WO2023072585A1

WO2023072585A1 - Pneumatic fertiliser spreader

Info

Publication number: WO2023072585A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/078283
Authority: WO
Inventors: Theodor Leeb
Original assignee: Horsch Leeb Application Systems Gmbh
Priority date: 2021-10-27
Filing date: 2022-10-11
Publication date: 2023-05-04
Also published as: DE102021127983A1

Abstract

The application relates to a pneumatic fertiliser spreader for distributing granular material to be spread. The pneumatic fertiliser spreader (1) comprises a distribution bar assembly (2) for applying granular material to be spread, having two lateral booms (3), each of which comprises a plurality of distribution lines (4) and application elements (5) for applying the material to be spread. The material to be spread can be conveyed, by means of an volumetric air flow, towards the application elements (5) along the distribution lines (4) which are arranged in part on the distribution bar assembly (2), wherein, for applying the material to be spread, the application elements (5) each comprise a baffle element (6) for forming a spread fan (7) of material to be spread. The pneumatic fertiliser spreader (1) is characterised by at least two adjacent baffle elements (6) for generating two adjacent spread fans (7a, 7b) which have partially overlapping striking regions (10a) of the material to be spread and different spreading planes (9a, 9b, 9c).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Pneumatic fertilizer spreader

The invention relates to a pneumatic fertilizer spreader for distributing granular spreading material.

Pneumatic fertilizer spreaders are known from the prior art. Fertilizer spreaders are used for the full-surface distribution of granular (granular) spreading material (fertilizer, seeds and/or the like.). In order to spread the granular spreading material, fertilizer spreaders of this type have a distribution linkage with distribution devices or dispensing elements (e.g. baffle plates) arranged thereon. The distribution linkage comprises two lateral booms, each of which has a plurality of distribution lines and dispensing elements for dispensing the material. In this case, the spreading material is conveyed along the distribution lines, which are arranged at least in sections on the distribution linkage, by means of an air volume flow in the direction of the dispensing elements. The spreading elements each have a baffle plate for spreading the grit to form a scattering fan of grit. Such a pneumatic fertilizer spreader is described, for example, in DE 10 2018 131 073 A1.

The distribution of the grit should in particular take place in such a way that, for example, there is a multiple (e.g. double) overlap of the grit on a surface section of the agricultural area, at least in sections. In the case of pneumatic fertilizer spreaders, however, it has hitherto been customary to arrange the baffle plates in a plane transverse to the direction of travel in such a way that the respective spread fans intersect transversely to the direction of travel. A resulting overlap of the grit on the agricultural area to be processed is not uniform, however.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved technique for pneumatic fertilizer spreaders, with which the disadvantages of conventional techniques can be avoided. It is in particular an object of the invention to provide a pneumatic fertilizer spreader with which an improved, in particular more uniform, overlapping of the spreading material on the agricultural area can be achieved.

This object is solved by a pneumatic fertilizer spreader with the features of the independent claim. Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims and the description.

According to a general aspect of the invention, a pneumatic fertilizer spreader is provided which, in a manner known per se, has a distribution linkage for spreading granular spreading material (material), such as fertilizer, seed and/or the like. The fertilizer spreader can thus be used not only for spreading fertilizer on an agricultural area, but also for other granular material. The distribution linkage comprises two lateral booms, each of which has a plurality of distribution lines (e.g. hose lines) and discharge elements for discharging the grit (material). In this case, the grit can be conveyed along the distribution lines, which are arranged at least in sections on the distribution linkage, by means of an air volume flow in the direction of the dispensing elements. The distribution linkage extends (in the working position) transversely to a direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader. The discharge elements each have an impact element, e.g. B. a baffle plate to form a spreading fan from grit. The dispensing elements can also be formed by such an impact element.

In this document, the terms "adjacent impact elements", "scattering fan", "scattering plane" and "scattering direction" are used, which are briefly explained below.

Adjacent impact elements are understood to mean impact elements which are arranged next to one another/following one another in the direction of longitudinal extent of the distribution linkage. The scattering pattern of an impact element can be described by a scattering profile and by a scattering direction or a scattering plane. The scattering profile is usually also referred to as a scattering fan, due to the fan-shaped widening of the scattering profile starting from the impact element or the scattering material bouncing off the impact element. Accordingly, the term "spread fan" is used here to describe the spread profile of the granular spreading material generated by a baffle element, in particular a baffle plate, in a fertilizer spreader. The spread fan is a 3-dimensional spread fan. The three-dimensional expansion of the spread fan sets by the surface expansion of the spreading fan and the quantity of fertilizer contained in the spreading fan. The spreading plane of a spreading fan of an impact element is understood to mean the plane or contour of the surface expansion of the spreading fan generated by the impact element. The spreading direction can be the average spreading direction of the spreading material lying in the spreading plane Scatter fans are understood.

Within the scope of the invention, it was found that spreading fans of adjacent impact elements that have the same spreading plane lead to a high number of unwanted collisions occurring, in which grains of the spreading material from neighboring spreading fans collide with each other before they hit the agricultural area (due to oppositely directed speed components transverse to the direction of travel), are thereby distracted and change their target application direction and path. As a result, the spreading material overlaps unevenly on the agricultural area. This can advantageously be avoided according to the invention if (at least two) impact elements that are adjacent to one another each form adjacent scattering fans, which in sections overlapping impact areas of the spreading material, but have different spreading levels. In other words, the at least two adjacent impact elements therefore do not produce any scattering fans that lie in a common scattering plane.

According to a preferred aspect of the invention, the fertilizer spreader is characterized by at least two mutually adjacent impact elements for producing two adjacent spreading fans, which have overlapping impact areas of the spreading material in sections, but have different spreading planes.

This preferably applies to all adjacent impact elements and all adjacent spread fans. As a result, a more uniform, at least in sections, overlapping of the grit of adjacent impact elements can be achieved on an agricultural area.

According to a preferred aspect of the invention, at least two mutually adjacent impact elements are formed and/or arranged on the distribution linkage in such a way that those partial areas of their spreading fans that produce the partially overlapping impact areas—seen in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader—are located one behind the other.

In order to generate such scatter fans, for example, impact surfaces of adjacent impact elements can be designed in such a way that adjacent impact elements produce different scatter planes. Alternatively or additionally, this can be achieved by arranging the impact elements on the distribution linkage, e.g. B. by determining the inclination and / or rotational position in which the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements are attached to the distribution linkage. In order to generate impact areas that overlap in sections, the distance between the at least two adjacent impact elements—seen in the longitudinal direction of the distribution linkage—is less than or equal to a threshold value that just leads to an overlap of the impact areas on the agricultural area.

Such an arrangement of adjacent impact elements thus leads to the fact that the disruptive collisions of grit from these partial areas is prevented or at least reduced and, as a result, a more even overlapping of grit on the agricultural area is achieved. Such a formation of the spreading fan can be achieved expediently by a corresponding formation of the impact elements and/or by adapting their arrangement on the distribution linkage.

A first possibility of the realization according to the invention provides that, in order to form different scattering planes of the scattering fans of adjacent impact elements, the adjacent scattering planes are not parallel to one another and/or have different scattering directions. This ensures that the trajectories of the granular material from neighboring scatter fans, the are to be applied to a common overlapping area, do not cross them or cross them as little as possible, while at the same time requiring little space for the spreading fans in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader. Examples of this are explained below. This can be achieved in that the at least two impact elements that are adjacent to one another are designed differently and/or are arranged differently on the distribution linkage in such a way that those partial areas of their spread fans that generate the impact areas that overlap in sections—seen in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader—are located one behind the other.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the at least two impact elements that are adjacent to one another, or at least their impact surfaces, are aligned at different angles with respect to the direction of travel or with respect to a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel. As a result, the spreading planes of adjacent impact elements - as seen in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader - are one behind the other and do not "interfere" with one another. Nevertheless, overlapping impact areas of the spreading material on the agricultural area can be created with appropriate, appropriate spacing of adjacent impact elements with regard to the maximum width of the spread fan Correspondingly, the different spreading planes and/or spreading fans of two adjacent impact elements can each form different angles to a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel Baffle element have the same angle of inclination (pivot angle) in relation to the direction of travel or in relation to a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel.

In a further embodiment variant of this, a position and/or arrangement of adjacent end sections of distribution lines for supplying and delivering the grit to the at least two adjacent impact elements can be adapted to the differently inclined orientation of the impact elements or at least their impact surface, such that an angle of impact of the grit the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements (or their impact surface) is essentially the same. For example, the end sections can be aligned at different angles with respect to a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel, preferably corresponding to the different inclined orientation of the impact elements. Correspondingly, the advantageous shifting and/or pivoting of the scattering planes of adjacent impact elements is determined by the different relative inclination positions of adjacent impact elements (or at least their impact surface), which enables simplified adjustment.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the at least two impact elements that are adjacent to one another are designed to generate adjacent scattering fans with different scattering directions. In a further embodiment, one of the two adjacent spreading fans can be directed diagonally downwards in the direction of travel and the other diagonally downwards counter to the direction of travel. In this way, on the one hand, an advantageous offset and/or different pivoting of adjacent spreading fans to the linkage axis of the distribution linkage can be achieved in order to achieve a uniform application of grit in overlapping areas on the agricultural area.

Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that the different scattering direction is generated by a different feed and delivery of the grit onto the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements, e.g. B. in which adjacent supply lines differ in their arrangement relative to their associated impact element to generate different impact and rebound angles of the grit with respect to the impact element.

The above exemplary embodiments have in common that the scattering planes of the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements are not parallel to one another and/or have different scattering directions. This can be realized, for example, by a correspondingly different arrangement and/or different design of the impact elements of adjacent impact elements.

A further possibility of the implementation according to the invention provides for the formation of different scattering planes of the scattering fans of adjacent impact elements that the scattering planes of at least two adjacent impact elements are offset parallel to one another and/or form scattering planes which are parallel to one another and oblique to the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader and to the longitudinal direction of the distribution linkage, so that the scattering planes do not intersect.

The at least two impact elements adjacent to one another are preferably designed and/or arranged on the distribution linkage in such a way that they produce spread fans whose lateral edge regions are on different sides—seen in the direction of travel V—in relation to the distribution linkage. This embodiment offers the advantage that z. B. all impact elements can be made the same and / or aligned or arranged the same on the distribution linkage, as long as the generated scattering planes are offset parallel to each other.

Accordingly, in one embodiment, the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements, preferably all impact elements, can be aligned with one another along the direction of longitudinal extension of the distribution linkage and each at an angle to the direction of longitudinal extension and preferably parallel to one another. For example, a baffle surface, in particular a main baffle surface, of at least two adjacent baffle elements can have a twisting angle (angle * zero) to the longitudinal direction and/or to the linkage axis of the distribution linkage, i.e. the scattering planes and scattering fans of the baffle elements are also rotated at an angle to the linkage axis.

In a further embodiment, the alignment of the impact elements can be adjusted on the distribution linkage. This offers the advantage that the orientation can be adapted to different application scenarios. For example, the alignment of the impact elements depending on the properties of the distribution material, e.g. B. the thousand grain weight, or depending on the wind conditions.

For example, the orientation can be set manually, e.g. B. by a user who can manually adjust a pivoted position of the impact elements by means of a pivot joint. Alternatively or additionally, the alignment of the impact elements can be controlled automatically and/or by a motor by means of an actuator, e.g. B. a hydraulic cylinder, be adjustable. In this case, at least one actuator can be assigned as an actuating element to the impact elements, for example individually or in groups, which can be operated remotely by means of a controller.

In a further embodiment, the distribution linkage can be mounted in a height-adjustable manner on a carrier vehicle for adjusting its height relative to an agricultural area to be processed, in particular a crop, for example by means of a height-adjustable lifting frame which, for. B. is adjustable in height by a parallelogram linkage.

In an embodiment variant of this, a control device can be provided which is designed to control the actuators to change the alignment of the impact elements, the control device being designed to change the alignment of the impact elements depending on a height of the distribution rod assembly. As a result, the size of the overlapping areas of the material to be distributed on the agricultural area can advantageously be adjusted, which depends on the altitude and can also be influenced by the orientation of the impact elements.

In a further embodiment it is provided that at least one of the impact elements is designed as a boundary plate, in particular as a boundary plate to prevent the spreading material from being distributed in a tramline and/or beyond a field boundary. The limit plate can be designed as a baffle plate which has a lateral limiting device on one side, e.g. B. in the form of a baffle. The limiting device is designed to limit a lateral expansion of the spreading fan generated by the baffle plate, e.g. B. in which the rebounding from the baffle plate Distribution material flies against the guide plate and is then deflected forwards, inwards and/or downwards. The limiting device can be designed as a guide plate with a substantially U-shaped profile, the U-web of which extends approximately perpendicularly to the level of the baffle plate when it is mounted on the baffle plate. The U-web of the limiting device is connected at an approximately right angle on the one hand to a long U-leg on the upper side and on the other hand to a short U-leg on the lower side, with the U-legs in the assembled state being in the plane of the Baffle plates are arranged approximately parallel planes. In this way, it is reliably prevented that the distribution material particles bouncing off the delimitation device are reflected into the sections of adjacent distribution elements.

The limit plate can be arranged on the distribution linkage in areas of the distribution linkage which—seen in the direction of travel of the distributor machine—are arranged laterally adjacent to a lane provided for the running wheels of the fertilizer spreader. This arrangement makes it possible to prevent the spreading material from being distributed in a tramline. This arrangement makes it possible to prevent the spreading material from being distributed beyond field boundaries.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that a plurality of distribution lines with different lengths and/or different cross sections are arranged on the distribution linkage and/or these can preferably be charged with different air volume flows, with the delivery time varying depending on the cross sections, the lengths and the air volume flows. A possible embodiment of this can be designed as described in the published application DE 10 2018 131 073 A1.

In a further embodiment, the distribution linkage can have a carrier and a central part on which the two lateral booms are attached in a pivotable manner. The distribution linkage can have a large working width, which is significantly larger than a width of a carrier vehicle of the fertilizer spreader on which the distribution linkage is mounted. The working width can e.g. B. be a multiple of the width of the carrier vehicle. The working width of the distributor linkage, i. H. the width in working position or when fully unfolded, can be at least 15 meters, preferably at least 20 meters. The outriggers can be designed to fold in and out, so that they can be folded and folded in for transport.

The preferred embodiments and features of the invention described above can be combined with one another as desired. Further details and advantages of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it: Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pneumatic fertilizer spreader according to an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a boom of a pneumatic fertilizer spreader according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic partial front view of a boom with illustrated spreading fans according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4A is a highly schematic partial perspective view of a boom with illustrated spreading fans according to the first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 4B is a front view of the partial view of Figure 4A;

Figure 4C is a plan view of the partial view of Figure 4A;

Fig. 5 is a sectional side view of a boom according to the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged representation of section C of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7A is a highly schematic perspective view of a boom with illustrated spreading fans according to a second embodiment of the invention;

Figure 7B is a front view of the view of Figure 7A; and

Figure 7C is a plan view of Figure 7A.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are partially denoted by the same reference symbols in the figures and partially not separately described. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, not all of the same components are always provided with reference numbers, so that in some cases only some of the discharge elements 5 or the baffle plates 6 and only some of the distribution lines 4 are provided with reference numbers.

Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a pneumatic fertilizer spreader 1 for spreading granular agricultural grit according to an embodiment of the invention. The direction of travel is marked with the arrow V. The fertilizer spreader 1 is in particular a fertilizer spreader, by means of which grainy or granular agricultural spreading materials or distribution materials, such as fertilizer or microgranules, but also seeds can be deployed. For example, the fertilizer spreader 1 is designed as a towed fertilizer spreader, ie designed as an agricultural fertilizer spreader 1 that can be coupled or towed by means of a towing vehicle. At the front end of the fertilizer spreader this has a connecting device such. B. a towing eye on. However, the fertilizer spreader 10 could also be a self-propelled fertilizer spreader 1 and/or a fertilizer spreader 1 that can be attached or is attached to a towing vehicle.

The fertilizer spreader has a distribution linkage 2 mounted directly or indirectly on a carrier vehicle 13 for spreading granular spreading material.

The carrier vehicle comprises a frame construction, a chassis comprising four running wheels, and a storage container 17 for carrying along and/or providing the grit. The storage container 17 can have one or more chambers depending on the number of different spreading materials.

The distribution linkage 2 comprises two lateral booms 3 which are pivotally attached at their inner end to a central part 16 and have an outer free end. The distribution linkage 2 can, for example, have working widths of more than 20 meters. The distribution linkage 2 or the booms 3 can be formed at least in sections by a framework-like linkage structure or by a framework construction. In addition, the rod structure or the framework construction has a greater height than depth.

A plurality of distribution lines 4 and spreading elements 5 for spreading the grit are attached to each of the booms 3 . This can be seen better in FIG. 2, which shows a schematic perspective view of a cantilever 3. FIG.

Here, the spreading material is conveyed in the spreading operation along the distribution lines 4, which are arranged at least in sections on the distribution linkage 2, by means of an air volume flow in the direction of the dispensing elements 5. The spreading elements 5 each have a baffle element 6 in the form of a baffle plate for spreading the spreading material. The grit bouncing off the deflector plates 6 forms what is known as a scattering fan of grit during the scattering operation. The direction of longitudinal extension or the linkage axis of the distribution linkage 2 is marked here with the arrow L.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic partial front view of a boom 3 with illustrated spreading fans 7 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The grit bouncing off the baffle plates 6 forms an associated spreading fan 7a, 7b for each baffle plate. The intersection of a spreading fan 7a, 7b with the bottom surface forms the impact area 10 of the granular spreading material. As can be seen in FIG. 3, scattering fans 7a, 7b of adjacent impact elements 6 intersect in partial areas 8. Because of the overlapping of scattering fans 7a, 7b, overlapping impact areas 10a form on the agricultural area. An overlapping impact area 10a is characterized in that material to be spread from both the spread fan 7a and the spread fan 7b strikes this area.

In the present case, mutually adjacent impact plates 6 of the fertilizer spreader produce mutually adjacent spreading fans 7a, 7b, which on the one hand have overlapping impact areas 10a of the spreading material in sections, but have different spreading planes 9. In this case, mutually adjacent baffle plates 6 are designed differently and/or arranged differently on the distribution linkage 2 in such a way that those partial areas 8 of their spread fans 7 that produce the partially overlapping impact areas 10a—seen in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader—are one behind the other.

This can be clearly seen in FIG. 4A, which shows a highly schematic, perspective partial view of a boom 2 with illustrated spreading fans 7a, 7b according to the first embodiment of the invention. Reference is also made to Figures 4B and 4C, which show a front view and a plan view, respectively, of the partial view of Figure 4A.

As can be seen in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the scattering fans lie in a common scattering plane for only every second baffle plate. All scattering fans 7a lie in a common scattering plane (which is spanned, for example, by three points of a scattering fan 7a), whose line of intersection with the bottom surface is shown in FIG. 4C by the dotted line 9a. All scattering fans 7b lie in a common but different scattering plane, the line of intersection of which with the bottom surface is represented by the dotted line 9b in FIG. 4C. Thus, the spreading fans 7a, 7b and spreading planes 9a, 9b of adjacent baffle plates 6 do not intersect and those partial areas 8 of their spreading fans 7a, 7b, which produce the impact areas 10a that overlap in sections, are - seen in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader - one behind the other, which is good in the Figures 4A and 4C can be seen. Correspondingly, in this first embodiment, baffle plates 6 that are adjacent to one another produce scattering fans 7a, 7b with different scattering directions 12a, 12b. The different scattering directions 12a, 12b are illustrated in FIG. 4A. One of the two adjacent scatter fans, here the scatter fan 7a is directed obliquely downwards in the direction of travel, while the other scatter fan 7b obliquely downwards against the Direction V is directed. As a result, the distribution material can be spread evenly in the overlapping areas 10a.

FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a possible structural design in order to produce the different spreading fans 7a, 7b or spreading planes 9a, 9b of adjacent deflector plates 6 according to the first embodiment.

Figure 5 is a sectional side view of a boom according to the first embodiment of the invention; FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of section C of FIG. 5. The arrangement of the distribution lines 4 in two levels can be clearly seen from the sectional view.

In order to generate spreading fans that are inclined differently in relation to a plane that is perpendicular to the direction of travel V, the at least two mutually adjacent deflector plates 6 are perpendicular to the direction of travel in relation to the direction of travel V or in relation to such a plane (identified by the dashed lines in Figure 6) aligned at different angles. The different angles of inclination are denoted by a1 and a2 in FIG. At the same time, the position and arrangement of adjacent end sections 4a of distribution lines 4 for supplying and delivering the grit to the at least two adjacent baffle plates 6 is adapted to the differently inclined orientation of the baffle plates 6, such that an angle of impact of the grit on the at least two adjacent baffle elements 6 is essentially the same.

As can be seen in Figure 6, for this purpose the end sections are aligned at different angles with respect to 4a on a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel, corresponding to the different inclined alignment of the impact elements 6. Correspondingly, due to the different inclination or pivoting position of adjacent impact plates 6, adjacent spread fans 7a, 7b generated, which are aligned at different angles with respect to the direction of travel or with respect to a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel. Merely by way of example, one of the two adjacent spreading fans 7a is directed obliquely downwards in the direction of travel and the other 7b is directed obliquely downwards and slightly counter to the direction of travel V.

According to a second embodiment, a different approach is chosen, so that mutually adjacent impact elements produce scattering fans, which on the one hand produce overlapping impact areas of the scattering material in sections, and also have different scattering planes. The baffle plates are arranged on the distribution rods in such a way that the spread fans and spreading planes that are generated are offset parallel to one another. Spreading planes are formed which are parallel to one another and oblique to the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader and to the longitudinal direction of extension of the distribution linkage. As a result, the scattering planes do not intersect. This embodiment offers the advantage that z. B. all impact elements can be made the same and / or aligned or arranged the same on the distribution linkage, as long as the generated scattering planes are offset parallel to each other.

FIG. 7A shows a highly schematic perspective view of a boom 3 with illustrated spreading fans 7c according to this second embodiment of the invention. Figure 7B shows a front view of the view of Figure 7A. Figure 7C shows a top view of the view of Figure 7A.

In order to generate the spreading fans 7c or spreading planes 9c, which are parallel to one another and at an angle to the direction of travel V of the fertilizer spreader 1 and to the direction of longitudinal extension L of the distribution linkage 2, the impact elements 6 are arranged in alignment with one another along the direction of longitudinal extension L of the distribution linkage 2 and are each arranged at an angle aligned to the direction of longitudinal extent L and parallel to one another. The scattering planes 9c offset parallel to one another are illustrated in FIG. 7C by their line of intersection with the bottom surface. The spreading fans 7c are thus distinguished by the fact that their lateral edge regions are on different sides--seen in the direction of travel V--in relation to the distribution linkage 2 or the boom 3.

Correspondingly, in this second embodiment, the impact elements can also be arranged on the distribution linkage 2 or on the boom 3 in such a way that those partial areas of their spread fans 7 that produce the impact areas 10a that overlap in sections - viewed in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader - are located one behind the other, as shown in Figure 7C is clearly recognizable.

Here, an impact surface, in particular a main impact surface, of the impact elements 6 has a twisting angle a3 (angle * zero) to the longitudinal direction L and/or to the linkage axis of the distribution linkage 2 . Correspondingly, the scattering planes 9c of the impact elements 6 are also rotated at an angle to the linkage axis. Impact plates 6 can have a central main impact surface and lateral secondary impact surfaces which are bent relative to this

Further aspects of possible exemplary embodiments are described below.

The orientation of the baffle plate can be adjusted either manually or automatically or by a motor by means of an actuator, e.g. B. a hydraulic cylinder, be adjustable. The distribution linkage 2 can be mounted on the carrier vehicle 13 so that it can be adjusted in height in relation to an agricultural area to be processed, in particular a stand of plants. Optionally, a control device 14 can also be provided (only schematically sketched in Figure 1), which is designed to control these actuators for aligning the impact plates 6 in order to change the alignment of the impact plates, wherein the control direction 14 is designed to align the impact elements 6 as a function to change an altitude of the distribution linkage 2. For this purpose, the control device can have a signal connection on the input side with a sensor that detects a vertical position of the distribution rod assembly 2 . Such controlling can also include regulating.

Other aspects and features of the fertilizer spreader that are known per se are briefly described below.

As already mentioned above, the distribution linkage 2 is optionally height-adjustable on the carrier vehicle, e.g. B. on a carrier 15, so as to be able to control and/or regulate an altitude of the distribution linkage 2 relative to a ground surface or a crop. The height can be adjusted by means of a parallelogram arranged between the frame structure of the carrier vehicle 13 and the carrier 15 and at least one actuator assigned to the parallelogram, the actuator being a hydraulically or pneumatically operated linear drive, in particular a cylinder.

In order to maintain a maximum permissible transport width, the side booms 3 can be attached to the central part so that they can pivot about upright and/or about horizontal axes. The cantilevers 3 can also be composed of two or more segments, which segments can in turn be pivotable relative to one another about upright and/or horizontal axes.

A distribution unit 18 is also provided on the distribution linkage 2 , by means of which the grit can be dosed in a desired quantity into the distribution lines 4 attached to the distribution linkage 2 . The distribution lines 4 each extend from the distribution unit 4 in different lengths along the distribution linkage. A first group of distribution lines 4 runs in a first level and a second group of distribution lines 4 in a second level offset parallel to the first level in the direction of travel, which can be seen clearly in the sectional view of FIG. In order to generate the air volume flow for conveying the grit along the distribution lines 4, the distribution lines 4 are connected by means of at least one flow generation device (not shown), which has one or more fans. Other well-known components of a conveyor system for the granular spreading material, such as dosing units, screw conveyors, conveyor belts, etc. can be designed in a manner known per se, for example as described in DE 10 2018 131 073 A1, and are therefore not described in more detail here.

The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible, which also make use of the idea of the invention and therefore fall within the scope of protection. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject matter and the features of the subclaims independently of the claims referred to.

Reference List

1 pneumatic fertilizer spreader

2 distribution rods

3 outriggers

4 distribution line

4a end section distribution line

5 delivery element

6 impact element, e.g. B. Flapper

7a, 7b, 7c spread fans

8 sub-area spreading compartments

9a, 9b, 9c scattering plane

10 impact area

10a Overlap area

12a, 12b scattering direction

13 carrier vehicle

14 control device

15 carriers

16 middle part

17 reservoirs

18 distribution unit a1, a2 angle of inclination a3 twisting angle

V direction of travel

L Longitudinal direction of distribution linkage

Claims

Expectations

1. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1), having a distribution linkage (2) for discharging granular grit, comprising two lateral booms (3), each having a plurality of distribution lines (4) and discharging elements (5) for discharging the grit, wherein the Spreading material can be conveyed along the distribution lines (4), which are arranged at least in sections on the distribution linkage (2), by means of an air volume flow in the direction of the spreading elements (5), the spreading elements (5) each having an impact element (6) for spreading the spreading material a spreading fan (7) made of spreading material, characterized by at least two adjacent impact elements (6) for generating two adjacent spreading fans (7a, 7b; 7c), which have overlapping impact areas (10a) of the spreading material and different spreading planes (9a, 9b; 9c ) exhibit.

2. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements (6) are designed and/or arranged on the distribution linkage (2) in such a way that those partial areas (8) of their spread fans (7a, 7b; 7c) That generate the sections of overlapping impingement areas (10a) - seen in the direction of travel of the fertilizer spreader - are one behind the other.

3. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements (6) are aligned at different angles with respect to the direction of travel or with respect to a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel.

4. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 3, wherein a position and/or arrangement of adjacent end sections (4a) of distribution lines (4) for supplying and delivering the spreading material to the at least two adjacent impact elements (6) on the differently inclined orientation of the impact elements (6) is adapted in such a way that an angle of incidence of the grit on the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements (6) is essentially the same.

5. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements (6) are designed to produce adjacent spreading fans (7a, 7b) with different spreading directions (12a, 12b).

6. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the two adjacent spreading fans (7a) is directed obliquely downwards in the direction of travel and the other (7b) obliquely downwards counter to the direction of travel (V).

7. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 1, wherein the two adjacent spreading fans (7c) are offset parallel to one another and/or form spreading planes (9c) which are parallel to one another and oblique to the direction of travel (V) of the fertilizer spreader (1) and to the direction of longitudinal extension ( L) of the distribution linkage (2).

8. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the at least two mutually adjacent impact elements (6), preferably all impact elements (6), are aligned with one another along the longitudinal direction (L) of the distribution linkage (2) and each at an angle to the longitudinal direction and are preferably aligned parallel to one another.

9. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the impact elements (6) are adjustable in their orientation on the distribution linkage (2) are supported.

10. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 9, wherein the orientation is manually adjustable.

11. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 9, wherein the orientation of the impact elements (6) is motorized by means of an actuator, for. B. a hydraulic cylinder is adjustable.

12. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1), wherein the distribution linkage (2) is mounted on a carrier vehicle (13) so that it can be adjusted in height in relation to an agricultural area to be processed, in particular a stand of plants, in order to adjust its height.

13. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claims 11 and 12, further comprising a

Control device (14) which is designed to control the actuators to change the alignment of the impact elements (6), the control device (14) being designed to change the alignment of the impact elements (6) depending on a height of the distribution linkage (2). 18

14. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of distribution lines (4) with different lengths and/or different cross sections are arranged on the distribution linkage (2) and/or these can preferably be charged with different air volume flows, the delivery time varies depending on the cross sections, the lengths and the air flow rates.

15. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the impact elements is designed as a limit plate, in particular as a limit plate to prevent the spreading material from being distributed in a tramline and/or beyond a field boundary, with the limit plate preferably being a Baffle plate is executed, which has a lateral limiting device on one side, z. B. in the form of a baffle, which is designed to limit a lateral expansion of the spread fan generated by the baffle plate.

16. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader according to claim 15, wherein the at least one limit plate is arranged on an outer end area of the distribution linkage or is arranged in an area of the distribution linkage which—seen in the direction of travel of the distributor machine—is arranged laterally adjacent to a lane provided for the running wheels of the fertilizer spreader is.

17. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1), wherein the distribution linkage (2) has a support (15) and a central part (16) on which the two lateral arms are pivotally mounted.