WO2023082261A1

WO2023082261A1 - Methods, devices, and computer readable medium for communication

Info

Publication number: WO2023082261A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/130682
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zhaobang MIAO; Gang Wang
Original assignee: Nec Corporation
Priority date: 2021-11-15
Filing date: 2021-11-15
Publication date: 2023-05-19

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, and computer readable medium for communication. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device receives an indication from a network device. The indication comprises an identity of a resource pool. The terminal device determines sidelink (SL) signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot. The terminal device determines a SL channel busy ratio (CBR) measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power. In this way, results of the SL CBR measurement can be more accurate.

Description

METHODS, DEVICES, AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM FOR COMMUNICATION

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication, and in particular, to methods, devices, and computer readable medium for communication.

BACKGROUND

Several technologies have been proposed to improve communication performances. For example, device to device (D2D) /sidelink communication has been proposed. Sidelink is a special kind of communication mechanism between device and device without going through eNB. In some cases, the resources for sidelink communication may be in unlicensed bands.

SUMMARY

In general, example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for communication.

In a first aspect, there is provided a method for communication. The communication method comprises: receiving, at a terminal device and from a network device, an indication comprising an identity of a resource pool; determining sidelink (SL) signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot; and determining a SL channel busy ratio (CBR) measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power.

In a second aspect, there is provided a terminal device. The terminal device comprises a processing unit; and a memory coupled to the processing unit and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the processing unit, causing the terminal device to perform acts comprising: receiving, from a network device, an indication comprising an identity of a resource pool; determining sidelink (SL) signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot; and determining a SL channel busy ratio (CBR) measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power.

In a third aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the first aspect.

Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication environment in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;

Fig. 2 illustrates a signaling flow for communications according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of symbols in a slot according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of resources according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of slots according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of slots according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of slots according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of slots according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of slots according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

Fig. 10 is a flowchart of an example method in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

Fig. 11 is a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.

Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.

In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, device on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure/network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast/broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4/IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device. In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.

The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function, and can be used to predict some information.

The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g. FR1 (410 MHz –7125 MHz) , FR2 (24.25GHz to 71GHz) , frequency band larger than 100GHz as well as Terahertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed/unlicensed/shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.

The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.

In one embodiment, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In one embodiment, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In one embodiment, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device and the second network device. In one embodiment, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In one embodiment, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.

Communications discussed herein may use conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, New Radio Access (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , cdma2000, and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and the like. Furthermore, the communications may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.85G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) , and the sixth (6G) communication protocols. The techniques described herein may be used for the wireless networks and radio technologies mentioned above as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.

The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and/or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and/or digital hardware circuits with software/firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software/firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.

As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The terms “first, ” “second, ” and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.

In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.

As mentioned above, the resources for sidelink communication may be in unlicensed bands. In order to control sidelink congestion, channel busy ratio (CBR) and channel occupancy ratio (CR) measurements are supported. For example, a CBR range may be configured with a set of transmission parameters. The set of transmission parameters can comprise one or more of: an allowed modulation and coding scheme (MCS) , a maximum retransmission number, a subchannel size or a CR limit. A terminal device can be configured with a CR limit to limit resource for its transmissions.

Additionally, SL CR evaluated at slot n can be defined as the total number of sub-channels used for its transmissions in slots [n-a, n-1] and granted in slots [n, n+b] divided by the total number of configured sub-channels in the transmission pool over [n-a, n+b] . Moreover, SL CBR measured in slot n can be defined as the portion of sub-channels in the resource pool whose SL RSSI measured by the UE exceed a (pre-) configured threshold sensed over a CBR measurement window [n-a, n-1] , wherein a is equal to 100 or 100·2μ slots, according to higher layer parameter timeWindowSize-CBR.

According to conventional technologies, Sidelink Received Signal Strength Indicator (SL RSSI) has been introduced as a linear average of total received power observed in a configured sub-channel in Orthogonal Frequency Divided Multiple (OFDM) symbols of a slot configured for physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , starting from the 2nd OFDM symbol.

In SL CBR and CR measurements, it is not clear how to handle resources which are potentially occupied by other communication systems. Specifically, within channel occupancy (CO) duration, resources are occupied by SL only. However, within durations out of the CO duration, e.g., duration where a listen-before-talk (LBT) failure occurs or no traffic transmission occurs, the resources are potentially occupied by WIFI, SL RSS based measurement may not be applicable. The term “listen-before-talk (LBT) ” used herein can refer to a technique used in radio communications whereby a radio transmitter senses its radio environment before it starts a transmission. LBT can be used by a radio device to find a network the device is allowed to operate on or to find a free radio channel to operate on.

According to embodiments, solutions on sidelink measurements are proposed. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device receives an indication from a network device. The indication comprises an identity of a resource pool. The terminal device determines SL signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot. The terminal device determines a SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power. In this way, results of the SL CBR measurement can be more accurate.

Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a communication system in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The communication system 100, which is a part of a communication network, comprises a terminal device 110-1, a terminal device 110-2, . . ., a terminal device 110-N, which can be collectively referred to as “terminal device (s) 110. ” The number N can be any suitable integer number. The terminal devices 110 can communicate with each other.

The communication system 100 further comprises a network device. In the communication system 100, the network device 120 and the terminal devices 110 can communicate data and control information to each other. The numbers of terminal devices shown in Fig. 1 are given for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations.

Communications in the communication system 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) and the fifth generation (5G) and on the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and/or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Divided Multiple Address (CDMA) , Frequency Divided Multiple Address (FDMA) , Time Divided Multiple Address (TDMA) , Frequency Divided Duplexer (FDD) , Time Divided Duplexer (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Divided Multiple Access (OFDMA) and/or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to any suitable scenarios. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented at reduced capability NR devices. Alternatively, embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in one of the followings: NR multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) , NR sidelink enhancements, NR systems with frequency above 52.6GHz, an extending NR operation up to 71GHz, narrow band-Internet of Thing (NB-IOT) /enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) over non-terrestrial networks (NTN) , NTN, UE power saving enhancements, NR coverage enhancement, NB-IoT and LTE-MTC, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , NR Multicast and Broadcast Services, or enhancements on Multi-Radio Dual-Connectivity.

The term “slot” used herein refers to a dynamic scheduling unit. One slot comprises a predetermined number of symbols. The term “downlink (DL) sub-slot” may refer to a virtual sub-slot constructed based on uplink (UL) sub-slot. The DL sub-slot may comprise fewer symbols than one DL slot. The slot used herein may refer to a normal slot which comprises a predetermined number of symbols and also refer to a sub-slot which comprises fewer symbols than the predetermined number of symbols.

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below. Reference is first made to Fig. 2, which shows a signaling chart illustrating process 200 between the terminal device and the network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. Only for the purpose of discussion, the process 200 will be described with reference to Fig. 1. The process 200 may involve the terminal device 110-1 and the network device 120 in Fig. 1.

The network device 120 transmits 2010 an indication to the terminal device 110-1. The indication comprises an identity of a resource pool. The term “resource pool” can refer to a set of resources in frequency and time domain which can be used by a set of terminal devices. The terminal device 110-1 may perform the CBR measurement on this resource pool. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may configure a set of CBR thresholds based on priorities of different traffics. The set of CBR thresholds may be used to select a proper resource or resource pool. Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a structure of resources according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 3, the bandwidth of the resources 300 can be 20 MHz and the subcarrier spacing (SCS) can be 15 kHz. The interlace #0 can comprise

resource blocks

0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90. There are 10 resource blocks (not shown in Fig. 3) between two resource blocks in the interlace #0. The interlace #9 can comprise

resource blocks

9, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79, 89 and 99. There are 10 resource blocks (not shown in Fig. 3) between two resource blocks in the interlace #9. The term “interlace” (for example, the interlace #0 and the interlace #9) can be regarded as a resource unit. It should be noted that the resource pool 400 is only an example not a limitation.

Referring back to Fig. 2, the terminal device 110-1 determines 2020 SL signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot. In some embodiments, the SL symbols may start after an automatic gain control (AGC) symbols and cyclic prefix extension signal or an occupied signal within the slot. The term “resource unit” used herein can refer to a set of resource blocks or a set of resource elements. The set of resource blocks can comprise any proper number of resource blocks. Similarly, the set of resource elements can comprise any proper number of resource elements.

In some embodiments, the SL RSSI can be determined based on a linear average of the total received power observed in the configured resource unit in symbols of the slot configured for PSCCH and PSSCH, starting from the 2 ^nd OFDM symbol after any AGC and any CPE (or occupied signal) . For example, as shown in Fig. 4, there can be 14 symbols within the slot 400. The SL signal power can be determined based on the average power of total power received starting after the AGC symbol 410 and CPE (not shown) . The slot 400 may also comprise other symbols, for example, demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbols, physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) symbols, physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) symbols, guard symbols and a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) . It should be noted that the structure of the slot shown in Fig. 4 is merely an example not limitation.

With the reference to Fig. 2, the terminal device 110-1 determines 2030 a SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may also determine 2040 a SL CR measurement.

Example embodiments for the SL CBR measurement and the SL CR measurement are described with the reference to Fig. 5-8 below. It should be noted that Figs. 5-8 are only examples not limitations.

In some embodiments, the SL CBR measurements may only take portions inside CO durations into consideration to avoid uncertain occupied resources. In some embodiments, the CO durations used herein can be the terminal device’s own CO durations obtained after its successful LBT or after its clear channel assessment. The term “Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) ” used herein can refer to a mechanism for determining whether the channel is idle or not. The CCA may include carrier sensing and energy detection. The Carrier Sense (CS) mechanism comprises a physical CS and a virtual CS. The physical CS is provided by the PHY and is a straightforward measuring of the received signal strength of a valid symbol. If it is above a certain level the medium is considered busy. The CCA may include including CCA type 1, CCA type 2A, CCA type 2B, CCA type 2C. The term “LBT” and the term “CCA” can be used interchangeable hereinafter. It should be noted that the LBT failure used herein can refer to a CCA failure where the channel is busy. Alternatively, the CO durations used herein can be configured by the network device 120. Additionally, the CO durations can be signaled or configured by other terminal devices. In other embodiments, the CO durations can be determined based on other sidelink terminal devices’ CO information that the terminal device 110-1 obtains.

In this situation, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a first number of resource units in a first set of resource units in CO durations within in a first set of slots. The SL signal power in the first set of resource units can exceed a threshold power. In some embodiments, the threshold power can be configured by the network device 120. Alternatively, the threshold power can be preconfigured. The terminal device 110-1 may also determine a second number of resource units in a second set of resource units in the CO durations within the first set of slots. Alternatively, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the second number of resource units in the second set of resource units within the first set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CBR measurement by dividing the first number by the second number. In other words, SL CBR measured in slot n can be defined as the portion of resource units (e.g., interlaces) in the CO durations of the resource pool whose SL RSSI measured by the UE exceed a (pre-) configured threshold sensed over a CBR measurement window [n-a, n-1] , wherein a is equal to 100 or 100·2μ slots, according to higher layer parameter slu-timeWindowSize-CBR.

Referring to Fig. 5, the resource pool 500 may have a bandwidth 550 which is 20 MHz. The slot 520 can be out of the resource pool 500. There may be CO durations 530 and non-CO durations 540 within the resource pool 500. The slots 510- (N-A) , ..., 510- (N-1) and 510-N can be inside the resource pool 500, wherein N and A can be any suitable integer numbers. The terminal device 110-1 may perform the listen-before-talk in the slot 510-N. In this case, the first number of resource units can be the number of resource units in CO durations 520 from slot 510- (N-A) to slot 510- (N-1) of the resource pool 500 and the SL RSSI measured by the terminal device 110-1 of those resource units can exceed the threshold power. The second number of resource units can be the number of resource units from slot 510- (N-A) to slot 510- (N-1) of the resource pool 500. Alternatively, the second number of resource units can be the number of resource units in the CO durations 530.

Alternatively, the SL CR measurement may only take portions inside the terminal device’s CO durations to avoid uncertain occupied resources, i.e., excluding NA durations and LBT failure durations of an actual measure window. The term “NA duration” used herein can refer to duration where no transmission occurs or duration except CO durations and LBT failure durations. The term “LBT failure duration” used herein can refer to duration or slot on which the LBT is performed but the LBT is failed. In this situation, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device 110-1 in a second set of slots in the past. The terminal device 110-1 may determine another number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CR measurement by dividing the number of total resource units by the other number of total resource units. In other words, SL CR evaluated at slot n can be defined as the total number of sub-channels resource units (e.g., interlaces) used for its transmissions in CO durations in slots [n-a, n-1] divided by the total number of configured resource units in CO durations in the transmission pool over [n-a, n-1] .

Also referring to Fig. 5, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 510- (N-A) to slot 510-N/510- (N-1) . Alternatively, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 510- (N-A) to slot 510- (N-1) and from slot 510-N to slot 510- (N+B) (not shown) , where B can be any proper integer number. The total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 530 in the transmission pool 500 over a slot rang from slot 510- (N-A) to slot 510- (N-1) /slot 510-N. Alternatively, the total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 530 in the transmission pool 500 over a slot rang from slot 510- (N-A) to slot 510- (N-1) and from slot 510-N to slot 510- (N+B) .

In some embodiments, the SL CBR measurements may take all time durations within the configured resource pool into consideration. In this case, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a third number of resource units in a third set of resource units in CO durations and a fourth number of resource units in a fourth set of resource units outside the CO durations within a first set of slots. The SL signal power in the third and fourth sets of resource units exceeds a threshold power and a sidelink transmission can be detected over the fourth set of resource units. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 can determine that the sidelink transmission is detected based on a reception of one of the followings: sidelink control channel, sidelink signal, or other sidelink information. The terminal device 110-1 may also determine a fifth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the third and fourth numbers by the fifth number. In other words, SL CBR measured in slot n can be defined as the portion of resource units (e.g., interlaces) in the CO durations of the resource pool whose SL RSSI measured by the UE exceed a (pre-) configured threshold and in other durations (excluding CO, e.g., NA, LBT failure) of the resource pool whose SL RSSI measured by the UE exceed a (pre-) configured threshold and PSCCH/SCI was detected/received sensed over a CBR measurement window [n-a, n-1] , wherein a is equal to 100 or 100·2μ slots, according to higher layer parameter slu-timeWindowSize-CBR.

Referring to Fig. 6, the resource pool 600 may have a bandwidth 650 which is 20 MHz. The slot 620 can be out of the resource pool 600. There may be CO durations630 and non-CO durations 640 within the resource pool 600. The slots 610- (N-A) , ..., 610- (N-1) and 610-N can be inside the resource pool 600, wherein N and A can be any suitable integer numbers. The terminal device 110-1 may perform the listen-before-talk in the slot 610-N. In this case, the third number of resource units can be the number of resource units in a third set of resource units in CO durations 630. The fourth number of resource units can be the number of resource units in a fourth set of resource units outside the CO durations (i.e., the non-CO durations 640) within a first set of slots. The durations outside the CO durations can comprise the NA durations 642 and the LBT failure slot 644. The fifth number of resource units can be the number of resource units of the resource pool 600 from slot 610- (N-A) to slot 610- (N-1) .

In some embodiments, the SL CR measurements may consider all time durations within the configured resource pool. In this case, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device 110-1 in a second set of slots in the past. The terminal device 110-1 may determine another number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CR measurement by dividing the number of total resource units by the other number of total resource units. In other words, SL CR evaluated at slot n can be defined as the total number of resource units (e.g., interlaces) used for its transmissions in slots [n-a, n-1] divided by the total number of configured resource units in the transmission pool over [n-a, n-1] .

Also referring to Fig. 6, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 610- (N-A) to slot 610-N/610- (N-1) . Alternatively, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 610- (N-A) to slot 610- (N-1) . The total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 630 in the transmission pool 600 over a slot rang from slot 610- (N-A) to slot 610- (N-1) /slot 610-N. Alternatively, the total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 630 in the transmission pool 600 over a slot rang from slot 610- (N-A) to slot 610- (N-1) .

In some embodiments, the SL CBR measurements may take overall busy portion into consideration which is contributed by both sidelink and WIFI and depend on RSSI. In this case, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a sixth number of resource units in a fifth set of resource units within a first set of slots. The SL signal power in the fifth set of resource units exceeds a threshold power. In addition, the terminal device 110-1 may also determine a seventh number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CBR measurement by dividing the sixth number by the seventh number.

Referring to Fig. 7, the resource pool 700 may have a bandwidth 750 which is 20 MHz. The slot 720 can be out of the resource pool 700. There may be CO durations 730 and non-CO durations 740 within the resource pool 700. The slots 710- (N-A) , ..., 710- (N-1) and 710-N can be inside the resource pool 700, wherein N and A can be any suitable integer numbers. The terminal device 110-1 may perform the listen-before-talk in the slot 710-N. In this case, the sixth number of resource units can the number of resource units from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710- (N-1) of the resource pool 700. The seventh number of resource units may be the number of resource units of the resource pool 700 from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710- (N-1) .

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine an eighth number of resource units in a sixth set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots, a ninth number of resource units in a seventh set of resource units outside the CO durations within the first set of slots, and a tenth number of resource units in an eighth set of resource units outside the CO durations within the first set of slots. The SL signal power in the sixth set of resource units exceeds a first threshold power, SL signal power in the seventh set of resource units exceeds a second threshold power and a sidelink transmission is detected over the seventh set of resource units, and SL signal power in the eighth set of resource units exceeds a third threshold power and a sidelink transmission is not detected over the eighth set of resource units. In addition, the terminal device 110-1 may determine an eleventh number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the eighth, ninth and tenth numbers by the eleventh number. In other words, SL CBR measured in slot n can be defined as the portion of resource units (e.g., interlaces) in the resource pool whose SL RSSI measured by the UE exceed a (pre-) configured threshold sensed over a CBR measurement window [n-a, n-1] , wherein a is equal to 100 or 100·2μ slots, according to higher layer parameter slu-timeWindowSize-CBR.

Reference made to Fig. 7, the eighth number of resource units can be the number of resource units in CO durations 730 from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710- (N-1) of the resource pool 700. The ninth number of resource units can be the number of resource units out of CO durations (i.e., the non-CO durations 740) of the resource pool 700. The SL RSSI of those resource units can exceed a threshold power (sl-threshold) and sidelink transmissions can be detected over those resource units. In addition, the tenth number of resource units can be the number of resource units out of CO durations (i.e., the non-CO durations 740) of the resource pool 700. The SL RSSI of those resource units can exceed another threshold power (WIFI-threshold) and sidelink transmissions cannot be detected over those resource units. The eleventh number of resource units may be the number of resource units of the resource pool 700 from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710- (N-1) .

In some embodiments, the SL CR measurements may take overall busy portion into consideration which is contributed by both sidelink and WIFI and depend on RSSI. In this case, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device 110-1 in a second set of slots in the past. The terminal device 110-1 may determine another number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CR measurement by dividing the number of total resource units by the other number of total resource units. In other words, SL CR evaluated at slot n can be defined as the total number of resource units (e.g., interlaces) used for its transmissions in slots [n-a, n-1] divided by the total number of configured resource units in the transmission pool over [n-a, n-1] .

Also referring to Fig. 7, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710-N/710- (N-1) . Alternatively, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710- (N-1) . The total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 730 in the transmission pool 700 over a slot rang from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710- (N-1) /slot 710-N. Alternatively, the total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 730 in the transmission pool 700 over a slot rang from slot 710- (N-A) to slot 710- (N-1) .

In some embodiments, the SL CBR measurements may take busy portion contributed by sidelink and LBT failure slots (regard NA as idle, regard LBT failure slot as busy) . In this case, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a twelfth number of resource units in a ninth set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots and a thirteenth number of resource units in a tenth set of resource units in a set of listen-before-talk failure slots within the first set of slots. The SL signal power in the ninth set of resource units exceeds a threshold power. In addition, the terminal device 110-1 may also determine a fourteenth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the twelfth and thirteenth numbers by the fourteenth number. In other words, SL CBR measured in slot n can be defined as the portion of resource units (e.g., interlaces) in LBT failure durations and in the CO durations of the resource pool whose SL RSSI measured by the UE exceed a (pre-) configured threshold sensed over a CBR measurement window [n-a, n-1] , wherein a is equal to 100 or 100·2μ slots, according to higher layer parameter slu-timeWindowSize-CBR.

Referring to Fig. 8, the resource pool 800 may have a bandwidth 850 which is 20 MHz. The slot 820 can be out of the resource pool 800. There may be CO durations 830 and non-CO durations 840 within the resource pool 800. The slots 810- (N-A) , ..., 810- (N-1) and 810-N can be inside the resource pool 800, wherein N and A can be any suitable integer numbers. The terminal device 110-1 may perform the listen-before-talk in the slot 810-N. In this case, the twelfth number of resource units can the number of resource units in CO durations 830 from slot 810- (N-A) to slot 810- (N-1) of the resource pool 800. The thirteenth number of resource units may be the number of resource units in the LBT failure slot 844. The LBT failure slot can comprise the LBT durations. The fourteenth number of resource units may be the number of resource units of the resource pool 800 from slot 810- (N-A) to slot 810- (N-1) .

In some embodiments, the SL CR measurements may take busy portion contributed by sidelink and LBT failure slots (regard NA as idle, regard LBT failure slot as busy) . In this case, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device 110-1 in a second set of slots in the past. The terminal device 110-1 may determine another number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CR measurement by dividing the number of total resource units by the other number of total resource units. In other words, SL CR evaluated at slot n can be defined as the total number of resource units (e.g., interlaces) used for its transmissions in slots [n-a, n-1] divided by the total number of configured resource units in the transmission pool over [n-a, n-1] .

Also referring to Fig. 8, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 810- (N-A) to slot 810-N/810- (N-1) . Alternatively, the number of total resource units (i.e., the numerator for CR calculation) can be the total number of resource units used for the terminal device’s transmissions in slots which are from slot 810- (N-A) to slot 810- (N-1) . The total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 830 in the transmission pool 800 over a slot rang from slot 810- (N-A) to slot 810- (N-1) /slot 810-N. Alternatively, the total number of configured resource units (i.e., the denominator for CR calculation) in CO durations 830 in the transmission pool 800 over a slot rang from slot 810- (N-A) to slot 810- (N-1) .

In some embodiments, durations outside the CO durations may comprise durations where no transmission traffic occurs. Referring to Fig. 9, the slot 920 can be out of the resource pool 900. There may be CO durations 930 and non-CO durations 940 within the resource pool 900. The slots 910- (N-A) , ..., 910- (N-1) and 910-N can be inside the resource pool 900, wherein N and A can be any suitable integer numbers. The terminal device 110-1 may perform the listen-before-talk in the slot 910-N. For example, as shown in Fig. 9, the durations outside the CO durations may comprise the durations 940 where no transmission traffic occurs. Alternatively, durations outside the CO durations may comprise the durations where no transmission traffic occurs and listen-before-talk failure durations. For example, as shown in Fig. 9, the durations outside the CO durations may comprise the durations 940 where no transmission traffic occurs and the LBT failure slot 944.

Referring back to Fig. 2, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may transmit 2050 a report indicating the SL CBR measurement to the network device 120. For example, if the condition for reporting the CBR measurement is fulfilled, the terminal device 110-1 may transmit the report.

In some embodiments, if the SL CBR measurement is below the threshold CBR and the CR limit is fulfilled, the terminal device 110-1 may select the resource from the resource pool for the sidelink transmission. Alternatively, if the SL CBR measurement is above the threshold CBR, the terminal device 110-1 may trigger a reselection of the resource pool in order to select another resource pool with a lower CBR measurement.

Fig. 10 shows a flowchart of an example method 1000 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method 1000 can be implemented at any suitable devices. Only for the purpose of illustrations, the method 1000 can be implemented at a terminal device 110-1 as shown in Fig. 1.

At block 1010, the terminal device 110-1 receives an indication from the network device 120. The indication comprises an identity of a resource pool. The term “resource pool” can refer to a set of resources in frequency and time domain which can be used by a set of terminal devices. The terminal device 110-1 may perform the CBR measurement on this resource pool. In some embodiments, the network device 120 may configure a set of CBR thresholds based on priorities of different traffics. The set of CBR thresholds may be used to select a proper resource or resource pool.

At block 1020, the terminal device 110-1 determines 2020 SL signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot. In some embodiments, the SL symbols may start after an automatic gain control (AGC) symbols and cyclic prefix extension signal or an occupied signal within the slot. The term “resource unit” used herein can refer to a set of resource blocks or a set of resource elements. The set of resource blocks can comprise any proper number of resource blocks. Similarly, the set of resource elements can comprise any proper number of resource elements.

In some embodiments, the SL RSSI can be determined based on a linear average of the total received power observed in the configured resource unit in symbols of the slot configured for PSCCH and PSSCH, starting from the 2 ^nd OFDM symbol after any AGC and any CPE (or occupied signal) .

At block 1030, the terminal device 110-1 determines a SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power. In some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may also determine a SL CR measurement.

In some embodiments, the SL CBR measurements may only take portions inside CO durations into consideration to avoid uncertain occupied resources. In some embodiments, the CO durations used herein can be the terminal device’s own CO durations obtained after its successful LBT. Alternatively, the CO durations used herein can be configured by the network device 120. Additionally, the CO durations can be configured by other terminal devices. In other embodiments, the CO durations can be determined based on other sidelink terminal deices’ CO information that the terminal device 110-1 obtains.

Alternatively, the SL CR measurement may only take portions inside the terminal device’s CO durations to avoid uncertain occupied resources, i.e., excluding NA durations and LBT failure durations of an actual measure window. The term “NA duration” used herein can refer to duration where no transmission occurs. The term “LBT failure duration” used herein can refer to duration on which the LBT is performed but the LBT is failed. In this situation, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device 110-1 in a second set of slots in the past. The terminal device 110-1 may determine another number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CR measurement by dividing the number of total resource units by the other number of total resource units. In other words, SL CR evaluated at slot n can be defined as the total number of sub-channels resource units (e.g., interlaces) used for its transmissions in CO durations in slots [n-a, n-1] divided by the total number of configured resource units in CO durations in the transmission pool over [n-a, n-1] .

In some embodiments, the SL CR measurements may all time durations within the configured resource pool. In this case, in some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may determine a number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device 110-1 in a second set of slots in the past. The terminal device 110-1 may determine another number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots. In this case, the terminal device 110-1 may determine the CR measurement by dividing the number of total resource units by the other number of total resource units. In other words, SL CR evaluated at slot n can be defined as the total number of resource units (e.g., interlaces) used for its transmissions in slots [n-a, n-1] divided by the total number of configured resource units in the transmission pool over [n-a, n-1] .

In some embodiments, durations outside the CO durations may comprise durations where no transmission traffic occurs. For example, as shown in Fig. 9, the durations outside the CO durations may comprise the durations 940 where no transmission traffic occurs. Alternatively, durations outside the CO durations may comprise the durations where no transmission traffic occurs and listen-before-talk failure durations.

In some embodiments, the terminal device 110-1 may transmit a report indicating the SL CBR measurement to the network device 120. For example, if the condition for reporting the CBR measurement is fulfilled, the terminal device 110-1 may transmit the report.

Fig. 11 is a simplified block diagram of a device 1100 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 1100 can be considered as a further example implementation of the terminal device 110as shown in Fig. 1. Accordingly, the device 1100 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110.

As shown, the device 1100 includes a processor 1110, a memory 1120 coupled to the processor 1110, a suitable transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) 1140 coupled to the processor 1110, and a communication interface coupled to the TX/RX 1140. The memory 1120 stores at least a part of a program 1130. The TX/RX 1140 is for bidirectional communications. The TX/RX 1140 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs, S1 interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) /Serving Gateway (S-GW) and the eNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB and a terminal device.

The program 1130 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 1110, enable the device 1100 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to Fig. 2 to 10. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 1110 of the device 1100, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 1110 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 1110 and memory 1120 may form processing means 1550 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.

The memory 1120 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 1120 is shown in the device 2700, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 2700. The processor 1110 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 1100may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.

Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to Figs. 2 to 10. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.

Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions/operations specified in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.

The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.

Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (Iota) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (Iowa) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, device on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure/network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast/broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4/IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and Iota applications. It may also incorporated one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.

The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (Node or NB) , an evolved Node (anode or eNB) , a next generation Node (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.

The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g. FR1 (410 MHz –7125 MHz) , FR2 (24.25GHz to 71GHz) , frequency band larger than 100GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed/unlicensed/shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connections with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.

The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g. signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator

The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.

Claims

A communication method, comprising:

receiving, at a terminal device and from a network device, an indication comprising an identity of a resource pool;

determining sidelink (SL) signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot; and

determining a SL channel busy ratio (CBR) measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power.
The method of claim 1, wherein the SL symbols start after an automatic gain control symbol and cyclic prefix extension signal or an occupied signal within the slot.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a first number of resource units in a first set of resource units in channel occupancy (CO) durations within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the first set of resource units exceeds a threshold power;

determining a second number of resource units in a second set of resource units in the CO durations within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing the first number by the second number.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a first number of resource units in a first set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the first set of resource units exceeds a threshold power; and

determining a second number of resource units in a second set of resource units within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing the first number by the second number.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a third number of resource units in a third set of resource units in CO durations and a fourth number of resource units in a fourth set of resource units outside the CO durations within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the third and fourth sets of resource units exceeds a threshold power and a sidelink transmission is detected over the fourth set of resource units;

determining a fifth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the third and fourth numbers by the fifth number.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a sixth number of resource units in a fifth set of resource units within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the fifth set of resource units exceeds a threshold power;

determining a seventh number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing the sixth number by the seventh number.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining an eighth number of resource units in a sixth set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots, a ninth number of resource units in a seventh set of resource units outside the CO durations within the first set of slots, and a tenth number of resource units in an eighth set of resource units outside the CO durations within the first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the sixth set of resource units exceeds a first threshold power, SL signal power in the seventh set of resource units exceeds a second threshold power and a sidelink transmission is detected over the seventh set of resource units, and SL signal power in the eighth set of resource units exceeds a third threshold power and a sidelink transmission is not detected over the eighth set of resource units;

determining an eleventh number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the eighth, ninth and tenth numbers by the eleventh number.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a twelfth number of resource units in a ninth set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots and a thirteenth number of resource units in a tenth set of resource units in a set of listen-before-talk failure slots within the first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the ninth set of resource units exceeds a threshold power;

determining a fourteenth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the twelfth and thirteenth numbers by the fourteenth number.
The method of any one of claims 1-8, further comprising:

determining the SL CR measurement of the resource pool, and

wherein determining the SL CR measurement of the resource pool comprises:

determining a fifteenth number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device in a second set of slots in the past;

determining a sixteenth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots; and

determining the CR measurement by dividing the fifteenth number by the sixteenth number.
The method of any one of claims 2-9, wherein durations outside the CO durations comprise durations where no transmission traffic occurs, or

wherein the durations outside the CO durations comprise the durations where no transmission traffic occurs and listen-before-talk failure durations.
A terminal device comprising:

a processor; and

a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the processor, causing the terminal device to perform acts comprising:

receiving, at a terminal device and from a network device, an indication comprising an identity of a resource pool;

determining sidelink (SL) signal power based on an average power of total received power in a plurality of configured resource units in SL symbols within a slot; and

determining a SL channel busy ratio (CBR) measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power.
The terminal device of claim 11, wherein the SL symbols start after an automatic gain control symbol and cyclic prefix extension signal or an occupied signal within the slot.
The terminal device of claim 11, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a first number of resource units in a first set of resource units in channel occupancy (CO) durations within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the first set of resource units exceeds a threshold power;

determining a second number of resource units in a second set of resource units in the CO durations within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing the first number by the second number.
The terminal device of claim 11, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a first number of resource units in a first set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the first set of resource units exceeds a threshold power; and

determining a second number of resource units in a second set of resource units within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing the first number by the second number.
The terminal device of claim 11, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a third number of resource units in a third set of resource units in CO durations and a fourth number of resource units in a fourth set of resource units outside the CO durations within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the third and fourth sets of resource units exceeds a threshold power and a sidelink transmission is detected over the fourth set of resource units;

determining a fifth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the third and fourth numbers by the fifth number.
The terminal device of claim 11, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a sixth number of resource units in a fifth set of resource units within a first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the fifth set of resource units exceeds a threshold power;

determining a seventh number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing the sixth number by the seventh number.
The terminal device of claim 11, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining an eighth number of resource units in a sixth set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots, a ninth number of resource units in a seventh set of resource units outside the CO durations within the first set of slots, and a tenth number of resource units in an eighth set of resource units outside the CO durations within the first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the sixth set of resource units exceeds a first threshold power, SL signal power in the seventh set of resource units exceeds a second threshold power and a sidelink transmission is detected over the seventh set of resource units, and SL signal power in the eighth set of resource units exceeds a third threshold power and a sidelink transmission is not detected over the eighth set of resource units;

determining an eleventh number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the eighth, ninth and tenth numbers by the eleventh number.
The terminal device of claim 11, wherein determining the SL CBR measurement of the resource pool based on the SL signal power comprises:

determining a twelfth number of resource units in a ninth set of resource units in CO durations within a first set of slots and a thirteenth number of resource units in a tenth set of resource units in a set of listen-before-talk failure slots within the first set of slots, wherein SL signal power in the ninth set of resource units exceeds a threshold power;

determining a fourteenth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the first set of slots; and

determining the CBR measurement by dividing a sum of the twelfth and thirteenth numbers by the fourteenth number.
The terminal device of any one of claims 10-18, wherein the acts comprise:

determining the SL CR measurement of the resource pool, and

wherein determining the SL CR measurement of the resource pool comprises:

determining a fifteenth number of total resource units used for a transmission of the terminal device in a second set of slots in the past;

determining a sixteenth number of total resource units in the resource pool within the second set of slots; and

determining the CR measurement by dividing the fifteenth number by the sixteenth number.
The terminal device of any one of claims 12-19, wherein durations outside the CO durations comprise durations where no transmission traffic occurs, or

wherein the durations outside the CO durations comprise the durations where no transmission traffic occurs and listen-before-talk failure durations.
A computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method according to any of claims 1 to 10.