WO2023077319A1 - Dispositif de commutation, disjoncteur et système d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation, disjoncteur et système d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023077319A1
WO2023077319A1 PCT/CN2021/128506 CN2021128506W WO2023077319A1 WO 2023077319 A1 WO2023077319 A1 WO 2023077319A1 CN 2021128506 W CN2021128506 W CN 2021128506W WO 2023077319 A1 WO2023077319 A1 WO 2023077319A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching device
circuit breaker
power supply
control unit
contact
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/128506
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
庄志坚
王帅
林晓斐
徐臻
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to CN202180007490.6A priority Critical patent/CN116569297A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/128506 priority patent/WO2023077319A1/fr
Publication of WO2023077319A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077319A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electrical technology, in particular to a switch device, a circuit breaker and a power supply system.
  • the current power supply system is widely used, and circuit breakers are often used in the power supply system to realize functions such as control and protection.
  • the current new energy power generation technology is more and more widely used.
  • the new energy power supply system can generate a very large current in an instant, that is, the short-circuit current rise rate is extremely fast. This can cause damage to the supplied load, or even burn out the supply system, so extremely fast turn-off times for circuit breakers are required.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a switch device, a circuit breaker, and a power supply system.
  • the embodiments of the present application can achieve extremely fast breaking speed, and can also reduce the conduction loss of the switch device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a switching device, including: a connection terminal, a power module, and a driving module.
  • the power module includes a static contact and a moving contact, the static contact is electrically connected to the connecting terminal, and when the moving contact contacts the static contact, the switching device is turned on, When the moving contact and the stationary contact are disconnected, the switching device is disconnected.
  • the driving module includes a repulsion member, a fixed frame and a coil, the repulsive member is fixed on the fixed frame, the moving contact is fixed on the fixed frame, and the coil is used to generate a magnetic field to generate a magnetic field for the repulsive member. Repulsion force, the repulsion member drives the movable contact to move, and then drives the switch device to turn off.
  • the switch device can fix the repulsion member and the movable contact on the fixed frame, and drive the movable contact to move through the repulsive force generated by the coil on the repulsion member, so that the switch device can be realized on and off.
  • Such an implementation can achieve an extremely fast breaking speed, and can also reduce the conduction loss of the switching device.
  • the driving module further includes an electromagnet, which is used to generate a driving force on the moving contact when electrified, so as to drive the moving contact to contact the static contact , and then drive the switching device to conduct.
  • an electromagnet which is used to generate a driving force on the moving contact when electrified, so as to drive the moving contact to contact the static contact , and then drive the switching device to conduct.
  • the drive module further includes a first yoke, a connecting shaft and a first permanent magnet, the first yoke is fixed on the first end of the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft passes through
  • the moving contact is adapted to cooperate with the moving contact.
  • the first permanent magnet is used to generate a magnetic force on the first yoke so as to keep the moving contact and the static contact in a disconnected state. open state. Based on such a design, when the moving contact and the static contact are disconnected, the first switch can be guaranteed to be always in the OFF state, thereby improving the stability of the switching device.
  • the driving module further includes a second yoke and a second permanent magnet, and the second yoke is fixed to the second end of the connecting shaft.
  • the second permanent magnet is used to generate a magnetic force on the second yoke to keep the moving contact in contact with the static contact .
  • the driving module further includes an elastic member, and the elastic member is located between the movable contact and the first magnetic yoke.
  • the second permanent magnet is used to generate a magnetic force on the second yoke to drive the connecting shaft to move, and the first yoke is used to press the elastic member so that the elastic member is elastically deformed to generate elasticity.
  • the fixing frame is provided with a first annular groove, and the repelling member is accommodated in the first annular groove. Based on such a design, the embodiment of the present application can fix the repulsive member and the fixing frame together, thereby realizing the on-off of the switch device.
  • an adhesive member is provided between the fixing frame and the repelling member.
  • the fixed frame is further provided with a second annular groove, the first annular groove surrounds the second annular groove, and the moving contact is accommodated in the second annular groove, so The fixing piece of the moving contact is fixed in the fixing hole of the fixing frame.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a circuit breaker, the circuit breaker including the switching device as described above.
  • a circuit breaker the circuit breaker including the switching device as described above.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a control unit, the control unit is electrically connected to the switching device, and the control unit is used to control the state of the switching device. Based on such a design, the embodiment of the present application can control the on-off of the switching device through the control signal output by the control unit, thereby ensuring the safety of the power supply system.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a circuit breaker electrically connected between a DC power supply and a load
  • the circuit breaker includes a first switching device, a second switching device and a control unit.
  • the first switching device is electrically connected between the DC power supply and the load.
  • the second switching device is electrically connected between the DC power supply and the load, and the first switching device is connected in parallel with the second switching device.
  • the control unit is electrically connected to the first switching device and the second switching device, and the control unit is configured to control states of the first switching device and the second switching device.
  • one of the first switching device and the second switching device is a solid-state switching device, and the other is a mechanical switching device.
  • one of the first switching device and the second switching device of the circuit breaker is a solid-state switching device, and the other is a mechanical switching device, so that the first switching device can be controlled by the control unit. state of the switching device and the second switching device.
  • the circuit breaker in the embodiment of the present application does not need a linkage device, and the control unit can control the conduction or disconnection of the two switching devices, and the corresponding time of the switching action is short. Conduction loss is small.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a first drive unit and a second drive unit, the control unit is electrically connected to the first drive unit and the second drive unit, and the first drive unit The unit is used for controlling the state of the first switching device according to the first signal of the control unit, and the second driving unit is used for controlling the state of the second switching device according to the second signal of the control unit.
  • the control unit can control the states of the first switching device and the second switching device through two driving units, and an extremely fast turn-off time can be realized.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a third switching device, the third switching device is electrically connected between the second switching device and the load, and the third switching device and the The second switching device is connected in series; the third switching device is used to form an air gap for a circuit of the second switching device after the second switching device is turned off. Based on this design, the safety and stability of the circuit breaker can be improved.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a casing
  • the casing may include a bottom plate, a first side plate, a second side plate and a first end plate, the first side plate and the second side plate
  • the plates are respectively connected to both sides of the bottom plate, the first end plate is connected to one end of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the first end plate together form a receiving space, so as to The first switching device, the second switching device, the third switching device, the first driving unit, the second driving unit and the control unit are accommodated.
  • a display screen is provided on the second side panel, the display screen is electrically connected to the control unit, and the display screen is used to configure protection threshold parameters of the circuit breaker. Based on such a design, the circuit breaker can set the action response time of the circuit breaker under different currents through the display screen.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a plurality of main contacts, the plurality of main contacts are all electrically connected to the first switching device, and the plurality of main contacts are pluggably connected to the the DC power supply. Based on such a design, the embodiments of the present application can realize plugging and unplugging between the circuit breaker and the DC power supply, which facilitates maintenance and replacement of devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a power supply system
  • the power supply system includes a DC power supply, a load, and the circuit breaker as described above, and the circuit breaker is used to disconnect the power supply system when a short circuit occurs. connection between the DC power supply and the load.
  • circuit breaker and power supply system of the embodiment of the present application can realize ultra-fast breaking operation, and can also reduce welding lines between coils, so as to avoid fatigue fracture caused by moving back and forth welding lines of moving coils.
  • the circuit breaker and the power supply system provided by the embodiments of the present application can achieve faster short-circuit breaking speed, lower conduction loss and lower cost.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is another schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a power-on sequence diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a power-off sequence diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first switching device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic disassembly diagram of the first switching device according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is another structural schematic diagram of the casing of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the repulsive member and the fixing frame according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is another structural schematic diagram of the repulsive member and the fixing frame according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is another structural schematic diagram of the repulsive member and the fixing frame according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic yoke and a connecting shaft according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 18 is another structural schematic diagram of the magnetic yoke and the connecting shaft of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the threaded disk of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a coil and a stent according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 21 is another structural schematic diagram of the coil and the stent according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a micro switch according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first switching device in the off state according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first switching device in the conduction state according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.
  • first application, the second application, etc. are used to distinguish different applications, rather than to describe the specific order of applications, and the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or More of this feature.
  • circuit breakers are often used in this type of system to realize functions such as power distribution and protection.
  • a short-circuit fault occurs in the power supply system, it will generate a very large current rise rate and a very large current, so it is necessary for the circuit breaker to achieve an extremely fast turn-off time.
  • a circuit breaker can be applied to a DC power supply system or an AC power supply system, which means that it can close, carry and break current under normal circuit conditions and can close, carry and break abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time current switching device.
  • the circuit breaker has overload, short circuit and undervoltage protection functions, and has the ability to protect lines and power supplies.
  • a circuit breaker may include a main contact 101 , a hook 102 , a connecting shaft 103 , a lever 104 , an electromagnetic release 105 , an armature 106 , a coil 107 and a spring 108 .
  • One end of the hook 102 can be fixed on the connecting shaft 103.
  • the coil 107 connected in series in the power loop 109 can generate a magnetic field to attract the armature 106.
  • the circuit breaker has many linkage devices during the breaking process, such as spring 108, hook 102, lever 104, armature 106, etc., and the linkage time is relatively long.
  • the breaking will generate an arc, and the arcing time will be long, which will affect the electrical life of the contact. Based on the above reasons, the circuit breaker in this scenario can only achieve a breaking time of millisecond (ms) level, and the short-circuit breaking speed is relatively slow.
  • the arc may refer to the gas ions that can emit strong light and conduct electricity generated in the contact gap when the mechanical circuit breaker is disconnected. The system circuit is not disconnected until the arc is extinguished and the contact gap becomes an insulating medium.
  • the arcing time may refer to the time period during which an arc occurs in each phase of the circuit breaker during the breaking process.
  • a circuit breaker can use electronic power devices instead of switches for on-off.
  • This circuit breaker can achieve extremely fast turn-off time, but is limited by the current manufacturing process and material characteristics of power electronic switches.
  • the conduction loss of the circuit breaker is relatively high, and the on-state current constant is generally not high.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a switch device, a circuit breaker and a power supply system.
  • the switch device, circuit breaker and power supply system in the embodiments of the present application can achieve faster short-circuit breaking speed and lower conduction losses and are less costly.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply system 400 in this embodiment may include a circuit breaker 100 , a DC power supply 200 and a load 300 .
  • the output end of the DC power supply 200 may be electrically connected to one end of the circuit breaker 100
  • the other end of the circuit breaker 100 may be electrically connected to the load 300 .
  • the DC power supply 200 may be a power battery (such as a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium-ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, etc.) or a storage battery.
  • a power battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium-ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, etc.
  • a storage battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium-ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, etc.
  • the DC power supply 200 can also be electrically connected to an upper stage circuit such as an AC/DC converter (Alternating Current/Direct-Current converter) or other DC/DC converters (such as BUCK converters, BOOST converters, BUCK converters, etc. -BOOST converter, etc.), etc.
  • the DC power supply 200 may be a direct power supply, or an indirect power supply transmitted through a circuit.
  • the load 300 may be a photovoltaic inverter, an electric vehicle, other DC/DC converters or a DC/AC converter (Direct-Current/Alternating Current converter) and the like.
  • the circuit breaker 100 may disconnect the DC power supply 200 from the load 300 when a short circuit occurs in the power supply system 400 .
  • the circuit breaker 100 utilizes the extremely fast short-circuit current breaking capacity and arc-free breaking characteristics of power electronic power devices to realize arc extinguishing during the breaking process, and the circuit breaker 100 also utilizes the The mechanical contact has extremely low conduction loss characteristics to achieve low loss and low temperature rise in the closed state, and the power electronic switch has a long life and good reliability. It can be understood that the short-circuit breaking capacity can refer to the highest current value that the circuit breaker can break without being damaged.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system 400 provided in another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the circuit breaker 100 in this embodiment may be electrically connected between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300 .
  • the circuit breaker 100 may include a first switching device 10 , a second switching device 20 , a third switching device 30 , a first driving unit 40 , a second driving unit 50 and a control unit 60 .
  • the first switching device 10 and the second switching device 20 are connected in parallel.
  • the second switching device 20 and the third switching device 30 are connected in series.
  • the first end of the first switching device 10 may be electrically connected to the DC power supply 200
  • the second end of the first switching device 10 may be electrically connected to the load 300
  • the first end of the first switching device 10 The three terminals can be electrically connected to the first driving unit 40 .
  • the first end of the second switching device 20 may be electrically connected to the DC power supply 200, the second end of the second switching device 20 may be electrically connected to the first end of the third switching device 30, the The third terminal of the second switching device 20 can be electrically connected to the second driving unit 50 . Both the first driving unit 40 and the second driving unit 50 are electrically connected to the control unit 60 .
  • the second switching device 20 may be an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field- Effect Transistor, MOSFET) or Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor (Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor, IGCT).
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field- Effect Transistor
  • IGCT Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor
  • the third terminal of the second switching device 20 is the control terminal of the second switching device 20 .
  • the second terminal of the third switching device 30 can be electrically connected to the load 300, the third terminal of the third switching device 30 can receive the control signal of the control unit 60, and the third terminal of the third switching device 30 can The third terminal may be the control terminal of the third switching device 30 .
  • the first driving unit 40 can control the state of the first switching device 10 according to the signal output by the control unit 60
  • the second driving unit 50 can control the state of the first switching device 10 according to the signal output by the control unit 60.
  • the signal output by the control unit 60 controls the state of the second switching device 20 .
  • one of the first switching device 10 and the second switching device 20 is a solid-state switching device, and the other is a mechanical switching device.
  • the first switching device 10 may be a mechanical switching device
  • the second switching device 20 may be a solid-state switching device.
  • the third switching device 30 has an auxiliary switching node, and the control unit 60 can detect the state of the third switching device 30 .
  • the control unit 60 may detect that the third switching device 30 is turned off or turned on.
  • the second switching device 20 can realize the effect of no fox breaking, and the first switch can realize low power consumption of the system.
  • the control unit 60 controls the third switching device 30 to be turned on
  • the second driving unit 50 then controls the second switching device 20 to be turned on.
  • the control unit 60 may then control the third switching device 30 to turn off.
  • the third switching device 30 may be configured to form an air gap for the circuit of the second switching device 20 after the second switching device 20 is turned off.
  • the control unit 60 may control the third switching device 30 to be turned on, and then The second driving unit 50 can control the second switching device 20 to be turned on. At this time, the control unit 60 can further detect the current between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300, and can judge that the Whether the current between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300 is normal.
  • control unit 60 determines that the current between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300 is normal, for example, because the current of the power supply system 400 is less than the first threshold or because the current rise rate di/dt of the power supply system 400 is within a continuous period When the time ⁇ t is less than the second threshold, the control unit 60 will output a signal to the first driving unit 40 to control the first switching device 10 to be turned on.
  • control unit 60 determines that the current between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300 is abnormal, for example, the current between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300 is greater than a first threshold or a short circuit occurs in the power supply system 400 When the current rising rate di/dt is greater than the second threshold within a continuous period of time ⁇ t, the control unit 60 outputs a signal to the second driving unit 50 to control the second switching device 20 to turn off.
  • the control unit 60 determines that the current or the rate of rise of the current between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300 is abnormal, for example, the current between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300 When the current is greater than the first threshold or the current rise rate di/dt is greater than the second threshold for a continuous period of time ⁇ t due to a short circuit in the power supply system 400, the control unit 60 outputs a signal to the first drive unit 40, to control the first switching device 10 to be turned off.
  • control unit 60 When the control unit 60 has not detected the current on the loop where the first switching device 10 is located, the control unit 60 outputs a signal to the second driving unit 50 to control the second switching device 20 to turn off, Furthermore, the connection between the power supply system 400 and the load 300 is disconnected. After the second switching device 20 is turned off, the control unit 60 controls the third switching device 30 to be turned off so as to realize the mechanical break point isolation of the power supply system 400 and the load 300 .
  • the control unit 60 can analyze the fault type of the power supply system 400 and perform corresponding actions. deal with. The control unit 60 can determine the fault type of the power supply system 400 according to the detected current.
  • the fault handling of the power supply system 400 by the circuit breaker 100 will be illustrated below with an example.
  • the fault type is a short circuit
  • the control unit 60 controls the first switching device 10 to be disconnected, and then the control unit 60 will continue to confirm whether the first switching device 10 has been completely disconnected. If the first switching device 10 has been turned off, the control unit 60 will further control the second switching device 20 to turn off.
  • the circuit breaker 100 can protect the power supply system 400 .
  • the control unit 60 confirms whether the detected current is greater than the threshold within the first time, if the detected current is greater than the threshold within the first time, the control unit 60 controls the first The switching device 10 is turned off. The control unit 60 will also continue to confirm whether the first switching device 10 has been completely turned off. If the first switching device 10 has been turned off, the control unit 60 will further control the second switching device 20 to turn off. Thus, the circuit breaker 100 can protect the power supply system 400 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker 100 provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the circuit breaker 100 in this embodiment can confirm the fault type of the power supply system 400 according to the detected current.
  • the coil 21 (shown in FIG. 5 ) is connected between the DC power supply 200 and the connecting terminal 11 (shown in FIG. 3 ), wherein, in a possible implementation, the connecting terminal 11 may be Copper bar, the first switch device 10 is connected between the connection terminal 11 and the load 300, and the first end of the second switch device 20 is connected between the coil 21 and the connection terminal 11 , the second terminal of the second switching device 20 is connected to the load 300 .
  • the connecting terminal 11 may be Copper bar
  • the first switch device 10 is connected between the connection terminal 11 and the load 300
  • the first end of the second switch device 20 is connected between the coil 21 and the connection terminal 11
  • the second terminal of the second switching device 20 is connected to the load 300 .
  • control unit 60 can connect the two terminals of the connection terminal 11 to detect the voltage between the two terminals, and then can obtain the current of the loop where the first switching device 10 is located. Isense, so it can be judged according to the current Isense whether the power supply system 200 is overloaded.
  • the coil may be a Rogowski coil, and the coil may be used to determine whether the power supply system 400 is struck by lightning or short-circuited. Further, the control unit 60 can detect the current change rate di/dt of the power supply system 400 through the coil, and confirm the fault type according to the current change rate di/dt and the duration of the power supply system 400 .
  • circuit breaker provided in the embodiment of the present application will be illustrated below with reference to the drawings and actual application scenarios.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are schematic structural diagrams of a circuit breaker 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the circuit breaker 100 may include a first switching device 10 , a first driving unit 40 , a control unit 60 and a casing 70 .
  • the housing 70 may include a bottom plate 71 , a first side plate 72 , a second side plate 73 and a first end plate 74 .
  • the first side plate 72 and the second side plate 73 may be respectively connected to two sides of the bottom plate 71
  • the first end plate 74 may be connected to a first end of the bottom plate 71 .
  • the bottom plate 71 , the first side plate 72 , the second side plate 73 and the first end plate 74 can jointly form a storage space 75 for accommodating the first switch device 10 and the second switch device 10 .
  • the first driving unit 40 can be fixed on the first end plate 74 .
  • the housing 70 may further include a top cover and a second end plate (not shown in the figure).
  • the second end plate can be connected to the second end of the bottom plate 71, the second end plate can also be connected to the first side plate 72 and the second side plate 73, and the top cover can be connected to the The first side plate 72, the second side plate 73 and the second end plate.
  • the circuit breaker 100 may further include a plurality of main contacts 80, each of the main contacts 80 may be electrically connected to the connection terminal 11 of the first switching device 10, and the coil 21 may be sleeved It is provided on the connecting terminal 11, wherein the coil 21 may be a Rogowski coil.
  • a plurality of openings 721 may be provided on the first side plate 72 , and the plurality of openings 721 may correspond to the plurality of main contacts 80 one by one.
  • each of the main contacts 80 can be connected to an external device through the opening 721 .
  • the plurality of main contacts 80 are pluggably connected to the DC power supply 200, that is, the main contacts 80 can realize plugging and unplugging between the circuit breaker 100 and the power supply system 400, which is convenient for maintenance and replace.
  • the connecting terminal 11 may be provided with a terminal 113 and a terminal 114 , and the terminal 113 and the terminal 114 may be electrically connected to the control unit 60 . It can be understood that the control unit 60 can detect the current Isense of the loop where the first switching device 10 is located by detecting the voltages of the terminal 113 and the terminal 114 .
  • a display screen 76 may be provided on the second side panel 73 , and the display screen 76 may be electrically connected to the control unit 60 .
  • the control unit 60 can detect the operating parameters of the power supply system 400, such as parameters such as current or voltage between the DC power supply 200 and the load 300, and transmit the detected parameters to the display screen 76, Thus, the display screen 76 can display the operating parameters of the entire power supply system 400 in real time.
  • the control unit 60 can also transmit the opening or closing information of the circuit breaker 100 to the display screen 76, so as to control the display screen 76 to display the opening or closing status of the circuit breaker 100 in real time. gate status.
  • the display screen 76 can realize the protection threshold and time setting of the circuit breaker 100 , that is, the action response time of the circuit breaker 100 can be set under different currents.
  • the circuit breaker 100 may further include a circuit board 90 .
  • the second switching device 20, the third switching device 30 and the second driving unit 50 can be integrated on the circuit board 90, and the control unit 60 can be electrically connected to the second driving unit Unit 50.
  • a connector 722 may also be provided on the first side plate 72, and the connector 722 is used to receive instructions from an external device, so that the state of the circuit breaker 100 can be remotely controlled, for example, the external The device can remotely control the circuit breaker 100 to be turned on or off.
  • the connector 722 can also be used to power the control portion of the circuit breaker 100 .
  • the external device can communicate with the control unit 60 through the connector 722 to acquire information of the circuit breaker 100 .
  • the circuit breaker 100 may further include a power converter (not shown in the figure), the power converter is electrically connected to the DC power supply 200, and the power converter converts the DC power supply
  • the first voltage output by 200 is converted into a second voltage, and the second voltage can be provided to the control unit 60 , the first driving unit 40 and the second driving unit 50 for power supply.
  • FIG. 7 shows a power-on sequence diagram of the power supply system 400 in FIG. 3 .
  • the closing signal shown in FIG. 7 may be a signal output by the external device to the control unit 60
  • the solid-state switch signal may be a signal output by the control unit 60 to the second drive unit 50
  • the switch signal may be the signal output by the control unit 60 to the first drive unit 40
  • the solid state switch state may be the state of the second switch device 20
  • the mechanical switch state may be the state of the first switch device 10 .
  • the control unit 60 receives the closing signal of the external device.
  • the control unit 60 sends a high-level solid-state switch signal to the second drive unit 50 .
  • the second driving unit 50 controls the state of the second switching device 20, that is, the second switching device 20 switches from the off state to the on state.
  • the control unit 60 outputs a high-level mechanical switch signal to the first driving unit 40 .
  • the first driving unit 40 controls the state of the first switching device 10, that is, the first switching device 10 switches from the off state to the on state.
  • both the first switching device 10 and the second switching device 20 are in a conducting state.
  • the external device no longer outputs the closing signal to the control unit 60 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a power-off sequence diagram of the power supply system 400 in FIG. 3 .
  • the opening signal shown in FIG. 8 may be a signal output from the external device to the control unit 60 .
  • the control unit 60 receives an opening signal from the external device.
  • the control unit 60 sends a high-level mechanical switch signal to the first drive unit 40 .
  • the first driving unit 40 controls the state of the first switching device 10, that is, the first switching device 10 switches from the on state to the off state.
  • the control unit 60 outputs a low-level solid-state switch signal to the second drive unit 50 .
  • the second driving unit 50 controls the state of the second switching device 20, that is, the second switching device 20 switches from the on state to the off state.
  • both the first switching device 10 and the second switching device 20 are in an off state.
  • the external device no longer outputs an opening signal to the control unit 60 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first switching device 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first switch device 10 may include a connection terminal 11 and a housing 14 .
  • the connection terminal 11 may be the main power supply line in the electric equipment, the connection terminal 11 may have a large current flow capacity, and the connection terminal 11 may include a copper bar or an aluminum bar.
  • the housing 14 may include an upper cover 141 , a middle frame 142 and a lower cover 143 .
  • the upper cover 141 may be in contact with the top of the middle frame 142
  • the lower cover 143 may be in contact with the bottom of the middle frame 142 .
  • the circuit breaker 100 may further include a power module 12 and the driving module 13 .
  • the connecting terminal 11 , the power module 12 and the driving module 13 can all be accommodated in the housing 14 .
  • the middle frame 142 can be provided with a receiving space 1423 , so that at least a part of the power module 12 and the driving module 13 can be stored in the receiving space 1423 .
  • the power module 12 in the embodiment of the present application may include a moving contact 121 and a static contact 122, the static contact 122 is electrically connected to the connecting terminal 11, and the The movable contact 121 can move.
  • the moving contact 121 when the moving contact 121 is in contact with the static contact 122 , the first switching device 10 is turned on. In another scenario, for example, when the movable contact 121 and the static contact 122 are disconnected, the first switching device 10 is disconnected.
  • the moving contact 121 and the stationary contact 122 may also be collectively referred to as a moving contact system.
  • the connecting terminal 11 may include a first connecting terminal 111 and a second connecting terminal 112, and the static contact 122 may include a first static contact 123 and a second static contact 124.
  • the first static contact 123 may be connected to the first connection terminal 111, and the second static contact 124 may be connected to the second connection terminal 112.
  • the first static contact 123 and the second static contact 124 are in an electrically disconnected state.
  • the first connecting terminal 111 and the second connecting terminal 112 are in the disconnected state, that is, the first switching device 10 is in the disconnected state. open state.
  • the movable contact 121 can connect the first static contact 123 and the second static contact 124 to provide the first A low-resistance path is provided between the connection terminal 111 and the second connection terminal 112, so that the first connection terminal 111 and the second connection terminal 112 are electrically connected, that is, the first switching device 10 is turned on state.
  • the static contact 122 and the connecting terminal 11 may be an integrated structure, or in other words, the static contact 122 may be a part of the connecting terminal 11 .
  • the driving module 13 may include a permanent magnet 131 , a permanent magnet 132 , an elastic member 133 , a repelling member 134 , a coil 135 and an electromagnet 136 .
  • the permanent magnet 131 can be fixed on the lower cover 143 .
  • the driving module 13 may further include a sleeve 137 , and the permanent magnet 131 may be disposed in the sleeve 137 .
  • an adhesive piece may be provided between the sleeve 137 and the permanent magnet 131 .
  • the permanent magnet 131 and the sleeve 137 can be fixedly connected together by means of glue.
  • the lower cover 143 is provided with a receiving portion 1431 , and the sleeve 137 can be received in the receiving portion 1431 .
  • the lower cover 143 may also be provided with a through hole 1432 , and the bottom of the sleeve 137 may be provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the through hole 1432 . Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the fixing member can pass through the through hole 1432 and be fixed in the fixing hole of the sleeve 137 , so as to fix the sleeve 137 on the lower cover 143 .
  • the fixing hole of the sleeve 137 may be a screw hole, and the fixing member may be a screw.
  • the lower cover 143 may also be provided with a through hole 1435
  • the bottom of the middle frame 142 may also be provided with a fixing hole 1425 corresponding to the through hole 1435 . Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can be fixed in the fixing hole 1425 through the fixing member passing through the through hole 1435 , and then the lower cover 143 can be fixed on the bottom of the middle frame 142 .
  • the lower cover 143 can also be provided with a boss 1433 and a boss 1434, and the two bosses 1433 can be respectively located at two ends of the receiving portion 1431, and the first The connection terminal 111 has a through hole corresponding to the protrusion 1433 , and the second connection terminal 112 has a through hole corresponding to the protrusion 1434 .
  • the protruding post 1433 and the protruding post 1434 can match with the through hole of the first connecting terminal 111 and the through hole of the second connecting terminal 112 respectively.
  • both the inner and outer surfaces of the first static contact 123 and the second static contact 124 can be sprayed with a layer of insulating varnish, so as to play an insulating role.
  • epoxy resin may be used as a material of the insulating varnish.
  • the first static contact 123 and the second static contact 124 can jointly enclose a receiving space 125, and both the sleeve 137 and the permanent magnet 131 can be located in the receiving space.
  • 125 the first static contact 123 and the second static contact 124 can jointly enclose a receiving space 125, and both the sleeve 137 and the permanent magnet 131 can be located in the receiving space.
  • the driving module 13 may further include a magnetic yoke 138 , a magnetic yoke 139 and a connecting shaft 1310 .
  • the yoke 138 and the yoke 139 may be configured to provide a certain holding force when the first switching device 10 is switched on or off.
  • the yoke 138 in this embodiment can be adsorbed on the permanent magnet 131 .
  • the yoke 138 may include a body portion 1381 and an extension portion 1382 , and the extension portion 1382 may be fixedly connected to the body portion 1381 .
  • the connecting shaft 1310 may include a first stepped portion 1311 , a second stepped portion 1312 and a connecting portion 1313 .
  • the first stepped portion 1311 is fixedly connected to the second stepped portion 1312
  • the second stepped portion 1312 is fixedly connected to the connecting portion 1313 .
  • the second stepped portion 1312 is located between the first stepped portion 1311 and the connecting portion 1313 .
  • the first stepped portion 1311, the second stepped portion 1312 and the connecting portion 1313 can all be circular, and the diameter of the first stepped portion 1311 is larger than that of the second stepped portion.
  • the diameter of the connecting portion 1313 is smaller than the diameter of the second stepped portion 1312 .
  • first stepped portion 1311 can be provided with a fixing hole 1314
  • extension portion 1382 can be fixed in the fixing hole 1314 of the connecting shaft 1310
  • main body portion 1381 can be adsorbed on the permanent magnet 131 on.
  • internal threads may be provided in the fixing hole 1314 .
  • the connecting portion 1313 may be provided with external threads.
  • the yoke 139 may include a body portion 1391 and an extension portion 1392 , and the body portion 1391 may be fixedly connected to the extension portion 1392 . It can be understood that, in an embodiment, the yoke 139 may also be provided with a fixing hole 1393 .
  • the fixing hole 1393 may pass through the main body portion 1391 and the extension portion 1392 .
  • the connection part 1313 of the connection shaft 1310 can be fixed in the fixing hole 1393 , and the body part 1391 can be adsorbed on the permanent magnet 132 .
  • the movable contact 121 can be sleeved on the connecting shaft 1310 .
  • the moving contact 121 may be provided with a through hole 1211, the diameter of the through hole 1211 is smaller than the diameter of the first step portion 1311, and the diameter of the through hole 1211 is larger than the diameter of the second step portion 1312. diameter, so that both the second stepped portion 1312 and the connecting portion 1313 can pass through the through hole 1211 of the movable contact 121, while the first stepped portion 1311 cannot pass through the movable contact.
  • the through hole 1211 of the contact 121 can further enable the moving contact 121 to be sleeved on the second step portion 1312 .
  • the elastic member 133 can be sleeved on the connecting shaft 1310 , and the elastic member 133 can be located between the moving contact 121 and the yoke 139 .
  • the elastic member 133 may be a spring. After the moving contact 121 is connected with the first static contact 123 and the second static contact 124, the elastic member 133 will continue to be compressed by a certain length under the action of the permanent magnet 131 . It can be understood that the permanent magnet 131 generates a magnetic force on the yoke 138, thereby driving the connecting shaft to move, and the yoke 139 will press against the elastic member 133, so that the elastic member 133 will Elastic deformation produces elastic force.
  • the first switch device 10 may further include a fixing frame 15 , and the fixing frame 15 may be used to fix the repulsive member 134 .
  • the moving contact is fixed on the fixing frame 15 .
  • the fixing frame 15 is provided with an annular groove 151 , and the repelling member 134 can be accommodated in the annular groove 151 .
  • an adhesive member may be provided between the fixing frame 15 and the repelling member 134 . That is, the fixing frame 15 and the repelling member 134 can be fixedly connected together by means of glue.
  • the repelling member 134 may be made of materials such as copper, aluminum or aluminum alloy. In order to improve the efficiency of the repelling member 134, its surface can usually be plated with silver.
  • a second annular groove 152 may be provided at a middle position of the fixing bracket 15 , and the annular groove 151 may surround the annular groove 152 .
  • the movable contact 121 can be accommodated in the annular groove 152 .
  • the fixed frame 15 can also be provided with a through groove 154 and a fixing hole 155, and the connecting shaft 1310, the elastic member 133 and the yoke 139 can all be accommodated in the through groove 154 , and the extension portion 1392 of the yoke 139 can leak out of the fixing frame 15 .
  • the movable contact 121 may be provided with a riveting post 1212 corresponding to the fixing hole 155 , and the riveting post 1212 may be fixed in the fixing hole 155 .
  • the drive module 13 may also include a threaded disk 17, the threaded disk 17 in this embodiment can be used to limit the position of the electromagnet 136 and guiding role.
  • the threaded disc 17 may be provided with a through hole 171 and a through hole 172 , the through hole 171 and the through hole 172 are connected, and the permanent magnet 132 may be accommodated in the through hole 172 .
  • the permanent magnet 132 can be provided with a through hole (not shown in the figure), wherein, the through hole of the permanent magnet 132 can be connected with the through hole 171 and the through hole 172 connected.
  • the drive module 13 may further include a bracket 16, the bracket 16 may be provided with an annular cavity 161, and the coil 135 may be housed in the inside the annular cavity 161. It can be understood that, in one embodiment, both the bracket 16 and the coil 135 can be sleeved on the static contact 122 .
  • the bracket 16 and the coil 135 can be located between the repelling member 134 and the lower cover 143 .
  • the bracket 16 can also be provided with a through hole 162 , and the static contact 122 can pass through the through hole 162 .
  • the gap between the annular cavity 161 and the coil 135 may be filled with an insulating material, and the insulating material may be silica gel and epoxy resin or the like.
  • the coil 135 may be made of materials such as copper or aluminum.
  • the coil 135 can generate a magnetic field by discharging an external capacitor, and the repelling member 134 can induce a magnetic field opposite to the coil 135 .
  • the repulsive member 134 can be fixed to the fixed frame 15, the movable contact can be fixed to the fixed frame 15, and the coil 135 can generate a repulsive force to the repulsive member 134, thereby The repulsive member can drive the moving contact 121 to move, and then drive the first switching device 10 to turn off.
  • the bracket 16 can be made of soft magnetic material, such as ferrite, electrical pure iron, silicon steel sheet, amorphous strip or non-magnetic material, etc., and the non-magnetic material can be plastic and stainless steel wait.
  • soft magnetic material such as ferrite, electrical pure iron, silicon steel sheet, amorphous strip or non-magnetic material, etc.
  • non-magnetic material can be plastic and stainless steel wait.
  • the electromagnet 136 may include a body portion 1361 and a moving shaft 1362 , and the moving shaft 1362 may be slidably connected to the body portion 1361 . Wherein, the first end of the moving shaft 1362 can be connected with the through hole of the permanent magnet 132 , the through hole 171 and the through hole 172 .
  • the first end of the moving shaft 1362 can sequentially pass through the through hole of the permanent magnet 132, the through hole 171 and the through hole 172, and the The yoke 139 and the elastic member 133 generate pressure, and then can drive the movable contact 121 to approach the static contact 122, thereby making the static contact 122 and the movable contact 121 contact, Furthermore, the first switching device 10 is turned on.
  • the top of the body part 1361 is provided with a fixing hole (not shown in the figure), the upper cover 141 can include a receiving part 1411 and a body part 1416, and the receiving part 1411 can be fixedly connected to the body part 1416, so The receiving portion 1411 can be provided with a receiving space 1415 , and the receiving space 1415 can be used to receive the electromagnet 136 .
  • the receiving portion 1411 may be provided with a through hole 1412 corresponding to the fixing hole of the body portion 1361 .
  • the first switch device 10 may further include a fixing part 1413 .
  • the fixing member 1413 can pass through the through hole 1412 and be fixed in the fixing hole of the body part 1361 , thereby fixing the electromagnet 136 on the upper cover 141 .
  • the receiving portion 1411 may also be provided with a through hole 1414, when the electromagnet 136 is received in the receiving space 1415 of the receiving portion 1411, the second end of the moving shaft 1362 can be moved from the The position of the through hole 1414 leaks out of the upper cover 141 .
  • the top of the middle frame 142 can also be provided with a fixing hole 1422, and the body part 1416 can be provided with a through hole 1419 corresponding to the fixing hole 1422, therefore, the embodiments of the present application can Through the through hole 1419 and fixed in the fixing hole 1422 , the upper cover 141 can be fixed on the top of the middle frame 142 .
  • the threaded disc 17 may be provided with threads, and the receiving portion 1411 may be provided with threads matched with the threaded disc 17, thus, the threaded disc 17 can be rotated into the upper cover 141, so that The threads on the threaded disk 17 cooperate with the threads in the receiving portion 1411 to fix the threaded disk 17 on the upper cover 141 .
  • the first switch device 10 may further include a micro switch 18 and a fixing member 181 .
  • the micro switch 18 can be used to sense the state of the first switching device 10 and can feed back the state of the first switching device 10 to the control unit 60 .
  • the micro switch 18 can be fixed on the upper cover 141 . It can be understood that referring to FIG. 12 again, the bottom of the body part 1416 may be provided with an extension part 1417 downward, and a fixing hole 1418 may be provided on the extension part 1417 .
  • the micro switch 18 is provided with a through hole 182 corresponding to the fixing hole 1418, the fixing member 181 can pass through the through hole 182, thereby being fixed in the fixing hole 1418, and then the micro switch 181
  • the manual switch 18 is fixed at the lower position of the upper cover 141 .
  • the fixing member 181 may be a screw
  • the fixing hole 1418 may be a screw hole.
  • the bottom of the micro switch 18 is also provided with a sensing part 183 . It can be understood that when the repulsive member 134 drives the fixed frame 15 to move upward, the fixed frame 15 will press against the sensing part 183, and at this time, the micro switch 18 will output a first sensing signal For the control unit 60, when the repulsive member 134 drives the fixed frame 15 to move downward, the sensing part 183 will not be pressed, and at this time, the micro switch 18 will output the second sensing signal to the control unit 60. Thus, the micro switch 18 can output a sensing signal to the control unit 60 according to whether the sensing part 183 is pressed or not, so as to prompt the opening or closing state.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the first switching device 10 in an open state in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electromagnet 136 can obtain power from an external power source, so that the movable contact 121 can be separated from the permanent position from the open position.
  • the magnetic yoke 139 and the permanent magnet 132 have a certain air gap, and the elastic member 133 continues to be compressed under the action of the permanent magnetic force until the magnetic yoke 138 It is in full contact with the permanent magnet 131 so as to remain in the closed position. That is, when the moving contact is in contact with the static contact, the permanent magnet 131 will generate a magnetic force on the yoke 138 to keep the moving contact and the static contact in a contact state. .
  • the electromagnet 136 can be powered off, and the switching force provided by the permanent magnet 131 is greater than the force value of the compressed elastic member 133 .
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the first switching device 10 in the closed state in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the coil 135 can be discharged through an external capacitor, and at this time, the repulsive member 134 can sense a current opposite to that of the coil 135 and The magnetic field can form a repulsive force to complete the rapid separation of the moving contact 121 and the static contact 122.
  • the permanent magnet 132 provides the opening holding force to keep the opening position. That is, when the moving contact is disconnected from the static contact, the permanent magnet 132 will generate a magnetic force on the yoke 139 to keep the moving contact and the static contact in the disconnected position. open state.
  • the embodiment of the present application By adopting the embodiment of the present application, ultra-fast breaking operation can be realized, and the welding lines between the coils can be reduced, so as to avoid fatigue fracture caused by the moving coil welding lines moving back and forth in the double-coil solution.
  • the embodiment of the present application has no positive and negative polarity requirements for the lead wires of the coil 135 and the electromagnet 136, which can realize fool-proof wiring, simple wiring, and no possibility of error.
  • the circuit breaker and the power supply system provided by the embodiments of the present application can achieve faster short-circuit breaking speed, lower conduction loss and lower cost.

Abstract

Sont divulgués dans un mode de réalisation de la présente demande un dispositif de commutation, un disjoncteur et un système d'alimentation électrique, qui peuvent améliorer les performances de commutation d'un disjoncteur. Le disjoncteur comprend un premier dispositif de commutation, un second dispositif de commutation et une unité de commande. Le premier dispositif de commutation est connecté électriquement entre une alimentation en courant continu et une charge. Le second commutateur est connecté électriquement entre l'alimentation en courant continu et la charge, et le premier dispositif de commutation est connecté en parallèle au second dispositif de commutation. L'unité de commande est connectée électriquement au premier dispositif de commutation et au second dispositif de commutation, et l'unité de commande est configurée pour commander les états du premier commutateur et du second commutateur. L'un du premier dispositif de commutation et du second dispositif de commutation est un dispositif de commutation à semi-conducteurs, et l'autre est un dispositif de commutation mécanique. L'utilisation du disjoncteur et du système d'alimentation électrique des modes de réalisation de la présente demande permet d'obtenir une vitesse de coupure de court-circuit plus élevée, une perte à l'allumage inférieure et des coûts inférieurs.
PCT/CN2021/128506 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Dispositif de commutation, disjoncteur et système d'alimentation électrique WO2023077319A1 (fr)

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CN202180007490.6A CN116569297A (zh) 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 开关器件、断路器和供电系统
PCT/CN2021/128506 WO2023077319A1 (fr) 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Dispositif de commutation, disjoncteur et système d'alimentation électrique

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PCT/CN2021/128506 WO2023077319A1 (fr) 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Dispositif de commutation, disjoncteur et système d'alimentation électrique

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CN117220653A (zh) * 2023-09-13 2023-12-12 上海正泰智能科技有限公司 固态开关控制方法、固态开关系统、控制单元及存储介质

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CN103001614A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2013-03-27 西安交通大学 一种具有选择性保护功能的混合式断路器
CN206210713U (zh) * 2016-11-02 2017-05-31 许继集团有限公司 永磁保持模块、快速操动机构及使用该机构的快速开关
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KR20200096196A (ko) * 2018-08-31 2020-08-11 엘에스일렉트릭(주) 직류 릴레이
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