WO2023071839A1 - 馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统 - Google Patents

馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023071839A1
WO2023071839A1 PCT/CN2022/125559 CN2022125559W WO2023071839A1 WO 2023071839 A1 WO2023071839 A1 WO 2023071839A1 CN 2022125559 W CN2022125559 W CN 2022125559W WO 2023071839 A1 WO2023071839 A1 WO 2023071839A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
branches
branch
phase shifting
shifting unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/125559
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏晓东
胡培峰
黄志国
米孟瑶
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22885717.3A priority Critical patent/EP4391229A1/en
Publication of WO2023071839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071839A1/zh
Priority to US18/648,335 priority patent/US20240283483A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/50—Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
    • H04B1/52—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa
    • H04B1/525—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/22—Attenuating devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
    • H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of radio science, and in particular to a feed circuit, an antenna device, a communication device and a communication system.
  • PIM Passive intermodulation
  • RF radio frequency
  • its feed circuit includes a digital phase shifter designed based on semiconductor devices.
  • the semiconductor device is used to measure the linearity index of third-order intercept point (IP3), and its index is relatively low.
  • IP3 third-order intercept point
  • the PIM index of the entire phase shifter circuit in the feed circuit is low.
  • FDD frequency division duplexing
  • This architecture has a relatively large impact on the layout and cost of the base station equipment.
  • due to the limitations of semiconductor materials and processes it is difficult to improve its own IP3. Therefore, it has become a technical direction to study a specific feed circuit structure to improve the PIM index.
  • the present application provides a feeding circuit, antenna equipment, communication equipment and a communication system.
  • the feeding circuit by setting phase shifting units in multiple parallel branches, the semiconductor components in the semiconductor modules in the branches can be offset.
  • the PIM caused by the device thereby improving the PIM index of the feed circuit.
  • a feed circuit including: a power divider and N branches, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; wherein, the power divider includes an input port and M output ports, and M is an integer greater than or equal to N; the N branches are respectively connected to the N output ports of the M output ports of the power distributor; each of the N branches is provided with a semiconductor module ;
  • the N branches include N-1 first branches and 1 second branch, each of the N-1 first branches is provided with a first phase shifting unit, The first phase shifting unit is disposed between the semiconductor module and the power divider, and N ⁇ 1 first phase shifting units are used to generate a fixed phase difference between the N branches.
  • the second branch may be any one of the N branches of the feed circuit.
  • Each first branch in the N-1 first branches is provided with a phase shifting unit, and the phase shifting unit on each first branch is arranged between the semiconductor module and the power divider 110 on the first branch , the phase shifting units on the N-1 first branches respectively adjust the phases of the electrical signals flowing through the N-1 first branches, and then can be used to generate a fixed phase difference between the N branches.
  • the fixed phase difference generated between the N branches can be used to offset the PIM caused by the semiconductor devices in the semiconductor modules in the branches, thereby improving the PIM index of the feed circuit.
  • the second branch serves as a reference branch for phase zeroing among the N branches.
  • the second branch is used as a reference branch for phase zeroing among the N branches, and is used to select a zero-degree phase.
  • the second branch is provided with a second phase shifting unit.
  • the phase references in the N branches can be adjusted.
  • the phase of the first phase shifting unit set in the i-th first branch among the N-1 first branches is i ⁇ / N+ ⁇ , wherein, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1, the ⁇ is greater than 90° and less than 270°, the ⁇ is the phase of the second phase shifting unit, and ⁇ is greater than or is equal to 0.
  • the phase of the first phase shifting unit set in the i-th first branch among the N-1 first branches is i ⁇ / N, wherein, i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1, and ⁇ is greater than 90° and less than 270°.
  • the phase difference ⁇ between the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal needs to be greater than 90° and less than 270°, so that the first PIM signal can include components in the first direction, and the second One direction is the direction of a vector with a phase difference of 180° from the second PIM signal, that is, the first direction is opposite to the second PIM signal. There may be at least partial cancellation between the component of the first PIM signal in the first direction and the second PIM signal.
  • the ⁇ is 180°.
  • the power divider is a constant-amplitude power divider.
  • N-1 phase shifting units can be used to generate a fixed phase difference between N branches so that N The vector sum of the PIM signals is 0, the N PIM signals are completely canceled out, and the PIM magnitude of the entire feed network is the lowest.
  • the feed circuit further includes a power combiner, where the power combiner includes P input ports and one output port, where P is an integer greater than or equal to N;
  • the N branches are also respectively connected to the N input ports of the P input ports of the power combiner; each of the N branches is also provided with a third phase shifting unit, and the first Three phase shifting units are arranged between the semiconductor module and the power combiner, and N third phase shifting units are used to make the electrical signals transmitted by the N branches pass through the input port of the power combiner The phases are the same.
  • the feeding circuit is used as a phase shifting circuit for adjusting the phase of the electrical signal fed from the input port.
  • the feed circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the form of splitting and recombining, N branches are set between the power divider and the power combiner, and the power capacity of the semiconductor module on each branch remains unchanged. , compared with the phase shifting circuit including only a single branch, the power capacity of the phase shifting circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is improved.
  • the sum of the phases of the first phase shifting units set in the N-1 first branches and the phases of the corresponding second phase shifting units is both ⁇ , ⁇ is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 360°.
  • phase setting modes of the third phase shifting unit there can be multiple phase setting modes of the third phase shifting unit, the purpose of which is that the phase of the first phase shifting unit or the second phase shifting unit set in the N branches is the same as that of the corresponding third phase shifting unit.
  • the sum of the phases of the three phase shifting units is ⁇ , which avoids the power loss caused by the different phases of the electrical signals transmitted in the N branches at the input port of the power combiner during power combining.
  • the semiconductor module is a digital phase shifter.
  • the digital phase shifter includes a diode or a micro-electromechanical system.
  • the semiconductor module may be a digital phase shifter, which may be used to adjust the phase of the electrical signals transmitted on the N branches.
  • the third phase shifting unit is a delay line or a Schiffman phase shifter.
  • the first phase shift unit is a delay line or a Schiffman phase shifter.
  • the first phase shifting unit, the second phase shifting unit and the third phase shifting unit are the same as the phase shifting unit shown in FIG. 4, and the first phase shifting unit and the second phase shifting unit are Delay lines, Schiffman phase shifters or other structures that generate phase differences are not limited in this application.
  • an antenna device including the feeding circuit according to any one of the above first aspect.
  • the radiator of the antenna device is connected to an input port of a power divider in the feeding circuit.
  • a communication device including the antenna device according to any one of the above second aspect.
  • a fourth aspect provides a communication system, which is characterized by including the communication device as described in the third aspect above.
  • the antenna device, communication device and communication system provided above all include all the content of the feed circuit provided above, therefore, the beneficial effects that it can achieve can refer to the feed circuit provided above The beneficial effects will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an antenna device 11 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed circuit 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another feeding circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of electric signal transmission by a feeder circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of vector synthesis provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed circuit 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another feeding circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of electric signal transmission by a feeder circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the application scenario may include a base station and a terminal.
  • Wireless communication can be realized between the base station and the terminal.
  • the base station may be located in a base station subsystem (base btation bubsystem, BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved terrestrial radio access network (evolved universal terrestrial radio access, E-UTRAN), Cell coverage for wireless signals to enable communication between terminal equipment and wireless networks.
  • BBS base station subsystem
  • E-UTRAN evolved terrestrial radio access network
  • the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or (code division multiple access, CDMA) system, or a wideband code division multiple access (CDMA) system.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • CDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • address (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) system Node B (NodeB, NB) can also be long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) evolution type Node B (eNB or eNodeB) system, or It may be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • eNB evolution type Node B
  • CRAN cloud radio access network
  • the base station can also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a g-node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system or a base station in a future evolved network. Examples are not limited.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 10 may include an antenna device 11, a pole 12, an adjustment bracket 13, a feeder 14, a grounding piece 15, a radio frequency remote unit (remote radio unit, RRU) 16 and a baseband processing unit (building base band) unite, BBU) 17. It should be understood that the communication device 10 may be the base station shown in FIG. 1 , and the communication device 10 may be used in each of the foregoing communication systems.
  • RRU radio frequency remote unit
  • BBU baseband processing unit
  • the antenna device 11 may be an antenna device in the communication device 10, and is used for transmitting and receiving electrical signals.
  • the adjustment bracket 13 is used to fix the antenna device 11 on the pole 12, and can adjust the relative position of the antenna device 11 and the pole, so that the antenna device 11 is set at a suitable working position.
  • One end of the feeder 14 is connected to the antenna device 11, and is used to transmit the electrical signal received by the antenna device 11 to the RRU16 for frequency selection, amplification and down-conversion processing, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the BBU17, or, use
  • the electrical signal from the RRU 16 which has been up-converted and amplified, is transmitted to the antenna device 11 .
  • the grounding element 15 is arranged at the other end of the feeder 14 for connecting to the ground and filtering out some interference signals.
  • the BBU 17 can be connected to the feeding network of the antenna device 11 through the RRU 16 .
  • the RRU16 and BBU17 are used to perform related processing of the electrical signal on the radio frequency and the baseband.
  • a sealing letter which can be an insulating sealing tape, for example, polyvinyl chloride (polyvinyl chloride, PVC) insulating tape, which can prevent the short circuit at its connection from affecting the communication system. 10 jobs.
  • FIG. 2 only schematically shows some components included in the communication system 10 , and the actual shape, actual size and actual configuration of these components are not limited by FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an antenna device 11 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna device 11 may include a radiation section and a feeding circuit.
  • the feeding circuit can be used to connect the radiation part of the antenna device with an external feeding line.
  • the feed circuit can be used to process the electrical signal transmitted by the feed line, and transmit the processed electrical signal with a certain amplitude and phase to the radiation part, and the radiation part will radiate outward; or, the feed circuit can be used to transfer the radiation part
  • the received electrical signal is processed, and the processed electrical signal with a certain amplitude and phase is transmitted to the feeder.
  • the feed circuit may include electronic devices such as a phase shifter, a combiner, or a filter, for processing the amplitude and phase of the electrical signal.
  • the radiating part of the antenna device may include at least one independent antenna array, and the antenna array may be composed of multiple radiating elements and reflectors.
  • the reflecting plate may also be called a bottom plate, an antenna panel, or a reflecting surface, and its material may be metal, for example, copper.
  • a plurality of radiation units may be arranged above the metal reflector, and the radiation units may also be referred to as radiators.
  • the reflector can be used to improve the receiving sensitivity of the radiating part of the antenna device, for example, it can reflect the received electrical signals to the receiving point of the radiating part and reflect the transmitted electrical signals.
  • the operating frequencies of multiple radiating units can be the same to form a multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) technology, which is applied to 5G and other communication systems, or the operating frequencies of multiple radiating units can be different. This application There is no limit to this.
  • MIMO multiple-in multiple-out
  • the antenna device 11 may include a radome, and both the radiation part and the feeding circuit may be arranged in the space formed by the radome to avoid interference from the external environment.
  • the antenna device 11 shown in FIG. 3 includes a passive radiation part and a feed circuit, which can be used as a passive antenna feed part of a communication device.
  • the antenna device 11 may include the The RRU16 forms an active antenna feeder part, and the BBU17 is located at the far end of the antenna device 11, which is not limited in this application.
  • the feed circuit includes electronic devices designed based on semiconductor devices.
  • the separation of transceivers or software algorithms is usually used to compensate for PIM.
  • the layout and cost of the antenna device are greatly affected.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a feeding circuit, an antenna device, a communication device and a communication system.
  • the feeding circuit by setting a phase-shifting unit in multiple branches connected in parallel, the semiconductor modules in the branches can be offset The PIM caused by the semiconductor device in the circuit, thereby improving the PIM index of the feed circuit.
  • the FDD mode there is no need to adopt a transceiver isolation architecture, which reduces the difficulty and cost of layout in the antenna device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding circuit 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can be applied to the antenna device 11 shown in FIG. 2 , and the feeding circuit 100 shown in FIG. 4 can be the antenna device shown in FIG. 2 A part of the feed circuit in 11 is used to realize some functions in the feed circuit.
  • the feeding circuit 100 may include a power divider 110 and N branches (ie, branch 1, branch 2 to branch N), where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the power divider 110 includes one input port and M output ports, where M is an integer greater than or equal to N.
  • One end of each of the N branches is respectively connected to N output ports of the M output ports of the power divider.
  • Each of the N branches is provided with a semiconductor module.
  • the N branches may include N-1 first branches and 1 second branch. Each first branch in the N-1 first branches is provided with a phase shift unit (for example, phase shift unit 2 to phase shift unit N among Fig.
  • phase shifting units on the N-1 first branches respectively adjust the phases of the electrical signals flowing on the N-1 first branches, and then It can be used to generate a fixed phase difference between N branches.
  • the semiconductor module may include semiconductor devices.
  • the semiconductor module may include a digital phase shifter, which may be applied to a phase shifting circuit to adjust the phase of the electrical signals transmitted on the N branches.
  • the semiconductor module may also include an amplifier, which may be applied to an amplifying circuit, or may also include other types of semiconductor devices, which may be applied to other functional circuits. Adjustment.
  • the second branch serves as a reference branch for phase zeroing among the N branches, and is used to select a zero-degree phase.
  • the phase shifting unit in the N-1 first branch of the N branches Perform phase setting to make a fixed phase difference between N branches. For example, when no phase shifting unit is provided in the second branch, the phase reference in the N branches is 0, and the phase shifting units in the N ⁇ 1 first branches use 0 as the phase reference for phase setting.
  • the phase of the phase shift unit is 90°
  • the phase reference in the N branches is 90°
  • the phase shift unit in the first branch of N-1 is 90° ° as a phase reference for phase setting.
  • a phase shift unit 1 is disposed in the second branch, and the phase of the phase shift unit 1 disposed in the second branch may be ⁇ , and ⁇ is greater than or equal to zero.
  • the phase reference in the N branches can be adjusted.
  • the phase of the phase shifting unit can be understood as an increase in phase of the electrical signal after passing through the phase shifting unit.
  • the phases of the phase shifting units in the N-1 first branches are ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , 2 ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , 3 ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , ..., (N-1) ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , wherein, ⁇ is greater than 90° and less than 270°, so as to at least partially offset the PIM signal generated by the semiconductor module in the N branches.
  • the specific principle will be as follows Introduced in the text. In this implementation, it can be considered that the phase of the phase shifting unit set in the i-th first branch of the N-1 first branches is i ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , where i is greater than or equal to 1 and an integer less than or equal to N-1.
  • the N-1 first branches can be in phase order (the order of the phases of the phase shifting units, for example, the phases are from small to large or by Large to small order) are arranged on the printed circuit board (PCB) sequentially, or randomly arranged, as long as the order is recorded for identification.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific layout of the N-1 first branches, and a flexible layout can be performed according to an actual design.
  • no phase shifting unit is set in the second branch, which is equivalent to the phase ⁇ of the phase shifting unit set in the second branch in the above embodiment being 0, which reduces the difficulty and cost of layout in the antenna device .
  • the phases of the first phase-shifting units in the N-1 first branches are ⁇ /N, 2 ⁇ /N, 3 ⁇ /N, ..., (N ⁇ 1) ⁇ /N, where ⁇ is greater than 90° and less than 270°, at least partially canceling the PIM signal generated by the semiconductor module in the N branches.
  • the phase of the phase shifting unit set in the i-th first branch of the N-1 first branches is i ⁇ /N, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1 .
  • the above formula is used to set the phases of the phase shifting units on the N-1 first branches, which is convenient for calculation and can be more conducive to the realization of a fixed phase difference between the N branches.
  • the semiconductor module may be a digital phase shifter, which may be used to adjust the phase of the electrical signals transmitted on the N branches. In other embodiments of the present application, it can also be understood accordingly.
  • the digital phase shifter includes a diode or a micro electromechanical system (MEMS), and may also include other electronic components according to actual design, which is not limited in this application.
  • MEMS micro electromechanical system
  • phase shift unit mentioned above is a delay line, a Schiffman (Schiffman) phase shifter or other structures or devices that generate a phase difference, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the power divider 110 is a constant-amplitude power divider, configured to divide the electrical signal fed from the input port into N electrical signals of equal amplitude and same phase and transmit them to N branches.
  • the power divider 110 is a power divider with unequal amplitude, which is used to divide the electrical signal fed into the input port into N electrical signals with the same phase but different amplitudes and transmit them to N branches , this application does not limit this.
  • the input port of the power divider 110 is electrically connected to the radiator shown in FIG. To the N branch circuits, or, the input port of the power divider 110 is electrically connected to other parts in the feed circuit 100 , which is not limited in the present application. It should be understood that, for the feed circuit 100 shown in FIG. 4 , it serves as a power dividing circuit for distributing the power of the electrical signal fed from the input port to the N branches. Moreover, the other end of the N branches (the end not connected to the power divider) may be connected to other functional circuits in the feed network, for example, to be electrically connected to a frequency modulation circuit, which is not limited in this application.
  • the input port of the power splitter 110 is electrically connected to the RRU 16 shown in FIG. 2, and is used to divide the electrical signal processed by the RRU 16 into N electrical signals of the same phase and transmit them to N branches, which is used in the antenna device.
  • the radiator provides an electrical signal that radiates outward.
  • the embodiments of the present application are all described by taking the signal received by the antenna radiator as an example. Those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to the scenario where the antenna radiates and transmits signals, and through the embodiments disclosed in this application Achieved without putting into creative labor.
  • the feed circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can not only be applied to feed the radiator in the antenna device, but also can be applied to the RRU or BBU in the communication system, or the feed circuit can be applied to the radio frequency of other devices. circuits or baseband circuits, for example, terminal equipment.
  • the power divider 110 is a power divider divided into two, that is, it has one input terminal and two output terminals.
  • the feeding circuit 100 includes a first branch 121 and a second branch 131 . Wherein, one end of the first branch 121 and one end of the second branch 131 are respectively connected to two output ports of the power divider 110 .
  • a semiconductor module 122 and a phase shift unit 123 are disposed on the first branch 121 , and the phase shift unit 123 is disposed between the semiconductor module 122 and the power divider 110 .
  • a semiconductor module 132 is disposed on the second branch 131 .
  • the feeding circuit 100 includes one first branch 121 and one second branch 131 .
  • the electrical signal fed in from the input port of the power divider 110 is divided into a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal of the same phase and fed into the first branch 121 and the second branch 131 respectively. After the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal pass through the phase shifting unit 123 respectively, the phase of the first electrical signal increases by ⁇ /2.
  • the phase of the second electrical signal is not increased, the phase difference between the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal is ⁇ /2, and the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are respectively
  • the reflected first PIM signal and the second PIM signal are transmitted to the semiconductor module 122 and the semiconductor module 132 respectively.
  • the PIM signal here can be understood as a parameter representation corresponding to the interference generated by the PIM. Since the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal are generated by reflection of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal at the semiconductor module, therefore, the phases of the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal are the same as the first PIM signal transmitted to the semiconductor module. The phases of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are the same.
  • the phase difference between the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal is the same as the difference between the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal transmitted to the semiconductor module, which is ⁇ /2. While the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal are transmitted to the output port of the power divider 110, they need to pass through the phase shift unit 123 again, and the phases of the first PIM signal are respectively increased by ⁇ /2, because in the second branch 131 Without the phase shifting unit, the second PIM signal does not increase its phase in the path reflected by the semiconductor module 132 to the output port of the power splitter 110 . Therefore, the phase difference between the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal at the output port of the power splitter 110 is ⁇ .
  • the vector synthesis of the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal is shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the first PIM signal can include components in the first direction, and the first direction is the same as the second PIM signal.
  • the direction of the vector whose signal phase difference is 180°, that is, the first direction is opposite to that of the second PIM signal.
  • the first PIM signal when ⁇ is between 0° and 180°, and when ⁇ is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 180°, the first PIM signal is included in the first direction in the first direction upward weight.
  • the first PIM signal when ⁇ is between 180° and 360°, and when ⁇ is greater than or equal to 180° and smaller than 270, the first PIM signal includes a component in the first direction.
  • the phase difference ⁇ between the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal needs to be greater than 90° and less than 270° so that the first PIM signal can include a component in the first direction.
  • the power divider 110 is set as a constant-amplitude power divider, so that the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal are equal-amplitude, and ⁇ is 180 °, so that the phases of the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal are reversed (the phase difference is 180°), so that the vector sum of the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal is zero.
  • the N PIM signals generated by the semiconductor module in the N branches are reflected to the output port of the power divider 110, and the phase of the PIM signal in the second branch is is 0, the phases of the PIM signal in the first branch are 2 ⁇ /N, 4 ⁇ /N, 6 ⁇ /N to 2 ⁇ (N-1) ⁇ /N, that is, the first The phase of the PIM signal in the branch is 2i ⁇ /N. It can be seen from the vector synthesis that when ⁇ is greater than 90° and less than 270°, the N PIM signals in the N branches can be at least partially offset to improve the PIM index of the entire feed network.
  • N-1 phase shift units can be used to generate a fixed phase difference between the N branches so that the vector sum of the N PIM signals is 0, N The two PIM signals are completely cancelled, and the PIM magnitude of the entire feed network is the lowest.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another feeding circuit 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application, which can be applied to the antenna device 11 shown in FIG. 2 , and the feeding circuit 200 shown in FIG. 8 can be the antenna shown in FIG. 2 A part of the feed circuit in the device 11 is used to realize some functions in the feed circuit.
  • the feeding circuit 200 may include a power divider 210 , a power combiner 220 and N branches.
  • the power splitter 210 includes an input port and M output ports
  • the power combiner 220 includes P input ports and an output port
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • M and P are integers greater than or equal to N
  • the N input ports of the ports are connected.
  • a semiconductor module is arranged in each branch.
  • the N branches can include N-1 first branches and 1 second branch, and the second branch can be any one of the N branches.
  • Branch 1 is an example of the second branch
  • branch 2 to branch N can be used as the first branch
  • branch Q can be the first branch of Q-1
  • Q is greater than or equal to 2 and An integer less than or equal to N.
  • each first branch in the N-1 first branches can be provided with a first phase shifting unit, and the first phase shifting unit of each first branch can be arranged on the semiconductor of the first branch between the module and the power splitter 210.
  • Each branch in the N branches can also be provided with a third phase shifting unit, and the third phase shifting unit of each branch can be arranged between the semiconductor module of the branch and the power combiner 220, and the Nth
  • the three phase shifting units are used to make the phases of the electrical signals transmitted by the N branches at the input port of the power combiner 220 the same, effectively reducing the electrical signals transmitted by the N branches at the input port of the power combiner 220 due to power combination. The power loss caused by the different time phase.
  • the feed circuit 200 when the semiconductor module includes a digital phase shifter, the feed circuit 200 is used as a phase shift circuit to adjust the phase of the electrical signal fed into the input port. phase.
  • the feeding circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the form of splitting and recombining, N branches are set between the power divider 210 and the power combiner 220, and the power capacity of the semiconductor module on each branch No change, compared with the phase shifting circuit including only a single branch, the power capacity of the phase shifting circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is improved.
  • the output port of the power combiner 220 may be electrically connected to other parts in the feed circuit 200 , for example, the output port of the power combiner 220 is electrically connected to the frequency modulation circuit, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the power divider 210 is a power divider of equal amplitude, which can divide the electrical signal fed from the input port into N electrical signals of equal amplitude and same phase and transmit them to N branches.
  • the power divider 210 is a power divider with unequal amplitude, which can divide the electrical signal fed into the input port into N electrical signals with the same phase but different amplitudes and transmit them to N branches. No restrictions.
  • a second phase shifting unit is disposed in the second branch, and the phase of the second phase shifting unit disposed in the second branch may be ⁇ , and ⁇ is greater than or equal to zero.
  • the phase reference in the N branches can be adjusted.
  • the phases of the first phase shifting units in the N-1 first branches are ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , 2 ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , 3 ⁇ / N+ ⁇ , ..., (N-1) ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , ⁇ may be greater than 90° and less than 270°. That is, the phase of the first phase shifting unit set in the i-th first branch of the N-1 first branches is i ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , where i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N Integer of -1.
  • the phase of the third phase shifting unit provided in the second branch can be (N-1) ⁇ /N+ ⁇ .
  • the phases of the third phase shifting units in the N-1 first branches are (N-2) ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , (N-3) ⁇ /N+ ⁇ , (N-4) ⁇ /N+ ⁇ ,..., ⁇ , so that the sum of the phase of the first phase shifting unit and the phase of the third phase shifting unit set on each of the first branches of N-1 first branches is equal to that of the second
  • the sum of the phases of the second phase shifting unit and the third phase shifting unit disposed on the branch are both (N ⁇ 1) ⁇ /N+2 ⁇ .
  • phase setting modes of the third phase shifting unit there may be multiple phase setting modes of the third phase shifting unit, the purpose of which is that the phase of the first phase shifting unit or the second phase shifting unit set in the N branches is different from the phase of the corresponding third phase shifting unit
  • ⁇ can be any angle value (greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 360°), which can be adjusted according to actual design or production requirements.
  • the branch 1 is used as the second branch, and the branches 2 to N are N ⁇ 1 first branches.
  • the N branches can be arranged on the PCB according to the phase order (the order of the phase of the second phase shifting unit, for example, the order of the phase from small to large or from large to small), or randomly Arrangement, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific layout of the N branches, and the layout may be based on actual design.
  • the first phase shifting unit, the second phase shifting unit, and the third phase shifting unit are implemented by the same type of device as the phase shifting unit shown in FIG. 4 , and the first phase shifting unit and the second phase shifting unit
  • the phase unit is a delay line, a Schiffman phase shifter or other structures that generate a phase difference, which is not limited in this application.
  • the second phase shifting unit is not provided in the second branch, which is equivalent to that the phase ⁇ of the second phase shifting unit provided in the second branch is 0 in the above embodiment.
  • the power divider 210 is a one-to-three power divider, which has one input port and three output ports.
  • the power combiner 220 is a three-in-one power combiner with three input ports and one output port.
  • the feed circuit 200 includes a branch 221 , a branch 231 and a branch 241 as an example for illustration, as shown in FIG. 9 . Wherein, the branch 221 is the second branch, and the branch 231 and the branch 241 are the first branch.
  • the feeding circuit 200 includes two first branches (branch 231 and branch 241 ) and one second branch 131 (branch 221 ).
  • the phase of the second phase shifting unit 223 provided in the second branch 131 is 0 (equivalent to not setting the second phase shifting unit 223)
  • the phase of the first phase shifting unit provided in the ith first branch is i ⁇ /N
  • the branch 231 can be the first first branch
  • the phase of the first phase shifting unit 233 is ⁇ /3
  • the branch 241 can be the second first branch
  • the phase of 243 is 2 ⁇ /3, as shown in Figure 10.
  • phase of the third phase shifting unit 224 is 2 ⁇ /3, and the third phase shifting unit 234
  • the phase of is ⁇ /3, and the phase of the third phase shifting unit is 0.
  • the electrical signal fed by the input port of the power splitter 210 is divided into the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal of the same phase, and feeds into the branch 221 and the branch 231 respectively. and slip 241.
  • the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal pass through the second phase shifting unit 223, the first phase shifting unit 233 and the first phase shifting unit 243 respectively, the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal
  • the phase of the electrical signal increases sequentially by 0, ⁇ /3 and 2 ⁇ /3.
  • the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal are respectively transmitted to the semiconductor module 222 , the semiconductor module 232 and the semiconductor element 242 to generate reflected first PIM signal, second PIM signal and third PIM signal.
  • the first PIM signal, the second PIM signal and the third PIM signal are generated by the reflection of the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal at the semiconductor module on each corresponding branch, therefore, the first PIM signal , the phases of the second PIM signal and the third PIM signal are the same as the phases of the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal transmitted to the semiconductor module, correspondingly, the first PIM signal, the second PIM signal and the The phase difference between the third PIM signals is the same as the phase difference between the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal.
  • the first PIM signal, the second PIM signal and the third PIM signal are transmitted to the output port of the power splitter 210, they need to go through the second phase shifting unit 223, the first phase shifting unit 233 and the first phase shifting unit again. 243.
  • the phases of the first PIM signal, the second PIM signal, and the third PIM signal are respectively increased by 0, ⁇ /3, and 2 ⁇ /3. Therefore, the phase difference between the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal at the output port of the power divider 210, the phase difference between the second PIM signal and the third PIM signal are both 2 ⁇ /3, the first The first PIM signal, the second PIM signal and the third PIM signal may at least partially cancel at the output port of the power divider 210 .
  • the semiconductor module 222, the semiconductor module 232 and the semiconductor element 242 are digital phase shifters, after the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal pass through the semiconductor module 222, the semiconductor module 232 and the semiconductor element 242, the phase can be increased by ⁇ , ⁇ can be any angle value (greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 360°), and can be adjusted according to actual design or production requirements, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal pass through the third phase shifting unit 224, the third phase shifting unit 234 and the third phase shifting unit 244, the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal
  • the phase of the signal increases by 2 ⁇ /3, ⁇ /3 and 0 in sequence.
  • the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal, and the third electrical signal are different between the power divider 210 and the power combiner 220.
  • the phase changes generated by the first phase shifting unit (or the second phase shifting unit), the semiconductor module and the third phase shifting unit are all 2 ⁇ /3+ ⁇ , so that the electrical signals transmitted in the three branches.
  • the phases at the input ports of the power combiner 220 are the same to avoid power loss caused by different phases during power combining.
  • ⁇ needs to be greater than 90° and less than 270°.
  • the power divider 210 needs to be a power divider of equal amplitude, so that the first PIM signal, the second PIM signal The signal is equal to the third PIM signal, and ⁇ is 180°.
  • the phase of the first PIM signal is 0, the phase of the second PIM signal is 120°, the phase of the third PIM signal is 240°, the phase difference between the first PIM signal and the second PIM signal and the second PIM The phase difference between the signal and the third PIM signal is 120°, so that the vector sum of the first PIM signal, the second PIM signal and the third PIM signal is zero.
  • the disclosed system and device can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be in electrical or other forms.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本申请是实施例提供了一种电学领域，尤其涉及一种馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统，在该馈电电路中，通过在并联的多条支路中设置移相单元，可以抵消支路中的半导体模块中的半导体器件引起的PIM，从而改善馈电电路的PIM指标。并且，在FDD模式下，无需采用收发隔离的架构，降低了天线设备内的布局难度和成本。此外，在该馈电电路中并不需要通过软件算法对PIM进行信号补偿，降低了系统的算法复杂度。

Description

馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统
本申请要求于2021年10月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111253894.1、申请名称为“馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线电学领域，尤其涉及一种馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统。
背景技术
无源互调(passive intermodulation，PIM)是无线系统射频(radio frequency，RF)传输组件中的非线性所产生的干扰。当两个的电信号混在一起时，由于两个电信号之间的相互影响，会产生频率等于这两个电信号各自的频率的和或者差的电信号。当所述产生的电信号落入期望接收电信号的频带之中时，就会发生PIM，并导致接收信号失真，影响上行吞吐率。
目前，在基站设备中，其馈电电路包括基于半导体器件设计的数字移相器，半导体器件用于衡量线性度指标为三阶交调(third-order intercept point，IP3)，其指标较低，导致馈电电路中的整个移相器电路的PIM指标低。在这种情况下，为了保证频分双工(frequency division duplexing，FDD)的天线可以应用，需要采用收发分离的架构，以增加额外的滤波器来降低PIM对接收的影响。这种架构对基站设备内的布局和成本影响都比较大。另外由于半导体材料与工艺限制，自身的IP3提升困难，因此研究特定的馈电电路结构来提升PIM指标，成为一种技术方向。
发明内容
本申请提供一种馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统，在该馈电电路中，通过在并联的多条支路中设置移相单元，可以抵消支路中的半导体模块中的半导体器件引起的PIM，从而改善馈电电路的PIM指标。
第一方面，提供了一种馈电电路，包括：功率分配器和N条支路，N为大于或等于2的整数；其中，所述功率分配器包括一个输入端口和M个输出端口，M为大于或等于N的整数；所述N条支路分别与所述功率分配器的M个输出端口中的N个输出端口相连；所述N条支路中的每条支路设置有半导体模块；所述N条支路包括N-1条第一支路和1条第二支路，所述N-1条第一支路中的每条第一支路设置有第一移相单元，所述第一移相单元设置于所述半导体模块和所述功率分配器之间，N-1个所述第一移相单元用于使所述N条支路之间产生固定相位差。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，第二支路可以是馈电电路的N条支路中的任意一条支路。N-1条第一支路中的每条第一支路设置有移相单元，每条第一支路上的移相单元设置于该条第一支路上的半导体模块和功率分配器110之间，N-1条第一支路上的移相单元分 别对N-1条第一支路上流经的电信号进行相位调整，进而可以用于使N条支路之间产生固定相位差。可以利用N条支路之间产生的固定相位差抵消支路中的半导体模块中的半导体器件引起的PIM，从而改善馈电电路的PIM指标。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二支路作为所述N条支路中相位归零的基准支路。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，第二支路作为N条支路中相位归零的基准支路，用于选取零度相位。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二支路设置有第二移相单元。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，通过调整第二支路中设置的移相单元的相位α，可以调整N条支路中的相位基准。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述N-1条第一支路中的第i条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N+α，其中，i为大于或等于1且小于或等于N-1的整数，所述Φ大于90°且小于270°，所述α为所述第二移相单元的相位，α大于或等于0。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述N-1条第一支路中的第i条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N，其中，i为大于或等于1且小于或等于N-1的整数，Φ大于90°且小于270°。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号之间的相位差Φ需要大于90°且小于270°，以使第一PIM信号可以包括在第一方向上的分量，第一方向为与第二PIM信号相位差为180°的矢量所在方向，即第一方向与第二PIM信号反向。第一PIM信号在第一方向上的分量与第二PIM信号之间可以至少部分抵消。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述Φ为180°。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述功率分配器为等幅功率分配器。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，当功率分配器110为等幅的功率分配器且Φ为180°时，可以利用N-1个移相单元在N条支路之间产生固定相位差使N个PIM信号的矢量和为0，N个PIM信号完全抵消，整个馈电网络的PIM量级最低。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述馈电电路还包括功率合成器，所述功率合成器包括P个输入端口和一个输出端口，P为大于等于N的整数；所述N条支路还分别与所述功率合成器的P个输入端口中的N个输入端口相连；所述N支路中的每条支路还设置有第三移相单元，所述第三移相单元设置于所述半导体模块和所述功率合成器之间，N个所述第三移相单元用于使所述N条支路传输的电信号在所述功率合成器的输入端口处的相位相同。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，当半导体模块包括数字移相器时，馈电电路作为移相电路，用于调整输入端口馈入的电信号的相位。同时，由于本申请实施例提供的馈电电路采用先分路再合路的形式，功率分配器和功率合成器之间设置了N条支路，每条支路上的半导体模块的功率容量不变，相较于仅包括单个支路的移相电路，本申请实施例提供的移相电路的功率容量有所提高。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述N-1条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位与对应的第二移相单元的相位之和均为θ，θ大于或等于0°且小于或等于360°。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，可以有多种第三移相单元的相位设置方式，其目的为N条支路中设置的第一移相单元或第二移相单元的相位与对应的第三移相单元的相位之和均为θ，避免在功率合成时由于N条支路中传输的电信号在功率合成器的输入端口的相位不同带来的功率损失。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述半导体模块为数字移相器。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述数字移相器包括二极管或微机电系统。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，半导体模块可以是数字移相器，可以用于为N条支路上传输的电信号调整相位。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第三移相单元为延迟线或希夫曼移相器。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一移相单元为延迟线或希夫曼移相器。
根据本申请实施例的技术方案，第一移相单元、第二移相单元和第三移相单元与图4中所示的移相单元相同，第一移相单元和第二移相单元是延迟线、希夫曼移相器或其他产生相位差的结构，本申请对此并不做限制。
第二方面，提供了一种天线设备，包括如上述第一方面中任一项所述的馈电电路。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述天线设备的辐射体与所述馈电电路中的功率分配器的输入端口相连。
第三方面，提供了一种通信设备，包括如上述第二方面中任一项所述的天线设备。
第四方面，提供了一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如上述第三方面所述的通信设备。
可以理解地，上述提供的天线设备、通信设备和通信系统均包含了上文所提供的馈电电路的所有内容，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的馈电电路中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的通信系统的示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备10的结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种天线设备11的内部结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种馈电电路100的结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种馈电电路的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的馈电电路传输电信号的示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的矢量合成的示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种馈电电路200的结构示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种馈电电路的结构示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的馈电电路传输电信号的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
为了方便理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案，下面介绍一下其应用场景。图1示例性 示出，如图1所示，该应用场景可以包括基站和终端。基站和终端之间可以实现无线通信。该基站可以位于基站子系统(base btation bubsystem，BBS)、陆地无线接入网(UMTS terrestrial radio access network，UTRAN)或者演进的陆地无线接入网(evolved universal terrestrial radio access，E-UTRAN)中，用于进行无线信号的小区覆盖以实现终端设备与无线网络之间的通信。具体来说，基站可以是全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile comunication，GSM)或(code division multiple access,CDMA)系统中的基地收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统中的节点B(NodeB，NB)，还可以是长期演进(long term evolution,LTE)系统中的演进型节点B(evolutional NodeB，eNB或eNodeB)，还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器。或者该基站也可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备以及新无线(new radio,NR)系统中的g节点(gNodeB或者gNB)或者未来演进的网络中的基站等，本申请实施例并不限定。
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备10的结构示意图。
如图2所示，通信设备10可以包括天线设备11，抱杆12，调整支架13，馈线14，接地件15，射频拉远单元(remote radio unit，RRU)16和基带处理单元(building base band unite，BBU)17。应理解，通信设备10可以是图1所示的基站，通信设备10可以用于上述各个通信系统中。
其中，天线设备11可以为通信设备10中的天线设备，用于发射以及接收电信号。调整支架13用于将天线设备11固定在抱杆12上，并且，可以调整天线设备11与抱杆的相对位置，以使天线设备11设置于合适的工作位置。馈线14的一端与天线设备11相连，用于将天线设备11接收的电信号传输至RRU16进行选频、放大以及下变频处理，并将其转换成中频信号或基带信号发送给BBU17，或者，用于将来自RRU16、经过上变频以及放大处理的电信号传输至天线设备11。接地件15设置在馈线14的另一端，用于与地相连以及滤除部分干扰信号。BBU17可通过RRU16与天线设备11的馈电网络连接。RRU16和BBU17用于将电信号做射频和基带的相关处理。
此外，馈线14与天线设备11或接地件14连接的位置可以设置有密封信件，可以是绝缘密封胶带，例如，聚氯乙烯(polyvinyl chloride，PVC)绝缘胶带，可以防止其连接处短路影响通信系统10的工作。
图2仅示意性的示出了通信系统10包括的一些组成部分，这些组成部分的实际形状、实际大小和实际构造不受图2限定。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种天线设备11的内部结构示意图。
如图3所示，天线设备11可以包括辐射部分和馈电电路。
其中，馈电电路可以用于连接天线设备的辐射部分与外部的馈线。馈电电路可以用于将馈线传输的电信号进行处理，并将处理后的一定幅度、相位的电信号传输至辐射部分，由辐射部分向外辐射；或者，馈电电路可以用于将辐射部分接收的电信号进行处理，并将处理后的一定幅度、相位的电信号传输至馈线。馈电电路中可以包括移相器，合路器或者滤波器等电子器件，用于对电信号的幅度和相位进行处理。
天线设备的辐射部分可以包括至少一个独立的天线阵列，该天线阵列可以由多个辐射单元和反射板组成。反射板也可以称为底板、天线面板、反射面，其材质可以为金属，例如，铜。多个辐射单元可以设置于金属反射板上方，辐射单元还可称为作为辐射体。反射 板可以用于提高天线设备的辐射部分的接收灵敏度，例如，可以将接收到的电信号反射聚集在辐射部分的接收点上，并且将发射的电信号进行反射。如此大大增强了辐射部分的接收以及发射电信号的能力，并且还可以抑制其它电波对接收信号的干扰作用，例如，可以抑制后端电路产生的干扰信号。此外，多个辐射单元的工作频率可以相同，形成多输入输出(multiple-in multiple-out，MIMO)技术，应用于5G及其他通信系统，或者，多个辐射单元的工作频率可以不同，本申请对此并不做限制。
更进一步地，天线设备11可以包括天线罩，辐射部分和馈电电路均可以设置在天线罩形成的空间内，避免外部环境产生的干扰。
应理解，图3所示的天线设备11包括无源的辐射部分和馈电电路，可以作为通信设备的无源的天馈部分，在实际的应用中，天线设备11可以包括图2中所示的RRU16，形成有源的天馈部分，BBU17位于天线设备11的远端，本申请对此并不做限制。
在天线设备的FDD模式下，其馈电电路包括基于半导体器件设计的电子器件，如前已述，为保证通信性能不受PIM的影响，通常采用收发分离或利用软件算法对PIM进行补偿，这对天线设备内的布局和成本影响都比较大。
本申请实施例提供了一种馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统，在该馈电电路中，通过在并联的多条支路中设置移相单元，可以抵消支路中的半导体模块中的半导体器件引起的PIM，从而改善馈电电路的PIM指标。并且，在FDD模式下，无需采用收发隔离的架构，降低了天线设备内的布局难度和成本。此外，在该馈电电路中并不需要通过软件算法对PIM进行信号补偿，降低了系统的算法复杂度。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种馈电电路100的结构示意图，可以应用于图2所示的天线设备11中，图4所示的馈电电路100可以是图2所示的天线设备11中的馈电电路的一部分，用于实现馈电电路中的部分功能。
如图4所示，馈电电路100可以包括功率分配器110和N条支路(也即，支路1，支路2至支路N)，其中，N为大于或等于2的整数。功率分配器110包括一个输入端口和M个输出端口，M为大于或等于N的整数，在图4所示的结构中，以M＝N进行说明。N条支路中各条支路的一端分别与功率分配器的M个输出端口中的N个输出端口相连。N条支路中的每条支路中均设置有半导体模块。N条支路可以包括N-1条第一支路和1条第二支路。N-1条第一支路中的每条第一支路设置有移相单元(例如，图4中的移相单元2至移相单元N)，每条第一支路上的移相单元设置于该条第一支路上的半导体模块和功率分配器110之间，N-1条第一支路上的移相单元分别对N-1条第一支路上流经的电信号进行相位调整，进而可以用于使N条支路之间产生固定相位差。
应理解，第二支路可以是馈电电路100的N条支路中的任意一条支路，本申请对此并不做限制，为了表述的简洁，本申请实施例以图4所示支路1作为第二支路进行说明。同时，半导体模块可以包括半导体器件。例如，半导体模块可以包括数字移相器，可以应用于移相电路，用于为N条支路上传输的电信号调整相位。或者，半导体模块也可以包括放大器，可以应用于放大电路，或者也可以包括其他类型的半导体器件，应用于其他功能性电路，本申请对此并不做限制，可以根据实际的生产或设计需要进行调整。
在一种实现方式中，第二支路作为N条支路中相位归零的基准支路，用于选取零度相位。应理解，以第二支路中电信号由功率分配器110的输出端口传输至半导体模块时的相位作为相位基准，对N条支路中的N-1条第一支路中的移相单元进行相位设置，使N条 支路之间产生固定相位差。例如，当第二条支路中未设置有移相单元时，N条支路中的相位基准为0，N-1条第一支路中的移相单元以0作为相位基准进行相位设置。当第二条支路中设置有移相单元时，移相单元的相位为90°，N条支路中的相位基准为90°，N-1条第一支路中的移相单元以90°作为相位基准进行相位设置。
在一种实现方式中，如图4所示，第二支路中设置有移相单元1，第二支路中设置的移相单元1的相位可以为α，α大于或等于0。通过调整第二支路中设置的移相单元1的相位α，可以调整N条支路中的相位基准。其中，移相单元的相位可以理解为电信号经过移相单元后相位的增加量。对应的，以第二支路作为基准支路，N-1条第一支路中的移相单元的相位分别为Φ/N+α、2×Φ/N+α、3×Φ/N+α、……、(N-1)×Φ/N+α，其中，Φ大于90°且小于270°，以至少部分抵消N条支路中由于半导体模块产生的PIM信号，具体的原理将在下文中进行介绍。在本实现方式中，可以认为N-1条第一支路中的第i条第一支路中设置的移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N+α，其中，i为大于或等于1且小于或等于N-1的整数。对于上述提到的N-1条第一支路的顺序，应理解，N-1条第一支路可以按照相位顺序(移相单元的相位的大小顺序，例如，相位由小到大或由大到小的顺序)在依次印制电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)上排布，也可以随机排布，只要将该顺序记录下来，以便识别即可。本申请实施例并不限制N-1条第一支路的具体布局方式，可以根据实际的设计进行灵活的布局。
在一种实现方式中，第二支路中不设置移相单元，相当于在上述实施例中第二支路中设置的移相单元的相位α为0，降低天线设备内的布局难度和成本。对应的，以第二支路作为基准支路，N-1条第一支路中的第一移相单元的相位为Φ/N、2×Φ/N、3×Φ/N、……、(N-1)×Φ/N，Φ大于90°且小于270°，至少部分抵消N条支路中由于半导体模块产生的PIM信号。即N-1条第一支路中的第i条第一支路中设置的移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N，其中，i为大于或等于1且小于或等于N-1的整数。利用上述公式对N-1条第一支路上的移相单元设置相位，便于计算，可以更有利于实现N条支路之间产生固定相位差。
在一种实现方式中，半导体模块可以是数字移相器，可以用于为N条支路上传输的电信号调整相位。在本申请的其他实施例中，也可以相应理解。当半导体模块包括数字移相器时，数字移相器包括二极管或微机电系统(micro electromechanical system，MEMS)，也可以根据实际的设计包括其他电子元件，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一种实现方式中，上述提及的移相单元是延迟线、希夫曼(Schiffman)移相器或其他产生相位差的结构或器件，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一种实现方式中，功率分配器110是等幅的功率分配器，用于将输入端口馈入的电信号分为等幅同相的N个电信号并传输至N条支路中。在另一种实现方式中，功率分配器110是不等幅的功率分配器，用于将输入端口馈入的电信号分为相同相位但幅度不同的N个电信号并传输至N条支路中，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一种实现方式中，功率分配器110的输入端口与图3所示的辐射体电连接，用于将天线设备中的辐射体接收到的电信号分为相同相位的N个电信号并传输至N条支路中，或者，功率分配器110的输入端口与馈电电路100中的其他部分电连接，本申请对此并不限制。应理解，对于图4所示的馈电电路100来说，其作为功分电路，用于将输入端口馈入的电信号的功率分配至N条支路。并且，N条支路的另一端(不与功率分配器连接的一端)可以与馈电网络中的其他功能电路连接，例如，与调频电路电连接，本申请对此并不 做限制。或者，功率分配器110的输入端口与图2所示的RRU16电连接，用于将RRU16处理过的电信号分为相同相位的N个电信号并传输至N条支路中，为天线设备中的辐射体提供向外辐射的电信号。本申请实施例均以天线辐射体接收信号为例进行说明，本领域技术人员可以明白本申请实施例的技术方案亦可以应用于天线辐射提发射信号的场景下，并通过本申请公开的实施例在不付诸创造性劳动的前提下实现。
同时，本申请实施例提供的馈电电路可以不仅仅应用于天线设备中为辐射体馈电，也可以应用于通信系统中的RRU或BBU中，或者，馈电电路可以应用于其他设备的射频电路或基带电路中，例如，终端设备。
在图5所示的实施例中以M＝N＝2，且第二支路131不设置移相单元进行说明。即在图5所示的实施例中，功率分配器110为一分二的功率分配器，即具有一个输入端和两个输出端。馈电电路100包括第一支路121和第二支路131。其中，第一支路121的一端和第二支路131的一端分别与功率分配器110的两个输出端口相连。第一支路121上设置有半导体模块122和移相单元123，移相单元123设置在半导体模块122和功率分配器110之间。第二支路131上设置有半导体模块132。
如上所述，在N＝2的情况下，在馈电电路100中，包括一条第一支路121和一条第二支路131。当第二支路131中不设置移相单元，第一支路121中设置的移相单元123的相位为i×Φ/N，在i＝1，N＝2的情况下，移相单元123的相位为Φ/2，如图6所示。由功率分配器110的输入端口馈入的电信号被分为相同相位的第一电信号和第二电信号分别馈入第一支路121和第二支路131。第一电信号和第二电信号分别经过移相单元123后，第一电信号的相位增加了Φ/2。由于第二支路131中不设置移相单元，第二电信号未增加相位，第一电信号与第二电信号之间的相位差为Φ/2，第一电信号和第二电信号分别传输至半导体模块122和半导体模块132，并分别产生的反射的第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号。需要说明的是，这里的PIM信号，可以理解为PIM所产生的干扰所对应的参数表征。由于第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号是由第一电信号和第二电信号在半导体模块处反射产生的，因此，第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号的相位与传输至半导体模块处的第一电信号和第二电信号的相位相同。对应的，第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号之间的相位差与传输至半导体模块处的第一电信号和第二电信号的差相同，为Φ/2。而第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号传输至功率分配器110的输出端口的路径中，需要再次经过移相单元123，第一PIM信号相位分别增加了Φ/2，由于第二支路131中不设置移相单元，第二PIM信号在由半导体模块132反射至功率分配器110的输出端口的路径中未增加相位。因此，在功率分配器110的输出端口处的第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号之间的相位差为Φ。
在功率分配器110的输出端口处，第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号的矢量合成如图7所示。为了使第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号之间至少部分抵消，以提高整个馈电网络的PIM指标，则第一PIM信号可以包括在第一方向上的分量，第一方向为与第二PIM信号相位差为180°的矢量所在方向，即第一方向与第二PIM信号反向。第一PIM信号在第一方向上的分量与第二PIM信号之间可以至少部分抵消。其中，如图7中的(a)所示，在Φ介于0至180°时，在Φ大于90°且小于或等于180°时，第一PIM信号在第一方向上包括在第一方向上的分量。如图7中的(b)所示，在Φ介于180°至360°时，在Φ大于或等于180°且小于270时，第一PIM信号包括在第一方向上的分量。在这种情况下，第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号之间的相位差Φ需要大于90°且小于270°，以使第一PIM 信号可以包括在第一方向上的分量。
因此，当第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号等幅反相(幅度相同，相位差为180°)时，第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号完全抵消，馈电网络的PIM量级最低。对应的，为使第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号等幅反相，则设置功率分配器110为等幅的功率分配器，以使第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号等幅，Φ为180°，以使第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号反相(相位差为180°)，进而使第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号的矢量之和为零。
类似地，对于包括N条支路的馈电网络来说，N条支路中由于半导体模块产生的N个PIM信号反射至功率分配器110的输出端口处，第二支路中PIM信号的相位为0，第一支路中PIM信号的相位分别为2×Φ/N，4×Φ/N，6×Φ/N至2×(N-1)×Φ/N，即第i条第一支路中PIM信号的相位为2i×Φ/N。由矢量合成可知，在Φ大于90°且小于270°时，N条支路中的N个PIM信号可以至少部分抵消，以提升整个馈电网络的PIM指标。当功率分配器110为等幅的功率分配器且Φ为180°时，可以利用N-1个移相单元在N条支路之间产生固定相位差使N个PIM信号的矢量和为0，N个PIM信号完全抵消，整个馈电网络的PIM量级最低。
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种馈电电路200的结构示意图，可以应用于图2所示的天线设备11中，图8所示的馈电电路200可以是图2所示的天线设备11中的馈电电路的一部分，用于实现馈电电路中的部分功能。
如图8所示，馈电电路200可以包括功率分配器210，功率合成器220和N条支路。其中，功率分配器210包括一个输入端口和M个输出端口，功率合成器220包括P个输入端口和一个输出端口，N为大于或等于2的整数，M、P为大于或等于N的整数，在图8所示的结构中，以P＝M＝N进行说明。N条支路中各个支路的一端分别与功率分配器210的M个输出端口中的N个输出端口相连，N条支路中各个支路的另一端分别与功率合成器220的P个输入端口中的N个输入端口相连。每条支路中均设置有半导体模块。
如图8所示，N条支路可以包括N-1条第一支路和1条第二支路，第二支路可以是N条支路中的任意一条支路，图8以最左边的支路1为第二支路进行示例，支路2至支路N可以作为第一支路，例如，支路Q可以是第Q-1条第一支路，Q为大于或等于2且小于或等于N的整数。其中，N-1条第一支路中的每条第一支路可以设置有第一移相单元，每条第一支路的第一移相单元可以设置于该条第一支路的半导体模块与功率分配器210之间。N支路中的每条支路还可以设置有第三移相单元，每条支路的第三移相单元可以设置于该条支路的半导体模块与功率合成器220之间，N个第三移相单元用于使N条支路传输的电信号在功率合成器220的输入端口处的相位相同，有效减少N条支路传输的电信号在功率合成器220的输入端口处由于功率合成时相位不同产生的功率损失。
在一种实现方式中，对于图8所示的馈电电路200来说，当半导体模块包括数字移相器时，馈电电路200作为移相电路，用于调整输入端口馈入的电信号的相位。同时，由于本申请实施例提供的馈电电路采用先分路再合路的形式，功率分配器210和功率合成器220之间设置了N条支路，每条支路上的半导体模块的功率容量不变，相较于仅包括单个支路的移相电路，本申请实施例提供的移相电路的功率容量有所提高。
应理解，功率合成器220的输出端口可以与馈电电路200中的其他部分电连接，例如，功率合成器220的输出端口与调频电路电连接，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一种实现方式中，功率分配器210是等幅的功率分配器，可以将输入端口馈入的电 信号分为等幅同相的N个电信号并传输至N条支路中。或者，功率分配器210是不等幅的功率分配器，可以将输入端口馈入的电信号分为相同相位但幅度不同的N个电信号并传输至N条支路中，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一种实现方式中，第二支路中设置有第二移相单元，第二支路中设置的第二移相单元的相位可以为α，α大于或等于0。通过调整第二支路中设置的第二移相单元的相位α，可以调整N条支路中的相位基准。对应的，以第二支路作为基准支路，N-1条第一支路中的第一移相单元的相位分别为Φ/N+α、2×Φ/N+α、3×Φ/N+α、……、(N-1)×Φ/N+α，Φ可以大于90°且小于270°。即N-1条第一支路中的第i条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N+α，其中，i为大于或等于1且小于或等于N-1的整数。
在这种情况下，为保证N条支路传输的电信号在功率合成器220的输入端口处的相位相同，第二支路中设置的第三移相单元的相位可以为(N-1)×Φ/N+α。对应的，N-1条第一支路中的第三移相单元的相位为(N-2)×Φ/N+α、(N-3)×Φ/N+α、(N-4)×Φ/N+α、……、α，使N-1条第一支路中每条第一支路上设置的第一移相单元的相位和第三移相单元的相位之和与第二支路上设置的第二移相单元的相位和第三移相单元的相位之和均为(N-1)×Φ/N+2α。应理解，可以有多种第三移相单元的相位设置方式，其目的为N条支路中设置的第一移相单元或第二移相单元的相位与对应的第三移相单元的相位之和均为θ，θ可以为任意角度值(大于或等于0°且小于或等于360°)，可以根据实际的设计或生产需求进行调整，本申请对此并不做限制，避免在功率合成时由于N条支路中传输的电信号在功率合成器的输入端口的相位不同带来的功率损失。
应理解，在该实施例中，以支路1为第二支路，支路2至支路N为N-1条第一支路。在实际应用于中，N条支路可以按照相位顺序(第二移相单元的相位的大小顺序，例如，相位由小到大或由大到小的顺序)在PCB上排布，也可以随机排布，本申请实施例并不限制N条支路的具体布局方式，可以根据实际的设计布局。
在一种实现方式中，第一移相单元、第二移相单元和第三移相单元与图4中所示的移相单元由相同类型的器件实现，第一移相单元和第二移相单元是延迟线、希夫曼移相器或其他产生相位差的结构，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一种实现方式中，第二支路中不设置第二移相单元，相当于在上述实施例中第二支路中设置的第二移相单元的相位α为0。
在一种实现方式中，以半导体模块为数字移相器，P＝M＝N＝3，且第二支路设置的第二移相单元的相位为0进行说明。即功率分配器210为一分三的功率分配器，具有一个输入端口和三个输出端口。功率合成器220为三合一的功率合成器，具有三个输入端口和一个输出端口。以馈电电路200包括支路221、支路231和支路241为例进行说明，如图9所示。其中，支路221为第二支路，支路231和支路241为第一支路。
如上所述，在N＝3的情况下，在馈电电路200中，包括两条第一支路(支路231和支路241)和一条第二支路131(支路221)。当第二支路131中设置的第二移相单元223的相位为0(相当于不设置第二移相单元223)，第i条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N，支路231可以为第一条第一支路，第一移相单元233的相位为Φ/3，支路241可以为第二条第一支路，第一移相单元243的相位为2×Φ/3，如图10所示。并且，为了使3条支路中传输的电信号在功率合成器220的3个输入端口处的相位相同， 则第三移相单元224的相位为2×Φ/3，第三移相单元234的相位为Φ/3，第三移相单元的相位为0。
如图10所示，功率分配器210的输入端口馈入的电信号被分为相同相位的第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号，并分别馈入支路221、支路231和支路241。第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号分别经过第二移相单元223、第一移相单元233和第一移相单元243后，第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号的相位依次增加0、Φ/3和2×Φ/3。第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号分别传输至半导体模块222、半导体模块232和半导体元件242，会产生反射的第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号。由于第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号是由第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号在各对应支路上的半导体模块处反射产生的，因此，第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号的相位与传输至半导体模块处的第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号的相位相同，对应的，第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号之间的相位差与第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号之间的相位差相同。而第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号传输至功率分配器210的输出端口的路径中，需要再次经过第二移相单元223、第一移相单元233和第一移相单元243，第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号的相位分别增加了0、Φ/3和2×Φ/3。因此，在功率分配器210的输出端口处的第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号之间的相位差，第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号之间的相位差均为2×Φ/3，第一PIM信号，第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号可以在功率分配器210的输出端口至少部分抵消。
当半导体模块222、半导体模块232和半导体元件242为数字移相器，第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号通过半导体模块222、半导体模块232和半导体元件242后，相位可以增加β，β可以为任意角度值(大于或等于0°且小于或等于360°)，可以根据实际的设计或生产需求进行调整，本本申请对此并不做限制。第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号经过第三移相单元224、第三移相单元234和第三移相单元244后，第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号的相位依次增加2×Φ/3、Φ/3和0。因此，在功率合成器220的输入端口处，相较于在功率分配器210的输出端口处，第一电信号、第二电信号和第三电信号在功率分配器210和功率合成器220之间由第一移相单元(或第二移相单元)、半导体模块和第三移相单元所产生的相位改变均为2×Φ/3+β，从而使3条支路中传输的电信号在功率合成器220的输入端口处的相位相同，避免在功率合成时由于相位不同带来的功率损失。
在功率分配器210的输出端口处，可以参照针对图7的介绍由矢量合成可知(可以参照针对图7的介绍)，为了使第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号之间至少部分抵消，以提高整个馈电网络的PIM指标，则需要Φ需要大于90°且小于270°。
与图4实施例类似的，当第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号的矢量之和为零时，第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号完全抵消，馈电网络的PIM量级最低。对应的，为使第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号的矢量之和为零，则需要功率分配器210为等幅的功率分配器，以使第一PIM信号、第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号等幅，且Φ为180°。此时，第一PIM信号的相位为0，第二PIM信号的相位为120°，第三PIM信号的相位为240°，第一PIM信号和第二PIM信号之间的相位差以及第二PIM信号和第三PIM信号之间的相位差均为120°，进而使第一PIM信号、第二PIM 信号和第三PIM信号的矢量之和为零。
本领域技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统和装置，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的之间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性或其它的形式。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种馈电电路，其特征在于，包括：
    功率分配器和N条支路，N为大于或等于2的整数；其中，
    所述功率分配器包括一个输入端口和M个输出端口，M为大于或等于N的整数；
    所述N条支路分别与所述功率分配器的M个输出端口中的N个输出端口相连；
    所述N条支路中的每条支路设置有半导体模块；
    所述N条支路包括N-1条第一支路和1条第二支路，所述N-1条第一支路中的每条第一支路设置有第一移相单元，所述第一移相单元设置于所述半导体模块和所述功率分配器之间，N-1个所述第一移相单元用于使所述N条支路之间产生固定相位差。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述第二支路作为所述N条支路中相位归零的基准支路。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述第二支路设置有第二移相单元。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述N-1条第一支路中的第i条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N+α，其中，i为大于或等于1且小于或等于N-1的整数，所述Φ大于90°且小于270°，所述α为所述第二移相单元的相位，α大于或等于0。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述N-1条第一支路中的第i条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位为i×Φ/N，其中，i为大于或等于1且小于或等于N-1的整数，Φ大于90°且小于270°。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述Φ为180°。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述功率分配器为等幅功率分配器。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，
    所述馈电电路还包括功率合成器，所述功率合成器包括P个输入端口和一个输出端口，P为大于等于N的整数；
    所述N条支路还分别与所述功率合成器的P个输入端口中的N个输入端口相连；
    所述N支路中的每条支路还设置有第三移相单元，所述第三移相单元设置于所述半导体模块和所述功率合成器之间，N个所述第三移相单元用于使所述N条支路传输的电信号在所述功率合成器的输入端口处的相位相同。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述N-1条第一支路中设置的第一移相单元的相位与对应的第二移相单元的相位之和均为θ，θ大于或等于0°且小于或等于360°。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述半导体模块为数字移相器。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述数字移相器包括二极管或微机电系统。
  12. 根据权利要求8或9所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述第三移相单元为延迟线 或希夫曼移相器。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的馈电电路，其特征在于，所述第一移相单元为延迟线或希夫曼移相器。
  14. 一种天线设备，其特征在于，包括如上述权利要求1至13中任一项所述的馈电电路。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的天线设备，其特征在于，
    所述天线设备的辐射体与所述馈电电路中的功率分配器的输入端口相连。
  16. 一种通信设备，其特征在于，包括如上述权利要求14或15所述的天线设备。
  17. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如上述权利要求16所述的通信设备。
PCT/CN2022/125559 2021-10-27 2022-10-17 馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统 WO2023071839A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22885717.3A EP4391229A1 (en) 2021-10-27 2022-10-17 Feed circuit, antenna device, communication device, and communication system
US18/648,335 US20240283483A1 (en) 2021-10-27 2024-04-27 Feed circuit, antenna device, communication device, and communication system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111253894.1 2021-10-27
CN202111253894.1A CN116031645A (zh) 2021-10-27 2021-10-27 馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/648,335 Continuation US20240283483A1 (en) 2021-10-27 2024-04-27 Feed circuit, antenna device, communication device, and communication system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023071839A1 true WO2023071839A1 (zh) 2023-05-04

Family

ID=86078269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/125559 WO2023071839A1 (zh) 2021-10-27 2022-10-17 馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240283483A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4391229A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN116031645A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023071839A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1194210A (en) * 1966-09-09 1970-06-10 Thomson Csf Improvements in Electronic-Scanning Antennas
CN201378631Y (zh) * 2008-12-08 2010-01-06 成都九洲电子信息系统有限责任公司 一种rfid定向天线阵列
CN201430200Y (zh) * 2008-12-24 2010-03-24 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 等相差分多路复合移相器
CN101707271A (zh) * 2008-12-24 2010-05-12 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 等相差分多路复合移相器
CN105281030A (zh) * 2015-09-29 2016-01-27 天津工业大学 一种新型rfid平面阵列天线馈电网络
WO2016205995A1 (zh) * 2015-06-23 2016-12-29 华为技术有限公司 移相器和天线

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1194210A (en) * 1966-09-09 1970-06-10 Thomson Csf Improvements in Electronic-Scanning Antennas
CN201378631Y (zh) * 2008-12-08 2010-01-06 成都九洲电子信息系统有限责任公司 一种rfid定向天线阵列
CN201430200Y (zh) * 2008-12-24 2010-03-24 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 等相差分多路复合移相器
CN101707271A (zh) * 2008-12-24 2010-05-12 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 等相差分多路复合移相器
WO2016205995A1 (zh) * 2015-06-23 2016-12-29 华为技术有限公司 移相器和天线
CN105281030A (zh) * 2015-09-29 2016-01-27 天津工业大学 一种新型rfid平面阵列天线馈电网络

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN116031645A (zh) 2023-04-28
US20240283483A1 (en) 2024-08-22
EP4391229A1 (en) 2024-06-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11522501B2 (en) Phased array amplifier linearization
US8185162B2 (en) Electrically tilted antenna system with polarisation diversity
US8489041B2 (en) Multi-element amplitude and phase compensated antenna array with adaptive pre-distortion for wireless network
EP2689493B1 (en) Method and apparatus for antenna radiation cross polar suppression
US20140036777A1 (en) Active antenna arrays
US8433242B2 (en) Active antenna array for a mobile communications network with multiple amplifiers using separate polarisations for transmission and a combination of polarisations for reception of separate protocol signals
WO2022120856A1 (zh) 一种基站天线及基站设备
EP3698477B1 (en) Full-duplex transceiver apparatus
US20170195018A1 (en) Radio frequency distribution network for a split beam user specific tilt antenna
KR20180102612A (ko) 안테나 맵핑 및 다이버시티
WO2022120857A1 (zh) 一种基站天线及基站设备
EP3985888B1 (en) Method for calibrating transmitter-to-receiver relative phase in millimeter wave beamforming system and associated beamforming system
US20230291099A1 (en) Antenna system
US20240283138A1 (en) Antenna system and base station antenna feeder system
EP2929628B1 (en) Distributed digitally convertible radio (ddcr)
WO2023071839A1 (zh) 馈电电路，天线设备，通信设备及通信系统
US11322845B2 (en) Communication device and communication method
EP4128548B1 (en) Antenna array grouping
CN114631265B (zh) 一种天线收发模块、多输入多输出天线收发系统和基站
US20140105074A1 (en) Node in a wireless communication system, the node having different functional modes
US10797772B2 (en) Phase shifter, communication device, and phase shifting method
WO2024198992A1 (zh) 一种射频系统和电子设备
US20240275041A1 (en) Systems and methods for generating calibration data in active antenna modules having antenna-side filter arrays therein
WO2024168524A1 (en) Network node and method for in-field antenna calibration
EP3982545A1 (en) Time-division duplex antenna apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22885717

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022885717

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022885717

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20240318

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE