WO2023077573A1

WO2023077573A1 - Magnetic levitation system and levitation train

Info

Publication number: WO2023077573A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/133019
Authority: WO
Inventors: 沙淼; 郝德栋; 杨晶; 刘帅
Original assignee: 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-11-03
Filing date: 2021-11-25
Publication date: 2023-05-11
Also published as: CN113914156A

Abstract

A magnetic levitation system and a levitation train. The magnetic levitation system is applied to the levitation train, and comprises a levitation frame, a levitation permanent magnet, a levitation drive device and a guide permanent magnet, wherein the levitation frame comprises an upper levitation frame (3), a lower levitation frame (6) and a side levitation frame (4); the levitation permanent magnet comprises a first levitation permanent magnet (12) located on an upper surface of a track (7), and a second levitation permanent magnet (13) located on a lower surface of the upper levitation frame (3) and arranged opposite the first levitation permanent magnet (12) in a homopolar manner; the levitation drive device comprises a track linear electric motor (9) located on a lower surface of the track (7), and a levitation electromagnet (8) arranged on an upper surface of the lower levitation frame (6), and the levitation electromagnet (8) and the track linear electric motor (9) act upon each other by means of a traveling wave magnetic field to drive a train to move; and the guide permanent magnet comprises a first guide permanent magnet (10) located on surfaces of two sides of the track (7), and a second guide permanent magnet (11) which is located on the side levitation frame (4) and arranged opposite the first guide permanent magnet (10) in a homopolar manner. Static levitation of the train can be achieved by using a magnetic repulsion type levitation technique, and the aims of lightweight and low energy consumption of the train are thus achieved.

Description

A kind of maglev system and a kind of suspension train

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202111293174.8 and the title of the invention "a maglev system and a suspension train" submitted to the China Patent Office on November 03, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference Applying.

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, in particular to a maglev system and a suspension train.

Background technique

As the backbone of future transportation, high-speed maglev trains overcome the constraints of the "wheel-rail" relationship. As a supplement to the speed between high-speed rail and aircraft, they can improve air-ground three-dimensional transportation, improve travel efficiency, and promote intercity integration. At present, there are two types of maglev trains in the mainstream products, one is the magnetic-attraction-type constant-conduction maglev train, and the other is the magnetic-repulsion-type superconducting maglev train. Both types of maglev trains have their own advantages. shortcoming.

The constant conduction maglev train can realize static suspension by installing a suspension electromagnet on the lower part of the suspension frame, and using the attraction force between the suspension electromagnet and the track to realize the suspension of the train. The suspension gap between the train and the track is small, the requirements for the track and suspension control are relatively high, and the cost of the track is high. The suspension control is active control, the suspension control is complicated, and the attraction of a large number of suspension electromagnets is needed to offset the gravity of the train, resulting in an increase in vehicle weight and energy consumption.

The superconducting maglev train uses the interaction between the on-board superconductor and the figure-of-eight coil between the track to generate a levitation force when running at high speed, thereby making the train levitate. This levitation method belongs to electric levitation, which cannot realize the static levitation of the train, and additional The 8-shaped coil increases the cost of the track, consumes the kinetic energy of the train, increases the resistance of the train, and increases the energy consumption of the train. The superconducting maglev train must reach a certain speed before the train can be suspended. When running at low speed, the support wheels need to be released to support the operation, which increases the complexity of the suspension frame and the weight of the train. At the same time, the vibration of the train at low speed is more severe and comfortable. Performance is poor.

Therefore, how to reduce the control difficulty of the maglev train and simultaneously reduce the weight and energy consumption of the train is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve at present.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a maglev system, which is easy to control, can realize the static and stable suspension of the train, and simultaneously realize the goals of light weight and low energy consumption of the train. Another object of the present invention is to provide a suspension train.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A maglev system comprising:

a suspension frame, the suspension frame is installed under the car body of the train, and the suspension frame includes an upper floating frame above the track, a lower floating frame below the track, and side floating frames on both sides of the track;

Suspended permanent magnets, the suspended permanent magnets include a first suspended permanent magnet arranged on the upper surface of the track along the length direction of the track and a second suspended permanent magnet located on the lower surface of the floating frame, the The same poles of the first suspended permanent magnet and the second suspended permanent magnet are arranged facing each other;

Suspension driving device, the suspension driving device includes a track linear motor arranged on the lower surface of the track along the length direction of the track, and the suspension driving device also includes a suspension electromagnet arranged on the upper surface of the lower floating frame , the levitation electromagnet interacts with the track linear motor through a traveling wave magnetic field and drives the train to move;

Guide permanent magnets, the guide permanent magnets include first guide permanent magnets located on both sides of the track and second guide permanent magnets located on the side floating frame, the first guide permanent magnets and the second guide permanent magnets The same poles of the guiding permanent magnets are arranged opposite to each other.

Preferably, the upper surface of the lower floating frame is further provided with a gap sensor for detecting the size of the gap between the lower floating frame and the track.

Preferably, the above-mentioned maglev system further includes a suspension gap control device for adjusting the magnitude of the current of the suspension electromagnet, and the gap sensor is electrically connected to the suspension gap control device.

Preferably, the gap sensor is an infrared ranging sensor or an ultrasonic ranging sensor.

Preferably, the upper surface of the track is provided with two rows of the first suspended permanent magnets arranged along the length direction of the track, and the two rows of the first suspended permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the track .

Preferably, the lower surface of the track is provided with two rows of the track linear motors arranged along the length direction of the track, and the two rows of the track linear motors are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the track.

Preferably, along the width direction of the track, two rows of the first guide permanent magnets are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the track.

Preferably, a vibration damping device is arranged above the suspension frame.

Preferably, the damping device is an air spring.

The maglev system provided by the present invention includes: a suspension frame, a suspension permanent magnet, a suspension drive device and a guide permanent magnet, wherein the suspension frame is installed under the car body of the train, and the suspension frame includes an upper floating frame positioned above the track, a The lower floating frame below and the side floating frames located on both sides of the track; the suspended permanent magnets include a first suspended permanent magnet arranged on the upper surface of the track along the length direction of the track and a second suspended permanent magnet located on the lower surface of the upper floating frame , the same poles of the first suspended permanent magnet and the second suspended permanent magnet are arranged facing each other; the suspension driving device includes a track linear motor arranged on the lower surface of the track along the length direction of the track and a suspended electromagnet arranged on the upper surface of the lower floating frame, The suspension electromagnet interacts with the track linear motor through a traveling wave magnetic field and drives the train to move; the guide permanent magnet includes a first guide permanent magnet located on both sides of the track and a second guide permanent magnet located on the side floating frame. The same poles of the guide permanent magnet and the second guide permanent magnet are arranged opposite to each other.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

The first suspended permanent magnet on the track and the second suspended permanent magnet located on the lower surface of the floating frame repel each other. The smaller the gap between the floating frame and the track, the greater the repulsive force between the two. The repulsive force of the train counteracts the gravity of the train, so that the static suspension of the train can be realized. At the same time, this scheme installs a suspension electromagnet on the upper surface of the lower floating frame to control the size of the suspension gap. At the same time, the suspension electromagnet interacts with the track linear motor under the track through the traveling wave magnetic field, thereby generating the driving force that drives the train movement .

When the weight of the train increases, the train moves downward under the action of gravity, the gap between the suspended permanent magnets becomes smaller, and the repulsive force increased by the proximity of the suspended permanent magnets will reduce the downward movement of the train. At this time, the static and stable suspension of the train can be realized only by controlling the current of the suspension electromagnet. When the weight of the train decreases, the train moves upwards, and the gap between the suspended permanent magnets becomes larger, and the repulsive force between the suspended permanent magnets will prevent the train from continuing to move upwards due to the distance between the suspended permanent magnets. Therefore, the train can be realized. Static stable suspension.

The maglev system provided by the present invention adopts the levitation technology of the magnetic repulsion type, and the suspension gap between the train suspension frame and the track is large, and the large suspension gap reduces the requirement for high-speed vibration of the train, and a higher running speed of the train can be realized under the same conditions. At the same time, the requirements for the track are reduced, which can properly reduce the accuracy of the track and reduce the engineering cost of the track. Compared with the conventional electromagnetic levitation mode, the present invention saves a large number of levitation guiding electromagnets and controllers, thereby greatly reducing the weight of the train, reducing the corresponding operating power consumption, and realizing the light weight and low energy consumption of the train. Target. Compared with the superconducting electric maglev method, the present invention can realize the static levitation of the train without the support wheels of the superconducting maglev train. At the same time, the stability of the train is better at low speeds, and the comfort is higher. The complexity of the suspension frame also got lowered.

The present invention also provides a levitation train comprising the above-mentioned maglev system. The derivation process of the beneficial effect produced by the levitation train is generally similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the above-mentioned maglev system, so it will not be repeated here.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a maglev system in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

The meanings of the various reference signs in Fig. 1 are as follows:

1-car body, 2-air spring, 3-upper floating frame, 4-side floating frame, 5-gap sensor, 6-lower floating frame, 7-track, 8-suspension electromagnet, 9-rail linear motor, 10-th A guide permanent magnet, 11-the second guide permanent magnet, 12-the first suspension permanent magnet, 13-the second suspension permanent magnet.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a maglev system, which is applied to a levitation train. Specifically, the maglev system includes: a levitation frame, a levitation permanent magnet, a levitation drive device, and a guide permanent magnet. These parts are described in detail below.

The suspension frame is installed below the car body 1 of the train, and is suspended on the track 7 for supporting the car body 1. The suspension frame includes the upper floating frame 3 above the track 7, the lower floating frame 6 positioned below the track 7 and the The side floating frame 4 on both sides of the track 7; the upper floating frame 3 and two side floating frames 4 and the lower floating frame 6 are connected to form a suspension clip and an integral suspension frame hugged on the track 7, as shown in Figure 1 . In order to further improve the comfort of passengers, preferably, this solution is provided with a vibration damping device above the suspension frame, such as a shock absorber, a vibration damping spring, etc. Preferably, this solution uses an air spring 2 as the vibration damping device.

The suspended permanent magnets include the first suspended permanent magnet 12 arranged on the upper surface of the track 7 along the length direction of the track 7 and the second suspended permanent magnet 13 located on the lower surface of the upper floating frame 3, the first suspended permanent magnet 12 and the second suspended permanent magnet. The same poles of the suspended permanent magnets 13 are arranged opposite to each other. Specifically, as shown in FIG. Arranged facing each other. The repulsive force between the first suspended permanent magnet 12 and the second suspended permanent magnet 13 can provide an upward supporting force for the suspension frame and the vehicle body 1 , thereby offsetting the gravity of the vehicle body 1 . It should be noted that the present invention can arrange one or more rows of first suspended permanent magnets 12 arranged along the length direction of the rail 7 on the rail 7. Preferably, the upper surface of the rail 7 is provided with two rows along the length of the rail 7. The first suspended permanent magnets 12 arranged in the same direction, two rows of first suspended permanent magnets 12 are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the track 7 .

The suspension driving device comprises a track linear motor 9 arranged on the lower surface of the track 7 along the length direction of the track 7, the suspension driving device also includes a suspension electromagnet 8 arranged on the upper surface of the lower floating frame 6, the suspension electromagnet 8 and the track linear motor 9 interact with each other through the traveling wave magnetic field and drive the train to move. Wherein, the train is driven by a linear induction motor, and the track linear motor 9 arranged on the track 7 is usually the stator part of the linear induction motor, including the iron core and the coil winding part. Correspondingly, the upper surface of the lower floating frame 6 is provided with a The suspension electromagnet 8 below the track linear motor 9 is used as the mover part of the linear induction motor. When the power is turned on, the suspension electromagnet 8 interacts with the track linear motor 9 through a traveling wave magnetic field, thereby driving the train to move. At the same time, by adjusting the energizing current of the suspension electromagnet 8, the attraction force between it and the track linear motor 9 can be adjusted, and then the suspension gap between the suspension frame and the track 7 can be adjusted. The attraction force between the suspension electromagnet 8 and the track linear motor 9 is far smaller than the gravity of the train, thereby ensuring that no sucking phenomenon occurs between the suspension frame and the track 7, and the safety of the train is higher. It should be noted that in the present invention, one or more rows of track linear motors 9 can be arranged on the lower surface of the track 7. Preferably, the lower surface of the track 7 is provided with two rows of track linear motors 9 arranged along the length direction of the track 7. Two rows of track linear motors 9 are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the track 7 .

The guiding permanent magnet comprises the first guiding permanent magnet 10 positioned on the both side surfaces of the rail 7 and the second guiding permanent magnet 11 positioned at the side floating frame 4, and the same poles of the first guiding permanent magnet 10 and the second guiding permanent magnet 11 are arranged opposite to each other. . The following example illustrates the guide function of the guide permanent magnet to the train: in the process of the train running forward, if the track 7 in front is bent to the right, then when the train moves to the bend, the first guide permanent magnet on the right side of the track 7 10 and the second guiding permanent magnet 11 on the side floating frame 4 on the right side will be close to each other, and the first guiding permanent magnet 10 on the left side of the track 7 and the second guiding permanent magnet 11 on the side floating frame 4 on the left side will be Will be far away from each other, so that the repulsion of the opposite side floating frame 4 on the right side of the track 7 is greater than the repulsion of the left side opposite side floating frame 4, and then the suspension frame moves to the right as a whole, realizing the guiding function to the train. Preferably, along the width direction of the track 7, two rows of first guiding permanent magnets 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the track 7, that is, a row of first guiding permanent magnets 10 is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the track 7 . Of course, in the present invention, multiple rows of first guide permanent magnets 10 can also be arranged on the left and right sides of the track 7, which will not be repeated here.

Preferably, the upper surface of the lower floating frame 6 is also provided with a gap sensor 5 for detecting the size of the gap between the lower floating frame 6 and the track 7 . Specifically, the gap sensor 5 may use an infrared distance measuring sensor or an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor or the like. The size of the gap between the lower floating frame 6 and the track 7 can be detected and fed back in real time by setting the gap sensor 5 .

Preferably, the above-mentioned maglev system further includes a suspension gap control device for adjusting the magnitude of the current of the suspension electromagnet 8, and the gap sensor 5 is electrically connected to the suspension gap control device.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

The first suspended permanent magnet 12 on the track 7 and the second suspended permanent magnet 13 located on the lower surface of the floating frame 3 repel each other, the smaller the gap between the floating frame 3 and the track 7, the greater the repulsive force between the two , using the repulsive force between the two to offset the gravity of the train, so that the static suspension of the train can be realized. At the same time, this solution installs a suspension electromagnet 8 on the upper surface of the lower floating frame 6 to control the size of the suspension gap. At the same time, the suspension electromagnet 8 interacts with the track linear motor 9 below the track 7 through a traveling wave magnetic field to generate a driving force. The driving force of the train movement.

When the weight of the train increases, the train moves downward under the action of gravity, the gap between the suspended permanent magnets becomes smaller, and the repulsive force increased by the proximity of the suspended permanent magnets will reduce the downward movement of the train. Moving trend, at this moment, only need control the electric current size of levitation electromagnet 8 just can realize the static and stable levitation of train. When the weight of the train decreases, the train moves upwards, and the gap between the suspended permanent magnets becomes larger, and the repulsive force between the suspended permanent magnets will prevent the train from continuing to move upwards due to the distance between the suspended permanent magnets. Therefore, the train can be realized. Static stable suspension.

The maglev system provided by the present invention adopts the levitation technology of the magnetic repulsion type, and the suspension gap between the train suspension frame and the track 7 is large, and the large suspension gap reduces the requirement for high-speed vibration of the train, and a higher running speed of the train can be realized under the same conditions At the same time, the requirements for the track 7 are reduced, and the accuracy of the track 7 can be appropriately reduced, thereby reducing the engineering cost of the track 7. Compared with the conventional electromagnetic levitation mode, the present invention saves a large number of levitation guiding electromagnets and controllers, thereby greatly reducing the weight of the train, reducing the corresponding operating power consumption, and realizing the light weight and low energy consumption of the train. Target. Compared with the superconducting electric maglev method, the present invention can realize the static levitation of the train without the support wheels of the superconducting maglev train. At the same time, the stability of the train is better at low speeds, and the comfort is higher. The complexity of the suspension frame also got lowered.

The present invention also provides a levitation train comprising the above-mentioned maglev system. The derivation process of the beneficial effect produced by the levitation train is generally similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect brought by the above-mentioned maglev system, so this paper will not repeat them here.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

A maglev system is characterized in that it comprises:

a suspension frame, the suspension frame is installed under the car body of the train, and the suspension frame includes an upper floating frame above the track, a lower floating frame below the track, and side floating frames on both sides of the track;

Suspended permanent magnets, the suspended permanent magnets include a first suspended permanent magnet arranged on the upper surface of the track along the length direction of the track and a second suspended permanent magnet located on the lower surface of the floating frame, the The same poles of the first suspended permanent magnet and the second suspended permanent magnet are arranged facing each other;

Suspension driving device, the suspension driving device includes a track linear motor arranged on the lower surface of the track along the length direction of the track, and the suspension driving device also includes a suspension electromagnet arranged on the upper surface of the lower floating frame , the levitation electromagnet interacts with the track linear motor through a traveling wave magnetic field and drives the train to move;

Guide permanent magnets, the guide permanent magnets include first guide permanent magnets located on both sides of the track and second guide permanent magnets located on the side floating frame, the first guide permanent magnets and the second guide permanent magnets The same poles of the guiding permanent magnets are arranged opposite to each other.
The maglev system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper surface of the lower floating frame is further provided with a gap sensor for detecting the size of the gap between the lower floating frame and the rail.
The maglev system according to claim 2, further comprising a suspension gap control device for adjusting the magnitude of the current of the suspension electromagnet, and the gap sensor is electrically connected to the suspension gap control device.
The maglev system according to claim 2, wherein the gap sensor is an infrared distance measuring sensor or an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor.
The maglev system according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the track is provided with two rows of the first suspended permanent magnets arranged along the length direction of the track, and two rows of the first suspended permanent magnets are arranged along the length direction of the track. The magnets are arranged symmetrically in the width direction of the track.
The maglev system according to claim 1, wherein the lower surface of the track is provided with two rows of the track linear motors arranged along the length direction of the track, and the two rows of the track linear motors are arranged on the The rails are arranged symmetrically in the width direction.
The maglev system according to claim 1, characterized in that, along the width direction of the track, two rows of the first guide permanent magnets are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the track.
The maglev system according to claim 1, characterized in that a vibration damping device is arranged above the suspension frame.
The magnetic levitation system according to claim 8, characterized in that the shock absorbing device is an air spring.
A levitation train, characterized in that it comprises the maglev system according to any one of claims 1-9.