WO2023071840A1 - 开关装置的操作机构及开关装置 - Google Patents

开关装置的操作机构及开关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023071840A1
WO2023071840A1 PCT/CN2022/125590 CN2022125590W WO2023071840A1 WO 2023071840 A1 WO2023071840 A1 WO 2023071840A1 CN 2022125590 W CN2022125590 W CN 2022125590W WO 2023071840 A1 WO2023071840 A1 WO 2023071840A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cam
shaft
transmission shaft
operating
matching
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/125590
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐大胜
雷鸿健
秦治斌
Original Assignee
上海正泰智能科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海正泰智能科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海正泰智能科技有限公司
Priority to EP22885718.1A priority Critical patent/EP4318518A1/en
Priority to KR1020237036458A priority patent/KR20240113705A/ko
Priority to JP2023566415A priority patent/JP2024537949A/ja
Publication of WO2023071840A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071840A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/38—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using spring or other flexible shaft coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/46—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical, in particular to an operating mechanism of a switchgear and a switchgear comprising the operating mechanism.
  • an isolating switch In the low-voltage power distribution system, an isolating switch is often used to realize the connection and disconnection of the circuit.
  • the operating mechanism In the isolating switch, the operating mechanism is an important part. The operator drives the operating mechanism manually or electrically to make the contact system of the isolating switch on and off.
  • the operating mechanism of the existing isolating switch mostly has the following problems:
  • the opening and closing operation speed is not enough, which may easily cause welding between the moving and static contacts;
  • the structure is complex and the operation force is large.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide an operating mechanism of a switchgear, which has a simple structure and fast opening and closing operation speed; the present invention also provides a switchgear comprising the operating mechanism, whose opening and closing The gate speed is fast and the current carrying capacity is good.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • An operating mechanism of a switchgear which includes a transmission shaft, a cam, an operating shaft and an energy storage spring, the transmission shaft, the cam and the operating shaft are arranged to rotate respectively, and the operating shaft cooperates with the cam to drive it to rotate; the rotation of the cam makes the storage
  • the energy storage spring stores energy.
  • the energy storage spring stores energy to the maximum value.
  • the energy storage spring releases energy to drive the cam to rotate;
  • the transmission shaft cooperates with the cam drive and is used to
  • the moving contact structure of the switch device outputs the driving force; there is a rotation margin between the cam and the transmission shaft, so that the transmission shaft remains stationary during the rotation of the cam to the dead point position; after the cam rotates to the dead point position, After continuing to rotate through the first angle ⁇ 1, contact with the transmission shaft to drive its rotation, and the first angle ⁇ 1>0°.
  • the first angle ⁇ 1 is 2° ⁇ 20°.
  • the first angle ⁇ 1 is 2° ⁇ 10°.
  • the cam and the transmission shaft are matched through at least one set of first transmission structures; each set of first transmission structures includes a first matching portion and a second matching portion, and the first matching portion includes first cards arranged at intervals. block and the second block, the second matching part is arranged between the first block and the second block and cooperates with the first block and the second block respectively; the first cooperation of each group of the first transmission structure Part and the second matching part, one is arranged on the cam, and the other is arranged on the transmission shaft.
  • the first matching part is arranged on the cam, the first stop is the first cam surface, and the second stop is the second cam surface; the second matching part is arranged on the transmission shaft, which is the transmission shaft Boss.
  • the rotation axes of the cam and the transmission shaft coincide;
  • the cam includes a cam driving end arranged at one axial end thereof, and a first matching part is provided at both radial ends of the cam driving end, and two first matching parts
  • a camshaft stand coaxial with the cam is arranged between the parts, and a first camshaft hole is arranged in the middle of the camshaft stand;
  • the transmission shaft includes a transmission shaft matching end arranged at one axial end thereof, and the radial direction of the transmission shaft matching end Both ends are respectively provided with a second matching part, and the middle part of the matching end of the transmission shaft is provided with a transmission shaft matching hole coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft, and the middle part of the transmission shaft matching hole is provided with a transmission shaft column coaxially arranged therewith;
  • the camshaft The table is rotatably inserted in the transmission shaft matching hole, the transmission shaft column is rotatably inserted in the first camshaft hole, and the two first matching parts are respectively matched with the two
  • a first free travel is provided between the operating shaft and the cam; the operating shaft drives the cam to rotate to a dead point position, and the cam travels through the first free travel relative to the operating shaft after turning past the dead point.
  • the operating shaft and the cam are driven and matched through a second transmission structure;
  • the second transmission structure includes a third matching portion and a fourth matching portion
  • the third matching portion includes a third locking block and a fourth locking block arranged at a distance from each other.
  • the fourth matching part is arranged between the third blocking and the fourth blocking and cooperates with the third blocking and the fourth blocking respectively; among the third matching part and the fourth matching part, one is arranged on on the operating shaft and the other on the cam.
  • the third matching part is arranged on the cam, the third blocking is the third cam surface, and the fourth blocking is the fourth cam surface; the fourth matching part is arranged on the operating shaft and is driven by the operating shaft. department.
  • the operating shaft and the rotation axis of the cam are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the operating shaft includes a main rod of the operating shaft, and the driving part of the operating shaft is arranged on the main rod of the operating shaft and deviates toward the cam.
  • both axial ends of the cam are drivingly matched with the operating shaft and the transmission shaft respectively.
  • the operating mechanism includes two energy storage springs, and the two energy storage springs are symmetrically arranged about the rotation axis of the cam.
  • the operating mechanism further includes a mechanism housing, the mechanism housing includes a relatively matched housing base and a housing base, the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the housing base, and the cam is rotatably provided on the housing base and the transmission shaft Between, the operating shaft is rotatably arranged on the housing base, one end of the energy storage spring is rotatably arranged on the housing base, and the other end is matched with the cam.
  • a switch device includes the operating mechanism.
  • the operating shaft is arranged parallel to and spaced from the rotation axis of the cam, which is beneficial to reduce the operating force for operating the operating shaft.
  • the switchgear of the present invention includes the operating mechanism, and the operating mechanism increases the opening and closing speed of the switchgear and improves the current carrying capacity of the switchgear.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosive structure of the operating mechanism of the switchgear of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of operating shaft of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of cam of the present invention, has shown the 3rd cam face and the 4th cam face;
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a cam of the present invention, showing a first cam surface and a second cam surface;
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation of transmission shaft of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the switchgear of the present invention, which is in the opening state;
  • Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the switch device of the present invention, the cam of which is at the dead point;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the cam and the transmission shaft of the present invention.
  • the cam is at the dead point, and the cam needs to continue to rotate to the first direction D1 through the first angle ⁇ 1 before it can contact and cooperate with the transmission shaft;
  • Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the switch device of the present invention, which is in the closing state
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the cam and the transmission shaft of the present invention.
  • the cam is at the dead point, and the cam needs to continue to rotate to the second direction D2 through the first angle ⁇ 1 to contact and cooperate with the transmission shaft.
  • the switch device of the present invention is preferably an isolating switch, which includes an operating mechanism and a contact system.
  • the contact system includes a moving contact structure and a static contact structure used in conjunction.
  • the operating mechanism is connected to the moving contact structure to drive the contact.
  • the head system is closed or opened, that is, the isolating switch is driven to close or open.
  • the operating mechanism includes a transmission shaft 2, a cam 3, an operating shaft 4 and an energy storage spring 5, a transmission shaft 2, and a cam 3 and the operating shaft 4 are rotated separately, the operating shaft 4 is driven and matched with the cam 3 to drive its rotation, and the energy storage spring 5 cooperates with the cam 3; the rotation of the cam 3 makes the energy storage spring 5 store energy, and the cam 3 rotates to the dead point position When the energy storage spring 5 is stored to the maximum value, the energy storage spring 5 releases energy to drive the cam 3 after the cam 3 has passed the dead point position;
  • the head structure outputs the driving force to make the switching device close or open; there is a rotation margin between the cam 3 and the transmission shaft 2, so that the transmission shaft 2 remains stationary during the rotation of the cam 3 to the dead point position; After the cam 3 rotates to the dead point, it continues to rotate through the first angle ⁇ 1 and then contacts the drive shaft 2 to drive its rotation, the first angle ⁇ 1>0
  • the cam rotates past the point position, it needs to continue to rotate through the first angle ⁇ 1 and then contact the transmission shaft to drive its rotation, which can effectively speed up the rotation speed of the cam at the initial stage of energy storage spring release, thereby improving
  • the rotating speed of the transmission shaft is beneficial to increase the opening and closing speed of the switchgear and the current carrying capacity of the switchgear.
  • the first angle ⁇ 1 is 2° ⁇ 20°. Further, the first angle ⁇ 1 is 2°-10°.
  • the cam 3 and the transmission shaft 2 are matched through at least one set of first transmission structures; each set of first transmission structures includes a first matching portion and a second matching portion, and the first matching
  • the part includes a first block and a second block arranged at a distance from each other, and the second matching part is arranged between the first block and the second block and cooperates with the first block and the second block respectively;
  • One of the first fitting part and the second fitting part of the first transmission structure is arranged on the cam 3 and the other is arranged on the transmission shaft 2 .
  • the first mating part is arranged on the cam 3
  • the first stopper is the first cam surface 3-20
  • the second stopper is the second cam surface 3-21; as shown in FIG. 5
  • the second matching part is arranged on the transmission shaft 2 and is a transmission shaft boss 2-20.
  • the rotation axes of the cam 3 and the transmission shaft 2 coincide; as shown in FIG. Each end is provided with a first matching portion; as shown in Figure 5, the transmission shaft 2 includes a transmission shaft matching end 2-2 arranged at one axial end thereof, and the radial two ends of the transmission shaft matching end 2-2 are respectively A second matching part is provided; the driving end of the cam is arranged opposite to the matching end 2-2 of the transmission shaft, and the two first matching parts and the two second matching parts are drivingly matched respectively.
  • a camshaft stand 3-5 coaxially arranged with the cam 3 is provided between the two first matching parts, and a first camshaft hole 3 is provided in the middle of the camshaft stand 3-5.
  • the middle part of the transmission shaft matching end 2-2 is provided with a transmission shaft matching hole 2-21 coaxial with the transmission shaft 2, and the middle part of the transmission shaft matching hole 2-21 is provided with a coaxial
  • the set transmission shaft column 2-3; the camshaft stand 3-5 is rotatably inserted in the transmission shaft matching hole 2-21, and the transmission shaft column 2-3 is rotatably inserted in the first camshaft hole 3-50.
  • the cam 3 includes two fan-shaped bosses arranged on the cam driving end, and the two fan-shaped bosses are respectively arranged at the radial ends of the cam driving end, each fan-shaped boss One end face of the stage is a first cam face 3-20, and the other end face is a second cam face 3-21.
  • the first matching part is arranged on the transmission shaft 2
  • the second matching part is arranged on the cam 3 .
  • the operating shaft 4 and the cam 3 are driven and matched through the second transmission structure;
  • the second transmission structure includes a third matching part and a fourth matching part, and the third matching part
  • the part includes a third stopper and a fourth stopper arranged at a distance from each other, and the fourth matching part is arranged between the third stopper and the fourth stopper and cooperates with the third stopper and the fourth stopper respectively;
  • the three fitting parts and the fourth fitting part one is arranged on the operating shaft 4 , and the other is arranged on the cam 3 . Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the third matching part is arranged on the cam 3, the third stopper is the third cam surface 3-30, and the fourth stopper is the fourth cam surface 3-31; as shown in FIG. 1 - As shown in -2, 6-7, and 9, the fourth matching part is arranged on the operating shaft 4 and is the operating shaft driving part 4-2. Further, as shown in Figure 2, the operating shaft 4 and the rotation axis of the cam 3 are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the operating shaft 4 includes an operating shaft main rod 4-0, and the operating shaft driving part 4-2 is arranged The rod 4-0 is offset toward the cam 3, which is beneficial to reduce the operating force of the operating shaft 4.
  • the cam 3 includes a cam driven end arranged at one axial end thereof, and the cam driven end and the cam driving end are located at the axial ends of the cam 3 respectively; the cam driven end A V-shaped groove is provided, and the third cam surface 3-30 and the fourth cam surface 3-31 are a pair of side walls of the V-shaped groove.
  • one axial end of the operating shaft main rod 4-0 is provided with an operating shaft connecting portion 4-1, and the operating shaft driving portion 4-2 is a roller arranged on the operating shaft connecting portion 4-1. It is beneficial to reduce the frictional force between the operating shaft driving part 4-2 and the cam 3, and improve the fluency of the movement.
  • the third matching portion is arranged on the operating shaft 4
  • the fourth matching portion is arranged on the cam 3 .
  • the operating mechanism includes two energy storage springs 5 , and the two energy storage springs 5 are symmetrically arranged about the rotation axis of the cam 3 . Further, as shown in Figures 1 and 6-9, one end of the two energy storage springs 5 respectively cooperates with the radial ends of the cam 3, and the other ends of the two energy storage springs 5 are respectively rotated and arranged on the sides of the operating mechanism. on the mechanism housing.
  • the radial ends of the cam 3 are each provided with a cam matching groove 3-4; as shown in Figure 1, the energy storage spring 5 is a compression spring, and each storage spring One end of the energy spring 5 is provided with a spring limiter that is limitedly matched with the cam matching groove 3-4.
  • the two ends of the energy storage spring 5 and the axis of rotation of the cam 3 are on the same straight line superior.
  • the active force of the energy storage spring 5 on the cam 3 drives the cam to rotate to one side
  • the energy storage spring 5 turns the cam to the other side.
  • the active force of 3 drives the cam to rotate to the other side.
  • the energy storage spring 5 can also be a torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring cooperates with the cam 3, and the other end is rotated and arranged on the mechanism housing; when the cam 3 is at the dead point, the energy storage spring 5 The force on the cam 3 and the axis of rotation of the cam 3 are on the same straight line.
  • the operating mechanism is in an open state; as shown in Figure 7, when the operating mechanism is closed, the operating shaft 4 rotates to drive the cam 3 to the first direction D1 through the operating shaft driving part 4-2 (As shown in Figure 7, the first direction D1 is preferably counterclockwise) rotation, the energy storage spring 5 stores energy along with the rotation of the cam 3; as shown in Figure 7-8, the cam 3 is relatively When the shaft 2 has rotated through the rotation margin and rotated to the dead point position, the energy storage spring 5 has stored energy to the maximum value and its geometric axis is on the same line as the rotation axis of the cam 3. At this time, the cam 3 is not in contact with the transmission shaft 2.
  • the operating mechanism is in the closed state; as shown in Figure 10, when the operating mechanism is opened, the operating shaft 4 rotates to drive the cam 3 to the second direction D2 through the operating shaft drive part 4-2 (as shown in Figure 10, the second direction D2 is preferably clockwise) rotation, the second direction D2 is opposite to the first direction D1, and the energy storage spring 5 stores energy along with the rotation of the cam 3; as shown in Figure 10
  • the cam 3 rotates through the rotation margin relative to the transmission shaft 2 and rotates to the dead point position
  • the energy storage spring 5 stores energy to the maximum value, and the cam 3 and the transmission shaft 2 have not yet contacted; combined with FIG. 10, the The cam 3 continues to rotate from the dead point position to the second direction D2 through the first angle ⁇ 1 and then contacts the transmission shaft 2 to drive the transmission shaft 2 to rotate.
  • the transmission shaft 2 drives the switch device to switch to the opening state shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the operating mechanism also includes a mechanism housing.
  • the mechanism housing includes a relatively matched housing base 1 and a housing base 6.
  • the transmission shaft 2 is rotatably arranged on the housing base 1.
  • the cam 3 is rotated and arranged between the housing base 6 and the transmission shaft 2
  • the operating shaft 4 rotating lever is arranged on the housing base 6
  • one end of the energy storage spring 5 is rotated and arranged on the housing base 1, and the other end is connected to the housing base 1.
  • Cam 13 cooperates.
  • the transmission shaft 2 includes a transmission shaft output end 2-0, a transmission shaft limiter 2-1 and a transmission shaft matching end 2-2 connected in sequence, and the transmission shaft output end 2-0 Rotate the base drive shaft hole provided on the housing base 1 to output the driving force to the moving contact structure of the switchgear, and the transmission shaft limiter 2-1 cooperates with the housing base 1 to prevent the transmission shaft 2 from moving from the base transmission shaft.
  • the mechanism base 6 is provided with a base operating shaft hole, and the operating shaft main rod 4-1 of the operating shaft 4 is rotated and inserted in the base operating shaft hole; as shown in Figure 3
  • the cam driven end of the cam 3 is provided with a camshaft column 3-1
  • the middle part of the camshaft column 3-1 is provided with a second camshaft hole 3-10
  • the cam 3 passes through the second camshaft hole 3-10
  • the mechanism base 6 is provided with a base shaft that is rotated and inserted into the second camshaft hole 3-10, or the mechanism base 6 is provided with the second cam
  • the shaft hole 3-10 corresponds to the shaft hole of the base, and the two ends of a cam shaft are respectively inserted in the second cam shaft hole 3-10 and the shaft hole of the base.
  • the switchgear of the present invention includes the operating mechanism.
  • the operating mechanism improves the opening and closing speed of the switchgear and improves the current carrying capacity of the switchgear.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及低压电气领域，具体涉及一种开关装置的操作机构，其传动轴、凸轮和操作轴分别转动设置，操作轴与凸轮驱动配合以驱动其转动；所述凸轮转动使储能弹簧储能，凸轮转动至死点位置时储能弹簧储能至最大值，凸轮转过死点位置后储能弹簧释能以驱动凸轮转动；所述传动轴与凸轮驱动配合且用于向开关装置的动触头结构输出驱动力；所述凸轮和传动轴之间设有转动余量，使凸轮向死点位置转动过程中，传动轴保持静止；所述凸轮转动至死点位置后，继续转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴接触以驱动其转动，第一角度φ1＞0°；所述操作机构结构简单、分合闸操作速度快。本发明还涉及一种包括所述操作机构的开关装置，其分合闸速度快、载流能力好。

Description

开关装置的操作机构及开关装置 技术领域
本发明涉及低压电气领域，具体涉及一种开关装置的操作机构以及一种包括所述操作机构的开关装置。
背景技术
低压配电系统中，常采用隔离开关实现电路的接通和断开。在隔离开关中，操作机构是一个重要的组成部分，操作者通过手动或电动驱动操作机构运动，使隔离开关的触头系统接通与断开。
现有隔离开关的操作机构多存在以下问题：
1、分合闸操作速度不够，易造成动静触头之间的熔焊；
2、结构复杂、操作力大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种开关装置的操作机构，其结构简单、分合闸操作速度快；本发明还提供一种包括所述操作机构的开关装置，其分合闸速度快、载流能力好。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种开关装置的操作机构，其包括传动轴、凸轮、操作轴和储能弹簧，传动轴、凸轮和操作轴分别转动设置，操作轴与凸轮驱动配合以驱动其转动；所述凸轮转动使储能弹簧储能，凸轮转动至死点位置时储能弹簧储能至最大值，凸轮转过死点位置后储能弹簧释能以驱动凸轮转动；所述传动轴与凸轮驱动配合且用于向开关装置的动触头结构输出驱动力；所述凸轮和传动轴之间设有转动余量，使凸轮向死点位置转动过程中，传动轴保持静止；所述凸轮转动至死点位置后，继续转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴接触以驱动其转动，第一角度φ1＞0°。
优选的，所述第一角度φ1为2°～20°。
优选的，所述第一角度φ1为2°～10°。
优选的，所述凸轮和传动轴通过至少一组第一传动结构配合；每组所述第一传动结构包括第一配合部和第二配合部，第一配合部包括相对间隔设置的第一卡挡和第二卡挡，第二配合部设置在第一卡挡和第二卡挡之间且分别与第一卡挡和第二卡挡配合；每组所述第一传动结构的第一配合部和第二配合部，一个设置在凸轮上，另一个设置在传动轴上。
优选的，所述第一配合部设置在凸轮上，第一卡挡为第一凸轮面，第二卡当个为第二凸轮面；所述第二配合部设置在传动轴上，为传动轴凸台。
优选的，所述凸轮和传动轴的转动轴线重合；所述凸轮包括设置在其轴向一端的凸轮驱动端，凸轮驱动端的径向两端各设有一个第一配合部，两个第一配合部之间设有与凸轮同轴设置的凸轮轴台，凸轮轴台中部设有第一凸轮轴孔；所述传动轴包括设置在其轴向一端的传动轴配合端，传动轴配合端的径向两端各设有一个第二配合部，传动轴配合端中部设有与传动轴同轴设置的传动轴配合孔，传动轴配合孔中部设有与其同轴设置的传动轴柱；所述凸轮轴台转动插置在传动轴配合孔内，传动轴柱转动插置在第一凸轮轴孔内，两个第一配合部分别与两个第二配合部配合。
优选的，所述操作轴和凸轮之间设有第一自由行程；所述操作轴驱动凸轮转动至死点位置，凸轮转过死点位置后相对于操作轴走过第一空行程。
优选的，所述操作轴和凸轮通过第二传动结构驱动配合；所述第二传动结构包括第三配合部和第四配合部，第三配合部包括相对间隔设置的第三卡挡和第四卡挡，第四配合部设置在第三卡挡和第四卡挡之间且分别与第三卡挡和第四卡挡配合；所述第三配合部和第四配合部中，一个设置在操作轴上，另一个设置在凸轮上。
优选的，所述第三配合部设置在凸轮上，第三卡挡为第三凸轮面，第四卡挡为第四凸轮面；所述第四配合部设置在操作轴上，为操作轴驱动部。
优选的，所述操作轴和凸轮的转动轴线平行间隔设置；所述操作轴包括操作轴主杆，操作轴驱动部设置在操作轴主杆上向凸轮偏移。
优选的，所述凸轮的轴向两端分别与操作轴和传动轴驱动配合。
优选的，所述操作机构包括两个储能弹簧，两个储能弹簧以凸轮的转动轴线呈中心对称设置。
优选的，所述操作机构还包括机构壳体，机构壳体包括相对配合的壳体底座和壳体基座，传动轴转动设置在壳体底座上，凸轮转动设置在壳体基座和传动轴之间，操作轴转动设置在壳体基座上，储能弹簧一端转动设置在壳体底座上，另一端与凸轮配合。
一种开关装置，其包括所述的操作机构。
本发明开关装置的操作机构，其凸轮转过死点位置后，需要继续转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴接触以驱动其转动，可以有效加快储能弹簧释能初期的凸轮的转速，从而提高传动轴的转速，有利于提高开关装置的分合闸速度，提高开关装置的载流能力。
此外，所述操作轴与凸轮的转动轴线平行间隔设置，有利于降低操作操作轴的操作力。
本发明开关装置，包括所述操作机构，操作机构提高了开关装置分合闸速度，提高开关装置载流能力。
附图说明
图1是本发明开关装置的操作机构的爆炸结构示意图；
图2是本发明操作轴的结构示意图；
图3是本发明凸轮的结构示意图，示出了第三凸轮面和第四凸轮面；
图4是本发明凸轮的结构示意图，示出了第一凸轮面和第二凸轮面；
图5是本发明传动轴的结构示意图；
图6是本发明开关装置的操作机构的结构示意图，其处于分闸状态；
图7是本发明开关装置的操作机构的结构示意图，其凸轮处于死点位置；
图8是本发明凸轮和传动轴的配合结构示意图，凸轮处于死点位置，凸轮需继续向第一方向D1转过第一角度φ1，才能与传动轴接触配合；
图9是本发明开关装置的结构示意图，其处于合闸状态；
图10是本发明凸轮和传动轴的配合结构示意图，凸轮处于死点位置，凸轮需继续向第二方向D2转过第一角度φ1，才能与传动轴接触配合。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图1-10给出的实施例，进一步说明本发明的操作机构及开关装置的具体实施方式。本发明的操作机构及开关装置不限于以下实施例的描述。
本发明开关装置，优选为一种隔离开关，其包括操作机构和触头系统，触头系统包括配合使用的动触头结构和静触头结构，操作机构与动触头结构驱动相连以驱动触头系统闭合或断开，也即是驱动隔离开关合闸或分闸。
如图1、6-7、9所示，为本发明操作机构的一个实施例：所述操作机构其包括传动轴2、凸轮3、操作轴4和储能弹簧5，传动轴2、凸轮3和操作轴4分别转动设置，操作轴4与凸轮3驱动配合以驱动其转动，储能弹簧5与凸轮3配合；所述凸轮3转动使储能弹簧5储能，凸轮3转动至死点位置时储能弹簧5储能至最大值，凸轮3转过死点位置后储能弹簧5释能以驱动凸轮3转动；所述传动轴2与凸轮3驱动配合且用于向开关装置的动触头结构输出驱动力，使开关装置合闸或分闸；所述凸轮3和传动轴2之间设有转动余量，使凸轮3向死点位置转动过程中，传动轴2保持静止；所述凸轮3转动至死点位置后，继续转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴2接触以驱动其转动，第一角度φ1＞0°。
本发明开关装置的操作机构，其凸轮转过点位置后，需要继续转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴接触以驱动其转动，可以有效加快储能弹簧释能初期的凸轮的转速，从而提高传动轴的转速，有利于提高开关装置的分合闸速度，提高开关装置的载流能力。
所述第一角度φ1为2°～20°。进一步的，所述第一角度φ1为2°-10°。
如图1、6-7、9所示，所述操作轴4和凸轮3之间设有第一自由行程；所述操作轴4驱动凸轮3转动至死点位置，凸轮3转过死点位置后相对于操作轴4走过第一空行程。需要指出的，操作人员可手动操作操作轴4转动或者通过电动方式驱动操作轴4转动。
如图1、3、5所示，所述凸轮3和传动轴2通过至少一组第一传动结构配合；每组所述第一传动结构包括第一配合部和第二配合部，第一配合部包括相对间隔设置的第一卡挡和第二卡挡，第二配合部设置在第一卡挡和第二卡挡之间且分别与第一卡挡和第二卡挡配合；每组所述第一传动结 构的第一配合部和第二配合部，一个设置在凸轮3上，另一个设置在传动轴2上。进一步的，如图4所示，所述第一配合部设置在凸轮3上，第一卡挡为第一凸轮面3-20，第二卡挡为第二凸轮面3-21；如图5所示，所述第二配合部设置在传动轴2上，为传动轴凸台2-20。
具体的，如图1所示，所述凸轮3和传动轴2的转动轴线重合；如图4所示，所述凸轮3包括设置在其轴向一端的凸轮驱动端，凸轮驱动端的径向两端各设有一个第一配合部；如图5所示，所述传动轴2包括设置在其轴向一端的传动轴配合端2-2，传动轴配合端2-2的径向两端各设置一个第二配合部；所述凸轮驱动端与传动轴配合端2-2相对设置，两个第一配合部和两个第二配合部分别驱动配合。进一步的，如图4所示，两个所述第一配合部之间设有与凸轮3同轴设置的凸轮轴台3-5，凸轮轴台3-5中部设有第一凸轮轴孔3-50；如图5所示，所述传动轴配合端2-2中部设有与传动轴2同轴设置的传动轴配合孔2-21，传动轴配合孔2-21中部设有与其同轴设置的传动轴柱2-3；所述凸轮轴台3-5转动插置在传动轴配合孔2-21内，传动轴柱2-3转动插置在第一凸轮轴孔3-50内。进一步的，如图4所示，所述凸轮3包括设置在凸轮驱动端上的两个扇面形凸台，两个扇面形凸台分别设置在凸轮驱动端的径向两端，每个扇面形凸台的一个端面为第一凸轮面3-20，另一个端面为第二凸轮面3-21。
作为其它的实施例，所述第一传动结构的第一配合部和第二配合部中，第一配合部设置在传动轴2上，第二配合部设置在凸轮3上。
如图1-3、6-7、9所示，所述操作轴4与凸轮3通过第二传动结构驱动配合；所述第二传动结构包括第三配合部和第四配合部，第三配合部包括相对间隔设置的第三卡挡和第四卡挡，第四配合部设置在第三卡挡和第四卡挡之间且分别与第三卡挡和第四卡挡配合；所述第三配合部和第四配合部中，一个设置在操作轴4上，另一个设置在凸轮3上。进一步的，如图3所示，所述第三配合部设置在凸轮3上，第三卡挡为第三凸轮面3-30，第四卡挡为第四凸轮面3-31；如图1-2、6-7、9所示，所述第四配合部上设置在操作轴4上，为操作轴驱动部4-2。进一步的，如图2所示，所述操作轴4和凸轮3的转动轴线平行间隔设置；所述操作轴4包括操作轴主杆4-0，操作轴驱动部4-2设置在操作轴主杆4-0上向凸轮3偏移，有利于降 低操作操作轴4的操作力。
具体的，如图3所示，所述凸轮3包括设置在其轴向一端的凸轮受动端，凸轮受动端和凸轮驱动端分别位于凸轮3的轴向两端；所述凸轮受动端设有V型槽，第三凸轮面3-30和第四凸轮面3-31为V型槽的一对侧壁。如图2所示，所述操作轴主杆4-0的轴向一端设有操作轴连接部4-1，操作轴驱动部4-2为设置在操作轴连接部4-1上的滚轮，有利于减小操作轴驱动部4-2与凸轮3的摩擦力，提高动作流畅性。
作为其它的实施例，所述第三配合部设置在操作轴4上，第四配合部设置在凸轮3上。
如图1、6-9所示，所述操作机构包括两个储能弹簧5，两个储能弹簧5以凸轮3的转动轴线呈中心对称设置。进一步的，如图1、6-9所示，两个所述储能弹簧5的一端分别与凸轮3的径向两端配合，两个储能弹簧5的另一端分别转动设置在操作机构的机构壳体上。
具体的，如图3-4所示，所述凸轮3的径向两端各设有一个凸轮配合槽3-4；如图1所示，所述储能弹簧5为压簧，每个储能弹簧5的一端均设有与凸轮配合槽3-4限位配合的弹簧限位杆，所述凸轮3位于死点位置时，储能弹簧5的两端和凸轮3的转动轴线位于同一直线上。所述凸轮3转过死点位置一侧后，储能弹簧5对凸轮3的作用力驱动凸轮向一侧转动，所述凸轮3转过死点位置另一侧后，储能弹簧5对凸轮3的作用力驱动凸轮向另一侧转动。
作为其它的实施例，所述储能弹簧5也可以是扭簧，扭簧一端与凸轮3配合，另一端转动设置在机构壳体上；所述凸轮3位于死点位置时，储能弹簧5对凸轮3的作用力和凸轮3的转动轴线位于同一直线上。
以下将结合说明书附图6-9，对所述操作机构的动作过程进行说明：
如图6所示，所述操作机构处于分闸状态；结合图7所示，所述操作机构合闸时，操作轴4转动以通过操作轴驱动部4-2驱动凸轮3向第一方向D1(如图7所示，所述第一方向D1优选为逆时针方向)转动，储能弹簧5随着凸轮3的转动而储能；如图7-8所示，所述凸轮3相对于传动轴2转过转动余量并转动至死点位置时，储能弹簧5储能至最大值且其几何轴线与凸轮3的转动轴线在同一直线上，此时凸轮3与传动轴2尚未接触，凸 轮3与传动轴2之间的第一配合部和第二配合部之间还具有间隙；结合图8所示，所述凸轮3从死点位置继续向第一方向D1转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴2接触以驱动传动轴2转动，凸轮3从死点位置转过第一角度φ1时，由于尚未与传动轴2接触，因此操作轴4和储能弹簧5释能使凸轮3获得更大的速度，从而在与传动轴2接触后以更大的速度驱动传动轴2转动，从而驱动开关装置以更大的速度合闸，防止开关装置的动触头和静触头之间发生熔焊，操作机构切换至如图9所示合闸状态。
如图9所示，所述操作机构处于合闸状态；结合图10所示，所述操作机构分闸时，操作轴4转动以通过操作轴驱动部4-2驱动凸轮3向第二方向D2(如图10所示，所述第二方向D2优选为顺时针方向)转动，第二方向D2与第一方向D1相反，储能弹簧5随着凸轮3的转动而储能；如图10所示，所述凸轮3相对于传动轴2转过转动余量并转动至死点位置时，储能弹簧5储能至最大值，凸轮3与传动轴2尚未接触；结合图10所示，所述凸轮3从死点位置继续向第二方向D2转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴2接触以驱动传动轴2转动，传动轴2驱动开关装置切换至图6所示的分闸状态。
如图1、6-7、9所示，所述操作机构还包括机构壳体，机构壳体包括相对配合的壳体底座1和壳体基座6，传动轴2转动设置在壳体底座1上，凸轮3转动设置在壳体基座6和传动轴2之间，操作轴4转动杆设置在壳体基座6上，储能弹簧5一端转动设置在壳体底座1上，另一端与凸轮13配合。进一步的，如图5所示，所述传动轴2包括依次相连的传动轴输出端2-0、传动轴限位部2-1和传动轴配合端2-2，传动轴输出端2-0转动设置在壳体底座1上的底座传动轴孔中向开关装置的动触头结构输出驱动力，传动轴限位部2-1与壳体底座1限位配合阻止传动轴2从底座传动轴孔中脱出；如图1所示，所述机构基座6上设有基座操作轴孔，操作轴4的操作轴主杆4-1转动插置在基座操作轴孔内；如图3所示，所述凸轮3的凸轮受动端设有凸轮轴柱3-1，凸轮轴柱3-1中部设有第二凸轮轴孔3-10，凸轮3通过第二凸轮轴孔3-10与基座6配合转动设置在机构基座6上，例如机构基座6上设有转动插入第二凸轮轴孔3-10内的基座轴，或者机构基座6上设有与第二凸轮轴孔3-10对应的基座轴孔，一根凸轮转轴两端分别 插置在第二凸轮轴孔3-10和基座轴孔内。
本发明开关装置，其包括所述操作机构，操作机构提高了开关装置分合闸速度，提高开关装置载流能力。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种开关装置的操作机构，其包括传动轴(2)、凸轮(3)、操作轴(4)和储能弹簧(5)，传动轴(2)、凸轮(3)和操作轴(4)分别转动设置，操作轴(4)与凸轮(3)驱动配合以驱动其转动；所述凸轮(3)转动使储能弹簧(5)储能，凸轮(3)转动至死点位置时储能弹簧(5)储能至最大值，凸轮(3)转过死点位置后储能弹簧(5)释能以驱动凸轮(3)转动；所述传动轴(2)与凸轮(3)驱动配合且用于向开关装置的动触头结构输出驱动力；所述凸轮(3)和传动轴(2)之间设有转动余量，使凸轮(3)向死点位置转动过程中，传动轴(2)保持静止；其特征在于：所述凸轮(3)转动至死点位置后，继续转过第一角度φ1后与传动轴(2)接触以驱动其转动，第一角度φ1＞0°。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述第一角度φ1为2°～20°。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述第一角度φ1为2°～10°。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述凸轮(3)和传动轴(2)通过至少一组第一传动结构配合；每组所述第一传动结构包括第一配合部和第二配合部，第一配合部包括相对间隔设置的第一卡挡和第二卡挡，第二配合部设置在第一卡挡和第二卡挡之间且分别与第一卡挡和第二卡挡配合；每组所述第一传动结构的第一配合部和第二配合部，一个设置在凸轮(3)上，另一个设置在传动轴(2)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述第一配合部设置在凸轮(3)上，第一卡挡为第一凸轮面(3-20)，第二卡当个为第二凸轮面(3-21)；所述第二配合部设置在传动轴(2)上，为传动轴凸台(2-20)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述凸轮(3)和传动轴(2)的转动轴线重合；所述凸轮(3)包括设置在其轴向一端的凸轮驱动端，凸轮驱动端的径向两端各设有一个第一配合部，两个第一配合部之间设有与凸轮(3)同轴设置的凸轮轴台(3-5)，凸轮轴台(3-5)中部设有第一凸轮轴孔(3-50)；所述传动轴(2)包括设置在其轴向一端 的传动轴配合端(2-2)，传动轴配合端(2-2)的径向两端各设有一个第二配合部，传动轴配合端(2-2)中部设有与传动轴(2)同轴设置的传动轴配合孔(2-21)，传动轴配合孔(2-21)中部设有与其同轴设置的传动轴柱(2-3)；所述凸轮轴台(3-5)转动插置在传动轴配合孔(2-21)内，传动轴柱(2-3)转动插置在第一凸轮轴孔(3-50)内，两个第一配合部分别与两个第二配合部配合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述操作轴(4)和凸轮(3)之间设有第一自由行程；所述操作轴(4)驱动凸轮(3)转动至死点位置，凸轮(3)转过死点位置后相对于操作轴(4)走过第一空行程。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述操作轴(4)和凸轮(3)通过第二传动结构驱动配合；所述第二传动结构包括第三配合部和第四配合部，第三配合部包括相对间隔设置的第三卡挡和第四卡挡，第四配合部设置在第三卡挡和第四卡挡之间且分别与第三卡挡和第四卡挡配合；所述第三配合部和第四配合部中，一个设置在操作轴(4)上，另一个设置在凸轮(3)上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述第三配合部设置在凸轮(3)上，第三卡挡为第三凸轮面(3-30)，第四卡挡为第四凸轮面(3-31)；所述第四配合部设置在操作轴(4)上，为操作轴驱动部(4-2)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述操作轴(4)和凸轮(3)的转动轴线平行间隔设置；所述操作轴(4)包括操作轴主杆(4-0)，操作轴驱动部(4-2)设置在操作轴主杆(4-0)上向凸轮(3)偏移。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述凸轮(3)的轴向两端分别与操作轴(4)和传动轴(2)驱动配合。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述操作机构包括两个储能弹簧(5)，两个储能弹簧(5)以凸轮(3)的转动轴线呈中心对称设置。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的开关装置的操作机构，其特征在于：所述操 作机构还包括机构壳体，机构壳体包括相对配合的壳体底座(1)和壳体基座(6)，传动轴(2)转动设置在壳体底座(1)上，凸轮(3)转动设置在壳体基座(6)和传动轴(2)之间，操作轴(4)转动设置在壳体基座(6)上，储能弹簧(5)一端转动设置在壳体底座(1)上，另一端与凸轮(3)配合。
  14. 一种开关装置，其特征在于，其包括权利要求1-13任意一项所述的操作机构。
PCT/CN2022/125590 2021-11-01 2022-10-17 开关装置的操作机构及开关装置 WO2023071840A1 (zh)

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