compared to a control group, and specifically, the target gene may refer to BMP7.
- the agent for measuring the expression level may mean an agent capable of specifically binding to and recognizing miRNA or its target gene, or amplifying it.
- it may be an antibody, primer or probe that specifically binds to the miRNA or its target gene, but is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will be able to select an appropriate agent for the purpose of the invention.
- the agent may be directly or indirectly labeled to measure the expression level of the miRNA or its target gene.
- ligands, beads, radionuclides, enzymes, substrates, cofactors, inhibitors, fluorescers, chemiluminescent materials, magnetic particles, haptens, dyes, and the like may be used as the label, but are limited thereto. It doesn't work.
- the ligands include biotin, avidin, and streptavidin
- the enzymes include luciferase, peroxidase, and beta-galactosidase
- the fluorescent materials include fluorescein, coumarin, rhodamine, phycoerythrin and sulforhodamic acid chloride (Texas red); and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- Most of the known labels can be used as such detectable labels, and those skilled in the art will be able to select appropriate labels according to the purpose of the invention.
- primer refers to a base sequence having a short free 3' terminal hydroxyl group, capable of forming a base pair with a complementary template, and a starting point for copying a template strand. A short sequence that functions as a point.
- the primers used for miRNA amplification are prepared in appropriate conditions (eg, four different nucleoside triphosphates and a polymerizing agent such as DNA, RNA polymerase or reverse transcriptase) in an appropriate buffer and at an appropriate temperature.
- the primer sequence does not have to be completely complementary to the polynucleotide of the miRNA of the gene or its complementary polynucleotide, and can be used as long as it is sufficiently complementary to hybridize.
- probe refers to a labeled nucleic acid fragment or peptide capable of specific binding to miRNA.
- specific examples include oligonucleotide probes, single stranded DNA probes, double stranded DNA probes, RNA probes, oligonucleotide peptide probes, and polypeptide probes ( polypeptide), etc.
- the separated biological sample may specifically mean blood or coronary tissue sections of patients with atherosclerosis type II and type IV lesions, and the coronary tissue is more specifically scraped from clogged arterial vessels. It may mean an organization created, but is not limited thereto.
- miR-370-3p has been detected in the blood of patients with unstable angina pectoris, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and by confirming high expression in the coronary tissue sections of the patients with atherosclerosis, it was confirmed that it is a new miRNA related to atherosclerosis. .
- the method of the present invention for providing information necessary for determining whether or not the disease has occurred is the expression level of miRNA or its target gene from the blood or coronary tissue of an individual suspected of having vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease, specifically atherosclerosis. It may include the step of quantitatively analyzing.
- the term "individual” may include, without limitation, mammals including, for example, rats, livestock, humans, etc., which are likely to have or have a vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease.
- the present invention provides the use of a preparation for measuring the expression level of a miRNA or miRNA target gene for preparing a preparation for diagnosing a vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease can do.
- vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease The "vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease”, “diagnosis” and “miRNA” are as described above.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases comprising the miRNA expression inhibitor and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier It is possible to provide a method for treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases, including administering to a subject in need thereof.
- vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease The "vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease”, "prevention”, “treatment” and “miRNA” are as described above.
- the expression inhibitor may mean that siRNA (small interfering RNA), aptamer or antisense RNA that binds complementarily to each miRNA, but is not limited thereto.
- the term "subject" may refer to all animals, including humans, who have or have suffered from the vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative disease of the present invention.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention By administering the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject, the effects of preventing and treating the above diseases can be obtained.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount.
- the term "administration” refers to introducing the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject by any suitable method, and the route of administration may be administered through various parenteral routes as long as it can reach the target tissue.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be appropriately administered to a subject according to a conventional method, administration route, and dosage used in the art according to purpose or necessity.
- routes of administration include parenteral, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intrapulmonary, and intranasal administration
- parenteral injection includes intramuscular, intravenous, intraarterial, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration.
- an appropriate dosage and frequency of administration may be selected according to a method known in the art, and the amount and frequency of administration of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention actually administered are the type of symptom to be treated, the route of administration, gender, health condition, It can be appropriately determined by various factors such as diet, the age and weight of the individual, and the severity of the disease.
- the term "pharmaceutically effective amount” means an amount sufficient to inhibit or alleviate the increase in vascular permeability at a reasonable benefit / risk ratio applicable to medical use, and the effective dose level is subject type and severity, age , gender, activity of the drug, sensitivity to the drug, time of administration, route of administration and excretion rate, duration of treatment, factors including drugs used concurrently, and other factors well known in the medical field.
- the wheatgrass extract may be administered at a dose of 0.01 to 500 mg/kg per day, specifically 10 to 100 mg/kg, and the administration may be administered once a day or divided into several times.
- composition of the present invention may be administered as an individual therapeutic agent or in combination with other therapeutic agents, and may be administered sequentially or simultaneously with conventional therapeutic agents. And it can be single or multiple administrations. It is important to administer the amount that can obtain the maximum effect with the minimum amount without side effects in consideration of all the above factors, and can be easily determined by those skilled in the art.
- composition of the present invention can be used alone for the prevention or treatment of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases, and can be used in combination with surgery, hormone therapy, drug therapy, and methods using biological response modifiers.
- the present invention provides differentially expressed genes (Differentially Expressed Genes, DEGs) at 3 days and 5 days after injury in damaged arteries.
- DEGs differentially expressed genes
- Profiling It provides a target gene screening method for miRNA that inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation or migration, including.
- the screening method includes: 1) profiling differentially expressed genes (DEGs) on days 3 and 5 after injury in injured arteries; 2) in silico target profiling for miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p and miR-410-3p through a target prediction database using the DEGs; 3) selecting DEGs commonly predicted in mice and humans from two or more databases as target genes of each miRNA; and 4) confirming that the selected target gene is down-regulated in the injured artery.
- DEGs differentially expressed genes
- the profiling in step 1) means gene expression profiling, and expression levels of several genes between two or more samples can be compared simultaneously.
- analyzing gene expression northern blotting, microarray analysis, RNA sequencing, etc. can be used, and in the present invention, overall gene expression changes were confirmed through RNA sequencing, but is not limited thereto .
- the target prediction database in step 2) is for predicting the target gene of miRNA, and the function of miRNA can usually be known through the gene controlled by miRNA.
- miRNAs mature miRNA
- 38,589 human miRNAs (mature miRNA ) is databased (miRBase database, version 22.1). It can be predicted by aligning the 3'UTR of the target gene and the miRNA seed, and the prediction accuracy is improved by adding structural features or evolutionarily conserved binding sites.
- Programs that provide such prediction results include DIANA-microT, MicroInspector, MiRanda, PicTar, RNA22, RNAhybrid, TargetBoost, TargetScan, miRDB, miRmap, and the like. In the present invention, TargetScan, miRDB and miRmap were used, but are not limited thereto.
- the target gene of step 3) specifically refers to a gene capable of regulating intracellular expression through complementary binding of miRNA to mRNA, and one miRNA target gene may exist innumerable.
- the screening in step 4) means gene screening, and may mean selecting target genes present in the library. Screening methods may include screening using hybridization, screening using antibodies, screening using gene expression differences, screening using specific protein binding, etc. In the present invention, screening using gene expression differences was used, but is limited thereto It is not.
- a carotid artery balloon injury model was constructed using 10-week-old male albino rats (Sprague-Dawley rats) adapted to the environment for one week after basal breeding.
- balloon injury was created in the rat left common carotid artery using a 2F balloon catheter (Fogarty balloon embolectomy catheter). After exposing the left external carotid artery and electrocoagulating the peripheral arterial branches, a catheter was inserted through a transverse incision in the external carotid artery, placed 1 cm inside the cut site, dilated, and moved back and forth along the common carotid artery to damage the carotid artery.
- 2F balloon catheter Fegarty balloon embolectomy catheter
- the transfection complex 200 nM miRNA/10 ⁇ l Lipofectamin RNAimax in 200 ⁇ l Opti-MEM
- the lumen was washed once with saline, and after the catheter was removed, the perforated area was sealed and blood flow was re-established by releasing the clap of the common carotid artery. Unless otherwise specified, mice were then allowed to recover in cages for up to 14 days.
- the balloon-injured rats were anesthetized and fixed with heparinized saline containing 3.7% formaldehyde by transcardiac perfusion-fixation, and then the common carotid artery was resected.
- Blood vessels were paraffin embedded and cut with a rotary microtome (Leica RM2255).
- Two serial tissue sections (thickness of 4 ⁇ m) were obtained from the middle part of the common carotid artery and stained with haematoxylin & eosin.
- the lumen, inner elastic layer and outer elastic layer areas were measured using NIH Image v 1.62.
- the intimal and medial areas were determined by subtracting the luminal area from the inner elastic area and the inner elastic area from the outer elastic area, respectively. For analysis, values obtained from two serial sections per rat were averaged.
- Qiagen QIAzol Lysis Reagent
- RNA sequencing was performed using the TruSeq Small RNA Prep kit (Illumina). Briefly, 1 ⁇ g of total RNA was ligated with 3' and 5' RNA adapters. Reverse transcription PCR was performed using primers that anneal to the 3' and 5' adapters to generate and enrich the cDNA construct. The cDNA library was purified with a Pippin prep electrophoresis platform (Sage Science), and the quality of the library was verified with a 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies). Small RNA sequencing was performed using the Hiseq 2500 system (Illumina) with a 1X51 setup.
- mRNA sequencing library was prepared for mRNA sequencing using TruSeq RNA Prep Kit v2 (Illumina). Briefly, mRNA samples were purified from 1 ⁇ g of total RNA using poly-T oligo-attached magnetic beads, and fragmented mRNAs were primed with random hexamers and reverse transcribed. The mRNA template was removed and the cDNA second strand was synthesized. After 3' A-tailing and 5' end repairing, the DNA sequencing adapter was ligated to the cDNA template. PCR was then performed to amplify the template. The quality of the library was verified with a 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies) and mRNA sequencing was performed using a Hiseq 2500 system (Illumina) with a 2X101 setup.
- HASMC Primary human aortic SMC
- SmGM smooth muscle cell growth medium
- fetal bovine serum containing growth factors and antibiotics (cat. no. cc-4149, Lonza) was used.
- Human vascular smooth muscle cells were mainly used in experiments of passages 5-7.
- HEK293T cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and all cultures were maintained at 37° C. in a humidified incubator containing 5% CO 2 .
- mirVana miRNA mimic or inhibitor (Invitrogen, USA) and siRNA (Bioneer, Korea) were transfected using Lipofectamine RNAi max (Invitrogen).
- Qiagen QIAzol Lysis Reagent
- individual cDNAs were synthesized from 40 ng of isolated total RNA using the TaqMan MicroRNA Reverse Transcription Kit and specific RT primers from TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (Applied Biosystems).
- Expression levels of mature miRNAs were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR using TaqMan Universal Master Mix II and specific FAM-based probes and primers from TaqMan MicroRNA Assays (Applied Biosystems) according to the manufacturer's protocol.
- the thermal cycling conditions of miRNA were as follows. After initial enzyme activation at 95°C for 10 minutes, denaturation at 95°C for 15 seconds, annealing at 60°C for 60 seconds, and extension were repeated 40 times to amplify.
- U87, snoRNA and U6 were used as internal controls for rat carotid artery, and U6 was used as internal control for human vascular smooth muscle cells.
- RNA verification reverse transcription was performed with 1 ⁇ g of total RNA isolated using the ImProm-II RT system (Promega). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed using gene-specific primers (all from Qiagen) and SYBR Green (from Roche).
- the thermal cycling conditions of mRNA were as follows. After initial denaturation at 95°C for 15 minutes, denaturation at 94°C for 15 seconds, annealing at 55°C for 30 seconds, and extension at 72°C for 30 seconds were repeated 40 times for amplification.
- Human vascular smooth muscle cells were rinsed twice with cold phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen.
- the cells were cultured in 20 mM HEPES (pH 7.0), 1% Triton X-100, 150 mM NaCl, 10% glycerol, 1 mM EDTA (pH 8.0), 2 mM EGTA (pH 8.0), 1 mM DTT, 5 mM Na 3 It was lysed with a lysis buffer containing VO 4 , 5 mM NaF, 1 mM AEBSF, 5 ⁇ g/ml aprotinin, and 5 ⁇ g/ml leupeptin.
- PBS cold phosphate buffered saline
- the clarified lysate was separated in 30 ⁇ g portions on a denaturing polyacrylamide gel and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane.
- the membrane was incubated overnight with the primary antibody in a Tris buffered saline (TBS) solution containing 0.05% Tween-20 and 5% BSA at 4°C.
- TBS Tris buffered saline
- HRP-conjugated secondary antibody diluted 1:3000 in TBS solution containing 0.05% Tween-20 and 5% skim milk. Immunoreactive bands were visualized using WESTSAVE up ECL solution (cat. no. LF-QC0101, Abfrontier, Korea).
- miRNA inhibitor-transfected human vascular smooth muscle cells were seeded in a 96-well plate at a density of 2,000 cells/well, grown for the indicated time, and then WST-1 reagent ( 10 ⁇ l/well) and incubated for 1 hour at 37°C. The number of viable cells was estimated by measuring absorbance at 450 nm.
- human vascular smooth muscle cells (1 ⁇ 10 5 cells) were harvested after 48 hours of transfection. The cells were fixed, permeabilized with 70% ethanol overnight at -20°C, treated with 100 ⁇ g/ml RNase A for 1 hour at 37°C, and then stained with 10 ⁇ g/ml propidium iodide. Intracellular DNA content was measured using the FACSCalibur system (BD biosciences), and the percentage of G0/G1 diploid cells was analyzed using Modfit LT software (Verity Software House).
- tissue staining paraffin sections of balloon-injured carotid arteries were deparaffinized using xylene and rehydrated in ethanol. The rehydrated tissue sections were boiled for 20 minutes in a citric acid-based antigen unmasking solution (Vector Laboratories) for antigen retrieval. In the case of double immunofluorescence, the tissue sections were blocked for 1 hour with PBS-T (0.3% Triton X-100 in PBS) containing 5% normal donkey serum. The samples were then incubated with FITC-conjugated anti-vWF antibody (1:50 dilution, Abcam) overnight at 4°C. After washing three times with PBS-T, samples were incubated with Cy3-conjugated anti-SMA antibody (1:200 dilution, Sigma Aldrich) for 2 hours at room temperature in the dark.
- human vascular smooth muscle cells were fixed with 3.7% formaldehyde for 15 minutes and permeabilized with PBS-T for 15 minutes at room temperature.
- the cells were labeled with Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated phalloidin (cat. no A12379, Invitrogen) for 60 min at room temperature.
- the fixed cells were incubated with a permeabilization solution (0.1% Triton X-100, 0.1% sodium citrate) for 2 minutes at 4°C, and the TUNEL reaction mixture of the In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit (Roche Diagnostics) and incubated at 37° C. for 60 minutes.
- Nuclear DNA was labeled with DAPI, and fluorescence images were obtained using an LSM880 Airyscan confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss).
- Chemotactic cell migration was measured using a 24-well transwell culture chamber (Costar; 8 mm pore size). The upper chamber was coated with gelatin B (1 mg/ml) and air-dried for 1 hour. Human vascular smooth muscle cells were transfected with miRNA inhibitors for 24 hours, serum-starved for 18 hours, and then plated again in the upper chamber at a density of 6,000 cells/chamber using basal medium. Complete medium was added to the lower chamber and the transwell chamber was incubated at 37° C. for 24 hours. Cells that did not migrate from the top of the membrane were removed, and cells that passed through and adhered to the bottom of the membrane were fixed and stained with 0.6% hematoxylin and 0.5% eosin. The number of stained cells in 4 sections was counted and averaged.
- Human vascular smooth muscle cells were transfected with miRNA inhibitors for 24 hours and plated again in 96-well plates (4,000 cells/well). Then, human vascular smooth muscle cells were stimulated with TNF- ⁇ (10 ng/ml) for 18 hours. Separately, monocytic U937 cells (1X10 6 cell/well) were stimulated with IFN- ⁇ (50 ⁇ g/ml) for 24 hours. Activated U937 cells were labeled with 4 ⁇ M tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester, perchlorate (cat. No. T-669, Molecular Probes) for 30 minutes, and the labeled U937 cells (1 ⁇ 10 5 cell/well) were confluent human vascular smooth muscle cells. and incubated at 37° C. for 1 hour. Unbound U937 cells were gently removed by washing three times with PBS, and the attached U937 cells were detected and counted using a ZOE Fluorescent Cell Imager (Bio-Rad).
- a reporter plasmid pMirTarget containing the full-length 3'UTR sequence of human BMP7 gene (hBMP7-3'UTR) was purchased from Origene (cat. no. SC218118). Two consecutive nucleotides in the miR-370-3p target region #1 (nucleotides 229 - 235) of the hBMP7-3'UTR were mutated to serve as a negative control.
- HEK293T cells were plated in 24-well plates and transfected with the reporter plasmid for 6 hours. Then, the cells were transfected with the miR-370-3p mimic for 48 hours, lysed and analyzed for protein. Equal amounts of cell lysate were subjected to luciferase assay. Luminescence signals were measured with a VICTOR Multilabel Plate Reader (Perkin Elmer).
- miR-370-3p in arterial tissues was detected with miRCURY LNA miRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) Optimization Kits (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's protocol. 5' and 3' DIG-modified has-miR-370-3p miRCURY LNA miRNA Detection Probes were used for hybridization. Briefly, 4 ⁇ m paraffin sections of fixed arterial tissue were deparaffinized and rehydrated. Nuclease was inactivated with proteinase K at 37°C for 10 minutes, and hybridization was performed by incubation with miRNA detection probes (40 nM each) for 1 hour at a temperature 30°C lower than the RNA Tm value of the probe.
- ISH miRCURY LNA miRNA in situ hybridization
- Example 1 Identification of miRNAs differentially expressed in injured arteries
- RNA samples were prepared, separated and purified into small RNAs and messenger RNAs through appropriate purification procedures. Both RNA pools were library constructed and sequenced based on HiSeq, and small RNA sequencing data were first analyzed with RSEM software.
- 62 miRNAs were differentially expressed at the two time points compared to the sham control (FIG. 1A).
- the miRNAs were examined one by one in terms of novelty as well as relevance to the vascular system, and 50 miRNAs were selected for quantitative verification by miRNA-specific real-time PCR.
- 12 up-regulated miRNAs and 6 down-regulated miRNAs showed a more than 5-fold change in injured arteries compared to sham controls, and 1/5 of miRNAs were transiently down-regulated at 3 days after injury , which means its potential as an early-response miRNA.
- miRNAs that were not identified in the human database or whose seed sequences did not match between mice and humans were filtered out, and among the remaining miRNA candidates, miRNAs such as miR-221-3p, miR-21-5p and miR-146a-5p. is known as smooth muscle cell hyperplasia ⁇ Sun, 2011 #2627; Liu, 2009 #2623; Ji, 2007 #2625 ⁇ , supporting the validity of a screening strategy using a rodent model.
- the top 10 miRNAs showed dramatic expression changes of more than 5-fold in injured carotid arteries (Fig. 1B).
- Fig. 1B To investigate their relevance to humans, their expression levels in cultured primary human vascular smooth muscle cells having a synthetic phenotype were confirmed.
- qPCR analysis revealed that 6 out of 8 up-regulated miRNAs were prominent in human smooth muscle cells. It was confirmed that it was expressed (FIG. 1C).
- miRNA screening using a rodent model revealed a subset of miRNAs, including some known candidates involved in neointimal proliferation.
- miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p showed significant inhibitory effects (Fig. 2A), and monocyte adhesion to human vascular smooth muscle cells as an inflammatory sign miR-130b-5p, miR -132-3p and miR-410-3p were significantly inhibited by three miRNAs.
- proliferation-related miRNAs namely miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p, were investigated in depth. Both miRNA inhibitors induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, consistently inhibiting the time-dependent proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (Fig.
- the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 were significantly higher than those of both miRNAs. significantly increased by the inhibitor (Fig. 2D). However, this miRNA inhibition was not accompanied by apoptosis in human vascular smooth muscle cells, suggesting cell proliferation inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
- miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p as the phenotypic transition of smooth muscle cells from a contractile state to a synthetic state by dedifferentiation must be preceded by proliferation-dependent neointimal hyperplasia. Whether 3p is involved in phenotypic transition was investigated.
- miR-132-3p and miR-370-3p have the potential to regulate phenotypic transition and proliferation signals, respectively.
- Fig. 3B Catheter-mediated local intramural delivery of miRNA inhibitors significantly reduced neointimal proliferation in balloon injury lesions compared to controls (Fig. 3B), carotid immunity against von Willebrand (vWF) and SMA as EC and smooth muscle cell markers. Fluorescent staining showed that the miR-130b-5p inhibitor promoted the so-called re-endothelialization of EC monolayer recovery (Fig. 3C), and miR-130b-5p was anti-proliferative in ECs unlike smooth muscle cells. function was performed.
- DEGs differentially expressed genes
- miR-370 was detected in the blood of patients with unstable angina, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia [Hoekstra, 2010 #2635; Motawae, 2015 #2636; Gao, 2012 #2637], miR-370 in smooth muscle cell proliferation
- BMP-7 bone morphogenic protein
- BMP7 gene is a genuine miR-370 target in human smooth muscle cells. Since treatment with recombinant BMP7 was previously reported to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation [Lagna, 2007 #2641; Dorai, 2000 #2640], the involvement of the miR-370/BMP7 axis in smooth muscle cell proliferation was investigated. As a direct evidence, BMP7 treatment significantly induced SMAD1/5/9 phosphorylation in human vascular smooth muscle cells (Fig. 5E), suggesting an anti-mitotic effect of BMP7 in smooth muscle cells. In addition, cell proliferation assays demonstrated that BMP7 depletion restored smooth muscle cell proliferation inhibited by miR-370 inhibitors (Fig. 5F), and thus miR-370-dependent regulation of BMP7 expression inhibited smooth muscle cell growth and development of damaged arteries. It was confirmed that it is a prerequisite for neointimal proliferation.
- the miRNA inhibitors of the present invention specifically, each of miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p and miR-410-3p inhibitors have a proliferation inhibitory effect on smooth muscle cells, which Through this, it can be expected that the inclusion of the miRNA inhibitor in smooth muscle cells is effective in preventing or treating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative diseases.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- miRNA(microRNA) 억제제를 유효성분으로 포함하는 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물.
- 제1에 있어서, 상기 miRNA는 miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p 또는 miR-410-3p으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 것인, 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 miRNA 억제제는 손상 동맥에서 상향 발현된 miRNA를 억제함으로써 시험관내 혈관평활근세포 기능 및 생체내 신생 내막 증식을 조절하는 것인, 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 miRNA 억제제는 miRNA에 특이적인 siRNA, 압타머(aptamer), 안티센스 올리고뉴클레오티드, 리보자임 및 화합물로 구성된 군으로부터 선택된 어느 하나 이상인 것인, 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환은 혈관협착증, 혈관재협착증, 죽상동맥경화증, 아테롬성동맥경화증, 심부전증, 심근경색증, 협심증, 부정맥증, 고혈압성 심장질환증, 선천성 심장질환증, 뇌졸중 및 말초혈관협착증으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 질환인 것인, 약학 조성물.
- miRNA를 검출할 수 있는 제제를 포함하는 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환 진단용 키트.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 miRNA는 miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p 또는 miR-410-3p으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인, 키트.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 키트는, 마이크로어레이, 앱타머 칩 키트, 엘라이자(ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) 키트, SAGE(Serial Analysis of Gene Expression) 키트, qRT-PCR(quantitative real time PCR) 키트 또는 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인, 키트.
- 분리된 생물학적 시료에서 miRNA의 발현 수준을 측정하는 단계; 및대조군에서 상기 miRNA의 발현 수준이 증가하면 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환에 걸릴 위험이 있는 것으로 판정하는 단계를 포함하는 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환 진단의 정보 제공 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 miRNA는 miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p 또는 miR-410-3p으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인, 정보 제공 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 생물학적 시료에서 miRNA 표적 유전자의 발현 수준이 대조군에 비하여 감소하는지 판정하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 것인, 정보 제공 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 분리된 생물학적 시료는 동맥경화증 환자의 혈액 또는 관상 조직 절편인 것인, 정보 제공 방법.
- miRNA 발현 억제제 및 약학적으로 허용가능한 담체를 포함하는 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물을 이를 필요로 하는 인간을 제외한 개체에 투여하는 것을 포함하는, 혈관평활근세포 증식성 질환의 치료 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 miRNA는 miR-132-3p, miR-370-3p, miR-130b-5p 또는 miR-410-3p으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인, 치료 방법.
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CN202280087586.2A CN118510550A (zh) | 2021-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | 使用miRNA抑制剂诊断、预防或治疗血管平滑肌细胞增殖性疾病的组合物 |
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WO2017087828A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-26 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Method to modulate smooth muscle cell differentiation |
CN108998514A (zh) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-14 | 青岛大学 | miRNA-378及其抑制剂的应用和应用其的产品 |
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WO2017087828A1 (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-26 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Method to modulate smooth muscle cell differentiation |
CN108998514A (zh) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-14 | 青岛大学 | miRNA-378及其抑制剂的应用和应用其的产品 |
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NAN SHANJI, WANG YING, XU CHENGBI, WANG HAITAO: "Interfering microRNA-410 attenuates atherosclerosis via the HDAC1/KLF5/IKBα/NF-κB axis", MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS, CELL PRESS, US, vol. 24, 1 June 2021 (2021-06-01), US , pages 646 - 657, XP093066937, ISSN: 2162-2531, DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.03.009 * |
XU JIA-YING, CHANG NENG-BIN, RONG ZHI-HUA, LI TAO, XIAO LING, YAO QING-PING, JIANG RUI, JIANG JUN: "circDiaph3 regulates rat vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration", THE FASEB JOURNAL, FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, US, vol. 33, no. 2, 1 February 2019 (2019-02-01), US, pages 2659 - 2668, XP093066938, ISSN: 0892-6638, DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800243RRR * |
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